Podcasts about Temporary

Iran's Currency Collapse and Legitimacy Crisis: Colleague Jonathan Sayeh reports that Iran's currency has collapsed to historic lows, fueling inflation and social dissatisfaction, explaining that while the regime uses repression and temporary social loosening to maintain control, it faces a legitimacy crisis and difficulty recruiting loyal security forces. N 1961

Get AudioBooks for FreeBest Self-improvement MotivationPain Is Temporary — Powerful Self-Improvement SpeechFeeling overwhelmed? This powerful self-improvement speech reminds you that pain is temporary and your breakthrough is closer than you think.Get AudioBooks for Free⁠We Need Your Love & Support ❤️https://buymeacoffee.com/myinspiration#Motivational_Speech#motivation #inspirational_quotes #motivationalspeech Get AudioBooks for Free Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Hour 3 of A&G features... Temporary healthcare subsidies & names for hotdogs Hungover Russians Funny things to say, slutty animals & war on boys Disney invests in OpenAI See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this episode of Pray the Word on 1 Peter 4:12–13, David Platt encourages us to trust God and rejoice in the midst of temporary trials.Explore more content from Radical.

In a riveting episode that celebrates culinary oddities and cravings, we explore our guests' fascinating food addictions. Brandon confesses his midnight encounters with burger cookies, while James reveals a love so deep for turtle chips that he's willing to drive miles just to stock up. Don't miss Brian's post-shift mozzarella stick adventures, topped with a decadent discussion on marinara versus garlic butter. A delightful listen, filled with laughter and the comforting reminder that we're all foodies at heart.

China's Self-Reliant Trade Philosophy and Military Ambitions — John Batchelor, Gordon Chang, Alan Tonelson— Chang explains China's strategic trade philosophy, viewing commerce not as reciprocal exchange but as a temporary necessity until achieving complete self-reliance in all manufactured products. Chang traces this doctrine to classical Chinese strategic thought, emphasizing the goal of China exporting everything while importing nothing. Tonelsoncharacterizes current Chinese leadership implementation of this doctrine as ominous, explicitly oriented toward preparing China for military conflict and establishing complete dominance of global manufacturing capabilities independent of external supply chains. 1906

Zach and Jake discuss the Lane Kiffin LSU news, break down the College Football Playoff tomfoolery, then give our Week 13 NFL headlines!                    Twitter: https://twitter.com/FlurrySportsPod     Website: https://flurrysports.org/

Temporary ban on catching black jewfish at Channel Point raising a lot of questions. Did you know the Country Hour used to have a fruit and veg market report? 

Ross details the times he’s been caught out and embarrassed by his young kids covering him with temporary tats or there new obsession scribbling on him with whiteboard markers…See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

What's next for Rodrigo Duterte after he lost his appeal for provisional release?

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Rugby fans and supporters at the recent South Africa versus Ireland game last weekend consumed over 2,000 GB of data, the equivalent of two million minutes of music streaming, according to Vodafone Ireland. The surge in data was driven by video recording, sharing and live streaming. Over 15,000 calls were made over the course of match-day - almost one third of the stadium made a phone call. During the Quilter Autumn Internationals, data usage at the stadium reflected strong engagement with fans attending the Japan game consuming almost 1,740 GB and Australia 1,771 GB. The fans at the South Africa game came in with the highest usage. Connectivity demand extended beyond rugby. At this summer's concerts featuring Lana Del Rey and Dua Lipa, attendees consumed 5,137 GB of data across two nights. On the Lana Del Rey night alone, usage reached 2,633 GB, roughly the equivalent of ten years of nonstop podcast listening. Vodafone Ireland invests over €100 million annually in network improvements across Ireland, including upgrades at the Aviva Stadium which focus on delivering uninterrupted mobile and 5G coverage. To meet growing demand, Vodafone Ireland has also implemented network enhancements at Aviva Stadium as part of its nationwide investment program. These include: Deploying 5G capacity and spectrum utilisation in busy sectors. Optimising radios and backhaul for peak-hour demand. Continuous monitoring to adjust parameters during live events. Commenting on the figures, Sheila Kavanagh, Director of Vodafone Networks Ireland, said: "The data and voice activity we've seen at the Aviva Stadium this year shows just how essential reliable connectivity is for sports fans and music lovers. Over the course of the South Africa match-day alone, over 15,000 calls were made alongside significant data usage. Our ongoing investment, including 5G upgrades in the Aviva and throughout the country, ensures we can meet this demand and keep people connected during the biggest and most memorable moments." Investment also supported major summer festivals and cultural gatherings across Ireland. Temporary network sites and spectrum optimisation were deployed at events such as Flavours of Fingal, Bord Bia Bloom, Kaleidoscope, All Together Now and Electric Picnic where attendees relied heavily on navigation, social media, and streaming apps. Across these events, Vodafone Ireland managed over 220 TB of data, the equivalent of streaming 73 million songs! As sponsor of Irish Rugby, Vodafone marked the autumn series with a creative activation in Dublin city centre. A mural by artist KinMx on Chatham Row, developed in partnership with Carat, The Collectiv and Rockshot, celebrated the sport and its supporters. See more stories here. More about Irish Tech News Irish Tech News are Ireland's No. 1 Online Tech Publication and often Ireland's No.1 Tech Podcast too. You can find hundreds of fantastic previous episodes and subscribe using whatever platform you like via our Anchor.fm page here: https://anchor.fm/irish-tech-news If you'd like to be featured in an upcoming Podcast email us at Simon@IrishTechNews.ie now to discuss. Irish Tech News have a range of services available to help promote your business. Why not drop us a line at Info@IrishTechNews.ie now to find out more about how we can help you reach our audience. You can also find and follow us on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok and Snapchat.

Fluent Fiction - Korean: Crisis in the Temporary Tents: A Lesson in Leadership Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ko/episode/2025-11-27-08-38-19-ko Story Transcript:Ko: 노을 지는 가을 하늘 아래, 임시 병원에서는 긴박한 기운이 감돌고 있었다.En: Underneath the autumn sky at sunset, there was a tense atmosphere in the temporary hospital.Ko: 덜컹거리는 소리에 맞춰 외부에서 바람이 쏴아 부는 소리가 들렸다.En: Along with the rattling sound, the wind could be heard blowing outside.Ko: 민준은 고개를 들어 잠시나마 그 바람을 느꼈다.En: Min-jun lifted his head to feel the wind for a brief moment.Ko: 그는 바빴다.En: He was busy.Ko: 정말 많이 바빴다.En: Truly very busy.Ko: 그의 앞에는 많은 환자들이 쭉 늘어서 있었다.En: In front of him, there was a long line of patients.Ko: 오늘은 위기였다.En: Today was a crisis.Ko: 근처에서 큰 사고가 발생했다.En: A major accident had occurred nearby.Ko: 갑작스러운 사고에 모두 긴박하게 움직였다.En: With the sudden accident, everyone moved hastily.Ko: 하지만 그는 차분함을 유지하기 위해 노력했다.En: However, he tried to maintain his composure.Ko: “제발, 침착하자,” 민준은 깊이 숨을 들이쉬며 스스로에게 속삭였다.En: "Please, stay calm," Min-jun whispered to himself, taking a deep breath.Ko: 이곳은 큰 텐트 여러 개로 이루어진 임시 병원이었다.En: This place was a temporary hospital made up of several large tents.Ko: 곳곳에 펼쳐진 의료 장비들이 빠르게 사용될 준비가 되어 있었다.En: Medical equipment scattered around was ready to be used quickly.Ko: 그는 서두르지 않았다.En: He did not rush.Ko: 그는 급한 환자들을 먼저 봐야 했다.En: He had to attend to the urgent patients first.Ko: 그는 손목시계를 보았다.En: He looked at his wristwatch.Ko: 시간이 얼마 남지 않았다.En: There wasn't much time left.Ko: 민준은 욕심을 부렸다.En: Min-jun was ambitious.Ko: 그는 더 나아가고자 했다.En: He wanted to go further.Ko: 그러기 위해서는 우선순위를 져야 했다.En: To do so, he needed to set priorities.Ko: 함께 일하는 지아와 수현이 어지러운 순간에도 함께 해결법을 찾았다.En: Colleagues Ji-a and Su-hyeon helped find solutions even in the chaotic moments.Ko: "민준, 여기 필요한 것 좀 줄래요?" 지아가 간호기록을 보며 물었다.En: "Min-jun, could you pass me what we need here?" Ji-a asked while looking at the nursing records.Ko: 민준은 그런 그녀와 수현 덕분에 큰 힘을 얻었다.En: Thanks to her and Su-hyeon, Min-jun gained great strength.Ko: 시간이 지나며 상황은 점점 더 심각해졌다.En: As time went by, the situation became increasingly serious.Ko: 그는 환자들 사이에서 빠르게 움직였다.En: He moved swiftly among the patients.Ko: 그리고 결정을 내려야 할 때가 왔다.En: And the time came when he had to make a decision.Ko: 두 명의 환자가 심각한 상태였다.En: Two patients were in critical condition.Ko: 그는 잠시 멈춰야 했다.En: He had to pause momentarily.Ko: 각 환자의 상태를 평가하는 시간이었다.En: It was time to assess the condition of each patient.Ko: 결국 그는 선택을 했다.En: In the end, he made a choice.Ko: 그의 선택은 옳았고, 모두에게는 더 나은 결과를 가져다주었다.En: His choice was correct, and it brought a better outcome for everyone.Ko: 긴장이 풀리면서 민준은 의자에 앉아 잠시 숨을 고르기 시작했다.En: As the tension eased, Min-jun sat down on a chair and began to catch his breath.Ko: 그의 마음은 여전히 두근거렸지만, 그는 알 수 있었다.En: His heart was still pounding, but he knew.Ko: "나는 이제 더 배웠다," 그는 스스로 말했다.En: "I have learned more now," he told himself.Ko: 마침내 차분한 시간이 찾아왔다.En: Finally, a calm time arrived.Ko: 환자 흐름이 줄어든 그 순간, 민준은 셀 수 없는 기쁨과 고마움을 느꼈다.En: In that moment when the flow of patients decreased, Min-jun felt an uncountable amount of joy and gratitude.Ko: 그는 한 가지를 깨달았다.En: He realized one thing.Ko: 스스로를 돌보는 일의 중요성을. 팀워크의 소중함을. 그리고 도움을 요청하는 것이 결코 나약함이 아님을.En: The importance of taking care of oneself, the value of teamwork, and that asking for help is never a sign of weakness.Ko: 이를 통해 그는 더 큰 자신감을 얻었다.En: Through this, he gained greater confidence.Ko: 계절이 바뀌듯, 민준도 이렇게 변화했다.En: Just as the seasons change, Min-jun also transformed in this way. Vocabulary Words:tense: 긴박한atmosphere: 기운temporary: 임시rattling: 덜컹거리는maintain: 유지하기composure: 차분함whispered: 속삭였다medical equipment: 의료 장비scattered: 곳곳에 펼쳐진urgent: 급한ambitious: 욕심을 부렸다colleagues: 함께 일하는chaotic: 어지러운evaluate: 평가momentarily: 잠시assess: 평가하는critical: 심각한pounding: 두근거렸지만gratitude: 고마움realized: 깨달았다confidence: 자신감transformed: 변화했다solutions: 해결법swiftly: 빠르게evaluate: 평가하는outcome: 결과breathe: 숨을 고르기value: 소중함seasons: 계절flow: 흐름

There's a way to live that squanders pain while your heart hardens and your trust thins. Things like numbing, retelling the wound, and calling it wisdom. This week on Win Today, Shawn Johnson, lead pastor of Red Rocks Church and author of Attacking Anxiety, joins me to explore how people waste pain and how to steward the middle seasons when nothing seems to be moving, but everything inside you is being formed. We draw the line between rest and peace, why bitterness and distrust grow in the same soil, and how to turn waiting into worship without pretending the ache away. If you're stuck in the middle, angry at the delay, or exhausted from managing outcomes, this conversation will help you regain your presence and cultivate a hard-won hope that lasts. Guest Bio Shawn Johnson is the lead pastor and co-founder of Red Rocks Church (Denver, multi-site), and the author of Attacking Anxiety, where he chronicles his own fight with anxiety and depression and the practices that helped him rebuild. His ministry blends candor about suffering with a relentless call to faith and formation. Today isn't about his résumé; it's about your next faithful step in the middle. Show Partners SafeSleeve designs a phone case that blocks up to 99% of harmful EMF radiation—so I'm not carrying that kind of exposure next to my body all day. It's sleek, durable, and most importantly, lab-tested by third parties. The results aren't hidden—they're published right on their site. And that matters, because a lot of so-called EMF blockers on the market either don't work or can't prove they do. We protect our hearts and minds—why wouldn't we protect our bodies too? Head to safesleevecases.com and use the code WINTODAY10 for 10% off your order. Episode Links Show Notes Buy my NEW BOOK "Healing What You Can't Erase" here! Invite me to speak at your church or event. Connect with me @WINTODAYChris on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube.

Hebrews 9:1-28

Trump and Xi hold a call to discuss Taiwan and Ukraine, The Gaza Humanitarian Foundation closes its operations, The FBI reportedly schedules interviews with six Democrats over an allegedly 'seditious' military video, The National Rally's Jordan Bardella is projected to win France's 2027 election, Sudan's Rapid Support Forces declare a three-month humanitarian ceasefire, The World Food Program warns of a coming hunger crisis in Nigeria, A U.K. committee says the BBC is not in ‘safe hands,' An Australian senator is censured for wearing a burqa as part of a protest, Trump launches “Genesis Mission” to integrate AI into scientific research, and scientists identify four major turning points in the brain's development. Sources: Verity.News  

The podcast kicks off with a Catholic vs Christian Halloween. After that, it's Memento Mori remembering that we'll all die (yay). Then, Lino starts in a good mood with Foo Fighters tickets and lands in a bad mood. And the podcast wraps up with baptizing aliens!

This week on The Beat, CTSNet Editor-in-Chief Joel Dunning spoke with Dr. Evgenij Potapov, a consultant senior surgeon and co-chairman of the mechanical circulatory support program in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery at the German Heart Center in Berlin, about the guidelines on temporary mechanical circulatory support (tCMS) in adult cardiac surgery. Chapters 00:00 Intro 01:56 Segmentectomy vs Lobectomy News 18:51 JANS 1, CT Residents Emergency Surgery 20:56 JANS 2, Interventional vs Surgical 22:49 JANS 3, Robotic Vascular Surgery 24:32 JANS 4, Surgery vs Surveillance 26:30 Video 1, Branch-First Arch Replacement 28:19 Video 2, Manougian Technique Double Patch 30:14 Video 3, Bentall Surgery via RAM 31:23 Evgenij Potapov Interview 53:55 Upcoming Events They discussed the key elements of the guidelines, active unloading, and current trends and outcomes in tMCS. Additionally, they addressed protected cardiac surgery for high-risk patients, cardiac arrest, and the impact of recent changes to the donor heart allocation system on tMCS. Dr. Potapov also shared valuable insights on hints and tips for tMCS, anticoagulation management, and the future of tMCS. Furthermore, Joel elaborated on recent discussions regarding lobectomy vs segmentectomy in a detailed analysis.  Joel also highlights recent JANS articles on a 10-year propensity-matched analysis on if we can safely train cardiothoracic surgical residents to perform emergency surgery, investigating the personality of interventional and surgical cardiovascular specialists, a clinical perspective on robotic-assisted vascular surgery, and a quality-of-life analysis of patients with moderately dilated aortic root or ascending aorta.  In addition, Joel explores branch-first arch replacement, revisiting the Manougian technique with double-patch, and Bentall surgery via right anterior minithoracotomy. Before closing, Joel highlights upcoming events in CT surgery.    JANS Items Mentioned  1.) Can We Safely Train Cardiothoracic Surgical Residents to Perform Emergency Surgery? A 10-Year Propensity-Matched Analysis   2.) Cut From the Same Cloth? Investigating the Personality of Interventional and Surgical Cardiovascular Specialists  3.) Robotic-Assisted Vascular Surgery: A Clinical Perspective  4.) Surgery Versus Surveillance: A Quality-of-Life Analysis of Patients With Moderately Dilated Aortic Root or Ascending Aorta  CTSNet Content Mentioned  1.) Branch-First Arch Replacement: How to Do It   2.) Revisiting the Manougian Technique With Double-Patch   3.) Bentall Surgery via Right Anterior Minithoracotomy   Other Items Mentioned  1.) EACTS/STS/AATS Guidelines on Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support in Adult Cardiac Surgery   2.) The Cardiac Recovery Room  3.) Resident Video Competition  4.) 2025 CTSNet Recruitment Guide     5.) Career Center   6.) CTSNet Events Calendar  Disclaimer The information and views presented on CTSNet.org represent the views of the authors and contributors of the material and not of CTSNet. Please review our full disclaimer page here.

I am my niece and nephew's favorite uncle—mostly because I'm their only uncle, but a win is a win. Election years turn every family gathering into "squirrely uncle season," and Thanksgiving is ground zero. You've got relatives who think differently, believe differently, and this year, vote differently. Before you get into a political argument that could cost you a decades-long relationship, here's one soundtrack to remember: "Politicians are temporary, family is forever." In this episode, I'm breaking down why you shouldn't do long-term damage over short-term politicians, how to set boundaries with difficult relatives, and what Andy Stanley said about winning arguments but losing relationships. This will be the 8th or 9th president of my lifetime—I've only had one dad and one mom. Do the math before you flip the table. And whatever you do, don't grab the pecan pie on your way out. Nuts ruin dessert.You can pre-order my NEWEST book, Procrastination Proof, right now!In This Episode:Grab your very own Soundtracks: The Conversations Card DeckMake sure to follow me on Instagram and share with your friends!Keep up with my book list on GoodReads!Sign up for my newsletter, Try This!Book me to speak at your event or to your team!You can grab a copy of my book All It Takes Is a Goal from your favorite bookstore or at my website!Episode Artwork Photo by Libby Penner on UnsplashHave me speak at your next event!

Matt Derrick and Nick Jacobs break down the Chiefs’ 23-20 overtime victory against the Colts. What went right for the Chiefs? Who stepped up? And where does Kansas City go from here as they fight to stay in the AFC playoff picture?See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Elena Maddy is a writer and stage manager originally from Roseville, California, now settled in Boise, Idaho. When she writes, she writes about home. This week, she sat down with Matt Bunk to discuss exploring cities on foot and how you know when you're home.

Welcome to AI Unraveled (From November 17 to November 23, 2025): Your daily strategic briefing on the business impact of AI.This Week's Headline: The King is dead, long live the King? Google's Gemini 3 claims the throne, forcing a rare admission of "catch-up" from OpenAI, while Peter Thiel completely exits Nvidia.Strategic Pillars & Topics

Since we recorded this episode, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sam Alito has placed a temporary stay on the El Paso ruling against the new Texas congressional map and requested that the plaintiffs respond by the end of Monday, putting the 2025 map back into play for the moment: https://www.texastribune.org/2025/11/21/texas-redistricting-supreme-court-temporary-stay/That Dallas Observer poll we discuss - we say dig in on both the political discussion AND the can-shaped cranberry sauce: https://www.dallasobserver.com/food-drink/most-hated-thanksgiving-dishes-and-topics-to-avoid-with-family-40618949/Thanks for listening! Learn more about Progress Texas and how you can support our ongoing work at https://progresstexas.org/.

On this month's episode, host Nicole Flattery is joined by Odrán Waldron to read from and discuss his story ‘Temporary', published in the Summer 2025 issue of The Stinging Fly ⁠⁠Issue 52 Volume Two.⁠Odrán Waldron is a writer and hurler from Freshford, County Kilkenny, living in Belfast. His work has appeared in Sonder and The Stinging Fly and is forthcoming in The Pig's Back; he hurls for Lámh Dhearg CLG.⁠⁠Nicole Flattery⁠⁠ is a writer and critic. Her story collection ⁠⁠Show Them A Good Time⁠⁠, was published by The Stinging Fly and Bloomsbury in 2019. Her first novel, Nothing Special, was published by Bloomsbury in 2023.The Stinging Fly Podcast invites writers from the latest issue of The Stinging Fly to read and discuss their work. Previous episodes of the podcast ⁠⁠can be found here⁠⁠. The podcast's theme music is ⁠⁠‘Sale of Lakes', by Divan⁠⁠. All of the ⁠⁠Stinging Fly archive⁠⁠ is available to ⁠⁠subscribers.⁠

Grow faster than 99% of Etsy shops

Algenon Cash sits down with a Winston-Salem resident who has lived in the United States since the age of four under Temporary Protected Status (TPS). After 25 years of building a life, working, and contributing to the community, his legal right to work has ended — throwing him, and thousands like him, into uncertainty.Together, they explore what it means to live in America as “temporary,” the human cost of political inaction, and the shared values that can guide our way forward.The Triad Podcast Network is proudly sponsored by The Ginther Group Real Estate, Dewey's Bakery, and Three Magnolias Financial Advisors.

change in BlacksburgKiffin don't goNIL means longer college careersVikings need a QBFailcantsNBA on NBCYouth rulesSteph shoes

Send us a textAre your dreams pulling you forward, or are today's circumstances pushing you down?You will have to fight for your dream. (Period)Today's message comes from the inspiration of Raising Cane's founder, Todd Graves, who chased his "chicken-finger dream."What is your "chicken-finger dream?"Thank you, David Senra and Todd Graves, for the inspiration for this episode. Subscribe to David's podcast. Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5rRIdQKB0ASupport the show

Is it a thorn like Paul had or is it a little poke

In this episode of The Strong Stoic, I'm joined by classicist and author Inger Kuin to dive deep into the wild, hilarious, and surprisingly practical life of Diogenes—the original Cynic and, in many ways, the “stress test” for Stoic ideas.We explore:Who Diogenes was and why his life still mattersWhy he chose to live in a jar, throw away his cup, and embrace radical simplicityHow his ideas flowed through Crates to Zeno, making him Stoicism's “intellectual grandfather”The difference between training your body vs punishing itHow temporary discomfort (no-spend months, cabin weekends, etc.) can build real resilienceCultural norms, door-holding in Canada, and why Diogenes cared more about justice than etiquetteCosmopolitanism and being a “citizen of the cosmos” instead of a slave to one culture's expectationsWhether Diogenes was “crazy” or just radically consistent with his philosophyThe tension between independence and human connection: why Diogenes avoided close attachments—and why Inger (and I) think that might throw the baby out with the bathwaterHow to examine your own motives honestly: are you saying “yes” for good, joy, or just money and status?We close with practical advice on bringing a bit of Diogenes into modern life without selling your house and moving into a barrel—by questioning your motives, experimenting with less comfort, and rethinking the weight you give to externals.Guest & BookInger's new book, Diogenes: The Rebellious Life and Revolutionary Philosophy of the Original Cynic, is out November 11, 2025 and available wherever you buy books (hardcover, e-book, and audiobook).

0000019a-97f6-d8f8-afba-9ff746640000https://www.wvik.org/podcast/good-morning-from-wvik-news/2025-11-18/six-rock-island-county-townships-and-project-now-are-offering-a-temporary-food-program-for-residents-impacted-by-the-loss-of-snap-benefits-and-federal-paychecksBrady JohnsonSix Rock Island County townships and Project Now are offering a temporary

In this episode of The Strong Stoic, I'm joined by classicist and author Inger Kuin to dive deep into the wild, hilarious, and surprisingly practical life of Diogenes—the original Cynic and, in many ways, the “stress test” for Stoic ideas.We explore:Who Diogenes was and why his life still mattersWhy he chose to live in a jar, throw away his cup, and embrace radical simplicityHow his ideas flowed through Crates to Zeno, making him Stoicism's “intellectual grandfather”The difference between training your body vs punishing itHow temporary discomfort (no-spend months, cabin weekends, etc.) can build real resilienceCultural norms, door-holding in Canada, and why Diogenes cared more about justice than etiquetteCosmopolitanism and being a “citizen of the cosmos” instead of a slave to one culture's expectationsWhether Diogenes was “crazy” or just radically consistent with his philosophyThe tension between independence and human connection: why Diogenes avoided close attachments—and why Inger (and I) think that might throw the baby out with the bathwaterHow to examine your own motives honestly: are you saying “yes” for good, joy, or just money and status?We close with practical advice on bringing a bit of Diogenes into modern life without selling your house and moving into a barrel—by questioning your motives, experimenting with less comfort, and rethinking the weight you give to externals.Guest & BookInger's new book, Diogenes: The Rebellious Life and Revolutionary Philosophy of the Original Cynic, is out November 11, 2025 and available wherever you buy books (hardcover, e-book, and audiobook).

Stephan Livera and Kevin Cai dive into the Bitcoin spam debate, breaking down the different camps in the community, the line between consensus and policy, and how transaction filters, dust limits, and Libre Relay affect the network. They explore mining economics, fee dynamics, and the subjective nature of what people call spam.Kevin also discusses UTXO consolidation, decentralization, and how BRC-20 activity impacts the fee market. He explains the cultural differences behind spam opinions and the broader implications for Bitcoin's ecosystem.The conversation covers the challenges of Bitcoin development, including concerns around temporary fixes like RDTS, and why programmability matters for Bitcoin's future utility.Takeaways:

Your daily news in under three minutes. At Al Jazeera Podcasts, we want to hear from you, our listeners. So, please head to https://www.aljazeera.com/survey and tell us your thoughts about this show and other Al Jazeera podcasts. It only takes a few minutes! Connect with us: @AJEPodcasts on X, Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube

Luke 21:5-19Today's sermon deals with being a disciple for Jesus, and how being baptized and serving him will lead to new things in our lives.

He was on at the end of yesterday's show right after the news broke, but Phil Nanula of Essex Homes rejoins the show for a follow up on the the temporary pause of New York's electric mandate.

Last time we spoke about the fall of Wuhan. In a country frayed by war, the Yangtze became a pulsing artery, carrying both hunger and hope. Chiang Kai-shek faced a brutal choice: defend Wuhan to the last man, or flood the rivers to buy time. He chose both, setting sullen floodwaters loose along the Yellow River to slow the invaders, a temporary mercy that spared some lives while ripping many from their homes. On the river's banks, a plethora of Chinese forces struggled to unite. The NRA, fractured into rival zones, clung to lines with stubborn grit as Japanese forces poured through Anqing, Jiujiang, and beyond, turning the Yangtze into a deadly corridor. Madang's fortifications withstood bombardment and gas, yet the price was paid in troops and civilians drowned or displaced. Commanders like Xue Yue wrestled stubbornly for every foothold, every bend in the river. The Battle of Wanjialing became a symbol: a desperate, months-long pincer where Chinese divisions finally tightened their cordon and halted the enemy's flow. By autumn, the Japanese pressed onward to seize Tianjiazhen and cut supply lines, while Guangzhou fell to a ruthless blockade. The Fall of Wuhan loomed inevitable, yet the story remained one of fierce endurance against overwhelming odds.   #174 The Changsha Fire Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. In the summer of 1938, amid the upheaval surrounding Chiang Kai-shek, one of his most important alliances came to an end. On June 22, all German advisers to the Nationalist government were summoned back; any who refused would be deemed guilty of high treason. Since World War I, a peculiar bond had tied the German Weimar Republic and China: two fledgling states, both weak and only partially sovereign. Under the Versailles Treaty of 1919, Germany had lost extraterritorial rights on Chinese soil, which paradoxically allowed Berlin to engage with China as an equal partner rather than a traditional colonizer. This made German interests more welcome in business and politics than those of other Western powers. Chiang's military reorganization depended on German officers such as von Seeckt and von Falkenhausen, and Hitler's rise in 1933 had not immediately severed the connection between the two countries. Chiang did not share Nazi ideology with Germany, but he viewed Berlin as a potential ally and pressed to persuade it to side with China rather than Japan as China's principal East Asian, anti-Communist partner. In June 1937, H. H. Kung led a delegation to Berlin, met Hitler, and argued for an alliance with China. Yet the outbreak of war and the Nationalists' retreat to Wuhan convinced Hitler's government to align with Japan, resulting in the recall of all German advisers. Chiang responded with a speech praising von Falkenhausen, insisting that "our friend's enemy is our enemy too," and lauding the German Army's loyalty and ethics as a model for the Chinese forces. He added, "After we have won the War of Resistance, I believe you'll want to come back to the Far East and advise our country again." Von Falkenhausen would later become the governor of Nazi-occupied Belgium, then be lauded after the war for secretly saving many Jewish lives. As the Germans departed, the roof of the train transporting them bore a prominent German flag with a swastika, a prudent precaution given Wuhan's vulnerability to air bombardment. The Japanese were tightening their grip on the city, even as Chinese forces, numbering around 800,000, made a stubborn stand. The Yellow River floods blocked northern access, so the Japanese chose to advance via the Yangtze, aided by roughly nine divisions and the might of the Imperial Navy. The Chinese fought bravely, but their defenses could not withstand the superior technology of the Japanese fleet. The only substantial external aid came from Soviet pilots flying aircraft bought from the USSR as part of Stalin's effort to keep China in the war; between 1938 and 1940, some 2,000 pilots offered their services. From June 24 to 27, Japanese bombers relentlessly pounded the Madang fortress along the Yangtze until it fell. A month later, on July 26, Chinese defenders abandoned Jiujiang, southeast of Wuhan, and its civilian population endured a wave of atrocities at the hands of the invaders. News of Jiujiang's fate stiffened resolve. Chiang delivered a pointed address to his troops on July 31, arguing that Wuhan's defense was essential and that losing the city would split the country into hostile halves, complicating logistics and movement. He warned that Wuhan's defense would also be a spiritual test: "the place has deep revolutionary ties," and public sympathy for China's plight was growing as Japanese atrocities became known. Yet Chiang worried about the behavior of Chinese soldiers. He condemned looting as a suicidal act that would destroy the citizens' trust in the military. Commanders, he warned, must stay at their posts; the memory of the Madang debacle underscored the consequences of cowardice. Unlike Shanghai, Wuhan had shelters, but he cautioned against retreating into them and leaving soldiers exposed. Officers who failed in loyalty could expect no support in return. This pep talk, combined with the belief that the army was making a last stand, may have slowed the Japanese advance along the Yangtze in August. Under General Xue Yue, about 100,000 Chinese troops pushed back the invaders at Huangmei. At Tianjiazhen, thousands fought until the end of September, with poison gas finally forcing Japanese victory. Yet even then, Chinese generals struggled to coordinate. In Xinyang, Li Zongren's Guangxi troops were exhausted; they expected relief from Hu Zongnan's forces, but Hu instead withdrew, allowing Japan to capture the city without a fight. The fall of Xinyang enabled Japanese control of the Ping-Han railway, signaling Wuhan's doom. Chiang again spoke to Wuhan's defenders, balancing encouragement with a grim realism about possible loss. Although Wuhan's international connections were substantial, foreign aid would be unlikely. If evacuation became necessary, the army should have a clear plan, including designated routes. He recalled the disastrous December retreat from Nanjing, where "foreigners and Chinese alike turned it into an empty city." Troops had been tired and outnumbered; Chiang defended the decision to defend Nanjing, insisting the army had sacrificed itself for the capital and Sun Yat-sen's tomb. Were the army to retreat again, he warned, it would be the greatest shame in five thousand years of Chinese history. The loss of Madang was another humiliation. By defending Wuhan, he argued, China could avenge its fallen comrades and cleanse its conscience; otherwise, it could not honor its martyrs. Mao Zedong, observing the situation from his far-off base at Yan'an, agreed strongly that Chiang should not defend Wuhan to the death. He warned in mid-October that if Wuhan could not be defended, the war's trajectory would shift, potentially strengthening the Nationalists–Communists cooperation, deepening popular mobilization, and expanding guerrilla warfare. The defense of Wuhan, Mao argued, should drain the enemy and buy time to advance the broader struggle, not become a doomed stalemate. In a protracted war, some strongholds might be abandoned temporarily to sustain the longer fight. The Japanese Army captured Wuchang and Hankou on 26 October and captured Hanyang on the 27th, which concluded the campaign in Wuhan. The battle had lasted four and a half months and ended with the Nationalist army's voluntary withdrawal. In the battle itself, the Japanese army captured Wuhan's three towns and held the heartland of China, achieving a tactical victory. Yet strategically, Japan failed to meet its objectives. Imperial Headquarters believed that "capturing Hankou and Guangzhou would allow them to dominate China." Consequently, the Imperial Conference planned the Battle of Wuhan to seize Wuhan quickly and compel the Chinese government to surrender. It also decreed that "national forces should be concentrated to achieve the war objectives within a year and end the war against China." According to Yoshiaki Yoshimi and Seiya Matsuno, Hirohito authorized the use of chemical weapons against China by specific orders known as rinsanmei. During the Battle of Wuhan, Prince Kan'in Kotohito transmitted the emperor's orders to deploy toxic gas 375 times between August and October 1938. Another memorandum uncovered by Yoshimi indicates that Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni authorized the use of poison gas against the Chinese on 16 August 1938. A League of Nations resolution adopted on 14 May condemned the Imperial Japanese Army's use of toxic gas. Japan's heavy use of chemical weapons against China was driven by manpower shortages and China's lack of poison gas stockpiles to retaliate. Poison gas was employed at Hankou in the Battle of Wuhan to break Chinese resistance after conventional assaults had failed. Rana Mitter notes that, under General Xue Yue, approximately 100,000 Chinese troops halted Japanese advances at Huangmei, and at the fortress of Tianjiazhen, thousands fought until the end of September, with Japanese victory secured only through the use of poison gas. Chinese generals also struggled with coordination at Xinyang; Li Zongren's Guangxi troops were exhausted, and Hu Zongnan's forces, believed to be coming to relieve them, instead withdrew. Japan subsequently used poison gas against Chinese Muslim forces at the Battle of Wuyuan and the Battle of West Suiyuan. However, the Chinese government did not surrender with the loss of Wuhan and Guangzhou, nor did Japan's invasion end with Wuhan and Guangzhou's capture. After Wuhan fell, the government issued a reaffirmation: "Temporary changes of advance and retreat will not shake our resolve to resist the Japanese invasion," and "the gain or loss of any city will not affect the overall situation of the war." It pledged to "fight with even greater sorrow, greater perseverance, greater steadfastness, greater diligence, and greater courage," dedicating itself to a long, comprehensive war of resistance. In the Japanese-occupied rear areas, large armed anti-Japanese forces grew, and substantial tracts of territory were recovered. As the Japanese army themselves acknowledged, "the restoration of public security in the occupied areas was actually limited to a few kilometers on both sides of the main transportation lines." Thus, the Battle of Wuhan did not merely inflict a further strategic defeat on Japan; it also marked a turning point in Japan's strategic posture, from offense to defense. Due to the Nationalist Army's resolute resistance, Japan mobilized its largest force to date for the attack, about 250,000 personnel, who were replenished four to five times over the battle, for a total of roughly 300,000. The invaders held clear advantages in land, sea, and air power and fought for four and a half months. Yet they failed to annihilate the Nationalist main force, nor did they break the will to resist or the army's combat effectiveness. Instead, the campaign dealt a severe blow to the Japanese Army's vitality. Japanese-cited casualties totaled 4,506 dead and 17,380 wounded for the 11th Army; the 2nd Army suffered 2,300 killed in action, 7,600 wounded, and 900 died of disease. Including casualties across the navy and the air force, the overall toll was about 35,500. By contrast, the Nationalist Government Military Commission's General Staff Department, drawing on unit-level reports, calculated Japanese casualties at 256,000. The discrepancy between Japanese and Nationalist tallies illustrates the inflationary tendencies of each side's reporting. Following Wuhan, a weakened Japanese force confronted an extended front. Unable to mount large-scale strategic offensives, unlike Shanghai, Xuzhou, or Wuhan itself, the Japanese to a greater extent adopted a defensive posture. This transition shifted China's War of Resistance from a strategic defensive phase into a strategic stalemate, while the invaders found themselves caught in a protracted war—a development they most disliked. Consequently, Japan's invasion strategy pivoted: away from primary frontal offensives toward a greater reliance on political inducements with secondary military action, and toward diverting forces to "security" operations behind enemy lines rather than pushing decisive frontal campaigns. Japan, an island nation with limited strategic resources, depended heavily on imports. By the time of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, Japan's gold reserves,including reserves for issuing banknotes, amounted to only about 1.35 billion yen. In effect, Japan's currency reserves constrained the scale of the war from the outset. The country launched its aggression while seeking an early solution to the conflict. To sustain its war of aggression against China, the total value of military supplies imported from overseas in 1937 reached approximately 960 million yen. By June of the following year, for the Battle of Wuhan, even rifles used in training were recalled to outfit the expanding army. The sustained increase in troops also strained domestic labor, food, and energy supplies. By 1939, after Wuhan, Japan's military expenditure had climbed to about 6.156 billion yen, far exceeding national reserves. This stark reality exposed Japan's economic fragility and its inability to guarantee a steady supply of military materiel, increasing pressure on the leadership at the Central Command. The Chief of Staff and the Minister of War lamented the mismatch between outward strength and underlying weakness: "Outwardly strong but weak is a reflection of our country today, and this will not last long." In sum, the Wuhan campaign coincided with a decline in the organization, equipment, and combat effectiveness of the Japanese army compared with before the battle. This erosion of capability helped drive Japan to alter its political and military strategy, shifting toward a method of inflicting pressure on China and attempting to "use China to control China", that is, fighting in ways designed to sustain the broader war effort. Tragically a major element of Chiang Kai-shek's retreat strategy was the age-old "scorched earth" policy. In fact, China originated the phrase and the practice. Shanghai escaped the last-minute torching because of foreigners whose property rights were protected. But in Nanjing, the burning and destruction began with increasing zeal. What could not be moved inland, such as remaining rice stocks, oil in tanks, and other facilities, was to be blown up or devastated. Civilians were told to follow the army inland, to rebuild later behind the natural barrier of Sichuan terrain. Many urban residents complied, but the peasantry did not embrace the plan. The scorched-earth policy served as powerful propaganda for the occupying Japanese army and, even more so, for the Reds. Yet they could hardly have foreseen the propaganda that Changsha would soon supply them. In June, the Changsha Evacuation Guidance Office was established to coordinate land and water evacuation routes. By the end of October, Wuhan's three towns had fallen, and on November 10 the Japanese army captured Yueyang, turning Changsha into the next primary invasion target. Beginning on October 9, Japanese aircraft intensified from sporadic raids on Changsha to large-scale bombing. On October 27, the Changsha Municipal Government urgently evacuated all residents, exempting only able-bodied men, the elderly, the weak, women, and children. The baojia system was mobilized to go door-to-door, enforcing compliance. On November 7, Chiang Kai-shek convened a military meeting at Rongyuan Garden to review the war plan and finalize a "scorched earth war of resistance." Xu Quan, Chief of Staff of the Security Command, drafted the detailed implementation plan. On November 10, Shi Guoji, Chief of Staff of the Security Command, presided over a joint meeting of Changsha's party, government, military, police, and civilian organizations to devise a strategy. The Changsha Destruction Command was immediately established, bringing together district commanders and several arson squads. The command actively prepared arson equipment and stacked flammable materials along major traffic arteries. Chiang decided that the city of Changsha was vulnerable and either gave the impression or the direct order, honestly really depends on the source your reading, to burn the city to the ground to prevent it falling to the enemy. At 9:00 AM on November 12, Chiang Kai-shek telegraphed Zhang Zhizhong: "One hour to arrive, Chairman Zhang, Changsha, confidential. If Changsha falls, the entire city must be burned. Please make thorough preparations in advance and do not delay." And here it seems a game of broken telephone sort of resulted in one of the worst fire disasters of all time. If your asking pro Chiang sources, the message was clearly, put up a defense, once thats fallen, burn the city down before the Japanese enter. Obviously this was to account for getting civilians out safely and so forth. If you read lets call it more modern CPP aligned sources, its the opposite. Chiang intentionally ordering the city to burn down as fast as possible, but in through my research, I think it was a colossal miscommunication. Regardless Zhongzheng Wen, Minister of the Interior, echoed the message. Simultaneously, Lin Wei, Deputy Director of Chiang Kai-shek's Secretariat, instructed Zhang Zhizhong by long-distance telephone: "If Changsha falls, the entire city must be burned." Zhang summoned Feng Ti, Commander of the Provincial Capital Garrison, and Xu Quan, Director of the Provincial Security Bureau, to outline arson procedures. He designated the Garrison Command to shoulder the preparations, with the Security Bureau assisting. At 4:00 PM, Zhang appointed Xu Kun, Commander of the Second Garrison Regiment, as chief commander of the arson operation, with Wang Weining, Captain of the Social Training Corps, and Xu Quan, Chief of Staff of the Garrison Command, as deputies. At 6:00 PM, the Garrison Command held an emergency meeting ordering all government agencies and organizations in the city to be ready for evacuation at any moment. By around 10:15 PM, all urban police posts had withdrawn. Around 2:00 AM (November 13), a false report circulated that "Japanese troops have reached Xinhe" . Firefighters stationed at various locations rushed out with kerosene-fueled devices, burning everything in sight, shops and houses alike. In an instant, Changsha became a sea of flames. The blaze raged for 72 hours. The Hunan Province Anti-Japanese War Loss Statistics, compiled by the Hunan Provincial Government Statistics Office of the Kuomintang, report that the fire inflicted economic losses of more than 1 billion yuan, a sum equivalent to about 1.7 trillion yuan after the victory in the war. This figure represented roughly 43% of Changsha's total economic value at the time. Regarding casualties, contemporary sources provide varying figures. A Xinhua Daily report from November 20, 1938 noted that authorities mobilized manpower to bury more than 600 bodies, though the total number of burned remains could not be precisely counted. A Central News Agency reporter on November 19 stated that in the Xiangyuan fire, more than 2,000 residents could not escape, and most of the bodies had already been buried. There are further claims that in the Changsha Fire, more than 20,000 residents were burned to death. In terms of displacement, Changsha's population before the fire was about 300,000, and by November 12, 90% had been evacuated. After the fire, authorities registered 124,000 victims, including 815 orphans sheltered in Lito and Maosgang.  Building damage constituted the other major dimension of the catastrophe, with the greatest losses occurring to residential houses, shops, schools, factories, government offices, banks, hospitals, newspaper offices, warehouses, and cultural and entertainment venues, as well as numerous historic buildings such as palaces, temples, private gardens, and the former residences of notable figures; among these, residential and commercial structures suffered the most, followed by factories and schools. Inspector Gao Yihan, who conducted a post-fire investigation, observed that the prosperous areas within Changsha's ring road, including Nanzheng Street and Bajiaoting, were almost completely destroyed, and in other major markets only a handful of shops remained, leading to an overall estimate that surviving or stalemated houses were likely less than 20%. Housing and street data from the early post-liberation period reveal that Changsha had more than 1,100 streets and alleys; of these, more than 690 were completely burned and more than 330 had fewer than five surviving houses, accounting for about 29%, with nearly 90% of the city's streets severely damaged. More than 440 streets were not completely destroyed, but among these, over 190 had only one or two houses remaining and over 130 had only three or four houses remaining; about 60 streets, roughly 6% had 30 to 40 surviving houses, around 30 streets, 3% had 11 to 20 houses, 10 streets, 1% had 21 to 30 houses, and three streets ) had more than 30 houses remaining. Housing statistics from 1952 show that 2,538 houses survived the fire, about 6.57% of the city's total housing stock, with private houses totaling 305,800 square meters and public houses 537,900 square meters. By 1956, the surviving area of both private and public housing totaled 843,700 square meters, roughly 12.3% of the city's total housing area at that time. Alongside these losses, all equipment, materials, funds, goods, books, archives, antiques, and cultural relics that had not been moved were also destroyed.  At the time of the Changsha Fire, Zhou Enlai, then Deputy Minister of the Political Department of the Nationalist Government's Military Commission, was in Changsha alongside Ye Jianying, Guo Moruo, and others. On November 12, 1938, Zhou Enlai attended a meeting held by Changsha cultural groups at Changsha Normal School to commemorate Sun Yat-sen's 72nd birthday. Guo Moruo later recalled that Zhou Enlai and Ye Jianying were awakened by the blaze that night; they each carried a suitcase and evacuated to Xiangtan, with Zhou reportedly displaying considerable indignation at the sudden, unprovoked fire. On the 16th, Zhou Enlai rushed back to Changsha and, together with Chen Cheng, Zhang Zhizhong, and others, inspected the disaster. He mobilized personnel from three departments, with Tian Han and Guo Moruo at the forefront, to form the Changsha Fire Aftermath Task Force, which began debris clearance, care for the injured, and the establishment of soup kitchens. A few days later, on the 22nd, the Hunan Provincial Government established the Changsha Fire Temporary Relief Committee to coordinate relief efforts.  On the night of November 16, 1938, Chiang Kai-shek arrived in Changsha and, the next day, ascended Tianxin Pavilion. Sha Wei, head of the Cultural Relics Section of the Changsha Tianxin Pavilion Park Management Office, and a long-time researcher of the pavilion, explained that documentation indicates Chiang Kai-shek, upon seeing the city largely reduced to scorched earth with little left intact, grew visibly angry. After descending from Tianxin Pavilion, Chiang immediately ordered the arrest of Changsha Garrison Commander Feng Ti, Changsha Police Chief Wen Chongfu, and Commander of the Second Garrison Regiment Xu Kun, and arranged a military trial with a two-day deadline. The interrogation began at 7:00 a.m. on November 18. Liang Xiaojin records that Xu Kun and Wen Chongfu insisted their actions followed orders from the Security Command, while Feng Ti admitted negligence and violations of procedure, calling his acts unforgivable. The trial found Feng Ti to be the principal offender, with Wen Chongfu and Xu Kun as accomplices, and sentenced all three to prison terms of varying lengths. The verdict was sent to Chiang Kai-shek for approval, who was deeply dissatisfied and personally annotated the drafts: he asserted that Feng Ti, as the city's security head, was negligent and must be shot immediately; Wen Chongfu, as police chief, disobeyed orders and fled, and must be shot immediately; Xu Kun, for neglect of duty, must be shot immediately. The court then altered the arson charge in the verdict to "insulting his duty and harming the people" in line with Chiang's instructions. Chiang Kai-shek, citing "failure to supervise personnel and precautions," dismissed Zhang from his post, though he remained in office to oversee aftermath operations. Zhang Zhizhong later recalled Chiang Kai-shek's response after addressing the Changsha fire: a pointed admission that the fundamental cause lay not with a single individual but with the collective leadership's mistakes, and that the error must be acknowledged as a collective failure. All eyes now shifted to the new center of resistance, Chongqing, the temporary capital. Chiang's "Free China" no longer meant the whole country; it now encompassed Sichuan, Hunan, and Henan, but not Jiangsu or Zhejiang. The eastern provinces were effectively lost, along with China's major customs revenues, the country's most fertile regions, and its most advanced infrastructure. The center of political gravity moved far to the west, into a country the Nationalists had never controlled, where everything was unfamiliar and unpredictable, from topography and dialects to diets. On the map, it might have seemed that Chiang still ruled much of China, but vast swaths of the north and northwest were sparsely populated; most of China's population lay in the east and south, where Nationalist control was either gone or held only precariously. The combined pressures of events and returning travelers were gradually shifting American attitudes toward the Japanese incident. Europe remained largely indifferent, with Hitler absorbing most attention, but the United States began to worry about developments in the Pacific. Roosevelt initiated a January 1939 appeal to raise a million dollars for Chinese civilians in distress, and the response quickly materialized. While the Chinese did not expect direct intervention, they hoped to deter further American economic cooperation with Japan and to halt Japan's purchases of scrap iron, oil, gasoline, shipping, and, above all, weapons from the United States. Public opinion in America was sufficiently stirred to sustain a campaign against silk stockings, a symbolic gesture of boycott that achieved limited effect; Japan nonetheless continued to procure strategic materials. Within this chorus, the left remained a persistent but often discordant ally to the Nationalists. The Institute of Pacific Relations, sympathetic to communist aims, urged America to act, pressuring policymakers and sounding alarms about China. Yet the party line remained firmly pro-Chiang Kai-shek: the Japanese advance seemed too rapid and threatening to the Reds' interests. Most oil and iron debates stalled; American businessmen resented British trade ties with Japan, and Britain refused to join any mutual cutoff, arguing that the Western powers were not at war with Japan. What occurred in China was still commonly referred to in Western diplomatic circles as "the Incident." Wang Jingwei's would make his final defection, yes in a long ass history of defections. Mr Wang Jingwei had been very busy traveling to Guangzhou, then Northwest to speak with Feng Yuxiang, many telegrams went back and forth. He returned to the Nationalist government showing his face to foreign presses and so forth. While other prominent rivals of Chiang, Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, and others, rallied when they perceived Japan as a real threat; all did so except Wang Jingwei. Wang, who had long believed himself the natural heir to Sun Yat-sen and who had repeatedly sought to ascend to power, seemed willing to cooperate with Japan if it served his own aims. I will just say it, Wang Jingwei was a rat. He had always been a rat, never changed. Opinions on Chiang Kai-Shek vary, but I think almost everyone can agree Wang Jingwei was one of the worst characters of this time period. Now Wang Jingwei could not distinguish between allies and enemies and was prepared to accept help from whomever offered it, believing he could outmaneuver Tokyo when necessary. Friends in Shanghai and abroad whispered that it was not too late to influence events, arguing that the broader struggle was not merely China versus Japan but a clash between principled leaders and a tyrannical, self-serving clique, Western imperialism's apologists who needed Chiang removed. For a time Wang drifted within the Kuomintang, moving between Nanjing, Wuhan, Changsha, and Chongqing, maintaining discreet lines of communication with his confidants. The Japanese faced a governance problem typical of conquerors who possess conquered territory: how to rule effectively while continuing the war. They imagined Asia under Japanese-led leadership, an East Asia united by a shared Co-Prosperity Sphere but divided by traditional borders. To sustain this vision, they sought local leaders who could cooperate. The search yielded few viable options; would-be collaborators were soon assassinated, proved incompetent, or proved corrupt. The Japanese concluded it would require more time and education. In the end, Wang Jingwei emerged as a preferred figure. Chongqing, meanwhile, seemed surprised by Wang's ascent. He had moved west to Chengde, then to Kunming, attempted, and failed to win over Yunnan's warlords, and eventually proceeded to Hanoi in Indochina, arriving in Hong Kong by year's end. He sent Chiang Kai-shek a telegram suggesting acceptance of Konoe's terms for peace, which Chungking rejected. In time, Wang would establish his own Kuomintang faction in Shanghai, combining rigorous administration with pervasive secret-police activity characteristic of occupied regimes. By 1940, he would be formally installed as "Chairman of China." But that is a story for another episode.  In the north, the Japanese and the CCP were locked in an uneasy stalemate. Mao's army could make it impossible for the Japanese to hold deep countryside far from the railway lines that enabled mass troop movement into China's interior. Yet the Communists could not defeat the occupiers. In the dark days of October 1938—fifteen months after the war began—one constant remained. Observers (Chinese businessmen, British diplomats, Japanese generals) repeatedly predicted that each new disaster would signal the end of Chinese resistance and force a swift surrender, or at least a negotiated settlement in which the government would accept harsher terms from Tokyo. But even after defenders were expelled from Shanghai, Nanjing, and Wuhan, despite the terrifying might Japan had brought to bear on Chinese resistance, and despite the invader's manpower, technology, and resources, China continued to fight. Yet it fought alone. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. In a land shredded by war, Wuhan burned under brutal sieges, then Changsha followed, a cruel blaze born of orders and miscommunications. Leaders wrestled with retreat, scorched-earth vows, and moral debts as Japanese force and Chinese resilience clashed for months. Mao urged strategy over martyrdom, Wang Jingwei's scheming shadow loomed, and Chongqing rose as the westward beacon. Yet China endured, a stubborn flame refusing to surrender to the coming storm. The war stretched on, unfinished and unyielding.

The Upside Down Kingdom: Temporary Residents - Pastor Andrew DamazioThis week Pastor Andrew continues our series on the kingdom that God is building! This message reminds us that life on earth is temporary and what truly matters is how we live in light of eternity.Want to connect more with Rose Church? Find more information at https://www.rosechurch.org and give at - https://www.rosechurch.org/give Make sure to subscribe so you don't miss more incredible sermons like this one or previous series like “I Am” or “The Tension of Faith” from Pastor Andrew Damazio, Dr. AJ Swoboda, Pastor Julia Damazio and many other incredible pastors!Thanks for listening!

The US-China Tariff Truce and AI's Market Trajectory Guest: Chris Riegel Chris Riegel discusses the temporary US-China tariff truce and Nvidia's potential re-entry into the high-end AI chip market in China. He notes retailers are currently absorbing tariff costs but anticipate price spikes in the first quarter of 2026, despite offsets from reduced energy costs. Riegel affirms that artificial intelligence is "real" and economically transformational, though market aspects may prove "bubbly," comparing the current technological stage to the "bottom of the first inning" of a major economic change. 1953

Oct 30, 2025 – Will gold and silver continue their meteoric rise—or are we on the cusp of a major correction? In this insightful interview, market strategist Kurt Kallaus joins Cris Sheridan to unpack the powerful forces shaping today's markets...

How to Collect Memory-Only Filesystems on Linux Systems Getting forensically sound copies of memory-only file systems on Linux can be tricky, as tools like dd do not work. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/How%20to%20collect%20memory-only%20filesystems%20on%20Linux%20systems/32432 Microsoft Azure Front Door Outage Today, Microsoft s Azure Front Door service failed, leading to users not being able to authenticate to various Azure-related services. https://azure.status.microsoft/en-us/status Docker-Compose Vulnerability A vulnerability in docker-compose may be used to trick users into creating files outside the docker-compose directory https://github.com/docker/compose/security/advisories/GHSA-gv8h-7v7w-r22q

Market Relief, AI Layoffs, and Political Turmoil Guest: Elizabeth Peek Elizabeth Peek analyzes market relief following the temporary US-China trade truce, noting that President Trump effectively uses American consumer spending and tariff policy as a powerful geopolitical weapon. However, she expresses serious alarm over AI-driven mass layoffs across major corporations, including Amazon, coupled with a notable absence of substantive political debate addressing workforce displacement. Peek warns that the rise of an inexperienced, anti-capitalist mayoral candidate threatens New York City's economic prosperity and competitiveness in an increasingly challenging urban landscape. 1957

Market Relief, AI Layoffs, and Political Turmoil Guest: Elizabeth Peek Elizabeth Peek analyzes market relief following the temporary US-China trade truce, noting that President Trump effectively uses American consumer spending and tariff policy as a powerful geopolitical weapon. However, she expresses serious alarm over AI-driven mass layoffs across major corporations, including Amazon, coupled with a notable absence of substantive political debate addressing workforce displacement. Peek warns that the rise of an inexperienced, anti-capitalist mayoral candidate threatens New York City's economic prosperity and competitiveness in an increasingly challenging urban landscape.

Tariffs as a Consumer Tax and the Inflationary Impact Guest: Professor John Cochrane Professor John Cochrane explains that tariffs effectively function as a tax on American consumers and create a temporary bump in inflation throughout the economy. Retailers are currently absorbing substantial cost increases but will likely pass these expenses on to consumers after the Christmas holiday season. Cochrane notes the Federal Reserve faces a challenging policy dilemma: tariffs increase prices, yet there is mounting political pressure to lower interest rates. He characterizes tariffs as a potentially costly geopolitical weapon with uncertain strategic benefits. 1917

    Tariffs as a Consumer Tax and the Inflationary Impact Guest: Professor John Cochrane Professor John Cochrane explains that tariffs effectively function as a tax on American consumers and create a temporary bump in inflation throughout the economy. Retailers are currently absorbing substantial cost increases but will likely pass these expenses on to consumers after the Christmas holiday season. Cochrane notes the Federal Reserve faces a challenging policy dilemma: tariffs increase prices, yet there is mounting political pressure to lower interest rates. He characterizes tariffs as a potentially costly geopolitical weapon with uncertain strategic benefits.

Replaceable You: Skin Grafts, Bioprinting Organs, and the Science of Replacement Anatomy. Mary Roach discusses how third-degree burns destroy regenerative cells, causing severe disfigurement unless patched with allografts (temporary substitutes like cadaver or cod skin). Researchers are attempting to 3D print organs, currently in the "Wright Brothers stage," using specialized bio-ink and support gel. Xenotransplantation involves genetically editing pigs to grow human organs (chimerism) that the body would accept without rejection. 1952

Replaceable You: Skin Grafts, Bioprinting Organs, and the Science of Replacement Anatomy. Mary Roach discusses how third-degree burns destroy regenerative cells, causing severe disfigurement unless patched with allografts (temporary substitutes like cadaver or cod skin). Researchers are attempting to 3D print organs, currently in the "Wright Brothers stage," using specialized bio-ink and support gel. Xenotransplantation involves genetically editing pigs to grow human organs (chimerism) that the body would accept without rejection. 1956

Replaceable You: Skin Grafts, Bioprinting Organs, and the Science of Replacement Anatomy. Mary Roach discusses how third-degree burns destroy regenerative cells, causing severe disfigurement unless patched with allografts (temporary substitutes like cadaver or cod skin). Researchers are attempting to 3D print organs, currently in the "Wright Brothers stage," using specialized bio-ink and support gel. Xenotransplantation involves genetically editing pigs to grow human organs (chimerism) that the body would accept without rejection. 1959

Replaceable You: Skin Grafts, Bioprinting Organs, and the Science of Replacement Anatomy. Mary Roach discusses how third-degree burns destroy regenerative cells, causing severe disfigurement unless patched with allografts (temporary substitutes like cadaver or cod skin). Researchers are attempting to 3D print organs, currently in the "Wright Brothers stage," using specialized bio-ink and support gel. Xenotransplantation involves genetically editing pigs to grow human organs (chimerism) that the body would accept without rejection. 1954