Podcasts about disclosures

In part one of this two-part series, Dr. Stacey Clardy talks with Drs. Ayush Gupta and Kuntal Sen about the phenotypes commonly seen in CNS inflammatory and demyelinating diseases, and discuss genetic conditions in patients who do not precisely meet classic diagnostic criteria. Read the related article in Neurology® Genetics.  Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. 

Grok's non-consensual imagery draws scrutiny from the European Commission.  Researchers link several major data breaches to a single threat actor. The UK unveils a new Cyber Action Plan. A stealthy ClickFix campaign targets the hospitality sector. VVS Stealer malware targets Discord users. Covenant Health and AFLAC report data leaks. Google silences a critical Dolby flaw. Ilona Cohen, Chief Legal and Policy Officer at HackerOne discusses “What the SolarWinds Dismissal Really Means for CISOs: Less Personal Risk, More Scrutiny on Disclosures.” UK students enjoy a digital snow day.  Remember to leave us a 5-star rating and review in your favorite podcast app. Miss an episode? Sign-up for our daily intelligence roundup, Daily Briefing, and you'll never miss a beat. And be sure to follow CyberWire Daily on LinkedIn. CyberWire Guest Today we are joined by Ilona Cohen, Chief Legal and Policy Officer at HackerOne and former senior lawyer to President Obama, as she is discussing “What the SolarWinds Dismissal Really Means for CISOs: Less Personal Risk, More Scrutiny on Disclosures.” Selected Reading EU looking ‘very seriously' at taking action against X over Grok (The Record) Grok's AI CSAM Shitshow (404 Media) Dozens of Major Data Breaches Linked to Single Threat Actor (SecurityWeek) UK Launches New Cyber Unit to Bolster Defences Against Cyber Threats (Infosecurity Magazine) Sophisticated ClickFix Campaign Targeting Hospitality Sector (SecurityWeek) New VVS Stealer Malware Targets Discord Users via Fake System Errors (Hackread) Covenant Health Notifying 480K Patients of 2025 Data Theft (Infosecurity) Aflac Notifies 22.6 Million People of June Data Theft Attack (Infosecurity) Critical Dolby leak in Android patched by Google (Techzine Global) Students bag extended Christmas break after cyber hit on school IT (The Register) Share your feedback. What do you think about CyberWire Daily? Please take a few minutes to share your thoughts with us by completing our brief listener survey. Thank you for helping us continue to improve our show. Want to hear your company in the show? N2K CyberWire helps you reach the industry's most influential leaders and operators, while building visibility, authority, and connectivity across the cybersecurity community. Learn more at sponsor.thecyberwire.com. The CyberWire is a production of N2K Networks, your source for strategic workforce intelligence. © N2K Networks, Inc. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Goldman Sachs Research's Daan Struyven joins Allison Nathan to discuss the potential implications of the situation in Venezuela for the oil and commodity markets. This episode was recorded on January 5th, 2026. The opinions and views expressed herein are as of the date of publication, subject to change without notice, and may not necessarily reflect the institutional views of Goldman Sachs or its affiliates. The material provided is intended for informational purposes only, and does not constitute investment advice, a recommendation from any Goldman Sachs entity to take any particular action, or an offer or solicitation to purchase or sell any securities or financial products. This material may contain forward-looking statements. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Neither Goldman Sachs nor any of its affiliates make any representations or warranties, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the statements or information contained herein and disclaim any liability whatsoever for reliance on such information for any purpose. Each name of a third-party organization mentioned is the property of the company to which it relates, is used here strictly for informational and identification purposes only and is not used to imply any ownership or license rights between any such company and Goldman Sachs. A transcript is provided for convenience and may differ from the original video or audio content. Goldman Sachs is not responsible for any errors in the transcript. This material should not be copied, distributed, published, or reproduced in whole or in part or disclosed by any recipient to any other person without the express written consent of Goldman Sachs. Disclosures applicable to research with respect to issuers, if any, mentioned herein are available through your Goldman Sachs representative or at http://www.gs.com/research/hedge.html. © 2025 Goldman Sachs. All rights reserved Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Elizabeth Coon talks with Prof. Franziska Hopfner aboutthe frequency and disease trajectory of MSA patients who do not experience dysautonomia, in comparison to those with autonomic involvement. Read the related article in Neurology®. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. 

Dr. Derek Stitt talks with Drs. Joseph Safdieh and Matthew S. Robbins about subspecialization's impact on patient care, why preserving a core neurologist identity matters, and how training can reinforce it. Read the related Resident & Fellow Section article in Neurology®. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. 

Silver has gone parabolic, swinging violently as global supply chains fracture. Vince Lanci explains why this is not a speculative bubble, how China is being cut off from silver supply, why banks are repositioning, and what this means for silver prices over the next few months. We also discuss the BRICS “Unit,” critical minerals, and the growing divide in global trade.------------

Edward Yardeni joins Soar Financially to recap his major market calls and lay out his outlook for 2026. We discuss market “fatigue” versus fear, the potential rotation away from Big Tech, excessive fiscal and monetary stimulus, and why Yardeni believes the U.S. economy remains resilient. He also explains why gold is a geopolitical hedge, not an inflation hedge, and why he sees a path toward $10,000 gold and a 10,000 S&P 500 by the end of the decade.#gold #2026outlook #tech ----------Thank you to our #sponsor MONEY METALS. Make sure to pay them a visit: https://bit.ly/BUYGoldSilver------------

Simon Hunt joins Soar Financially to recap 2025 and explain why rising bond yields, escalating wars, and liquidity stress could reshape markets. We discuss Ukraine, Venezuela, China's manufacturing dominance, the AI bubble, gold, and why Europe and the U.S. may face recession next year.#Gold #ai #europe ---------------------Thank you to our #sponsor MONEY METALS. Make sure to pay them a visit: https://bit.ly/BUYGoldSilver------------

Dr. Shuvro Roy talks with Dr. Rosa Cortese about new ways to improve multiple sclerosis and MOGAD diagnosis, including how AI and imaging could enhance accuracy and influence future care.  Read the related article in Neurology®. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. 

2025's Shocking Disclosures (Part 1) The Black Spy Podcast 225, Season 23, Episode 0005   This week's Black Spy Podcast sees host Carlton King and regular thrupple contributor Fergus Esack evaluate 2025 and the stories that have occurred during the year. 2025 will be remembered as a year of pressure, polarisation and profound questioning, and the Black Spy Podcast offers a measured yet unflinching evaluation of a world in flux. Across its episodes, the podcast reflects on how debates around gender continued to evolve, often framed by cultural anxiety, political opportunism and generational divides. These conversations were rarely simple, and Black Spy captured that complexity rather than reducing it to slogans. Politically, 2025 exposed deep fractures. From domestic power struggles to shifting alliances, the podcast assesses how trust in institutions was repeatedly tested. The European Union features as a central theme, navigating economic uncertainty, internal disagreements and its changing role on the global stage. War remains a grim constant. Black Spy surveys the ongoing conflict in Ukraine and the continuing violence surrounding Israel, not to rehearse daily headlines, but to consider the wider human, political and moral consequences of prolonged conflict. These wars shaped diplomacy, energy policy and public opinion far beyond their borders. The year was also marked by a series of shocking incidents that jolted public consciousness—events that forced uncomfortable questions about security, social cohesion and leadership. In reviewing 2025, the Black Spy Podcast does not offer easy answers, but instead provides context, reflection and a clear-eyed assessment of a year that left few untouched. So, please get informed and don't miss these discussions by subscribing to the Black Spy Podcast for free, so you never miss another fascinating episode.

Dr. Mahinda Yogarajah talks with Drs. Benjamin Tolchin and Jon Stone about recommendations for clinicians, patients, and other stakeholders on the management of functional seizures.  Read the related article in Neurology®. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. 

Gold and silver are sending a powerful signal. Doug Casey joins Soar Financially to break down the surge in precious metals, the role of central banks, BRICS de-dollarization, geopolitical instability, and what investors should watch heading into 2026. Is this a panic move, or the start of a larger monetary reset? ------------Thank you to our #sponsor MONEY METALS. Make sure to pay them a visit: https://bit.ly/BUYGoldSilver------------

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The National Advertising Division recently tackled disclosure practices on TikTok Shop, where Procter & Gamble challenged Blueland's influencer promotions for allegedly failing to make paid relationships clear; some influencers buried #BlueLandPartner tags in captions or omitted disclosures in video content, prompting Blueland to agree to clearer, more prominent disclosures, while NAD also found that TikTok's “creator earns commission” tag can suffice for affiliate posts. For legal, compliance, and marketing teams, this underscores the importance of tailoring disclosure instructions to influencer relationships and platform formats to meet FTC and NAD expectations for transparency. Hosted by Simone Roach. Based on a blog post by Gonzalo E. Mon.

With all of the attention the UFO (UAP) Disclosure movement has been getting lately, it occurred to me that there are still many out there who haven't followed the topic enough in years past to realize just how much information (whether legitimate or not) has already been released about what they are now calling, "The Legacy Program". There have been some very heavily credentialed whistleblowers in the past who have given some stunning testimony. Of these old disclosures, two that have always stood out in my mind are thevtstimonies of Bob Lazar and Boyd Bushman. In this double-feature, first we have the original Bob Lazar tapes, followed by the "deathbed confession" of Lockheed scientist, Boyd Bushman. The Lazar Tapes were made in the very early 1990s, while Bushman's testimony was recorded shortly before his death in 2014. Much of what these two have previously revealed has now been seriously discussed and validated in Congressional hearings starting in the summer of 2023. Is UFO Disclosure just around the corner? I leave it to the discernment of the viewer to decide what is correct and what is incorrect. These ideas are worthy of consideration...www.alchemicaltechrevolution.comMake a donation to the broadcast here:https://buymeacoffee.com/alchemicaltechrevolutionBuy my new book here:https://www.amazon.com/Enoch-Polarity-End-Time/dp/B0G52BZ1L1

Lynette Zang explains why physical demand is overtaking paper markets, what central banks are really doing, and why precious metals may be signaling a deeper monetary reset ahead. We also discuss gold revaluation, confidence collapse, hyperinflation risks, and what 2026 could look like if history repeats itself.-------------------

Eric Peters, who leads both One River Asset Management and Coinbase Asset Management, shares his views on risk management, trend following, and the future of finance. This episode was recorded on December 17, 2025. The opinions and views expressed herein are as of the date of publication, subject to change without notice, and may not necessarily reflect the institutional views of Goldman Sachs or its affiliates. The material provided is intended for informational purposes only, and does not constitute investment advice, a recommendation from any Goldman Sachs entity to take any particular action, or an offer or solicitation to purchase or sell any securities or financial products. This material may contain forward-looking statements. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Neither Goldman Sachs nor any of its affiliates make any representations or warranties, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the statements or information contained herein and disclaim any liability whatsoever for reliance on such information for any purpose. Each name of a third-party organization mentioned is the property of the company to which it relates, is used here strictly for informational and identification purposes only and is not used to imply any ownership or license rights between any such company and Goldman Sachs. A transcript is provided for convenience and may differ from the original video or audio content. Goldman Sachs is not responsible for any errors in the transcript. This material should not be copied, distributed, published, or reproduced in whole or in part or disclosed by any recipient to any other person without the express written consent of Goldman Sachs. Disclosures applicable to research with respect to issuers, if any, mentioned herein are available through your Goldman Sachs representative or at http://www.gs.com/research/hedge.html. © 2025 Goldman Sachs. All rights reserved Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Greg Cooper talks with Drs. Natalia Rost and Behnam Sabayan about the emerging field of preventive neurology, emphasizing the need for neurologists to shift from traditional diagnostic and treatment roles to a more proactive approach that includes prevention and brain health optimization.  Read the related article in Neurology®. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. 

In Episode 51 of The Narrative, Burning Bright is joined by Jordan Sather for a focused discussion on competing disclosure narratives emerging across politics, health, and intelligence. The conversation contrasts official disclosures pushed through institutions and media with grassroots driven revelations that challenge centralized authority. Burning Bright and Jordan examine how timing, framing, and selective transparency are used to steer public perception, particularly around government credibility, health policy, and national security. They explore why certain truths are released preemptively, others reluctantly, and how controlled disclosures can function as damage control rather than accountability. Throughout the episode, the hosts emphasize discernment, pattern recognition, and the importance of understanding who benefits from disclosure and who sets its limits. The discussion highlights the tension between genuine transparency and narrative management, urging listeners to look beyond headlines and question whether disclosure is meant to inform the public or contain the truth.

Gold and silver are making new highs, rate cuts are back, and markets still look calm. Economist Gary Shilling explains why that calm may be misleading, how debt, consumers, and AI excesses could shape the next downturn, and what he's watching closely into 2026.#gold #silver #economy ------------

Europe is debating what to do with €210 billion in frozen Russian assets, while Ukraine's war drags on and tensions rise in Venezuela. Professor Jiang connects the dots between Europe's financial credibility, U.S. strategy, China's role, and the growing risk of global escalation. #china #geopolitics #europe ---------------------Thank you to our #sponsor MONEY METALS. Make sure to pay them a visit: https://bit.ly/BUYGoldSilver------------

This week on Defender Fridays, Bryan Brake, Senior Product Manager and Bug Bounty Team Lead at Amazon, joins us to discuss vulnerability remediation, bounty processes, and incident response workflows.Bryan will share practical insights on managing disclosures and coordinating responses across security teams.At Defender Fridays, we delve into the dynamic world of information security, exploring its defensive side with seasoned professionals from across the industry. Our aim is simple yet ambitious: to foster a collaborative space where ideas flow freely, experiences are shared, and knowledge expands.Join us every Friday at 10:30am PT for live, interactive discussions with industry experts. Whether you're a seasoned professional or just curious about the field, these sessions offer an engaging dialogue between our guests, hosts, and you – our audience. Register here: https://limacharlie.io/defender-fridaysSubscribe to our YouTube channel and hit the notification bell to never miss a live session or catch up on past episodes on our website!This episode is brought to you by LimaCharlie, the world's first SecOps Cloud Platform (SCP). Build and customize your security stack like "lego blocks" with our flexible, API-first solution.Eliminate vendor sprawl and tool complexityDeploy and scale effortlessly on native multi-tenant architectureReduce costs with intelligent data routing and free 1-year retentionBuild custom solutions with 100+ security capabilities on-demandImprove response times with automation and real-time capabilitiesTry the SecOps Cloud Platform free: https://limacharlie.ioHost: Maxime Lamothe-Brassard - Founder at LimaCharlie

Daragh Maher, Head of Digital Assets Research, assesses the latest developments in the digital assets space and outlines what we should be looking out for in 2026.Click here for appropriate Disclosures, including analyst certifications, and Disclaimers that must be viewed with this podcast: https://www.research.hsbc.com/R/101/9Qd66kmStay connected and access free to view reports and videos from HSBC Global Investment Research follow us on LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/feed/hashtag/hsbcresearch/ or click here: https://www.gbm.hsbc.com/insights/global-research.

Diameter Capital's Scott Goodwin, co-founder and managing partner, talks about his career, his investment philosophy, and how he's navigating opportunities across the credit spectrum. This episode was recorded on December 8, 2025. The opinions and views expressed herein are as of the date of publication, subject to change without notice, and may not necessarily reflect the institutional views of Goldman Sachs or its affiliates. The material provided is intended for informational purposes only, and does not constitute investment advice, a recommendation from any Goldman Sachs entity to take any particular action, or an offer or solicitation to purchase or sell any securities or financial products. This material may contain forward-looking statements. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Neither Goldman Sachs nor any of its affiliates make any representations or warranties, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the statements or information contained herein and disclaim any liability whatsoever for reliance on such information for any purpose. Each name of a third-party organization mentioned is the property of the company to which it relates, is used here strictly for informational and identification purposes only and is not used to imply any ownership or license rights between any such company and Goldman Sachs. A transcript is provided for convenience and may differ from the original video or audio content. Goldman Sachs is not responsible for any errors in the transcript. This material should not be copied, distributed, published, or reproduced in whole or in part or disclosed by any recipient to any other person without the express written consent of Goldman Sachs. Disclosures applicable to research with respect to issuers, if any, mentioned herein are available through your Goldman Sachs representative or at http://www.gs.com/research/hedge.html. © 2025 Goldman Sachs. All rights reserved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Zohaib Siddiqi talks with Dr. Catarina Bernardes about a case involving a 35-year-old woman presenting with personality changes and gait impairment.  Read the related Resident & Fellow Section article in Neurology®. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. 

Listen to 143 Future Now Show -An anti-tale Tis the holiday season and it our fervant hope that you are having at least half as much fun as we are!  Friends to see, places to dine, relatives to be.  And we have a holiday ‘comet’ to further explore, as it’s closest approach to Earth is December 19th! Keep an eye on the sky and it’s anti-tail, and you just might be amazed.  Short of that, there are some online astronomers and psychics tracking our Interstellar visitor closely for your benefit. After a two decade hiatus,  State of the World Forum is back, just in time help us through our next big growth spurt.  Spielberg dropped a teaser of his upcoming film on Disclosure, which looks quite enticing. Eat Kimchi or at least some sauerkraut for your immunity and remember the giant extinct sloths, for they created early homes for our species, as we left the ice age behind.. And who could not love  the super hot Fire Amoeba, which loves to replicate in 145 degree Fahrenheit waters.  Enjoy..

❓ Can You Get a Divorce in Lancaster Without an Attorney? | Lancaster Divorce ⚖️ Thinking about filing for divorce in Lancaster without an attorney? The truth is, you can—especially if your divorce is amicable. In this video, Tim Blankenship from Divorce661.com explains how to complete your divorce without hiring a lawyer and still get your case finalized quickly and correctly.

Join Digital Education Committee Member and podcast host Deep Chandh Raja, MBBS, MD, PhD (Kauvery Hospital), and his guests Nitish Badhwar, MBBS, FHRS (Stanford University), and Yash Lokhandwala, MD, DM, FACC (Holy Family Hospital)  for this week's Lead episode. This state-of-the-art review synthesizes current knowledge on multifocal ectopic Purkinje-related premature contractions (MEPPC) syndrome, highlighting its genetic underpinnings, distinctive electrophysiologic features, and clinical presentation across age groups. The authors emphasize advances in diagnosis and management, including the role of targeted pharmacologic therapy and catheter ablation, while identifying ongoing gaps in evidence and priorities for future research in this rare but increasingly recognized arrhythmia syndrome.  Learning Objectives Describe the genetic, clinical, and electrophysiologic characteristics of MEPPC syndrome and how they distinguish it from other causes of frequent ventricular ectopy. Discuss current diagnostic and management strategies for MEPPC syndrome, including the roles of pharmacologic therapy and catheter ablation. Identify key knowledge gaps and future research directions highlighted in the review and their implications for clinical practice. Article AuthorsPaolo Basile, MD, Maria Cristina Carella, MD, Stefania Zaccaro, MD, Marco Maria Dicorato, MD, Luca Sgarra, MD, Yamna Khan, MD, Gianluca Pontone, MD, PhD, Giovanni Luzzi, MD, PhD, Vincenzo Ezio Santobuono, MD, PhD, Cinzia Forleo, MD, PhD, Marco Matteo Ciccone, MD, PhD, and Andrea Igoren Guaricci, MD, PhD Podcast Contributors Nitish Badhwar, MBBS, FHRS Yash Lokhandwala, MD, DM, FACC Deep Chandh Raja, MBBS, MD, PhD  Host and Contributor Disclosure(s): N. Badhward•Speaking/Teaching/Consulting: Abbott, Zoll Medical Corporation Y. Lokhandwala•Speaking/Teaching/Consulting/Authoring: Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal D.C. Raja •Nothing to disclose. Staff Disclosure(s) (note: HRS staff are NOT in control of educational content. Disclosures are provided solely for full transparency to the learner): S. Sailor: No relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies to disclose.  

We highly recommend this newsletter: Der Rohstoffkönig: https://rohstoff-koenig.de/10% Discount upon checkout using code: Gold4000In this rare interview, Björn Paffrath breaks down why gold and silver are entering a multi-year cycle driven by inflation, central bank buying, AI energy demand, and a historic lack of mining investment. We discuss physical metals vs mining stocks, where generalist money is flowing next, and why this cycle may look very different from 2008.#gold #silver #stockmarket ------------Thank you to our #sponsor MONEY METALS. Make sure to pay them a visit: https://bit.ly/BUYGoldSilver------------

In our final episode of the year, Herald and Fred reflect on what surprised them most across Asian markets and economics in 2025.Click here for appropriate Disclosures, including analyst certifications, and Disclaimers that must be viewed with this podcast: https://www.research.hsbc.com/R/101/H7jvjLSStay connected and access free to view reports and videos from HSBC Global Investment Research, just search for #HSBCResearch on LinkedIn or click here: https://www.gbm.hsbc.com/insights/global-research.

Is the U.S. already in a jobs recession? Economist E.J. Antoni explains why the Fed is using labor market data as cover to restart money creation. We break down QE in disguise, unemployment fears, inflation risks, and what this means for markets, gold, and the middle class. ------------

How was 2025? Did it turn out the way we expected? And what's on the horizon?   Welcome to another episode of The Market Moment with Matt, Lee, and John. In today's discussion, the guys look back on their predictions in December 2024 for what 2025 would look like. Matt, Lee, and John revisit prior market outlooks, discuss why forecasts are often unreliable, and reflect on what actually drove market returns throughout the year. They also discuss their 2026 predictions and answer a listener's question from the comment section concerning RMDs.   The episode also explores broader economic themes, including labor market trends, inflation concerns, interest rate policy, tax changes, tariffs, and consumer spending. The guys share their perspectives on market rotation, diversification beyond large-cap technology, and what factors could influence markets and the economy in the year ahead.  

In the second part of this two-part series, Dr. Dan Ackerman talks with Drs. Valérie Biousse and Nancy J. Newman about recent clinical trials, the need for collaboration between stroke neurologists and eye care providers, and the role of technology in improving patient outcomes.  Read the article referenced in this interview in the Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases.  Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org.  

Jesse Felder joins us to explain why the AI boom may be heading toward a major reckoning, why capital cycles matter, and why commodities, especially energy, are entering a new bull phase.#gold #ai #energy -------------------

In part one of this two-part series, Dr. Dan Ackerman talks with Drs. Valérie Biousse and Nancy J. Newman about the clinical presentations, diagnostic challenges, and the importance of accurate diagnosis in managing CRAO and BRAO.  Read the article referenced in this interview in the Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases.  Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org.  

Join Tina Baykaner, MD, MPH, HRS Digital Education Committee Vice-Chair, and her guests Mikhael F. El-Chami, MD, FHRS and  Devi G. Nair, MD, FHRS for this week's Lead episode. This article summarizes the worldwide experience retrieving chronically implanted active helix-fixation leadless ventricular pacemakers (the Aveir/Abbott platform) across regulatory clinical trials. The authors assess real-world feasibility, procedural techniques, success rates, and complications of retrieval after long dwell times, demonstrating that devices can be removed safely and effectively even years after implant—up to about 9 years in follow-up. Overall, chronic retrieval success remained high with a low rate of serious adverse events, supporting helix-fixation leadless systems as a manageable long-term pacing strategy when replacement or removal is needed.    Learning Objectives Explain the clinical indications for chronic retrieval of helix-fixation leadless pacemakers and how these differ from tine-fixation platforms.  Summarize the reported worldwide chronic retrieval success rates, implant-duration range, and key procedural or anatomic reasons for retrieval failure.  Identify practical procedural considerations (e.g., docking-button access, retrieval catheter use, imaging support) that improve the likelihood of safe long-term leadless pacemaker removal.   Article for Discussion: Worldwide Chronic Retrieval Experience of the Helix Fixation Leadless Cardiac Paccemaker   Article Authors and Podcast Contributors Article Authors Derek V. Exner, Reinoud E. Knops, Daniel J. Cantillon, Pascal Defaye, Rajesh Banker, Paul Friedman, Chris Hubbard, Stephanie M. Delgado, Anuradha Bulusu, and Vivek Y. Reddy Podcast Contributors Tina Baykaner, MD, MPH Mikhael F. El-Chami, MD, FHRS Devi G. Nair, MD, FHRS   Faculty Disclosures Host Disclosure(s): T. Baykaner •Honoraria/Speaking/Consulting: Volta Medical, Medtronic, Pacemate, Johnson and Johnson, Abbot Medical, Boston Scientific •Research: NIH   ​Contributor Disclosure(s):    M. El-Chami •Research: Medtronic, Boston Scientific •Speaking/Teaching/Consulting: Medtronic, Boston Scientific D. Nair •Speaking/Teaching/Consulting: Sieman's Healthineers •Membership on Advisory Committees: Biosense Webster, Medtronic, Abbott Medical, Boston Scientific   Staff Disclosure(s) (note: HRS staff are NOT in control of educational content. Disclosures are provided solely for full transparency to the learner): S. Sailor: No relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies to disclose.

Is the US or China winning the tech race, and what factors will determine the outcome? Mark Kennedy, founding director of the Wahba Initiative for Strategic Competition, and Paul Triolo, partner at DGA-Albright Stonebridge Group, discuss with Allison Nathan on the latest episode of Goldman Sachs Exchanges. This episode was recorded on November 10, 18, and December 9th, 2025. The opinions and views expressed herein are as of the date of publication, subject to change without notice, and may not necessarily reflect the institutional views of Goldman Sachs or its affiliates. The material provided is intended for informational purposes only, and does not constitute investment advice, a recommendation from any Goldman Sachs entity to take any particular action, or an offer or solicitation to purchase or sell any securities or financial products. This material may contain forward-looking statements. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Neither Goldman Sachs nor any of its affiliates make any representations or warranties, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the statements or information contained herein and disclaim any liability whatsoever for reliance on such information for any purpose. Each name of a third-party organization mentioned is the property of the company to which it relates, is used here strictly for informational and identification purposes only and is not used to imply any ownership or license rights between any such company and Goldman Sachs. A transcript is provided for convenience and may differ from the original video or audio content. Goldman Sachs is not responsible for any errors in the transcript. This material should not be copied, distributed, published, or reproduced in whole or in part or disclosed by any recipient to any other person without the express written consent of Goldman Sachs. Disclosures applicable to research with respect to issuers, if any, mentioned herein are available through your Goldman Sachs representative or at http://www.gs.com/research/hedge.html. © 2025 Goldman Sachs. All rights reserved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Clement Manyathela and the listeners discuss the appearance of NDPP Shamila Batohi at the Inquiry into Advocate Andrew Chauke. The listeners also reveal disclosures that they have had to make to their loved ones. The Clement Manyathela Show is broadcast on 702, a Johannesburg based talk radio station, weekdays from 09:00 to 12:00 (SA Time). Clement Manyathela starts his show each weekday on 702 at 9 am taking your calls and voice notes on his Open Line. In the second hour of his show, he unpacks, explains, and makes sense of the news of the day. Clement has several features in his third hour from 11 am that provide you with information to help and guide you through your daily life. As your morning friend, he tackles the serious as well as the light-hearted, on your behalf. Thank you for listening to a podcast from The Clement Manyathela Show. Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 09:00 and 12:00 (SA Time) to The Clement Manyathela Show broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/XijPLtJ or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/p0gWuPE Subscribe to the 702 Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Confused about required minimum distributions? You're not alone.   Welcome to another episode of The Market Moment with Matt, Lee, and John. In today's discussion, we break down Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs), current Federal Reserve policy expectations, recent market trends, and broader economic insights that may impact retirees, investors, and individuals planning ahead. Whether you're already taking RMDs, preparing for retirement, or simply trying to stay informed about market conditions, this episode offers a clear overview of key rules, deadlines, and planning considerations — including common misconceptions, inherited IRA rules, the 10-year withdrawal requirement, QCDs, and unique scenarios involving spouses and beneficiaries.   We also cover important updates on the Federal Reserve's upcoming meeting, rate cut expectations, potential policy changes, consumer trends, wage growth, and the shifting stock market landscape—from dividend-focused “Dogs of the Dow” to interest-rate-sensitive sectors and small-cap performance.  

Dr. Andy Southerland talks with Dr. Seemant Chaturvedi about the highlights from the 17th World Stroke Congress.  Learn more on the World Stroke Congress website.  Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org.  

(0:00) Intro(1:21) About the podcast sponsor: The American College of Governance Counsel(2:08) Start of interview(2:36) Michelle's origin story(4:33) The Origins of Footnoted (started in 2003)(6:36) Understanding SEC Filings and Disclosures(7:20) The "Friday Night Dump"(9:34) The State of Public vs. Private Markets(12:40) The Rise of Private Markets and Challenges of Public Markets(18:43) Red Flags in SEC Filings(22:03) The Evolution of Executive Compensation and Elon Musk's Comp(28:53) Egregious Corporate Governance examples: Sketchers.(30:08) The problem of Related Party Transactions.(31:37) Independence and Compensation of Board Members (32:36) Quote of Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett on this topic(36:33) Are we in a AI bubble? Similarities with Enron/Worldcom era? (40:18) Reference to my article on AI washing(41:43) The Importance of SEC Changes (only 3 commissioners from a single party)(43:22) The Role of Markets in Everyday Life(47:45) Books that have greatly influenced her life:The Jungle by Upton Sinclair (1906)Germinal by Émile Zola (1885)Crying in H Mart by Michelle Zauner (2021)(48:20) Her mentors: Nell Minow, Diana Henriques, and Thornton O'Glove.(49:19) Quotes that she thinks of often or lives her life by: "Don't Postpone Joy"(50:52) An unusual habit or an absurd thing that she loves. Michelle Leder is the founder and editor-in-chief of footnoted.com, a source for uncovering important information hidden deep in SEC filings.  You can follow Evan on social media at:X: @evanepsteinLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/epsteinevan/ Substack: https://evanepstein.substack.com/__To support this podcast you can join as a subscriber of the Boardroom Governance Newsletter at https://evanepstein.substack.com/__Music/Soundtrack (found via Free Music Archive): Seeing The Future by Dexter Britain is licensed under a Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License

Dr. Pedro Barata and Dr. Ravin Garg discuss strategies to increase trial representation, including leveraging trial navigators and prioritizing pragmatic trial models, as featured in the ASCO Educational Book article, "Practical Guide to Clinical Trial Accessibility: Making Trial Participation a Standard of Care." TRANSCRIPT Dr. Pedro Barata: Hello, and welcome to By the Book, a podcast from ASCO featuring compelling perspectives from authors and editors of the ASCO Educational Book. I'm Dr. Pedro Barata. I am a medical oncologist at University Hospital Seidman Cancer Center and an associate professor of medicine at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. I am also the associate editor of the ASCO Educational Book. We know that in recent years, the oncology community has increasingly prioritized the need to modernize clinical trial eligibility, reduce patient burden, and enhance diversity in trial participation. On that note, today we will be speaking about ways to enhance access to clinical trials with Dr. Ravin Garg. He is a hematologist oncologist at Maryland Oncology Hematology and also an assistant professor of oncology at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore. Dr. Garg is also the co-author of a fantastic paper in the ASCO Educational Book titled, "Practical Guide to Clinical Trial Accessibility: Making Trial Participation a Standard of Care."  Dr. Garg, welcome. Thanks for being here, and congrats on your paper. Dr. Ravin Garg: Thank you for having me, Pedro. I am excited to be here. Dr. Pedro Barata: [KI1]  Your paper is a wonderful, multidisciplinary piece that actually features perspectives from the different stakeholders, right? The patient advocacy, industry, community practice, and academia about these challenges in making trials more available. This podcast is a wonderful platform. It reaches out to a lot of folks within our community. So, I will start by asking you the obvious. Why do you think it is a must read for our community, for our listeners? Dr. Ravin Garg: So Pedro, thanks again for inviting me. You do a great job with these podcasts.  So, I think first and foremost, oncologists right now are under a lot of stress, just in terms of clinical volume. There is concern for research money, and how we get the best care for our patients. So I think this article is very important because it helps bring together, as you had mentioned, the stakeholders throughout academic to community practice and everywhere in between, and try to find how, as a team with different oncologists who partake in different aspects of oncology, can come together to streamline the process to try to get our patients on trials, or certainly have them have availability of trials, just if they are interested in going on them. Being in practice, we have had several challenges that we can talk about throughout this podcast, but I think it is a very important paper because it recognizes that at the end of the day, it takes a team effort for all of us in academics, community, industry, and pharmaceuticals to really come together as a team to really help put forth the trials for our patients. Dr. Pedro Barata: So, from the perspective of a community oncologist, how do you put together, or maybe you can describe some of the challenges that you see to increase trial participation in the community? Dr. Ravin Garg: Yes, Pedro, that is a great question, and it is something that I keep on thinking about and trying to find ways to be better at it myself. But I will say some of the challenges as a community doctor that I have seen for myself and talking to other colleagues. Number one, I do think there is a lot of stress on doctors in the community in general, Pedro. Oftentimes we are tasked to see a wide smorgasbord of patients, so we may not have the luxury of being a specialist in any particular tumor subtype. Like oftentimes, we will have to see lung cancer, the next one will be breast cancer, the next one could be CML, the next one could be thrombocytopenia. And as you know better than I do, Pedro, the field in each one of these disciplines is changing so rapidly: molecular genomics, radioligand treatments, different imaging tests, MRD testing for some of our hematologic malignancies. And I think one challenge we have in community is just keeping up with the basics of Oncology 101. In the process of doing that, it can be very difficult to sometimes remember that we have very exciting trials available for our patients. So, I think a lot of it is the day in and day out of being an oncologist is so taxing at times that oftentimes a research trial is not the first thing in our head space when we see a patient. I think number two, Pedro, at least in the community, and perhaps this is with academics too, is that we are bombarded, I would say, by a lot of messaging these days. We have in-baskets to go through, labs to go through, things of that nature. And in the process of a patient visit, seeing them, doing an exam, taking a history, trying to go over the NCCN guidelines on best practice for how to manage their care, at least for me at times, it is very hard to remember, "Hey, there might be a great trial available, whether within our network or maybe partnering with an academic center." So getting through a day can be fraught with a lot of peril and just difficulties, I would say. And I would say number three, Pedro, at least as, you know, I am in a private practice where I do see a wide range of benign and malignant hematology and solid tumors, so I would not call myself a specialist. And I think the challenge with that, at least for trials, Pedro, is that when you are a specialist or perhaps you are focusing on a couple of disease subtypes, you become more of an authoritative voice in those types of tumors, and you might be more aware of the trials within your network or perhaps in proxy with an academic center that you can offer your patient. So I think when sometimes we spread ourselves too thin, it can be very hard to be a thought leader, if you will, in a particular subtype of a malignancy, let's say, and maybe not be aware of a trial that could be really well-suited for your patient. In terms of ideas that myself and colleagues have had in terms of helping mitigate against some of these, I would say, setbacks or issues in the practice for trial enrollment, some of the things we have talked about, Pedro, is, number one, is we do partner with academic centers. So we live here in Maryland. We have several really fantastic academic centers. So, you know, oftentimes, not just within our practice of Maryland Oncology Hematology, we have a lot of great trials available here too, for certain, but in addition to that, we will often times work with doctors at Georgetown, Johns Hopkins, and Maryland if they have a compelling trial that we do not have within our network. It is really of the patient's interest, Pedro, to reach out to them in a collaborative manner to see if they have a trial that might be really compelling for your patient. So I do find myself collaborating a lot with colleagues in, like talented like yourself in academics. You know, I think you do a lot of GU malignancies. So as an example, like partnering with colleagues who are GU experts and say, "Hey, we have a patient with stage IV renal cell. These are the standard options I know, but are there any trials that you might have available?" I think the other thing that has been very helpful for us is having navigators within research, Pedro. Like as an example, what has really helped the uptake of trial enrollment for our center in Annapolis is having a research navigator because often times what they can do is, a priori, Pedro, before you see the patient and you are kind of formulating a standard of care treatment plan perhaps, they might tug you on the shirt and say, "Hey, we have a great trial here through Sarah Cannon, or there might be something else out there." And being aware of that when you go into a patient's room really provides a nice arena, if you will, to go and say, "The standard of care is here, but hey, we have a trial option that might be well suited for you, maybe perhaps even better, that we can talk about, too." So having research support in the community is really a huge boon, I think, Pedro, for us to really increase our enrollment for patients onto trials. Dr. Pedro Barata: Yes, I really love that, Ravin. So, let me switch gears a bit. I would love for you to talk a little bit about patient advocacy because they do play a huge role in cancer, and they address many barriers. How do you think we should leverage the patient advocacy groups to reduce patient burden and maybe have them really leverage patient advocacies to improve representation in clinical trials? What do we think we can do more? Dr. Ravin Garg: Oh, Pedro, I think they are very critically important. As a clinical oncologist now, and I would say this is for anyone in the field of medicine, you are exactly right. I think patients are bombarded by information. There are a lot of things online, whether it be TikTok, Facebook, Google, Yahoo, and people really just have a lot of information given to them. And some of it is fact driven, and some of it is not, Pedro. And oftentimes, I do think there can be at times a mistrust with some medical personnel. I think we are in an era where we are seeing that to some degree with some attributes of medicine. And I think of it as an opportunity for education for the patient and for myself as a physician. And I think patient advocates, to your point, which was well taken, serve as a bridge to both. And what I mean is that, you know, patient advocates are wonderful. They are, I think, outstanding communicators. They almost are a neutral party, Pedro, where many patients feel that they are an independent source of information that is free of bias, if you will. They are there to provide support, emotional support, scientific support for patients so they can make an informed decision. So, in terms of our practice right now, patient advocates is something that we are evolving in that capacity, I would say, Pedro. I think now more than ever, having more people as bridges of communication with care providers along with patients is of critical importance. And I would venture a guess, and I think this has been published, where patient advocates really can help tremendously in familiarizing patients with trials and what they are all about and maybe clear up some misconceptions of what trials, what the mission of trials are. Because I do think some patients, at least I have had a few over the years, where when they hear the term trial, they almost think they are being experimented upon, when, in point of fact, they could really help advance their care. That messaging along the way for some can may be mixed up a little bit. And so I think patient advocates is a really great way to offer more information for patients with a source they find very independent and trustworthy, if you will. And it can really help expedite, and I think make a more fruitful conversation for care providers, whether academic or community, and they might be more open-minded in terms of enrolling onto a trial. Dr. Pedro Barata: Wonderful. Yes, I agree. I agree with you completely.  So let's focus a little bit now on the folks designing the studies. We usually call them the sponsors. It might be an academic sponsorship, if you will, but we can also have pharma being the sponsor of a study. The angle from an academic design, it is not necessarily the same as what happens when we have pharma. And from that angle, how do you think a more inclusive research can be promoted? Dr. Ravin Garg: Oftentimes with trials, I think keeping them simple, as simple as we can. And what I mean by that is, often times for trials, Pedro, even for care providers who are enrolling, it can be daunting when there are a lot of different things involved, particularly, let's say, for investigator sponsored, which are incredibly brilliant science, incredible, but it can be a little bit daunting for patients and even the referring physician to talk about getting translational specimens, imaging, traveling to certain centers to get scans and biopsies and even different diagnostic testing like PSMA testing for, you know, prostate cancer. And it can, I think, be very intimidating for patients in terms of what might be required of him or her to enter onto a trial. Like, "This is not what I signed up for. This is laborious. This is a full time job for me. Do I have to pay for parking to go to a city? Do I have to pay for these imaging tests? And do I have to stay in a place for my family to enroll onto a trial?" So I think keeping trials as simple as possible, but yet cull the data we need as investigators where we can really advance the care, hopefully get approval for a drug, but also learn more about the medication and how it works for our patients. So I think simplifying language for trial is very important. I know when I have gone over studies for patients, Pedro, if it is a voluminous amount of information, they can right away get very intimidated. "Like, oh my goodness, this is like a term paper for college again," you know? I am joking, but you know, keeping language simplified is very important, I think, number one. And I feel that sometimes when they are asked to do a lot of different diagnostic testing, which is very important for translational work, I 100% understand, but I do think sometimes patients can get a little bit off put, if you will, and frustrated with the whole process of doing it. The second thing for our patients, Pedro, that they have mentioned to us when we put them on trials, not just within our own site but elsewhere, is that it takes a lot of time in terms of collecting information, perhaps a washout period from their last standard of treatment prior to enrollment onto a study. Many patients, Pedro, as you know better than I do, are in maybe crisis in terms of their health and their cancer might be growing, promulgating out of control, and they worry about not being able to expeditiously start onto a treatment, onto a trial. So that can lead to a lot of frustration. And one thing that you brought up, which was outstanding for me, is the enrollment criterion for some of our patients is felt to be somewhat strict. We have had some patients who may have had a remote history of a stage I malignancy that was by all accounts in remission, you know, let's say 4 or 5 years in the past, and the risk of recurrence at this point would be incredibly low, but they may not be able to enter onto a study because of some stringent criterion put forth. And that can be a little bit frustrating. In fact, I have had one or two patients who, as an example, with kidney issues, but the GFR was about 60, like right near a cutoff that oftentimes, as you know, we use where you can get into trial or not. And you know, if they are at 58, as an example, and otherwise they are a picture of health, a great candidate for a trial that will likely advance their care, and if the entry criterion is too stringent, that might be a lost opportunity for all parties involved, all stakeholders, if you will. I do appreciate the criterion for entry onto studies cannot be too liberalized. You have to have a certain baseline, but there is a little bit of a gray area and tension, of sorts, if you will, where the patient has a comorbid illness that is a disqualifying offense, but in practicality, perhaps it shouldn't be, especially if they are motivated and there is an opportunity to really advance their care. We have run into, not often, but sometimes in the past, I should say, where patients have been very off put because we try to get them onto a study and there may have been a particular feature or attribute in their underlying care that they couldn't get onto it. So I think having a little bit more thoughtfulness, perhaps, in terms of entry criterion and practicality, if you will, I think would really help enrollment onto studies. Dr. Pedro Barata: Really well said. Is there anything else that you would like to tell our listeners before we wrap up the podcast today? Dr. Ravin Garg: I would say just macroscopically speaking, it is really an honor to be an oncologist. I think I speak for both of us. Anyone listening who is thinking about the field, it is tremendous. Just the research, the bravery of our patients, and the thoughtfulness of our scientists like Pedro and translationalists and clinical trialists is really awe inspiring. So I have really loved this field. I will say from a trial perspective, we really need to enter as many patients as we can onto trials because the science is so brilliant now, the genomic underpinnings of the tumor, we are making great strides as a team of clinicians and scientists, translationalists. So the more that we can get people onto trials and get approved drugs, it is going to help them out in the end. So I think it is such an important time for all of us to come together as a community, find the best way to help our patients out. And clinical trials have to be at the forefront of how we can continue to advance care for our patients. Dr. Pedro Barata: Yeah, no Ravin, I really agree with you. We really need to increase access to clinical studies, and actually your paper is a great step in that direction by raising awareness, bringing up solutions, and again, collaboration, collaboration, collaboration is really a multidisciplinary effort to accomplish that.  Thank you so much for sharing your fantastic thoughts and insights with us. Dr. Ravin Garg: Thank you, Pedro. I am- you do a wonderful job with these podcasts. I am really honored to meet you and to be part of this. Dr. Pedro Barata: And thank you to our listeners for your time today. I encourage you to check out Dr. Garg's article in the 2025 ASCO Educational Book. We will post a link to the paper in our show notes. And please join us again next month on By the Book for more insights on key advances and innovations that are shaping modern oncology. Thank you for your attention. Disclaimer: The purpose of this podcast is to educate and to inform. This is not a substitute for professional medical care and is not intended for use in the diagnosis or treatment of individual conditions. Guests on this podcast express their own opinions, experience, and conclusions. Guest statements on the podcast do not express the opinions of ASCO. The mention of any product, service, organization, activity, or therapy should not be construed as an ASCO endorsement. Follow today's speakers:          Dr. Pedro Barata   @PBarataMD    Dr. Ravin Garg Follow ASCO on social media:          @ASCO on X      ASCO on Bluesky     ASCO on Facebook       ASCO on LinkedIn       Disclosures:       Dr. Pedro Barata:   Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Luminate Medical   Honoraria: UroToday   Consulting or Advisory Role: Bayer, BMS, Pfizer, EMD Serono, Eisai, Caris Life Sciences, AstraZeneca, Exelixis, AVEO, Merck, Ipson, Astellas Medivation, Novartis, Dendreon   Speakers' Bureau: AstraZeneca, Merck, Caris Life Sciences, Bayer, Pfizer/Astellas   Research Funding (Inst.): Exelixis, Blue Earth, AVEO, Pfizer, Merck    Dr. Ravin Garg: Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: Creator, editor, and writer of hemeoncquestions.com  

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Goldman Sachs Research's David Kostin discusses the recent equity market volatility, the AI trade, and the opportunities for investors today. Kostin, who is retiring as chief US equity strategist at the end of 2025, also reflects on his 31-year career at Goldman Sachs. The opinions and views expressed herein are as of the date of publication, subject to change without notice, and may not necessarily reflect the institutional views of Goldman Sachs or its affiliates. The material provided is intended for informational purposes only, and does not constitute investment advice, a recommendation from any Goldman Sachs entity to take any particular action, or an offer or solicitation to purchase or sell any securities or financial products.  This material may contain forward-looking statements.  Past performance is not indicative of future results. Neither Goldman Sachs nor any of its affiliates make any representations or warranties, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the statements or information contained herein and disclaim any liability whatsoever for reliance on such information for any purpose.  Each name of a third-party organization mentioned is the property of the company to which it relates, is used here strictly for informational and identification purposes only and is not used to imply any ownership or license rights between any such company and Goldman Sachs.  A transcript is provided for convenience and may differ from the original video or audio content.  Goldman Sachs is not responsible for any errors in the transcript. This material should not be copied, distributed, published, or reproduced in whole or in part or disclosed by any recipient to any other person without the express written consent of Goldman Sachs.    Disclosures applicable to research with respect to issuers, if any, mentioned herein are available through your Goldman Sachs representative or at http://www.gs.com/research/hedge.html. Goldman Sachs does not endorse any candidate or any political party.  © 2025 Goldman Sachs. All rights reserved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Alex Menze talks with Dr. Kristen Dams-O'Connor about traumatic encephalopathy syndrome and its relationship with traumatic brain injury.  Read the related article in Neurology® Open Access.   Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. 

Dr. Jeff Ratliff talks with Dr. Dara Albert about the misconceptions surrounding FND, the importance of compassionate communication with patients, and the need for improved educational strategies to address knowledge gaps.  Read the related article in Neurology® Education.   Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. 

Dr. Alex Menze talks with Professor Hakan Cetin about the need to reevaluate the approach to diagnosing and treating seronegative myasthenia gravis.  Read the related article in Neurology®.  Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. 

Despite a year marked by geopolitical uncertainty, higher tariffs, and slowing growth, deal-making activity is surging in 2025. So can this current wave of M&A activity continue? Goldman Sachs' Stephan Feldgoise, head of the Global Mergers & Acquisition business in Global Banking & Markets, discusses the outlook with Allison Nathan. This episode was recorded on November 20, 2025. The opinions and views expressed herein are as of the date of publication, subject to change without notice, and may not necessarily reflect the institutional views of Goldman Sachs or its affiliates. The material provided is intended for informational purposes only, and does not constitute investment advice, a recommendation from any Goldman Sachs entity to take any particular action, or an offer or solicitation to purchase or sell any securities or financial products.  This material may contain forward-looking statements.  Past performance is not indicative of future results. Neither Goldman Sachs nor any of its affiliates make any representations or warranties, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the statements or information contained herein and disclaim any liability whatsoever for reliance on such information for any purpose.  Each name of a third-party organization mentioned is the property of the company to which it relates, is used here strictly for informational and identification purposes only and is not used to imply any ownership or license rights between any such company and Goldman Sachs.  A transcript is provided for convenience and may differ from the original video or audio content.  Goldman Sachs is not responsible for any errors in the transcript. This material should not be copied, distributed, published, or reproduced in whole or in part or disclosed by any recipient to any other person without the express written consent of Goldman Sachs.    Disclosures applicable to research with respect to issuers, if any, mentioned herein are available through your Goldman Sachs representative or at http://www.gs.com/research/hedge.html. Goldman Sachs does not endorse any candidate or any political party.  © 2025 Goldman Sachs. All rights reserved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices