Dirshu Mishnah Berurah

Explore the nuanced laws of tying and untying on Shabbos. This episode delves into when knots are considered permitted, prohibited, or rabbinically restricted, including practical cases like pails, belts, animal harnesses, shoelaces, and neckties. Learn what makes a knot “permanent” and how intention and usage play key roles in halachic outcomes.

Explore the practical halachic rulings around handling shoes, sandals, belts, and clothing on Shabbat. Learn what's permitted and prohibited when reinserting straps, tying garments, or making temporary fixes — and understand when these acts fall under the category of Makeh B'Patish (completing a vessel) or tying forbidden knots. This episode offers detailed, clear guidance on day-to-day situations like slipping shoe straps, tying belts, or unfastening laundry knots.

In this episode, we explore the halachic principles behind tying and untying knots on Shabbat, focusing on the two key conditions discussed in classical sources: permanence and professional craftsmanship. We compare opinions from the Shulchan Aruch, Rambam, Rashi, and the Mishnah Berurah, and address when a knot may be permitted for mitzvah purposes or in cases of discomfort. Clear guidelines and practical examples—like tying a bucket rope or measuring a mikvah—help clarify when a knot constitutes a biblical or rabbinic concern.

In this episode, we begin exploring Siman 317, focusing on the melacha (forbidden labor) of tying knots on Shabbat. The discussion centers around three halachic categories of knots—biblically prohibited, rabbinically prohibited, and permitted—and analyzes the key distinctions between them. We delve into whether a knot must be permanent or professionally tied to be forbidden, examine classic cases like tying camels or ships, and review disputes among the Rishonim and Acharonim, including the Rif, Rambam, Rashi, and Rema. Practical guidance is offered on when tying is permissible, especially regarding duration and intent to untie. 

In this episode, we explore the halachic complexities surrounding the concept of trapping animals on Shabbat. What defines an animal as domesticated? When does bringing an animal indoors cross into forbidden territory? We discuss key opinions from major halachic sources about handling household pets, birds, and stray animals, and clarify the role of intent, animal behavior, and the size of a home or courtyard in determining permissibility. 

This episode explores the halachic permissibility of killing or trapping animals on Shabbat, especially when they pose a danger. We focus on distinctions between life-threatening and non-lethal threats, and how intention affects the rulings. The discussion includes sources from the Shulchan Aruch, Mishnah Berurah, and views of the Rambam and other Rishonim. We also touch on related topics like treading on insects and handling spit on the ground during Shabbat.

In this episode, we delve into the halachic complexities of dealing with small insects—specifically fleas and lice—on Shabbat. We explore when removing or killing them is permitted, distinguishing between pain-based allowances and general prohibitions. Learn key rulings from classic halachic sources and understand the rabbinic versus biblical distinctions regarding trapping and killing small creatures on Shabbat.

Explore the halachic principles of trapping and wounding animals on Shabbat, focusing on the eight swarming creatures mentioned in Vayikra. This episode unpacks distinctions between animals with valuable skin versus those without, the legal implications of causing bruises or drawing blood, and intent-based exemptions. We also discuss when actions are considered constructive versus destructive, and how modern behavior and location affect halachic status.

In this episode, we explore the complex halachic laws of tzad (trapping) on Shabbat, focusing on practical scenarios like a wild animal, a gazelle entering a home, closing and locking doors, and forming human barriers. We also examine cases involving dangerous animals like snakes, and the distinction between intentional and protective actions. Learn how biblical and rabbinic rulings differ when dealing with melacha, joint actions, and safeguarding human life.

In this episode, we continue exploring the melacha of trapping on Shabbat. We clarify when trapping is biblically versus rabbinically prohibited, focusing on animals that are not usually trapped—like flies. Learn the distinctions between intentional, unintentional, and trapping that will automatically follow (psik reisha), how container size and escape routes impact halachic status, and why purpose matters when dealing with insects. Practical guidance is provided on dealing with bugs in the home, covering beehives, and setting traps.

In this episode, we explore halachic nuances of trapping animals on Shabbat, focusing on cases involving blind, lame, old, or sick animals. We discuss when trapping incurs biblical liability versus when it's only rabbinically prohibited. We also examine the use of dogs in hunting and its moral implications, both on Shabbat and during the week. Join us for practical insights and classical sources that clarify these complex distinctions.

In this episode, we begin a new Siman on the halachic concept of trapping animals on Shabbat. We explore when trapping constitutes a Torah-level prohibition versus a rabbinic one. Topics include the distinction between enclosed but non-restrictive spaces (like a large house) and true confinement, differences in trapping birds, fish, and wild animals, and how intent versus outcome impacts the halachic status. Practical cases, such as closing windows in cold weather, are discussed with nuanced application of the principle of psik reisha.

This episode explores the halachic details of constructing temporary structures on Shabbat, focusing on the prohibition of making an Ohel (tent-like form). We analyze when hanging large curtains, spreading canopies, covering barrels or casks, and replacing drawers or bed covers may violate this melacha

In this episode, we explore the halachic principles surrounding temporary structures on Shabbat—specifically tents, curtains, and bed canopies. The discussion focuses on when it is permitted to erect or dismantle these structures, how elements like cords and a handbreadth-sized "roof" factor into permissibility, and whether everyday items like blankets can pose a halachic issue. Clear guidance is drawn from the Mishna Berura, Shulchan Aruch, and other key sources, offering practical insight into common Shabbat questions.

In this episode, we explore the halachic parameters of constructing tent-like structures on Shabbat, focusing on cases like stacking books, spreading tablecloths, and sloped canopies. Learn when such acts are permitted, rabbinically prohibited, or biblically problematic based on the Mishnah Berurah and classic opinions like the Rema, Rif, Rambam, Rashi, and others

This episode explores key halachic principles regarding the prohibition of building or dismantling tent-like structures on Shabbat. Topics include spreading sheets over beds, using folding chairs and wall-attached beds, and the intricacies of applying the lavud principle. The discussion also covers the halachic nuances of stacking barrels in a way that may resemble a tent structure. Practical applications and rulings from major halachic authorities, including the Mishnah Berurah, are reviewed with clarity for everyday Shabbat observance.

Is assembling IKEA-style furniture on Shabbos allowed? This episode explores halachic principles surrounding building and deconstruction on Shabbos, particularly temporary assembly like beds or tables. We examine distinctions between creating a “tent-like” structure and typical use cases. Also discussed: wide-brimmed hats on Shabbos—are they tents? What about covering chimneys, skylights, or placing a tallis over a hat? 

This episode explores the halachic principles of creating temporary shelters (tents or covers) on Shabbat. We discuss practical scenarios like spreading a canopy over a baby buggy, using umbrellas, or stretching a mat on a ship. Learn when it's permitted to extend or add to a structure and how concepts like tefach (a handbreadth) and lavud (halachic closeness) determine the outcome.

This episode explores the halachic concepts of construction and deconstruction on Shabbos, focusing on temporary structures like tents, roofs, partitions, and curtains. Key topics include umbrellas, sukkahs, privacy dividers, and baby stroller covers—analyzing when these are considered “building” and when they're permitted. Practical guidance is given for common Shabbos scenarios involving modesty, heat protection, and household use.

In this episode, we delve into the halachic issues of building and sealing on Shabbos, including the prohibition of smearing thick substances to block holes, using food items as makeshift plugs, and the nuances of inserting objects like knives into walls. We explore when these acts are considered construction (boneh) or rabbinically prohibited fixes, and address the practical implications for items like wax earplugs and soap. A detailed analysis also touches on intention, subterfuge, and preparation before Shabbos. Essential listening for navigating everyday Shabbos dilemmas.

This episode examines the halachic framework for creating spouts and openings in containers on Shabbat—using wine barrels, reeds, and makeshift taps as classical examples. We explore how these principles inform modern applications, such as opening juice boxes, inserting straws, using spigots in beverage dispensers, and even managing wine casks in hospitality settings. Drawing from the Shulchan Aruch, Rema, and Mishnah Berurah, we uncover the fine line between permitted use and prohibited melacha based on intent, permanence, and tool use. Join us as we connect centuries-old rulings to present-day Sabbath observance.

In this episode, we explore the halachic intricacies of creating openings in objects on Shabbat, focusing on wine barrels. We discuss when it's permissible to insert a spout or remove a lid, and when actions like piercing the side of a barrel or using a myrtle leaf as a makeshift tap are prohibited. Key distinctions are made between actions done intentionally to create a functional opening and those done for broader access, along with concerns about completing a utensil. Practical examples and rulings from classic halachic sources guide this nuanced analysis.

A deep dive into the complex halachic principles surrounding opening packaging on Shabbat. We explore the classic sources—Shulchan Aruch, Mishnah Berurah, and major Poskim—regarding creating or widening holes in containers, with real-world examples such as milk cartons and barrels. Includes practical guidance on handling packaging when pre-opening isn't possible.

In this in-depth episode, we explore the complex halachic questions surrounding the opening of food packaging on Shabbos. Drawing from the Shulchan Aruch, Mishna Berura, Chazon Ish, Rav Moshe Feinstein, and other major poskim, we break down the core prohibitions of Boneh (building), Soser (destruction), and Makeh B'Patish (final hammer blow) as they apply to modern containers.Should you open a cereal box on Shabbos? What about a bottle cap or yogurt lid? What's the difference between disposable and reusable packaging? Learn the practical guidelines, chumras, and leniencies, and understand why opening packaging before Shabbos is strongly advised. A must-listen for anyone seeking to keep Shabbos carefully and confidently in the modern kitchen.

This episode explores complex halachic issues regarding repairing or reassembling household items on Shabbat. We delve into cases such as fixing loose hinges on cabinets, reassembling beds and goblets, and using everyday objects to support structural elements like beams. Practical guidance is provided on when actions constitute prohibited building or the final act of completion (makkeh b'patish), and when leniencies apply for loosely fitted or temporary repairs.

This episode explores the halachic intricacies of doors, hinges, and barriers on Shabbat, focusing on Siman 313. We examine when placing or locking a door is considered building, the status of reed mats, thorn panels, and single-plank closures, and how constant use or prior attachment affects permissibility. A detailed look at common and less common cases, all through the lens of Shulchan Aruch and Mishnah Berurah

In this episode, we explore halachic boundaries between constructive use and prohibited building on Shabbat. Focusing on rods and bolts used for locking doors or windows, we examine key debates between Rashi and Rabbeinu Tam, practical rulings from the Rema and Mishnah Berurah, and distinctions based on whether items are considered functional utensils (kli) before Shabbat. We also dive into how attachment, form, and placement—especially with floor bolts—can determine permissibility. Essential listening for anyone seeking clarity on the nuances of binyan (building) and stirah (dismantling) in home settings on Shabbat.Don't forget to: • Subscribe to get alerts for the next episode • Share with anyone studying Hilchot Shabbat • Leave a review if you're enjoying the series

In this episode, we explore the laws surrounding bodily functions in fields on Shabbat, focusing on concerns of inadvertently performing prohibited labor like leveling or fertilizing the ground. We also cover the permissibility of constructing makeshift seating for this purpose. Later, we examine the halachic nuances of moving and placing items like stoppers, bolts, and shutters on Shabbat—highlighting when such actions may or may not constitute building.

This episode explores the halachic considerations of using various materials—such as stones, grass, and pottery handles—for personal hygiene on Shabbat. We delve into concerns like muktzeh, plucking, and smoothing, and how dignity, intention, and physical safety influence leniencies in these laws.

This episode concludes the discussion on the indirect handling of prohibited items on Shabbat, including accessing buried fruit within muksa materials and clarifying when such movement is permissible. It also explores the use of stones for personal hygiene on Shabbat, touching on principles of preparation, personal dignity, and practical halachic rulings related to modern scenarios like toilet paper.

In this episode, we delve into the concept of indirect movement on Shabbat — when and how it's permissible to move otherwise prohibited items to access permitted ones. We explore practical examples like retrieving buried produce and shifting straw on beds, emphasizing the halachic nuances around intention, location, and method of movement.

This episode explores the halachic considerations of moving a deceased person on Shabbat. We discuss when it is permitted, such as moving the body with permitted items like bread or a child, the role of clothing, indirect movement for permitted needs, and strategies for shading or preserving the deceased. We also examine the limitations on bodily contact, including closing eyes or straightening limbs, and how Kabbalistic customs interact with halachic rulings.

This episode explores the halachic considerations surrounding moving a deceased body on Shabbat. It discusses the balance between honoring the deceased and preserving the dignity of the living, and examines circumstances under which rabbinic prohibitions may be overridden. Topics include transferring the body between domains, the role of accompanying items (like a loaf of bread or a child), and the permissibility of involving non-Jews in such transfers.

This episode explores the permissibility of moving a deceased person on Shabbat, particularly when there's a risk of disrespect or danger, such as fire or extreme heat. We examine indirect methods of movement, rabbinic leniencies, and distinctions between moving within a domain versus between domains.

In this episode, we explore the laws of handling clothing and objects that contain muktzeh (items prohibited to move on Shabbat), including cases where money is left in pockets or drawers, and when these items are still permitted to move. We also delve into the principles governing mixed-use items like coal pans or trays that contain both permitted and prohibited contents.

In this episode, we delve deeper into the laws of muktzeh, focusing on when and how supporting objects become prohibited due to their association with muktzeh items. Topics include placing items under or over muktzeh, the principles of rendering a usable object unusable on Shabbat, and detailed cases like beds with money, purses, and pockets. We explore nuances in intent, designation, and practical implications for moving or using such items on Shabbat.

In this episode, we delve deeper into the laws of muktza on Shabbat, focusing on the principles around handling and eating items that change status during the day. We explore practical examples including dried fruit and ritual items like the circumcision knife, and discuss how intention and preparedness before Shabbat affect halachic status.

This episode delves into the laws of muktzah on Shabbat, focusing on items set aside due to their disgusting nature, like excrement or spoiled food. The discussion explores when such items can or cannot be moved, based on classic halachic sources and differing opinions of early rabbis. Practical cases—like smelly utensils, commercial produce, and food preparation—are analyzed through the lens of Shulchan Aruch and the Mishnah Berurah.

A practical exploration of the laws of muktzeh on Shabbat, focusing on when and how one can move items that support or hold prohibited objects. The episode clarifies the rules of indirect movement, the concept of basis (support for muktzeh), and distinctions based on intentionality and forgetfulness.

In this episode, we explore the nuanced laws of muktzeh on Shabbat—particularly moving muktzeh items indirectly, such as when carried by a child. We delve into scenarios involving emotional needs, public versus private domains, and practical rulings about items like stones in baskets or coins in children's hands.

This episode concludes the in-depth exploration of muksa on Shabbos, focusing on complex cases such as garments containing forbidden mixtures, objects that induce prohibited changes, and the nuanced permissibility of moving various household and ritual items. Halachic principles surrounding intentionality, functionality, and object status are examined in detail.

In this episode, we explore the laws surrounding carrying children on Shabbat, especially in public or semi-public spaces without an eruv. We examine key distinctions between assisting a child in walking versus carrying, the rabbinic principles behind carrying people, and common scenarios like shoulder-carrying and children with bags. The episode also touches on playing with balls on Shabbat and related concerns about movement and domain boundaries.

This episode explores nuanced laws of muktzeh on Shabbos, focusing on waste-related items and situations where leniencies apply—such as moving a waste pot due to odor or risk of loss. It also discusses handling earth brought indoors for permitted use, and early considerations around animal handling, including pets, on Shabbos.

A practical deep dive into the laws of muktzah on Shabbos, focusing on when raw meat, fish, and inedible or repulsive items may be moved. The episode also explores the status of ineffective amulets, handling filth in living areas, and how object usability and human dignity affect halachic rulings

This episode explores the laws of muktzeh on Shabbat, focusing on food remnants such as peels, shells, crumbs, and bones. We examine when these items may or may not be moved, distinctions based on their status before and during the meal, and factors like animal edibility, quantity, and cleanliness. Practical applications include handling table waste, using indirect methods to remove items, and considerations around feeding animals.

This episode continues our exploration of the laws of muktzah on Shabbat, focusing on when and how ordinarily restricted items like stones, palm branches, or wood chips may become permitted through designation or use. We discuss practical applications involving covering barrels, closing doors, and repurposing items like combed flax or animal hides, and highlight key differences between permanent and temporary designations.

In this episode, we explore the laws concerning moving different types of ladders on Shabbat, based on their use and size, as well as the rules for handling palm branches and stones designated for firewood or seating. We delve into the principles of muktzeh and when an item's status can change through thought or action before Shabbat.

In this episode, we continue discussing the laws of muktzeh on Shabbat, focusing on handling wet garments, drying implements, and items with prohibited uses. We explore when sticks or tools can be moved, the status of broken furniture, and the use of construction materials like bricks and thorns on Shabbos.

This episode explores the laws of moving items on Shabbat, focusing on remnants of rugs, worn cloths, and broken sandals. We discuss when an object retains usefulness and can still be moved, and when it becomes unusable and prohibited. Key principles such as the status of thrown-away items, differences between rich and poor regarding item importance, and practical cases like moving a shoe mold and handling a broken sandal are examined.

In this episode, we delve into the laws surrounding the movement and replacement of doors and covers on Shabbat, particularly focusing on distinctions between movable items and those attached to the ground. We explore how concepts of building and destroying apply, the role of preparation before Shabbat, and when certain objects—like a chicken coop door or a needle—can be handled.

In this episode, we explore the detailed laws of muktzeh on Shabbat, particularly focusing on items that have become broken or have unclear utility. We discuss when such items can or cannot be moved, based on their functional designation before Shabbat and whether they were discarded. The discussion covers practical cases like broken earthenware, stones, candle wicks, and detached doors, highlighting key principles from traditional sources.