Orders in Decay

#44 The Dying Art Of Protesting by General

Producer Ashvin Kapilan explores the use of police power in the UK, focussing on the controversial technique of 'kettling'. Featuring the work of Prof Mark Neocleous, the podcast exposes how the concept of security is often used to increase and entrench police power power at worrying levels. Special thank you to Professor Mark Neocleous for agreeing to be interviewed for the purposes of the production of this podcast Music and Sounds Astrisx by Blue Dot Sessions (www.sessions.blue). Dial 999 – Police car, pass from left to right with yelp siren by BBC Sound Effects (https://sound-effects.bbcrewind.co.uk/search?q=07045267) Household – Kettle filled with water by BBC Sound Effects (https://sound-effects.bbcrewind.co.uk/search?q=07042254) Household: Electric Kettle Boiling by BBC Sounds Effects (https://sound-effects.bbcrewind.co.uk/search?q=07027207) Inamorata by Blue Dot Sessions (www.sessions.blue). Kitchens – Large domestic kitchen by BBC Sound Effects (https://sound-effects.bbcrewind.co.uk/search?q=07056101) London – London, West End, Portland Place – 1972 (1T1, reprocessed) by BBC Sound Effects (https://sound-effects.bbcrewind.co.uk/search?q=07060038) Public Demonstration In A London Square by BBC Sound Effects (https://sound effects.bbcrewind.co.uk/search?q=07032271). This Passage by Blue Dot Sessions (www.sessions.blue). True Blue Sky by Blue Dot Sessions (www.sessions.blue). Union Hall Melody by Blue Dot Sessions (www.sessions.blue)

Producer: Maya Viswa. This podcast will explore the 26 year Sri Lankan Civil War and its' repercussions in modern day Sri Lanka. It will focus on the concept of disappearance as a symbol of a never ending conflict. It connects together a lack of closure, lack of truth and a mask of the true brutality that occurred. Through exploring the history of the Sri Lankan civil war, its' modern day repercussions and the forgotten stories of the Tamil victims, this podcast will highlight that the Sri Lankan civil war never ended and perhaps may never end.

Produced by Zosha Elleston, the podcast will explore and analyse the 1921 Tulsa riots and massacre. Shooting, theft and unlawful detention were just some of the atrocities that arose from the conflict between the prosperous black neighbourhood and the white neighbourhood within Tulsa. We will explore systemic racism and racial segregation. I want to sincerely thank Professor Kimberly Fain and Professor Chris Messer, who provided me with a rich detail of analysis for the podcast. I have learned a great deal from them both. Sounds and Music Best, O. (2009). “Taps - America The Beautiful (Medley).” Vosotros (curator). In: vosotros presents: ¡ YES WE PUEDE ! Free Music Archive Matthews, W. (2014). “Michaels Song” WFMU (curator). In: Live on WFMU with Irene Trudel: April 14, 2014 Free Music Archive Matthews, W. (2014). “The Little Clowns Piece” WFMU (curator). In: Live on WFMU with Irene Trudel: April 14, 2014 Free Music Archive Matthews, W. (2014). “Waltz for Django” WFMU (curator). In: Live on WFMU with Irene Trudel: April 14, 2014 Free Music Archive Thornton, W. (2013). “Twenty.” In: New River Vol. 1 Free Music Archive Unknown. ‘‘1 Woman Screaming & Crying - Woman, uncontrolled sobbing.” In: BBC Sound Effects. BBC Unknown. ‘‘Army - Army Drill, marching in broken step.” In: BBC Sound Effects. BBC Unknown. ‘‘Barn Doors (Wooden) - Wooden barn door. Heavy door closed (interior)” In: BBC Sound Effects. BBC Unknown. ‘‘Bbc News Sound Effects Tape - Riot no.1” In: BBC Sound Effects. BBC Unknown. ‘‘Bits & Pieces - Riot in Belfast - more subdued.” In: BBC Sound Effects. BBC Unknown. ‘‘Bus Ticket Machines (London Transport) - Bell Punch ticket machine operated once. (London Transport.)” In: BBC Sound Effects. BBC Unknown. “Crowd Of 6000 At Protest Meeting - General atmosphere of crowd at protest meeting. (6000 people, recorded outdoors in England.).” In: BBC Sound Effects. BBC Unknown. “Dial 999 - Police car departs with wail siren.” In: BBC Sound Effects. BBC Unknown. ‘‘Fire - close-up sounds of a small fire. Some loud cracks. Very clear sounds.” In: BBC Sound Effects. BBC Unknown. ‘‘Glass & China Crashes - Crash: Window Breaking.” In: BBC Sound Effects. BBC Unknown. ‘‘Pheasant Shoot - Pheasant shoot, shots at cock pheasants.)” In: BBC Sound Effects. Unknown. ‘‘Theatre - Revolver shot (simulated)” In: BBC Sound Effects.

Producer Eva Djukic explains that it's difficult to imagine a world in which AIDS isn't normalised. This podcast tells the untold struggle that non-hegemonic classes went through to thrust AIDS onto the political agenda. Not everyone can remain anaesthetised to public order – for the suspect population it becomes a matter of life and death. This podcast explores the social and political pedagogies that defined and confined early AIDS activism and looks at the changing momentum in 1987 that led to the formation of ACT UP. It uses Resource Mobilisation and Collective Identity Theory to establish how the movement arose and how its tactics and ideologies were shaped. The podcast challenges the dominant discourse which confines the movement's legacies as catalysts for gay and lesbian rights. It seeks to establish that ACT UP's greatest achievement was the deconstruction of the knowledge-power dichotomy which helped change global health policy, gave rise to ‘AIDS exceptionalism' and led to the largest international commitment of resources to a health crisis in history. Special Thanks to Dr Illan Wall, Associate Professor at the School of Law, Warwick University: For his consistent extensive support throughout the production of the podcast. And to Professor Patricia Siplon, Professor of Political Science and Director of Public Health, Saint Michael's College Vermont: For participating as an interviewee and sharing her valuable expertise. BBC Sounds < https://sound-effects.bbcrewind.co.uk/ > • Eurostar – Eurostar train arrives (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Traffic – Night traffic – Trafalgar Square, London- 1972 (1R2, reprocessed) (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Vocal & Heart Effects – Heart beating, 18 year old male's heart (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Crowds, Children & Footsteps – Industrial Dispute, chanting among marchers (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Electrical Radiation – Radio Interference (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Betting Shop – Atmosphere with public address (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • German Crowds- German crowd, exterior, mixed angry crowd (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Manual Typewriter (Close Perspective) – Manual Typewriter: Close Perspective, fast typing (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Exterior Crowds 1 – Crowd shouting, screaming, laughing – close perspective – 1972 (2C1, reprocessed) (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Gongs & Cymbals – Gong rolls (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Motor horns – American Police Siren being sounded (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Skids – Car approach & skid (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Motor Horns (electric) – Multitone Motor Horn, impatient blasts sounded (Electrical motor horn) (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) • Pulleys, Winches & Chains – Chains rattling (Credit to: BBC Sound Effects) Other • Car Horn Doppler by PE865405 https://www.videvo.net/sound-effect/car-horn-doppler-by-pe865405/238691/ Music Free music archive < https://freemusicarchive.org/home > • O Fortuna – MIT Concert Choir • Patience – Sergey Cheremisinov • Songs for a Sad Guitar – Rest you Sleeping giant • Acoustic Mediation – Jason Shaw • To live – Sergey Cheremisinov • Breakthrough – Pictures of the Floating world Icons8 • https://audionautix.com/Music/AcousticMeditation2.mp3 • The last Guardian – Dream Machine • There is no way back – Ilya Marfin • Circadian – Anatu • The world light – Les Temps Modernes • Radiant – Dream Machine • Perfect Time – Svyat Ilin

Sacha Houghton: One murder victim. Two detectives. Three suspects.... Except, this time, there's no murder victim. In this unconventional and dry-humoured podcast, you will determine the cause of riots the only way you know how - via a murder mystery. In order to solve the puzzle, the impact of the police, crowd psychology, and grievance shall all be considered, leading to a startling conclusion as to who the true culprit is. Sacha Houghton

Racism continues to play a significant role in the arrest, prosecution, and imprisonment of black citizens. This podcast explores the question of whether there is systematic racism in US law enforcement, and how this facilitates mass incarceration and the prison industrial complex in America. It analyses the emergence of the US carceral state and how policing has become an ongoing concern for black people during anti-police movements in the 1960s to the Black Live Matter movements today. Acknowledgements: Special thanks to Interviewees: Dr Lydia Plath Associate Professor of US History at the University of Warwick Dr Eduardo Mendieta Professor of Philosophy at Penn State University Dr Max Felker Kantor Assistant Professor of History at Ball State University Producer: Catherine Nkuo

This podcast will centre around the protests that began in October 2019 in Beirut, Lebanon. The aim of the protests, or ‘Al-Thawra' in arabic, is the decentralisation and uprooting of Lebanon's corrupt government. Women have been an essential part of the revolution. Mothers, daughters and even grandmothers have been seen on the frontlines. As the protests grew in size, photographs spread on social media of young women and girls forming barriers between the army and their people. The podcast will focus on the protective nature of women, their ability to organise and lead protests and how a woman's revolution emanated within the Lebanese one. I would like to specially thank Mona Fawaz, a professor of urban studies and planning at the American University of Beirut. Her knowledge as both an academic and Lebanese woman was a great help with putting in perspective the true role and effect of women during the protests. Celine Dib

Apartheid remains. Even decades after its formal end, it is still interwoven in South African politics. This podcast explores the spatial politics of South Africa's transition from apartheid. It explores the history of land dispossession to establish the strong relationship between geographic space and inequality. It analyses how promises from the post-apartheid government and constitutional provisions contributed to enabling the continuance of the socio-spatial legacy of Apartheid. Special thanks to Dr. Zachary Levenson, Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro and Senior Research Associate at the University of Johannesburg. Dr. Illan rua Wall, Reader, University of Warwick School of Law Zahra Abdul-Malik

After nine days of violent protests and over one thousand deaths, the Romanian Revolution finally ended with the execution of the dictator, on 25th December 1989. Many years after the fall of the regime, evidence has come to the surface that manipulation techniques have been used on the population in order to achieve chaos during the revolution. So, were the events as simple as presented? Or were the people made to fight in a revolution that was used by politicians to achieve political power? Until this day there is much uncertainty surrounding the days of December 1989. This podcast will explore the events of the 1989 Romanian Revolution and the role of its live broadcasting. Special thanks to Viorel Domenico for agreeing to participate in this podcast and to Eduard Voinea for voicing the English translation of the interview.

The remnants of the Lebanese Civil War and its wounds remain visible in Lebanon today. In August 2020, the devastating Beirut port explosion caused the death of over 200 hundred people in the capital city and shook the nation to its core. Yet, the process of mourning has been interrupted by the spread of the pandemic, unprecedented economic crisis and social injustice. Alaa Hatim Fawaz explores the changing nature of the protests prior and following the explosion, reflecting the ever-increasing public discontent. We will examine the roles of various political actors, not limited to the Lebanese government, who are involved in the very structures which enabled the explosion to occur. To the Lebanese people, all of them, means all of them.

#33 Argentina: The Birth of Legal Abortion by General

The negative consequences that flow from the abundance of crude oil in this region has been popularly termed as “The Niger Delta Conflict”. However, what this podcast aims to show is that whilst oil is a key component of this conflict, it over simplifies what is in effect a multi-layered conflict. There is not just a singular conflict in the Delta, there are conflicts. From the environmental devastation, to the destruction of livelihoods, the rise of armed insurgency and corrupt governance. My thanks to Dr Elias Courson for offering his time to be part of this podcast.

Not your average war story. An expose of the racial, class and gendered inequity that was shrouded within the Vietnam wars anti-war movement. Through the exploration of civil disobedience and the student movement, I uncover the history of the social struggles of those not fighting in the war; but fighting to get out of fighting.

Criminals, lazy looters and the mindless underclass; this was the narrative pushed by numerous politicians and academics after the 2011 UK riots. For many, the riots simply boiled down to greed. However, the problem with this perspective is that the spacial dynamics, reactions, and aftermath of the riots reveal a struggle for control between the people and state. The riots were about more than looting and violence, essentially they became a dispute over the streets - territory which belongs to no man.

The Sea Shepherds are a grey area phenomenon. Operating on the high seas their direct action challenges states on the international stage, an arena traditionally off-limits for non-state actors. This podcast looks at the Sea Shepherds through the lens of their iconic anti-whaling campaigns against Japanese whalers, hoping to make sense of their unique form of international disorder.

On the 14th August, 1969, British soldiers took to the streets of Northern Ireland to de-escalate ongoing tensions between Catholics and Protestants. With their arrival came a new glimmer of hope. However, this sentiment did not last long. This podcast explores how the British state wrestled carelessly and negligently with the predicament of how to combat a violent and resilient campaign of domestic insurgency. In doing so, it seeks to demonstrate the vast extent to which the British State intensified, rather than de-escalated, violence and division. A very special thanks to Professor Niall Ó Dochartaigh from the National University of Ireland Galway for his contributions to this podcast.

In 1965, Indonesia underwent a seismic period of societal upheaval following a genocide which culled the population by more than 500,000. Freemen roamed freely as gangsters, enlisted by the government to commit incomprehensibly horrific crimes, to murder without repercussion on an industrial scale. Without a doubt, such banal crimes cast a bleak comment on the whole of society. How can openly acknowledged crimes go unpunished, and a regime of impunity prevail, placing the actors in positions of privilege, benefit and veneration? How can punishment for such grave crimes, and by extension feelings of guilt, culpability and responsibility, be evaded? These are the harsh questions this podcast explores, particularly through the lens of Joshua Oppenheimer's ‘The Act of Killing' and with an analysis into the human psyche. Having explored such morbidity, what does this hold for the future? What sort of message is portrayed about the world as a whole?

The lawyer's movement of 2007 in Pakistan managed to revive a judiciary whose independence had been quashed by the military dictator General Pervez Musharraf and it fought to restore democracy in a country plagued by martial law for nearly a decade. But soon after it achieved its two main goals, the movement turned on its head becoming the source of unprecedented levels of unchecked power for the judiciary who now used this power to threaten a newly restored democratic government. So how did this great reversal come to be? This podcast traces the chronology of events that led to the movement itself and the events that led to its unravelling. SPECIAL THANKS TO Dr Illan Wall Reader, School of Law, University of Warwick for his support throughout the production process. Dr Hassan Javid Associate Professor, Lahore University of Management Sciences, and Dr Qalandar Memon Assistant Professor, Forman Christian College Lahore for participating as an interviewee and reflecting on his experiences and invaluable information regarding movement of 2007. More info on ordersindecay.com

This podcast explores the work of Black Panther Women in the 1970s and 80s. To showcase how they organised to liberate the Black community from social, economic and political state oppression. Whilst placing women gendered related issues on the Black Power agenda. The episode analyses the distorted public image of these revolutionary women. Revealing how they managed to produce new models of black womanhood during the Black Power era, using art and methods of resistance. Special thanks to: Dr. Mary Phillips: Assistant Professor of African American Studies, Lehman College, City University of New York. With interests in Black Power Studies, Black Feminism. For her contribution, breadth of knowledge and enthusiasm. Dr. Ashley D. Farmer, Assistant Professor in the Departments of History and African Diaspora Studies at the University of Texas at Austin. Historian of black women's history. For her participation, invaluable experience and beautiful modern insight. Dr Illan Wall, Associate Professor at the School of Law, Warwick University: For his extensive support, resources and attention throughout the construction of this podcast.

This podcast explores the hyper-normalisation of inequality and injustice through the racial infrastructure established in the US after the abolishment of Slavery. We see the death of Emmett Till, and the extraordinary actions of his mother (Mamie) as a shattering of this hyper-normalisation. With Professor George Lewis and Professor Lydia Plath, we explore how Mamie Till used the physicality of Emmett's mutilated body to breach the hyper-normalisation of the racial infrastructure.

On November 24th 2016, a Peace Deal was signed between the FARC and the Colombian State. The agreement sought to disarm combatants and reintegrate ex-guerilla soldiers back into society. But up to 40% of these soldiers were women. The podcast explores the gendered nature of reintegration, examining how traditional gender norms broken or re-inscribed in conflict and transitional justice processes.

On 18th November 2019, in the city of Valparaíso, the women of Chile used their voices and dancing bodies to speak the truth of their fate. The Chilean anti-rape anthem, ‘Un Violador En Tu Camino’/ ‘A Rapist in Your Path’, sought to speak for the women whose voices have been silenced by violence. In this podcast, Olivia Stanek explores how a variety of factors such as deeply-embedded cultural values, low conviction rates for femicide, female sexual abuse, and presidential responses have contributed to the creation of the performance by Chilean theatre collective, Lastesis. These elements connected to ignite the anthem’s spread across all continents and for women to come to a collective effort to fight against this brutality. Content warning: descriptions of graphic violence

In 2012 a horrific gang rape in Delhi lead silenced women all over the country to raise their voices against cultural oppression and gender-based violence. Massive protests spread across the country, demanding justice, protections against sexual violence and igniting a new wave of feminism in India. The protests challenged the cultural stigmatisation of rape, perceptions of male dominance and patriarchal social power structures. The podcast explores the effects of these protests on Indian feminism.

The Black Protests took to the streets of Poland in October 2016, challenging a new legislative initiative to ‘Stop Abortion’. The podcast explores the movement, unraveling the 'style' of the strike by decoding its symbols. Coat hangers and umbrellas were the material culture of the strike. But by changing registers, these objects became symbols and icons of injustice and activism.

The River Cauca in Colombia has become a graveyard. Until recently, the bodies of unnamed victims of the armed conflict were thrown in the river. Now, Colombia is trying to recover from the violence of the last decades. New economic projects are being set up, but not everyone is benefitting from them. This podcast looks at the significance of bodies and memory, the particular role of the River Cauca, and the efforts of Ríos Vivos to reclaim it.

One doesn't have to look very far to understand the complexities that disorders encapsulate; simply point to one moment of unrest and a map opens up that lays bear the reasons and intersecting factors that lead up to its eruption and to its end. 'Anatomy of a Coup' seeks to navigate this map, dissect its twists and turns and, understand why any of these events could happened - all in the uniquely complicated situation of the 1977 protests in Pakistan.

In an era of virulent and sensational news, stories surrounding the plight of white South African farmers and how their land is being forcibly taken from them – through the process of land expropriation without compensation – have been emerging. Some argue that these land grabs, enacted by the government, aim to drive South Africa’s white population out of the country. This podcast seeks to address the question of land reform in South Africa, examining expropriation without compensation. In this it hopes to explain what South Africa’s land reform is one of the favorite talking points of far-right groups.

A giant Miss America puppet, a trash can, a very peculiar sheep and around 400 women were enough to make history on September 7, 1968. On this day, theatre and rebellion converged to bring forth one of the most memorable protests of American feminism. This podcast explores, with the help of three excellent professors, the events that occurred during the famous Miss America pageant protest. We analyse the singular techniques used in the protest and unveil the hidden symbolisms behind them. We explain its origins as well as its impact, and explore some of the controversies around it, triggered primarily, as we’ll see, by a very unsympathetic press.

Lebanon today is a haunted house: it stands, haunted by the ghosts of a civil war it has yet to recover from and a constitution that discriminates against its own people based on their religious sect. In this podcast, we go on a journey from the Holiday Inn in Beirut, to the little village of Kfarnabrakh, in an attempt to unravel the causes of the war and exorcise the demons that haunt the streets of Lebanon today. The question I ask is ‘Where do we go from here?’ I don’t have a great answer, but I will say one thing: Beware the chameleon.

In January 2019, Zimbabwe's busiest cities were rocked by turbulent demonstrations and clashes between protestors and police. The images and messages of resistance in the streets were projected to the world through the Internet and social media—until the ZANU–PF Government initiated a full Internet shutdown. Zimbabwe is not alone in this experience; Internet shutdowns are a phenomenon on the rise around the world. This investigation of Zimbabwe’s shutdown explores classic theories of the crowd and delves into the concept of resonance to answer the central question: why do Governments shut down the Internet when faced with civil unrest?

Malaysia’s first national election of 1969 was a momentous one, ending with the greatest record of political violence and death in its history. 60 years later, the events transpiring May 13 still haunt its citizens and the memory of which has been used to justify radical legal, economical and socio-political changes. This podcast digs deep into the sticky entanglement of race, identity and politics that have become pillars and banes of Malaysia’s history and contemporary culture.

The podcast will explore the tragi-comedic elements of the 1991 Soviet Coup that unfolded between the 19th and the 22nd August 1991 – an event that drastically changed the course of world history and ultimately led to the fall of the Soviet Union. Professor Mark Kramer of Harvard University and Dr Daphne Skillen give details of the events leading up to the Coup, why the attempt to preserve the Communist rule failed and whether it could have ever been a success. It was a tragic fight for those who resisted the regime and a cartoonist loss for those who tried to preserve it.

The Brixton Riots of 1981 were a conflict between the Brixton community and the Metropolitan Police Force. This podcast explores how a variety of factors such as institutionalised racism which resulted in the marginalisation of the black community, racial tensions between the police and black community and crowd psychology led to the disorder. All of these elements connected and ultimately, served as a catalyst which sparked the Brixton riots of 1981.

Athens has a long history of escalating tension between protesting crowds and police forces, but nowhere more so than the district of Exarcheia. From the Polytechnic Uprising of 1973 to the anti-Prespa Agreement protest in January of 2019, the area of Exarcheia has notoriously been at the epicentre of the historic vendetta between discontented citizens and state apparatuses. No event in Greece’s recent history has established this district as a law-defying enclave than the outbreak of riots in 2008, following the death of the young Alexis Grigoropoulos at the hands of a police officer. His death was the catalyst lighting a fire out of the brewing anger and desperation amongst the people of Greece, which was fuelled by violent suppression and lasted for nearly a month. This podcast tells the turbulent story of Exarcheia, from then until now.

At the turn of the 21st century, decades of political turmoil, economic instability and neoliberal development policy in Bolivia resulted in a battle that pitted corporate interests against the basic needs of everyday life. In one corner, a corporate behemoth backed by titans of the international economic system and by the government whose citizens it sought to extort; in the other, the citizens of Cochabamba, Bolivia - unbowed by the power of their opponents. This podcast will narrate the events which culminated in the Cochabamba Water War and evaluate why the citizens of Cochabamba were so successful in their expression of constituent power.

Students have always taken to the streets; from as early as the Middle Ages, students have exercised their political voices. But the student protests of the 20thcentury were beyond movements that were at one time fleeting, and fragmented. This podcast takes the listener back to France 1968 and South Korea 1980, and explains how two seemingly disconnected protests, which ended in bloody battles and military suppression, are examples of a worldwide social phenomenon unique to the 20th century. Producer: Erika Grimshaw

Producer: Winnie Orbih

Producer: Segun Awolowo

Producer: Suvi Jokinen

Producer: Riya Bains

Producer: Renée Liew

Producer: Annabelle Lymberry (2018)

Producer: Shamilka Hewagama