Convict Australia

Ralph Entwhistle, a convict with a life sentence, stripped off for a quick dip in the Macquarie River in 1829. This innocent act got him into a lot of trouble! Join me as I tell the story of how one little swim on a beautiful spring day led to a high-stakes battle in Bathurst, NSW. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1830 'Classified Advertising', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 12 October, p. 4. , viewed 24 May 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2196245 1830 'THE BUSHRANGERS AT BATHURST.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 21 October, p. 3. , viewed 03 Oct 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2196308 BATHURST. (1830, October 21). The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), p. 2. Retrieved October 8, 2022, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2196311 1830 'Supreme Court.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 11 November, p. 3. , viewed 01 Oct 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2196480 1830 'The Courier.', The Hobart Town Courier (Tas. : 1827 - 1839), 27 November, p. 2. , viewed 07 Oct 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4206106 1830 'The Bathurst Insurgents.', The Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), 3 December, p. 4. , viewed 08 Oct 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36866853 1930 'The RIBBON BOYS', The World's News (Sydney, NSW : 1901 - 1955), 13 August, p. 9. , viewed 08 Oct 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article136306522 1998, “Bushrangers at Abercrombie caves” Abercrombie Caves, by Barry Cubitt, viewed 3 October 2022, http://www.abercrombiecaves.com/bushrangers/ 2019, “The Bathurst Rebellion: Inside Australia's strangest convict uprising”, M. Adams, NewsComAu, viewed 30 May 2022, https://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/real-life/true-stories/the-bathurst-rebellion-inside-australias-biggest-convict-uprising/news-story/eaa006a6530a1b66ae128af86ddf7753 THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed. Music by Ahjay Stelino

In 1834, ten convicts seized the Frederick and made their daring escape from the penal settlement on Sarah Island in Tasmania to the Port of Valdivia in Chile. The journey took about 7 weeks. They travelled 6 thousand nautical miles with a skeletal mostly inexperienced crew using a leaky boat. This is their incredible story. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1834 'ANOTHER GOVERNMENT VESSEL TAKEN BY HER GOVERNMENT CREW! ANOTHER SPECIMEN OF COLONEL ARTHUR'S PRISON DISCIPLINE.', The Colonist and Van Diemen's Land Commercial and Agricultural Advertiser (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1832 - 1834), 11 February, p. 2. , viewed 11 Sep 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201158097 1834 'THE CONVICT SYSTEM. DARING ACT OF PIRACY.', The Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), 6 March, p. 2. , viewed 10 Sep 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12848817 1837 'SUPREME COURT.—CRIMINAL SITTINGS.', Colonial Times (Hobart, Tas. : 1828 - 1857), 2 May, p. 5. , viewed 16 Sep 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8650013 2018, ‘The Ship That Never Was.', by A. Courtenay, Harper Collins Publishers Australia Pty Limited THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed. Music by Ahjay Stelino

When word reached England that the colony of NSW was in dire need of food King George III immediately dispatched HMS Guardian to come to their rescue. The Guardian was packed with everything the First Fleeters desperately needed, but along the way, the 140ft ship ran into trouble. Join me as I describe its harrowing journey. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1790, ‘Fortunate Escape of the Guardian Man of War, In her Voyage to Botany-Bay', The Derby Mercury, Thursday, 29 April 1790, viewed 3 January 2022, www.newspapers.com/image/394415900 1790, ‘The Guardian', The Public Advertiser, London, Friday, 30 April 1790, viewed 3 January 2022, www.newspapers.com/image/34415081 1790, ‘Guardian', The Public Advertiser, London, Saturday, 1 May 1790, viewed 3 January 2022, www.newspapers.com/image/34415103 1790, Jacksons Oxford Journal, Saturday, 1 May 1790, viewed 3 January 2022, www.newspapers.com/image/396531048 1790, Ipswich Journal (Ipswich, Suffolk, England), Saturday, 1 May 1790, viewed 3 January 2022 www.newspapers.com/image/396394146 & www.newspapers.com/image/396394185 1790, ‘The Guardian', The Public Advertiser (London, Greater London, England), Friday, 30 April 1790, viewed 3 January 2022, www.newspapers.com/image/34415081 1808, ‘Melancholy Disaster of His Majesty's Ship The Guardian, Bound to Botany Bay with Stores and Convicts', by Lieut. Riou, Commander, London. 2010 ‘1788: The brutal truth of the First Fleet.', by David Hill, Random House Australia, North Sydney. THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed. Music by Ahjay Stelino

In 1828, 14,000 pounds was stolen from the Bank of Australia – that's about 20 million dollars by today's standards AND most of the money has never been found! Join me as I retell this incredible story of a group of convicts who tunnelled their way into the bank and pulled off such a huge heist. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych SOURCES 1828 'Classified Advertising', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 17 September, p. 1. , viewed 15 Jul 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2191066 1828 'EXTENSIVE ROBBERY AT THE BANK OF AUSTRALIA.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 17 September, p. 2. , viewed 15 Jul 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2191067 1828 '(Domestic Intelligence continued.)', The Sydney Monitor (NSW : 1828 - 1838), 20 September, p. 4. (AFTERNOON), viewed 16 Jul 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article31760702 1828 'Classified Advertising', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 22 September, p. 1. , viewed 16 Jul 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2191083 1828 'Classified Advertising', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 24 September, p. 3. , viewed 16 Jul 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2191099 1828 'Advertising', The Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), 24 September, p. 2. , viewed 16 Jul 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36865088 1828 'No title', The Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), 26 September, p. 2. , viewed 16 Jul 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36867843 1831 'Supreme Court.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 14 June, p. 3. , viewed 25 Jul 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2201024 1833 'Government Gazette Notices', New South Wales Government Gazette (Sydney, NSW : 1832 - 1900), 7 August, p. 302. , viewed 27 Jul 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article230390571 2017 ‘Robbing the Bank: Australia's First Bank Robbery', Radford, Neil, Dictionary of Sydney, http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/robbing_the_bank_australias_first_bank_robbery, viewed 09 Aug 2022 2008, ‘Breaking the Bank, an extraordinary colonial robbery', Baxter, Carol, Allen & Unwin Music by Ahjay Stelino

Historian Solomon Stanton shares his research on his ancestor John Matthew Richardson. John was a convict who was sentenced to 7 years transportation and had an incredible life as a gardener and botanical collector for the colony. Solomon describes some of the highlights of John's life which include his time working in the Sydney Botanic Gardens, his stint on Melville Island, various expeditions both in and out of Australia, and the discovery of new plants. Two plants were named after John - the Hibiscus Richardsonii and Alyxia Richardsonii. FURTHER READING 'Richardson, John Matthew (1797–1882)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/richardson-john-matthew-2588/text3549, published first in hardcopy 1967. 'Richardson, John Matthew (c.1797–1882)', Global Plants, JSTOR, https://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.person.bm000391636 ‘Newsletter, No. 112 September 2002', Australian Systematic Botany Society, https://asbs.org.au/newsletter/pdf/02-sept-112.pdf, page 3. ‘Flora of Australia, Volume 1, Introduction 2ndEdition', Australian Biological Resources Study, CSIRO Publishing, https://www.agriculture.gov.au/sites/default/files/env/pages/5822457a-1744-4aaa-a5e0-74dc485f825d/files/flora-australia-01-introduction-second-edition-2.pdf, page 66. ‘The British in North Australia 1824-29 : Fort Dundas' by Derek Pugh, Published by Derek Pugh 2017, https://www.booktopia.com.au/fort-dundas-derek-pugh/book/9780992355869.html?source=pla&gclid=Cj0KCQjw8uOWBhDXARIsAOxKJ2EAYmo5lKChSbwJWPm5XWxCCcElEoclB0ltLE9rGnpsVidZ6ZjpkCQaAoL1EALw_wcB ‘Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia; with descriptions of the recently explored region of Australia Felix and the present colony of New South Wales', by Major T.L. Mitchell, F.G.S and M.R.G.S. Surveyor General, Second Edition, Volume 2, London, T. and W.Boone, New Bond Street, https://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks/e00036.html LINKS Grab a copy of 'Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners': www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 THANK YOU Special thanks to Solomon Staunton. Music by Ahjay Stelino

The Neva was a three-masted barque carrying hundreds of female convicts and their children from Ireland to Port Jackson. In 1835 it stuck the Harbinger Reefs near King Island in the treacherous waters of the Bass Strait. Join me as I recount this tragic story. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1835 'MELANCHOLY SHIPWRECK.', Launceston Advertiser (Tas. : 1829 - 1846), 2 July, p. 4. , viewed 23 Jan 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84777543 1835 'PARTICULARS OF THE WRECK OF THE Prison Ship "NEVA."', The Sydney Monitor (NSW : 1828 - 1838), 18 July, p. 2. (MORNING), viewed 23 Jan 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32149374 1835 'Van Dieman's Land News.', The Colonist (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), 23 July, p. 5. , viewed 23 Jan 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article31716763 1959, ‘The Convict Ships, 1787 – 1868', by Charles Bateson.,Brown, Son & Ferguson, Ltd., Glasgow 1997, ‘Most Perfectly Safe: the convict shipwreck disasters of 1833-42' by G.A. Mawer, Allen & Unwin ‘View Shipwreck – Neva', Australasian Underwater Cultural Heritage Database, viewed 18 June 2022, http://www.environment.gov.au/shipwreck/public/wreck/wreck.do?key=7542 2013, ‘The Wreck of the Neva', by K. Todd, Mercier Press THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed, Mark Blakey & Cameron Stops. Music by Ahjay Stelino

What happened when the convicts on Norfolk Island were stripped of their cooking pots? A bloodthirsty riot! Join me as I retell this gruesome true story about Alexander Maconochie's ‘Mark System', William Westwood better known as ‘Jackey Jackey the gentleman bushranger' and his fight to be treated humanely. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1846 'NORFOLK ISLAND.', The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), 8 August, p. 2. , viewed 11 May 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12889016 1846 'DISTURBANCES AT NORFOLK ISLAND.', The Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), 8 August, p. 3. , viewed 11 May 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37156047 1846 'Domestic Intelligence.', Colonial Times (Hobart, Tas. : 1828 - 1857), 25 August, p. 3. , viewed 11 May 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8759148 1846 'NORFOLK ISLAND.', The Courier (Hobart, Tas. : 1840 - 1859), 2 September, p. 2. , viewed 28 May 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2944991 1846 'No Title', The Hobart Town Advertiser (Tas. : 1839 - 1861), 4 September, p. 2. , viewed 25 May 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article264517227 1846 'NORFOLK ISLAND.', The Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), 14 November, p. 3. , viewed 28 May 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37127840 1888 'CHAPTER OF OLD TIMES.', Launceston Examiner (Tas. : 1842 - 1899), 12 June, p. 3. , viewed 28 May 2022, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article38316723 2005, 'Westwood, William (1820–1846)', M. Rutledge, Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, viewed 29 May 2022, https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/westwood-william-13246/text6635 2011, ‘Alexander Maconochie's ‘mark system.', J. Moore, CORE: three access levels to underpin open access. D-Lib Magazine, viewed 28 May 2022, https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/323897824.pdf 2021, ‘The Norfolk Island Penal Station, the Panopticon, and Alexander Maconochie's and Jeremy Bentham's Theories of Punishment', T. Causer, Revue d'études benthamiennes [Online], viewed 28 May 2022, http://journals.openedition.org/etudes-benthamiennes/838 THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed. Music by Ahjay Stelino

This is the true story of convict First Fleeter, Mary Bryant. In March 1791 Mary, her husband, their two infant children and 6 other convicts made a daring escape from the fledgling colony of NSW. In a tiny boat, they managed to make it all the way to Timor. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1910 'An Account of the English colony in New South Wales by David Collins 1756 - 1810'. Edited, with an introduction, and notes by James Collier, https://archive.org/details/b1182480/page/112/mode/2up, viewed 2 April 2022 1963 ‘The Transportation, Escape and Pardoning of Mary Bryant (Nee Broad)', by C. H. Currey, Angus & Robertson Ltd 2000 ‘Two Classic Tales of Australian exploration: 1788, by Watkin Tench; Life and Adventures, by John Nicol', edited & introduced by Tim Flannery, Text Publishing Company, Melbourne 2015 ‘Charlotte', Dictionary of Sydney, Cameron, Michaela Ann, http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/charlotte, viewed 19 May 2022 2015-2016, ‘Convict Hulks', Digital Panopticon, by Samuel Hadfield, https://www.digitalpanopticon.org/Convict_Hulks, viewed 2 April 2022 THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed and Robert Twemlow. Music by Ahjay Stelino

Join me as I talk to Matthew Bateman-Graham, a tour guide at Fremantle Prison – a UNESCO World Heritage site for convicts in Western Australia. Matthew talks about how Fremantle Prison came to be, the types of convicts that were sent over, their skills and routine. Plus, he discusses some of the extraordinary escapees such as Moondyne Joe and much more. LINKS Fremantle Prison https://fremantleprison.com.au/ Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 THANK YOU Special thanks to Matthew Bateman-Graham, Amberlee Hong & Julie Hemen. Music by Ahjay Stelino

Join me as I talk to Tammy Reardon about the Isle of the Dead – the final resting place for convicts who died at Port Arthur. Tammy has been conducting tours at the Isle of the Dead and Port Arthur Historic Site for over 15 years. She shares with us stories about the Island, convicts and free settlers associated with the site such as Henry Savery, the Staveley family and the last gravedigger, Mark Jeffery. LINKS The Isle of the Dead Cemetery Tour: https://portarthur.org.au/tour/isle-of-the-dead/ Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 FURTHER READING 1967 ‘SAVERY, HENRY (1791-1842)' Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, viewed 7 April 2022, https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/savery-henry-2632 1985 ‘THE ISLE OF THE DEAD, PORT ARTHUR', Richard Lord & Partners, R. Lord 1995 'DEATH AND BURIAL AT PORT ARTHUR', L Ross, Honours thesis, UT. 2017-2020 ‘JEFFERY, MARK, 1825-1903', Digital Panopticon, B. Godfrey, viewed 7 April 2022, https://www.digitalpanopticon.org/Jeffrey,_Mark,_1825-1903 2021 ‘ONE WOMAN IS REVEALING THE STORIES OF CONVICTS, SETTLERS BURIED ON THE ISLE OF THE DEAD', ABC News, L. Gwynn, viewed 7 April 2022, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-10-11/discovering-the-stories-of-those-buried-on-the-isle-of-the-dead/100527502 THANK YOU Special thanks to Tammy Reardon. Music by Ahjay Stelino

In 1787 the First Fleet began the epic journey to Australia with about 1500 hungry mouths to feed but only two years supply of food. This episode talks about the First Fleeters struggle to survive with depleting food stores, poor soil to grow crops and limited availability to wild foods. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1959 The Convict Ships, 1787 – 1868, by Charles Bateson.,Brown, Son & Ferguson, Ltd., Glasgow 2015 ‘First Fleet Surgeon: the voyage of Arthur Bowes Smyth.', David Hill, Canberra, ACT, National Library of Australia 2000 ‘Two Classic Tales of Australian exploration: 1788, by Watkin Tench; Life and Adventures, by John Nicol', edited & introduced by Tim Flannery, Text Publishing Company, Melbourne 2010 ‘1788: The brutal truth of the First Fleet.', by David Hill, Random House Australia, North Sydney. 2021, Discover SLM Talk: First Fleet fare, with Dr Jacqui Newling, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vu9mipK2VrQ, viewed 10 December 2021 ‘Barrett, Thomas (c. 1758-1788)', People Australia, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, https://peopleaustralia.anu.edu.au/biography/barrett-thomas-30158/text37432, viewed 1 December 2021 THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed and Dane Sharpe. Music by Ahjay Stelino

In 1832, en route to Norfolk Island, Knatchbull and his convict mates plot their cunning escape. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1832 'ARMY INTELLIGENCE.', The Currency Lad (Sydney, NSW : 1832-1833), 8 December, p. 3. , viewed 25 Jul 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article252636815 1832 'DIABOLICAL CONSPIRACY TO MURDER THE CREW AND GUARD OF THE GOVERNOR PHILIP TRANSPORT, ON HER PASSAGE TO NORFOLK ISLAND.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 4 December, p. 2. , viewed 25 Jul 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2209731 1832 'DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. ABSTRACT OF SALES BY AUCTION.', The Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), 6 December, p. 2. , viewed 25 Jul 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12845867 1833 'INDIA.', Launceston Advertiser (Tas. : 1829 - 1846), 3 January, p. 424. , viewed 25 Jul 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84776276 1898 'THE STORY OF KNATCHBULL.', The Australian Star (Sydney, NSW : 1887 - 1909), 2 April, p. 8. , viewed 25 Jul 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article228431278 CONVICT CASE STUDY- JOHN KNATCHBULL, NSW State Archives & Records, viewed 25 Jul 2021, https://www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives/collections-and-research/guides-and-indexes/stories/convict-case-study-john-knatchbull# THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed. Music by Ahjay Stelino

Reverend Samuel Marsden arrived in NSW in 1794 as the new chaplain but was quickly appointed as a magistrate. Marsden detested sin and sought to rid the colony of it. He became known as the 'Flogging Parson' for handing out severe punishments, but he also did a lot of good in the colony. For example, he actively tried to improve conditions for female convicts at the Parramatta Female Factory and he helped with the establishment and administration of the Female Orphan School. Join me as I talk to historian Michel Wilson as we unpack the good, the bad, and the ugly that was Samuel Marsden. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 THANKS Special thanks to Michel Wilson & Gay Hendriksen. Music by Ahjay Stelino

George III left Woolwich, England in December 1834 transporting 220 male convicts. The voyage was an eventful one - a fire broke loose, scurvy was rife and one day out from reaching Tasmania, the ship was wrecked when it ran into an unchartered rock. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1835 'The Courier.', The Hobart Town Courier (Tas. : 1827 - 1839), 17 April, p. 2. , viewed 20 Oct 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4180760 1835 'SHIPWRECK', The Hobart Town Courier (Tas. : 1827 - 1839), 24 April, p. 4. , viewed 26 Oct 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4180715 1872 'NARRATIVE OF THE WRECK OF THE GEORGE III. CONVICT SHIP.', The Mercury (Hobart, Tas. : 1860 - 1954), 19 December, p. 2. (The Mercury Supplement), viewed 19 Oct 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8919451 1959 The Convict Ships, 1787 – 1868, by Charles Bateson.,Brown, Son & Ferguson, Ltd., Glasgow 1997 Most Perfectly Safe: the convict shipwreck disasters of 1833-42 by G.A. Mawer, Allen & Unwin 2020 ‘Shipwreck – George III.', Australasian Underwater Cultural Heritage Database., Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, viewed 30 Oct 2021, http://www.environment.gov.au/shipwreck/public/wreck/wreck.do?key=7195 THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed. Music by Ahjay Stelino

Join me as I chat with Janice Ruse Huntington about her ancestor, James Ruse. James was a Cornish convict who was transported to Australia with the First Fleet. He claimed to be the first European from the First Fleet to set foot on Australian soil. He also became the first ex-convict to receive a land grant from Governor Phillip and quickly turned his Experiment Farm into a success, proving that with little assistance a settler could become self-sufficient. LINKS For a copy of the book My Mother Reread Me Tenderley, the life of James Ruse by Janice Ruse Huntington please contact Janice at: huntingtonjoja@hotmail.com Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 THANK YOU Special thanks to Janice Ruse Huntington. Music by Ahjay Stelino

Join me as I chat to Santilla Chingaipe about her documentary Our African Roots which will premier on SBS, Sunday, October 17 at 8:30 pm. The documentary reveals how Australian's of African descent have helped shape Australia's history for more than 200 years - from the First Fleet to the Eureka Rebellion, and from the Anzacs to Don Bradman's Invincible's. I chat to her about three convicts of African descent - John Caesar, Australia's first bushranger, John Randall and William 'Billy' Blue. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 THANK YOU Special thanks to Santilla Chingaipe and Tracey Wearne. Music by Ahjay Stelino

This is the story of six Fenian prisoners who had been transported to Australia as convicts arriving in 1868. While they toiled away, their mates in America devised a cunning plan to rescue them. In 1876 they executed one of the most daring prison breaks in Australian history. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1876 'FREMANTLE—PORT TOPICS.', The Western Australian Times (Perth, WA : 1874 - 1879), 21 April, p. 2. , viewed 29 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2975872 1876 'DARING ESCAPE OF SIX FENIAN PRISONERS.', The Herald (Fremantle, WA : 1867 - 1886), 22 April, p. 3. , viewed 29 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article109902454 1876 'ESCAPE OF FENIANS FROM SWAN HILL.', The Burrangong Argus (NSW : 1865 - 1913), 14 June, p. 2. , viewed 25 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article247273673 1876 '(To the Editors of the Protestant Standard.)', The Protestant Standard (Sydney, NSW : 1869 - 1895), 8 July, p. 2. , viewed 07 Sep 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207785686 1876 'EUROPEAN TELEGRAMS.', The Colac Herald (Vic. : 1875 - 1918), 5 September, p. 3. , viewed 25 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article91999619 1886 'THE END OF AN EXILE.', Globe (Sydney, NSW : 1885 - 1886), 19 May, p. 8. (FIRST EDITION and EVENING), viewed 07 Sep 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102562460 1897 ‘THE CATALPA EXPEDITION.', New Bedford, Mass. : G. S. Anthony, Pease, Zeph. W. , viewed 16 Aug 2021, https://archive.org/details/catalpaexpeditio00peas/page/52/mode/2up THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed and Mark Blakey. Music by Ahjay Stelino

The last ship to transport convicts to Australia was the Hougoumont which arrived in 1868. Onboard were 279 male convicts - 62 of whom were political prisoners from Ireland known as Fenians. This is the story of one of those men - John Boyle O'Reilly, a poet, journalist, author and activist. Join me as I retell the story of his epic escape from New Holland to New York. Trigger warning! This story contains content about suicide. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1869 'BUNBURY.', The Inquirer and Commercial News (Perth, WA : 1855 - 1901), 13 January, p. 2. , viewed 21 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66033268 1870 'THE ESCAPE OF JOHN BOYLE O'REILLY.', Advocate (Melbourne, Vic. : 1868 - 1954), 1 January, p. 13. , viewed 12 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article170149320 1870 'J. BOYLE O'REILLY.', Freeman's Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1850 - 1932), 26 February, p. 4. , viewed 12 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article115292629 1897 ‘THE CATAPLA EXPEDITION.', New Bedford, Mass. : G. S. Anthony, Pease, Zeph. W. , viewed 16 Aug 2021, https://archive.org/details/catalpaexpeditio00peas/page/52/mode/2up John Boyle O'Reilly, Ian Kenneally, viewed 5 September 2021, https://www.johnboyleoreilly.com/convict.html 2006 'O'REILLY, JOHN BOYLE (1844-1890)' by Wendy Birman, Australian Dictionary of Biography, viewed 5 September 2021, https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/oreilly-john-boyle-4338 THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed. Music by Ahjay Stelino

On 4 January 1815 the convict ship, Francis & Eliza, was captured by the Americans on their way to Australia. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1815 'Sydney, SITTING MAGISTRATE—S. LORD, Esq.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 24 June, p. 2. , viewed 23 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article629133 1815 'Sydney, SITTING MAGISTRATE—W. BROUGHTON, Esq. Assize of Bread for the ensuing Week—Household, 10d; Wheaten, 11½.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 12 August, p. 2. , viewed 23 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article629167 1815 'Sydney.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 26 August, p. 2. , viewed 23 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article629172 1959 The Convict Ships, 1787 – 1868, by Charles Bateson.,Brown, Son & Ferguson, Ltd., Glasgow “Convict Ship Francis and Eliza 1815.” Free Settler or Felon., Willets, Jen., viewed 23 August 2021, https://www.freesettlerorfelon.com/convict_ship_francis_and_eliza_1815.htm THANK YOU Special thanks to Sue Reed. Music by Ahjay Stelino

This is the extraordinary story of Constable Joseph Luker who was murdered on 26 August 1803, and of Joseph Samuels who was sentenced to be hanged but escaped the noose three times. Listen to how the lives of Luker and Samuels collided one fateful night and why both men will be remembered in Australian history. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES 1803 'ROBBERY.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 28 August, p. 4. , viewed 01 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article625757 1803 'Third Day.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 25 September, p. 3. , viewed 03 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article625790 1803 'SYDNEY.', The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), 2 October, p. 2. , viewed 08 Aug 2021, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article625802 2012 ‘Joseph Luker.', The Australian Police, viewed 04 Aug 2021, https://www.australianpolice.com.au/joseph-luker/?print=print 2018 ‘The Murder of Joseph Luker'., The Dictionary of Sydney, Rachel Franks, viewed 01 Aug 2021, https://home.dictionaryofsydney.org/the-murder-of-joseph-luker/ 2019 Franks, Rachel, ‘The murder of Constable Joseph Luker', Dictionary of Sydney, viewed 03 Aug 2021, http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/the_murder_of_constable_joseph_luker THANK YOU Special thanks to Robert Twemlow, Mark Blakey, Chris Twemlow & Sue Reed. Music by Ahjay Stelino

In 1831, eleven convicts captured the Caledonia and kidnapped its Captain, and sailed to the South Pacific. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych https://www.tkqlhce.com/click-100396961-13671424 SOURCES ‘Moreton Bay'. The Sydney Monitor, Saturday 18 February 1832, Page 4. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32076948?searchTerm=browning%20pirate ‘Piracy.' The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser, Thursday 17 May 1832, Page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2206619?searchTerm=browning%20pirate ‘The Convict pirates of Moreton Bay – on the run in the South Pacific.' Moreton Bay and More. https://moretonbayandmore.home.blog/2019/05/05/the-pirate-convicts-of-moreton-bay-part-2/ ‘Captain Browning's Narrative'. Launceston Advertiser, Tuesday 26 June 1832, Page 8 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/84773485?searchTerm=browning THANK YOU Special thanks to Dr Heather Clarke & Sue Reed. Music by Ahjay Stelino

This is the story of Thomas Drewery, a man who was accused of theft, found guilty and sentenced to 7 years transportation for a crime he did not commit. This is about his fight to clear his name. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych SOURCES An Innocent Pentonvillain, Thomas Drewery, chemist and exile 1821-1859 https://prov.vic.gov.au/explore-collection/provenance-journal/provenance-2015/innocent-pentonvillain Great Convict Stories, Dramatic and moving tales from Australia's brutal early years by Graham Seal The Hull Packet, and East Riding Times, 3 December 1847, Page 4 https://www.newspapers.com/image/390168750/?terms=thomas%20drewery&match=1 The Hull Packet, and East Riding Times, 10 December 1847, Page 8 https://www.newspapers.com/image/390169776/?terms=thomas%20drewery&match=1 The Hull Packet, and East Riding Times, 17 December 1847, Page 5 https://www.newspapers.com/image/390170814/?terms=thomas%20drewery&match=1 The Hull Packet, and East Riding Times, 24 December 1847, Page 7 https://www.newspapers.com/image/390171008 The Hull Packet, and East Riding Times, 14 January 1848, Page 5 https://www.newspapers.com/image/390161646/ The Hull Packet, and East Riding Times, 21 January 1848, Page 4 https://www.newspapers.com/image/390161781/?terms=thomas%20drewery&match=1 The Hull Packet, and East Riding Times, 28 January 1848, Page 4 https://www.newspapers.com/image/390161972/?terms=thomas%20drewery&match=1 The Hull Packet, and East Riding Times, 14 April 1848, Page 5 https://www.newspapers.com/image/390166342/?terms=thomas%20drewery&match=1 The Hull Packet, and East Riding Times, 28 April 1848, Page 5 https://www.newspapers.com/image/390169776/?terms=thomas%20drewery&match=1 THANK YOU Special thanks to Molly Twemlow, Robert Twemlow, Sue Reed, Mark Blakey & Liz Dawson. Music by Ahjay Stelino

Life onboard the early convict transportation ships could be brutal. The mortality rate was often high. Dr Heather Clarke describes the conditions of these early voyages and the turning point that brought about better conditions for convicts. She also discusses a much-loved form of exercise on the ships - dancing and music. LINKS www.colonialdance.com.au https://www.facebook.com/earlycolonialdance Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych FURTHER READING Dancing on convict ships https://www.colonialdance.com.au/dancing-on-convict-ships-3147.html Dr William Redfern https://www.colonialdance.com.au/dr-william-redfern-3182.html Jen Willetts' Free Settler or Felon site has detailed information about convict ships and their surgeons https://www.freesettlerorfelon.com/convict_ships_australia.html Surgeons at Sea via The National Archives https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/surgeonsatsea/ Bateson, C. (1969). The convict ships: 1787-1868 (Vol. 2nd). Glasgow: Brown, Son & Ferguson. Oxley, D. (1996). Convict maids: the forced migration of women to Australia. Cambridge; Melbourne;: Cambridge University Press. Pearn, J. (1995). Surgeon-superintendents on convict ships transportation from England to Australia. . Redfern, W., & Edited by Watson, F. (1814). Report on Convict Ships. La Trobe University Library: Historical records of Australia. Series I Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1959.9/519540. Rees, S. (2000). The Floating Brothel. Sydney: Hodder Headline Australia. Smith, B. (2009). A cargo of women: Susannah Watson and the Convicts of the Princess Royal. Crows Nest, N.S.W.; Hove: Allen & Unwin; Roundhouse [distributor]. Music by Ahjay Stelino

Vicious, savage dogs and shark-infested waters could not stop convicts from making their escape from Port Arthur. Martin Cash and George 'Billy' Hunt are just two convicts who attempted the pass at Eaglehawk Neck in Tasmania. LINKS Grab a copy of Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners: www.jennifer-twemlow.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych SOURCES Martin Cash, the bushranger of Van Diemen's Land in 1843-4: a personal narrative of his exploits in the bush and his experiences at Port Arthur and Norfolk Island by Martin Cash. Hobart: J. Walch & Sons, 1911 Launceston: A.W. Birchall & Son, 1911 https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2595495428/view?partId=nla.obj-2595506296#page/n82/mode/1up "Domestic Intelligence." Colonial Times, January 24, 1843 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/8753277?searchTerm=martin%20cash "Reward." Launceston Advertiser, January 26, 1843 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/84767681?searchTerm=martin%20cash Pack of Thieves,? 52 Port Arthur Lives by Hamish Maxwell-Stewart & Susan Hood A – Z of convicts in Van Diemen's Land by Simon Barnard The Penal Settlements of early Van Diemen's Land by Thomas James Lempiere 1796-1852. Royal Society of Tasmania, Northern Branch 1954 http://handle.slv.vic.gov.au/10381/183068 THANK YOU Special thanks to Chris Twemlow, Sue Reed & Mark Blakey. Music by Ahjay Stelino

Historian Gay Hendriksen joins us to talk about the Parramatta Female Factory. The Parramatta Female Factory was one of thirteen factories around Australia that housed convict women. Between 1821 and 1848 it was a penitentiary, a hospital for women, a workplace, a marriage bureau and a refuge for women, children, and the sick and elderly women of the colony. It was designed by Francis Greenway and built by convict men. Gay takes us through the various uses of the Factory, how it was run, the routine, class system, types of work carried out and much more. LINKS Parramatta Female Factory – Ordinary Women Extraordinary Lives https://www.facebook.com/parramattafemalefactoryourhistory The Rowan Tree, Heritage and Cultural Services http://www.therowantree.com.au/ Touching History https://www.instagram.com/touchinghistory/ Hendriksen, Gay. Conviction: The 1827 Fight for Rights at Parramatta Female Factory. Blaxland, N.S.W: The Rowan Tree, 2015. Hendriksen, Gay, Trudy Cowley, and Carol Liston. Women Transported: Life in Australia's Convict Female Factories. Parramatta, N.S.W: Parramatta City Council Heritage Centre, 2008. Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Read more about the lives of convicts: https://www.facebook.com/convictsydney/ Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych Music by Ahjay Stelino

This is the story of the Surry - a ship that transported convicts to Port Jackson in 1814. During the voyage, there was an outbreak of Typhus that devastated the people on board. SOURCES The Convict Ships, 1787 – 1868, by Charles Bateson Netweather Community, 1814: A cold year with a severe winter. https://www.netweather.tv/forum/topic/33631-1814-a-cold-year-with-a-severe-winter/ The Free Dictionary, Typhus https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Gaol-fever BBC, Gaol fever - typhus or typhoid? https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/making_history/makhist10_prog8e.shtml LaTrobe, Historical records of Australia. Series I. Governors' despatches to and from England. Volume VIII, July, 1813—December, 1815 / [edited by Frederick Watson]. http://arrow.latrobe.edu.au/store/3/4/9/0/2/public/B13858427S1V8jpages233-488.pdf Australian Dictionary of Biography, Raine, Thomas (1793–1860) https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/raine-thomas-2570 Australian Dictionary of Biography, Redfern, William (1774–1833) https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/redfern-william-2580 Trove, Sydney Gazette, 30 Jul 1814, Classified Advertising https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/628955?searchTerm=SURRY Trove, Sydney Gazette, 30 Jul 1814, Sydney. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/628954?searchTerm=SURRY Trove, Sydney Gazette, 20 Aug 1814, Classified Advertising https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/628967?searchTerm=surry%20quarantine LINKS Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych Want to hear more stories about convicts: https://www.booktopia.com.au/convict-sydney-jennifer-twemlow/book/9780648946809.html Music by Ahjay Stelino

Convict Indents, Surgeon Journals, Tickets of Leave, Certificates of Freedom and Pardons are some of the primary sources available when researching convicts. In this episode, we explore these documents - what they are, what they can tell us and where we can find them. We explore the different types of Indents and Pardons and the abbreviations used. SOURCES Convicts and Convict Administration Guide, State Archives & Records of NSW https://www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives/collections-and-research/guides-and-indexes/convict-guide-2006 Surgeons Notes from Transport Vessels 1817 - 1857, Digital Panopticon https://www.digitalpanopticon.org/Surgeons_Notes_from_Transport_Vessels_1817-1857 Surgeons at Sea: Royal Navy Medical Officers' Journals, The National Archives https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/surgeonsatsea/ Tickets of Leave, Biographical Database of Australia https://www.bda-online.org.au/sources/tickets-of-leave/ How were convicts rewarded for good behaviour? Sydney Living Museums https://sydneylivingmuseums.com.au/convict-sydney/rewards-freedom The Convict Ships, 1787 – 1868, by Charles Bateson STATE ARCHIVES & RECORDS OF NSW WEBINARS Tracing NSW Convicts https://www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives/webinars/webinar-tracing-nsw-convicts Archives Behind the Scenes - Ticket of Leave Butts https://www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives/magazine/video/archives-behind-the-scenes-ticket-leave-butts Early Convict Indents https://www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives/webinars/mini-webinar%3A-early-convict-indents LISTS OF ABBREVIATIONS Convict Abbreviations, Libraries Tasmania https://libraries.tas.gov.au/family-history/Pages/Convict-abbreviations.aspx Abbreviations and Commonly Used Terms, Female Factory https://femalefactory.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Transcribing-Guide.pdf LINKS Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych Music by Ahjay Stelino

Stephen Gow, author of 'From Distress to Deliverance, the life and times of William Gow; convict, schoolmaster, farmer', talks about his research and shines a light on the education system for the children of convicts and free settlers. We learn about the remarkable story of William Gow who was convicted of burglary and sentenced to hang at the Old Bailey in 1816 and somehow escaped the noose to become a well-respected schoolmaster in the Hawkesbury Valley. LINKS You can purchase your copy of Stephen Gow's book at: wptgowdescendants@gmail.com Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Read more about the lives of convicts: https://www.amazon.com.au/Convict-Sydney-real-life-stories-prisoners/dp/0648946800/ref=asc_df_0648946800/?tag=googleshopdsk-22&linkCode=df0&hvadid=463556995101&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=15900702372537924491&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=9071891&hvtargid=pla-980017658308&psc=1 Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych Music by Ahjay Stelino THANK YOU Special thanks to Stephen Gow, Barbara Gow, Chris Twemlow, Melanie Howell, Tracey Wearne & Mark Blakey.

In this episode, we explore common types of punishments that convict men could receive if they stepped out of line - flogging, the treadmill, leg irons, solitary confinement and banishment to penal settlements. SOURCES · ‘Convict Sydney, the real-life stories of 32 prisoners' by Jennifer Twemlow · ‘Convicts & The Colonies, A study of Penal Transportation from Great Britain & Ireland to Australia & other parts of the British Empire' by A G L Shaw. · ‘A – Z of convicts in Van Diemen's Land' by Simon Barnard · ‘Report from the Select Committee on Transportation' By Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Select Committee on Transportation (1812) · Sydney Living Museums Website, https://sydneylivingmuseums.com.au/convict-sydney/what-happened-convicts-who-broke-rules · ‘Convicts, Transportation & Australia'by Michael Bogle LINKS Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 To see pictures of the cat-o-nine tails and a model of the treadmill head to our Instagram page: https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Read more about the lives of convicts: https://www.amazon.com.au/Convict-Sydney-real-life-stories-prisoners/dp/0648946800/ref=asc_df_0648946800/?tag=googleshopdsk-22&linkCode=df0&hvadid=463556995101&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=15900702372537924491&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=9071891&hvtargid=pla-980017658308&psc=1 Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych Music by Ahjay Stelino THANK YOU Special thanks to Chris Twemlow, Sue Reed & Mark Blakey.

This episode is about a convict transportation ship named the Amphitrite that was shipwrecked on its journey out to Australia. We delve into what life was like on the voyage and how it all went horribly wrong. SOURCES The Convict Ships, 1787 – 1868, by Charles Bateson Most Perfectly Safe: the convict shipwreck disasters of 1833-42 by G.A. Mawer Music by Ahjay Stelino LINKS Support Convict Australia and receive goodies such as the Convict Australia Newsletter: https://www.patreon.com/ConvictAustralia Join the conversation on our Facebook & Instagram pages: https://www.facebook.com/groups/173850624015866 https://www.instagram.com/convict_australia/?hl=en Read more about the lives of convicts: https://www.amazon.com.au/Convict-Sydney-real-life-stories-prisoners/dp/0648946800/ref=asc_df_0648946800/?tag=googleshopdsk-22&linkCode=df0&hvadid=463556995101&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=15900702372537924491&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=9071891&hvtargid=pla-980017658308&psc=1 Start your search for your convict ancestors: https://prf.hn/click/camref:1100ldych THANK YOU Special thanks to Chris Twemlow, Robert Twemlow, Stacey Plim, Mark Blakey & Anne-Marie Lamb.