Podcasts about PLOS One

Will Guidara is the co-founder and restaurateur behind the world's best restaurant.  But Will's not a standard restaurateur. He didn't just focus on creating the best food.  He used psychology and behavioural science to build the best experience.  Listen to learn how his restaurant became #1 by using anchoring, reciprocity and many more psych principles. ---  Listen to the bonus episode: https://nudge.kit.com/aeea58886f  Will's book Unreasonable Hospitality: https://amzn.to/4tPrMl8  Will's new book The Field Guide: https://amzn.to/3Orq1u0  Will's newsletter, Pre-Meal: https://www.unreasonablehospitality.com/premeal Unlock the Nudge Vaults: https://www.nudgepodcast.com/vaults Join 10,728 readers of my newsletter: https://www.nudgepodcast.com/mailing-list  Connect on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/phill-agnew/ --- Today's sources: Mukherjee, A., Smith, R. J., & Burton, S. (2021). The effect of positive anticipatory utility on product pre-order evaluations and choices. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 51, 551–569. Pariyadath, V., & Eagleman, D. M. (2007). The effect of predictability on subjective duration. PLOS ONE, 2(11), e1264.

Ellen falls in love with the Mandarin duck. We discuss why waterfowl's webbed feet don't freeze in the winter, the evolutionary arms race between male and female ducks, New York City's local celebrity Hot Duck, your new favorite coffee order, and more. Works Cited: "Countercurrent Exchange" - Dr. Roger Lederer, ornithology.org “Coevolution of Male and Female Genital Morphology in Waterfowl” - Patricia L. R. Brennan et al., PLOS One, May 2007 "Ducks, Geese, and Swans" - Ivan Phillipsen, scienceofbirds.com, December 2020 “Conspecific Brood Parasitism and Nesting Biology of Mandarin Ducks (Aix galericulata) in Northeastern China” - Qiu-Ziang Deng et al., The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, September 2011 "Molecular Evidence for Interspecific Brood Parasitism and Successful Hatching by Mandarin Duck (Aix galericulata) on the Scaly-sided Merganser (Mergus squamatus)" - Shu Liu et al., BMC Zoology (under review Feb 2026) "Will You Still Love the Hot Duck When He Looks Like This?" - Andy McGlashen, Audubon Magazine, February 2019 Links: For more information about us & our podcast, head over to our website! Follow Just the Zoo of Us on BlueSky, Facebook, Instagram & Discord! Follow Ellen on Instagram or BlueSky!

Ellen falls in love with the Mandarin duck. We discuss why waterfowl's webbed feet don't freeze in the winter, the evolutionary arms race between male and female ducks, New York City's local celebrity Hot Duck, your new favorite coffee order, and more. Works Cited: "Countercurrent Exchange" - Dr. Roger Lederer, ornithology.org “Coevolution of Male and Female Genital Morphology in Waterfowl” - Patricia L. R. Brennan et al., PLOS One, May 2007 "Ducks, Geese, and Swans" - Ivan Phillipsen, scienceofbirds.com, December 2020 “Conspecific Brood Parasitism and Nesting Biology of Mandarin Ducks (Aix galericulata) in Northeastern China” - Qiu-Ziang Deng et al., The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, September 2011 "Molecular Evidence for Interspecific Brood Parasitism and Successful Hatching by Mandarin Duck (Aix galericulata) on the Scaly-sided Merganser (Mergus squamatus)" - Shu Liu et al., BMC Zoology (under review Feb 2026) "Will You Still Love the Hot Duck When He Looks Like This?" - Andy McGlashen, Audubon Magazine, February 2019 Links: For more information about us & our podcast, head over to our website! Follow Just the Zoo of Us on BlueSky, Facebook, Instagram & Discord! Follow Ellen on Instagram or BlueSky!

Credits: 0.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™   CME/CE Information and Claim Credit: https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/podcast/frankly-speaking-cme-475 Overview: A prescribing cascade occurs when adverse effects of a medication are mistaken for a new condition and treated with additional drugs. Older adults experiencing polypharmacy are most at risk. The impact of prescribing cascades can be substantial, leading to falls, organ injury, unnecessary imaging and tests, and more. Join us as we explore how to recognize and prevent these harmful cascades in your patients. Episode resource links: Adrien  O, Mohammad  AK, Hugtenburg  JG,  et al.  Prescribing cascades with recommendations to prevent or reverse them: a systematic review.   Drugs Aging. 2023;40(12):1085-1100. doi:10.1007/s40266-023-01072-yPubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref   Brath  H, Mehta  N, Savage  RD,  et al.  What is known about preventing, detecting, and reversing prescribing cascades: a scoping review.   J Am Geriatr Soc. 2018;66(11):2079-2085. doi:10.1111/jgs.15543PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref   Daunt R, McGettigan S, Kelly L, Curtin D, O'Mahony D. Detection of Potential Prescribing Cascades in Multimorbid Older Patients Hospitalised with Acute Illness-An Observational Prospective Prevalence Study. Drugs Aging. 2025;42(6):535-546. doi:10.1007/s40266-025-01201-9   Growdon ME, Tjota N, Campbell R, et al. Decision-Making and Downstream Outcomes of the Gabapentinoid-Diuretic Prescribing Cascade. JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(12):e2545274. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.45274   McCarthy  LM, Savage  R, Dalton  K,  et al.  ThinkCascades: a tool for identifying clinically important prescribing cascades affecting older people.   Drugs Aging. 2022;39(10):829-840. doi:10.1007/s40266-022-00964-9PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref   O'Mahony, D., Cherubini, A., Guiteras, A.R. et al. STOPP/START criteria for potentially inappropriate prescribing in older people: version 3. Eur Geriatr Med 14, 625–632 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-023-00777-y   Rochon, P.A., O'Mahony, D., Cherubini, A. et al. International expert panel's potentially inappropriate prescribing cascades (PIPC) list. Eur Geriatr Med 16, 1573–1584 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-025-01215-x   Young EH, Pan S, Yap AG, Reveles KR, Bhakta K. Polypharmacy prevalence in older adults seen in United States physician offices from 2009 to 2016. PLoS One. 2021;16(8):e0255642. Published 2021 Aug 3. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255642 Guest: Susan Feeney, DNP, FNP-BC, NP-C   Music Credit: Matthew Bugos Thoughts? Suggestions? Email us at FranklySpeaking@pri-med.com  The views expressed in this podcast are those of Dr. Domino and his guests and do not necessarily reflect the views of Pri-Med.

Credits: 0.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™   CME/CE Information and Claim Credit: https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/podcast/frankly-speaking-cme-475 Overview: A prescribing cascade occurs when adverse effects of a medication are mistaken for a new condition and treated with additional drugs. Older adults experiencing polypharmacy are most at risk. The impact of prescribing cascades can be substantial, leading to falls, organ injury, unnecessary imaging and tests, and more. Join us as we explore how to recognize and prevent these harmful cascades in your patients. Episode resource links: Adrien  O, Mohammad  AK, Hugtenburg  JG,  et al.  Prescribing cascades with recommendations to prevent or reverse them: a systematic review.   Drugs Aging. 2023;40(12):1085-1100. doi:10.1007/s40266-023-01072-yPubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref   Brath  H, Mehta  N, Savage  RD,  et al.  What is known about preventing, detecting, and reversing prescribing cascades: a scoping review.   J Am Geriatr Soc. 2018;66(11):2079-2085. doi:10.1111/jgs.15543PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref   Daunt R, McGettigan S, Kelly L, Curtin D, O'Mahony D. Detection of Potential Prescribing Cascades in Multimorbid Older Patients Hospitalised with Acute Illness-An Observational Prospective Prevalence Study. Drugs Aging. 2025;42(6):535-546. doi:10.1007/s40266-025-01201-9   Growdon ME, Tjota N, Campbell R, et al. Decision-Making and Downstream Outcomes of the Gabapentinoid-Diuretic Prescribing Cascade. JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(12):e2545274. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.45274   McCarthy  LM, Savage  R, Dalton  K,  et al.  ThinkCascades: a tool for identifying clinically important prescribing cascades affecting older people.   Drugs Aging. 2022;39(10):829-840. doi:10.1007/s40266-022-00964-9PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref   O'Mahony, D., Cherubini, A., Guiteras, A.R. et al. STOPP/START criteria for potentially inappropriate prescribing in older people: version 3. Eur Geriatr Med 14, 625–632 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-023-00777-y   Rochon, P.A., O'Mahony, D., Cherubini, A. et al. International expert panel's potentially inappropriate prescribing cascades (PIPC) list. Eur Geriatr Med 16, 1573–1584 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-025-01215-x   Young EH, Pan S, Yap AG, Reveles KR, Bhakta K. Polypharmacy prevalence in older adults seen in United States physician offices from 2009 to 2016. PLoS One. 2021;16(8):e0255642. Published 2021 Aug 3. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255642 Guest: Susan Feeney, DNP, FNP-BC, NP-C   Music Credit: Matthew Bugos Thoughts? Suggestions? Email us at FranklySpeaking@pri-med.com  The views expressed in this podcast are those of Dr. Domino and his guests and do not necessarily reflect the views of Pri-Med.

Hat dein Hund Geräuschangst?Wie viele Hunde haben eigentlich Geräuschangst?Mit welchen Methoden kannst du deinem Hund helfen die Angst zu lösen?Darf ich meinen ängstlichen Hund beruhigen oder verstärke ich die Angst?Und wie war es eigentlich auf der Haustiermesse in Wien?All diese Fragen beantworten wir in dieser Podcastfolge. Bleib in Kontakt ✨

¡Volvimos con una nueva temporada! Y empezamos con este episodio hablando sobre unos hongos que "comen" radiación, ¿o no? ¿cómo es posible que ciertos hongos no solo resistan la radiación, sino que parezcan beneficiarse de ella?Para contextualizar esta historia exploramos qué son realmente la radiación y la radiactividad, por qué no son lo mismo y qué fue lo que ocurrió en Chernobyl hace ya 40 años.ReferenciasArnaise, S., Shykoff, J. A., Møller, A. P., Mousseau, T. A., & Giraud, T. (2020). Anther-smut fungi from more contaminated sites in Chernobyl show lower infection ability and lower viability following experimental irradiation. Ecology and Evolution, 10(13), 6409–6420. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6376Bland, J., Gribble, L. A., Hamel, M. C., et al. (2022). Evaluating changes in growth and pigmentation of Cladosporium cladosporioides and Paecilomyces variotii in response to gamma and ultraviolet irradiation. Scientific Reports, 12, 12142. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16063-zDadachova, E., Bryan, R. A., Huang, X., Moadel, T., Schweitzer, A. D., Aisen, P., Nosanchuk, J. D., & Casadevall, A. (2007). Ionizing radiation changes the electronic properties of melanin and enhances the growth of melanized fungi. PLoS ONE, 2(5), e457. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000457Dadachova, E., & Casadevall, A. (2008). Ionizing radiation: How fungi cope, adapt, and exploit with the help of melanin. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 11(6), 525–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2008.09.013Dadachova, E., Bryan, R. A., Howell, R. C., Schweitzer, A. D., Aisen, P., Nosanchuk, J. D., & Casadevall, A. (2008). The radioprotective properties of fungal melanin are a function of its chemical composition, stable radical presence and spatial arrangement. Bioelectromagnetics, 29(6), 467–476. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-148X.2007.00430.xLovett, R. A. (2019, June 28). Space station mold survives 200 times the radiation dose that would kill a human. Science. https://www.science.org/content/article/space-station-mold-survives-200-times-radiation-dose-would-kill-humanMøller, A. P., & Mousseau, T. A. (2016). Are organisms adapting to ionizing radiation at Chernobyl? Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 31(4), 281–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2016.01.005Tran-Ly, A. N., Reyes, C., Schwarze, F. W. M. R., & Ribera, J. (2020). Microbial production of melanin and its various applications. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 36(11), 170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-020-02941-zZhdanova, N. N., Tugay, T., Dighton, J., Zheltonozhsky, V., & McDermott, P. (2004). Ionizing radiation attracts soil fungi. Mycological Research, 108(9), 1089–1096. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756204000966

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from not washing a pets water bowl for a week. Dr. Don - not risky

In this episode, we discuss a study published in PLOS One that compared living brain tissue to post-mortem brain tissue and found dramatic molecular differences between the two. The findings raise serious questions about decades of Alzheimer's research built on post-mortem analysis and may help explain why pharmaceutical treatments for the disease have been so disappointing Study: A Study of RNA Splicing and Protein Expression in the Living Human Brain -------------- To submit a question for us to answer on the podcast, go to brainjo.academy/question. To subscribe to the free Better Brain Fitness newsletter, join us when we record live, and get our Guide and Checklist to essential blood tests and nutrients, go to: betterbrain.fitness. To learn more about how you can boost brain fitness with neuroscience-based musical instruction, head to brainjo.academy.  Intro and Outro music composed and produced by Julienne Ellen.   

A study published in Nature Communications, published Feb 19, 2026, found that “pregnancy physically alters a woman's brain, with a second pregnancy bringing even more profound effects.” The researchers “performed brain scans on 110 women. Some were first-time mothers, others second-time moms, and some nulliparous women. Results showed that during a first pregnancy, the greatest changes occur in the structure and activity of the ‘default mode network' – the brain system responsible for self-reflection and mind wandering. Are these changes bad? Are they associated with long term hard? Are they adaptive? It's a complex question, with real answers. Listen in for details.1. Straathof, M., Halmans, S., Pouwels, P.J.W. et al. The effects of a second pregnancy on women's brain structure and function. Nat Commun 17, 1495 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69370-82. de Lange AG, Kaufmann T, van der Meer D, et al. Population-Based Neuroimaging Reveals Traces of Childbirth in the Maternal Brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2019.3. Aleknaviciute J, Evans TE, Aribas E, et al.)Long-Term Association of Pregnancy and Maternal Brain Structure: The Rotterdam Study. European Journal of Epidemiology. 2022.4. Jung JH, Lee GW, Lee JH, et al. Multiparity, Brain Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2020.5. Hu A, Xiong L, Wei H, et al. Association of Menarche, Menopause, and Reproductive History With Cognitive Performance in Older US Women: A Cross-Sectional Study From NHANES 2011-2014. BMC Public Health. 2025.6. Orchard ER, Ward PGD, Sforazzini F, et al. Relationship Between Parenthood and Cortical Thickness in Late Adulthood. PloS One. 20207. Hoekzema E, Barba-Müller E, Pozzobon C, et al. Pregnancy Leads to Long-Lasting Changes in Human Brain Structure. Nature Neuroscience. 2017.8. de Lange AG, Barth C, Kaufmann T, et al. Women's Brain Aging: Effects of Sex-Hormone Exposure, Pregnancies, and Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. Human Brain Mapping. 2020.Visit our SPONSOR's LINK to learn more about the Hemorrhage view CS Drape: https://www.perspectivemedical.org/

O que é um animal exótico? Um mesmo animal pode ser exótico em algum lugar mas noutro não? E o que seria um animal selvagem? E silvestre? Essa semana conversamos sobre essas definições todas e como esses animais podem estar presentes no nosso dia a dia. Além disso, quais os impactos de termos esses animais à disposição em nosso país? Como acontece o mercado e quais as consequências para os animais, para o meio ambiente e para nós, humanos? Patronato do SciCast: 1. Patreon SciCast 2. Apoia.se/Scicast 3. Nos ajude via Pix também, chave: contato@scicast.com.br ou acesse o QRcode: Sua pequena contribuição ajuda o Portal Deviante a continuar divulgando Ciência! Contatos: contato@scicast.com.br https://twitter.com/scicastpodcast https://www.facebook.com/scicastpodcast https://www.instagram.com/PortalDeviante/ Fale conosco! E não esqueça de deixar o seu comentário na postagem desse episódio! Expediente: Produção Geral: Tarik Fernandes e André Trapani Equipe de Gravação: Tarik Fernandes, Marcelo Pedraz, Rita Kujawski e Caio Ferreira Citação ABNT: Scicast #680: Animais Exóticos. Locução: Tarik Fernandes, Marcelo Pedraz, Rita Kujawski e Caio Ferreira. [S.l.] Portal Deviante, 23/02/2026. Podcast. Disponível em: https://www.deviante.com.br/podcasts/scicast-680 Imagem de capa: Unsplash Perguntas do Episódio Abdalla, A. V. D. (2007). A proteção da fauna e o tráfico de animais silvestres (Dissertação de mestrado). Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba. http://www.dominiopublico.gov.br/download/teste/arqs/cp055586.pdf Albuquerque, U. P., Araújo, E. L., Souto, A., Bezerra, B., Freire, E. M. X., Sampaio, E., Casas, F. L., Moura, G., Pereira, G., Melo, J. G., Alves, M., Rodal, M., Schiel, M., Neves, R. L., Alves, R. R. N., Azevedo-Júnior, S., & Telino Júnior, W. (2012). Caatinga revisited: Ecology and conservation of an important seasonal dry forest. The Scientific World Journal, 2012, 205182. https://doi.org/10.1100/2012/205182 Anderson, C. (2014). Wildlife poaching: Causes, consequences and solutions. Araújo, V. C. de. (2019). Um retrato do tráfico de animais silvestres em São Paulo e alternativas para combatê-lo. Segurança Ambiental On-line, 5(1), 1–10. https://www.policiamilitar.sp.gov.br/unidades/ambiental/SegAmb/ed5/ed5art6.pdf Araújo, V. C. de. (2021). O tráfico de animais silvestres no estado de São Paulo: aspectos legais, sociais e econômicos do traficante (Dissertação de mestrado). Universidade de São Paulo. https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100136/tde-19112021-225828/pt-br.php Borges, R. C., Oliveira, A., Bernardo, N., & da Costa, R. (2006). Diagnóstico da fauna silvestre apreendida e recolhida pela Polícia Militar de Meio Ambiente de Juiz de Fora, MG (1998 e 1999). Revista Brasileira de Zoociências, 8(1), 23–33. Brasil. (1998). Portaria n° 93, de 7 de julho de 1998. Ministério do Meio Ambiente. http://www.ibama.gov.br Brasil. (2008). Decreto nº 6.514, de 22 de julho de 2008. Presidência da República. https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2007-2010/2008/decreto/d6514.htm Brasil. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/constituicao.htm Chavan, A. S., & Muley, E. D. (2023). Animal trafficking and poaching: A global concern. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 11(5), 45–49. https://www.entomoljournal.com/archives/2023/vol11issue5/PartA/11-5-45-197.pdf Cunha, G. B., et al. (2022). Fauna silvestre recebida pelo Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres e encaminhada para o hospital veterinário da Universidade de Brasília. Ciência Animal Brasileira, 23, e-72818. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v23e72818 Destro, G. F. G., et al. (2012). Efforts to combat wild animals trafficking in Brazil. In Biodiversity (Vol. 1, Cap. XX). ISBN 980-953-307-201-7. Duffus, A. L. J., Waltzek, T. B., Stöhr, A. C., Allender, M. C., Gotesman, M., Whittington, R. J., Hick, P., Hines, M. K., & Marschang, R. E. (2015). Distribution and host range of ranaviruses. In M. J. Gray & V. G. Chinchar (Eds.), Ranaviruses: Lethal pathogens of ectothermic vertebrates (pp. 9–57). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20928-9_2 Doukakis, P., Pikitch, E. K., Rothschild, A., DeSalle, R., Amato, G., & Kolokotronis, S.-O. (2012). Testing the effectiveness of an international conservation agreement: Marketplace forensics and CITES caviar trade regulation. PLoS ONE, 7(7), e40907. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040907 Duffy, R. (2016). Security and conservation: The politics of the illegal wildlife trade. Routledge. Financial Action Task Force (FATF). (2020). Money laundering and the illegal wildlife trade. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264313565-en Fischer, M. C., & Garner, T. W. J. (2007). The relationship between the introduction of the American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) and the decline of native amphibians in Brazil. Conservation Biology, 21(6), 1551–1560. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00759.x Freitas, V. P. de, & Freitas, G. P. de. (2006). Crimes contra a natureza: De acordo com a Lei 9.605/98 (8ª ed.). Revista dos Tribunais. Hernandez, E. F. T., & Carvalho, M. S. de. (2006). O tráfico de animais silvestres no Estado do Paraná. Acta Scientiarum: Human and Social Sciences, 28(2), 257–266. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/3073/307324782008.pdf Lima, R. (2007). O tráfico de animais silvestres. In RENCTAS (Ed.), Vida silvestre: O estreito limiar entre preservação e destruição — Diagnóstico do tráfico de animais silvestres na Mata Atlântica: Corredores Central e Serra do Mar (pp. 1–79). Brasília: Dupligráfica. Machado, A. B. M., Drummond, G. M., & Paglia, A. P. (2008). Livro vermelho da fauna brasileira ameaçada de extinção (Vol. 1–2). Fundação Biodiversitas. Maximo, A. B., Lima, L. S., & Almeida, C. O. (2021). Exotic amphibians in the pet trade: Risks of invasion and disease transmission in Brazil. Biological Invasions, 23(6), 1825–1838. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02462-4 Mittermeier, R. A., Fonseca, G. A. B., Rylands, A. B., & Brandon, K. (2005). Uma breve história da conservação da biodiversidade no Brasil. Megadiversidade, 1(1), 14–21. Nascimento, C. A. R., Alves, R. R. N., & Mourão, J. S. (2015). Trends in illegal trade of wild birds in Amazonas state, Brazil. Atualidades Ornitológicas, 126, 14. Oliveira, V. M., Matias, C. A., Rodrigues, D. P., & Siciliano, S. (2012). Wildlife trade in Brazil: A focus on birds. TRAFFIC Bulletin, 24(2), 85–88. Pagano, I. S. A., Sousa, A. E. B. A., Wagner, P. G. C., & Ramos, R. T. C. (2009). Aves depositadas no Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres do IBAMA na Paraíba: Uma amostra do tráfico de aves silvestres no estado. Ornithologia, 3, 132–144. Pereira, G. A., & Brito, M. T. (2005). Diversidade de aves silvestres brasileiras comercializadas nas feiras livres da Região Metropolitana do Recife, Pernambuco. Atualidades Ornitológicas, 126, 14. Rehbein, K. D. S. (2023). Tráfico de animais silvestres: Limites e possibilidades de atuação dos órgãos competentes (Dissertação de mestrado). Universidade de Passo Fundo. Rehbein, K. D. S., Martinez, G., & Prestes, N. C. (2023). O combate ao comércio ilegal de animais silvestres no Brasil. Planeta Amazônia: Revista Internacional de Direito Ambiental e Políticas Públicas, 15, 282–301. https://periodicos.unifap.br/index.php/planeta Ribeiro, L. B., & Silva, M. G. (2007). O comércio ilegal põe em risco a diversidade das aves no Brasil. Ciência e Cultura, 59(4), 20–23. http://cienciaecultura.bvs.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0009-67252007000400002 Ruggeri, J., Ribeiro, L. P., Pontes, M. R., Toffolo, C., Candido, M., Carriero, M. M., Zanella, N., Sousa, R. L. M., & Toledo, L. F. (2019). Discovery of wild amphibians infected with Ranavirus in Brazil. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 55(4), 897–902. https://doi.org/10.7589/2018-10-276 Salati, E., Santos, A. A., & Klabin, I. (2007). Relevant environmental issues. Estudos Avançados, 21(60), 107–127. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-40142007000200008 Scheele, B. C., Pasmans, F., Skerratt, L. F., Berger, L., et al. (2019). Amphibian fungal panzootic causes catastrophic and ongoing loss of biodiversity. Science, 363(6434), 1459–1463. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav0379 Souto, W. M. S., Torres, M. A. R., Sousa, B. F. C. F., Lima, K. G. G. C., Vieira, L. T. S., Pereira, G. A., et al. (2017). Singing for cages: The use and trade of Passeriformes as wild pets in an economic center of the Amazon—NE Brazil route. Tropical Conservation Science, 10, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940082917689895 TRAFFIC. (2014). TRAFFIC Bulletin, 26(2). https://traffic.org/publications/traffic-bulletin/ Zardo, E. L., Behrm, E. R., Macedo, A., Pereira, L. Q., & Lovato, M. (2014). Aves nativas e exóticas mantidas como animais de estimação em Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. Revista Acta Ambiental Catarinense, 11(1), 33–42.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

O que é um animal exótico? Um mesmo animal pode ser exótico em algum lugar mas noutro não? E o que seria um animal selvagem? E silvestre? Essa semana conversamos sobre essas definições todas e como esses animais podem estar presentes no nosso dia a dia. Além disso, quais os impactos de termos esses animais à disposição em nosso país? Como acontece o mercado e quais as consequências para os animais, para o meio ambiente e para nós, humanos? Patronato do SciCast: 1. Patreon SciCast 2. Apoia.se/Scicast 3. Nos ajude via Pix também, chave: contato@scicast.com.br ou acesse o QRcode: Sua pequena contribuição ajuda o Portal Deviante a continuar divulgando Ciência! Contatos: contato@scicast.com.br https://twitter.com/scicastpodcast https://www.facebook.com/scicastpodcast https://www.instagram.com/PortalDeviante/ Fale conosco! E não esqueça de deixar o seu comentário na postagem desse episódio! Expediente: Produção Geral: Tarik Fernandes e André Trapani Equipe de Gravação: Tarik Fernandes, Marcelo Pedraz, Rita Kujawski e Caio Ferreira Citação ABNT: Scicast #680: Animais Exóticos. Locução: Tarik Fernandes, Marcelo Pedraz, Rita Kujawski e Caio Ferreira. [S.l.] Portal Deviante, 23/02/2026. Podcast. Disponível em: https://www.deviante.com.br/podcasts/scicast-680 Imagem de capa: Unsplash Perguntas do Episódio Abdalla, A. V. D. (2007). A proteção da fauna e o tráfico de animais silvestres (Dissertação de mestrado). Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba. http://www.dominiopublico.gov.br/download/teste/arqs/cp055586.pdf Albuquerque, U. P., Araújo, E. L., Souto, A., Bezerra, B., Freire, E. M. X., Sampaio, E., Casas, F. L., Moura, G., Pereira, G., Melo, J. G., Alves, M., Rodal, M., Schiel, M., Neves, R. L., Alves, R. R. N., Azevedo-Júnior, S., & Telino Júnior, W. (2012). Caatinga revisited: Ecology and conservation of an important seasonal dry forest. The Scientific World Journal, 2012, 205182. https://doi.org/10.1100/2012/205182 Anderson, C. (2014). Wildlife poaching: Causes, consequences and solutions.  Araújo, V. C. de. (2019). Um retrato do tráfico de animais silvestres em São Paulo e alternativas para combatê-lo. Segurança Ambiental On-line, 5(1), 1–10. https://www.policiamilitar.sp.gov.br/unidades/ambiental/SegAmb/ed5/ed5art6.pdf Araújo, V. C. de. (2021). O tráfico de animais silvestres no estado de São Paulo: aspectos legais, sociais e econômicos do traficante (Dissertação de mestrado). Universidade de São Paulo. https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100136/tde-19112021-225828/pt-br.php Borges, R. C., Oliveira, A., Bernardo, N., & da Costa, R. (2006). Diagnóstico da fauna silvestre apreendida e recolhida pela Polícia Militar de Meio Ambiente de Juiz de Fora, MG (1998 e 1999). Revista Brasileira de Zoociências, 8(1), 23–33. Brasil. (1998). Portaria n° 93, de 7 de julho de 1998. Ministério do Meio Ambiente. http://www.ibama.gov.br Brasil. (2008). Decreto nº 6.514, de 22 de julho de 2008. Presidência da República. https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2007-2010/2008/decreto/d6514.htm Brasil. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/constituicao.htm Chavan, A. S., & Muley, E. D. (2023). Animal trafficking and poaching: A global concern. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 11(5), 45–49. https://www.entomoljournal.com/archives/2023/vol11issue5/PartA/11-5-45-197.pdf Cunha, G. B., et al. (2022). Fauna silvestre recebida pelo Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres e encaminhada para o hospital veterinário da Universidade de Brasília. Ciência Animal Brasileira, 23, e-72818. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v23e72818 Destro, G. F. G., et al. (2012). Efforts to combat wild animals trafficking in Brazil. In Biodiversity (Vol. 1, Cap. XX). ISBN 980-953-307-201-7. Duffus, A. L. J., Waltzek, T. B., Stöhr, A. C., Allender, M. C., Gotesman, M., Whittington, R. J., Hick, P., Hines, M. K., & Marschang, R. E. (2015). Distribution and host range of ranaviruses. In M. J. Gray & V. G. Chinchar (Eds.), Ranaviruses: Lethal pathogens of ectothermic vertebrates (pp. 9–57). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20928-9_2 Doukakis, P., Pikitch, E. K., Rothschild, A., DeSalle, R., Amato, G., & Kolokotronis, S.-O. (2012). Testing the effectiveness of an international conservation agreement: Marketplace forensics and CITES caviar trade regulation. PLoS ONE, 7(7), e40907. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040907 Duffy, R. (2016). Security and conservation: The politics of the illegal wildlife trade. Routledge. Financial Action Task Force (FATF). (2020). Money laundering and the illegal wildlife trade. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264313565-en Fischer, M. C., & Garner, T. W. J. (2007). The relationship between the introduction of the American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) and the decline of native amphibians in Brazil. Conservation Biology, 21(6), 1551–1560. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00759.x Freitas, V. P. de, & Freitas, G. P. de. (2006). Crimes contra a natureza: De acordo com a Lei 9.605/98 (8ª ed.). Revista dos Tribunais. Hernandez, E. F. T., & Carvalho, M. S. de. (2006). O tráfico de animais silvestres no Estado do Paraná. Acta Scientiarum: Human and Social Sciences, 28(2), 257–266. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/3073/307324782008.pdf Lima, R. (2007). O tráfico de animais silvestres. In RENCTAS (Ed.), Vida silvestre: O estreito limiar entre preservação e destruição — Diagnóstico do tráfico de animais silvestres na Mata Atlântica: Corredores Central e Serra do Mar (pp. 1–79). Brasília: Dupligráfica. Machado, A. B. M., Drummond, G. M., & Paglia, A. P. (2008). Livro vermelho da fauna brasileira ameaçada de extinção (Vol. 1–2). Fundação Biodiversitas. Maximo, A. B., Lima, L. S., & Almeida, C. O. (2021). Exotic amphibians in the pet trade: Risks of invasion and disease transmission in Brazil. Biological Invasions, 23(6), 1825–1838. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02462-4 Mittermeier, R. A., Fonseca, G. A. B., Rylands, A. B., & Brandon, K. (2005). Uma breve história da conservação da biodiversidade no Brasil. Megadiversidade, 1(1), 14–21. Nascimento, C. A. R., Alves, R. R. N., & Mourão, J. S. (2015). Trends in illegal trade of wild birds in Amazonas state, Brazil. Atualidades Ornitológicas, 126, 14. Oliveira, V. M., Matias, C. A., Rodrigues, D. P., & Siciliano, S. (2012). Wildlife trade in Brazil: A focus on birds. TRAFFIC Bulletin, 24(2), 85–88. Pagano, I. S. A., Sousa, A. E. B. A., Wagner, P. G. C., & Ramos, R. T. C. (2009). Aves depositadas no Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres do IBAMA na Paraíba: Uma amostra do tráfico de aves silvestres no estado. Ornithologia, 3, 132–144. Pereira, G. A., & Brito, M. T. (2005). Diversidade de aves silvestres brasileiras comercializadas nas feiras livres da Região Metropolitana do Recife, Pernambuco. Atualidades Ornitológicas, 126, 14. Rehbein, K. D. S. (2023). Tráfico de animais silvestres: Limites e possibilidades de atuação dos órgãos competentes (Dissertação de mestrado). Universidade de Passo Fundo. Rehbein, K. D. S., Martinez, G., & Prestes, N. C. (2023). O combate ao comércio ilegal de animais silvestres no Brasil. Planeta Amazônia: Revista Internacional de Direito Ambiental e Políticas Públicas, 15, 282–301. https://periodicos.unifap.br/index.php/planeta Ribeiro, L. B., & Silva, M. G. (2007). O comércio ilegal põe em risco a diversidade das aves no Brasil. Ciência e Cultura, 59(4), 20–23. http://cienciaecultura.bvs.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0009-67252007000400002 Ruggeri, J., Ribeiro, L. P., Pontes, M. R., Toffolo, C., Candido, M., Carriero, M. M., Zanella, N., Sousa, R. L. M., & Toledo, L. F. (2019). Discovery of wild amphibians infected with Ranavirus in Brazil. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 55(4), 897–902. https://doi.org/10.7589/2018-10-276 Salati, E., Santos, A. A., & Klabin, I. (2007). Relevant environmental issues. Estudos Avançados, 21(60), 107–127. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-40142007000200008 Scheele, B. C., Pasmans, F., Skerratt, L. F., Berger, L., et al. (2019). Amphibian fungal panzootic causes catastrophic and ongoing loss of biodiversity. Science, 363(6434), 1459–1463. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav0379 Souto, W. M. S., Torres, M. A. R., Sousa, B. F. C. F., Lima, K. G. G. C., Vieira, L. T. S., Pereira, G. A., et al. (2017). Singing for cages: The use and trade of Passeriformes as wild pets in an economic center of the Amazon—NE Brazil route. Tropical Conservation Science, 10, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940082917689895 TRAFFIC. (2014). TRAFFIC Bulletin, 26(2). https://traffic.org/publications/traffic-bulletin/ Zardo, E. L., Behrm, E. R., Macedo, A., Pereira, L. Q., & Lovato, M. (2014). Aves nativas e exóticas mantidas como animais de estimação em Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. Revista Acta Ambiental Catarinense, 11(1), 33–42.

Vegan essen – gesund trainieren – und trotzdem „Zahnprobleme“? In dieser Episode schauen wir evidenzbasiert auf Fluorid, vegane Ernährungsgewohnheiten und die besonderen Belastungen im Sport: Sports Drinks, Smoothies, Mundtrockenheit und häufige Kohlenhydratzufuhr. Du bekommst ein klares Modell, wie Karies und Erosion entstehen, welche Befunde Studien bei Veganer:innen und Athlet:innen zeigen und welche Präventionsmaßnahmen in der Praxis funktionieren.   Korrektur: Im Podcast spricht Dominik von einer Dentalfluorose, die er entwickelt habe durch Fluorid. Dies ist jedoch im Erwachsenenalter nicht mehr möglich. Wahrscheinlicher sind Verfärbungen der Zähne, durch im Tee enthaltene Tannine. Dennoch enthält Tee mitunter große Mengen Fluorid.  ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Dominiks Buch zur pflanzenbasierten Sporternährung im UTB-Verlag: https://www.utb.de/doi/book/10.36198/9783838560328 Dominiks Gesundheitscommunity: www.gsundes-hannover.de Dominiks Online-Knie-Kurs: https://gsundes-hannover.de/knieschmerzen/ Dominiks Online-Rücken-Kurs: https://copecart.com/products/34bd5abb/checkout Marcs veganes Online-Fitness-Coaching: https://vegainer-academy.com/ Marcs Online-Kurs: https://www.copecart.com/products/a50f88f2/checkout ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Dieser Podcast wird unterstützt von der Firma Watson Nutrition. Die Firma bietet als einzige umfassend laborgeprüfte Nahrungsergänzungsmittel für eine optimierte Nährstoffversorgung. Zum Angebot zählen Multi-Supplemente, Mono-Supplemente, Sportsupplemente wie Kreatin oder auch Proteinriegel, Shakes und essenzielle Aminosäuren Mit dem Code veganperformance erhältst du 5 % Rabatt auf deine Bestellung.  Zur Firmenwebseite: Watson Nutrition ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Quellen: Ali, H., & Tahmassebi, J. F. (2014). The effects of smoothies on enamel erosion: An in situ study. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 24(3), 184–191. https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12058 Atarbashi-Moghadam, F., Moallemi-Pour, S., Atarbashi-Moghadam, S., Sijanivandi, S., & Bagherpour, A. A. (2020). Effects of raw vegan diet on periodontal and dental parameters. Tzu Chi Medical Journal, 32(4), 357–361. https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_161_19 Betancur, D., Jara, E. L., Lima, C. A., & Victoriano, M. (2026). Diet type and the oral microbiome. Frontiers in Nutrition, 12, Article 1691952. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1691952 Campana Zamudio, F., Aleman Soto, V. S., Azañedo, D., & Hernández-Vásquez, A. (2025). Prevalence and severity of oral conditions in elite athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dentistry Journal, 13(12), 589. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13120589 Coombes, J. S. (2005). Sports drinks and dental erosion. American Journal of Dentistry, 18(2), 101–104. D'Ercole, S., Tieri, M., Martinelli, D., & Tripodi, D. (2016). The effect of swimming on oral health status: Competitive versus non-competitive athletes. Journal of Applied Oral Science, 24(2), 107–113. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2015-0324 Elorinne, A.-L., Alfthan, G., Erlund, I., Kivimäki, H., Paju, A., Salminen, I., Turpeinen, U., Voutilainen, S., & Laakso, J. (2016). Food and nutrient intake and nutritional status of Finnish vegans and non-vegetarians. PLOS ONE, 11(2), e0148235. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148235 Ehrnsperger, M. G. (2020). Die Erosivität von Smoothies auf die Zahnhartsubstanz (Dissertation). Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Frese, C., Wohlrab, T., Sheng, L., Kieser, M., Krisam, J., Frese, F., & Wolff, D. (2018). Clinical management and prevention of dental caries in athletes: A four-year randomized controlled clinical trial. Scientific Reports, 8, 16991. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34777-x Gallagher, J., Ashley, P., & Needleman, I. (2020). Implementation of a behavioural change intervention to enhance oral health behaviours in elite athletes: A feasibility study. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 6, e000759. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000759 Gallagher, J. (2019). Oral health related behaviours reported by elite and professional athletes. Gallagher, J., & Fine, P. (2026). The value of oral health screening for athletes. Research in Sports Medicine, 34(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2025.2532535 Hansen, T. H., Kern, T., Bak, E. G., Kashani, A., Allin, K. H., Nielsen, T., Hansen, T., & Pedersen, O. (2018). Impact of a vegan diet on the human salivary microbiota. Scientific Reports, 8, 5847. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24207-3 Inchingolo, F., Dipalma, G., Guglielmo, M., Palumbo, I., Campanelli, A. D., Inchingolo, A. D., De Ruvo, E., Palermo, A., Di Venere, D., & Inchingolo, A. M. (2024). Correlation between vegetarian diet and oral health: A systematic review. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 28, 2127–2143. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202403_35716 Mazur, M., Bietolini, S., Bellardini, D., Lussi, A., Corridore, D., Maruotti, A., Ottolenghi, L., Vozza, I., & Guerra, F. (2020). Oral health in a cohort of individuals on a plant-based diet: A pilot study. Clinica Terapeutica, 171(2), e142–e148. https://doi.org/10.7417/CT.2020.2204 Medeiros, T. L. M., Mutran, S. C. A. N., Espinosa, D. G., Faial, K. d. C. F., Pinheiro, H. H. C., & Couto, R. S. D. (2020). Prevalence and risk indicators of non-carious cervical lesions in male footballers. BMC Oral Health, 20, 215. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01200-9 Nebl, J., Schuchardt, J. P., Wasserfurth, P., Haufe, S., Eigendorf, J., Tegtbur, U., & Hahn, A. (2019). Characterization, dietary habits and nutritional intake of omnivorous, lacto-ovo vegetarian and vegan runners – a pilot study. BMC Nutrition, 5, 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-019-0313-8 Needleman, I., Ashley, P., Fine, P., Haddad, F., Loosemore, M., de Medici, A., Donos, N., Newton, T., van Someren, K., Moazzez, R., Jaques, R., Hunter, G., Khan, K., Shimmin, M., Brewer, J., Meehan, L., Mills, S., & Porter, S. (2015). Oral health and elite sport performance. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(1), 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2014-093804 Smits, K. P. J., Listl, S., & Jevdjevic, M. (2020). Vegetarian diet and its possible influence on dental health: A systematic literature review. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 48, 7–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12498 Staufenbiel, I., Weinspach, K., Förster, G., Geurtsen, W., & Günay, H. (2013). Periodontal conditions in vegetarians: A clinical study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67(8), 836–840. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2013.101 Waldmann, A., Koschizke, J. W., Leitzmann, C., & Hahn, A. (2003). Dietary intakes and lifestyle factors of a vegan population in Germany: Results from the German Vegan Study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57, 947–955. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601629 Zotti, F., Laffranchi, L., Fontana, P., Dalessandri, D., & Bonetti, S. (2014). Effects of fluorotherapy on oral changes caused by a vegan diet. Minerva Stomatologica, 63(5), 179–188.

They told us we were gifted. They pulled us from class. They tested us behind covered windows. Now thousands of adults are asking the same question: what was that?

In this episode, we simplify things. We break blood sugar control down into five simple strategies that actually make a difference — without extremes. We share:• Why meal timing matters as much as food quality• How to balance carbohydrates without cutting them out• The difference between glycemic index and glycemic load, and why it matters• Why eating enough is essential for blood sugar control in PCOS• How movement, sleep, nervous system and social factors shape blood sugar every day If you're tired of conflicting advice and feel like you're “doing everything right” but not seeing results, this episode is for you. These are the same foundations we teach inside our 12-week PCOS Recovery Program where we help you turn these principles into real-life habits with education, tools, and bi-weekly coaching support. Our next cohort starts February 18th! Enjoyed the episode? We'd love to hear it! Leave a rating, review and share with a loved one. ReferencesAli M, Reutrakul S, Petersen G, Knutson KL. Associations between Timing and Duration of Eating and Glucose Metabolism: A Nationally Representative Study in the U.S. Nutrients. 2023 Feb 1;15(3):729. doi: 10.3390/nu15030729. PMID: 36771435; PMCID: PMC9919634. Darraj A. The Link Between Sleeping and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2023 Nov 3;15(11):e48228. doi: 10.7759/cureus.48228. PMID: 38050514; PMCID: PMC10693913. Gómez-Ruiz RP, Cabello-Hernández AI, Gómez-Pérez FJ, Gómez-Sámano MÁ. Meal frequency strategies for the management of type 2 diabetes subjects: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2024 Feb 29;19(2):e0298531. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298531. PMID: 38421977; PMCID: PMC10903815. Leung GKW, Huggins CE, Bonham MP. Effect of meal timing on postprandial glucose responses to a low glycemic index meal: A crossover trial in healthy volunteers. Clin Nutr. 2019 Feb;38(1):465-471. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.11.010. Epub 2017 Nov 22. PMID: 29248250. Tsereteli N, Vallat R, Fernandez-Tajes J, Delahanty LM, Ordovas JM, Drew DA, Valdes AM, Segata N, Chan AT, Wolf J, Berry SE, Walker MP, Spector TD, Franks PW. Impact of insufficient sleep on dysregulated blood glucose control under standardised meal conditions. Diabetologia. 2022 Feb;65(2):356-365. doi: 10.1007/s00125-021-05608-y. Epub 2021 Nov 30. PMID: 34845532; PMCID: PMC8741723.

In this episode:  Dr. Jeremy Lucabaugh, Tom Bradshaw, Emi Barresi, Dr. Kim Derryberry, Natasha Desjardines, Nicolas Krueger, LindaAnn Rogers, Rich Cruz   I/O Career Accelerator Course: https://www.seboc.com/job Visit us https://www.seboc.com/ Follow us on LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/sebocLI Join an open-mic event: https://www.seboc.com/events   References Cannon-Bowers, J. A., Bowers, C. A., Carlson, C. E., Doherty, S. L., Evans, J., & Hall, J. (2023). Workplace coaching: a meta-analysis and recommendations for advancing the science of coaching. Frontiers in psychology, 14, 1204166.   Lacerenza, C. N., Reyes, D. L., Marlow, S. L., Joseph, D. L., & Salas, E. (2017). Leadership training design, delivery, and implementation: A meta-analysis. Journal of applied psychology, 102(12), 1686.   Su, W., Lyu, B., & London, M. (2022). Relationships between developmental feedback, intrinsic motivation, and creative personality and performance. Psihologija, 55(1), 25-44.   Womack, V. Y., Wood, C. V., House, S. C., Quinn, S. C., Thomas, S. B., McGee, R., & Byars-Winston, A. (2020). Culturally aware mentorship: Lasting impacts of a novel intervention on academic administrators and faculty. PloS One, 15(8), e0236983. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236983   Malhotra, K., Davitadze, M., & Melson, E. (2024). Mentorship Without Borders: The Transformative Impact on Inclusivity, International Collaborations, and Cross-Cultural Competence. Academic Medicine, 99(6), e20–e21. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000005531

We have learned a lot about extended spectrum coverage of prophylactic antibiotics for cesarean section. The landmark C/SOAP trial randomized 2,013 women undergoing nonelective cesarean delivery to azithromycin 500 mg IV plus standard prophylaxis versus placebo, demonstrating a 51% reduction in the composite outcome of endometritis, wound infection, or other infection. Adjuvant Zmax (plus standard first-generation cephalosporin) is now recognized as evidence-based antibiotic coverage for intrapartum cesarean, cesarean with ruptured membranes, and patients with obesity. This last patient characteristic comes from the ERAS latest update. But what is ZMAX is not available? Is there an evidence-based peri-op alternative in these cases? Does Gent and Clinda cover mycoplasma/Ureaplasma? What about postop flagyl? Listen in for details. 1. Tita AT, Szychowski JM, Boggess K, et al. Adjunctive Azithromycin Prophylaxis for Cesarean Delivery. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2016. 2. Yang M, Yuan F, Guo Y, Wang S. Efficacy of Adding Azithromycin to Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Caesarean Delivery: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 2022. 2. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 199: Use of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Labor and Delivery. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2018. Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics 3. Martingano D, Nguyen A, Nkeih C, Singh S, Mitrofanova A. Clarithromycin Use for Adjunct Surgical Prophylaxis Before Non-Elective Cesarean Deliveries to Adapt to Azithromycin Shortages in COVID-19 Pandemic. PloS One. 2020. 4. Valent AM, DeArmond C, Houston JM, et al. Effect of Post–Cesarean Delivery Oral Cephalexin and Metronidazole on Surgical Site Infection Among Obese Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial. The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2017. 5. Wood, G. E., et al. "In Vitro Susceptibility of Mycoplasma genitalium to Nitroimidazoles." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 6. https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/mycoplasmagenitalium.htm

In this solo episode, Darin dives into one of the most universal modern experiences: the feeling that time is accelerating. Drawing from neuroscience, psychology, cognitive science, and lived experience, he breaks down why time doesn't actually speed up, but our experience of it radically changes. From the impact of digital distraction and divided attention to the way novelty, memory, aging, and even COVID reshaped our internal sense of time, this episode offers both clarity and agency. Darin shows how reclaiming attention, breaking monotony, and creating richer experiences can give us the feeling of having our time back.     What You'll Learn Why time measured by a clock is different from time experienced by the brain How attention, memory, and emotion construct subjective time Why boredom feels slow while flow states feel fast How novelty creates richer memories and longer-feeling lives The role of routine and monotony in time compression How digital technology fragments attention and erases memory Why social media scrolling makes time disappear without satisfaction How COVID disrupted temporal landmarks and distorted time perception Why time feels faster as we age The neuroscience behind memory density and perceived duration Whether time itself is an illusion or a constructed experience Practical ways to slow down your experience of time How breaking routine restores a sense of fullness and presence Why life is measured in experiences, not seconds     Chapters 00:00:03 – Welcome to SuperLife and the exploration of time 00:00:32 – Sponsor: TheraSage and frequency-based healing 00:02:16 – Why time feels like it's speeding up 00:03:07 – Measured time vs experienced time 00:03:39 – Subjective time and how the brain constructs duration 00:04:38 – Boredom, flow, and why time feels slow or fast 00:05:20 – Memory density and time compression 00:05:42 – Clock models vs attention and memory models 00:06:13 – Novelty, travel, and rich experiences 00:06:34 – Routine, repetition, and unremarkable days 00:07:21 – Divided attention and disappearing moments 00:07:56 – The digital shift and fragmented attention post-2000 00:08:30 – Micro-stimulation and wasted time 00:09:12 – Why scrolling doesn't equal flow 00:09:46 – Social acceleration and modern life 00:10:25 – COVID as a global experiment in time perception 00:10:55 – Loss of temporal landmarks during lockdown 00:11:57 – Sponsor: Caldera Lab and clean skincare 00:13:39 – Research on monotony and time compression 00:14:40 – Aging, fewer neural events, and faster time 00:15:30 – Childhood vs adulthood time perception 00:16:22 – Is time real or constructed? 00:16:57 – Physics, relativity, and subjective experience 00:17:56 – How to slow down your experience of time 00:18:12 – Novelty, adventure, and memory creation 00:19:00 – Sustained attention vs multitasking 00:19:37 – Breaking monotony in daily life 00:20:06 – Reducing digital distraction 00:20:25 – Enjoying life as a scientific practice 00:20:49 – Time as memory, not seconds 00:21:08 – Gaining agency over your experience of life 00:21:29 – Creating a richer year through experience 00:22:10 – Curiosity, adventure, and Darin's fascination with time 00:23:27 – Closing thoughts and call to action     Thank You to Our Sponsors Therasage: Go to www.therasage.com and use code DARIN at checkout for 15% off Caldera Lab: Experience the clinically proven benefits of Caldera Lab's clean skincare regimen and enjoy 20% off your order by visiting calderalab.com/darin and using code DARIN at checkout.     Join the SuperLife Community Get Darin's deeper wellness breakdowns — beyond social media restrictions: Weekly voice notes Ingredient deep dives Wellness challenges Energy + consciousness tools Community accountability Extended episodes Join for $7.49/month → https://patreon.com/darinolien     Find More from Darin Olien: Instagram: @darinolien Podcast: SuperLife Podcast Website: superlife.com Book: Fatal Conveniences     Key Takeaway Time isn't speeding up — your brain is compressing it. When you change how you pay attention and what you experience, you change how long your life feels.     Bibliography & Research Sources Droit-Volet, S., Gil, S., Martinelli, N., Andant, N., Clinchamps, M., Parreira, L., ... & Dutheil, F. (2020). Time paradox in COVID-19 lockdown: A web-based study. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2185. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.577735 Lugtmeijer, S., Geerligs, L., & Cam-CAN. (2025). Temporal dedifferentiation of neural states with age during naturalistic viewing. Communications Biology, 8, Article 123. (This is the "2025 brain study" on older adults having fewer distinct neural states). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08792-4 Ma, Q., & Wiener, M. (2024). Memorability shapes perceived time (and vice versa). Nature Human Behaviour, 8, 1–13. (The study showing memorable images dilate time). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-01863-2 Matthews, W. J., & Meck, W. H. (2016). Temporal cognition: Connecting subjective time to perception, attention, and memory. Psychological Bulletin, 142(8), 865–907. (The core review often attributed to leading field researchers linking time to attention/memory). https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000045 Ogden, R. S. (2020). The passage of time during the UK Covid-19 lockdown. PLOS ONE, 15(7), e0235871. (The longitudinal study showing 80%+ reported time distortion). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235871 Rosa, H. (2013). Social acceleration: A new theory of modernity. Columbia University Press. (The sociological framework on "social acceleration"). https://cup.columbia.edu/book/social-acceleration/9780231148344 Wearden, J. H. (2016). The psychology of time perception. Palgrave Macmillan. (Comprehensive overview by the author mentioned in your notes). https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-40883-9 Winkler, I., et al. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on time perception. Scientific Reports. (Likely reference for "Scientific Reports" findings on content-dependent timing).  

Cold plunges are everywhere, and the way people talk about them, you'd think they're a miracle cure for your brain, body, and soul. But in an age of algorithm-fueled evangelism, when a ritual becomes this ubiquitous and loud, we have to ask: how much of the buzz is backed by science… and how much is just marketing? In this episode, we explore the neuroscience of cold exposure: what's real, what's overstated, and why this "discomfort" has become a billion-dollar industry. We discuss: Why cold plunges went viral, and how wellness movements often devolve into identity-driven cultures The difference between cold exposure itself and the monetized "cold plunge movement" What constitutes a "cult" (and how pseudoscience forms around partial truths) The real physiological cold shock response Why the mental "high" after a plunge doesn't automatically equal long-term brain benefit The cardiovascular risks that rarely get discussed, especially for people with underlying heart disease What the research suggests about soreness, pain reduction, and muscle growth (including why cold immersion can blunt hypertrophy) The real story behind brown fat Who should avoid cold plunges altogether (asthma, arrhythmias, coronary disease, vascular conditions) Joining us for this conversation is investigative journalist and bestselling author Scott Carney (What Doesn't Kill Us, The Wedge), who has spent years inside the cold exposure world, first as a skeptic, then as a believer, and eventually as a critic of the culture that formed around it. His work reveals what happens when discomfort becomes identity, and when unfounded "social media science" outruns real science. Your Brain On... is hosted by neurologists, scientists, and public health advocates Drs. Ayesha and Dean Sherzai. SUPPORTED BY: the 2026 NEURO World Retreat. A 5-day journey through science, nature, and community, on the California coastline: neuroworldretreat.com Your Brain On... Cold Plunges • SEASON 6 • EPISODE 7 REFERENCES Cold Water Immersion, Muscle Adaptation, and Recovery Roberts, L. A., Raastad, T., Markworth, J. F., Figueiredo, V. C., Egner, I. M., Shield, A., Cameron-Smith, D., Coombes, J. S., & Peake, J. M. (2015). Post-exercise cold water immersion attenuates acute anabolic signalling and long-term adaptations in muscle to strength training. Journal of Physiology, 593(18), 4285–4301. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP270570 Bleakley, C. M., McDonough, S. M., & MacAuley, D. C. (2004). The use of ice in the treatment of acute soft-tissue injury: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 32(1), 251–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546503260757 Leeder, J., Gissane, C., van Someren, K., Gregson, W., & Howatson, G. (2012). Cold water immersion and recovery from strenuous exercise: A meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 46(4), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2011-090061 White, G. E., & Wells, G. D. (2013). Cold-water immersion and other forms of cryotherapy: Physiological changes potentially affecting recovery from high-intensity exercise. Sports Medicine, 43(8), 695–706. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0055-8 Kellmann, M., Bertollo, M., Bosquet, L., Brink, M., Coutts, A. J., Duffield, R., Erlacher, D., Halson, S. L., Hecksteden, A., Heidari, J., Kölling, S., Meyer, T., Mujika, I., Robazza, C., Skorski, S., Venter, R., & Beckmann, J. (2018). Recovery and performance in sport: Consensus statement. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 13(2), 240–245. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0759 Inflammation, Pain, and Perceived Recovery Hohenauer, E., Taeymans, J., Baeyens, J. P., Clarys, P., & Clijsen, R. (2015). The effect of post-exercise cryotherapy on recovery characteristics: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 10(9), e0139028. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139028 Costello, J. T., Culligan, K., Selfe, J., & Donnelly, A. E. (2012). Muscle, skin and core temperature after –110°C cold air and 8°C water treatment. PLoS ONE, 7(11), e48190. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048190 Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) – Human Imaging & Metabolism van Marken Lichtenbelt, W. D., Vanhommerig, J. W., Smulders, N. M., Drossaerts, J. M., Kemerink, G. J., Bouvy, N. D., Schrauwen, P., & Teule, G. J. (2009). Cold-activated brown adipose tissue in healthy men. New England Journal of Medicine, 360(15), 1500–1508. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0808718 Virtanen, K. A., Lidell, M. E., Orava, J., Heglind, M., Westergren, R., Niemi, T., Taittonen, M., Laine, J., Savisto, N. J., Enerbäck, S., & Nuutila, P. (2009). Functional brown adipose tissue in healthy adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 360(15), 1518–1525. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0808949 Betz, M. J., & Enerbäck, S. (2015). Human brown adipose tissue: What we have learned so far. Diabetes, 64(7), 2352–2360. https://doi.org/10.2337/db15-0146 Autonomic Nervous System, HRV, and Cold Exposure Mourot, L., Bouhaddi, M., Regnard, J., Tordi, N., & Rouillon, J. D. (2008). Cardiac autonomic control during short-term exposure to cold water in humans. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 104(3), 541–547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-008-0810-3 Janský, L., Pospíšilová, D., Honzová, S., Uličný, B., Šrámek, P., Zeman, V., & Kamínková, J. (1996). Immune system of cold-exposed and cold-adapted humans. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 72(5–6), 445–450. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00242276 Cardiovascular Stress and Cold Shock Tipton, M. J., Collier, N., Massey, H., Corbett, J., & Harper, M. (2017). Cold water immersion: Kill or cure? Experimental Physiology, 102(11), 1335–1355. https://doi.org/10.1113/EP086283 Tipton, M. J., & Bradford, C. (2014). Cold water immersion and cold shock response. Extreme Physiology & Medicine, 3(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-7648-3-7 Whole-Body Cryotherapy (Distinct From Cold Plunges) Costello, J. T., Baker, P. R., Minett, G. M., Bieuzen, F., Stewart, I. B., & Bleakley, C. (2015). Whole-body cryotherapy (extreme cold air exposure) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2015(9), CD010789. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010789.pub2 LINKS Scott Carney's website: https://www.scottcarney.com/ FOLLOW US Join NEURO World: https://neuro.world/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thebraindocs YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/thebraindocs More info and episodes: TheBrainDocs.com/Podcast

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Studie zeigt, wie stark sexuelle Lust von Geschlecht, Alter und Kindern abhängt +++ Der Tod von Haustieren kann trauriger machen als der Tod eines Menschen +++ Spinnen-Netze sind ein genetischer Zufall +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Update-Erde-Folge: Was das Mercosur-Abkommen für Umwelt und Klima bedeutetAssociations of Sexual Desire with Demographic and Relationship Variables, Scientific Reports, 05.01.2026No pets allowed: Evidence that prolonged grief disorder can occur following the death of a pet, Plos One, 14.01.2026An ancient genome duplication event drives the development and evolution of spinnerets in spiders, 14.01.2026Training large language models on narrow tasks can lead to broad misalignment, Nature, 14.01.2026Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

Ellen gives the Tasmanian devil his due. We discuss mythbusters, cranial real estate, the masculine urge to bite your fingers off, which came first: the chicken or the egg, dump stats, contagious cancer, and so much more. Works Cited:"Too hot for the devil? Did climate change cause the mid-Holocene extinction of the Tasmanian devil Sarcophilus harrisii from mainland Australia?" - Shane D. Morris et al., Ecography, Dec 2021"Holocene Demographic Changes and the Emergence of Complex Societies in Prehistoric Australia" - Alan N. Williams et al., PLOS One, June 2015"Bite club: comparative bite force in big biting mammals and the prediction of predatory behaviour in fossil taxa" - Stephen Wroe, Colin McHenry & Jeffrey Thomason, Proc Biol Sci, March 2005"Saving our darling devils", Esme Mathis, Australian Geographic, January 2026Links:For more information about us & our podcast, head over to our website!Follow Just the Zoo of Us on BlueSky, Facebook, Instagram & Discord!Follow Ellen on Instagram or BlueSky! 

Ellen gives the Tasmanian devil his due. We discuss mythbusters, cranial real estate, the masculine urge to bite your fingers off, which came first: the chicken or the egg, dump stats, contagious cancer, and so much more. Works Cited:"Too hot for the devil? Did climate change cause the mid-Holocene extinction of the Tasmanian devil Sarcophilus harrisii from mainland Australia?" - Shane D. Morris et al., Ecography, Dec 2021"Holocene Demographic Changes and the Emergence of Complex Societies in Prehistoric Australia" - Alan N. Williams et al., PLOS One, June 2015"Bite club: comparative bite force in big biting mammals and the prediction of predatory behaviour in fossil taxa" - Stephen Wroe, Colin McHenry & Jeffrey Thomason, Proc Biol Sci, March 2005"Saving our darling devils", Esme Mathis, Australian Geographic, January 2026Links:For more information about us & our podcast, head over to our website!Follow Just the Zoo of Us on BlueSky, Facebook, Instagram & Discord!Follow Ellen on Instagram or BlueSky! 

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Tyrannosaurus wuchs flexibel +++ Wer haftet für Missbrauchsdarstellungen von Kindern durch KI? +++ Pferde reagieren auf unseren Angstschweiß +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Prolonged growth and extended subadult development in the Tyrannosaurus rex species complex revealed by expanded histological sampling and statistical modeling/ PeerJ, 14.01.2026Criminal Liability of Generative Artificial Intelligence Providers for User-Generated Child Sexual Abuse Material/ Arxiv, 07.01.2026Human emotional odours influence horses' behaviour and physiology/ PLOS One, 14.01.2025Genome Shows no Recent Inbreeding in Near-Extinction Woolly Rhinoceros Sample Found in Ancient Wolf's Stomach/ Genome Biology and Evolution, 14.01.2026Disease tolerance and infection pathogenesis age-related tradeoffs in mice/ Nature, 14.01.2026Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

Discussion of things literally or figuratively unearthed in the last quarter of 2025 continues. It begins with potpourri then covers tools, Neanderthals, edibles and potables, art, shipwrecks, medical finds, and repatriations. Research: Abdallah, Hanna. “Famous Easter Island statues were created without centralized management.” PLOS. Via EurekAlert. 11/26/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1106805 Abdallah, Hannah. “Early humans butchered elephants using small tools and made big tools from their bones.” PLOS. Via EurekAlert. 10/8/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100481 Abdallah, Hannah. “Researchers uncover clues to mysterious origin of famous Hjortspring boat.” EurekAlert. 10/12/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1108323 Archaeology Magazine. “Medieval Hoard of Silver and Pearls Discovered in Sweden.” https://archaeology.org/news/2025/10/14/medieval-hoard-of-silver-and-pearls-discovered-in-sweden/ Archaeology Magazine. “Possible Trepanation Tool Unearthed in Poland.” 11/13/2025. https://archaeology.org/news/2025/11/13/possible-trepanation-tool-unearthed-in-poland/ Arkeologerna. “Rare 5,000-year-old dog burial unearthed in Sweden.” 12/15/2025. https://news.cision.com/se/arkeologerna/r/rare-5-000-year-old-dog-burial-unearthed-in-sweden,c4282014 Arnold, Paul. “Ancient ochre crayons from Crimea reveal Neanderthals engaged in symbolic behaviors.” Phys.org. 10/30/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-ancient-ochre-crayons-crimea-reveal.html Arnold, Paul. “Dating a North American rock art tradition that lasted 175 generations.” Phys.org. 11/28/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-11-dating-north-american-art-tradition.html Bassi, Margherita. “A Single Gene Could Have Contributed to Neanderthals’ Extinction, Study Suggests.” Smithsonian. 10/30/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/a-neanderthal-gene-variant-related-to-red-blood-cells-may-have-contributed-to-their-extinction-180987586/ Benjamin Pohl, Chewing over the Norman Conquest: the Bayeux Tapestry as monastic mealtime reading, Historical Research, 2025;, htaf029, https://doi.org/10.1093/hisres/htaf029 Benzine, Vittoria. “Decoded Hieroglyphics Reveal Female Ruler of Ancient Maya City.” ArtNet. 10/27/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/foundation-stone-maya-coba-woman-ruler-2704521 Berdugo, Sophie. “Easter Island statues may have 'walked' thanks to 'pendulum dynamics' and with as few as 15 people, study finds.” LiveScience. 10/19/2025. https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/easter-island-statues-may-have-walked-thanks-to-pendulum-dynamics-and-with-as-few-as-15-people-study-finds Billing, Lotte. “Fingerprint of ancient seafarer found on Scandinavia’s oldest plank boat.” EurekAlert. 10/12/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1109361 Brhel, John. “Rats played major role in Easter Island’s deforestation, study reveals.” EurekAlert. 11/17/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1106361 Caldwell, Elizabeth. “9 more individuals unearthed at Oaklawn could be 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre victims.” Tulsa Public Radio. 11/6/2025. https://www.publicradiotulsa.org/local-regional/2025-11-06/9-more-individuals-unearthed-at-oaklawn-could-be-1921-tulsa-race-massacre-victims Clark, Gaby. “Bayeux Tapestry could have been originally designed as mealtime reading for medieval monks.” Phys.org. 12/15/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-12-bayeux-tapestry-mealtime-medieval-monks.html#google_vignette Cohen, Alina. “Ancient Olive Oil Processing Complex Unearthed in Tunisia.” Artnet. 11/21/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/ancient-olive-oil-complex-tunisia-2717795 Cohen, Alina. “MFA Boston Restores Ownership of Historic Works by Enslaved Artist.” ArtNet. 10/30/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/mfa-boston-david-drake-jars-restitution-2706594 Fergusson, Rachel. “First DNA evidence of Black Death in Edinburgh discovered on teeth of excavated teenage skeleton.” The Scotsman. 11/5/2025. https://www.scotsman.com/news/first-dna-evidence-black-death-edinburgh-discovered-teeth-excavated-teenage-skeleton-5387741 Folorunso, Caleb et al. “MOWAA Archaeology Project: Enhancing Understanding of Benin City’s Historic Urban Development and Heritage through Pre-Construction Archaeology.” Antiquity (2025): 1–10. Web. Griffith University. “Rare stone tool cache tells story of trade and ingenuity.” 12/2/2025. https://news.griffith.edu.au/2025/12/02/rare-stone-tool-cache-tells-story-of-trade-and-ingenuity/ Han, Yu et al. “The late arrival of domestic cats in China via the Silk Road after 3,500 years of human-leopard cat commensalism.” Cell Genomics, Volume 0, Issue 0, 101099. https://www.cell.com/cell-genomics/fulltext/S2666-979X(25)00355-6 Hashemi, Sara. “A Volcanic Eruption in 1345 May Have Triggered a Chain of Events That Brought the Black Death to Europe.” Smithsonian. 12/8/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/a-volcanic-eruption-in-1345-may-have-triggered-a-chain-of-events-taht-brought-the-black-death-to-europe-180987803/ Hjortkjær, Simon Thinggaard. “Mysterious signs on Teotihuacan murals may reveal an early form of Uto-Aztecan language.” PhysOrg. 10/6/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-mysterious-teotihuacan-murals-reveal-early.html Institut Pasteur. “Study suggests two unsuspected pathogens struck Napoleon's army during the retreat from Russia in 1812.” Via EurekAlert. 10/24/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1102613 Jones, Sam. “Shells found in Spain could be among oldest known musical instruments.” The Guardian. 12/2/2025. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2025/dec/02/neolithic-conch-like-shell-spain-catalonia-discovery-musical-instruments Kasal, Krystal. “Pahon Cave provides a look into 5,000 years of surprisingly stable Stone Age tool use.” Phys.org. 12/16/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-12-pahon-cave-years-stable-stone.html Kristiansen, Nina. “Eight pages bound in furry seal skin may be Norway's oldest book.” Science Norway. 11/3/2025. https://www.sciencenorway.no/cultural-history-culture-history/eight-pages-bound-in-furry-seal-skin-may-be-norways-oldest-book/2571496 Kuta, Sarah. “109-Year-Old Messages in a Bottle Written by Soldiers Heading to Fight in World War I Discovered on Australian Beach.” Smithsonian. 11/6/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/109-year-old-messages-in-a-bottle-written-by-soldiers-heading-to-fight-in-world-war-i-discovered-on-australian-beach-180987649/ Kuta, Sarah. “A Storm Battered Western Alaska, Scattering Thousands of Indigenous Artifacts Across the Sand.” Smithsonian. 10/31/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/a-storm-battered-western-alaska-scattering-thousands-of-indigenous-artifacts-across-the-sand-180987606/ Kuta, Sarah. “Archaeologists Unearth More Than 100 Projectiles From an Iconic Battlefield in Scotland.” Smithsonian. 11/5/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/archaeologists-unearth-more-than-100-projectiles-from-an-iconic-battlefield-in-scotland-180987641/ Kuta, Sarah. “Hundreds of Mysterious Victorian-Era Shoes Are Washing Up on a Beach in Wales. Nobody Knows Where They Came From.” Smithsonian. 1/5/2026. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/hundreds-of-mysterious-victorian-era-shoes-are-washing-up-on-a-beach-in-wales-nobody-knows-where-they-came-from-180987943/ Lawson-Tancred, Jo. “Golden ‘Tudor Heart’ Necklace Sheds New Light on Henry VIII’s First Marriage.” Artnet. 10/14/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/tudor-heart-pendant-british-museum-fundraiser-2699544 Lawson-Tancred, Jo. “Long-Overlooked Black Veteran Identified in Rare 19th-Century Portrait.” ArtNet. 10/27/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/black-veteran-thomas-phillips-portrait-identified-2704721 Lipo CP, Hunt TL, Pakarati G, Pingel T, Simmons N, Heard K, et al. (2025) Megalithic statue (moai) production on Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile). PLoS One 20(11): e0336251. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0336251 Lipo, Carl P. and Terry L. Hunt. “The walking moai hypothesis: Archaeological evidence, experimental validation, and response to critics.” Journal of Archaeological Science. Volume 183, November 2025, 106383. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305440325002328 Lock, Lisa. “Pre-construction archaeology reveals Benin City's historic urban development and heritage.” 10/29/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-pre-archaeology-reveals-benin-city.html#google_vignette Lock, Lisa. “Pre-construction archaeology reveals Benin City's historic urban development and heritage.” Antiquity. Via PhysOrg. 10/29/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-pre-archaeology-reveals-benin-city.html#google_vignette Lynley A. Wallis et al, An exceptional assemblage of archaeological plant fibres from Windmill Way, southeast Cape York Peninsula, Australian Archaeology (2025). DOI: 10.1080/03122417.2025.2574127 Lyon, Devyn. “Oaklawn Cemetery excavation brings investigators closer to identifying Tulsa Race Massacre victims.” Fox 23. 11/6/2025. https://www.fox23.com/news/oaklawn-cemetery-excavation-brings-investigators-closer-to-identifying-tulsa-race-massacre-victims/article_67c3a6b7-2acc-44cb-93ce-3d3d0c288eca.html Marquard, Bryan. “Bob Shumway, last known survivor of the deadly Cocoanut Grove nightclub fire, dies at 101.” 11/12/2025. https://www.bostonglobe.com/2025/11/12/metro/bob-shumway-101-dies-was-last-known-cocoanut-grove-fire-survivor/?event=event12 Marta Osypińska et al, A centurion's monkey? Companion animals for the social elite in an Egyptian port on the fringes of the Roman Empire in the 1st and 2nd c. CE, Journal of Roman Archaeology (2025). DOI: 10.1017/s1047759425100445 Merrington, Andrew. “Extensive dog diversity millennia before modern breeding practices.” University of Exeter. 11/13/2025. https://news.exeter.ac.uk/faculty-of-humanities-arts-and-social-sciences/archaeology-and-history/extensive-dog-diversity-millennia-before-modern-breeding-practices/ Morris, Steven. “Linguists start compiling first ever complete dictionary of ancient Celtic.” The Guardian. 12/8/2025. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2025/dec/08/linguists-start-compiling-first-ever-complete-dictionary-of-ancient-celtic Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. “Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Resolves Ownership of Works by Enslaved Artist David Drake.” 10/29/2025. https://www.mfa.org/press-release/david-drake-ownership-resolution Narcity. “Niagara has a 107-year-old shipwreck lodged above the Falls and it just moved.” https://www.narcity.com/niagara-falls-shipwreck-iron-scow-moved-closer-to-the-falls Newcomb, Tim. “A 76-Year-Old Man Went On a Hike—and Stumbled Upon a 1,500-Year Old Trap.” Popular Mechanics. 11/21/2025. https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/archaeology/a69441460/reindeer-trap/ Nordin, Gunilla. “Ancient wolves on remote Baltic Sea island reveal link to prehistoric humans.” Stockholm University. Via EurekAlert. 11/24/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1106807 Oster, Sandee. “DNA confirms modern Bo people are descendants of ancient Hanging Coffin culture.” Phys.org. 12/6/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-12-dna-modern-bo-people-descendants.html Oster, Sandee. “Rare disease possibly identified in 12th century child's skeletal remains.” PhysOrg. 10/10/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-rare-disease-possibly-12th-century.html Osuh, Chris and Geneva Abdul. “Lost grave of daughter of Black abolitionist Olaudah Equiano found by A-level student.” The Guardian. 11/1/2025. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/nov/01/lost-grave-daughter-black-abolitionist-olaudah-equiano-found-by-a-level-student Silvia Albizuri et al, The oldest mule in the western Mediterranean. The case of the Early Iron Age in Hort d'en Grimau (Penedès, Barcelona, Spain), Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports (2026). DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105506 Skok, Phoebe. “Ancient shipwrecks rewrite the story of Iron Age trade.” PhysOrg. 10/14/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-ancient-shipwrecks-rewrite-story-iron.html The History Blog. “600-year-old Joseon ship recovered from seabed.” 11/15/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/74652 The History Blog. “Ancient pleasure barge found off Alexandria coast.” 12/9/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/74860 The History Blog. “Charred Byzantine bread loves stamped with Christian imagery found in Turkey.” 10/13/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/74352 The History Blog. “Early medieval silver treasure found in Stockholm.” 10/12/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/74343 The History Blog. “Roman amphora with sardines found in Switzerland.” 12/15/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/74904 The Straits Times. “Wreck of ancient Malay vessel discovered on Pulau Melaka.” 10/31/2025. https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/wreck-of-ancient-malay-vessel-discovered-on-pulau-melaka Thompson, Sarah. “The forgotten daughter: Eliza Monroe Hay’s story revealed in her last letters.” W&M News. 9/30/2025. https://news.wm.edu/2025/09/30/the-forgotten-daughter-eliza-monroes-story-revealed-in-her-last-letters/ Tuhkuri, Jukka. “Why Did Endurance Sink?” Polar Record 61 (2025): e23. Web. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/polar-record/article/why-did-endurance-sink/6CC2C2D56087035A94DEB50930B81980 Universitat de Valencia. “The victims of the Pompeii eruption wore heavy wool cloaks and tunics, suggesting different environmental conditions in summer.” 12/3/2025. https://www.uv.es/uvweb/uv-news/en/news/victims-pompeii-eruption-wore-heavy-wool-cloaks-tunics-suggesting-different-environmental-conditions-summer-1285973304159/Novetat.html?id=1286464337848&plantilla=UV_Noticies/Page/TPGDetaillNews University of Glasgow. “Archaeologists recover hundreds of Jacobite projectiles in unexplored area of Culloden.” 10/30/2025. https://www.gla.ac.uk/news/headline_1222736_en.html University of Vienna. “Neanderthal DNA reveals ancient long-distance migrations.” 10/29/2025. https://www.univie.ac.at/en/news/detail/neanderthal-dna-reveals-ancient-long-distance-migrations Zhou, H., Tao, L., Zhao, Y. et al. Exploration of hanging coffin customs and the bo people in China through comparative genomics. Nat Commun 16, 10230 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65264-3 Zinin, Andrew. “Ancient humans mastered fire-making 400,000 years ago, study shows.” Phys.org. 10/10/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-12-ancient-humans-mastered-years.html See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The show's coverage of things literally or figuratively unearthed in the last quarter of 2025 begins with updates, books and letters, animals, and just one exhumation. Research: Abdallah, Hanna. “Famous Easter Island statues were created without centralized management.” PLOS. Via EurekAlert. 11/26/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1106805 Abdallah, Hannah. “Early humans butchered elephants using small tools and made big tools from their bones.” PLOS. Via EurekAlert. 10/8/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100481 Abdallah, Hannah. “Researchers uncover clues to mysterious origin of famous Hjortspring boat.” EurekAlert. 10/12/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1108323 Archaeology Magazine. “Medieval Hoard of Silver and Pearls Discovered in Sweden.” https://archaeology.org/news/2025/10/14/medieval-hoard-of-silver-and-pearls-discovered-in-sweden/ Archaeology Magazine. “Possible Trepanation Tool Unearthed in Poland.” 11/13/2025. https://archaeology.org/news/2025/11/13/possible-trepanation-tool-unearthed-in-poland/ “Rare 5,000-year-old dog burial unearthed in Sweden.” 12/15/2025. https://news.cision.com/se/arkeologerna/r/rare-5-000-year-old-dog-burial-unearthed-in-sweden,c4282014 Arnold, Paul. “Ancient ochre crayons from Crimea reveal Neanderthals engaged in symbolic behaviors.” Phys.org. 10/30/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-ancient-ochre-crayons-crimea-reveal.html Arnold, Paul. “Dating a North American rock art tradition that lasted 175 generations.” Phys.org. 11/28/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-11-dating-north-american-art-tradition.html Bassi, Margherita. “A Single Gene Could Have Contributed to Neanderthals’ Extinction, Study Suggests.” Smithsonian. 10/30/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/a-neanderthal-gene-variant-related-to-red-blood-cells-may-have-contributed-to-their-extinction-180987586/ Benjamin Pohl, Chewing over the Norman Conquest: the Bayeux Tapestry as monastic mealtime reading, Historical Research, 2025;, htaf029, https://doi.org/10.1093/hisres/htaf029 Benzine, Vittoria. “Decoded Hieroglyphics Reveal Female Ruler of Ancient Maya City.” ArtNet. 10/27/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/foundation-stone-maya-coba-woman-ruler-2704521 Berdugo, Sophie. “Easter Island statues may have 'walked' thanks to 'pendulum dynamics' and with as few as 15 people, study finds.” LiveScience. 10/19/2025. https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/easter-island-statues-may-have-walked-thanks-to-pendulum-dynamics-and-with-as-few-as-15-people-study-finds Billing, Lotte. “Fingerprint of ancient seafarer found on Scandinavia’s oldest plank boat.” EurekAlert. 10/12/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1109361 Brhel, John. “Rats played major role in Easter Island’s deforestation, study reveals.” EurekAlert. 11/17/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1106361 Caldwell, Elizabeth. “9 more individuals unearthed at Oaklawn could be 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre victims.” Tulsa Public Radio. 11/6/2025. https://www.publicradiotulsa.org/local-regional/2025-11-06/9-more-individuals-unearthed-at-oaklawn-could-be-1921-tulsa-race-massacre-victims Clark, Gaby. “Bayeux Tapestry could have been originally designed as mealtime reading for medieval monks.” Phys.org. 12/15/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-12-bayeux-tapestry-mealtime-medieval-monks.html#google_vignette Cohen, Alina. “Ancient Olive Oil Processing Complex Unearthed in Tunisia.” Artnet. 11/21/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/ancient-olive-oil-complex-tunisia-2717795 Cohen, Alina. “MFA Boston Restores Ownership of Historic Works by Enslaved Artist.” ArtNet. 10/30/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/mfa-boston-david-drake-jars-restitution-2706594 Fergusson, Rachel. “First DNA evidence of Black Death in Edinburgh discovered on teeth of excavated teenage skeleton.” The Scotsman. 11/5/2025. https://www.scotsman.com/news/first-dna-evidence-black-death-edinburgh-discovered-teeth-excavated-teenage-skeleton-5387741 Folorunso, Caleb et al. “MOWAA Archaeology Project: Enhancing Understanding of Benin City’s Historic Urban Development and Heritage through Pre-Construction Archaeology.” Antiquity (2025): 1–10. Web. Griffith University. “Rare stone tool cache tells story of trade and ingenuity.” 12/2/2025. https://news.griffith.edu.au/2025/12/02/rare-stone-tool-cache-tells-story-of-trade-and-ingenuity/ Han, Yu et al. “The late arrival of domestic cats in China via the Silk Road after 3,500 years of human-leopard cat commensalism.” Cell Genomics, Volume 0, Issue 0, 101099. https://www.cell.com/cell-genomics/fulltext/S2666-979X(25)00355-6 Hashemi, Sara. “A Volcanic Eruption in 1345 May Have Triggered a Chain of Events That Brought the Black Death to Europe.” Smithsonian. 12/8/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/a-volcanic-eruption-in-1345-may-have-triggered-a-chain-of-events-taht-brought-the-black-death-to-europe-180987803/ Hjortkjær, Simon Thinggaard. “Mysterious signs on Teotihuacan murals may reveal an early form of Uto-Aztecan language.” PhysOrg. 10/6/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-mysterious-teotihuacan-murals-reveal-early.html Institut Pasteur. “Study suggests two unsuspected pathogens struck Napoleon's army during the retreat from Russia in 1812.” Via EurekAlert. 10/24/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1102613 Jones, Sam. “Shells found in Spain could be among oldest known musical instruments.” The Guardian. 12/2/2025. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2025/dec/02/neolithic-conch-like-shell-spain-catalonia-discovery-musical-instruments Kasal, Krystal. “Pahon Cave provides a look into 5,000 years of surprisingly stable Stone Age tool use.” Phys.org. 12/16/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-12-pahon-cave-years-stable-stone.html Kristiansen, Nina. “Eight pages bound in furry seal skin may be Norway's oldest book.” Science Norway. 11/3/2025. https://www.sciencenorway.no/cultural-history-culture-history/eight-pages-bound-in-furry-seal-skin-may-be-norways-oldest-book/2571496 Kuta, Sarah. “109-Year-Old Messages in a Bottle Written by Soldiers Heading to Fight in World War I Discovered on Australian Beach.” Smithsonian. 11/6/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/109-year-old-messages-in-a-bottle-written-by-soldiers-heading-to-fight-in-world-war-i-discovered-on-australian-beach-180987649/ Kuta, Sarah. “A Storm Battered Western Alaska, Scattering Thousands of Indigenous Artifacts Across the Sand.” Smithsonian. 10/31/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/a-storm-battered-western-alaska-scattering-thousands-of-indigenous-artifacts-across-the-sand-180987606/ Kuta, Sarah. “Archaeologists Unearth More Than 100 Projectiles From an Iconic Battlefield in Scotland.” Smithsonian. 11/5/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/archaeologists-unearth-more-than-100-projectiles-from-an-iconic-battlefield-in-scotland-180987641/ Kuta, Sarah. “Hundreds of Mysterious Victorian-Era Shoes Are Washing Up on a Beach in Wales. Nobody Knows Where They Came From.” Smithsonian. 1/5/2026. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/hundreds-of-mysterious-victorian-era-shoes-are-washing-up-on-a-beach-in-wales-nobody-knows-where-they-came-from-180987943/ Lawson-Tancred, Jo. “Golden ‘Tudor Heart’ Necklace Sheds New Light on Henry VIII’s First Marriage.” Artnet. 10/14/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/tudor-heart-pendant-british-museum-fundraiser-2699544 Lawson-Tancred, Jo. “Long-Overlooked Black Veteran Identified in Rare 19th-Century Portrait.” ArtNet. 10/27/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/black-veteran-thomas-phillips-portrait-identified-2704721 Lipo CP, Hunt TL, Pakarati G, Pingel T, Simmons N, Heard K, et al. (2025) Megalithic statue (moai) production on Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile). PLoS One 20(11): e0336251. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0336251 Lipo, Carl P. and Terry L. Hunt. “The walking moai hypothesis: Archaeological evidence, experimental validation, and response to critics.” Journal of Archaeological Science. Volume 183, November 2025, 106383. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305440325002328 Lock, Lisa. “Pre-construction archaeology reveals Benin City's historic urban development and heritage.” 10/29/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-pre-archaeology-reveals-benin-city.html#google_vignette Lock, Lisa. “Pre-construction archaeology reveals Benin City's historic urban development and heritage.” Antiquity. Via PhysOrg. 10/29/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-pre-archaeology-reveals-benin-city.html#google_vignette Lynley A. Wallis et al, An exceptional assemblage of archaeological plant fibres from Windmill Way, southeast Cape York Peninsula, Australian Archaeology (2025). DOI: 10.1080/03122417.2025.2574127 Lyon, Devyn. “Oaklawn Cemetery excavation brings investigators closer to identifying Tulsa Race Massacre victims.” Fox 23. 11/6/2025. https://www.fox23.com/news/oaklawn-cemetery-excavation-brings-investigators-closer-to-identifying-tulsa-race-massacre-victims/article_67c3a6b7-2acc-44cb-93ce-3d3d0c288eca.html Marquard, Bryan. “Bob Shumway, last known survivor of the deadly Cocoanut Grove nightclub fire, dies at 101.” 11/12/2025. https://www.bostonglobe.com/2025/11/12/metro/bob-shumway-101-dies-was-last-known-cocoanut-grove-fire-survivor/?event=event12 Marta Osypińska et al, A centurion's monkey? Companion animals for the social elite in an Egyptian port on the fringes of the Roman Empire in the 1st and 2nd c. CE, Journal of Roman Archaeology (2025). DOI: 10.1017/s1047759425100445 Merrington, Andrew. “Extensive dog diversity millennia before modern breeding practices.” University of Exeter. 11/13/2025. https://news.exeter.ac.uk/faculty-of-humanities-arts-and-social-sciences/archaeology-and-history/extensive-dog-diversity-millennia-before-modern-breeding-practices/ Morris, Steven. “Linguists start compiling first ever complete dictionary of ancient Celtic.” The Guardian. 12/8/2025. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2025/dec/08/linguists-start-compiling-first-ever-complete-dictionary-of-ancient-celtic Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. “Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Resolves Ownership of Works by Enslaved Artist David Drake.” 10/29/2025. https://www.mfa.org/press-release/david-drake-ownership-resolution “Niagara has a 107-year-old shipwreck lodged above the Falls and it just moved.” https://www.narcity.com/niagara-falls-shipwreck-iron-scow-moved-closer-to-the-falls Newcomb, Tim. “A 76-Year-Old Man Went On a Hike—and Stumbled Upon a 1,500-Year Old Trap.” Popular Mechanics. 11/21/2025. https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/archaeology/a69441460/reindeer-trap/ Nordin, Gunilla. “Ancient wolves on remote Baltic Sea island reveal link to prehistoric humans.” Stockholm University. Via EurekAlert. 11/24/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1106807 Oster, Sandee. “DNA confirms modern Bo people are descendants of ancient Hanging Coffin culture.” Phys.org. 12/6/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-12-dna-modern-bo-people-descendants.html Oster, Sandee. “Rare disease possibly identified in 12th century child's skeletal remains.” PhysOrg. 10/10/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-rare-disease-possibly-12th-century.html Osuh, Chris and Geneva Abdul. “Lost grave of daughter of Black abolitionist Olaudah Equiano found by A-level student.” The Guardian. 11/1/2025. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/nov/01/lost-grave-daughter-black-abolitionist-olaudah-equiano-found-by-a-level-student Silvia Albizuri et al, The oldest mule in the western Mediterranean. The case of the Early Iron Age in Hort d'en Grimau (Penedès, Barcelona, Spain), Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports (2026). DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105506 Skok, Phoebe. “Ancient shipwrecks rewrite the story of Iron Age trade.” PhysOrg. 10/14/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-10-ancient-shipwrecks-rewrite-story-iron.html The History Blog. “600-year-old Joseon ship recovered from seabed.” 11/15/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/74652 The History Blog. “Ancient pleasure barge found off Alexandria coast.” 12/9/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/74860 The History Blog. “Charred Byzantine bread loves stamped with Christian imagery found in Turkey.” 10/13/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/74352 The History Blog. “Early medieval silver treasure found in Stockholm.” 10/12/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/74343 The History Blog. “Roman amphora with sardines found in Switzerland.” 12/15/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/74904 The Straits Times. “Wreck of ancient Malay vessel discovered on Pulau Melaka.” 10/31/2025. https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/wreck-of-ancient-malay-vessel-discovered-on-pulau-melaka Thompson, Sarah. “The forgotten daughter: Eliza Monroe Hay’s story revealed in her last letters.” W&M News. 9/30/2025. https://news.wm.edu/2025/09/30/the-forgotten-daughter-eliza-monroes-story-revealed-in-her-last-letters/ Tuhkuri, Jukka. “Why Did Endurance Sink?” Polar Record 61 (2025): e23. Web. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/polar-record/article/why-did-endurance-sink/6CC2C2D56087035A94DEB50930B81980 Universitat de Valencia. “The victims of the Pompeii eruption wore heavy wool cloaks and tunics, suggesting different environmental conditions in summer.” 12/3/2025. https://www.uv.es/uvweb/uv-news/en/news/victims-pompeii-eruption-wore-heavy-wool-cloaks-tunics-suggesting-different-environmental-conditions-summer-1285973304159/Novetat.html?id=1286464337848&plantilla=UV_Noticies/Page/TPGDetaillNews University of Glasgow. “Archaeologists recover hundreds of Jacobite projectiles in unexplored area of Culloden.” 10/30/2025. https://www.gla.ac.uk/news/headline_1222736_en.html University of Vienna. “Neanderthal DNA reveals ancient long-distance migrations.” 10/29/2025. https://www.univie.ac.at/en/news/detail/neanderthal-dna-reveals-ancient-long-distance-migrations Zhou, H., Tao, L., Zhao, Y. et al. Exploration of hanging coffin customs and the bo people in China through comparative genomics. Nat Commun 16, 10230 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65264-3 Zinin, Andrew. “Ancient humans mastered fire-making 400,000 years ago, study shows.” Phys.org. 10/10/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-12-ancient-humans-mastered-years.html See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Discover invaluable insights and practical strategies to empower leaders in driving successful strategic initiatives. As a seasoned executive or emerging leader, this episode offers essential guidance to elevate your leadership capabilities In this Episode: LindaAnn Rogers, Tom Bradshaw, Nic Krueger, Dr. Matthew Lampe, Lee Crowson, Alexander Abney-King, Peter Plumeau   Visit us https://www.seboc.com/ Follow us on LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/sebocLI Join an open-mic event: https://www.seboc.com/events   References Alagaraja, M., Rose, K., Shuck, B., & Bergman, M. (2015). Unpacking organizational alignment: the view from theory and practice. Journal of Organizational Learning and Leadership 13(1): 18-31.   Mazzetti G. & Schaufeli W.B. (2022). The impact of engaging leadership on employee engagement and team effectiveness: A longitudinal, multi-level study on the mediating role of personal- and team resources. PLoS ONE 17(6): e0269433. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269433   Mgbemena, I., Onyali, C., Ojukwu, H. (2024). Strategic alignment and organizational responsiveness: A process-orientated perspective. International Journal of Academic Management Science Research 8(3).   Pasion-Caiani, S. (2015) Examination of employee alignment as a predictor of work engagement. Master's Theses. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.ydep-ks65. https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4554

In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Ana Catarina Vieira de Castro, a researcher at the University of Porto (Portugal) specializing in canine behavior, welfare, and human–animal interactions, for a thoughtful discussion about one of the most contentious issues in modern dog training.Catarina is well known for her research comparing reward-based (positive reinforcement) and aversive or mixed training methods. Her work is frequently cited within the force-free community, often as scientific support for calls to restrict or ban certain training tools through legislation.Rather than dissecting individual papers line by line, our conversation focuses on the bigger and more difficult questions:Do aversives have a place in dog training?Are they effective, and under what conditions?What are the welfare risks of using them improperly?And just as importantly, what are the risks of removing them entirely through policy and legislation?We explore how science, ethics, and real world practice intersect, especially in cases where idealized training models often break down.Catarina's published work including Carrots vs. Sticks (Applied Animal Behaviour Science), her PLOS ONE studies comparing training methods and welfare, and her contributions to the literature on stress, obedience, and the dog–owner bond forms the background context for why these questions matter beyond academic debate. These studies are widely referenced in discussions around regulation, bans, and professional standards, making it essential to talk not only about findings, but also about interpretation, limits, and unintended consequences.Importantly, Catarina is also a dog trainer herself, which allowed this conversation to go beyond research settings and into the practical realities of working with real dogs.This was also the first time a scientist whose work is so frequently cited in these debates was willing to sit down with me for an open, long form conversation, something that hasn't been done in this space.This episode is for trainers, behavior professionals, policymakers, and dog owners who want a deeper, more honest conversation about effectiveness, welfare, and the real risks on both sides of the training method debate.

HIV Patients' Perceptions of a Potential Multi-Component Mindfulness-Based Smoking Cessation Smartphone Application InterventionIn this episode, Dr. Jud explores a pivotal study on adapting a mindfulness-based smoking cessation app for people living with HIV (PLWH). This research highlights how a multi-component intervention—combining mindfulness training, contingency management, and adherence tracking for antiretroviral therapy—addresses the unique challenges faced by PLWH smokers. Discover the app's potential to reduce smoking-related health disparities, its innovative features, and participant insights on feasibility, acceptability, and improvement opportunities.Reference: Asfar, T., Alcaide, M. L., Jones, D. L., McClure, L. A., Brewer, J., Lee, D. J., & Carrico, A. (2022). HIV patients' perceptions of a potential multi-component mindfulness-based smoking cessation smartphone application intervention. PLOS ONE, 17(8), e0271946. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271946.Let's connect on Instagram

Barbara Cludius ist Professorin für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie des Erwachsenenalters an der Uni Bremen. Aufgenommen wurde ihr Vortrag "Perfektionismus – Wenn das Streben nach dem Optimum zur Belastung wird" am 4. November 2025 im Rahmen der Vortragsreihe "Selbstoptimierung. Zwischen Fürsorge und Zwang" des Studium Generale der Uni Mainz. **********+++ Deutschlandfunk Nova +++ Hörsaal +++ Vortrag +++ Wissenschaft +++ Psychologie +++ Klinische Psychologie +++ Selbstoptimierung +++ Leistung +++ Perfektionismus +++ Gesundheit +++ Wohlbefinden +++ Psyche +++ Depression +++ Essstörungen +++ Anorexie +++ Magersucht +++ Zwangsstörungen +++ Angststörungen +++ Prokrastination +++ Therapie +++ Psychotherapie +++ Verhaltenstherapie +++ Exzellenzismus +++**********In dieser Folge mit: Moderation: Katrin Ohlendorf Vortragende: Barbara Cludius, Professorin für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie des Erwachsenenalters, Uni Bremen**********Hörtipp und HilfeHörtipp: Deutschlandfunk-Podcast "Tatort Kunst"Dieses Thema belastet dich? Hier findest du eine Übersicht mit Hilfsangeboten**********Ihr hört in diesem Hörsaal:2:02 - Start des Vortrags2:38 - Was ist Perfektionismus?9:27 - Wie hängt Perfektionismus mit klinischen Störungen zusammen?24:18 - Was hilft gegen Perfektionismus?29:31 - Erste Verhaltensübung gegen Perfektionismus32:40 - Evidenz zur Wirkung Kognitiver Verhaltenstherapie bei Perfektionismus33:39 - Zweite Verhaltensübung37:46 - Ist ein bisschen Perfektion nicht doch gut?42:58 - Fazit**********Quellen aus der Folge:Claus, Nathalie; Cludius, Barbara; Egan, Sarah J.; Shafran, Roz; Ehring, Thomas; Takano, Keisuke und Limburg, Karina (2025): Perfectionism as a risk factor for psychopathology in a community sample of young women: disorder-specific pathways to disordered eating or obsessive-compulsive symptoms. In: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, Bd. 54, Nr. 5: S. 664-684.Claus, Nathalie; Miegel, Franziska; Jelinek, Lena; Landmann, Sarah; Moritz, Steffen; Külz, Anne Katrin; Rubel, Julian und Cludius, Barbara (2023): Perfectionism as Possible Predictor for Treatment Success in Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy and Metacognitive Training as Third-Wave Treatments for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. In: Cognitive Therapy and Research, Bd. 47, Nr. 3: S. 439-453.Cludius, Barbara; Landmann, Sarah; Külz, Anne-Katrin; Takano, Keisuke; Moritz, Steffen; Jelinek, Lena (2022): Direct and indirect assessment of perfectionism in patients with depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. PLoS ONE 17(10): e0270184.Roth, Isabel; Cludius, Barbara; Egan, Sarah J.; Limburg, Karina (2021). Evaluation of the Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire: The CPQ-D. Clinical Psychology in Europe, 3(2), Article e3623.Neff, Kristin; Germer, Christopher K. (2018): The Mindful Self-compassion Workbook: A Proven Way to Accept Yourself, Build Inner Strength, and Thrive. Guilford Press. – In Deutsch: Neff, Kristin; Germer, Christopher K. (2019): Selbstmitgefühl – Das Übungsbuch: Ein bewährter Weg zu Selbstakzeptanz, innerer Stärke und Freundschaft mit sich selbst. Arbor Verlag.**********Mehr zum Thema bei Deutschlandfunk Nova:Psychologie: Wie wir unsere Persönlichkeit verändern könnenMental Health und Social Media: Das Geschäft mit unserer PsycheResilienz: Wie wir uns selber krisenfest machen**********Den Artikel zum Stück findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

Deze week hoor je in NRC Vandaag onze serie Wilde eeuwen, het begin. Een van de verhalende series die we dit jaar maakten: perfect voor tijdens de dagen rond Kerst.Het is 40.000 jaar geleden. De jonge Doi staat oog in oog met zijn verre familie, een groep dansende neanderthalers. Zullen ze hem accepteren? Heeft u vragen, suggesties of ideeën over onze journalistiek? Mail dan naar onze redactie via podcast@nrc.nl.Voor deze aflevering is onder meer gebruikt gemaakt van deze literatuur: Francesca Romagnoli e.a. (eds) ‘Updating Neanderthals. Understanding Behavioural Complexity in the Late Middle Palaeolithic', Academic Press 2022 Mateja Hajdinjak e.a ‘Initial Upper Palaeolithic humans in Europe had recent Neanderthal ancestry' in Nature 8 april 2021. Rebecca Wragg Sykes. ‘Kindred. Neanderthal Life, Love, Death and Art', Bloomsbury 2021 Rudolf Botha. ‘Neanderthal Language. Demystifying the Linguistic Powers of our Extinct Cousins', Cambridge University Press 2020 Katerina Harvati. ‘Paleoanthropology of the Balkans and Anatolia. Human Evolution and its Context', Springer Press 2016 Qiaomei Fu e.a. ‘An early modern human from Romania with a recent Neanderthal ancestor' in Nature, 13 augustus 2015.Wil Roebroeks en Paola Villa ‘Neandertal Demise: An Archaeological Analysis of the Modern Human Superiority Complex' in PLOS One, 30 april 2014.João Zilhão e.a. ‘The Peştera cu Oase People. Europe's Earliest Modern Humans' in K. Boyle e.d. (eds) Rethinking the Human Revolution, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 2007.Tekst en presentatie: Hendrik SpieringRedactie en regie: Mirjam van ZuidamMuziek, montage en mixage: Rufus van BaardwijkBeeld: Jeen BertingVormgeving: Yannick MortierZie het privacybeleid op https://art19.com/privacy en de privacyverklaring van Californië op https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Many people start T3 medication hoping for more energy and mental clarity—only to end up feeling wired, anxious, or unable to sleep. In this episode of Thyroid Shorts, Dr. Eric Balcavage explains why too much or too little T3 can both amplify anxiety and insomnia, and how to restore calm by shifting from defense mode to recovery mode. You'll learn how the brain's fear center (the amygdala) interprets stress, how local T3 activity inside the brain differs from global thyroid output, and why "state before hormone" is the key to lasting recovery. Featuring insights from two pivotal papers: Psychoneuroendocrinology (2024): Evidence for thyroid hormone regulation of amygdala-dependent fear relevant memory and plasticity PLoS ONE (2011): Adult-Onset Hypothyroidism Enhances Fear Memory and Up-regulates Mineralocorticoid and Glucocorticoid Receptors in the Amygdala Timestamps: 00:00 – Intro – Is T3 causing your anxiety and insomnia? 02:00 – Input → Interpretation → Response: how the brain reads threat 05:00 – The amygdala as the body's alarm system 08:00 – The Threat Perception Loop and defense physiology 11:00 – Local vs global thyroid adaptation: T3 in the amygdala 13:00 – The T3 Paradox: too little vs too much T3 17:00 – Shifting from defense to recovery mode 19:00 – Key takeaways & how to calm the system before adjusting hormone Key Takeaway: Your thyroid follows your brain's perception of safety. Calming the nervous system restores efficient T3 conversion—without overstimulation.

Send us a textSummary: Microplastics are showing up in our water, food, air—and in human tissues. In this episode, I unpack what the best studies actually show (and don't), why risk is plausible but not proven, and the realistic steps you can take today without panic. In this episode, I cover:What microplastics are and why they're everywhere—from packaging and clothing to tire dust—and why production is still projected to rise ~70% by 2040 (OECD). OECD+2OECD+2The signal that caught my attention: patients with microplastics in carotid artery plaque had a markedly higher 3-year risk of heart attack, stroke, or death (NEJM). Association, not proof—but concerning. The Guardian+3New England Journal of Medicine+3PubMed+3What's turning up in the brain: autopsy work suggests rising microplastic loads in brain tissue, though causality remains unknown (Nature Medicine coverage). Nature+2Nature+2Everyday exposure: a liter of bottled water can contain ~240,000 plastic particles—mostly nanoplastics—using newer detection methods (NIH Research Matters). TIME+3National Institutes of Health (NIH)+3NCBI+3Indoor vs. outdoor air: estimates suggest we inhale tens of thousands of microplastic particles daily, with higher indoor concentrations (PLOS One). PLOS+1My takeaways for you (progress, not perfection):Respect the signal without catastrophizing. Human data are early, but cardiovascular and neurologic signals merit attention. New England Journal of Medicine+1Make the easy swaps: store food in glass, don't microwave plastic, favor loose-leaf tea over plastic-based tea bags, and replace plastic cutting boards with wood or glass. (These trim exposure; they don't eliminate it.) Air matters: consider a HEPA purifier for main living/sleeping areas and vacuum regularly; natural-fiber clothing sheds fewer synthetic particles. Water choices: where safe, use tap water with a quality home filter and a reusable (non-plastic) bottle—especially given the nanoplastic findings in some bottled waters. National Institutes of Health (NIH)Listener corner: You asked for more quick-hit myth busters (yes, we'll do “Does chicken soup speed recovery?”), and thanks for the reminder to wear a

Geht uns Menschen etwas verloren, wenn wir weniger Alkohol trinken? Alkohol ist schlimm. Schädlich für die Gesundheit. Ursache für Gewalt. Es gibt so viel Kritik an Alkohol. Und dann kommt ein berühmter Psychologieprofessor und fragt sich besorgt, ob seine Studierenden mittlerweile zu wenig Alkohol trinken. Dahinter steckt die Drunk-Hypothese. Nie gehört? Dann Glühwein weg und BF an. Fühlt euch gut betreut Leon & Atze Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/leonwindscheid/ https://www.instagram.com/atzeschroeder_offiziell/ Mehr zu unseren Werbepartnern findet ihr hier: https://linktr.ee/betreutesfuehlen Tickets: Atze: https://www.atzeschroeder.de/#termine Leon: https://leonwindscheid.de/tour/ Vorverkauf 2026: https://betreutes-fuehlen.ticket.io/ Quellen: Inzlicht, M. Should PhD students drink more?. Theor Soc (2025). Das Buch Drunk ist von Edward Slingerland Zahlen in Deutschland: Bundesministerium für Gesundheit. (2025, 24. September). Alkohol. https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/service/begriffe-von-a-z/a/alkohol.html Wang, J., Jiang, L., & Sun, H. (2021). Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China. PLoS One. Die Drunk-Hypothese auf dem Prüfstand: Hrnčíř, V., Chira, A.M. & Gray, R.D. Did alcohol facilitate the evolution of complex societies?. Humanit Soc Sci Commu. (2025). Drunk Hypothese einfach auf Deutsch zusammengefasst: https://www.mpg.de/25056851/0715-evan-alkohol-und-der-aufstieg-komplexer-gesellschaften-150495-x Alkohol und Stimmung: Dora, Jonas, et al. "The daily association between affect and alcohol use: A meta-analysis of individual participant data." Psychological Bulletin. Sayette, M. A., Creswell, K. G., Dimoff, J. D., Fairbairn, C. E., Cohn, J. F., Heckman, B. W., ... & Moreland, R. L. (2012). Alcohol and group formation: A multimodal investigation of the effects of alcohol on emotion and social bonding. Psychological science. Creswell, K. G., Wright, A. G., Sayette, M. A., Girard, J. M., Lyons, G., & Smyth, J. M. (2024). The Effects of Alcohol in Groups of Heavy-Drinking Young Adults: A Multimodal Investigation of Alcohol Responses in a Laboratory Social Setting. Clinical Psychological Science. Alkohol und Niederländisch sprechen: Renner, F., Kersbergen, I., Field, M., & Werthmann, J. (2018). Dutch courage? Effects of acute alcohol consumption on self-ratings and observer ratings of foreign language skills. Journal of Psychopharmacology. Das Eisberg Modell: Lindenmeyer, J. (2013). Ich bin kein Alkoholiker!: Ambulante Psychotherapie bei Alkoholproblemen-Mit Online-Material. Springer-Verlag. Orth, B., Spille-Merkel, C. & Nitzsche, A. (2025). Die Drogenaffinität Jugendlicher in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 2023. Substanzkonsum und Internetnutzung im Jahr 2023 und Trends. Köln: Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung. Redaktion: Leon Windscheid Produktion: Murmel Productions

In this episode I talk about how confirmation bias, memory and brain chemistry shape our experiences.Thanks to the TIN FOIL MULISHAExclusive episodes on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/c/ufonopodcastJoin the Tin Foil Mulisha Discord:⁠ https://discord.gg/PQyaJzkt4Y⁠Paypal Donation ⁠https://www.paypal.com/ncp/payment/Y6WRSW9F2JBSCStripe Donation https://buy.stripe.com/aFa6oGeiXamjdlW39HgUM00Buy Merch⁠ https://ufono.dashery.com/ | https://ufono-podcast.creator-spring.com/Buy Mushrooms⁠ https://www.schedule35.co/us/ (Code: U1173687US240607)⁠Email: Iwant2believe115@gmail.comFrench, C. C., & Wilson, K. (2006). Cognitive factors in anomalous experiences. frontiersin.orgfrontiersin.orgWiseman, R., & Morris, R. (1995). Recall of pseudo-psychic events by believers vs. disbelievers. frontiersin.orgWiseman, R. et al. (2003). Suggestion and false memory in séance settings. frontiersin.orgfrontiersin.orgWiseman, R. & Greening, E. (2005). Verbal suggestion and paranormal key-bending reports. frontiersin.orgfrontiersin.orgvan Elk, M. (2015). “Perceptual Biases in Relation to Paranormal and Conspiracy Beliefs.” PLOS One, 10(6): e0130422. Findings: prior beliefs modulate perception; believers detect illusory patterns pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.govpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.Müller, P., & Hartmann, M. (2023). “Linking paranormal and conspiracy beliefs to illusory pattern perception.” Scientific Reports, 13:9739. Demonstrated believers' low sensitivity and high false alarms in noisy visual tasks nature.comnature.com.Clancy, S. et al. (2002). “Memory Distortion in People Reporting Abduction by Aliens.” J. Abnormal Psych., 111(3), 455–461. Showed recovered-alien-abduction claimants have elevated false recall/recognition on laboratory tests researchgate.netresearchgate.net.Wilson, K., & French, C. (2014). “Magic and Memory.” Frontiers in Psychology, 5:1289. Used a fake psychic video to show believers vs. nonbelievers differ in memory accuracy under suggestionfrontiersin.orgfrontiersin.org.CORDIS Project EXPECT_CONSCIOUS (2013–2015). Findings summarized: expected stimuli enter awareness faster; memory bias increases as time passes cordis.europa.eucordis.europa.eu.Paulpope.co.uk – “The Psychology of Paranormal Belief: Cognitive Bias” (2021). Overview of biases (confirmation bias, pareidolia, etc.) that foster supernatural interpretation paulpope.co.ukpaulpope.co.uk.Additional References: Loftus, E. (1997). “Creating False Memories.” Scientific American; French, C. (2001). “Belief in the paranormal: a cautionary note on making assumptions.”; Jahn, G. et al. (2024). “False memory propensity and pseudoscientific belief.” Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 9(5) link.springer.com. (This 2024 study found that individuals who more readily formed misinformation-induced false memories were more likely to endorse pseudoscientific and paranormal claims link.springer.com.)

Dr. Nicola Hawley is an Associate Professor of Epidemiology at the Yale School of Public Health, where she also holds a secondary appointment in Anthropology. She serves as Associate Director for Dissemination and Implementation Science at the Yale Center for Clinical Investigation. Trained as a human biologist, Dr. Hawley is an internationally recognized expert in maternal and child health, with a focus on how early life experiences, from pregnancy through childhood, shape long-term risks for obesity and chronic disease. Her research bridges epidemiology, anthropology, and global health, using community-engaged and culturally grounded approaches to improve health outcomes in under-resourced and Indigenous settings. Much of her work centers in the Pacific, particularly in Sāmoa and American Sāmoa, where she leads NIH- and PCORI-funded studies on gestational and Type 2 diabetes, obesity prevention, and intergenerational health. She's also deeply committed to mentorship, helping train the next generation of global health and maternal-child health researchers. ------------------------------ Find the work discussed in this episode: Heinsberg LW, Loia M, Tasele S, Faasalele-Savusa K, Carlson JC, Anesi S, et al. (2025) Study protocol for the Health Outcomes in Pregnancy and Early Childhood (HOPE) Study: A mother-infant study in American Samoa. PLoS One 20(9): e0326644. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326644 ------------------------------ Contact the Sausage of Science Podcast and the Human Biology Association: Facebook: facebook.com/groups/humanbiologyassociation/, Website: humbio.org, Twitter: @HumBioAssoc Chris Lynn, Co-Host Website: cdlynn.people.ua.edu/, E-mail: cdlynn@ua.edu, Twitter:@Chris_Ly Courtney Manthey, Guest-Co-Host, Website: holylaetoli.com/ E-mail: cpierce4@uccs.edu, Twitter: @HolyLaetoli Anahi Ruderman, SoS Co-Producer, HBA Junior Fellow, E-mail: ruderman@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar

We dive into Will's recent research assessing the effects and prevalence of Lymphoproliferative Disease Virus (LPDV) in wild turkeys in Alabama.   Resources:   Alger, K., et al. (2017). Risk factors for and spatial distribution of lymphoproliferative disease virus (LPDV) in wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) in New York State, USA. Journal of wildlife diseases, 53(3), 499-508.   Goodwin, C. C., et al. (2024). Experimental infection of domestic turkeys with lymphoproliferative disease virus of North American origin. Veterinary Pathology.   Shea, S. A. (2021). Retroviral infection dynamics in Maine's wild turkeys. The University of Maine.   Thomas, J. M., et al. (2015). Molecular surveillance for lymphoproliferative disease virus in wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) from the eastern United States. PLoS One, 10(4), e0122644.   Ostrander, K. N., et al. (2025). Histomonosis and Lymphoproliferative Disease Virus in Male Wild Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) in Alabama, USA. Journal of Wildlife Diseases.   Our lab is primarily funded by donations. If you would like to help support our work, please donate here: http://UFgive.to/UFGameLab   We've launched a comprehensive online wild turkey course featuring experts across multiple institutions that specialize in habitat management and population management for wild turkeys. Earn up to 20.5 CFE hours! Enroll Now!    Dr. Marcus Lashley @DrDisturbance, Publications Dr. Will Gulsby @dr_will_gulsby, Publications Turkeys for Tomorrow @turkeysfortomorrow  UF Game Lab @ufgamelab, YouTube   Donate to our wild turkey research: UF Turkey Donation Fund , Auburn Turkey Donation Fund    Want to help wild turkey conservation? Please take our quick survey to take part in our research!   Do you have a topic you'd like us to cover? Leave us a review or send us an email at wildturkeyscience@gmail.com!   Watch these podcasts on YouTube   Please help us by taking our (quick) listener survey - Thank you!    Check out the DrDisturbance YouTube channel! DrDisturbance YouTube   Want to help support the podcast? Our friends at Grounded Brand have an option to donate directly to Wild Turkey Science at checkout. Thank you in advance for your support!   Leave a podcast rating for a chance to win free gear!   This podcast is made possible by Turkeys for Tomorrow, a grassroots organization dedicated to the wild turkey. To learn more about TFT, go to turkeysfortomorrow.org.    Music by Artlist.io Produced & edited by Charlotte Nowak

We dive into Will's recent research assessing the effects and prevalence of Lymphoproliferative Disease Virus (LPDV) in wild turkeys in Alabama.   Resources:   Alger, K., et al. (2017). Risk factors for and spatial distribution of lymphoproliferative disease virus (LPDV) in wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) in New York State, USA. Journal of wildlife diseases, 53(3), 499-508.   Goodwin, C. C., et al. (2024). Experimental infection of domestic turkeys with lymphoproliferative disease virus of North American origin. Veterinary Pathology.   Shea, S. A. (2021). Retroviral infection dynamics in Maine's wild turkeys. The University of Maine.   Thomas, J. M., et al. (2015). Molecular surveillance for lymphoproliferative disease virus in wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) from the eastern United States. PLoS One, 10(4), e0122644.   Ostrander, K. N., et al. (2025). Histomonosis and Lymphoproliferative Disease Virus in Male Wild Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) in Alabama, USA. Journal of Wildlife Diseases.   Our lab is primarily funded by donations. If you would like to help support our work, please donate here: http://UFgive.to/UFGameLab   We've launched a comprehensive online wild turkey course featuring experts across multiple institutions that specialize in habitat management and population management for wild turkeys. Earn up to 20.5 CFE hours! Enroll Now!    Dr. Marcus Lashley @DrDisturbance, Publications Dr. Will Gulsby @dr_will_gulsby, Publications Turkeys for Tomorrow @turkeysfortomorrow  UF Game Lab @ufgamelab, YouTube   Donate to our wild turkey research: UF Turkey Donation Fund , Auburn Turkey Donation Fund    Want to help wild turkey conservation? Please take our quick survey to take part in our research!   Do you have a topic you'd like us to cover? Leave us a review or send us an email at wildturkeyscience@gmail.com!   Watch these podcasts on YouTube   Please help us by taking our (quick) listener survey - Thank you!    Check out the DrDisturbance YouTube channel! DrDisturbance YouTube   Want to help support the podcast? Our friends at Grounded Brand have an option to donate directly to Wild Turkey Science at checkout. Thank you in advance for your support!   Leave a podcast rating for a chance to win free gear!   This podcast is made possible by Turkeys for Tomorrow, a grassroots organization dedicated to the wild turkey. To learn more about TFT, go to turkeysfortomorrow.org.    Music by Artlist.io Produced & edited by Charlotte Nowak  

In this solo episode, Darin reframes one of the most misunderstood forces in life — stress. Instead of seeing it as the enemy, he explores how stress is actually a messenger, guiding you back to alignment, safety, and awareness. Through science, spirituality, and lived experience, Darin breaks down how stress shows us where we're trying to control, where we're disconnected, and where our nervous system is calling for attention. He unpacks the layers of modern stress — from trauma and environment to community and purpose — and offers practical, embodied tools to restore calm, clarity, and resilience.     What You'll Learn 00:00:00 – Welcome to Super Life: Solutions for a Healthier Life and Better World 00:00:32 – Sponsor Spotlight: TheraSauna - Natural Healing Technologies (15% off with code Darrandai) 00:02:10 – The Super Life Podcast: Finding Contentment, Happiness, and Purpose 00:02:51 – Today's Topic: Stress - Reframing Stress as an Ally and Dashboard Light 00:04:54 – The "No Choice" Universe: Reconnecting to Infinite Possibilities 00:05:16 – The Reality of Stress: Statistics and the Impact of Chronic Stress 00:06:21 – Stress is Layered: Beyond a Single Cause, Addressing Chronic Stress 00:08:29 – Solutions for a Super Life: Safety over Calm and the Vagal Response 00:09:38 – The Inner Dialogue Layer: Trauma, Unconsciousness, and Spiritual Bypassing 00:11:47 – The Social Field Layer: Relationships, Community, and Finding Your Way Home 00:14:20 – Sponsor Spotlight: Bite Toothpaste - Sustainable, Non-Toxic Tabs (20% off with code Darin20) 00:16:35 – Creating Your Own Vision: Setting Boundaries with Media and Social Algorithms 00:17:29 – Finding Your Purpose: From Raising Children to Healing Injuries 00:18:35 – Environmental and Existential Stress Layers: Clutter, Noise, and Service 00:19:26 – Stress Load and Resiliency: Why Small Triggers Cause Blow-Ups 00:20:02 – Understanding the Dashboard Light: Acknowledging Unwillingness 00:20:35 – Safety as the Signal: Body Relaxation and Providing Inner Security 00:23:44 – Reframing Trauma: Was it the Protector You Needed at the Time? 00:25:00 – Releasing Trauma: Techniques, The Healing Code, and Waking the Tiger 00:26:06 – Finishing the Survival Response: Shaking, Crying, Screaming, and Stretching 00:26:38 – Stress as a Multiplier: Impact on Immune System, Heart, and Aging 00:28:10 – Stress Slows Repair: Inflammation, Cardiovascular Risk, and Cellular Aging 00:29:48 – The Integrative Approach: Changing Your Environments to Support Anti-Stress 00:30:07 – Actionable Stress Solutions: Circadian Rhythm, Nature, and Noise Reduction 00:30:44 – Actionable Stress Solutions: Gratitude, Conscious Breath, and Movement 00:31:32 – Energy Drains to Eliminate: Conflict, Clutter, Scrolling, and Late Caffeine 00:32:17 – Connecting to Greater Purpose: The Super Life Patreon Platform 00:32:54 – Morning/Night Questions: Letting Go, Creating, and Contributing 00:33:17 – Final Toolkit: Slow Breathing, Movement, Nature, Sauna, and Sleep 00:34:25 – The Invitation: Digging into all Layers of a Super Life on Patreon   Thank You to Our Sponsors Therasage: Go to www.therasage.com and use code DARIN at checkout for 15% off Bite Toothpaste: Go to trybite.com/DARIN20 or use code DARIN20 for 20% off your first order. Find More from Darin Olien: Instagram: @darinolien Podcast: SuperLife Podcast Website: superlife.com Book: Fatal Conveniences   Key Takeaway "Stress isn't your enemy — it's your compass. Every wave of tension points you back to what's asking for care, attention, and love. When you stop fighting stress and start listening to it, you don't just survive — you evolve."       Bibliography (selected, peer-reviewed) Sources: Gallup Global Emotions (2024); Gallup U.S. polling (2024); APA Stress in America (2023); Natarajan et al., Lancet Digital Health (2020); Orini et al., UK Biobank (2023); Martinez et al. (2022); Leiden University (2025). Cohen S, Tyrrell DA, Smith AP. Psychological stress and susceptibility to the common cold. N Engl J Med.1991;325(9):606–612. New England Journal of Medicine Cohen S, et al. Chronic stress, glucocorticoid receptor resistance, inflammation, and disease risk. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2012;109(16):5995–5999. PNAS Kiecolt-Glaser JK, et al. Slowing of wound healing by psychological stress. Lancet. 1995;346(8984):1194–1196. The Lancet Kiecolt-Glaser JK, et al. Hostile marital interactions, proinflammatory cytokine production, and wound healing.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(12):1377–1384. JAMA Network Tawakol A, et al. Relation between resting amygdalar activity and cardiovascular events. Lancet.2017;389(10071):834–845. The Lancet Epel ES, et al. Accelerated telomere shortening in response to life stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.2004;101(49):17312–17315. PNAS McEwen BS, Stellar E. Stress and the individual: mechanisms leading to disease. Arch Intern Med.1993;153(18):2093–2101. PubMed McEwen BS, Wingfield JC. Allostasis and allostatic load. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;840:33–44. PubMed Felitti VJ, et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many leading causes of death in adults (ACE Study). Am J Prev Med. 1998;14(4):245–258. AJP Mon Online Edmondson D, et al. PTSD and cardiovascular disease. Ann Behav Med. 2017;51(3):316–327. PMC Afari N, et al. Psychological trauma and functional somatic syndromes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychosom Med. 2014;76(1):2–11. PMC Goyal M, et al. Meditation programs for psychological stress and well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174(3):357–368. PMC Qiu Q, et al. Forest therapy: effects on blood pressure and salivary cortisol—a meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;20(1):458. PMC Laukkanen T, et al. Sauna bathing and reduced fatal CVD and all-cause mortality. JAMA Intern Med.2015;175(4):542–548. JAMA Network Zureigat H, et al. Physical activity lowers CVD risk by reducing stress-related neural activity. J Am Coll Cardiol.2024;83(16):1532–1546. PMC Holt-Lunstad J, Smith TB, Layton JB. Social relationships and mortality risk: a meta-analytic review. PLoS Med.2010;7(7):e1000316. PMC Chen Y-R, Hung K-W. EMDR for PTSD: meta-analysis of RCTs. PLoS One. 2014;9(8):e103676. PLOS Hoppen TH, et al. Network/pairwise meta-analysis of PTSD psychotherapies—TF-CBT highest efficacy overall.Psychol Med. 2023;53(14):6360–6374. PubMed van der Kolk BA, et al. Yoga as an adjunctive treatment for PTSD: RCT. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014;75(6):e559–e565. PubMed Kelly U, et al. Trauma-center trauma-sensitive yoga vs CPT in women veterans: RCT. JAMA Netw Open.2023;6(11):e2342214. JAMA Network Bentley TGK, et al. Breathing practices for stress and anxiety reduction: components that matter. Behav Sci (Basel). 2023;13(9):756. 

A new prospective multicenter cohort of 250 patients with shock examines the safety and outcomes of peripheral vasopressor administration. Extravasation events were rare and clustered only after several days of infusion, while norepinephrine use and simple physiologic markers correlated with survival. In this episode, I translate the findings into bedside guardrails—which sites and gauges to use, how to monitor, and when to pivot to a central line.The Vasopressor & Inotrope HandbookAmazon: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://amzn.to/47qJZe1⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Affiliate Link)My Store: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://eddyjoemd.myshopify.com/products/the-vasopressor-inotrope-handbook⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Use "podcast" to save 10%)Citation:Petros A, Melkie A, Kotiso KS, Kebede D, Oljira CF, Assefa Gemechu F, Yusuf H, Abebe S, Ashagre A, Bekele A, Yohannes A, Etesa EK, Bedru M, Gebremariam TH. Peripheral line for vasopressor administration: Prospective multicenter observational cohort study for survival and safety. PLoS One. 2025 Oct 13;20(10):e0333275. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0333275. PMID: 41082535; PMCID: PMC12517475.

The Research Round-Up returns! Hosts Silvia Radenkovic and Rodrigo Starosta are joined by Dr Hilary Vernon and Dr Austin Larson for a deep dive into the latest discoveries in mitochondrial disease. Together they explore how new biomarkers like FGF21 and GDF15 are reshaping diagnosis, how multi-omics approaches are accelerating precision care, and what large-scale data from gnomAD to stem-cell models is revealing about disease mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. A lively, expert-led discussion connecting science, diagnostics, and patient impact across the mitochondrial field. Laricchia KM, et al Mitochondrial DNA variation across 56,434 individuals in gnomAD. Genome Res. 2022 Mar;32(3):569-582. doi: 10.1101/gr.276013.121. Epub 2022 Jan 24. PMID: 35074858; PMCID: PMC8896463. Liu O, et al FGF21 and GDF15 are elevated in Barth Syndrome and are correlated to important clinical measures. Mol Genet Metab. 2023 Nov;140(3):107676. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107676. Epub 2023 Aug 2. PMID: 37549445. Van Hove JLK, et al Protein biomarkers GDF15 and FGF21 to differentiate mitochondrial hepatopathies from other pediatric liver diseases. Hepatol Commun. 2024 Jan 5;8(1):e0361. doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000361. Erratum in: Hepatol Commun. 2024 Jan 29;8(2):e0390. doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000390. PMID: 38180987; PMCID: PMC10781130. Starosta RT, et al An integrated multi-omics approach allowed ultra-rapid diagnosis of a deep intronic pathogenic variant in PDHX and precision treatment in a neonate critically ill with lactic acidosis. Mitochondrion. 2024 Nov;79:101973. doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101973. Epub 2024 Oct 15. PMID: 39413893; PMCID: PMC11578067. Jain IH, et al Hypoxia as a therapy for mitochondrial disease. Science. 2016 Apr 1;352(6281):54-61. doi: 10.1126/science.aad9642. Epub 2016 Feb 25. PMID: 26917594; PMCID: PMC4860742 Sandlers Y, et al Metabolomics Reveals New Mechanisms for Pathogenesis in Barth Syndrome and Introduces Novel Roles for Cardiolipin in Cellular Function. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0151802. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151802. PMID: 27015085; PMCID: PMC4807847. Sniezek Carney O, et al. Stem cell models of TAFAZZIN deficiency reveal novel tissue-specific pathologies in Barth syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 2025 Jan 23;34(1):101-115. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddae152. PMID: 39535077; PMCID: PMC11756277.

Send us a message with this link, we would love to hear from you. Standard message rates may apply.We break down osteopenia and osteoporosis with clear steps to protect independence: how bones weaken, how DEXA scoring works, and which daily habits reduce fracture risk. We share nutrition, exercise, lifestyle changes, and home safety that make a measurable difference.• key stats on fracture risk in women and men over 50• definitions of osteopenia and osteoporosis using T-scores• hip, spine and wrist as common fracture sites• why bone loss accelerates after menopause• risk factors including family history, smoking and low weight• DEXA scan basics and when to ask for screening• calcium and vitamin D targets and food sources• Mediterranean diet, protein and supportive micronutrients• weight-bearing, resistance and balance training essentials• Tai Chi and fall risk reduction• home safety changes that prevent falls• when medications like bisphosphonates or denosumab help• practical questions to ask your clinicianReferences1. Osteoporosis: Common Questions and Answers. Harris K, Zagar CA, Lawrence KV. American Family Physician. 2023;107(3):238-246.2. Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Walker MD, Shane E. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2023;389(21):1979-1991. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp2307353.3. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis-2020 Update. Camacho PM, Petak SM, Binkley N, et al. Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. 2020;26(Suppl 1):1-46. doi:10.4158/GL-2020-0524SUPPL.4. Global, Regional Prevalence, and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis According to the World Health Organization Diagnostic Criteria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Xiao PL, Cui AY, Hsu CJ, et al. Osteoporosis International : A Journal Established as Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. 2022;33(10):2137-2153. doi:10.1007/s00198-022-06454-3.5. Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Curry SJ, Krist AH, Owens DK, et al. JAMA. 2018;319(24):2521-2531. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.7498.6. The Cost of Osteoporosis, Osteopenia, and Associated Fractures in Australia in 2017. Tatangelo G, Watts J, Lim K, et al. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : The Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 2019;34(4):616-625. doi:10.1002/jbmr.3640.7. The Prevalence and Treatment Rate Trends of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women. Zhang X, Wang Z, Zhang D, et al. PloS One. 2023;18(9):e0290289. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0290289.8. Osteopenia: A Key Target for Fracture Prevention. Reid IR, McClung MR. The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology. 2024;12(11):856-864. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00225-0.9. Effectiveness and Safety of Treatments to Prevent Fractures in People With Low Bone Mass or Primary Osteoporosis: A Living Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis for the American College of Physicians. Ayers C, Kansagara D, Lazur B, et al. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2023;176(2):182-195. doi:10.7326/M22-0684.Support the showSubscribe to Our Newsletter! Production and Content: Edward Delesky, MD & Nicole Aruffo, RNArtwork: Olivia Pawlowski

Do you routinely order prophylactic antibiotics at time ofsecond-degree laceration repair? Is there data for that? While the use of prophylacticantibiotics “is reasonable” (per ACOG PB 198) for OASIS lacerations, what doesthe data look like for second degree lacs? Well, the answer is both supportiveAND non-supportive of that practice! In this episode, we will cover a brand newpublication (RCT) from BMJ on this very issue, and also highlight a meta-analysisfrom Plos One (May 2025) that also examined this question. Listen in fordetails!1.     ACOG PB 1982.     Armstrong H, Whitehurst J, Morris RK, HodgettsMorton V, Man R; CHAPTER group. Antibiotic prophylaxis for childbirth-relatedperineal trauma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2025 May9;20(5):e0323267. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0323267. PMID: 40344566; PMCID:PMC12064200.3.     Risk of infection and wound dehiscence after useof prophylactic antibiotics in episiotomy or second degree tear (REPAIR study):single centre, double blind, placebo controlled randomised trial. BMJ 2025; 391doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2025-084312 (Published 29 October 2025): BMJ2025;391:e084312

Join us for the cutest episode we've ever done (and also potentially the most-cited). In this episode we discuss all things American Pika, including one of the most complex meal preps in the animal kingdom! Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcastSources Cited:ArborAssays. “Climate Stress and the American Pika – Arbor Assays.” Arbor Assays, 21 July 2017, www.arborassays.com/climate-stress-american-pika/.Bolen, Anne. “Have Pikas Peaked?” National Wildlife Federation, 2015, www.nwf.org/Magazines/National-Wildlife/2016/DecJan/Conservation/Pikas.Buchholz, Lauren. “Pikas & Climate Change, Colorado Pika Project.” Colorado Pika Project, 14 Nov. 2020, pikapartners.org/pikas-and-climate-change/.Dearing, M. Denise. “THE MANIPULATION of PLANT TOXINS by a FOOD-HOARDING HERBIVORE,OCHOTONA PRINCEPS.” Ecology, vol. 78, no. 3, Apr. 1997, pp. 774–781, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[0774:tmoptb]2.0.co;2.Johnston, Aaron N., et al. “Freezing in a Warming Climate: Marked Declines of a Subnivean Hibernator after a Snow Drought.” Ecology and Evolution, vol. 11, no. 3, 29 Dec. 2020, pp. 1264–1279, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7126.Li, Mengke, et al. “The Hypoxia Adaptation of Small Mammals to Plateau and Underground Burrow Conditions.” Animal Models and Experimental Medicine, vol. 4, no. 4, 21 Oct. 2021, pp. 319–328, https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.12183.“New Data Shows Pikas and Their Watchers on the Rise.” Oregonzoo.org, 2024, www.oregonzoo.org/news/new-data-shows-pikas-and-their-watchers-rise.“Pika - Yellowstone National Park (U.S. National Park Service).” Www.nps.gov, 18 Apr. 2025, www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/pika.htm.“Pika Monitoring (U.S. National Park Service).” Nps.gov, 2018, www.nps.gov/im/ucbn/pika.htm.Rankin, Andrew Michael, et al. “Signatures of Adaptive Molecular Evolution in American Pikas (Ochotona Princeps).” Journal of Mammalogy, vol. 98, no. 4, 13 June 2017, pp. 1156–1167, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyx059.Schmidt, Danielle A, et al. “Phylogenomics of American Pika (Ochotona Princeps) Lineage Diversification.” Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, vol. 193, 1 Apr. 2024, pp. 108030–108030, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790324000228, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108030.Smith, Lydia. “Binturong: The Bearcat That Smells like Hot Buttered Popcorn.” Live Science, 21 June 2025, www.livescience.com/animals/land-mammals/binturong-the-bearcat-that-smells-like-hot-buttered-popcorn.Waterhouse, Matthew D, et al. “Individual-Based Analysis of Hair Corticosterone Reveals Factors Influencing Chronic Stress in the American Pika.” Ecology and Evolution, vol. 7, no. 12, 26 Apr. 2017, pp. 4099–4108, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3009.Wilkening, Jennifer L., et al. “Relating Sub-Surface Ice Features to Physiological Stress in a Climate Sensitive Mammal, the American Pika (Ochotona Princeps).” PLOS ONE, vol. 10, no. 3, 24 Mar. 2015, p. e0119327, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119327.Yu, Ning, et al. “Molecular Systematics of Pikas (Genus Ochotona) Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences.” Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, vol. 16, no. 1, July 2000, pp. 85–95, https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2000.0776. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

A simple question turned into a deep dive, and I learned a ton along the way! A client has an implanted vagus nerve stimulator. Now what? In this episode of I Have a Client Who . . ., Ruth explore's how vagus nerve stimulators work, why they're used, and the precautions massage therapists should consider. Plus, we discuss the exciting possibilities these devices hold for a wide range of treatments. Resources: Ben-Menachem, E. (2001) "Vagus nerve stimulation, side effects, and long-term safety," Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology: Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society, 18(5), pp. 415–418. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/00004691-200109000-00005.   Lerman, I. et al. (2019) "Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation alters neural response and physiological autonomic tone to noxious thermal challenge," PLoS ONE, 14(2), p. e0201212. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201212.   Mandalaneni, K. and Rayi, A. (2025) "Vagus Nerve Stimulator," in StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562175/ (Accessed: October 22, 2025).   Olsen, L.K. et al. (2023) "Vagus nerve stimulation: mechanisms and factors involved in memory enhancement," Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 17. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2023.1152064.   Tariq, K. et al. (2020) "A case report of Vagus nerve stimulation for intractable hiccups," International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, 78, pp. 219–222. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.12.023.   UCL (2025) Vagus nerve stimulation could help people get more exercise, UCL News. Available at: https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jul/vagus-nerve-stimulation-could-help-people-get-more-exercise (Accessed: October 22, 2025).   Vagus Nerve (no date) Physiopedia. Available at: https://www.physio-pedia.com/Vagus_Nerve (Accessed: October 22, 2025).   Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS): What It Is, Uses & Side Effects (no date) Cleveland Clinic. Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17598-vagus-nerve-stimulation (Accessed: October 18, 2025).   Wu, Q. et al. (2024) "Current status of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for tinnitus: a narrative review of modern research," Frontiers in Neuroscience, 18, p. 1405310. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1405310.         Host Bio:                    Ruth Werner is a former massage therapist, a writer, and an NCBTMB-approved continuing education provider. She wrote A Massage Therapist's Guide to Pathology, now in its seventh edition, which is used in massage schools worldwide. Werner is also a long-time Massage & Bodywork columnist, most notably of the Pathology Perspectives column. Werner is also ABMP's partner on Pocket Pathology, a web-based app and quick reference program that puts key information for nearly 200 common pathologies at your fingertips. Werner's books are available at www.booksofdiscovery.com. And more information about her is available at www.ruthwerner.com.                                          About our Sponsors:     Anatomy Trains is a global leader in online anatomy education and also provides in-classroom certification programs for structural integration in the US, Canada, Australia, Europe, Japan, and China, as well as fresh-tissue cadaver dissection labs and weekend courses. The work of Anatomy Trains originated with founder Tom Myers, who mapped the human body into 13 myofascial meridians in his original book, currently in its fourth edition and translated into 12 languages. The principles of Anatomy Trains are used by osteopaths, physical therapists, bodyworkers, massage therapists, personal trainers, yoga, Pilates, Gyrotonics, and other body-minded manual therapists and movement professionals. Anatomy Trains inspires these practitioners to work with holistic anatomy in treating system-wide patterns to provide improved client outcomes in terms of structure and function.                      Website: anatomytrains.com                        Email: info@anatomytrains.com             Facebook: facebook.com/AnatomyTrains                       Instagram: www.instagram.com/anatomytrainsofficial   YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2g6TOEFrX4b-CigknssKHA     

TikTok and other social media sites are full of mental health content—often short, grabby, first-person videos detailing symptoms for conditions like ADHD and autism. But what does this mean for teens and young adults who spend hours a day scrolling?A new study published in PLOS One analyzes the 100 most viewed TikTok videos about ADHD to assess both how accurate they are and how young people respond to them. Researchers found that about half of the videos were inaccurate or missing key context, and that the more TikToks young adults watched, the less critical they were of the content.For some, watching social videos about mental health conditions led them to better understand themselves and eventually get a proper diagnosis and treatment. For others it made them consider if they have conditions they don't meet the diagnostic criteria for.Host Flora Lichtman talks with the lead author of the ADHD TikTok study, Vasileia Karasavva, a PhD Student in clinical psychology at the University of British Columbia; and Dr. Jennifer Katzenstein, director of psychology, neuropsychology, and social work at Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital in St. Petersburg, Florida.Guests: Vasileia Karasavva is a PhD Student in Clinical Psychology at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada.Dr. Jennifer Katzenstein is Director of Psychology, Neuropsychology and Social work and Co-director of the Center for Behavioral Health at Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital in St. Petersburg, Florida. Transcripts for each episode are available at sciencefriday.com. Subscribe to this podcast. Plus, to stay updated on all things science, sign up for Science Friday's newsletters.

It's part 2 of our dive into the Insect Apocalypse, with our good friend Dr. Jason Dombroskie from the Cornell University Insect Collection!In this part, Jason fills us in on the drivers of the Insect Apocalypse and - most importantly - what we can do about it.This episode was recorded on August 21, 2025 at Rattlesnake Hill Wildlife Management Area in Dalton, NY.. Episode NotesDuring the episode, we made the claim that 40 million acres of the US is lawn, and that that area is equal to all of the country's National Parks put together. True? Well, sort of. The claim that the U.S. has about 40 million acres of lawn—roughly equal to all our national parks combined—is only partly true. A NASA-funded study led by Cristina Milesi estimated that turfgrass covers about 128,000 km² (≈31 million acres) of the continental U.S., making it the largest irrigated “crop” in the country (Milesi et al., Environmental Management, 2005; NASA Earth Observatory). Later analyses and popular summaries often round that up to ≈40 million acres (e.g., Scienceline, 2011; LawnStarter, 2023). By comparison, the total land area of all officially designated U.S. National Parks is about 52.4 million acres, while the entire National Park System—which also includes monuments, preserves, and historic sites—covers about 85 million acres (National Park Service, 2024). So while lawns and parks occupy areas of similar magnitude, lawns do not actually equal or exceed the combined area of the national parks. Is it better to mulch leaves on your lawn or leave them be? Here's what we found: It's generally best to mulch your leaves with a mower rather than rake or remove them. Research from Michigan State University found that mowing leaves into small pieces allows them to decompose quickly, returning nutrients to the soil and reducing weeds like dandelions and crabgrass (MSU Extension, “Don't rake leaves — mulch them into your lawn”, 2012). Cornell University studies similarly show that mulched leaves improve soil structure, moisture retention, and microbial activity (Cornell Cooperative Extension, “Leaf Mulching: A Sustainable Alternative”, 2019). However, in garden beds, wooded edges, or under shrubs, it's often better to leave leaves whole, since they provide winter habitat for butterflies, bees, and other invertebrates that overwinter in leaf litter (National Wildlife Federation, “Leave the Leaves for Wildlife”, 2020). The ideal approach is a mix: mow-mulch leaves on grassy areas for turf health and leave them intact where they naturally fall to support biodiversity and soil ecology. Episode LinksThe Cornell University Insect Collection Also, check out their great Instagram feedAnd their annual October event InsectapaloozaFind out more about the recently discovered species of Swallowtail, Papilio solstitius, commonly known as the Midsummer Tiger Swallowtail- https://www.sci.news/biology/papilio-solstitius-13710.htmlSponsors and Ways to Support UsThank you to Always Wandering Art (Website and Etsy Shop) for providing the artwork for many of our episodes.Support us on Patreon.Works CitedBiesmeijer, J.C., Roberts, S.P., Reemer, M., Ohlemuller, R., Edwards, M., Peeters, T., Schaffers, A.P., Potts, S.G., Kleukers, R.J.M.C., Thomas, C.D. and Settele, J., 2006. Parallel declines in pollinators and insect-pollinated plants in Britain and the Netherlands. Science, 313(5785), pp.351-354. Boyle, M.J., Bonebrake, T.C., Dias da Silva, K., Dongmo, M.A., Machado França, F., Gregory, N., Kitching, R.L., Ledger, M.J., Lewis, O.T., Sharp, A.C. and Stork, N.E., 2025. Causes and consequences of insect decline in tropical forests. Nature Reviews Biodiversity, pp.1-17. Burghardt, K.T., Tallamy, D.W., Philips, C. and Shropshire, K.J., 2010. Non‐native plants reduce abundance, richness, and host specialization in lepidopteran communities. Ecosphere, 1(5), pp.1-22. Colla, S.R. and Packer, L., 2008. Evidence for decline in eastern North American bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae), with special focus on Bombus affinis Cresson. Biodiversity and Conservation, 17(6), pp.1379-1391. Crossley, M.S., Meier, A.R., Baldwin, E.M., Berry, L.L., Crenshaw, L.C., Hartman, G.L., Lagos-Kutz, D., Nichols, D.H., Patel, K., Varriano, S. and Snyder, W.E., 2020. No net insect abundance and diversity declines across US Long Term Ecological Research sites. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 4(10), pp.1368-1376. DeWalt, R.E., Favret, C. and Webb, D.W., 2005. Just how imperiled are aquatic insects? A case study of stoneflies (Plecoptera) in Illinois. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 98(6), pp.941-950. Edwards, C.B., Zipkin, E.F., Henry, E.H., Haddad, N.M., Forister, M.L., Burls, K.J., Campbell, S.P., Crone, E.E., Diffendorfer, J., Douglas, M.R. and Drum, R.G., 2025. Rapid butterfly declines across the United States during the 21st century. Science, 387(6738), pp.1090-1094. Gaona, F.P., Iñiguez-Armijos, C., Brehm, G., Fiedler, K. and Espinosa, C.I., 2021. Drastic loss of insects (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in urban landscapes in a tropical biodiversity hotspot. Journal of Insect Conservation, 25(3), pp.395-405. Gardiner, M.M., Allee, L.L., Brown, P.M., Losey, J.E., Roy, H.E. and Smyth, R.R., 2012. Lessons from lady beetles: accuracy of monitoring data from US and UK citizen‐science programs. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 10(9), pp.471-476. Groenendijk, D. and van der Meulen, J., 2004. Conservation of moths in The Netherlands: population trends, distribution patterns and monitoring techniques of day-flying moths. Journal of Insect Conservation, 8(2), pp.109-118. Haddad, N.M., Haarstad, J. and Tilman, D., 2000. The effects of long-term nitrogen loading on grassland insect communities. Oecologia, 124(1), pp.73-84. Hallmann, C.A., Sorg, M., Jongejans, E., Siepel, H., Hofland, N., Schwan, H., Stenmans, W., Müller, A., Sumser, H., Hörren, T. and Goulson, D., 2017. More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas. PLoS ONE12 (10): e0185809 Hallmann, C.A., Ssymank, A., Sorg, M., de Kroon, H. and Jongejans, E., 2021. Insect biomass decline scaled to species diversity: General patterns derived from a hoverfly community. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(2), p.e2002554117. Harris, J.E., Rodenhouse, N.L. and Holmes, R.T., 2019. 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You see a headline: "Study Shows Coffee Drinkers Live Longer." You share it in 3 seconds flat. But here's what just happened—you confused correlation with causation, inductive observation with deductive proof, and you just became a vector for misinformation. Right now, millions of people are doing the exact same thing, spreading beliefs they think are facts, making decisions based on patterns that don't exist, all while feeling absolutely certain they're thinking clearly.   We live in a world drowning in information—but starving for truth. Every day, you're presented with hundreds of claims, arguments, and patterns. Some are solid. Most are not. And the difference between knowing which is which and just guessing? That's the difference between making good decisions and stumbling through life confused about why things keep going wrong.   Most of us have never been taught the difference between deductive and inductive reasoning. We stumble through life applying deductive certainty to inductive guesses, treating observations as proven facts, and wondering why our conclusions keep failing us. But once we understand which type of reasoning a situation demands, we gain something powerful—the ability to calibrate our confidence appropriately, recognize manipulation, and build every other thinking skill on a foundation that actually works.   By the end of this episode, you'll possess a practical toolkit for improving your logical reasoning—four core strategies, one quick-win technique, and a practice exercise you can start today.   This is Episode 2 of Thinking 101, a new 8-part series on essential thinking skills most of us never learned in school. Links to all episodes are in the description below.       What is Logical Reasoning? But what does logical reasoning entail? At its core, there are two fundamental ways humans draw conclusions, and you're using both right now without consciously choosing between them.   Deductive reasoning moves from general principles to specific conclusions with absolute certainty. If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true. "All mammals have hearts. Dogs are mammals. Therefore, dogs have hearts." There's no wiggle room—if those first two statements are true, the conclusion is guaranteed. This is the realm of mathematics, formal logic, and established law.   Inductive reasoning works in reverse, building from specific observations toward general principles with varying degrees of probability. You observe patterns and infer likely explanations. "I've seen 1,000 swans and they were all white, therefore all swans are probably white." This feels certain, but it's actually just highly probable based on limited evidence. History proved this reasoning wrong when black swans were discovered in Australia.   Both are tools. Neither is "better." The question is which tool fits the job—and whether you're using it correctly.       Loss of Logical Reasoning Skills Why does this matter? Because across every domain of life, this reasoning confusion is costing us.   In our social media consumption, we're drowning in inductive reasoning disguised as deductive proof. Researchers at MIT found that fake news spreads ten times faster than accurate reporting. Why? Because misleading content exploits this confusion. You see a viral post claiming "New study proves smartphones cause depression in teenagers," with graphs and official-looking citations. What you're actually seeing is inductive correlation presented as deductive causation—researchers observed that depressed teenagers often use smartphones more, but that doesn't prove smartphones caused the depression.   And this is where it gets truly terrifying—I need you to hear this carefully:   In 2015, researchers tried to replicate 100 psychology studies published in top scientific journals. Only 36% held up. Read that again: Nearly two-thirds of peer-reviewed, published research couldn't be reproduced. And those false studies? Still being cited. Still shaping policy. Still being shared as "science proves." You're building your worldview on a foundation where 64% of the bricks are made of air.   In our personal relationships, we constantly make inductive inferences about people's intentions and treat them as deductive facts. Your partner forgets to text back three times this week. You observe the pattern, inductively infer "they're losing interest," then act with deductive certainty—becoming distant, accusatory, or defensive. But what if those three instances had three different explanations? What if the pattern we detected isn't actually a pattern at all? We say "you always" or "you never" based on three data points. We end relationships over patterns that never existed.   So why didn't anyone teach us this? Traditional schooling focuses on teaching us what to think—facts, formulas, established knowledge. Deductive reasoning gets attention in math class as a mechanical process for solving equations. Inductive reasoning gets buried in science class, completely disconnected from actual decision-making. We graduated with facts crammed into our heads but no framework for evaluating new claims.   But that changes now.       How To Improve Your Logical Reasoning You now understand the two reasoning systems and why mixing them up is costing you. Let's fix that. These five strategies will give you immediate control over your logical reasoning—starting with the most foundational skill and building to a technique you can use in your next conversation. Label Your Reasoning Type The first step to improving your logical reasoning is becoming aware of which system you're using—and we rarely stop to check.   We flip between deductive and inductive thinking dozens of times per day without realizing it. You see your colleague get promoted after working late, and you instantly conclude that working late leads to promotion—that's inductive. But you're treating it like a deductive rule: "If I work late, I WILL get promoted." The moment you label which type you're using, you regain control.   Start with a daily reasoning journal. At the end of each day, write down three conclusions you made—about people, work, news, anything.   For each conclusion, ask: "What evidence led me here?" If it's general rules applied to specifics (all mammals have hearts, dogs are mammals), you used deduction. If it's patterns from observations (I've seen this three times), you used induction.   Label each one: "D" for deductive, "I" for inductive. This creates conscious awareness. You'll likely find 80-90% of your daily reasoning is inductive—but you've been treating it as deductive certainty.   When you catch yourself saying "always," "never," "definitely," stop and ask: "Is this deductive certainty or inductive probability?" That single pause changes everything.   Practice in real-time during conversations. When someone makes a claim, silently label it: deductive or inductive? Weak reasoning becomes obvious instantly.   After one week of journaling, review your entries. Patterns emerge in your reasoning errors—specific topics where you consistently overstate certainty, or people you make assumptions about. This awareness is the foundation for improvement.       Calibrate Your Confidence Once you've labeled your reasoning type, the next step is matching your certainty level to the strength of your evidence.   Here's where most people fail: they feel 100% certain about conclusions built on three observations. Your brain doesn't naturally calibrate—it defaults to "this feels true, therefore it IS true." But when you explicitly assign probability levels to inductive conclusions, you stop making the most common reasoning error: treating patterns as proven facts.   For every inductive conclusion, assign a percentage. "Given these five observations, I'm 60% confident this pattern is real." Never use 100% for inductive reasoning—by definition, inductive conclusions are probabilistic, not certain.   Use this language shift in conversations: Replace "You always ignore my suggestions" with "I've brought up ideas in the last two meetings and haven't heard feedback, which makes me about 40% confident there's a communication pattern worth discussing." Replace "This definitely works" with "From what I've seen, I'm 70% confident this approach is effective."   Create a certainty threshold for action. Decide: "I need 70% confidence before I make a major decision based on inductive reasoning." This prevents impulsive moves based on weak patterns. Below 50%? Keep observing. Above 80%? Worth acting on.   Keep a confidence log for one week. Write your predictions with probability levels ("80% confident it will rain tomorrow," "60% confident this project will succeed"). Then check if you were right. This trains your calibration. You'll discover whether you're overstating or understating your certainty—and you can adjust.   When someone presents "definitive" claims based on inductive evidence, ask: "What certainty level would you assign that? 60%? 90%?" Watch them realize they've been overstating their case. This question immediately disrupts manipulation.       Hunt for Contradictions Your brain naturally seeks confirming evidence and ignores contradictions—this strategy forces you to do the opposite.   Confirmation bias is the enemy of good inductive reasoning. Once you believe something, your brain becomes a heat-seeking missile for evidence that supports it. The only antidote? Actively hunt for evidence that contradicts your conclusion. It's uncomfortable, yes, but it's the difference between being right and feeling right.   For every inductive conclusion you reach, set a 24-hour "contradiction hunt." Your job is to find at least two pieces of evidence that contradict your conclusion. If you believe "remote work increases productivity," you must find credible sources claiming the opposite.   Use search terms designed to find opposites. Search for "remote work decreases productivity study" or "evidence against intermittent fasting." Force-feed yourself the other side. Google's algorithm wants to confirm your beliefs—you have to actively fight it.   Create a contradiction column in your reasoning journal. For each conclusion (left column), list contradicting evidence (right column). If you can't find any contradictions, you haven't looked hard enough—or you're in an echo chamber.   In debates or discussions, argue the opposite position for 5 minutes. Seriously. If you believe X, spend 5 minutes making the best possible case for NOT X. This breaks confirmation bias and reveals holes in your reasoning you couldn't see before.   Before sharing anything on social media, spend 2 minutes actively searching for contradicting evidence. Search "[claim] debunked" or "[claim] false" or look for the opposite perspective. If you find credible contradictions, pause. The claim is disputed. Either don't share it, or share it with context like "Interesting claim, though [credible source] disputes this because..." This habit trains you to think critically before becoming a misinformation vector.       Question the Sample Most bad inductive reasoning fails the sample size test—and almost no one thinks to ask. Here's the manipulation technique you need to spot: Someone shows you three examples and declares a universal truth. "I know three people who got rich with crypto, therefore crypto makes everyone rich." Three examples. Seven billion people. Your brain treats this as evidence—until you ask about the total number. This question alone dismantles 90% of weak arguments. Every time someone makes an inductive claim, ask out loud: "How many observations is that based on?" Three? Thirty? Three thousand? The number matters enormously. One person's experience is an anecdote. Ten similar experiences start to suggest a pattern. A hundred becomes meaningful. A thousand builds real confidence. Learn the rough sample sizes for different certainty levels. For casual patterns: 10-20 observations. For moderate confidence: 100-500. For high confidence: 1,000+. For scientific certainty: 10,000+. Five examples claiming certainty? That's weak, and now you know it. Always check the total number—whether it's called sample size, denominator, or population. When someone shows examples or cites a study, ask: "Out of how many total?" Three testimonials mean nothing without knowing if it's 3 out of 10 (30% success rate) or 3 out of 10,000 (0.03%). When reading headlines like "Study shows X," click through and find the sample size. "Study of 12 people" is not the same as "Study of 12,000 people." The total number is usually hidden because it reveals how weak the claim really is. In your own reasoning, track your sample. Before concluding "this restaurant is always slow," count: how many times have you been there? Three? That's not "always"—that's barely data. You need at least 10 visits across different times and days before you can claim a pattern. Challenge yourself: Can you find a larger sample that contradicts your small sample? If your three experiences clash with 3,000 online reviews saying the opposite, which should you trust? The larger sample wins unless you have specific reasons to believe it's biased.       The One-Word Test (Quick Win) Here's a technique you can implement in the next 30 seconds that will immediately improve your logical reasoning: stop using absolute language.   Every time you're about to say "always" or "never," catch yourself and replace it with "usually" or "rarely." Every time you're about to say "definitely" or "certainly," use "probably" or "likely" instead.   This single word swap trains your brain to think probabilistically. It acknowledges that most of your reasoning is inductive—based on patterns, not guarantees. And here's the bonus: people will perceive you as more credible because you're not overstating your case.   Try it right now in your next conversation. Watch how often you reach for absolute language—and how much clearer your thinking becomes when you don't use it.       Practice The most effective way to internalize these strategies is through practice with real-world scenarios. The Pattern Detective Challenge Find three claims from your social media feed today—anything that declares a pattern, trend, or "truth" (health advice, political claims, life advice, product recommendations).   For each claim, identify: Is this deductive or inductive reasoning? Write it down. Most will be inductive disguised as deductive. "This supplement WILL boost your energy" sounds deductive, but it's based on inductive observations.   If inductive, assess the sample size. How many observations is this based on? One person's testimonial? A study? How many participants? Is the sample representative of the broader population?   Assign a certainty level. Given the sample size and quality of evidence, what probability would you assign this claim? 30%? 60%? 90%? Be honest—most will be below 70%.   Hunt for contradictions. Spend 5 minutes finding evidence that contradicts the claim. Can you find it? How credible is it? Does it have a larger sample size than the original claim?   Rewrite the claim with calibrated language. Change "Intermittent fasting WILL make you healthier" to "From studies of X people, intermittent fasting appears to improve some health markers for some people, though individual results vary—confidence level: 65%."   Share your analysis with someone. Explain your reasoning process. Teaching others reinforces your own learning and reveals gaps you didn't notice.   Repeat this exercise 3 times per week for one month. By the end, automatic evaluation becomes second nature. You won't need to think about it—it just happens.       The Rewards The journey of improving your logical reasoning is ongoing, but the rewards compound quickly.   You become nearly impossible to manipulate. When you can spot the difference between inductive observation and deductive proof, 90% of manipulation tactics stop working. The car salesman's pitch falls flat. The political ad looks transparent. The social media rage-bait loses its power.   Your relationships improve dramatically. When you stop saying "you always" and start saying "I've noticed this three times," you create space for understanding instead of defensiveness. Conflicts become conversations. Assumptions become questions.   Your professional credibility skyrockets. Leaders who can distinguish between strong deductive arguments and weak inductive patterns make better strategic decisions. When you speak with calibrated confidence—saying "I'm 70% confident" instead of "I'm absolutely certain"—people trust your judgment more, not less.   You build a foundation for every other thinking skill. Spotting logical fallacies, evaluating evidence, resisting cognitive biases, asking better questions—all of these depend on understanding which type of reasoning you're using and which type the situation demands.   You're not just learning a thinking skill—you're installing psychological armor that most people don't even know exists. And in a world where manipulation is the norm, that makes you dangerous to anyone trying to control you. Every week on Substack, I go deeper—sharing personal examples, failed experiments, and lessons I couldn't fit in the video. It's like the director's cut. This week's Substack deep dive into a logical reasoning failure can be found at: https://philmckinney.substack.com/p/kroger-copied-hps-innovation-playbook        Your Thinking 101 Journey This is Episode 2 of Thinking 101: The Essential Skills They Never Taught You—an 8-part foundation series where each episode unlocks the next.   If you missed Episode 1, "Why Thinking Skills Matter Now More Than Ever," start there. It explains why this entire skillset has become essential.   Up next: Episode 3, "Causal Thinking: Beyond Correlation." You'll learn how to distinguish between things that simply happen together and things that actually cause each other—transforming how you evaluate health claims, business strategies, and relationship patterns.   Hit that subscribe button so you don't miss any future episodes. Also - hit the like and notification bell. It helps with the algorithm so others see our content. Why not share this video with a coworker or a family member who you think would benefit from it? …     Because right now, while you've been watching this, someone just shared a lie that felt like truth. The only question is: will you be able to tell the difference?     SOURCES CITED IN THIS EPISODE MIT Media Lab – Misinformation Spread Rate Vosoughi, S., Roy, D., & Aral, S. (2018). The spread of true and false news online. Science, 359(6380), 1146-1151. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9559 Indiana University – Misinformation Superspreaders DeVerna, M. R., Aiyappa, R., Pacheco, D., Bryden, J., & Menczer, F. (2024). Identifying and characterizing superspreaders of low-credibility content on Twitter. PLOS ONE, 19(5), e0302201. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302201 Open Science Collaboration – The Replication Crisis Open Science Collaboration. (2015). Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science. Science, 349(6251), aac4716. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac4716     ADDITIONAL READING On Inductive Reasoning and Uncertainty Taleb, N. N. (2007). The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable. Random House. On Cognitive Biases and Decision-Making Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, Fast and Slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. On Confirmation Bias Nickerson, R. S. (1998). Confirmation bias: A ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises. Review of General Psychology, 2(2), 175-220. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.2.2.175 On Scientific Reproducibility Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2005). Why most published research findings are false. PLOS Medicine, 2(8), e124. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020124       Note: All sources cited in this episode have been accessed and verified as of October 2025. The studies referenced are peer-reviewed academic research published in reputable scientific journals, including Science and PLOS ONE.  

Stress isn't just something to “manage” — it's a signal, a teacher, and often, an invitation to look deeper at our health, our choices, and our lives. In this solo episode, Darin reframes stress not as an enemy, but as a dashboard light pointing toward misalignments in our nervous system, environment, relationships, and purpose. Drawing on science, practical tools, and personal insight, Darin reveals how layered stress silently drains our vitality — and how to transform it into an ally for growth, healing, and deeper contentment. Whether it's hidden trauma, toxic environments, unresolved conflict, or the modern distractions constantly pulling at our attention, Darin lays out a roadmap to stop the leaks and reclaim the energy already within you. This episode is a powerful reminder: stress isn't the end of the story — it's the beginning of awareness, safety, and a super life.     What You'll Learn in This Episode [00:00] Introduction to the Super Life podcast [03:27] Why stress might not be your enemy [04:17] Stress as an ally: the signals it gives us about misalignment [04:32] The dashboard light metaphor: how stress reveals hidden issues [05:28] The illusion of “no choice” and the infinite possibilities always available [06:12] Global stress statistics and why most people underestimate their stress load [07:23] Hidden stress revealed through heart rate variability and physiology [08:23] Layered stress: how sleep, exercise, and poor choices compound each other [09:25] Safety vs. calm — why your nervous system craves safety first [10:15] Trauma and the unconscious mind: how old wounds drive our stress response [11:54] Inner narratives and negative self-talk as hidden stress multipliers [12:22] The role of community and your social field in stress and resilience [13:53] Relationships, honesty, and how your circle shapes your energy [14:55] Why boundaries around media and politics are vital for mental clarity [17:42] Finding micro-purpose when life feels overwhelming [18:52] Environmental layers of stress — light, air, and clutter [19:15] The existential layer: stress from living without service or purpose [20:12] Stress as a risk amplifier — how it undermines healing and health [20:55] The deeper truth of safety, connection, and higher power [23:00] Practical tools: breathing, grounding, nature, and conscious choices [24:01] Trauma reframed: not a problem, but a protector at the time [25:25] Lessons from Peter Levine and wild animals: releasing trauma physically [26:04] Questions to ask trauma: “What are you protecting me from?” [26:56] Stress as a multiplier of aging, disease, and poor outcomes [29:20] Why stress isn't a single cause — it's layered and chronic [30:18] Anti-stress strategies: circadian rhythm, nature, and gratitude [31:49] Energy leaks to avoid: clutter, poor food, scrolling, bad boundaries [32:22] What matters most: service, contribution, and alignment [33:28] Final toolkit: breathwork, movement, nature, sleep, and gratitude [34:38] The deeper invitation: step into sovereignty and live your SuperLife     Thank You to Our Sponsors: Manna Vitality: Go to mannavitality.com/  or use code DARIN20 for 20% off your order. Bite Toothpaste: Go to trybite.com/DARIN20 or use code DARIN20 for 20% off your first order.     Find More from Darin Olien: Instagram: @darinolien Podcast: SuperLife Podcast Website: superlife.com Book: Fatal Conveniences Check out my podcast with Dr. Amy Abbington     Key Takeaway “Stress is not the enemy. It's a dashboard light — a teacher showing you where you're out of alignment. When you reframe stress, you reclaim your energy and create space for healing, safety, and the joy of living a super life.”     Bibliography (selected, peer-reviewed) Sources: Gallup Global Emotions (2024); Gallup U.S. polling (2024); APA Stress in America (2023); Natarajan et al., Lancet Digital Health (2020); Orini et al., UK Biobank (2023); Martinez et al. (2022); Leiden University (2025). Cohen S, Tyrrell DA, Smith AP. Psychological stress and susceptibility to the common cold. N Engl J Med.1991;325(9):606–612. New England Journal of Medicine Cohen S, et al. 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