Draft
The Zo Williams: Voice of Reason podcast is truly a game-changer. As a young black man from Inglewood, I have found immense value in listening to this show and it has helped me become a better person. Mr. Williams' words have had a profound impact on me and I find myself going back to old episodes just to relisten to certain lessons. The show covers various relationship topics and conversations, sparking the interest of the mind and providing new ideas for personal growth.
One of the best aspects of The Zo Williams: Voice of Reason podcast is the depth of knowledge and wisdom that Mr. Williams brings to each episode. He is incredibly knowledgeable in philosophy, religion, and especially relationships. His expertise shines through as he informs his audience in a relatable way, often with humor sprinkled in. I have learned so much from listening to Zo over the years and his presence has truly changed my life for the better.
Another great aspect of this podcast is its ability to center both the caller and listener, creating a safe space for open dialogue and self-reflection. It's refreshing to have mindful content that feels FUBU (for us, by us). Mr. Williams effortlessly invigorates the spirit and invites change in individuals near and far. The show also offers loving correction when necessary, which is essential for our community's healing process. The Voice of Reason not only entertains but also provides practical advice that can be applied to everyday life.
While it's difficult to find any major drawbacks to The Zo Williams: Voice of Reason podcast, one minor criticism could be that some episodes may feel repetitive if you've been following the show for a long time. However, given the wealth of knowledge shared by Mr. Williams, it's understandable that similar themes may come up across different episodes.
In conclusion, I can't recommend The Zo Williams: Voice of Reason podcast enough. It is truly one of the best relationship shows out there, offering a uniquely genuine perspective that is void of dogma, self-hate, or gender wars. Mr. Williams' ability to unearth the jewels of our own experiences and share them with the masses is remarkable. If you're looking for a podcast that will challenge your thinking, inspire personal growth, and provide practical advice for relationships, this is the show for you. Thank you, Zo Williams, for providing light to those who strive to be the best version of themselves.

The modern crisis of intimacy does not arise because men fear evolved women or because women intimidate fragile men, but because both genders continue to perform inherited power roles whose original survival functions have expired, mistaking insulation for wholeness and usefulness for belonging while intimacy quietly exits the structure.

The modern crisis of intimacy does not arise because men fear evolved women or because women intimidate fragile men, but because both genders continue to perform inherited power roles whose original survival functions have expired, mistaking insulation for wholeness and usefulness for belonging while intimacy quietly exits the structure.

Tonight's conversation presses on a quiet contradiction many people live inside but rarely name: the claim of forgetting someone without ever forgiving them. The show interrogates whether “forgetting” actually releases anything—or whether it simply relocates attachment into silence, physiology, repetition, and future relationships. We examine a destabilizing possibility: effortful forgetting often functions as proof of continuation, not closure. If something requires maintenance, vigilance, or suppression, it still occupies space. The ledger never closes; it just goes underground. This episode dismantles the cultural shortcuts that pass as emotional maturity—forgetting, forgiveness, acceptance—and exposes how often these gestures operate as exits rather than resolutions. Forgetting demands weekly labor. Forgiveness without accountability reorganizes power. Acceptance without cost accounting converts endurance into virtue. The nervous system does not respond to declarations; it tracks threat resolution. What cognition suppresses, the body remembers. What language redeems, behavior contradicts. The result shows up later: in repeated attraction patterns, exaggerated reactions to neutral triggers, shrinking life choices, and new partners paying old debts they never incurred.

The Spiritual Truman Show of Relationship presents human intimacy as a meticulously orchestrated system rather than a spontaneous romantic occurrence. It appears that each person we encounter is intentionally sent to awaken a specific aspect within us, within a highly reflective relational environment that is already finely tuned. —much like a universe governed by narrow physical constants that permit matter, stars, and life to cohere. Attraction, conflict, repetition, and rupture follow ratios, not randomness. What appears as chemistry or fate often reflects internal parameters that quietly determine which relational outcomes remain viable. Einstein's insight into universal constants revealed a cosmos balanced within razor-thin tolerances. Alter one value slightly and structure collapses. Human relationships seem to obey a similar architecture. Attachment strategies, nervous-system thresholds, and identity maintenance behaviors function like constants that shape relational gravity.

Most people do not struggle with love because they choose the wrong partners. They struggle because unresolved trauma retains decision-making authority over attraction, intimacy, and attachment—quietly selecting the future while consciousness explains it afterward. Until that authority transfers, every relationship functions as a rebound—not from a person, but from an unfinished past.

Tonight's conversation presses on a quiet contradiction many people live inside but rarely name: the claim of forgetting someone without ever forgiving them. The show interrogates whether “forgetting” actually releases anything—or whether it simply relocates attachment into silence, physiology, repetition, and future relationships. We examine a destabilizing possibility: effortful forgetting often functions as proof of continuation, not closure. If something requires maintenance, vigilance, or suppression, it still occupies space. The ledger never closes; it just goes underground. This episode dismantles the cultural shortcuts that pass as emotional maturity—forgetting, forgiveness, acceptance—and exposes how often these gestures operate as exits rather than resolutions. Forgetting demands weekly labor. Forgiveness without accountability reorganizes power. Acceptance without cost accounting converts endurance into virtue. The nervous system does not respond to declarations; it tracks threat resolution. What cognition suppresses, the body remembers. What language redeems, behavior contradicts. The result shows up later: in repeated attraction patterns, exaggerated reactions to neutral triggers, shrinking life choices, and new partners paying old debts they never incurred.

The Spiritual Truman Show of Relationship presents human intimacy as a meticulously orchestrated system rather than a spontaneous romantic occurrence. It appears that each person we encounter is intentionally sent to awaken a specific aspect within us, within a highly reflective relational environment that is already finely tuned. —much like a universe governed by narrow physical constants that permit matter, stars, and life to cohere. Attraction, conflict, repetition, and rupture follow ratios, not randomness. What appears as chemistry or fate often reflects internal parameters that quietly determine which relational outcomes remain viable. Einstein's insight into universal constants revealed a cosmos balanced within razor-thin tolerances. Alter one value slightly and structure collapses. Human relationships seem to obey a similar architecture. Attachment strategies, nervous-system thresholds, and identity maintenance behaviors function like constants that shape relational gravity.

Most people do not struggle with love because they choose the wrong partners. They struggle because unresolved trauma retains decision-making authority over attraction, intimacy, and attachment—quietly selecting the future while consciousness explains it afterward. Until that authority transfers, every relationship functions as a rebound—not from a person, but from an unfinished past.

A groundbreaking perspective on wholeness, individuation, spirituality, conscience relating, and the dissolution of expectations and needs within intimate relationships!

A groundbreaking perspective on wholeness, individuation, spirituality, conscience relating, and the dissolution of expectations and needs within intimate relationships!

Today's episode is not about narcissists. Today's episode is about the narcissistic paradox: the fact that we keep saying the problem is them when the issue also lives within us—in our attachment wiring, our nervous systems, our culture, our spiritual cravings, and our private incentives. Because let's stop pretending: if narcissists caused the entire problem by themselves, then they would not keep getting invited back into our lives. People do not merely “run into” egocentric partners. People orbit them. People stay. People explain. People spiritualize. People romanticize. And then people act surprised when the outcome matches the design.

Today's episode is not about narcissists. Today's episode is about the narcissistic paradox: the fact that we keep saying the problem is them when the issue also lives within us—in our attachment wiring, our nervous systems, our culture, our spiritual cravings, and our private incentives. Because let's stop pretending: if narcissists caused the entire problem by themselves, then they would not keep getting invited back into our lives. People do not merely “run into” egocentric partners. People orbit them. People stay. People explain. People spiritualize. People romanticize. And then people act surprised when the outcome matches the design.

Plato's cave is no longer a place of ignorance but a nervous system organized around familiarity. The chains are early attachment imprints; the shadows are trauma-bonded patterns mistaken for love. Neural biology prioritizes prediction over truth, so the brain confuses recognition with safety and repetition with intimacy. Attachment wounds project onto partners, turning chemistry into reenactment and connection into regulation. Leaving the cave is not acquiring insight but tolerating the collapse of familiar neural patterns long enough for presence to emerge. Those who see threaten the system because truth deregulates the known. Liberation in love occurs when the nervous system relinquishes pattern for presence.

A deeper exploration of the concept of being as faithful to your spouse as you are to your God. Does faith in God and in your spouse inherently mean the same thing?This episode includes AI-generated content.

Tonight dismantles the lie that harm announces itself. Barbara Oakley exposed pathological altruism as help unexamined—care that feeds on dependency while calling itself love. Emmanuel Levinas cautioned that ethics becomes violence when care totalizes the Other, when helping replaces encounter, when support erases difference rather than honors it.

Plato's cave is no longer a place of ignorance but a nervous system organized around familiarity. The chains are early attachment imprints; the shadows are trauma-bonded patterns mistaken for love. Neural biology prioritizes prediction over truth, so the brain confuses recognition with safety and repetition with intimacy. Attachment wounds project onto partners, turning chemistry into reenactment and connection into regulation. Leaving the cave is not acquiring insight but tolerating the collapse of familiar neural patterns long enough for presence to emerge. Those who see threaten the system because truth deregulates the known. Liberation in love occurs when the nervous system relinquishes pattern for presence.

A deeper exploration of the concept of being as faithful to your spouse as you are to your God. Does faith in God and in your spouse inherently mean the same thing?

Tonight dismantles the lie that harm announces itself. Barbara Oakley exposed pathological altruism as help unexamined—care that feeds on dependency while calling itself love. Emmanuel Levinas cautioned that ethics becomes violence when care totalizes the Other, when helping replaces encounter, when support erases difference rather than honors it.

Just as nations collapse when citizens demand more from the currency than the currency can provide, relationships collapse when partners demand emotional liquidity from partners who remain spiritually insolvent.

Just as nations collapse when citizens demand more from the currency than the currency can provide, relationships collapse when partners demand emotional liquidity from partners who remain spiritually insolvent.

It concerns who receives permission to define reality inside intimacy—and who quietly loses that permission without a vote. Most people believe they value truth. They say they want honesty. They claim openness. Yet inside their closest relationships, something strange happens. The closer the messenger stands, the less credible the message feels. The more a partner knows you, the less you trust what they see. Truth does not lose accuracy. Truth loses clearance. This phenomenon does not announce itself as cruelty. It disguises itself as discernment. The mind whispers, You feel too much. You take things personally. You bring history into everything. The words sound reasonable. The effect devastates intimacy.

It concerns who receives permission to define reality inside intimacy—and who quietly loses that permission without a vote. Most people believe they value truth. They say they want honesty. They claim openness. Yet inside their closest relationships, something strange happens. The closer the messenger stands, the less credible the message feels. The more a partner knows you, the less you trust what they see. Truth does not lose accuracy. Truth loses clearance. This phenomenon does not announce itself as cruelty. It disguises itself as discernment. The mind whispers, You feel too much. You take things personally. You bring history into everything. The words sound reasonable. The effect devastates intimacy.

Most people believe emotions happen to them. Clinically speaking, they do not. Emotions arise within the nervous system, shaped by history, attachment, memory, and interpretation. The moment a person treats emotion as something caused by another, authority transfers. That transfer appoints an emotional gatekeeper. This distinction matters because intimacy collapses the moment emotional authority leaves the self. Emotional accountability requires presence. It means staying with bodily sensation, affect, and interpretation long enough to identify one's role in the interaction without collapsing into defense, blame, or self-erasure. Accountability does not ask who caused the feeling. It asks what arose internally and why. This process restores authorship over one's emotional state.

Most people believe emotions happen to them. Clinically speaking, they do not. Emotions arise within the nervous system, shaped by history, attachment, memory, and interpretation. The moment a person treats emotion as something caused by another, authority transfers. That transfer appoints an emotional gatekeeper. This distinction matters because intimacy collapses the moment emotional authority leaves the self. Emotional accountability requires presence. It means staying with bodily sensation, affect, and interpretation long enough to identify one's role in the interaction without collapsing into defense, blame, or self-erasure. Accountability does not ask who caused the feeling. It asks what arose internally and why. This process restores authorship over one's emotional state.

Let's incinerate a sacred cow right now. Most folks enter relationships asking one loud question while simultaneously avoiding one dangerous truth. They ask, “What do you bring to the table?” They never ask, “What already sits inside you when you sit down at the table?” Because the table never holds only money, degrees, status, hustle, body, ambition, or provision. The table also holds your nervous system. Your attachment injuries. Your childhood negotiations for love. Your unfinished grief. Your relationship survival strategies are dressed up as an actual personality. And no amount of external success cancels that receipt. We built an entire culture around outsourced offerings. Who pays. Who protects. Who provides. Who performs competence. Who keeps the lights on and the peace intact. But peace never functioned as a transferable asset.

Let's incinerate a sacred cow right now. Most folks enter relationships asking one loud question while simultaneously avoiding one dangerous truth. They ask, “What do you bring to the table?” They never ask, “What already sits inside you when you sit down at the table?” Because the table never holds only money, degrees, status, hustle, body, ambition, or provision. The table also holds your nervous system. Your attachment injuries. Your childhood negotiations for love. Your unfinished grief. Your relationship survival strategies are dressed up as an actual personality. And no amount of external success cancels that receipt. We built an entire culture around outsourced offerings. Who pays. Who protects. Who provides. Who performs competence. Who keeps the lights on and the peace intact. But peace never functioned as a transferable asset.

Most people believe relationships fail because of incompatibility, poor communication, or unresolved conflict. This assumption misses the deeper architecture at work. In truth, many relationships collapse under the weight of an unexamined internal Trinity—a psychological and spiritual structure that governs perception long before intimacy begins. Within the psyche, the Father emerges as the Inner Lawgiver: the internalized authority formed from parents, culture, religion, ancestry, and fear. This Father does not ask who you are; it asks whether you measure up. It watches, evaluates, and judges. From this position, love becomes conditional and relational life becomes a courtroom governed by verdicts rather than presence. The Son appears as the self in relationship—the embodied ego, the attachment-wounded identity seeking approval, safety, and redemption. This is the part that enters intimacy carrying hope and terror in equal measure, unconsciously offering itself as evidence in a trial it never agreed to attend. When relationships become exhausting, it is often because the Son believes love must be earned, proven, or justified. The Holy Spirit, however, represents something radically different: direct perception. It is awareness without prosecution, presence without narrative, consciousness unmediated by fear or memory. Where the Spirit is absent, the Father judges and the Son performs. Where the Spirit is present, the courtroom dissolves. This is the heart of the Inner Jury Love Triangle. People do not relate directly; they litigate unconsciously. Partners become symbols, intimacy becomes evidence, and love becomes a verdict. Healing does not come from winning the case or finding the “right” person. It comes from restoring the Trinity—when authority becomes grounded rather than punitive, the self becomes embodied rather than defended, and presence replaces judgment entirely.

Most people believe relationships fail because of incompatibility, poor communication, or unresolved conflict. This assumption misses the deeper architecture at work. In truth, many relationships collapse under the weight of an unexamined internal Trinity—a psychological and spiritual structure that governs perception long before intimacy begins. Within the psyche, the Father emerges as the Inner Lawgiver: the internalized authority formed from parents, culture, religion, ancestry, and fear. This Father does not ask who you are; it asks whether you measure up. It watches, evaluates, and judges. From this position, love becomes conditional and relational life becomes a courtroom governed by verdicts rather than presence. The Son appears as the self in relationship—the embodied ego, the attachment-wounded identity seeking approval, safety, and redemption. This is the part that enters intimacy carrying hope and terror in equal measure, unconsciously offering itself as evidence in a trial it never agreed to attend. When relationships become exhausting, it is often because the Son believes love must be earned, proven, or justified. The Holy Spirit, however, represents something radically different: direct perception. It is awareness without prosecution, presence without narrative, consciousness unmediated by fear or memory. Where the Spirit is absent, the Father judges and the Son performs. Where the Spirit is present, the courtroom dissolves. This is the heart of the Inner Jury Love Triangle. People do not relate directly; they litigate unconsciously. Partners become symbols, intimacy becomes evidence, and love becomes a verdict. Healing does not come from winning the case or finding the “right” person. It comes from restoring the Trinity—when authority becomes grounded rather than punitive, the self becomes embodied rather than defended, and presence replaces judgment entirely.

Most people claim they want equality, partnership, balance, and mutuality. But deep in the nervous system lives Symmetry Terror—a visceral fear of standing in a relationship where: power is truly shared, both can leave, both can see and name the truth, Neither is superior nor safely inferior. Why It's Psychologically Counterintuitive We usually pathologize power imbalance. This topic says: we unconsciously seek imbalance because it feels safer than mutual exposure. Being “above” means control. Being “below” means moral innocence. Being “equal” means no hiding place. Psychiatric / Clinical Angle Frames certain “attachment issues” as defenses against symmetry: anxious types chase upward or downward asymmetry, avoidant types preserve distance to avoid symmetrical vulnerability. Re-interpret conflict cycles as covert attempts to break equality and restore a familiar hierarchy.

Most people claim they want equality, partnership, balance, and mutuality. But deep in the nervous system lives Symmetry Terror—a visceral fear of standing in a relationship where: power is truly shared, both can leave, both can see and name the truth, Neither is superior nor safely inferior. Why It's Psychologically Counterintuitive We usually pathologize power imbalance. This topic says: we unconsciously seek imbalance because it feels safer than mutual exposure. Being “above” means control. Being “below” means moral innocence. Being “equal” means no hiding place. Psychiatric / Clinical Angle Frames certain “attachment issues” as defenses against symmetry: anxious types chase upward or downward asymmetry, avoidant types preserve distance to avoid symmetrical vulnerability. Re-interpret conflict cycles as covert attempts to break equality and restore a familiar hierarchy.

A deeper exploration of Neville Goddard's law of assumption reveals that embodying what you desire from others in the present moment is the key to unlocking unconditional love!

A deeper exploration of Neville Goddard's law of assumption reveals that embodying what you desire from others in the present moment is the key to unlocking unconditional love!

Family… lean in and become intensely present. What you call a “connection” often behaves like a courtroom where your unhealed wounds keep sentencing you to life without parole. You think you choose a partner, but your nervous system—wired by abandonment, inconsistency, and chaos—often delivers a verdict well before you even take the stand in your own defense. Trauma bonds masquerade as divinely cosigned soul ties because pain speaks in a dialect you mistake for destiny.

Family… lean in and become intensely present. What you call a “connection” often behaves like a courtroom where your unhealed wounds keep sentencing you to life without parole. You think you choose a partner, but your nervous system—wired by abandonment, inconsistency, and chaos—often delivers a verdict well before you even take the stand in your own defense. Trauma bonds masquerade as divinely cosigned soul ties because pain speaks in a dialect you mistake for destiny.

Why We're Drawn to the People Who Grow Us Up” Let me ask you a question that sits underneath every heartbreak you never understood: Do you really choose the people you love… or do you recognize them? I'm not talking about fate, destiny, or some cosmic dating app in the sky. I'm talking about the strange, magnetic tug-of-war between your nervous system, your childhood, and your unfinished emotional curriculum. The way two people—who swear they want peace—get pulled into a dance their bodies learned long before they ever met.

You are never in a relationship with just one person — you're in parallel relationships with multiple internal versions of them: the one your inner child invented, the one your fear edits, the one your fantasy upgrades, and the actual human standing in front of you.

Why We're Drawn to the People Who Grow Us Up” Let me ask you a question that sits underneath every heartbreak you never understood: Do you really choose the people you love… or do you recognize them? I'm not talking about fate, destiny, or some cosmic dating app in the sky. I'm talking about the strange, magnetic tug-of-war between your nervous system, your childhood, and your unfinished emotional curriculum. The way two people—who swear they want peace—get pulled into a dance their bodies learned long before they ever met.

You are never in a relationship with just one person — you're in parallel relationships with multiple internal versions of them: the one your inner child invented, the one your fear edits, the one your fantasy upgrades, and the actual human standing in front of you.

Age-gap relationships defy linear time. They produce relational paradoxes that neither culture nor psychology fully resolves. In conventional discourse, we treat age as a number, a simple demographic variable. Yet when examined through the lenses of consciousness studies (Hawkins), holographic reality (Bentov), dialogical exploration (Bohm), trauma theory (Rothschild & Carnes), and nonduality (Krishnamurti), age mutates into something far deeper: a psychological currency.

Age-gap relationships defy linear time. They produce relational paradoxes that neither culture nor psychology fully resolves. In conventional discourse, we treat age as a number, a simple demographic variable. Yet when examined through the lenses of consciousness studies (Hawkins), holographic reality (Bentov), dialogical exploration (Bohm), trauma theory (Rothschild & Carnes), and nonduality (Krishnamurti), age mutates into something far deeper: a psychological currency.

The figure of “Mr. Medium Ugly” functions not only as a safe harbor for those tired of chaos, but also as a strategic target for partners who seek comfort, status, or security without reciprocal emotional labor.

The figure of “Mr. Medium Ugly” functions not only as a safe harbor for those tired of chaos, but also as a strategic target for partners who seek comfort, status, or security without reciprocal emotional labor.

Dysfunctional Holidays: The Theater of Cheer Built on Generational Silence Dysfunctional holidays often function as yearly rituals of emotional distortion, not celebrations of genuine connection. Family members gather inside a carefully curated illusion—lights, meals, rituals, nostalgia—designed to smother the wounds no one dares confront. As Gibson explains, emotionally immature families lack the capacity for honest intimacy, so holiday cheer operates as a behavioral directive: smile, comply, perform, forget. This script conditions each participant, Skinner-style, to associate approval with self-abandonment and disapproval with truth-telling.

Dysfunctional Holidays: The Theater of Cheer Built on Generational Silence Dysfunctional holidays often function as yearly rituals of emotional distortion, not celebrations of genuine connection. Family members gather inside a carefully curated illusion—lights, meals, rituals, nostalgia—designed to smother the wounds no one dares confront. As Gibson explains, emotionally immature families lack the capacity for honest intimacy, so holiday cheer operates as a behavioral directive: smile, comply, perform, forget. This script conditions each participant, Skinner-style, to associate approval with self-abandonment and disapproval with truth-telling.

The Relationship That Never Happened: How the Nervous System Fakes Love, Invents Alternatives, and Bypasses the One Person You've Never Met — Yourself.” We were taught to believe relationships happen between two people. This is the first illusion. No relationship actually occurs between two people — it occurs between two nervous systems, two projection factories, two reality filters built not from truth, but from unresolved emotional time zones still living in the past.

As it pertains to maintaining healthy relationships/marriages, is having a “Panglossian”mindset, merely toxic positivity, dressed up with fancy vocabulary? What are the key differences between a Panglossian mindset and Krishnamurti's concept of choiceless awareness, or the mindfulness concept of non-attachment?

As it pertains to maintaining healthy relationships/marriages, is having a “Panglossian”mindset, merely toxic positivity, dressed up with fancy vocabulary? What are the key differences between a Panglossian mindset and Krishnamurti's concept of choiceless awareness, or the mindfulness concept of non-attachment?

Sex as the Theater of Trauma, the Refuge of the Fragmented, and the Doorway to the Self We Fear to Meet. Krishnamurti said the human mind is endlessly escaping itself through entertainment, through belief, through identity, through addiction and sex is the most socially acceptable escape of all. Not because sex is wrong.

The modern cult of “holding space” has become a sanctuary for avoidance. We glorify tolerance while privately hemorrhaging self-respect. The phrase once meant presence; now it often means paralysis. Hold Dis L detonates the myth that unconditional compassion justifies self-erasure. Krishnamurti warned that conformity masquerades as kindness; Hawkins proved that guilt vibrates lower than anger. Together they whisper: love without discernment isn't love—it's spiritual codependency with better vocabulary.

The modern cult of “holding space” has become a sanctuary for avoidance. We glorify tolerance while privately hemorrhaging self-respect. The phrase once meant presence; now it often means paralysis. Hold Dis L detonates the myth that unconditional compassion justifies self-erasure. Krishnamurti warned that conformity masquerades as kindness; Hawkins proved that guilt vibrates lower than anger. Together they whisper: love without discernment isn't love—it's spiritual codependency with better vocabulary.

Many Civilizations confuse anesthesia with peace. Likewise, many men hide behind polished restraint, while mistaking numbness for nobility. Their smiles function as fences; their empathy, as anesthetic. They imitate kindness the way machines imitate breath—accurate, efficient, even lifeless. This counterfeit softness originates not in compassion but in fear—the reflex of a boy who learned that “tendernism” invited punishment. He grows into a man who calls avoidance “balance,” submission from the other “respect,” and self-erasure “love.” Psychiatry observes this as the fawn response: appeasement weaponized as a tool of survival. Neuroscience reveals its circuitry—cortisol suppressed by oxytocin, adrenaline redirected into charm. Anthropology names it the domestication of the male spirit: the tribe praises his calm while his vitality dies under applause of performance based acceptance. Religion sanctifies the same paralysis, rewarding meekness without presence, obedience without awareness. Such manhood performs serenity yet radiates suffocation. He cannot create; he can only consent.