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Link to original articleWelcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: How well do truth probes generalise?, published by mishajw on February 25, 2024 on LessWrong. Representation engineering (RepEng) has emerged as a promising research avenue for model interpretability and control. Recent papers have proposed methods for discovering truth in models with unlabeled data, guiding generation by modifying representations, and building LLM lie detectors. RepEng asks the question: If we treat representations as the central unit, how much power do we have over a model's behaviour? Most techniques use linear probes to monitor and control representations. An important question is whether the probes generalise. If we train a probe on the truths and lies about the locations of cities, will it generalise to truths and lies about Amazon review sentiment? This report focuses on truth due to its relevance to safety, and to help narrow the work. Generalisation is important. Humans typically have one generalised notion of "truth", and it would be enormously convenient if language models also had just one[1]. This would result in extremely robust model insights: every time the model "lies", this is reflected in its "truth vector", so we could detect intentional lies perfectly, and perhaps even steer away from them. We find that truth probes generalise surprisingly well, with the 36% of methodologies recovering >80% of the accuracy on out-of-distribution datasets compared with training directly on the datasets. The best probe recovers 92% accuracy. Thanks to Hoagy Cunningham for feedback and advice. Thanks to LISA for hosting me while I did a lot of this work. Code is available at mishajw/repeng, along with steps for reproducing datasets and plots. Methods We run all experiments on Llama-2-13b-chat, for parity with the source papers. Each probe is trained on 400 questions, and evaluated on 2000 different questions, although numbers may be lower for smaller datasets. What makes a probe? A probe is created using a training dataset, a probe algorithm, and a layer. We pass the training dataset through the model, extracting activations[2] just after a given layer. We then run some statistics over the activations, where the exact technique can vary significantly - this is the probe algorithm - and this creates a linear probe. Probe algorithms and datasets are listed below. A probe allows us to take the activations, and produce a scalar value where larger values represent "truth" and smaller values represent "lies". The probe is always linear. It's defined by a vector (v), and we use it by calculating the dot-product against the activations (a): vTa. In most cases, we can avoid picking a threshold to distinguish between truth and lies (see appendix for details). We always take the activations from the last token position in the prompt. For the majority of the datasets, the factuality of the text is only revealed at the last token, for example if saying true/false or A/B/C/D. For this report, we've replicated the probing algorithm and datasets from three papers: Discovering Latent Knowledge in Language Models Without Supervision (DLK). Representation Engineering: A Top-Down Approach to AI Transparency (RepE). The Geometry of Truth: Emergent Linear Structure in Large Language Model Representations of True/False Datasets (GoT). We also borrow a lot of terminology from Eliciting Latent Knowledge from Quirky Language Models (QLM), which offers another great comparison between probe algorithms. Probe algorithms The DLK, RepE, GoT, and QLM papers describe eight probe algorithms. For each algorithm, we can ask whether it's supervised and whether it uses grouped data. Supervised algorithms use the true/false labels to discover probes. This should allow better performance when truth isn't salient in the activations. However, using supervised data encourages the probes to ...
Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: How well do truth probes generalise?, published by mishajw on February 25, 2024 on LessWrong. Representation engineering (RepEng) has emerged as a promising research avenue for model interpretability and control. Recent papers have proposed methods for discovering truth in models with unlabeled data, guiding generation by modifying representations, and building LLM lie detectors. RepEng asks the question: If we treat representations as the central unit, how much power do we have over a model's behaviour? Most techniques use linear probes to monitor and control representations. An important question is whether the probes generalise. If we train a probe on the truths and lies about the locations of cities, will it generalise to truths and lies about Amazon review sentiment? This report focuses on truth due to its relevance to safety, and to help narrow the work. Generalisation is important. Humans typically have one generalised notion of "truth", and it would be enormously convenient if language models also had just one[1]. This would result in extremely robust model insights: every time the model "lies", this is reflected in its "truth vector", so we could detect intentional lies perfectly, and perhaps even steer away from them. We find that truth probes generalise surprisingly well, with the 36% of methodologies recovering >80% of the accuracy on out-of-distribution datasets compared with training directly on the datasets. The best probe recovers 92% accuracy. Thanks to Hoagy Cunningham for feedback and advice. Thanks to LISA for hosting me while I did a lot of this work. Code is available at mishajw/repeng, along with steps for reproducing datasets and plots. Methods We run all experiments on Llama-2-13b-chat, for parity with the source papers. Each probe is trained on 400 questions, and evaluated on 2000 different questions, although numbers may be lower for smaller datasets. What makes a probe? A probe is created using a training dataset, a probe algorithm, and a layer. We pass the training dataset through the model, extracting activations[2] just after a given layer. We then run some statistics over the activations, where the exact technique can vary significantly - this is the probe algorithm - and this creates a linear probe. Probe algorithms and datasets are listed below. A probe allows us to take the activations, and produce a scalar value where larger values represent "truth" and smaller values represent "lies". The probe is always linear. It's defined by a vector (v), and we use it by calculating the dot-product against the activations (a): vTa. In most cases, we can avoid picking a threshold to distinguish between truth and lies (see appendix for details). We always take the activations from the last token position in the prompt. For the majority of the datasets, the factuality of the text is only revealed at the last token, for example if saying true/false or A/B/C/D. For this report, we've replicated the probing algorithm and datasets from three papers: Discovering Latent Knowledge in Language Models Without Supervision (DLK). Representation Engineering: A Top-Down Approach to AI Transparency (RepE). The Geometry of Truth: Emergent Linear Structure in Large Language Model Representations of True/False Datasets (GoT). We also borrow a lot of terminology from Eliciting Latent Knowledge from Quirky Language Models (QLM), which offers another great comparison between probe algorithms. Probe algorithms The DLK, RepE, GoT, and QLM papers describe eight probe algorithms. For each algorithm, we can ask whether it's supervised and whether it uses grouped data. Supervised algorithms use the true/false labels to discover probes. This should allow better performance when truth isn't salient in the activations. However, using supervised data encourages the probes to ...
In the latest episode of print's podcast "It's Been A Big Month in Print," industry insiders Wayne Robinson and Lindy Hughson analyse, assess, and interpret the major news, trends, issues and developments from January.We start off by reviewing the changes in leadership seen at top tier print operations Pegasus and Southern Impact, and explore their current state and ambitions as they seek to build on the platform their former leaders have left them with. We also discuss Screen's 20,000 CTP installation milestone and the impact CTP has had on the industry. The discussion then moves to unpacking the factors behind Starleaton and All Flags going into voluntary administration, and asks why, when the wide format sector continues to flourish.This month we also review QLM's opening of its new $22m Vietnam plant, and assess whether the success of the very few ANZ print operations that have had overseas ambitions for growth beyond our own borders can be replicated. We also mourn the loss of Tom Lusch of Platypus Print Packaging, and paper identity Gordon Anthonisz, and look at their legacies.LINKS:Atkinson New CEO at Pegasuswww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/atkinson-new-ceo-at-pegasusScreen Hits 20,000 CTP Installationswww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/screen-hits-20-000-ctp-installationsStarleaton Under Administrationwww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/starleaton-under-administrationAll Flags Back From Brinkwww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/all-flags-back-from-brinkFespa Global Will Have 500 Exhibitorswww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/fespa-global-will-have-500-exhibitorsQLM Opens New $22M Vietnam Plantwww.print21.com.au/labels/qlm-opens-new-22m-vietnam-plantIndustry Leader Tom Lusch Passes Awaywww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/industry-leader-tom-lusch-passes-awayPaper Identity Anthonisz Passes Awaywww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/paper-identity-anthonisz-passes-away ------------------------------The Print Files Podcast is produced by Southern Skies Media on behalf of Print21, owned and published by Yaffa Media (www.print21.com.au).The views of the people featured on this podcast do not necessarily represent the views of Print21, Yaffa Media, or the guest's employer. The contents are copyright by Yaffa Media.If you wish to use any of this podcast's audio, please contact Print21 via their website www.print21.com.au or send an email to editor@print21.com.auHost: Wayne RobinsonCoordinator: Grant McHerronProducer: Steve VisscherPrint21 - © 2024
In this episode, Lee and Frédéric discuss the paramount importance of the discovery stage for managing QLM's customers' journeys, including how to align sales teams on the ICP, what sets apart the top performers, and how Frédéric helps his teams hit their targets.
In the latest episode of print's podcast It's Been A Big Month in Print, industry insiders Wayne Robinson and Lindy Hughson analyse, assess, and interpret the major news, trends, issues and developments from June. We start with a review of the ongoing ramifications of the end of white paper manufacturing in Australia, with the closure of a second paper line at Opal, the lifting of the copier paper tariffs, and the planned launch of the Maryvale Energy from Waste project. Still on Opal we assess the significance of the planned closure and relocation of the Heidelberg West carton operation to SA and NSW.We also dive into success stories of two Australian print businesses expanding overseas, and assess what it means for everyone else. Remaining overseas we celebrate 100 years of operation for Gallus, and analyse Heidelberg's new dual track growth strategy.Sustainability is under the spotlight, we look at the moves by three major players in print to turbo-charge their sustainable journey, and that of their customers. Sign and display print continues to be a major opportunity, with a new breed of start-ups coming into the industry, while at the top end of the sector we analyse the acquisition of Omnigrahics and MMTB by its CEO. The upcoming Voice referendum will be accompanied by 12.4 million printed pamphlets, the biggest print job of the year, we tell the story of how they almost didn't happen, and how PVCA led the successful fight to get them produced.LINKS:Opal Cartons to close Heidelberg, VIC sitewww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/opal-cartons-to-close-heidelberg-vic-siteOpal to close another machinewww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/opal-to-close-another-machineAPIA & PVCA get A4 paper tariffs dumpedwww.print21.com.au/industry/industry/apia-and-pvca-get-a4-paper-tariffs-dumped Maryvale EfW Signs $48.2M grant agreementwww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/maryvale-efw-signs-48-2m-grant-agreementEasy Signs celebrates one year in USAwww.print21.com.au/sign-and-display/easy-signs-celebrates-one-year-in-usa QLM appoints Sullivan as new CEOwww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/qlm-appoints-sullivan-as-new-ceo Gallus Opens New Centre on 100 yearswww.print21.com.au/labels/gallus-opens-new-centre-on-100-yearsBall & Doggett launches Ecoporiumwww.print21.com.au/industry/industry/ball-and-doggett-launches-ecoporiumePac launches Born Greenwww.print21.com.au/packaging/epac-launches-born-greenEpson ANZ reaches 100% renewablewww.print21.com.au/industry/industry/epson-anz-reaches-100-renewableStart-ups growing: Fespa censuswww.print21.com.au/industry/industry/start-ups-growing-fespa-censusWatson acquires Omnigraphics and MMTBwww.print21.com.au/sign-and-display/walton-acquires-omnigraphics-and-mmtbIVE to print 12.4 million Voice pamphletswww.print21.com.au/commercial/ive-to-print-12-4-million-voice-pamphletsPVCA relaunches as Visual Media Associationwww.print21.com.au/industry/industry/pvca-relaunches-as-visual-media-associationTeam Print raises $46k+ for homeless Aussieswww.print21.com.au/industry/latest/team-print-raises-46k-for-homeless-aussies ------------------------------The Print Files Podcast is produced by Southern Skies Media on behalf of Print21, owned and published by Yaffa Media (www.print21.com.au).The views of the people featured on this podcast do not necessarily represent the views of Print21, Yaffa Media, or the guest's employer. The contents are copyright by Yaffa Media.If you wish to use any of this podcast's audio, please contact Print21 via their website www.print21.com.au or send an email to editor@print21.com.auHost: Wayne RobinsonCoordinator: Grant McHerronEditor: Chris VisscherProducer: Steve...
Silver Range Resources CEO Mike Power joined Steve Darling from Proactive to share news the company has entered into a definitive agreement with Excalibur Metals Corp to sell 100% of the Bellehelen Project. The deal includes cash, stock a 2% net smelter return, and 2 dollars per ounce gold-equivalent payment on any future defined resource. Power talks about this deal and the Bellehelen Project. He also shared with Proactive the company has renegotiated and concluded a new option on the Legal Tender Property with QLM Royston Hills. That deal calls for QLM to acquire 100% interest over a four-year period. #proactiveinvestors #silverrangeresourcesltd #tsxv #sng #mining #gold #invest #investing #investment #investor #stockmarket #stocks #stock #stockmarketnews
Dans cet extrait de l'épisode 136 de DigiClub powered by Topnet et Huawei Technologies, nous avons invité Ahmed Amine Azzouzi, CEO du nouveau média digital et décalé "QLM". Pourquoi s'est il lancé dans cette aventure dans un marché en crise et quelle est sa stratégie pour faire sortir son média du lot et gagner de l'audience et des investissements publicitaires ? Animation : Walid Naffati Producteur : Walid Naffati Ingénieur son : Ghazi Neffati Habillage sonnore : Dorsaf Kortobi
Dans cet épisode 136 de DigiClub powered by Topnet et Huawei Technologies, nous avons invité Amel Saidane, de TunisianStartups et CEO de Betacube, pour parler de ses nouveautés et nous donner une analyse sur la situation des Startups tunisienne en cette période très trouble en Tunisie et dans le monde. Peut-on toujours parler d'opportunités pour les startups avec la crise économique mondiale ? En 2ème partie de l'Interview, nous avons interviewé Ahmed Amine Azzouzi, CEO du nouveau média digital et décalé "QLM". Pourquoi s'est il lancé dans cette aventure dans un marché en crise et quelle est sa stratégie pour faire sortir son média du lot et gagner de l'audience et des investissements publicitaires ? Animation : Walid Naffati Producteur : Walid Naffati Ingénieur son : Ghazi Neffati Habillage sonnore : Dorsaf Kortobi
Noticias de drones desde el último período. Recordad que tenemos un patreon abierto para el sostenimiento del proyecto: https://www.patreon.com/portierramaryaire Inicio: (0:00:00) El 28 de enero será entregado el primer CH-47F: (0:05:59) Sobre el NH-90: (0:18:11) Sobre el Airbus Tiger: (0:37:60) Sobre el Eurofighter: (1:04:40) Antiaérea española fatal: (1:36:47) Harrier en España: (1:38:45) Sobre MPA: (1:39:56) Portaaviones PANG francés y FCAS: (1:43:14) España lidera proyecto UE para drones de menos de 150 Kg: (1:46:24) Programa Gunslinger de DARPA y sigue también LongShot: (2:00:52) “Las parrillas rusas”: (2:10:42) Misilito (”cohete guiado”) de Aertec FOX 1: (2:19:20) USAF y Silent Arrow aerolanzado: (2:25:03) Aerolanzados Remote Carrier FCAS: (2:30:55) Remote Carrier FCAS SCAF: (2:40:55) Motores baratos de Kratos: (2:43:17) Mini-portadrones chino: (2:49:33) Sobre el MQ-25: (2:54:54) Prueba de Fulmar Delta en BAM: (3:00:39) GA descubre su MOJAVE STOL, para pistas no preparadas, gran carga y ¿embarcable? : (3:07:38) La USAF y su futuro con drones: (3:34:20) Marruecos y TB2 además de otros clientes: (3:40:18) Global Hawk para seguir hipersónicos: (3:46:21) Financiaciones españolas M5D-Airfox y QLM-40: (3:48:08) Drón transportando desfibrilador: (4:05:02) Dos Avenger con pod IRST Legion combinándose en red: (4:17:59) Sobre MQ-9 Predator B/ Reaper: (4:25:50) USNavy y enjambres mixtos de drones: (4:35:37) Programa OFFSET de DARPA: (4:43:48) AeroVironment Introduces Switchblade 300 Sensor to Shooter Kit: (4:52:56) UK Royal Navy's Project Vampire – a Low-Cost, Fixed-Wing UAV: (4:58:12) Vetal Tail-sitter VTOL Drone from Thailand: (5:03:24)
Silver Range Resources (CVE: SNG) CEO Mike Power joined Steve Darling from Proactive to bring news the company has optioned off another one of their projects, this time the Legal Tender Property. The deal with QLM Royston Hills includes cash and a royalty to Silver Range. Power talks about the Property and some of the historical work that was done and also what Silver Range has done as well. He also shared more details about the QLM and why he feels they are the right group to move the project forward.
Episode 17 of the Check Your Six - CY6 podcast brought Jacqueline Boykin with QLM back into the studio with Debbie Rodriguez. Debbie is the founder of Quality Labor Management, Competitive Edge Partners and I Build Central Florida. Amazing lady that has made a tremendous impact on the industrial and commercial labor market as well as creating a way to train those looking to join the skilled trades work force. #QLM #ibuilscentralflorida #construction #industrial #temporary #labor #skilledtrades #CY6 #podcast
Episode 12 of the Check Your Six - CY6 podcast had a very special guest at GRP Studios for this session. Jacqueline Boykin was in the studio talking about staffing for small business with QLM, Quality Labor Management. Love having this lady in the studio, we go back a few years and it is always good to see her. The company that she is with, QLM, provides great industrial and construction labor for either temp or temp to perm status, as well as providing a way for those that want to be a part of that industry become trained and employed.
durée : 00:11:35 - Le Hashtag Mix - En mode Shatta DanceHall pour se réchauffer!
CURTIS MAYFIELD, DJ NERVOSO, EARTH WIND AND FIRE, SNAP, TYGA, YOUNG THUG, BURNA BOY, AFRO B, WIZKID, YOUNG THUG, BAD BUNNY, DADDY YANKEE, ASH, SLEAZY STEREO, MARVIN GAYE // FUTURE, MIGOS, BHAD BHABIE, JUICY J, RICH THE KID, SOULJAH, KANYE WEST, MISSY ELLIOT, MOODKILLAH, MISSY, MOOMA, PURI, THORNATO // POST MALONE, DRAKE, SAK NOEL, DILLON FRANCIS, TRAVIS SCOOT, SNOOP DOG, TOTO, MAD FUENTES, HOMENAGEM, CHRIS BROWN, RIHANNA, DJ LBR, SHAYDEES, QLM, SLEAZY STEREO, NICK WILLIAM, LIN FLEX, AREWHANA GANG, DJ LBR, SPICE, DJ LBR, MARSHMELLO, CIARA, LIMITLESS, KRISS KROSS, SNOOP
In this episode of BuilderChat, we sat with Mark Lang, founder and CEO of Quality Labor Management (QLM). QLM is a professional skilled staffing service for those in construction. Mark started QLM after his first successful business, Workers Temporary Staffing, was sold in 2006. In 2008, Mark changed his business strategy from day-labor staffing to “providing high-end professional skilled staffing” for the construction industry. Mark says the biggest challenge that QLM faces is finding quality. “We’re not just going to put anyone out there. We may interview 100 people. But only 10 will make it through our vetting process.” His biggest goal is trying to find the right people to send to QLM’s customers. They pride themselves on “high-end professionalism”, and hold every employee to that same standard. Want to learn more about what Mark said in our podcast? Watch the full episode now!
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10 All-Star de QLM, Problemas con los Cavs, Lavar vs Walton
Volvemos con #QLM hablando del futuro de los Lakers, Victor Oladipo, Marc Gasol, Pippen dice que LeBron es mejor que Jordan estadísticamente y MAS+.
Comienza el Season 2 de QLM. Subscríbete para que no te pierdas ni un segundo del tu podcast sobre baloncesto local e internacional.
On Today’s episode of the Achieve Your Goals podcast, we’re releasing a behind-the-scenes QLM group coaching call to the Miracle Morning community! For those who don’t know, The Quantum Leap Mastermind (QLM), created by Hal Elrod and Jon Berghoff, is an expertly designed mastermind created for high achievers who want to grow, connect, and create a bigger future–together. QLM members spend 12 months developing strong relationships with a close-knit tribe of purpose-driven entrepreneurs who are committed to helping each other make a Quantum Leap in their business and life. One of the many benefits to being a part of this group, is that members get access to exclusive monthly group coaching calls with elite level entrepreneurs. Although these sessions are typically reserved for paid members, we wanted to give AYG podcast listeners a chance to check out our session with the truly inspiring, Gail Goodwin. Gail Goodwin is the founder of InspireMeToday.com, a company that provides free inspiration, each day from a new Inspirational Luminary, to a global community of folks from over 150 countries. Gail has interviewed many well-known names including Sir Richard Branson, Guy Laliberte, Seth Godin, Tony Hsieh, Gary Vaynerchuk, Michael Gerber, Marci Shimoff, Jack Canfield and hundreds more. According to Mashable, Gail was one of 2009's Top 25 Most Inspirational People on Twitter. In case that wasn’t enough, Gail is also the Developer of Snow Bear Chalets, Founder of Glacier Bear Retreat, a published author, regular writer for the Huffington Post and offers mentoring and mastermind services to clients worldwide from her home in Whitefish, Montana. In today’s QLM group call, Gail reminds us of the power of “what if?”. What if you took that leap of faith? What if you challenged yourself to step up and do something that makes you uncomfortable? What if you stopped focusing on everything that could go wrong and started focusing on everything that could go right? Her story is amazing and her quench for living life to the fullest is inspiring. If you want to learn what it means to let go of the “How?”, overcome your biggest fears, and start living the greatest life ever, then this interview was made for you! KEY TAKEAWAYS [04:34] Find out how co-writing a song with her daughter led to performing for nearly 100 military bases, the creation of ‘World’s Longest Letter’ of love and support, and the beginning of Inspire Me Today. [13:35] Gail shares the simple secret to landing BIG interviews with world-renowned Luminaries. [15:12] How celebrating in advance and a 30 second video got her an invite to drink rum with Sir Richard Branson in the BVI AND a once-in-a-lifetime interview with the Founder of Cirque du Soleil, Guy Laliberté. [19:03] Realizing the difference between fear and excitement so you can grab life big! [21:40] The origin story of how Gail and Jon Berghoff met and how a seemingly expensive private sailing trip through the BVI with Gail, led to opportunities well beyond what Jon ever imagined. [30:35] Find out about the most amazing vacation Gail has ever taken and why she’s loading up a yacht with 20 others for an 8 day excursion to 8 beautiful islands in Barbados. [38:40] Gail explains how she turned a $350,000 cabin into a $12,000 per week rental property that was appraised at $2M in less than 3.5 years. [42:57] Letting go of the “How” so you can create the greatest life ever! AYG TWEETABLE ''The only difference between fear and excitement is whether or not you’re breathing.'' - Gail Goodwin EPISODE RESOURCES GailLynneGoodwin.com InspireMeToday.com Baby Come Back Home by Carly Goodwin Snow Bear Chalets Glacier Bear Retreat Quantum Leap Mastermind CONNECT WITH GAIL GOODWIN Facebook Twitter Contact Gail - GailGoodwin@gmail.com CONNECT WITH HAL Facebook Twitter Achieve Your Goals Podcast on iTunes RATE & REVIEW THE PODCAST Reviews for the podcast on iTunes are greatly appreciated and will allow us to get the word out about the show and grow as a community. We read every single review and believe each one goes a long way in helping us make the show even better! If you received value from this episode, please take a moment and rate and review the podcast by clicking here.