Research Round-up

Nikki Davis speaks with Dr Gemma Skaczkowski, a Research Fellow from the University of South Australia, about her systematic review: The nature and impact of patient and public involvement in cancer prevention, screening and early detection research. Nikki Davis is a member of PC4's consumer community and is our guest host for this episode. In this conversation they discuss: -What constitutes patient involvement -What research stage most commonly involves consumers -And the benefits of patient and consumer involvement This review found that involvement is increasing but more involvement is needed across each step of the research process. You can read the full review here: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0091743522004777?via=ihub

Dr Kristi Milley speaks with Associate Professor Dani Margalit from Harvard Medical School. She specialises in Head and Neck Cancer Treatment and is also the Director of Radiation Oncology at the Dana-Farber/Brigham Merkel Cell Cancer Centre. We also welcome back Dr Rebecca Venchiarutti onto the podcast, a Head and Neck Research Fellow at Chris O'Brien Lifehouse and at the University of Sydney. Dani and Rebecca are part of a team that has published a new systematic review about interventions for head and neck cancer survivors in the journal Head and Neck.

Today we are lucky to have two guests hosts. Both members of the PC4 Scientific Committee, we are joined by Associate Professor Nicole Rankin, Head of the Evaluation and Implementation Science Unit at the Centre for Health Policy, The University of Melbourne and Dr Claire Nightingale, Senior Research Fellow at Melbourne School of Population and Global Health. Claire and Nicole are speaking with Dr Mohamad Saab from University College Cork, Ireland. He is a Lecturer in the UCC School of Nursing and Midwifery and a Registered General Nurse. They discuss Mohamad's newly published paper, Referring high-risk individuals for lung cancer screening: A systematic review of interventions with healthcare professionals. Mohamad covers many aspects of screening including lung cancer screening services in Ireland vs. the US, the difference between screening and early detection and the importance of using blame-free language when discussing lung cancer.

In this episode Kristi Milley continues her conversation with Professor Jon Emery, Herman Chair of Primary Care Research at the University of Melbourne, and Director of PC4. And Professor Michael Jefford, Medical Oncologist and Director of the Australian Cancer Survivorship Centre at the Peter MacCallum Centre. Jon and Michael are part of a team of experts who have published a series of three papers around Cancer Survivorship in the Lancet. And for those of you who aren't in research, The Lancet would be the silver medallist at the Olympics in medical journals. Today, we're discussing the first two papers in the series: management of clinical issues experienced by survivors, and improved models of care for cancer survivors.

Today we are speaking with Professor Jon Emery, Herman Chair of Primary Care Research at the University of Melbourne, and Director of PC4. And Professor Michael Jefford, Medical Oncologist and Director of the Australian Cancer Survivorship Centre at the Peter MacCallum Centre. Jon and Michael are part of a team of experts who have published a series of three papers around Cancer Survivorship in the Lancet. And for those of you who aren't in research, The Lancet would be the silver medallist at the Olympics in medical journals. Today, we're discussing the first two papers in the series: management of clinical issues experienced by survivors, and improved models of care for cancer survivors.

Today we are speaking with Dr Kellie Toohey, an exercise physiologist and academic at the University of Canberra. And Dr Michael Chapman, a geriatrician and palliative care physician. He is also the Director of Palliative Care at Canberra Hospital and a researcher at the Australian National University. Kellie and Michael's team recently published a systematic review in the Journal of Cancer Survivorship about the effects of physical exercise in the palliative care phase for people with advanced cancer.

Today we are speaking with Dr Larry Myers, a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Cancer Council Queensland. Larry and his team recently published a study in the journal Psycho-Oncology about Mail-out bowel cancer screening: Identifying the behavioural stumbling blocks.

Today we are speaking with Dr Rebecca Venchiarutti, a Head and Neck Research Fellow at Chris O'Brien Lifehouse and an academic at the University of Sydney. Rebecca has published a new survey of general practitioners in the Australian Journal of Rural Health about the Geographic variation in referral practices for patients with suspected head and neck cancer.

Kristi Milley speaks with Professor Larissa Nekhlyudov and Professor Ray Chan. Larissa Nekhlyudov is a Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, a primary care physician at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Clinical Director of Internal Medicine for Cancer Survivors at the Dana–Farber Cancer Institute in the USA. Ray Chan is the Director of the Caring Futures Institute and Professor of Cancer Nursing at Flinders University in South Australia. Together they have published a new overview of systematic reviews published in the Journal of Cancer Survivorship about the Effectiveness and Implementation of Models of Survivorship Care.

Kristi Milley speaks with Dr Fiona Crawford-Williams from Flinders University. Fiona is a research fellow in the Cancer Survivorship program within the Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre at the Queensland University of Technology. Fiona currently works in close collaboration with Cancer Council Queensland, conducting research investigating cancer care delivery in regional and rural Queensland. Today we are speaking about her new paper Information needs and preferences among rural cancer survivors in Queensland, Australia: a qualitative examination the Australian and New Zealand journal of public health.

Kristi Milley speaks with Dr Daniel Jones an Academic Clinical Lecturer from the University of Leeds. Dan is an academic GP and his PhD looked at the diagnosis of lung and colorectal cancer in primary care. In this episode, we cover his systematic review recently published in the British Journal of General Practice titled Factors affecting the decision to investigate older adults with potential cancer symptoms.

Look out …it's a HOST SWAP! member of the PC4 Community Advisory Group; Louise Bailey took reign of the microphone in this episode of Research Round-up to interview our own PC4 National Manager Dr Kristi Milley and Ms Sophie Chima from PC4 about their new paper published in the journal Health Expectations, Long-term consumer involvement in cancer research: Working towards partnership. Show notes are located here: http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-july-2021-with-special-host-louise-bailey-and-guests-dr-kristi-milley-sophie-chima

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Professor Ross Lawrenson and Dr Tania Blackmore from the University of Waikato. Ross is an academic GP and Professor of Population Health and Medical Research. Tania is a Senior Research Fellow with a background in Psychology. Together, they have published a study in BMC Family Practice titled How do colorectal cancer patients rate their GP: a mixed methods study. Show notes are located here: http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-june-2021-with-prof-ross-lawrenson-dr-tania-blackmore

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Andi Agbejule a PhD student in the Cancer Survivorship research group at the University of Queensland. Andi has recently published a systematic review titled Outcomes of cancer survivorship education and training for primary care providers in the Journal of Cancer Survivorship. The paper identified published literature regarding cancer survivorship education programs for primary care providers and assessed their outcomes. As a result of the review seven key recommendations were proposed for developing and evaluating survivorship education programs which you can hear about in the episode. One of Andi’s key points was that future educational programs need to be more tailored to primary care practice.

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Prof Marjan van den Akker from Goethe University in Germany and Dr Laura Deckx from The University of Queensland. Together Marjan and Laura have recently published ‘Psychosocial care for cancer survivors: A systematic literature review on the role of general practitioners.’ in the journal Psycho-Oncology. They highlight that with the exception of survivor's with a fear of recurrence, the GP is well placed to provide psychological care for cancer survivors.  However they also found there is sometimes a mismatch with the care that the patient is after and the care the GP thinks the patient seeks.  They point out that the most important common dominator was that care was multi-disciplinary – with the GP being part of a bigger team.  Prof van den Akker made the important statement that their study “illustrates the importance of the transition between secondary and primary care – which does not always happen smoothy.”

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Dr Natalia Calanzani from Cambridge University in the UK. Natalia is a Research Associate and a member of the CanTest Collaborative.  Natalia recently published ‘Identifying novel biomarkers ready for evaluation in low-prevalence populations for the early detection of upper gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review’ in Advances in Therapy. Natalia highlights that detecting upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancers in primary care is a challenge because cancer symptoms are common, often non-specific, and most patients who present with these symptoms will not have cancer.  She wants listeners to understand that while there is a lot of evidence on biomarkers being evaluated for early detection, research is still at a really early stage.  Natalia goes on to explain that some biomarkers identified in this review will be helpful for primary care but we need more evidence so we can recommend further evaluations. However this review is still really important because it shows the landscape of work being done. Find full show notes here: http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-march-2021-with-dr-natalia-calanzani/

Look out …it’s a HOST SWAP! Previous guest, and former host of PC4’s other podcast ‘Cheers with Peers’; Sibel Saya took reign of the microphone in this episode of Research Round-up to interview our own PC4 National Manager Dr Kristi Milley. Kristi slid into the guest spotlight to answer questions about her most recent paper entitled “Look who's talking now: Cancer in primary care on Twitter. An observational study“. Kristi’s paper was published in BJGP Open. Kristi and Sibel discuss how often health care professionals and researchers are in their own little ‘twitter bubble’ and the importance of collectively thinking about how they approach engaging with consumers using social media. Kristi went on to highlight how the complexity of cancer diagnosis and role of primary care can regularly be lost in the 280 characters of a tweet. She hopes the results of this study open the door to investigating the role of twitter and other platforms in connecting health care professionals and researchers with the public and in turn the public with research, as well as the message of the importance of primary care right across the cancer continuum.

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Professor Yoryos Lyratzopoulos and Dr Monica Koo from University College London. Yoryos is Professor of Cancer Healthcare Epidemiology and leads the Epidemiology of Cancer Healthcare and Outcomes (ECHO) group and Monica is a post-doctoral research associate in the ECHO group. They recently published a paper ‘The prevalence of chronic conditions in patients diagnosed with one of 29 common and rarer cancers: A cross-sectional study using primary care data’ in the journal Cancer Epidemiology. Yoryos and Monica highlight that pre-existing morbidities influence the diagnosis and management of cancer and that the prevalence of specific morbidities in patients diagnosed with common and rarer cancers is not adequately described.They want listeners to be reminded of the interplay between chronic conditions and cancer, and to keep these realities in mind so they can be guided through prevention and more holistic management of patients once they present and are diagnosed with cancer.

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Saskia Maass and Dr Annette Berendsen from the University of Groningen in The Netherlands. Saskia is both a researcher and GP in training. Annette was the Program Leader of Oncology Research in Primary Care at the Department of General Practice at the University of Groningen.  They recently published a paper in the journal “The Breast” entitled “Symptoms in long-term breast cancer survivors: A cross-sectional study in primary care” Annette and Saskia highlight that GPs must realise that survivors of breast cancer may experience various long-term symptoms even 10 years after diagnosis. Some symptoms, such as concentration difficultly, forgetfulness and dizziness are significantly increased with a history of breast cancer therapy and while the reason behind these symptoms is not explicitly known – positive assurance and awareness that these symptoms are common among breast cancer survivors is beneficial.  They went on to suggest that for some patients cognitive training for the GP and a symptom-specific approach may be more appropriate.

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Dr Karolina Lisy a senior research fellow at Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and the Australian Cancer Survivorship Centre as well as a member of PC4’s Early Career Research Network. Karolina recently published a paper in the Journal of Clinical Medicine entitled “Sharing Cancer Survivorship Care between Oncology and Primary Care Providers: A Qualitative Study of Health Care Professionals’ Experiences” Karolina emphasised current care for cancer survivors is falling short. We need to shift the model of care and ensure primary care is well represented within this model. Karolina highlighted that patients who receive follow up care from their GP are more satisfied, this form of care is often more convenient, cheaper for the health care system and addresses survivorship needs beyond surveillance. Overall, it is a more holistic approach to care.  Moving forward, Karolina hopes that this study will provide guidance on the best way forward. Show notes are located here : http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-november-2020-with-karolina-lisy/

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Dr Rebecca Bergin research fellow at the Cancer Council Victoria and member of PC4’s Early Researcher Career Network. Rebecca recently published a paper in the journal of Cancer Policy entitled “Optimal care pathways: A national policy to improve quality of cancer care and address inequalities in cancer outcomes?" Rebecca highlights that the OCPs specify the key features of cancer care across the whole pathway - from prevention to end of life.  Rebecca emphasises that primary care is an integral part of the OCPs and explains how they have had a unifying effect in Australia in establishing the best cancer care that all people should receive.

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Linda Denehy who is the Head of School and Professor of Physiotherapy at the University of Melbourne, School of Health Sciences as well as a Professor of Allied Health Research at Peter McCallum Cancer Centre. Linda recently published a paper in the Australian Journal of General Practice entitled “'Probably better than any medication we can give you’: General practitioners’ views on exercise and nutrition in cancer" Exercise and healthy eating patterns are effective in improving health-related quality of life for patients with cancer. However, there is limited data on the GPs’ views about providing exercise and nutrition recommendations to their cancer patients. Linda highlights that physiotherapists intersect at every stage of cancer survivorship - each of which presents different exercise and nutrition needs. The paper looked at GPs experiences of providing nutrition exercise advice to their patients and what the barriers and enablers were for them to do this. Reference: Waterland, J. L., Edbrooke, L., Appathurai, A., Lawrance, N., Temple-Smith, M., & Denehy, L. (2020). 'Probably better than any medication we can give you': General practitioners' views on exercise and nutrition in cancer. Australian journal of general practice, 49(8), 513–518. https://doi.org/10.31128/AJGP-12-19-5176

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Sibel Saya who is a Genetic Counsellor and PhD student at University of Melbourne as well as a past host of PC4’s other podcast Cheers with Peers.  Sibel recently published a paper in Public Health Genomics entitled “A Genomic Test for Colorectal Cancer Risk: Is This Acceptable and Feasible in Primary Care?”  Genomic tests can predict risk and tailor screening recommendations for colorectal cancer and primary care could be suitable for their widespread implementation.

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Associate Professor Julia Brotherton who is Medical Director of the Victorian Cancer Service’s Population Health and a member of the WHO Director General's Expert Advisory Group on Cervical Cancer Elimination. Julia is the senior author on a new publication in Plos One titled - 'Implementation of Australia’s renewed cervical screening program: Preparedness of general practitioners and nurses'.

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Alison Beauchamp, Senior Lecturer in the School of Rural health at Monash University in Victoria about the recently published paper, ‘The impact of translated reminder letters and phone calls on mammography screening booking rates: Two randomised controlled trials’.

Dr Kristi Milley spoke to Ruth Swann, Senior Cancer Information Analyst at Cancer Research UK and Public Health England about the recently published paper, ‘The frequency, nature and impact of GP-assessed avoidable delays in a population-based cohort of cancer patients’. Ruth talks about the English National Cancer Diagnosis Audit (NCDA) which looks at primary and secondary care data relating to patients diagnosed with cancer.

Dr Kristi Milley speaks to Professor Vicki White, Professor of Psycho-Oncology at the Faculty of Health at Deakin University. She was lead author on ‘The pathway to diagnosis and treatment for surgically managed lung cancer patients’ published recently in the journal Family Practice. The study scrutinised looked at pathways for patients with operable lung cancer to identify factors contributing to early diagnosis. Show notes available here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-december-2019-professor-vicki-white/

Professor Jon Emery is our guest host this month and he talks to Ellena Badrick, a Research Associate at the Division of Cancer Sciences at the University of Manchester. She is the first author of the recently published “Top ten research priorities for detecting cancer early” in The Lancet. In this episode, Ellena talks about the process of gathering key research questions around the early detection of cancers via an online survey.

Dr Milley talks to Dr Sam Merriel, a GP with research interests including cancer prevention, early diagnosis and preventive medicine in primary care. Dr Merriel recently co-authored a Systematic Review titled “Comparison of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Targeted Biopsy With Systematic Biopsy Alone for the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis”. Show notes available here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-october-2019-dr-sam-merriel/

Dr Milley talks to Dr Karolina Lisy, Senior Research Fellow in the Survivorship and Living Well After Cancer group at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre. She recently published a systematic review in Asia‐Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology titled “Identifying the most prevalent unmet needs of cancer survivors in Australia: A systematic review”. The review identified the most common unmet needs of cancer survivors in Australia, looking at personal, disease, and treatment‐related variables connected with unmet needs.

Dr Milley talks to Professor Michael Jefford - a Consultant Medical Oncologist and Director of the Australian Cancer Survivorship Centre, at Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre. Professor Jefford recently co-authored “Tools to facilitate communication during physician‐patient consultations in cancer care: An overview of systematic reviews”. The Systematic Review considered effective methods of communication between physicians and their patients regarding improving care for people living with cancer.

Paige Druce is the guest host for this episode. She talks to Kate Gunn and Bogda Koczwara about their article Differences in the health, mental health and health-promoting behaviours of rural versus urban cancer survivors in Australia. The article looks at people affected by cancer who live in rural Australia and their experiences of survival compared to their urban equivalents. Show notes are available here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-august-2019-kate-gunn-bogda-koczwara

In our third and final Research Roundup recorded on location at the 2019 Cancer and Primary Care Research International Network (Ca-PRI) Conference held in Toronto in May, Dr Kristi Milley chats to Dr. Garth Funston. Garth is a General Practitioner, and Clinical Research Fellow with the CanTest Collaborative. In this episode, Garth discusses his current PhD research on the topic of evaluating tests and tools to diagnose ovarian cancer, with a specific focus on biomarker CA125. During the Ca-PRI Conference, Garth delivered a presentation titled ‘The association between CA125 level, diagnostic interval and stage at diagnosis in ovarian cancer: an analysis of CPRD and NCRAS data’. Garth discusses his use of big data to evaluate and improve the performance of cancer antigen 125 (CA125) biomarker as a test for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer in primary care. Show notes are available here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-research-round-up-july-2019-ca-pri-special-dr-garth-funston/

This is the second episode in the series that was recorded during the 2019 Cancer and Primary Care Research International Network (Ca-PRI) Conference held in Toronto in May. Dr Kristi Milley sits down with Dr. Robin Urquhart, an Assistant Professor and Ramia Scientist within the Department of Surgery at Dalhousie University, Canada. At the conference, Robin gave a presentation entitled ‘Primary care involvement following cancer treatment: a population-based survey’. Robin discusses her research on shared care and survivorship plans which involved a nation-wide survey of cancer survivors’ experiences with survivorship care. Show notes are available here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-july-2019-ca-pri-special-dr-robin-urquhart/

This is the first episode in the series that was recorded during the 2019 Cancer and Primary Care Research International Network (Ca-PRI) Conference held in Toronto in May. Dr Kristi Milley chats with Dr. Saskia Duijts, the Program Leader of Oncology in Primary Care at The University Medical Centre Groningen in The Netherlands. During the conference, Saskia gave a presentation entitled ‘The relationship between employment and financial toxicity in long-term cancer survivors: Implications for primary care’. Show notes are available here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-july-2019-ca-pri-special-dr-saskia-duijts/

Season Two sees Dr Kristi Milley talk to Professor Geoff Mitchell, Professor of General Practice, Primary Care Clinical Unit Faculty of Medicine at The University of Queensland. Professor Mitchell is a GP and has recently published an article on Journal of Palliative Medicine – Predicting those who are at risk of dying within 6-12 months in primary care: a retrospective case-control general practice Chart Analysis. Show notes are available here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-june-2019-professor-geoff-mitchell/

Dr Kristi Milley and Sophie Chima talk to Kate Broun, Manager - Screening, Early Detection and Immunisation at Cancer Council Victoria about the recent media campaign that was launched in March 2019 and the recent publication Impact of a mass media campaign on participation rates in a National Bowel Cancer Screening Program. This study aimed to compare bowel cancer screening rates prior to, during and after a mass media campaign, and assess how high intensity campaigning in one state compared to a state that received less campaign exposure. An eight-week television-led mass media campaign was launched in selected regions of Australia in mid-2014 to promote the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP), which mails out FOBT kits. The campaign used TV advertising in the entire state of Queensland (QLD) but only some of Western Australia (WA). There were other supportive campaign elements such as print, digital and online advertising. The number of FOBT kits returned increased in QLD during the months of the campaign and up to two months after the broadcast, but not significantly in WA. This study indicates that low levels of participation in the NBCSP could be increased by mass media campaigns, but the overall effect will be dependent on the intensity of the campaign. Show notes are available here . http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-march-2019-kate-broun/

It's our 10th anniversary! So we've decided to release a Bonus Research Round-up to celebrate our 10th anniversary. Dr. Kristi Milley and Sophie Chima talk to Professor Jon Emery, Herman Professor of Primary Care Cancer Research at the University of Melbourne and Director of PC4 and Emily Habgood about the recent publication ‘The Chest Australia Trial: a randomised controlled trial of an intervention to increase consultation rates in smokers at risk of lung cancer’. Lung cancer has one of the lowest survival outcomes of any cancer because of the high occurrence of late-stage diagnosis; with stigma often holding patients back from seeking consultations. Professor Emery was the lead researcher for the CHEST Australia trial, which aimed to reduce lung cancer death through increased early detection. Show notes are available here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-february-2019-bonus-episode-jon-emery-emily-habgood/

The Research Round-up team interview Dr Pauline Williams, Academic Fellow at the Centre of Academic Primary Care at the University of Aberdeen and General Practitioner. In this episode we discuss Dr Williams recently published Patient and primary care delays in the diagnostic pathway of gynaecological cancers: a systematic review of influencing factors in the British Journal of General Practice. Dr Williams’ group analysed evidence from 37 studies and established that patients, often did not understand the significance of symptoms, and did not request guidance quickly. Show notes are located here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-february-2019-pauline-williams/

The Research Round-up team interview Associate Professor of General Practice, Joel Rhee from the University of Wollongong. Joel Rhee is Chair of Specific Interest Network of Cancer and Palliative Care of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) and PC4’s Clinical Oncology Society of Australia representative. In this episode we discuss Associate Professor Rhee’s recent BMJ publication General practitioners (GPs) and end-of-life care: a qualitative study of Australian GPs and specialist palliative care clinicians. GPs are well placed to be included in end-of-life care for patients with life-limiting illnesses, and yet GPs have different understandings of their role. Joel discusses the important barriers and facilitators to GP involvement in end-of-life care; and why the Australian health care system needs to better support GPs. Show notes are located here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-january-2019-joel-rhee/

Professor Jon Emery talks with Professor Willie Hamilton, co-chair of CanTest and a GP and lead of the DISCOVERY group in Exeter, Willie is also clinical lead for the 2015 NICE guidance, as well as a member of the Department of Health’s Policy Research Unit for cancer awareness, screening and early diagnosis. Both are part of CanTest – a five year programme of funding from Cancer Research UK, where international primary care cancer researchers investigate ways of developing and implementing new and improved cancer diagnostic tests into GP surgeries. Professor Hamilton discusses recently published Early detection of multiple myeloma in primary care using blood tests: a case–control study in primary care. This UK based, matched case-control study examined the combined predictive value of presenting symptoms and blood tests commonly used in primary care in order to find which are useful in suggesting/excluding a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Using data from over 2,700 cases and more than 12,000 controls, the study found that plasma viscosity (PV) and ESR were better than C-reactive protein for ruling in/out myeloma. Show notes available here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-december-2018-willie-hamilton/

Professor Jon Emery sits down with Professor Yoryos Lyratzopoulos, Professor of Cancer Healthcare Epidemiology and lead of the Epidemiology of Cancer Healthcare and Outcomes (ECHO) group. Professor Lyratzopoulos discusses his recently published article looking at the relationship between the diagnosis of cancer through emergency presentations and sociodemographic inequalities. Jon and Yoryos discuss why emergency presentations are important in cancer control, whether improvements have been made and what patient and health system factors contribute to this issue. Show notes are available here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-november-2018-professor-yoryos-lyratzopoulos/ Please note that their may be some audio quality issues as the interview was recorded live at University College.

• Dr. Kristi Milley and Sophie Chima talk to Professor Mark Nelson about the results of his recently published ASPREE trials, (ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly). The guidelines around daily aspirin for prevention of colorectal cancer have recently been updated in Australia, however aspirin still does not feature in UK guidelines. Recent studies have implied aspirin may aid prevention or delaying of the onset of cardiovascular disease, dementia, depression and some types of cancer. Professor Nelson describes in detail the results of the ASPREE trials, which found no benefit in healthy adults, aged 70 and above. The podcast explores the complexity of international trials, the use composite outcomes and how these results will shape future work. Show notes are located here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-round-up-october-2018-professor-mark-nelson/

Dr. Kristi Milley and Sophie Chima talk to Professor Jon Emery about two recent publications. The first publication, The Aarhus statement on cancer diagnostic research: turning recommendations into new survey instruments, is a protocol defining the improvement of an intervention to advance diagnosis through primary care. The second publication directed researchers occupied in early cancer diagnosis field to contemplate the improvement and usage of self-reported early diagnosis questionnaires. Development of an intervention to expedite cancer diagnosis through primary care: a protocol Show notes are located here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-roundup-sept-2018/

Bowel Cancer affects over 20,000 Australians each year and is one of the top three most common cancers in Australia. In this episode, Dr Kristi Milley and Dr Jennifer Walker discuss recently published articles regarding colorectal cancer. Australia has a national bowel cancer screening program and they discuss the possibility of a primary care approach in the USA of a supplemental intervention to improve colorectal cancer screening. The second article highlights the importance highlight a common barrier in cancer care research – communication. Show notes are located here http://pc4tg.com.au/research-roundup-aug-2018/