The Baton: A John Williams Musical Journey

The fifth Indiana Jones movie brought 79-year-old Harrison Ford back into the old fedora for another adventure involving a precious artifact that could spell doom if put into the wrong hands. Along for the ride was 91-year-old John Williams, who completed his 43-year association with Indy with a score that features callbacks to moments from previous Indiana Jones films and a lack of a major theme that had the potential to make the score a major standout. Host Jeff Commings details some of the highlights of the score on this latest episode of The Baton: A John Williams Musical Journey.

Looking for something to pass the time as you wait for episode 113 of The Baton? Since the next John Williams film score won't be released until summer 2023, there won't be a new episode of The Baton until then. But host Jeff Commings has another podcast that can help you fill the time with more Hollywood history. This show, called The Best Song Podcast, is perfect for fans of Hollywood history, of music history, of movie songs, and movies in general. You'll go on a 92-episode journey through 90 years of the Academy Award for Best Original Song, featuring all the songs nominated for the big award from 1934 to 2023. Chances are you'll find a new favorite movie song, or learn a bit more about one that is already near to your heart! The show is available on all podcast platforms, and new episodes are released every Monday. Enjoy the show!

Host Jeff Commings is back on The Baton to discuss what might be the final film collaboration between director Steven Spielberg and composer John Williams. The Fabelmans is Spielberg's semiautobiographical film about his family and the beginnings of his career as a filmmaker. Though the film is 200 minutes long, there is only about 30 minutes of original music from John Williams in it. Commings details a couple of the highlight musical cues, including a now-iconic dance scene with Michelle Williams, and what Williams had been doing in the two years since finishing work on The Rise of Skywalker..

This is the final episode of "The Baton: A John Williams Musical Journey," and host Jeff Commings has invited one of the premier analysts of John Williams' music to talk about his extensive catalog for the "Star Wars" and Indiana Jones films. Frank Lehman discusses the genesis of the idea to examine all of the thematic material in both film series, and breaks down two of his favorite themes from the "Star Wars" franchise. It's a fantastic discussion that closes out this extensive podcast series with an over-reaching look at the Maestro's career.

After a mind-boggling span of 42 years, John Williams closed out his involvement with the "Star Wars" film series with the score for "The Rise of Skywalker." Host Jeff Commings and cohost Paulius Eidukas talk about the missteps in director J.J. Abrams' choices visually and musically. The two talk about the four new themes that flow through the score, all four notable because they connect more to a group of people and an idea instead of one person. With the help of Eidukas on the piano, we understand how the new themes connect to previous melodies, and how the finale gave them a "shivers-up-the-spine" feeling with the music. As of this posting, "The Rise of Skywalker" is the final film in the John Williams canon after 60 years of writing the score for 109 films. It is fitting that "The Rise of Skywalker" is the final film in John Williams' career, if the Maestro has indeed retired from film scores.

In what might be their final film collaboration, Steven Spielberg and John Williams worked together to give us a score for "The Post" that doesn't go full bore with the orchestra, using instead the emotion of electronic pulses and Americana touches to convey the tension of publishing the Pentagon Papers in The Washington Post. Host Jeff Commings and co-host Paul Wright discuss the way Williams perfectly matches "the intended emotional contexts of a scene with music," resulting in an emotion from the viewer that is almost purposeful. Though we could presume that "The Post" is the final John Williams score for a Steven Spielberg film, the Maestro started a new collaboration in 2017 with violinist Anne-Sophie Mutter, writing a concerto for her that was a long time coming.

Rian Johnson took over for J.J. Abrams as director of the second film in the "Star Wars" sequel trilogy, titled "The Last Jedi." Johnson changed the tone and direction of the sequel dramatically, and composer John Williams went along for the ride with a couple of new themes for two new characters whose music only appears in this film, for different reasons. Host Jeff Commings is joined again by Paulius Eidukas for an examination of the use of pre-existing music -- including Leia's theme in the controversial "Leia in Space" scene -- and how certain compositional techniques made Williams' Oscar-nominated score feel bold and a little daring.

Trombone player and music teacher Paul Wright makes his debut appearance on "The Baton" to defend the Steven Spielberg film "The BFG" and discusses with host Jeff Commings the intricate compositional technique John Williams used for this score. From creating virtuosic flute writing to reaching back to past themes to give us a buffoonish motif for the villains, the co-hosts have a blast dissecting this "blip" on John Williams' filmography, a underrated score that has many gems that you will discover in this episode.

When the news broke that Disney would be producing a new trilogy of "Star Wars" films taking place after the events of "Return of the Jedi," the logical choice was to have John Williams return to continue his expansive space opera composition. And he returned with some new themes for "The Force Awakens" that featured a complex motif for the female hero and a theme for the villain that, not surprisingly, had a connection to Vader's theme. Host Jeff Commings is joined by Paulius Eidukas for an examination of Williams' compositional techniques for the new film, and why some music might have a connection to the Harry Potter scores.

Host Jeff Commings and co-host David Kay discuss the quiet yet personal score for "The Book Thief" in this episode. John Williams lobbied hard to be the composer for this film after reading the book and the script, and Kay believes Williams found a personal and intimate connection to the story at 81 years old. In addition to discussing the themes Williams wrote for Death and the heroine Liesel, the two chat with director Brian Percival about collaborating with John Williams. Percival relives the moment he sat in John Williams' home listening to the Maestro play themes from the score on his piano, and sitting in the middle of the recording studio as Williams conducted the studio orchestra. This is our first opportunity to hear firsthand about the director-composer relationship in this podcast, and we hope you enjoy the episode!

John Williams only worked on one film score when he turned 80 years old, collaborating once again with Steven Spielberg for "Lincoln." The film marked the 40th year of Spielberg and Williams working together, and it required Spielberg to exercise a lot of restraint in a dialogue-heavy film. Williams also shows some restraint in writing music for the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, providing a noble but slightly fragile theme for the president. Host Jeff Commings also looks into the research Williams did to write music that harkened back to the 1860s, including a main theme for the film that feels like it is adapted from a pre-existing Negro spiritual.

John Williams had the opportunity to return to the English style of music he loves so much, drawing on the influences of Ralph Vaughan Williams for his score to Steven Spielberg's film "War Horse." Host Jeff Commings is joined by composer Victor Josse for this look into the stunning setpieces of the film and the music that accompanies them. That includes the moving prologue, the emotional plowing scene and the heartbreaking dash through No Man's Land. 

Though John Williams didn't have a film score released in 2009 or 2010, he was working hard during that time on his next project, an animated film adaptation of the popular Tintin character, called "The Adventures of Tintin." Host Jeff Commings talks about why Williams was allowed nearly two years to write the score, as well as the other pieces of music he wrote in that timeframe. Co-host Felix Moller helps to discuss the musical themes in the film, including the ways Tintin's theme is linked to Indiana Jones' theme. But that's just one way these two movie heroes are linked, so settle in for a great analysis of this fun score!

John Williams' 100th film brought him back into the world of Indiana Jones, this time writing music for our fedora-wearing adventurer's quest to find a mythical skull that has strange powers. Joining host Jeff Commings on this episode to discuss the highs and lows of the film and score is Brian Martell, marking his fourth appearance on "The Baton." The two discuss Shia Labeouf's miscasting, Cate Blanchett's spot-on acting and the various callbacks to previous Indiana Jones scores that melded with new thematic material. It's going to be a 95-minute ride that could change your thoughts about the film!

Break out the confetti and party hats! The 100th episode of The Baton is here! And on this episode, host Jeff Commings talks about John Williams' haunting score for Steven Spielberg's "Munich," the story of revenge after the 1972 deaths of 11 Israelis at the Munich Olympics. John Williams gives us four themes that provide the mold for the score, a radical departure from his work on Spielberg's "War of the Worlds" earlier in the year. From a gut-wrenching vocal by Lisbeth Scott for the Israeli hostages to a main theme that is transformed into what Commings believes is the best strings-only composition by John Williams, there is much to admire in this episode.

John Williams wanted to be the composer for the film version of the novel "Memoirs of a Geisha" long before a script was written or a budget finalized. He realized the opportunity to infuse Japanese flavors into a Westernized score, and he enlisted the help of previous collaborators Yo-Yo Ma and Itzhak Perlman to play on the cello and violin, respectively. Host Jeff Commings talks about the themes in the score, and examines the scenes in which three Japanese instruments are highlighted throughout the film. Though the movie did not gain a Best Picture Oscar nomination as hoped, the film did garner some praise for Williams' score, and he was celebrated during awards season. Put on your best kimono and join us for this exciting episode!

Steven Spielberg had long wanted to do an alien invasion movie featuring very bad visitors to Earth, and he finally checked that off his list with "War of the Worlds." In telling the story, John Williams went into full horror mode, employing some of the tactics used previously by such classical composers as Igor Stravinsky, especially in the first alien attack that turned out to be one of the most violent nonfiction moments Spielberg has put on film. Host Jeff Commings is joined by composer/conductor Eduardo Victoria as the two detail the high points of the score and how the music really has similarities to Williams' previous work, including Jaws and Superman. 

Host Jeff Commings starts this episode of "The Baton" with a not-so-great opinion about John Williams' score to "Revenge of the Sith," the final film in the "Star Wars" prequel trilogy. Can co-host Andrew Ledford change our host's mind about the score as they discuss the use of the Emperor's theme, the Force theme and the music for all the lightsaber battles? It's going to be a tough sell, but by the end of the episode, it's likely that hearts and minds will be changed about this film ... except for Hayden Christensen's acting, of course.

Though the movie and score for "The Terminal" might seem like a blip on the radar, neither Steven Spielberg nor John Williams approached this film any less seriously than their major successes. The story marks Tom Hanks' third film with Spielberg, as an Eastern European man stuck in the JFK airport for nine months. Williams supplies a wonderfully light theme for Viktor, as well as a lyrical love theme that host Jeff Commings believes could have been turned into a beautiful love song by Alan and Marilyn Bergman. Grab a plate of cannelloni and join us for this exploration of an often-forgotten Williams score.

Many John Williams fans sneered at the music for "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban," mostly because the Maestro chose to almost completely scrap the musical ideas he created for the first two films in favor of darker themes and tonalities in Alfonso Cuaron's take on the franchise. Host Jeff Commings is joined by Paulius Eidukas as the two talk about some of the new themes that make up the score and how some of the compositional techniques made Sirius Black and Peter Pettigrew musically intertwined with each other. Both praise Williams' work for the film and lament there wasn't another opportunity for Williams and Cuaron to collaborate after this project. 

John Williams capped off a marathon year of writing film scores with his Oscar-nominated composition for Steven Spielberg's dramedy "Catch Me If You Can." The score gave Williams the opportunity to return to his jazz roots, writing music that reflected the 1960s setting of the film. Many of the music cues feature saxophone solos by Dan Higgins, who joins host Jeff Commings to talk about his musical background and why playing the music in the score fit perfectly into his performance style.

The demanding work schedule John Williams faced in 2002 meant he had to make a tough choice for his score to "Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets." He asked composer/orchestrator William Ross to help out by adapting much of the music from the first film for use in the sequel, while fitting the new music Williams wrote into certain places. This allowed Williams to work on Steven Spielberg's second film of the year, but it meant trusting that Ross would do a good job with his music. Host Jeff Commings details the specifics regarding Ross' responsibilities, as well as Williams' new thematic material and how it is presented in the film. Brush up on your parseltongue and enjoy this latest episode!

John Williams didn't have a lot of time to think about the score for Steven Spielberg's futuristic science fiction thriller "Minority Report," going right into the project almost immediately after finishing work on "Attack of the Clones." Spielberg and Williams agreed on a score that put more emphasis on tone rather than melody, something that was quite new for a Spielberg/Williams collaboration. But, the film manages to create some compelling themes and interesting action cues, with the flute section getting a lot of play during some masculine and powerful fight scenes. Host Jeff Commings breaks down the various themes and finds an interesting comparison to the music in one scene to music used in a groundbreaking comedy 10 years earlier.

The 2002 film "Attack of the Clones" not only challenged John Williams with continuing the musical portrait he started with "The Phantom Menace" and closing the gap with the original "Star Wars" trilogy, but also trying to write a compelling score before he had to dash off to write music for "Minority Report." In the end, Williams was unable to finish his score, using music from "The Phantom Menace" to cover the climactic battle scene that was still being created in the visual effects department. Host Jeff Commings details the two new themes that were created for the film, which includes debunking George Lucas' statement that the love theme for Anakin and Padme is the first love theme for the "Star Wars" series. There are standout musical moments for action scenes, including a fight in the rain and a chase through a city that includes the first use of electric guitar in the galaxy far, far away.

The 90th episode of "The Baton" highlights the return to the melodic theme composition styles that made John Williams famous in the 1970s and 1980s. With "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone," Williams creates no less than seven new themes for the main characters and the title stone that causes so much trouble. Host Jeff Commings details all seven themes and their appearances in the score, including the fun Quidditch match and the thrilling chess game. There's also a look at the final piece of music Williams wrote in 2001, a rousing theme for the 2002 Winter Olympics to be held in Salt Lake City, Utah.

John Williams' score to "AI Artificial Intelligence" has a cold and detached feeling for most of the film, mostly using synthesizers to depict the life of a robot boy who wants to become human. But, some of the best moments in the score come when Williams unleashes the organic strength of the orchestra, in scenes such as David's abandonment in the woods or the arrival to Manhattan. But, one of the standout moments comes during  a nighttime chase through the forest, when Williams' son Joseph provides a heavy metal-style jam that perfectly encapsulates the feel of the scene. Host Jeff Commings details all of this music and more, including the piano-driven finale that had him -- and plenty of others -- weeping through the end credits.

For the final time in his career, John Williams stepped in as replacement composer, this time for the Revolutionary War action film "The Patriot," starring Mel Gibson in a role very similar to the one he played in "Braveheart" five years earlier. Though the film is largely fictional, the war setting provided John Williams with some great opportunities to write music for instruments of the time. But, the focus in the action scenes relied on some incredibly difficult writing for brass instruments. Host Jeff Commings analyzes some of those cues with the fun brass runs, as well as the three themes written for the film. The episode concludes with a brief listen to a special concerto Williams wrote for the Boston Symphony Orchestra and its lead violinist that would be another highlight for Williams in 2000.

Though two composers had won Oscars for their scores on previous Alan Parker films, the director didn't reach out to them to write music for his first straight nonmusical drama in almost 10 years. Neither Giorgio Moroder or Michael Gore would have fit the mold for the music needed for "Angela's Ashes," based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning memoir by Frank McCourt. John Williams had read the book and agreed to do the score, opting to forgo any of the typical Irish instruments that he employed seven years earlier for "Far and Away." Host Jeff Commings examines the score's universal appeal through its two themes played on piano and strings, as well as some cues that were not used in the final film version. As this film was unspooling in theaters in late 1999, Williams was ready to conduct a six-part composition for a short film by Steven Spielberg about the American experience. Enjoy a portion of that composition on this episode as well as we move ahead to the new millennium!

Fans were going crazy in anticipation of the return to the Star Wars galaxy with the release of "The Phantom Menace" in theaters. How would John Williams' score reflect that we are getting a lot of new characters while also keeping us musically grounded in the familiar? Though Williams used the main theme in the opening crawl, he decided to create a lot of new thematic material, including a bold choral piece called "Duel of the Fates" that has gained a life outside the film. Its constant play on MTV in the weeks leading up to the film's debut certainly helped that. Host Jeff Commings is joined by fellow Star Wars fan Siddique Hussain for a discussion of the score, and Commings talks with Maxine Kwok, a violinist with the London Symphony Orchestra whose first major gig with the LSO was performing on this score. Kwok, a major Star Wars fan, talks about her first meeting with John Williams, reading the new music and playing it within a matter of seconds and performing that ostinato that runs through "Duel of the Fates."

The story of John Williams' hiring to write the score for "Stepmom" has been the cause of rumor and hearsay for more than two decades, since the involved parties have never spoken publicly about how Williams came to replace Patrick Doyle as composer after Doyle supposedly turned in a complete score. Host Jeff Commings details the many rumors that have circulated in 22 years, and provides some exclusive insight into the timeline covering Williams' involvement to help clear up any misunderstanding. When listening to the score, the music is very light on thematic material and features solo guitar performances by Christopher Parkening in his only performance on a film score.

Just about everyone involved in the production of the World War II epic "Saving Private Ryan" was tasked with pushing the envelope in terms of what could be seen and heard onscreen -- except composer John Williams. Director Steven Spielberg and Williams made the wise decision to keep music out of the key battle scenes, and even other key scenes that would have normally used music, to keep us immersed in this tale of a group of soldiers sent to retrieve the last surviving Ryan brother. Host Jeff Commings is joined by Richard Fish for this episode, and Fish talks about his connection to the "Hymn to the Fallen" piece Williams wrote for the film. The two also discuss the use of thematic material in the film, which might be tough to discern as the tone of the score is often very low-key and subdued.

With the beautiful mezzo soprano voice of Pamela Dillard and the stately trumpet playing of Tim Morrison in his arsenal, John Williams delivered a score for "Amistad" that feels like the Maestro wrote two different scores for one film. One part of the score features tribal African percussion rhythms accentuated by Dillard vocalizing the main theme, while the other features an Americana flavor for the theme for President John Quincy Adams. But, in the context of the film, the two sides of the same score work wonderfully. Jeff Commings is joined for the third time on "The Baton" by Brian Martell as the two discuss the scenes that feature some moving and memorable music, and highlight the song that Williams wrote called "Dry Your Tears, Afrika," based on a 1967 poem that perfectly fits the scenes for which they were written.

Brad Pitt took on another foreign accent for his 1997 true-life drama "Seven Years in Tibet," telling the story of an Austrian mountain climber captured during World War II who takes refuge in Tibet and befriends a young Dalai Lama. Pitt's accent wasn't the only misfire of the film. Director Jean-Jacques Annaud butchered John Williams' score, taking many of the cues featuring famous cellist Yo-Yo Ma out of the film in favor of pre-existing Tibetan music and some of the more unaffecting portions of Williams' score. What we get is a score that is better appreciated on the soundtrack release, as it features plenty of Ma's fantastic cello performances. Host Jeff Commings tries to find some standout moments in the score that are used in the film, but there are not many from which to choose.

The second half of 1997 felt like 1993 all over again, as Steven Spielberg and John Williams were working together on another dinosaur movie and another historical drama. First up was the sequel "The Lost World: Jurassic Park," in which Spielberg advised Williams to take the score in an entirely different direction from the wildly popular original 1993 film. And Williams obliged with his most prevalent use of percussion since 1972's Images. He also goes in a different direction for the main theme, going for uneasiness and fear instead of majesty and wonder. Jeff Commings is joined by co-host Alex Hoffman as the two dissect the construction of the main theme, the difficult composition for the hunting scene and the replaced music for the helicopter rescue. There's also a discussion of Williams' homage to the great Max Steiner in the big finale when the T. Rex unleashes its fury on San Diego. Watch out for the compies as we go once again to the worldof dinosaurs!

When jazz composer and renowned trumpet player Wynton Marsalis was unable to write a score for "Rosewood" that suited director John Singleton, John Williams was brought in to compose music that would fit the mood of the film. And he created one of his most underrated scores for the true story of an all-black town burned to ashes during a riot started by a neighboring all-white town. Williams wrote three gospel songs for the film, his first time tackling songwriting on his own. Host Jeff Commings examines these three tunes, as well as the thematic music that portrayed the dignity of Ving Rhames' main character, the sweetness of his love interest and the horrors inflicted on the town by the white people. It's a score that deserves all the attention we can give it on this episode.

John Williams collaborated just once with Oscar-winning director Barry Levinson, writing a different score for "Sleepers" than he had composed in just about any of his 77 previous films. The music for the tale of four boys whose prank goes horribly wrong has a very modern and slick feel, relying more on synthesizers than he had recently. Host Jeff Commings talks about his surprise at learning Williams was involved with the film and how the famous Dies Irae melody might have found its way into the score.

The 1995 film "Nixon" was the third and final collaboration between director Oliver Stone and composer John Williams. The film presents a fractured story of Nixon's rise from humble beginnings in California to the presidency. That uneven presentation likely hampered Williams' ability to paint -- musically speaking -- on the canvas Stone presented him. The film features strong themes, from the main theme on Tim Morrison's trumpet to the mournful family theme on strings. Host Jeff Commings doesn't shy away from talking about the obvious connection one of the themes has with "The Imperial March" and how it symbolizes Nixon's strength at his highest points politically. Some of the best musical moments were not used in the film, including music for Nixon's misdeeds and for his older brother's death, and those are presented to let you figure if they deserved to be featured in the film.

We've approached a new chapter in John Williams' career: the post-Golden Age era when the films he chose were not always of superior quality but still gave him the chance to write mostly memorable music. Host Jeff Commings is joined for the third time by Gianmaria Caschetto to discuss the breezy score to "Sabrina" that gave Williams the opportunity to reach back into his jazz roots, as well as his romantic comedy score past from the 1960s. He collaborated with lyricists Alan and Marilyn Bergman for two original songs for the film, one of which was nominated for an Academy Award and bears a resemblance to a previous song the three wrote together. Caschetto provides some insight into Williams' composition of Sabrina's theme and the foreboding undertones playing underneath the piano. And it's none other than the Maestro himself tickling the ivories for part of the score, offering us the opportunity to marvel at Williams' mastery at the piano.

Host Jeff Commings presents his longest solo episode to date, discussing the Oscar-winning score to the 1993 drama "Schindler's List." It's 13 minutes longer than the amount of original music Williams composed for the 192-minute film. In addition to discussing the often-told backstory of Williams' reluctance to accept the job, you'll learn about the three locations in which the score was recorded and why the Boston Symphony Orchestra was picked to play a portion of the score. You'll hear musical excerpts from many of the score's highlights, including the 12-minute cue that sets up the bulk of the film and the heartbreaking music for violinist Itzhak Perlman during the Auschwitz scenes. But the episode goes beyond discussion of "Schindler's List," stepping into 1994 during Williams' time off from film scoring as he created two concertos for celebrated musicians.

Host Jeff Commings counts the score to "Jurassic Park" as the gateway to becoming a John Williams fan, and he's joined by David Kay to talk about the aspects of the score that introduced a generation of people to Williams' music. They talk at length about the rousing fanfare that plays at the introduction to the island where the bulk of the action takes place, as well as the uncharacteristically gentle music that shows the dinosaurs for the first time. There is plenty of terror music for the dangerous raptors that consume half the humans on the island, and the two also ponder why Spielberg and/or Williams decided to change the music for a part of the finale.

It was a natural and easy decision for John Williams to agree to write the score to "Home Alone 2: Lost in New York" since the original film was so successful and garnered much praise for the Maestro's score. But, was his enthusiasm still there when he saw that the sequel was pretty much a rehash of the original in new locations? The answer seems to be a resounding yes. Though there are many musical moments directly lifted from the first film. Williams does his best to put in some new touches, though he doesn't create much a of a new sound as he did in previous sequel scores. Host Jeff Commings highlights some of the new material, including the new songs Williams and Leslie Bricusse wrote, and theorizes why the Pigeon Lady (played by Oscar winner Brenda Fricker) didn't get a theme.

John Williams had really hoped to take a break from film scoring in 1992. But when Ron Howard approached him about writing music for the tale of two Irish settlers in America, the Maestro could not say no. He realized his chance to write Irish music for a film about the Irish had finally arrived. That film is "Far and Away," starring Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman. Host Jeff Commings is joined by Colin Stokes as the two talk about the strengths of the score that elevate the clunky film and often mask Cruise's obvious overacting in terms of obtaining his accent. The music includes appearances by the popular Irish band The Chieftains, who provide a lush Irish flavor in several moments before Williams transitions to a more American flavor for the climactic land race sequence that closes out the film.

The story behind the creation of John Williams' score for Oliver Stone's "JFK" is just as compelling as the score itself, an eclectic mix of styles that included a percussion-heavy theme for those believed to be involved in the plot to assassinate John F. Kennedy. That theme was so influential that it was copied by many composers in the years that followed, including Williams. Join host Jeff Commings and co-host Brian Martell as they analyze the six themes written before filming began, and how well music editor Ken Wannberg was able to weave in the music to make it seem like the music was composed during postproduction.

The journey to bring "Hook" to the big screen was a long one -- 16 years, to be exact. It started out as a Steven Spielberg project in 1985, and was to be a retelling of the classic story … with Michael Jackson in the lead role! There was also a plan to make the story into a musical, an idea that stayed with Spielberg when he officially started work on it in 1990. John Williams brought on lyricist Leslie Bricusse to create eight songs for the film, and only two survived after the musical idea was scrapped. Williams kept some of the melodies from the discarded songs, including an airy theme for Peter's childhood and a fun march for the pirates. Host Jeff Commings and co-host Derek Scholl disagree on many of the merits of the film and score, but agree on some of the finer points, including the soaring orchestrations for Peter's first flight. Grab a seat for a Never-Feast of music!

John Williams planned to take a break from film scoring in the second half of 1990 to work on a concerto, but fate brought a screening of the comedy "Home Alone," and Williams could not resist the film about a boy who protects his house from burglars after his family accidentally takes off for Paris without him. The Maestro came to the project after Bruce Broughton had to step away due to scheduling conflicts, marking the second time in two years that Williams replaced Broughton on a film project. Williams writes two themes for the film that became Christmas-themed songs, one of the melodies being used for the film's action sequences before converting to a song about the star that guided visitors to the manger where Jesus was born. Host Jeff Commings counts the score as his fifth-favorite, noting that there isn't a false note in the music and it doesn't resort to overdoing it on the comedy aspect of the film. 

"Presumed Innocent" was a hot commodity in Hollywood, with several studios putting up big bucks for the film rights. Alan J. Pakula and Frank Pierson fashioned a decent film adaptation from a novel seemingly difficult to translate to the big screen, and Harrison Ford does well to shed his Indiana Jones image ... with the help of a new hairdo. For those who have not seen the film, it might be best to watch it before listening to this episode, as host Jeff Commings gives away several major plot points in discussion of John Williams' score. Williams uses the piano for two pieces of thematic material that serve to waft over the atmosphere instead of serving act as leitmotifs for any of the characters.

John Williams had three film scores released in 1990, and each one presented different musical styles that continued to showcase Williams' ability to write music for any genre. He composed the score for "Stanley & Iris," his final collaboration with director Martin Ritt, in early 1989 after finishing work on "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade." This score is almost the polar opposite of his work for Indiana Jones, presenting an often-innocent melody for Robert DeNiro's Stanley that has some musical connection to Luke's theme in "Star Wars" and a love theme that becomes the main thematic material for the score. Though the film was a box office failure, it gave Williams the opportunity to return to the subtle music he composed for Ritt in his pre-Golden Age days. Enjoy this examination of the score with host Jeff Commings, who wished Stanley's theme got more play and understands why Jane Fonda decided on a 15-year acting retirement after this film.

Steven Spielberg dipped into the romance genre with "Always," a remake of the 1943 Spencer Tracy film "A Man Named Joe." It seems like Spielberg rushed this film through post-production to get it into theaters before the Patrick Swayze film "Ghost," which featured many similar plot points. The seemingly rushed post-production likely affected John Williams, who wrote a score that is hard to grasp and features very few trademark Williams touches. Host Jeff Commings analyzes the love theme for the two main characters and how it is developed throughout the film from its use on keyboards to a more lush orchestration in the finale.

John Williams' fifth foray into the war film genre was "Born on the Fourth of July," featuring a somewhat restrained score shortly after his work on "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade." His score features two haunting themes, one for strings and another for the trumpet. Tim Morrison, the principal trumpet player for the Boston Pops at the time, made his film score debut with a gorgeous performance. Williams' score is one of many excellent aspects of this film, including Oliver Stone's direction and the career-defining performance by Tom Cruise.

In what was believed to be the last film in the Indiana Jones saga, John Williams put together a quieter action score than what he wrote for the previous two films. "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade" featured a new stately theme for the Holy Grail and a new action melody for Indy's heroics. But host Jeff Commings points to the 12-minute prologue featuring a younger Indiana Jones as the best scene in any Indy film, thanks to the multiple sync points that Williams successfully navigated with the orchestra. Learn more about this score, and the film that Williams had to turn down in order to work on the Indy music.

After director Lawrence Kasdan was unable to agree on a musical style with composer Bruce Broughton, John Williams stepped in to write a delicate score that many John Williams fans often forget is part of his filmography. Using a theme for the main character, a travel guide writer dealing with major grief, that starts out quietly on piano and builds to an incredible finale, co-hosts Jeff Commings and Maurizio Caschetto note that it is one of his best cues for a finale in his storied career. Join the two as they examine the score in detail, including the two versions of the opening credits music used in the film.