Podcasts about Timor

Gazan viimeisin sota on jatkunut jo puolitoista vuotta. Sodan tuottama tuho on ollut mittavaa ja kansainväliset vastalauseet ovat nousseet yhä voimakkaammiksi. Gazan viimeisimmällä sodalla on pitkät juuret Palestiinan miehityksessä. Activestills-valokuvauskollektiivi on dokumentoinut miehityksen arkea ja väkivaltaa kahdenkymmenen vuoden ajan. Heidän näyttelynsä Valokuvataiteen museossa Helsingissä luo nykyiselle väkivallalle historiallista ja poliittista taustaa. Kultturiykkösessä kysytään mitä miehitys ja pakolaisuus ovat tehneet palestiinalaisten kollektiiviselle muistille ja käsitykselle historiallisesta Palestiinasta. Entä miten miehitys ja jatkuvat kahinat muokkaavat israelilaisten käsitystä omasta historiastaan? Miten todistaa nykyhetkeä ja siihen liittyvää väkivaltaa osana monimutkaista historiaa? Studiossa keskustelemassa ovat valokuvataiteilija Haidi Motola, tutkija Timo R. Stewart ja tutkija Tiina Järvi. Juontaja on Pietari Kylmälä.

Last time we spoke about the second Okinawa Offensive. In the brutal Second Okinawa Counteroffensive, American forces confronted staunch Japanese defenses, with Captain Ryan leading a valiant charge for territory. Despite fierce resistance and heavy casualties, his troops managed to seize crucial ground, enduring intense hand-to-hand combat atop Ryan Ridge. The battle raged on, with American forces fighting through exhaustion and dwindling supplies, while the Japanese, though determined, faced declining morale as they lost ground. The relentless struggle exemplified extraordinary sacrifice on both sides, but it foreshadowed a turning point in the Pacific campaign. As American advances continued, the tide shifted, marking the beginning of the end for Japanese dominance in the region, ultimately paving the way for Allied victory. This episode is the Battle of the Malacca Strait Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.  After the failure of their second offensive, the Japanese turned all their energies toward waging a prolonged battle of attrition. Their losses did not impair immediately their defensive capacities; thus the 24th Corps found no weak point in the Shuri defenses resulting from the ill-starred offensive. By throwing fresh troops into the attack of 4 May Ushijima had been able to maintain his strength all along the line. Nor was there any breakdown in his command and staff operation. Front-line units were reorganized without seeming loss of effectiveness; available reinforcements were carefully allotted to existing regiments; local counterattacks were timed for maximum effect. General Ushijima's chief task now was to keep sufficient combat troops at the front to man his Shuri defenses. It was apparent by 7 May that the strength of the remaining regular infantry was not great enough for this task. Consequently, Ushijima converted service units into infantry combat groups. By mixing service troops with the "regulars," he exacted from them their maximum combat effectiveness. "One man in ten will continue with his rear-echelon duties. The remaining nine men will devote themselves to antitank combat training," one order stated. The reorganization of the 32d Regiment, 24th Division, was typical of the resourcefulness of the Japanese. The regimental headquarters received 5 men from the 24th Transport Regiment. The 1st Battalion kept its own surviving members and was allotted all the survivors of the 2d Battalion, 20 men from the 7th Shipping Depot, 90 from the 24th Transport Regiment, and y from the 26th Sea Raiding Squadron. The 2d Battalion was totally reconstituted from the 29th Independent Infantry Battalion and other units. The 3d Battalion was reorganized in a manner similar to that used with the 1st. It was by this process of piecing units together that the 32d Army was able to stay intact long after the original combat units had been virtually destroyed, a capability which at the time American intelligence officers found "baffling." After his offensive failed, the enemy formed a line in which the relative position of the major units was to remain roughly the same until the end of the battle. On the east the 24th Division, reinforced by two independent battalions, held the line as far as Shuri, with its 89th Regiment on the east, its 22d in the center, and its 32d on the west. The remnants of the battered 62d Division were stretched from a point north of Shuri almost to the west coast, holding about one-third of the line. Along the Asa River estuary was a battalion of the 44th Independent Mixed Brigade. The Japanese husbanded their remaining heavy weapons, especially their artillery, as carefully as they meted out their manpower. On 6 May the Japanese 5th Artillery Command directed its units to "revert to the [defensive] situation which held prior to the attack situation of 3 May." Once again the protection of individual pieces was a cardinal feature of enemy operations. Artillery units were ordered to "use ammunition with the utmost economy" and to "wait and fire for effect against vital targets." Along the west coast, preliminary plans were underway for the deployment of General Shepherd's 6th Marine Division to the front lines, while General Del Valle's 1st Marine Division continued its assault on the Dakeshi-Awacha hill complex. Colonel Snedeker's 7th Marines secured the coastal flank after capturing the north bank of the Asa River. Meanwhile, Colonel Arthur Mason's 1st Marines focused their efforts on the western approaches to the Dakeshi hill defenses, but they were ultimately repulsed by the tenacious Japanese defenders around Hill 60. In the Awacha Pocket, Colonel Griebel's 5th Marines faced fierce opposition, resulting in only modest territorial gains. To the east, after successfully fending off multiple strong enemy counterattacks, General Bruce's 77th Division advanced 800 yards south toward Hill 187, establishing control over the southern slope of the Maeda Escarpment. Finally, operations in General Arnold's 7th Division area were confined to robust patrols aimed at securing the approaches to Conical Hill and eliminating the remaining fragments of the failed Japanese counteroffensive. Convinced that the Japanese had nearly exhausted their fresh reserves, General Buckner began planning a comprehensive assault on the Shuri defenses with his two corps. On May 7, General Geiger was assigned to command the 1st Marine Division within the 24th Corps front and oversee the southern movement of the 6th Marine Division, with General Buckner taking direct tactical control of the two-corps assault. Heavy rains on the morning of 7 May delayed the projected IIIAC advance until tanks were able to negotiate the muddy terrain. In the 1st Marines' zone, the new regimental commander, Colonel Arthur T. Mason, ordered 3/1 to support the attack of the 2d Battalion on Hill 60 with all available weapons (four battalions of artillery, a fire support ship, and 81-mm. and 60-mm. mortars) by firing into the enemy reverse slope defenses. All morning long the regiment's mortars concentrated on the enemy position, and at 1400 when tanks finally reached the front lines the battalion attacked with Company E in assault. Artillery fire covered the foot of the objective while mortars and assault guns blanketed the crest and reverse slopes. The company swept to the top of Hill 60 by 1422 in a vivid demonstration of "the effect of properly massed, supporting fires in front of assault troops." Once the company entered the impact zone, however, and supporting fires were shifted to other targets the enemy defenders emerged from their caves and engaged the Marines in hand grenade duels. The fighting was at such close range that it was impossible to keep enough grenades on the line, and the marines used rifle butts against Japanese who tried to storm their position. Gradually the volume of Japanese fire of all types "grew noticeably stronger and progressively more intense so that it was evident that the enemy was receiving large reinforcements." The troops lost their hold at one point, then fought their way to the top again, yet the continuing Japanese fire from the reverse slope of Nan Hill was the decisive factor. The threat of a strong counterattack measured against the dwindling strength of Company E forced Lieutenant Colonel Magee to adjudge the company's advanced position untenable and to order a withdrawal to the previous night's lines. To the west, the 5th Marines steadily advanced approximately 400 yards in the Awacha Pocket, while the 77th Division gained up to 500 yards of enemy territory despite increasingly fierce resistance. By the end of the day, Colonel Coolidge's 305th Regiment had relieved the weary 307th. On the east coast, Colonel Green's 184th Regiment resumed its southward push, quickly capturing Gaja Ridge and William Hill, but faced greater opposition as they approached the western flanks of Conical Hill. Meanwhile, Colonel Pachler's 17th Regiment continued its assault toward Zebra Hill but could only secure How Hill and make incremental gains on Kochi Ridge, depleting their strength. The following day, as General Bradley's replenished 96th Division prepared to relieve the 7th, the 184th Regiment managed to occupy the forward slope of Easy Hill near Kibara without armored support. Throughout the rest of the 10th Army front, relentless cold rain effectively canceled planned offensive operations, leading the 1st Marines to focus on dismantling enemy positions on Nan Hill. Colonel Schneider's 22nd Marines took over from the 7th Marines along the Asa River just as news of the victory in Europe reached the infantry units, prompting a somewhat indifferent reaction from the rain-soaked soldiers preoccupied with the ongoing fighting in Okinawa. Exactly at 1200 every available artillery piece and naval gun fired three volleys at vital enemy targets to apprise the Japanese of the defeat of their Axis partner. On May 9, Japanese kamikaze pilots launched a series of scattered attacks, damaging the carrier Formidable and two destroyers. In preparation for Buckner's general offensive, the 22nd Marines patrolled their front to identify suitable crossing sites over the Asa River. Meanwhile, with Nan Hill fully cleared, Mason's 2nd Battalion renewed its assault on Hill 60, while the 1st Battalion advanced into the high ground to the east, successfully capturing their objective this time. Reinforced by elements of the 7th Marines, the 5th Marines also launched another attack on the Awacha Pocket but continued to encounter fierce resistance. In response, Griebel was tasked with reducing the Awacha defenses using two battalions, while Snedeker's reinforced 7th Marines pressed the offensive southward. To the east, General Bruce focused his efforts on the 305th Regiment's sector, resulting in the 3rd Battalion securing a foothold on Hill 187. The 17th Regiment, which had fought tenaciously to capture Kochi Ridge and the high ground west of Conical Hill, was relieved by Colonel Dill's 382nd Regiment. Concurrently, Colonel May's 383rd Regiment moved into forward assembly areas behind the 184th and on May 10, took over the positions north of Conical Hill. Both fresh regiments of the 96th Division were then able to destroy enemy strongpoints that had impeded the progress of the weary 7th Division and capture key hills that protected the approaches to Conical. On the west coast, after stealthily constructing a footbridge across the Asa during the night, three companies of the 22nd Marines successfully crossed the river. However, two Japanese "human demolition charges" emerged from hiding and rushed the south end of the footbridge, destroying it. Despite the challenges, the attack south toward the town of Asa continued, successfully establishing a bridgehead that stretched 1,400 yards long and 350 yards deep by the end of the day. To the east, the 1st Marines launched an assault on the western end of Dakeshi but were pushed back by intense enfilading fire from the ridge. Similarly, although the 7th Marines initially advanced rapidly against scattered opposition, they were ultimately forced to withdraw under heavy Japanese fire. Behind them, after fending off two fierce night counterattacks, the 5th Marines failed to isolate the Awacha Pocket but made significant strides, penetrating deep into the heart of the Awacha defenses. Meanwhile, the 305th Regiment captured additional high ground leading toward the crucial road junction north of Shuri, where the reorganized and reinforced 32nd Regiment had established its primary defenses. The remnants of the 62nd Division were gradually being withdrawn toward Shuri, with General Suzuki's fresh 44th Independent Mixed Brigade taking over the western sector. On May 11, General Buckner initiated his general offensive against Shuri, planning to envelop the town from both the west and east. However, this offensive was preceded by Admiral Ugaki's sixth mass Kikisui strike, during which 150 kamikazes launched successful attacks on American shipping. That morning, the 721st Kokutai's Sub-Lieutenant Yasunori Seizo led six kamikazes out of Kanoya. By 10:02, Admiral Mitscher was informed of possible bogeys infiltrating the returning TF 58 strike to reach the US carriers. Two minutes later came an overhead Corsair's sudden frantic warning: “Alert! Alert! Two planes diving on the Bunker Hill!” Almost immediately, Yasunori's Zero dove out of low overcast toward Bunker Hill and released its payload. The 550lb bomb pierced the flight deck, exited the side of the hull, and exploded above water. Simultaneously, Yasunori's Zero caromed into the center of Bunker Hill's flight deck, its gas tank exploding among 34 manned, armed, and fully fueled US fighters, before careening blazing over the side. One minute later, Yasunori's wingman Ensign Ogawa Kiyoshi roared past Bunker Hill, climbed steeply into a roll, and then dove straight at the carrier. Ogawa released his 550lb bomb, which scored amidships and exploded in the gallery deck, slaughtering much of Mitscher's staff. Simultaneously, Ogawa deliberately slammed his Zero into Bunker Hill's island just 100ft from Mitscher. Mitscher's operations officer, Commander Jimmy Flatley, had just left the gallery deck when Ogawa's bomb struck, searing his back. Mitscher had observed the entire attack in silence, and just then emerged from the bridge to gaze at the blazing flight deck. The Flag Plot was choked with billowing smoke and Mitscher's chief-of-staff, a gasping, wheezing Commodore Arleigh Burke, ordered it evacuated. A third Zero then dove on Bunker Hill, but anti-aircraft fire sent it blazing into the sea close aboard. Aboard Bunker Hill, a cascade of gasoline explosions erupted from burning planes aft, while tracers sprayed haphazardly from detonating machine gun ammunition. Speed fell to 10kts and as the crew began intensive firefighting efforts, a slight list developed. Cruiser Wilkes-Barre and three destroyers came alongside to fight fires and rescue 300 men forced overboard, yet most of Bunker Hill's fighter pilots had been asphyxiated in their ready room. By 11:30, however, damage was largely stabilized. Nevertheless, Bunker Hill had lost 393 men killed and 264 wounded. Although horribly outnumbered, the Americans' Corsair CAP shot down 50 attackers before the Japanese got through at 0800hrs. Over the next 90 minutes the two violently maneuvering destroyers would claim a combined 42 kills before Evans was disabled by four kamikaze hits. Minutes later Hugh W. Hadley was knocked out by her third kamikaze hit. With his ship dead in the water and blazing uncontrollably, Hugh W. Hadley's Commander Mullaney ordered all available colors hoisted: “If this ship is going down, she's going down with all flags flying.” Escorting the destroyers were three LCS(L)s and one LSM(R), who themselves combined to splash 14 Japanese planes before the action mercifully ended. All six ships survived, but the destroyers were towed to Kerama Retto, having suffered a combined 60 killed and 94 wounded. East of Okinawa, a G4M Betty bomber and four Ki-43 Oscars attacked RPS-5 at 0800hrs. One plane crashed destroyer-minelayer Harry F. Bauer (DM-26)'s stern, the kamikaze miraculously “plowing through the rack of depth charges and shoving them into the sea with none of them exploding.” Escorting LCS(L)-88 splashed two Oscars, the second scoring a posthumous 220lb bomb hit on her which killed nine and wounded seven. Back on the west coast, supported by tanks and artillery, the 22nd Marines advanced toward Amike. Their 3rd Battalion established control of the high ground overlooking Naha after an 800-yard advance, while the 1st Battalion gained the coral ridge in front after a series of costly assaults. The 2nd Battalion further extended the line to connect with the 1st Marine Division. Del Valle's advance was spearheaded by Mason's 2nd Battalion, which successfully secured a foothold on the high ground west of Wana despite a heavy artillery bombardment. In constructing the Wana position the Japanese had "taken advantage of every feature of a terrain so difficult it could not have been better designed if the enemy himself had the power to do so." With this natural advantage, the enemy had so organized the area that in order to crack the main line of resistance it was necessary for the 1st Marine Division to wheel towards Shuri and attack directly into the heart of the city's powerful defenses. Any attempt to drive past Shuri and continue the attack to the south would mean unacceptable losses inflicted by artillery, mortar, automatic-weapons, and rifle fire coming from the heights that commanded the division's flank and rear areas. The southernmost branch of the Asa Kawa wandered across the gently rising floor of Wana Draw and through the northern part of Shuri. The low rolling ground bordering the insignificant stream was completely exposed to enemy fire from positions along the reverse slope of Wana Ridge and the military crest of the ridge to the south. At its mouth Wana Draw was approximately 400 yards wide, but it narrowed drastically as it approached the city and the ridge walls closed on the stream bed. Guarding the western end of the draw was Hill 55, rugged terminus of the southern ridge line. The hill bristled with enemy guns whose fields of fire included the whole of the open ground leading to the draw. Defending the Wana position was the 64th Brigade of the 62d Division with remnants of the 15th, 23d, and 273d Independent Infantry Battalions, the 14th Independent Machine Gun Battalion, and the 81st Field Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion under its command. The 7th Marines advanced approximately 800 yards, establishing a firm hold on Dakeshi Ridge, while the 5th Marines eliminated the last organized resistance in the Awacha Pocket. In the center of the front, Bruce's two regiments needed to coordinate more closely with neighboring divisions than with one another. As a result, the 305th Regiment advanced up to 500 yards against fierce resistance, while Colonel Smith's 306th Regiment struggled to make headway against the formidable defenses of Chocolate Drop Hill and Wart Hill. To the east, after repelling a series of night counterattacks, the 382nd Regiment consolidated its positions on Zebra Hill and continued probing toward the Dick Hills area and the ridges northwest of Kuhazu. The 383rd Regiment quickly secured Easy and Fox Hills, subsequently capturing the summit of Charlie Hill. However, over the next two days, efforts by the 1st Battalion to dislodge the defenders from the top would be thwarted by withering fire from King Hill, while the 2nd Battalion cleared Gaja Ridge and the twin villages of Tobaru and Amaru. On May 12, Dill's 3rd Battalion executed a successful assault, capturing Baker Hill, although the 1st Battalion's attack on Dick Baker was repelled by the defenders. To the west, the 306th Regiment only provided support for the advance of the 305th, which faced difficult terrain in the broken ground west of Route 5, managing to gain about 500 yards. Meanwhile, the 7th Marines solidified their hold on Dakeshi Ridge against sporadic opposition, but the 1st Marines found themselves pinned down while trying to improve their positions west of Wana. The vulnerability of the 6th Marine Division to direct fire from the western slopes of the Shuri massif resulted in significant losses for Schneider's 2nd Battalion as it fought to seize the high ground overlooking Naha, ultimately being repelled from Sugar Loaf Hill. Meanwhile, the 1st Battalion advanced steadily in the center, capturing the high ground north of Asato, while the 3rd Battalion secured commanding positions and conducted patrols through the suburbs of Naha. At sea, scattered kamikaze attacks damaged Admiral Spruance's flagship, the battleship New Mexico, and inflicted further damage on two additional destroyers the following day. In retaliation, Mitscher directed Task Force 58 to strike Kyushu once again. Back on Okinawa, as Schneider's 3rd Battalion reconnoitered the northern suburbs of Naha, the 2nd Battalion launched another unsuccessful attack on Sugar Loaf Hill. In light of this resistance and the heavy casualties suffered by the 22nd Marines, Shepherd ordered Colonel Whaling's 29th Marines to reinforce the effort, but they could only position themselves northwest of Makabe. To the east, while the 1st Marines faced heavy losses and were repelled at the mouth of Wana Draw, the 7th Marines finally secured Dakeshi Ridge. In the center, the 305th Regiment continued its determined advance into the extremely rugged terrain north and northeast of Shuri, whereas the 306th Regiment once again failed to capture Chocolate Drop Hill and Wart Hill. Coordinated with this, the 382nd Regiment attacked the Dick Hills, successfully securing Dick Baker and Dick Able against light opposition, but ultimately being pushed back from the latter. Further east, May's 2nd Battalion launched a frontal assault on Conical Hill, successfully reaching the northeast crest of the ridge, where it repelled several heavy Japanese counterattacks. Back at sea, Task Force 58 launched another strike on Kyushu during the early hours of May 14. In response, the Japanese dispatched 28 kamikazes alongside 40 escorts, inflicting heavy damage on Mitscher's new flagship, the carrier Enterprise, in what would become known as the last action of the Gray Ghost.  At 05:25, some 28 Zeros, armed with 1100lb bombs, sortied from Kanoya towards Mitscher's carriers cruising 130nm southeast of Kyushu. 40 fighters escorted them. Around 06:45 Enterprise detected 4 incoming bogies. 3 were shot down over TF 58, but the fourth, flown by Sub-Lieutenant Tomiyasu Shunsuke, continued closing. Using clouds for cover, Tomiyasu approached Enterprise from astern. Already struck by flak, at 06:57 Tomiyasu's blazing Zero suddenly appeared 200ft above Enterprise, which erupted with anti-aircraft fire. Although seeming to have overflown his target, Tomiyasu suddenly snap-rolled his burning Zero onto its back and dove almost vertically into Enterprise's flight deck. Observing from Enterprise's exposed bridge wing, Flatley rushed back inside and shouted to take cover just as Tomiyasu's kamikaze hit. The thunderous explosion blew Enterprise's forward elevator 400ft in the air, rattled the carrier's bridge, and flung shrapnel against her island. As Flatley emerged from cover he observed an unsmiling Mitscher, arms crossed, standing amid the smoking wreckage. “Jimmy,” Mitscher growled, “tell my Task Group commanders that if the Japs keep this up they're going to grow hair on my head yet.” Enterprise remained on station, but her flight deck was out of action. TF 58 splashed 3 more planes before Japanese attacks ended at 08:00. That evening TF 58 retired from Kyushu. The following morning, May 15, Mitscher transferred to carrier Randolph, his third flagship in 5 days. Enterprise would detach for repairs in the United States on May 16, having lost 14 dead and 68 wounded. Her war too was over. Honestly for those of you who might not know, the USS Enterprise is the most decorated ship of all time, an absolutely insane history. She was so impressive, my patreons voted for me to do an exclusive episode on her and it took two full episodes to do. If you are interested in the history of the USS Enterprise, please check out my exclusive podcast. At Okinawa, as positions on Conical Hill were being consolidated, May's 1st Battalion renewed its attack on Charlie Hill, successfully securing a foothold at its northern end, which was later extended down the southern slope. Simultaneously, Company L launched an assault on King Hill, managing to capture the entire crest. To the west, Dill's 1st Battalion attacked and captured Dick Able and Dick Right, although they had to relinquish Dick Right after a vigorous Japanese counterattack. The 3rd Battalion also advanced toward Dick Right, establishing a tenuous hold on the position. Further west, the 306th Regiment committed its last remaining strength, a composite battalion, to advance beyond Wart Hill, but it was quickly cut down by overwhelming flanking fire. Similarly, the battered 305th Regiment made little progress in the rugged terrain. Meanwhile, the 7th Marines advanced to within 100 yards of the ridge crest north of Wana, where they were ultimately pinned down by heavy fire. Concurrently, the depleted 1st Marines launched an assault that captured the western tip of Wana Ridge, aided by tanks and artillery, though a fierce night counterattack forced them to withdraw before being relieved by the fresh 5th Marines. Along the coast, the 22nd Marines successfully pushed toward the north bank of the Asato River, but the main action was poised to occur at Sugar Loaf Hill. Though Schneider's 2nd Battalion successfully seized the forward slopes of the protective hills north of Sugar Loaf, including Queen Hill, they faced intense enemy fire whenever they attempted to maneuver around or over these hills to launch an attack on Sugar Loaf itself. Nevertheless, the Marines pressed on, and by nightfall, a group of about 40 men under Major Henry Courtney managed to storm the hill, throwing grenades ahead of them and subsequently digging in at the summit to withstand a night of heavy mortar fire and constant counterattacks. This attack was further supported by the 29th Marines, which, after overcoming initial hardships, secured the forward slopes of the hill northeast of Sugar Loaf. During the early hours of May 15, the embattled group atop Sugar Loaf gratefully welcomed the arrival of reinforcements, though it was not before Major Courtney heroically fell while leading a grenade assault against the defenders on the reverse slope. Despite the reinforcements, enemy pressure on Sugar Loaf intensified, ultimately forcing the battered Marines off the hill. This triggered a fierce Japanese counterattack across a 900-yard front, compelling Schneider's 2nd Battalion to relinquish the ground immediately north of Sugar Loaf. Fearing a breakthrough, elements of his 1st Battalion seized the hill northwest of Sugar Loaf to help blunt the force of the enemy counterattacks, while the 3rd Battalion relieved the exhausted 2nd across the line. Additionally, the 29th Marines not only played a significant role in repulsing the enemy counterattack but also effectively strengthened its hold on the high ground north of Half Moon Hill.  To the east, while the 7th Marines reorganized and cleared out Dakeshi, the 5th Marines launched their first tank-infantry assault against Wana Draw. At 0630 on 15 May the 5th Marines completed the relief of the 1st, and Colonel Griebel assumed command of the zone of action west of Wana. The 2d Battalion was in assault with the 3d in close support and the 1st in reserve. On the recommendation of the regimental and battalion commanders of both the 1st and 5th Marines, the division decided to subject the high ground on both sides of Wana Draw to a thorough processing by tanks and self-propelled 105mm howitzers before 2/5 attempted to advance across the open ground at the mouth of the draw. With Company F of 2/5 providing fire teams for protection against suicide attackers, nine tanks from Company B, 1st Tank Battalion spent the morning working on the positions at the mouth of the draw. The tanks drew heavy small-arms, mortar, artillery, and AT fire, and accompanying infantry was dispersed to reduce casualties. Because of the open area of operation, the fire teams were still able to cover the tanks at relatively long-ranges. Both sides of the draw were honeycombed with caves and the tanks received intense and accurate fire from every sector at their front. During the morning one 47mm AT gun scored five hits on the attacking armor before NGF silenced it. About noon the tanks withdrew to allow an air strike to be placed in the draw and then return to the attack in reinforced strength. Naval gunfire again silenced a 47mm gun that took the tanks under fire, this time before any damage was done. With the approach of darkness the tanks pulled out of the draw pursued by a fury of enemy fire. The 5th Marines, convinced "that the position would have to be thoroughly pounded before it could be taken," scheduled another day of tank-infantry processing for Wana Draw before making its assault. In the center, the battered 305th Regiment continued its relentless advance through the irregular terrain west of the main Ginowan-Shuri highway. Simultaneously, Colonel Hamilton's 307th Regiment finally relieved the exhausted 306th and launched simultaneous attacks on Flattop and Chocolate Drop Hill. The 3rd Battalion slowly maneuvered toward the northern base of the Drop and the north slopes of Flattop, while the 2nd Battalion advanced toward Ishimmi Ridge through the open highway valley. Concurrently, the 382nd Regiment supported the assault on Flattop with its own attack against Dick Hill, successfully capturing its crest but failing to cross the skyline. Meanwhile, the 383rd Regiment struggled to make progress against intense enemy fire from the hill complex southwest of Conical's peak, although some elements managed to advance up the northwest spur from King Hill amid thick mortar fire.  Now, it's time to shift our focus from Okinawa to the sea, where we will cover the last destroyer actions of the Second World War. At the beginning of February, with the Southwest Area Fleet staff isolated in the Philippines, Vice-Admiral Fukudome Shigeru formed the 10th Area Fleet to defend the shores of Indonesia and Indochina. The 10th Area Fleet was comprised of the remnants of the 2nd Striking Force. This consisted of the two converted battleship/aircraft carriers Ise and Hyuga, forming the carrier squadron, and the two heavy cruisers Ashigara and Haguro, forming the 5th Cruiser Division. Two more heavy cruisers, Takao and Myoko, were at Singapore where both had reached sanctuary after being badly damaged in the Battle of Leyte Gulf. Myoko had made one attempt to escape back to Japan in December 1944, but had been torpedoed by the US submarine Bergol on the 13th, and had then returned to Singapore. The cruiser Oyodo joined the fleet from February 5 to 20 and a fourth cruiser, Isuzu, joined on March 25 but lasted barely a fortnight before being sunk, on April 7, in a coordinated attack by the US submarines Charr, Gabilan and Besugo, with peripheral assistance from the British submarine Spark. In February Ise and Hyuga were also recalled and sailed on the 10th from Singapore, bound for Japan, carrying aviation spirit and other war materials. With such valuable cargoes the Japanese took great care to safeguard their passage and, by a combination of good luck and bad weather, both evaded numerous attacks by air and by submarine and reached Moji on the 19th. Haguro and Ashigara, and one old destroyer, Kamikaze, were now the only sizable warships left in the 10th Area Fleet to protect the troop evacuations. At this stage, the Japanese aimed to hold Java, Borneo, and Sumatra for as long as possible while planning their main defensive efforts in Malaya and Indochina. Consequently, they began withdrawing their garrisons from the outlying islands of the Moluccas, Timor, the Lesser Sunda Islands, and the scattered islands of the Panda and Arafura Seas. Anticipating a similar evacuation of Japanese garrisons in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Admiral Arthur Power's East Indies Fleet had dispatched destroyers on a series of anti-shipping sweeps in the Andaman Sea, successfully destroying several relief convoys. On May 10, Fukudome decided to commence the evacuation of the Andaman Islands, dispatching Vice-Admiral Hashimoto Shintaro's heavy cruiser Haguro and destroyer Kamikaze to deliver supplies to the islands and return with troops back to Singapore. Additionally, a secondary convoy consisting of one auxiliary vessel and one subchaser was organized to perform the same mission for the Nicobar Islands. As Allied intelligence uncovered these plans, Vice-Admiral Harold Walker's Force 61, primarily composed of the battleships Queen Elizabeth and Richelieu and four escort carriers, sailed from Trincomalee to intercept the Japanese ships. However, the Japanese were unwilling to risk a battle, and upon receiving an air reconnaissance warning, they returned to Singapore. Nonetheless, Walker decided to remain in the area, awaiting reinforcements in case the enemy regained the confidence to launch another sortie. On May 14, Fukudome finally resolved to carry out the evacuation again, this time first sending forward his secondary convoy to the Nicobars. This force managed to reach the islands unmolested during the day and successfully embarked 450 troops before setting sail for Penang, although they were later spotted by a patrolling Liberator. In response, Walker dispatched the 21st Aircraft Carrier Squadron and the 26th Destroyer Flotilla to conduct an air and sea sweep off Diamond Point aimed at intercepting and destroying the enemy. On the morning of May 15, some Avengers encountered Haguro and Kamikaze as they returned to the Malacca Strait. As Captain Manley Power's destroyers rushed to the area, three Avengers launched by the escort carrier Shah attacked Haguro with bombs in the afternoon, causing minimal damage that only compelled Haguro to alter its course eastward. However, this diversion effectively allowed the destroyer force to intercept Hashimoto's convoy during the night. As the flotilla closed in on the enemy during the early hours of May 16, Hashimoto reacted desperately by fleeing at full speed to the north, thwarting Power's carefully laid ambush. Soon after, however, Haguro turned to port, crossing paths with the destroyer Venus, which was closing in at full speed from the west. Surprisingly, Venus failed to launch its torpedoes, prompting Hashimoto to turn south and back into Power's trap.  Haguro's violent turn away changed the situation dramatically. Saumarez now found the enemy racing down towards her port side at a relative speed of nearly 60 MPH. Kamikaze, following astern of Haguro, passed so close in front of Saumarez from starboard to port that Captain Power had to swing his ship hard to starboard and back to port again to avoid her. Kamikaze passed very close down Saumarez' port side and was taken under fire by both main and close range armament. Opening with star-shell, Saumarez shifted fire to Haguro herself at 0108, the enemy replying with main and secondary armament. The two enemy ships could now be clearly identified from Saumarez' bridge, Haguro at about 5,000 yards and Kamikaze about 2,200 yards range. ‘We had a glimpse of the cruiser by starshell, but now it was dark. She looked pretty big and her direction easy to see by her bow-wave and wash. Inclination vague but obviously broad. I thought she was going very fast. Her side was shining like a wet wall, with the reflection of her own starshell from behind us, I think.' To Lt. Reay Parkinson, also in Saumarez, Haguro ‘seemed to tower above us like a sky-scraper and her guns were depressed to their lowest angle'. Haguro's fire was accurate and splashes from near misses drenched the bridge personnel, binoculars and sound-powered telephones. But, as Captain Power philosophically remarked, ‘if you are only getting wet there is nothing to worry about'. However, Saumarez was unfortunately not merely getting wet. At about 0111, when Captain Power was just considering turning to fire, ‘one boiler got hit. There was a lot of steam and smoke amidships and a sort of queer silence. The ship was obviously slowing down and I thought she was going to stop.' Saumarez' torpedo tubes had been trained to starboard, ready for the bow attack, with torpedoes angled to run 70° left. There was no time to train the tubes to port. Captain Power swung his ship to port ‘like a shotgun' and at 0113, as Saumarez was slowing down but still swinging hard to port, a salvo of eight torpedoes was fired at Haguro's beam, at a range of 2,000 yards. Still under heavy fire, Saumarez continued her turn to port to open the range, telegraphs being put to ‘Full Ahead' to get the utmost speed from whatever engine power remained. A minute after Saumarez' attack, Verulam made an unmolested attack from 2,000 yards on Haguro's port bow, firing eight torpedoes. Saumarez and Verulam were rewarded by three hits, shared between them  ‘very distinct, three gold-coloured splashes like a Prince of Wales' feathers, more than twice as high as her bridge'. Now Haguro was under fire from the destroyers and everywhere she turned there was another destroyer waiting. At 0125 Venus fired six torpedoes and scored one hit. Two minutes later Virago, ordered by Captain (D) to ‘Finish her off', fired a salvo of eight torpedoes and obtained two hits. She reported that the cruiser's upper deck was now awash. Missed torpedoes were racing all over the battle scene; in Venus, at the height of the action, the Engineer Officer and the Chief ERA in the engine-room actually heard the whirring sound of two torpedoes passing very close along the ship's side. Saumarez had retired some five miles to the north-west to collect herself and examine damage. The engine telegraphs were still at ‘Full Ahead', and Saumarez withdrew further than Captain Power had intended. Vigilant had been rather ‘left in the cold' and squeezed out by the other destroyers and was not able to attack until 0151 when she fired eight torpedoes, with one probable hit. Haguro was lying motionless in the water, in her last throes. ‘The rest of the flotilla were snarling round the carcass like a lot of starving wolves round a dying bull. I was too far away to make out what was going on and told them all except Vigilant (who I knew had torpedoes) to come away and join me, with a view to getting formed up and the situation in hand. Of course they did nothing of the sort. I should not have done myself.' Venus was ordered to ‘Close and make a job of it' and at 0202 administered the coup de grace with her two remaining torpedoes. At 0206 Venus signalled that the cruiser had sunk. Haguro had gone, in a position about forty-five miles south-west of Penang. Fifty miles away, Cumberland and Richelieu had had tantalising glimpses of starshell and lights but were too late to take part. Saumarez transmitted Vs for Victory and Captain Power signalled: ‘Pick up survivors. Stay no more than ten minutes.' Kamikaze sustained slight damage from the gunfire but managed to escape, returning the following day to rescue approximately 320 survivors. Nevertheless, over 900 Japanese soldiers lost their lives in the battle, including Vice-Admiral Hashimoto and Rear-Admiral Sugiura Kaju. While the evacuation of the Nicobar Islands was successful, the evacuation of the Andaman Islands proved to be a resounding failure. By the end of the war, with the food situation in the islands becoming critical, the Japanese committed several atrocities against the civilian population. This included the transportation of 300 so-called “useless mouths” to the uninhabited Havelock Island, off South Andaman, where all but eleven of them perished. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. During the intense Battle of the Malacca Strait, Japanese forces attempted a desperate evacuation, facing relentless Allied attacks. Despite fierce resistance, the Allies advanced strategically, leading to significant Japanese losses. Caught in critical confrontations, the Japanese ultimately succumbed, marking a pivotal moment in the Pacific war and shifting the tide toward Allied victory.

Denúncia do Conselheiro das Comunidades Portuguesas. Lamenta que se repita o atraso na chegada dos boletins de voto para as eleições de dia 18. Volta a subir a emigração para a Alemanha. Edição Isabel Gaspar Dias

Famed explorer and English Naval officer William Bligh was the victim of the mutiny of the HMS Bounty during a trip from Tahiti in 1789. But there's more to the story than just the mutiny…from the descendants of mutineers on Pitcairn Island, to Bligh and a crew of 18 navigated over 3,600 nautical miles in a small open boat to reach Timor in the Dutch East Indies, to the movies inspired by the mutiny.

At last, I am back with another episode for the podcast! So far this has been a difficult year for me. Not only has the weather been bad enough for my state to be declared a disaster area, but I lost my wife in January. For this episode, we finish our multi-episode look at the island of Timor, by covering its history in the late twentieth century. Now what place will we visit next?Do you think you would like to become a podcaster on Blubrry? Click here for the details on joining. Enter my promo code, HSEASIA, to let them know I sent you, and you will get the first month's hosting for free!Support this podcast!And here is the Podcast Hall of Fame page, to honor those who have donated already!Visit the Patreon page to become a long-term supporter of the podcast!

Op 20 mei 2002 verliet Oost-Timor gehavend het nest der rafelrandjes en vestigde zich als etymologische matroesjka tussen de onafhankelijke landen. Onderneem je zo'n stap, dan moet je wel wat unique selling points hebben om zichtbaar te zijn tussen alle reuzen waarmee je je omringt. En wij verklappen alvast, die hebben ze wel in Oost-Timor. Soms met veel trots, soms met tegenzin. Hoe het ze sindsdien vergaat? Laten we zeggen, met vallen en opstaan. Maar in deze oogverblindend mooie hoek van de wereld zijn wij erg blij dat de landkaart naast een paar reuzen ook bestaat uit wat kleintjes. Nog mooie varaantjes hier? ✋ Deze aflevering wordt mede mogelijk gemaakt door Lendahand, het Nederlandse crowdfundingplatform dat ondernemers in ontwikkelingslanden helpt. Begin met investeren en gebruik de code GROTEPODCASTLAS500 (bij het afrekenen van je order), en ervaar een positieve start met een garantie tot 500 euro.We zijn nooit volledig, wel origineel. Geen experts, maar wel liefhebbers. Hebben we tóch iets verkeerd gezegd of zijn we iets cruciaals vergeten? Volg ons en laat het weten.

Twenty-five years after their peacekeeping tour of duty in East Timor, Kiwi military veterans returned to visit the place and people among whom they worked

Marco Ferrari"Il partigiano che divenne imperatore"Laterza Editoriwww.laterza.itUn fantasma si aggira per l'Europa e per l'Africa. È il fantasma di un uomo che guida le Brigate internazionali in Spagna e poi attraversa i deserti del Sudan. Un fantasma che diventa imperatore d'Etiopia per conto di Hailé Selassié e guida i partigiani abissini contro i fascisti italiani. Questofantasma ha un nome, Ilio Barontini, e questa è la sua storia.Questo libro racconta una storia vera e dimenticata. Una storia in cui si respira l'odore acre del Novecento e che potrebbe uscire dalle pagine di Graham Greene. Siamo nel 1938, Ilio Barontini, comunista livornese, ha combattuto nella guerra di Spagna tanto da diventare l'eroe della battaglia di Guadalajara.A Parigi viene scelto dai servizi segreti francesi e britannici per una missione rischiosissima: organizzare le forze partigiane abissine che devono resistere alla conquista fascista. Infatti, Mussolini aveva conquistato con l'uso dell'iprite i villaggi e le città più importanti, la ferrovia Addis Abeba-Gibuti e le principali vie di comunicazione, ma una parte considerevole del territorio era ancora in mano agli arbegnuoc, i patrioti etiopi. Barontini – assieme ad Anton Ukmar, ex ferroviere sloveno di Gorizia conosciuto in Spagna, e a Bruno Rolla, comunista spezzino –formò un esercito di oltre 250 mila uomini composto da piccole formazioni mobili e venne nominato dal Negus viceimperatore di Abissinia. Dotato dello scettro imperiale, il comunista di Livorno tenne a bada i vari ras, portò a termine missioni importanti e pubblicò un giornale bilingue, “La voce degli Abissini”, tanto da diventare una leggenda.La missione terminò nel giugno 1940, quando i tre antifascisti italiani intrapresero la via del ritorno tra malattie e assalti di predoni. Si ritrovarono miracolosamente vivi a Khartum dove scattarono l'unica fotografia che li ritrae insieme.Marco Ferrari, giornalista e scrittore spezzino, ha esordito nella narrativa nel 1988 con il romanzo Tirreno (Editori Riuniti), a cui hanno fatto seguito: I sogni di Tristan,Grand Hotel Oceano eTi ricordi Glauber per Sellerio; La vera storia del mitico undici per Ponte alle Grazie; Cuore Atlantico e Morire a Clipperton per Mursia; Le nuvole di Timor per Cavallo di Ferro; Sirenate per Il Melangolo; Un tango per il duceper Voland; Rosalia Montmasson. L'angelo dei Mille per Mondadori.Con Arrigo Petacco ha firmato Ho sparato a Garibaldi e Caporetto per Mondadori e con Marino Magliani Sporca faccenda, mezzala Morettini per Atlantide. Per Laterza è autore di: Mare verticale. Dalle Cinque Terre a Bocca di Magra; L'incredibile storia di António Salazar, il dittatore che morì due volte; Ahi, Sudamerica! Oriundi, tango e fútbol; Alla rivoluzione sulla Due Cavalli. con Ritorno a Lisbona 50 anni dopo.IL POSTO DELLE PAROLEascoltare fa pensarewww.ilpostodelleparole.itDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/il-posto-delle-parole--1487855/support.

Compline by Candlelight provides peace and stillness as one week ends and another begins. Set in the tranquility of St. Paul's Chapel, one of the oldest buildings in New York City, guests find a seat and hold a candle, while 30 minutes of improvised music by The Choir of Trinity Wall Street fill the space. There's nothing to do but listen. Timor et tremor – Francis Poulenc

Grande maioria dos votos por correspondência de Timor-Leste não deverão contar, avisa Filipe Silva. Conselheiros das Comunidades Portuguesas da Ásia e da Europa reúnem-se amanhã. Edição Susana Barros

In questa puntata:- Focus: andiamo a est, molto a est, con Timor Est

Miten Euroopan puolustuskykyä pitäisi kehittää suhteessa Natoon? Keskustelemassa akatemiatutkija Timo Miettinen Helsingin yliopistosta sekä johtava tutkija Charly Salonius-Pasternak Ulkopoliittisesta instituutista. Lähetyksessä kuullaan myös tuoreimmat uutiset toimittaja Kirsi Crowleylta Lontoosta, missä Euroopan johtajat ovat olleet sunnuntaina koolla. Lähi-idän aselevon toisen vaiheen on määrä alkaa viikonloppuna. Mikä on tilanne Lähi-idässä nyt? Puhelimessa Ulkopoliittisen instituutin vanhempi tutkija Timo R. Stewart. Mistä Suomeen saadaan talouskasvua? Keskustelemassa kansanedustajat Sakari Puisto (ps.), Ville Valkonen (kok.), Markus Lohi (kesk.), Laura Meriluoto (vas.). Juontajana Atte Uusinoka, toimittajina Anssi Väisänen ja Rasmus Montonen, tuottajana Annette Blencowe.

In this episode, Stephan Levera interviews Ethan from Bitaroo, discussing the current state of Bitcoin in Australia, regulatory challenges, the importance of self-custody, and the evolving landscape of cryptocurrency exchanges. They explore the implications of regulations like the FATF and AFSL, the role of banks in facilitating or hindering Bitcoin transactions, and the need for consumer protection and self-responsibility in the crypto space. The conversation also touches on proof of reserves and market trends influencing Bitcoin adoption.Takeaways

Um escritor que foi jornalista. Um romancista que é argumentista. Um grande repórter que nos ofereceu frescos de impressões do cerco de Saraievo ou na missão de paz num barco até Timor. Rui Cardoso Martins, autor dr uma escrita única, de célebres crónicas judiciais onde se retrata a nossa sociedade e, não menos importante criador de frases como “penso eu de que” dita pela personagem do Contrainformação que representava o mais mítico dos presidentes de clubes de futebol portugueses. Esta edição está carregada de boas histórias. Aquelas histórias onde se responde à pergunta “Afinal o que está em causa aqui? Há conversas que nos fazem viajar no tempo, atravessar fronteiras e mergulhar em mundos que, à primeira vista, parecem distantes. A entrevista com Rui Cardoso Martins é uma dessas viagens. Ele é um contador de histórias nato. Seja na literatura, no jornalismo ou no humor, a sua escrita é um jogo constante entre a ironia e a profundidade, entre o detalhe do quotidiano e o impacto dos grandes acontecimentos da história recente. É um dos poucos escritores portugueses que transita com naturalidade entre registos tão diferentes como o romance, a crónica, o argumento de cinema e a televisão. Nesta conversa, percorremos a sua trajetória desde os primeiros passos no jornalismo, passando pela experiência como repórter internacional em cenários de guerra, até ao seu impacto no humor português e na literatura contemporânea. Uma Vida Entre a Palavra e o Mundo Rui Cardoso Martins começou no jornalismo nos anos 90, num momento de transformação da imprensa em Portugal. Foi um dos repórteres fundadores do jornal Público, onde aprendeu o ofício na escola dura das redações, entre máquinas de escrever, cigarros acesos e chefes de redação que gritavam ordens por cima das secretárias. Foi no Público que começou a construir uma assinatura própria, com uma escrita que misturava rigor e criatividade. Depressa percebeu que a notícia não era só uma questão de factos, mas também de como os factos eram contados. Ao longo dos anos, aprimorou um estilo que tornaria inconfundível: um olhar atento para o detalhe humano, uma ironia afiada e uma capacidade rara de transformar o banal em extraordinário. Mas o jornalismo não o manteve somente nas redações. Desde cedo, partiu para o terreno e viu de perto acontecimentos que moldaram a história recente. Esteve no cerco de Saraievo, testemunhou o medo e a fome de uma cidade destruída pela guerra. Acompanhou as primeiras eleições livres na África do Sul, um momento que simbolizou o fim do ‘apartheid' e o nascimento de uma nova democracia. E embarcou no Lusitânia Expresso, a missão de solidariedade que tentou furar o bloqueio a Timor-Leste. O contacto com a guerra, a violência e a injustiça foram marcantes. Mas talvez o mais impressionante seja a forma como nunca perdeu o sentido crítico nem a capacidade de encontrar humanidade mesmo nas situações mais brutais. O Humor Como Arma e o Impacto na Televisão Se o jornalismo lhe deu o rigor e o olhar clínico sobre a realidade, o humor deu-lhe uma outra ferramenta poderosa: a sátira. Rui Cardoso Martins foi um dos criadores de Contra-Informação, o programa que, durante anos, disse coisas que mais ninguém ousava dizer sobre a política portuguesa. Foi também um dos argumentistas de Herman Enciclopédia e ajudou a criar personagens e frases que se tornaram parte da cultura popular. Para muitos, o humor político em Portugal nunca foi tão ácido e certeiro como nessa altura. A televisão deu-lhe outro tipo de notoriedade e permitiu-lhe explorar um registo diferente. Mas, para Rui, a sátira nunca foi somente entretenimento. Sempre foi uma forma de resistência, de expor as contradições do poder e de obrigar o público a pensar. A Literatura e o Olhar para a Vida Real A dada altura, a escrita tornou-se o seu grande território. Primeiro com as crónicas judiciais Levante-se o Réu, onde transformou julgamentos banais em relatos literá...

Timor David Aklin was born into a Muslim Arab family in Jaffa. He underwent a profound transformation, ultimately converting to Orthodox Judaism—a decision that came with immense personal challenges and risks.For more, you can follow the show on Instagram @GraceforimpactpodcastProduced by Peoples Media Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Soldiers from the Australian Army have conducted a gun salute in Darwin to mark the 83rd anniversary today of the bombing of the city in 1942. 235 people died when the Northern Territory capital was attacked in two separate raids by Japanese forces, in hopes of stopping the Allies from using it to contest their Timor and Java invasions. - 1942年にノーザン・テリトリーの首都、ダーウィンが空襲を受けてから今日で83周年を迎えたことを踏まえ、オーストラリア陸軍の兵士たちが、ダーウィンで弔いのために礼砲を行いました。日本軍は、彼らのティモールとジャワへの侵攻をダーウィンで阻止しようとする連合国軍を妨害するため、ダーウィンを2度空襲し、235人が死亡しました。

In 1944 a special Japanese unit, the 'Matsu Kikan' ('Matsu' meaning Pine Tree) was tasked with gathering intelligence on bases and allied air activity in Northern Australia. Sailing from Timor in a disguised fishing vessel the 'Hiyoshi Maru', the team, all experienced in unconventional warfare, successfully made landfall in Western Australia and conducted a reconnaissance in the remote Kimberley region before returning to Koepang.

ALLsportsradio deed deze week dagelijks live-verslag vanaf het ABN AMRO Open. De uitzendingen van ALLsportsradio LIVE! stonden geheel in het teken van dit grootste indoor tennistoernooi van Europa in Rotterdam Ahoy. Tijdens de achtste en tevens laatste dag sprak Robert Denneman met de beide toernooidirecteuren, Richard Krajicek en Esther Vergeer, om met hun terug te blikken op het toernooi. Daarnaast schoof Timor Steffens aan, die als creative director de show voor de finale gemaakt heeft; en was ook Jan Kooijman te gast, die naast fervent tennisliefhebber, ook al sinds jaar en dag toernooiambassadeur is. Richard Krajicek, Esther Vergeer, Timor Steffens en Jan Kooijman hoorde je tijdens ALLsportsradio LIVE! Het sportmagazine hoor je normaliter doordeweeks tussen 12:00 en 13:00 uur en deze week tussen 17:00 en 18:00 uur via www.allsportsradio.nl/player! Welke sport het ook is en op wat voor een niveau dan ook: als het verhaal goed is, hoor je het hier.

Hear about travel to Timor-Leste as the Amateur Traveler talks to Jonty Crane about this small out of the way tropical country where he is doing volunteer work. Why should you go to Timor-Leste? Jonty says, "... Because nobody else goes if that's your thing. It was quite a shock when I went to Australia, and there were tourists. Whereas going around Timor, there's almost no tourists. So that's a bonus. And it has world-class snorkeling, world-class diving, world-class hiking." Jonty recommends an itinerary for Timor-Leste that spans approximately a week, balancing time in Dili, nearby islands, and exploring the mainland. Here's the suggested breakdown: Day 1-2: Dili Explore Dili City: Visit Timorese Resistance Archive and Museum for an overview of the country's history. Stop by Santa Cruz Cemetery, the site of the 1991 massacre. Take a walk in Tasitolu, an area with three lakes, significant for bird watching and local culture. Cristo Rei of Dili: Hike up to the iconic 27-meter statue of Jesus Christ. Enjoy panoramic views of Dili and surrounding beaches. Relax at nearby beaches like Cristo Rei Beach or Back Beach for snorkeling. Dili Traditional Dishes: Try local cuisine at restaurants like Pro Ema or Dilicious Timor. ... https://amateurtraveler.com/travel-to-timor-leste/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

O Presidente de Timor-Leste, José Ramos Horta, participou no Fórum Económico Mundial de Davos, destacando a importância da digitalização para a juventude timorense e a adesão do país à ASEAN. A adesão plena de Timor-Leste à ASEAN é "uma prioridade" e deve ocorrer no mês de Maio, afirmou José Ramos Horta. Esta é a sua segunda participação no Fórum de Davos. Qual é o interesse em se deslocar a este evento?José Ramos Horta: Creio que esta é a minha quarta participação: participei no início da independência de Timor-Leste, enquanto ministro dos Negócios Estrangeiros. Depois, participei em 2014, quando era representante especial do secretário-geral da ONU para a Guiné-Bissau e depois, em 2023, já como Presidente e agora de novo. A evolução da situação mundial é óbvia, para melhor nalgumas áreas, como a digitalização e a inteligência artificial. Mas, noutras áreas, obviamente, em outra dimensão, muito grave. Começamos em 2020 com a pandemia, com grande impacto nas economias nacionais, um empobrecimento ainda maior dos já pobres, recursos catastróficos em relação aos progressos registados na luta contra a pobreza, e depois, como se isso não bastasse, têm havido grandes catástrofes naturais, inundações graves, incluindo no meu país, dois anos seguidos, inundações e incêndios graves que quase se tornaram um fenómeno anual.Como se tudo isto não bastasse, a Rússia decidiu invadir a Ucrânia, e isso impactou não só a Ucrânia em si e a própria Rússia, mas também impactou a economia mundial, com a subida dramática dos preços de produtos de consumo de primeira necessidade, sobretudo nos países em vias de desenvolvimento. Temos agora a eleição do Presidente Donald Trump, o que oferece algumas perspectivas positivas, talvez, vamos ver, e outras que levantam profundas preocupações.Donald Trump começou o seu discurso, de ontem, a convidar os empresários presentes em Davos a produzirem nos Estados Unidos. Esta é uma declaração que vem confirmar esta política proteccionista norte-americana.Exacto, mas é natural, obviamente, convidar investidores a investir nos Estados Unidos. É óbvio que qualquer país faz isso, e os Estados Unidos oferecem condições que muitos outros não oferecem. É um mercado riquíssimo, que dá muitas facilidades aos investidores. A economia americana continua forte, o desemprego quase inexistente. Embora os Estados Unidos tenham graves problemas sociais, como milhões de pessoas sem casa, milhões de pessoas a viver em extrema pobreza e violência em muitas cidades americanas. Mas violência a sério, não é um mar de rosas.Mencionou a importância da adaptação à tecnologia, à inteligência artificial para a população jovem de Timor-Leste nesta participação em Davos. De que forma o governo do seu país está a acompanhar esta transformação digital?Estamos a acompanhar e, creio, este ano haverá grandes progressos. O cabo submarino que nos liga à Austrália e a outros países do mundo está em vias de conclusão e de entrar em funcionamento. Estamos ligados ao Starlink. As infraestruturas básicas estão a decorrer. Vamos dar um grande salto em frente neste domínio. Os jovens timorenses têm muita inclinação para a área de ciências, tecnologia e informática. Temos cada vez mais timorenses a viver no exterior, na Austrália, na Coreia do Sul, na China, claro, no Reino Unido, em Portugal.Durante esta sua participação na sessão sobre a Associação das Nações do Sudoeste Asiático, saudou o trabalho da organização e perguntava-lhe sobre o roteiro implementado pela ASEAN para adesão plena de Timor-Leste vai acontecer em Maio?É uma prioridade absoluta para nós. A adesão à integração plena na economia regional e na diplomacia regional deve acontecer em Maio e vai elevar a voz de Timor-Leste dentro de uma organização que tem cerca de 700 milhões de pessoas, muito maior que a União Europeia e quase todo o continente africano, que tem mais de mil milhões de pessoas. Só a ASEAN tem quase 700 milhões. Depois tem uma economia de trilhões de dólares, com uma população jovem, como a nossa, que é a mais jovem de todo o Sudeste Asiático, de toda a Ásia, com uma população cada vez mais educada. Nos próximos anos, Timor-Leste vai beneficiar muito da nossa integração regional.A região da Ásia-Pacífico enfrenta várias tensões geopolíticas, mas o seu país continua a ser uma das excepções felizes.Claro, obviamente os outros países da região têm 50, 60, 70 anos de existência. Timor-Leste tem 25 anos de existência. Nos últimos 20 anos, desde a independência, houve transformações dramáticas que muitos idiotas que escrevem ou falam sobre Timor não dão conta, porque não leem, não pesquisam dados simples. Em 2002, nós tínhamos um doutorado. Hoje temos centenas de doutorados das melhores universidades da região e do mundo. Em 2002, nós tínhamos 19 médicos. Hoje temos 1300 médicos. Em 2002, tínhamos praticamente electricidade só em Dili. Hoje, a electrificação atinge 97% do território nacional. Em 2002, a esperança de vida de um timorense era inferior a 60 anos. Hoje ronda os 70 anos. Esses são os grandes progressos feitos desde a independência.Esteve esta semana em Davos, na Suíça. Qual é a visibilidade que teve a lusofonia e a Ásia neste encontro mundial?Diria que Timor-Leste é o único país, ou um entre muito poucos países de dimensão demográfica semelhante à de Timor-Leste, com pouco mais de 1 milhão de habitantes e uma economia ainda muito pequena, que tem uma participação activa neste grande fórum. Como Prémio Nobel da Paz e como pessoa que tem uma rede de contactos mundiais, fui convidado pessoalmente pelo professor Klaus Schwab, que é amigo, e que conheço há mais de 20 anos. Eu nem sequer estava interessado em vir mais uma vez a Davos, mas foi o professor Schwab, o Presidente do Fórum, que insistiu para eu participar, para diversificar os debates, para não ser tudo sobre a Ucrânia, mas também sobre outros países do mundo, sobre outros problemas, mas também sobre outras possibilidades e oportunidades.Timor-Leste é um país mais democrático. Hoje, na Ásia, com o ranking em liberdade de imprensa, é o melhor entre todos os países do Terceiro Mundo. Timor-Leste é o único país do Terceiro Mundo, dos países em vias de desenvolvimento, que está no ranking entre os primeiros 20. Em 2023, nós estávamos entre os primeiros dez. Portugal estava em 9º, Timor-Leste em 10º. Enquanto a França, Inglaterra em 27º,  Alemanha estavam depois, os Estados Unidos em 40º, Itália e Austrália. Timor é o único de todos os países em vias de desenvolvimento de mais de 100 que está nos primeiros dez. É a melhor democracia da Ásia. Portanto, isso chama a atenção.Timor-Leste é um dos poucos países do mundo com uma dívida externa muito pequena. 13% do nosso PIB é investido no Tesouro americano. Daí que insistem para a nossa participação. Eu creio que Moçambique, Angola, Cabo Verde, São Tomé e Príncipe, Guiné-Bissau não estiveram em Davos. Portugal esteve. Eu estive com o senhor ministro dos Estrangeiros. O Brasil, creio que não, nem da Guiné Equatorial. Portanto, eu creio que em Davos, apenas Portugal e eu próprio estivemos, e participei em inúmeros ateliers. Talvez tenha sido a pessoa que mais participou, em números, em alguns debates fechados.O Presidente norte-americano pediu à Arábia Saudita e à OPEP para baixarem o preço do petróleo para acabar com a guerra na Rússia e na Ucrânia. Esta estratégia fará sentido, a seu ver?Não me parece que a Arábia Saudita e os outros países da OPEP vão digerir essa proposta do Presidente Trump. Numa situação dessas, seria uma punição em relação à Rússia. Isto é, forçar artificialmente a baixa do preço do petróleo para punir a Rússia é, obviamente, algo complicado.A Rússia é um dos maiores produtores mundiais e depende muito do petróleo. Tem relações excelentes com os outros países e a Arábia Saudita está numa fase de grande desenvolvimento, industrialização e investimento. Internamente, não pode dar-se ao luxo de baixar artificialmente o preço do petróleo, porque há um excesso de produção mundial. Obviamente, não há outra forma. Mas forçar artificialmente a baixa do preço do petróleo... Eu creio que a Arábia Saudita e os outros não vão fazer isso. Seria muito difícil para esses países, numa situação actual, com grandes dificuldades na economia mundial.

Năm 2004 chứng kiến một trong những chiến dịch Olympic thành công nhất của Úc. Đây cũng là một năm thành công đối với John Howard, người đã giành chiến thắng trong cuộc bầu cử thứ tư của mình. Nhưng không phải là không có thách thức - khi lý do chính đáng cho Chiến tranh Iraq biến mất và vụ Úc nghe lén Đông Timor bị bại lộ. Hàng ngàn Tài liệu Nội các từ năm 2004 đã được công bố, hé lộ phần nào về nội tình bên trong Chính phủ Howard.

Merry Christmas, if you're inclined to observe that holiday! For this episode of the podcast, we go back to Timor, at the eastern fringe of Southeast Asia, and look at its history during World War II.Do you think you would like to become a podcaster on Blubrry? Click here for the details on joining. Enter my promo code, HSEASIA, to let them know I sent you, and you will get the first month's hosting for free!Support this podcast!And here is the Podcast Hall of Fame page, to honor those who have donated already!Visit the Patreon page to become a long-term supporter of the podcast!

Schoonmaken is voor Isa... een spraytje hier, een spraytje daar. Wat zou beter zijn? Dát of wat Marc-Marie doet: gele doekjes doormidden knippen. Er worden weer lugubere verhalen gedeeld (iets met een kind en een la), we beoordelen boten zonder ramen en Timor - in adamskostuum - bleek wéér een natuurmens.

Xanana Gusmão, primeiro presidente eleito de Timor-Leste após a independência, lamenta o estado atual do mundo, descrevendo-o como "horrível" e afastado das esperanças que tinha no passado. "Não era este o mundo que esperávamos quando estávamos numa guerra esquecida", afirma, recordando o período de resistência timorense. "A lei internacional apregoada pelos grandes é violada pelos mesmos que a apregoam. Caso ofenda os seus interesses, a lei não existe". Num mundo permeado por "injustiças e intolerância", Xanana Gusmão recorda ainda a recente visista do secretário-geral da ONU, António Guterres, a Timor: "Ele diz e nós concordamos. O problema está no sistema financeiro". See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

World renowned Shark expert returns to the show after his shark expedition to Indonesia, Northern Australia and Timor

1. Maria Agresta 2. Angel Blue 3. Saioa Hernandez 4. Angela Meade 5. Anna Pirozzi 6. Maria José Siri 7. Krassimira Stoyanova 8. Rachel Willis-Sørensen

1. Maria Parazzini 2. Françoise Pollet 3. Orianna Santunione 4. Lynne Strow Piccolo 5. Sharon Sweet 6. Ilona Tokody 7. Amber Wagner 8. Felicia Weathers

1. Horiana Branistenau 2. Marcella De Osma 3. Seta Del Grande 4. Susan Dunn 5. Galina Gorchakova 6. Ljilijana Molnar-Talajic 7. Silvia Mosca

1. Martina Arroyo 2. Grace Bumbry 3. Montserrat Caballé 4. Anja Harteros 5. Gwyneth Jones 6. Anna Netrebko 7. Sondra Radvanovsky 8. Renata Scotto 9. Anna Tomowa-Sintow 10. Julia Varady

Your task here is to identify the ten samples drawn from the sixteen sopranos listed below. Lucine Amara Maria Chiara Elizabeth Connell Michele Crider Cristina Deutekom Ghena Dimitrova Angeles Gulin Rita Hunter Jennifer Rowley Eva Marton Lotte Rysanek Sylvia Sass Elena Souliotis Cheryl Studer Astrid Varnay Mara Zampieri

On this week's Episode 101:  I spoke with Rod Henderson former 3RAR Paratrooper & Army Aviation Loadmaster. Rod spent a total of 22 years within the Australian Defence Force both serving as a paratrooper with the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, he was part of Operation Interfet, in 1999 the Australian-led International Force East Timor. Rod then transferred to Army Aviation, working with Black Hawks and Chinooks, including as a door gunner. Rod has deployed on warlike and humanitarian operations to Timor, Pakistan, New Guinea, and Afghanistan. He's now a volunteer guide at the Australian War Memorial. Recently Rod published his autobiography called “Stop Screaming I'm Scared Too” An Australian Soldier's Story, out now!! Presenter: Adam Blum Guest: Rod Henderson Editor: Kyle Watkins Investigative Consultant: Adam Holloway

Dili, Timor Oriental, Encuentro del Papa Francisco con los Jóvenes en el «Centro de Convenções»PARA VERLO Y ESCUCHARLO, pincha aquí: 

Timor Oriental ha sido la tercera parada del viaje que el Papa Francisco está realizando por Asia y Oceanía. El sumo pontífice hace así un guiño a los "países de la periferia", especialmente a este joven estado,que cuenta con una población casi totalmente católica. Sin embargo, la celebrada visita no estuvo exenta de polémica y tensó la "diplomacia vaticana", con la figura del antiguo obispo Carlos Xiemenes Belo, premio Nobel de la Paz y héroe nacional acusado de violar y abusar de menores. El Papa Francisco terminó con una misa multitudinaria su esperada visita a Timor Oriental. En ella tampoco habló de manera específica del caso que ha traído la polémica a este desplazamiento al pequeño país asiático, cuya población es casi absolutamente católica: más de un 95%.Se trata del escándalo del antiguo Obispo de Dili, Carlos Ximenes Belo. Premio Nobel de la Paz en 1996, está considerado un héroe nacional por su activismo durante la guerra de independencia de Indonesia, el Vaticano reconoció posteriormente que cometió numerosos casos de pederastia en los 80 y 90 y le sacó del país, prohibiéndole regresar y entablar contactos con menores.En esta visita, el Papa francisco se limitó a pedir a su llegada vigilancia para evitar que los jóvenes sufran abusos, pero nunca mencionó al exobispo. Una oportunidad perdida para Anne Barrett Doyle, co-fundadora de la ONG 'Bishop Accountability', que documenta los abusos sexuales de autoridades de la Iglesia Católica.El Papa, a su juicio, deja a las víctimas indefensas ante la popularidad de Belo: "Las víctimas del obispo Belo se encuentran en una situación muy sombría en Timor Oriental. La mayoría de la población no los cree o se considera que esos crímenes no son importantes en comparación con lo que el obispo Belo hizo por el pueblo durante la ocupación indonesia"."Creo que esas víctimas están en peligro y el Papa tiene el poder de declarar que sus afirmaciones son válidas y que el obispo Belo es un hombre culpable. El Papa debe declarar de manera inequívoca y específica que el obispo Belo es culpable de delitos sexuales contra niños y que el pueblo de Timor Oriental debe prestar atención a las víctimas, respetarlas y hacerlas sentir seguras en su propio país", añade.Leer tambiénEl papa enfrenta el doloroso tema de la pederastia en Timor OrientalDe hecho, el presidente de Timor Oriental José Ramos Horta llegó a advertir públicamente al vaticano que no era el momento de remover el pasado.Anne Barrett Doyle destaca igualmente el contraste con el caso en Francia del fallecido Abate Pierre, el fundador de Emaus, a quien su propia fundación ha condenado públicamente por sus decenas de casos de abuso sexual: "Es absolutamente impactante cuando se revela que un héroe es un depredador sexual. Un héroe o un santo, porque algunos consideraban que el abate Pierre era un santo. Ahora vemos que era un depredador sexual en serie. Es realmente fantástico que ahora esté saliendo a la luz."No puedo evitar comparar la reacción en Francia con la reacción popular en Timor Oriental, con las revelaciones de que el antiguo Obispo Belo es un depredador sexual. Desde la distancia parece que las víctimas de abate Pierre están recibiendo afirmación, validación y apoyo de la Iglesia, aunque sea tardíamente, y de la gente", concluye al respecto.La ciudad-estado de Singapur será la última etapa del papa, que comenzó el pasado 3 de septiembre y que concluirá el próximo día 13. 

Send us a textOn today's Zero Limits Podcast I chat with Wayne Weeks Special Air Service Regiment operator retiring after reaching the position of RSM SASR.Wayne joined the military on the 6th April 1988, after completing year 12 and served a total of 33 years.  Wayne started out his career in the Corps of Signals for the first couple of years and during his time at Signals, He heard about the SAS and what you had to do to get there, as well as the roles and tasks they performed. Wayne attempted and passed selection in 1992, after which he completed a series of specialist courses that were required to become a qualified operator.Wayne spent a couple of years in the UK (Special Boat Service) and deployed with them and SASR with 15 overseas deployments with SASR. From Kuwait, Timor, Iraq, Afghan and Belize through to Balkans, Solomon Islands, Cambodia and Bougainville, he managed peacekeeping efforts and stabilisation operations across multiple task missions.Wayne with other SASR operators are working towards making the tell all documentary Bravery & Betrayal.A truth telling documentaryIt has been over a decade since the last SASR combat operation in Afghanistan, and over two years since the disastrous coalition retreat from Kabul. This lost war in Afghanistan has become the SAS's Vietnam. SAS soldiers, some with as much combat experience as their Anzac forebears from World War I and II, now find themselves fighting on a new battlefield – a war for their legacies. Maligned, scapegoated, and callously discarded by their own leadership, the men of the SASR have suffered in silence until now. With your help, a small group of highly respected SASR veterans will embark on a mission of national importance.The aim: to produce a documentary that lays bare the human dimension of this war and its impact on those who did the heaviest lifting.Donate below to help get this documentary completedhttps://the-wandering-warriors.giveeasy.org/bravery-and-betrayalwww.getsome.com.auInstagram @getsome_auDiscount Code ZEROLIMITS www.3zeroscoffee.com.auInstargram @3zeroscoffee Discount Code 3ZLimits Website - www.zerolimitspodcast.comInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/zero.limits.podcast/?hl=en

At last, Episode 135 of the podcast is ready for your listening pleasure. This episode is longer than most, and here we continue our coverage of the island of Timor, looking at its history in the first forty years of the twentieth century.Do you think you would like to become a podcaster on Blubrry? Click here for the details on joining. Enter my promo code, HSEASIA, to let them know I sent you, and you will get the first month's hosting for free!Support this podcast!And here is the Podcast Hall of Fame page, to honor those who have donated already!Visit the Patreon page to become a long-term supporter of the podcast!

Tuần này đánh dấu 25 năm kể từ khi cuộc trưng cầu dân ý do Liên Hợp Quốc dẫn đầu quyết định sự độc lập của Đông Timor khỏi sự kiểm soát của Indonesia. Úc đã đóng một vai trò then chốt trong vai trò gìn giữ hòa bình giúp đảo quốc này tiến hành trưng cầu dân ý thành công. Tổng thư ký Liên hợp quốc đã có mặt tại Đông Timor để kỷ niệm sự kiện ngày độc lập của đảo quốc này.

Timor Oriental logró la independencia tras casi un cuarto de siglo de una violenta ocupación militar por parte de Indonesia y más de 400 años de colonización portuguesa. Para ello se llevó a cabo un referéndum auspiciado por Naciones Unidas del que se cumplen 25 años. En 1999, una abrumadora mayoría de la población votó a favor de la independencia de Indonesia. En las semanas siguientes, la milicia antiindependentista apoyada por el ejército indonesio llevó a cabo una campaña en la que 1.400 personas murieron y 300.000 fueron desplazadas. Alberto Pena es catedrático en la Universidad de Vigo y autor de Propaganda política, derechos humanos e independencia nacional: el caso de Timor Oriental.Escuchar audio

Tous les soirs de 22h15 à 1h, les auditeurs se livrent à l'écoute bienveillante de Valérie Darmon, du lundi au jeudi, et de Sana Blanger du vendredi au dimanche. Venez partager leurs questionnements, leurs doutes, mais aussi leurs joies et leurs belles histoires. Un moment d'échange en toute liberté, sans jugement ni tabous. Si vous aussi vous souhaitez témoigner, laissez vos coordonnées en appelant Europe 1 au : 01 80 20 39 21. Numéro non surtaxé.

Tous les soirs de 22h15 à 1h, les auditeurs se livrent à l'écoute bienveillante de Valérie Darmon, du lundi au jeudi, et de Sana Blanger du vendredi au dimanche. Venez partager leurs questionnements, leurs doutes, mais aussi leurs joies et leurs belles histoires. Un moment d'échange en toute liberté, sans jugement ni tabous. Si vous aussi vous souhaitez témoigner, laissez vos coordonnées en appelant Europe 1 au : 01 80 20 39 21. Numéro non surtaxé.

"Larry seizes an opportunity to avoid Irma as he's roped into Jeff's latest apology tour." -Original Air Date: 12/19/2021- This week we're talking about Igor, Gregor, & Timor, what actually is goulash, a joke that would have been so much better if they had kept the actual name of a building and specifically in the universe of Curb - how rich is Larry David? This is No Hugging, No Learning, the show about one thing...watching Curb Your Enthusiasm for the first time. Want more NHNL? Next week's episode drops early on Patreon! You can now join the It's a Hyundai tier for FREE for the first 7 days, and then just $5/month after that. You'll get every episode one week early with all of the extra content that we usually clip out of each release and movie reviews from the Seinfeld Extended Universe. We just dropped our newest exclusive movie review for Robin Hood: Men in Tights...which Ted has never seen before! Join Us at patreon.com/nohugging Wanna start your own podcast? Do it with Libsyn and get up to 2 months free podcasting service with our Libsyn code HUGGING. Get a FREE No Hugging, No Learning sticker by giving us a 5 star rating and a written review wherever you listen to this! Just be sure to send us your address! Email us: nohuggingnolearningshow@gmail.com Follow us!  @nohugging on X @nohugging_nolearning on Instagram Music: Curb Your Enthusiasm Theme Song Remix by robloxgreat (rip)

Es una de las ciudades principales del Top End australiano, el extremo septentrional de este enorme e indómito país. Darwin, capital del Territorio del Norte, es una población mediana de clima tropical y aire relajado. La exuberancia de su flora y fauna, la abundancia de parques nacionales en sus alrededores como Litchfield y Kakadu, junto con el legado de los aborígenes larrakia, hace de este destino una parada muy especial. Solo hay que prestar un poco de atención para evitar un inoportuno encontronazo con los peligrosos cocodrilos marinos, sobre todo a pie de playa en Mindil o Casuarina Beach. A lo largo de nuestro viaje la veterinaria Marta Calvo, residente durante 8 años en Darwin, nos aporta detalles sobre estos formidables reptiles, que podemos contemplar sin riesgo en lugares como Crocosaurus Cove o en los cruceros del río Adelaide. Conocemos también en nuestra ruta al colombiano Benjamin Poveda, que trabaja para el gobierno regional, y a otras españolas afincadas en esta pequeña capital bañada por el mar de Timor: Carmen Luque, Anais Shardlow y Chusa Eito.Escuchar audio

I wanted to produce a podcast episode in May, and here it is, on the last day of the month! Today we continue our extended look at the island of Timor, by covering its history in the nineteenth century.Do you think you would like to become a podcaster on Blubrry? Click here for the details on joining. Enter my promo code, HSEASIA, to let them know I sent you, and you will get the first month's hosting for free!Support this podcast!And here is the Podcast Hall of Fame page, to honor those who have donated already!Visit the Patreon page to become a long-term supporter of the podcast!

Last time we spoke about the beginning of Operation Ichi-Go, the war in the Burma front and the war in New Guinea. Hundreds of thousands of IJA troops stormed countless areas in China. Chiang Kai-Shek was caught somewhat with his pants down, his best men were in Burma, there was little his defenders could do against such raw power. Xuchang fell and soon the Japanese were marching upon Luoyang. Over in Burma the British, Indian, American and Chinese alliance was continuing to both attack and defend. In the north Stilwell led the offensive, while Slim led the defensive in the south. The Chindits fought like lions to defend White City, but ultimately would give up strongholds to seek out new ones. Over in New Guinea the Japanese continued their frantic retreat under heavy pressure from the Australians. As bad as the situation was, the Japanese were in for another nasty surprise in Green Hell. This episode is the invasion of Western New Guinea Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.  Last week we saw the effective conclusion of the Eastern New Guinea Campaign. It was a colossal campaign beginning with the Australian defense along the Kokoda Track, then the blood battle of Buna-Gona, the drive upon Lae-Salamaua, the march north upon the Huon Peninsula and Finisterres, and after taking Madang it was finally over. Yet while the book was closing upon Eastern New Guinea, the book on Western New Guinea was just about to be opened.  The pace of the offensive against the Japanese in New Guinea accelerated greatly in the first half of 1944. This was primarily because General MacArthur feared unless he made quick progress he would lose the reins over where the allies would drive upon the Japanese home islands. MacArthur of course sought to advance upon the Philippines, while the Joint Chiefs favored the Navy's central thrust more so. Despite MacArthur's continuous war against his colleagues and superiors and his continuous complaining he lacked support, he had been provided the means to carry out numerous amphibious assaults that could lead to his ultimate goal. MacArthur's operations against New Britain, Saidor, Los Negros and Manus clearly indicated allied superiority over the Japanese in terms of men, ships and airpower. By April of 1944, MacArthur had nearly 750,000 men under his command. His major components were 6 US infantry divisions, one cavalry division, 3 separate regiment combat teams and 3 special brigades. The Australians were gradually being relegated into a secondary role, but could still provide 5 additional divisions and enough separate brigades to form another 2 divisions. General Kenney's air force had grown so large, they could now mount 200 aircraft raids against a variety of targets with little fear of Japanese retaliation. What MacArthur needed was more and more forward airfields so he could hurl fighters and bombers deeper into the Japanese inner perimeter. In a lot of respects, the Japanese position in New Guinea was all but hopeless. Although they still had more than 350,000 troops in the Southwest Pacific area, many were isolated with little chance of receiving reinforcements or supplies. There was also an enormous amount of confusion amongst the various commands, made difficult by enormous distance and the lack of effective naval power. Overall command of Japanese forces as far as Wewak was technically under Lt General Fusataro Tshima, whose HQ was at Manokwari on the Vogelkop Peninsula. It was Tshima who ordered General Adachi to withdraw his 18th Army over to the Hollandia area. Fortunately for MacArthur, Adachi procrastinated heavily, believing a landing would be made at Hansa Bay. All of the heavy bombing by the 5th air force against the coast near Wewak supported his beliefs. Not too long ago we spoke about Operations Reckless and Persecution, the invasion of Hollandia and Aitape. Admiral Barbey had already departed the staging points and rendezvous northwest of Manus Island by April 20th. The large convoys sailed west from the Admiralty Islands until dusk, whence they turned southwest towards Hollandia. Admiral Mitscher's Task Force 58 was providing escort while also launching strikes against Wakde, Sarmi and Sentani airfields on April 21st. Over the next three days the carrier aircraft neutralized the remaining airpower in the Wakde-Sarmi area. Early on the 22nd, the two task forces separated, with the Persecution Task Force heading southeast towards Aitape and the rest, designated Reckless Task Force, proceeded to a point 20 miles offshore between Humboldt and Tanahmerah Bay. Now the allied troops were ready to hit the beaches, but awaiting them was a large concentration of Japanese…however it was mostly a concentration of Japanese personnel rather than combat troops. While initial attention was focussed on the Geelvink Bay area, the 2nd Area Army command was also concerned over the weak condition of the defenses of Hollandia, which lay just east of the 140th meridian in the 8th Area Army zone of responsibility. An order to dispatch an element of the 36th Division to that sector was issued but was quickly revoked on the ground that it would weaken the defenses of Geelvink Bay without appreciably strengthening Hollandia. A large section of the New Guinea coast between Wewak and Sarmi thus remained practically undefended. General Anami promptly dispatched a staff mission to 8th Area Army headquarters at Rabaul to press for reinforcement of the Hollandia area, and a similar recommendation was communicated to Imperial General Headquarters during December. Two battalions of the 6th South Seas Detachment, temporarily stationed on Palau, were dispatched by the High Command. This force arrived in Hollandia on March 4, but numbered only 240 men, since approximately 1000 men, including the detachment commander, had been lost en route to submarine attacks. No other action was taken, however, since both 8th Area Army and 18th Army, after the loss of Finschhafen, were more immediately concerned with checking further enemy penetration of the Dampier Strait region. Thus roughly 10,000 IJA and 1000 IJN personnel were at Hollandia, most support units led by Major-General Kitazono Toyozo and aviation units from General Inada's 6th air division. When Tsihima ordered Adachi over to the Hollandia area and he procrastinated, this prompted the leader of the 2nd Area Army, General Korechika Anami over at Davao to become concerned. Anami sent his chief of staff over to Wewak to convince Adachi to pull out, but when Adachi finally began withdrawing, he only had two regiment on the trail by the time of the American landings against Hollandia and Aitape. Major General Toyozo Kitazono only arrived in the area 10 days before the invasion and for an unexplained reason never officially took command. This is why Tshima's appointed air officers, Inada ended up being thrown the command. Inada only really had 500 effective combat troops, mostly from the 6th South Seas Detachment. These units belonged to General Anami Korechika's 2nd Area Army, which had been transferred recently from Manchuria to oversee the defense of the eastern Dutch East Indies and western New Guinea, and for the projected and later canceled invasion of northern Australia. Random note, I recently made a Youtube short mocking that canceled australian invasion on my youtube channel, it was a wild idea. Thus Anami's command was now formally around the 2nd, 18th and 19th armies. Lt General Kitano Kenzo's 19th Army had been garrisoning Timor, the Lesser Sunda Islands, Sumbawa, the Banda Sea Islands and some key points in Northwestern New Guinea with their HQ located at Ambon. Lt General Tshima Fusutaro's 2nd Army as I had mentioned was assigned overall defense of Western New Guinea, with Lt General Tagami Hachiro's 36th Division landing at Sarmi and Biak in early March and Lt General Ikeda Shunkichi's 35th Division preparing to come to Manokwari. The 14th Division originally part of the 2nd Army was diverted to defender Palau. Furthermore, to further support  the 2nd Area Army was Vice-Admiral Endo Yoshikazu's 9th Fleet, three southern expeditionary fleets, and the 7th Air Division of Lt General Sudo Einosuke. At Hollandia, the headquarters of Admiral Endo and Generals Kitazono and Inada had arrived at the same time by mid April. Though General Adachi had placed Kitazono in formal command of all units there, the transport commander had no time, as to develop a comprehensive defense plan for Hollandia, thus as I previously mentioned, command really fell onto Inada and Endo. The Japanese would be woefully unprepared for what was to come.  Over at Aitape, meanwhile, there were only a handful of replacements from the 20th Division, along with some naval and support personnel, so the situation looked even wrose for the 1000-man garrison. Preceding the amphibious assaults, Admiral Crutchley's surface fleet was going shell the Tanahmerah Bay area while Admiral Mitscher's carrier planes bombed the waters off the Tanahmerah beaches to explode possible mines, also finishing off the Hollandia airstrips and the remaining aircraft there.  Crutchley's warships picked up their landmarks through the mist as best they could, and at 6sm the roar of 8-inch guns from the heavy cruisers HMAS Australia and HMAS Shropshire shattered the silence of the steaming tropical morning. To this din was added the sharper crack of 5-inch and 4.7-inch weapons from American and Australian destroyers. The fire continued until 6:45, by which time 600 rounds of 8-inch and 1,500 rounds of 5-inch and 4.7-inch ammunition had been expended. As for the aerial strikes, despite the unfavorable weather, Task Force 58 managed to maintain planes on air alert over the Hollandia area since dawn. No enemy aircraft flew up from the Hollandia fields, and the few apparently operational planes sighted on those strips were strafed. In general there were no indications that Japanese defenses or defenders existed in the Tanahmerah Bay area. Task Force 58's scheduled bombing and strafing missions for that region were therefore canceled. Meeting little opposition, LCVP's carrying the first wave of the 19th and 21st Regiment approached Red Beach 2. As the leading wave of LCVP's, approached RED Beach 2, which was obscured by smoke from the naval bombardment, a rocket barrage was laid on the landing area by one Seventh Fleet LCI and two landing craft,, of the 542nd Engineer Boat and Shore Regiment. Machine guns mounted aboard the leading LCVP's kept up a steady fire against the beach. There was no answer from the Japanese, and the only opposition to the landing was scattered small arms and light automatic weapons fire from points far on the flanks of the beach and from a small island in Tanahmerah Bay. This fire was so quickly silenced by supporting destroyers that the assault waves suffered no casualties before reaching shore. Thus tactical surprise was achieved in Tanahmerah Bay, as the Japanese had only a few lookouts in the sector. General Irving's 24th Division successfully landed and the 3rd Battalion, 19th Infantry, quickly secured the northern portion of the beachhead and immediately dispatched patrols east and north to probe suspected enemy positions. The 1st Battalion, following the 3rd ashore, went into an assembly area to act as local reserve and to make ready to aid in unloading supplies at the water's edge if that proved necessary. The 2nd Battalion, 21st Infantry, took the southern half of Red Beach 2 with similar ease. The 3rd Battalion of that regiment quickly followed the 2nd ashore and sent Company I south to look for the trail expected to connect with Red Beach 1 at Dépapré. Simultaneously, LVT's carrying Lt Colonel Thomas Cliffords 1st battalion, 21st Regiment crossed coral barrier reefs on their way to Red Beach 1. Cliffords men landed completely unopposed and would spend an hour trying to locate the road leading to Lake Sentani and her airfields. Clifford left A Company at the beach while the rest trekked it over the  Dépapré-Lake Sentani trail at 8:37am, still encountering no enemy opposition whatsoever.Moving through fire lanes down which no bullets flew and past pillboxes in early stages of construction, the battalion column reached the village of Mariboe at 1047 hours. Only a few scattered enemy rifle shots had been encountered during this march and the village was secured without opposition. Over three miles by trail inland from Dépapré, Mariboe was the 24th Division's first inland objective. It was evident from scattered Japanese equipment in and around Mariboe that the Japanese had recently evacuated the village not long before the 1st Battalion's arrival. Colonel Clifford  halted his men. Since radio communication with the division command post on Red Beach 2 had been lost, he sent messengers back over the tortuous trail to report progress to General Irving. At the same time patrols were sent toward Kantomé, nearly two miles southeast of Mariboe. They reported few signs of enemy activity along the trail beyond Mariboe. Colonel Clifford apparently did not wait to re-establish contact with higher headquarters but, acting on his patrols' reports, ordered the battalion to push on. Encountering little opposition along the main trail, the unit reached Kantomé about noon. When Irving arrived to Red Beach 2 at 9;30am, he found a major logistical problem had formed at his main beachhead. Behind the narrow beach, a wide, impassable swamp was discover, it covered most of the area that the men had planned to use for the bivouac and supply dump area. Thus supplies soon began to pile up on the beach. This was an especially serious circumstance, for the landing plans had called for moving almost all troops and supplies overland from Red Beach 2 to the road inland. Construction of a road between the two beaches was soon found impracticable and when, after a day and a half of hard work, engineers had succeeded in driving a few yards of road into the hills south toward Red Beach 1, the project was discontinued. The small completed stretch did serve some useful purpose. On D-Day two batteries of 105-mm. howitzers were dragged along the road as far as possible to a cramped position on a little ridge immediately south of Red Beach 2. From this site the howitzers could deliver some fire support for troops advancing inland from Red Beach 1, but the direction of this fire was limited by a number of hills nearby. The same stretch of road also provided dispersal space for a few of the many vehicles which had been unloaded at Red Beach 2 on D-Day. Additionally, a limited dispersal area, rendered inaccessible by a small stream and by an arm of the swamp, was discovered at the northern edge of the beach, and ultimately the 542nd Engineer Boat and Shore Regiment constructed a road into this space. Artillery, ashore within an hour after the initial landing, was emplaced there to deliver fire on inland targets. But the fill used to build this road stopped the flow of the little stream which had drained the swamp into Tanahmerah Bay. To prevent a rise in the swamp's water level, a drainage canal was cut directly through the center of the beach. This procedure speeded the outward flow of swamp water, lowered the water level a little, and created a small additional dry area behind the beach, but it did not provide sufficient dry land for dispersal of all the troops and supplies scheduled to land on Red Beach 2. Eventually Irvings men found some dry flat dispersal areas behind the beach, allowing the supply shuttles to continue their work uncongested. Colonel Cliffords battalion would make the main thrust for the division while the remainder of Colonel Charles Lyman's 21st Regiment moved over to Red Beach 1. Colonel Clifford possessed little or no knowledge of the situation to the rear other than the difficulties presented by terrain. Ahead, 10,000 Japanese were thought to be concentrated around the airfields. Jangkena was on flat, swampy ground and was not an easily defensible position. Should the 1st Battalion push on to Dazai, also on flat ground, Japanese troops might outflank the unit, cut its line of communications to Dépapré, and destroy it at leisure. If the Japanese bypassed the battalion they could cut off the advance of the rest of the 21st Infantry at any one of the many defiles over the first two or three miles of the trail inland from Dépapré. Colonel Clifford therefore decided to pull his men back to Kantomé for the night, leaving only outposts along the trail east of that village. Kantomé was located near the foot of the Takari Hills, which he thought would present a serious obstacle to any Japanese flanking maneuvers. It was a fortunate decision, as around midnight elements of the 22nd Airfield Battalion had advanced overland around his 1st battalions outposts, striking at their left flank. Meanwhile, General Heavey's landing craft carrying the leading waves of the 162nd and 186th Regiments, supported by rocket fire and by Rear-Admiral Russell Berkey's cruisers, likewise met no Japanese resistance as they landed General Fuller's troops on the White Beaches. Company A of Colonel Harold Haney's 162nd Regiment rapidly secured Cape Pie while Company I of Colonel Oliver Newman's 186th Regiment secured Cape Tjeweri. With Jautefa Bay in hand, Newman's 3rd Battalion was then landed on White Beach 4 in preparation for an advance towards Leimok Hill and Pim. The first objective, Leimok Hill, lay 1,800 yards northwest of Pim. Part of the battalion secured the hill by 1000, and other elements advanced southward toward Pim. That village and its usable jetty were secured, against light opposition, by 1645, while Suikerbrood Hill, on Jautefa Bay south of Pim, was cleared by 1800. The danger that enemy troops atop dominating heights near Pim might make White Beach 4 untenable was over. The 3rd Battalion then established a night perimeter at Pim, extending its defenses along a trail leading west from that village to the point at which the Pim-Hollandia track joined the main road inland to Lake Sentani, thus securing the roadhead from which movements to inland objectives had to begin. Over at White Beach 1, Haney's 3rd Battalion advanced quickly to take Pancake Hill at around 8am, only meeting sporadic rifle fire. After taking the hill, they began pushing up the shores of Humboldt Bay, encountering no resistance as they advanced upon Jarremoh Hill. It seemed clear to the Americans, the Japanese had been taken by complete surprise, not expecting an amphibious assault against Hollandia so quickly, so they had pulled back to the Sentani Lake Airfield sector. Now further south, Haney's 2nd Battalion were advancing to a track that connected Hollandia with Pim, trying to make contact with the 3rd Battalion over at Jarremoh Hill. Meanwhile Newman's 1st Batallion was advancing upon Leimok Hill. Though the men wanted to keep pushing towards Hollandia during the late afternoon, Fuller decided to dig in for the night while warships and artillery softened up the city. When General Anami over at his HQ in Manado heard of the invasion he immediately ordered the 23rd Air Flotilla of Rear-Admiral Ito Yoshiaki to toss whatever he could against the allied surface ships and force along the beaches. He also ordered the 18th army to break through Aitape to rush over and help the Hollandia garrison and for General Tshima to dispatch a regiment force as well to Hollandia. Thus General Tagami got his 224th regiment together for the advance to Hollandia, expecting to get there for early May, while General Nakai's 20th Division continued to close in on Aitape. Anami also wanted to send the main part of the 36th Division to perform a counterattack in Hollandia's direction as he thought it vitally important to delay the enemy as much as possible so a better defense of Western New Guinea could be organized. Yet General Terauchi Hisaichi of the Southern Army declined his request to do so on the basis a counteroffensive would simply denude the already weakened defenses of Western New Guinea. Meanwhile General Doe's Persecution Task Force was carrying out their landing against Aitape. The landings would be preceded by naval gunfire from Captain Albert Noble's Destroyer force, aerial bombardment from escort carriers of Rear Admiral Ralph Davisons Task Force 78 and from General Kenney's air force. Meeting zero resistance and under the cover of a rocket barrage, the LCPR's landed the men of Colonel Francis Mason's 163rd Regiment by 6:45. Despite the lack of resistance, an immense amount of smoke and poor visibility prevented the troops from landing at Beach Blue, and instead they came ashore at Wapil. Just like at Hollandia, they had achieved tactical surprise at Aitape as the Japanese fled in a panic under naval gunfire. Mason's got his 2nd Battalion to swing west and quickly seize the Waitanan Creek while the 1st battalion was being landed. Then the 2nd Battalion formed a defensive position at the Pro Mission while the 3rd Battalion sent patrols east to establish an outpost near the mouth of the Nigia River. Back over at the beaches, General Doe landed some Australian engineers who began repairing the Tadji Fighter airstrip. The No. 62 Works Wing, Royal Australian Air Force, had come ashore at Blue Beach during the morning and had been able to start work on Tadji Fighter Strip at 1:00pm. Repairs continued throughout the night under floodlights, the lack of Japanese opposition and the urgency of the task prompting General Doe to push the work. Although it had been hoped that the strip would be ready for use on D+1, terrain conditions were such that necessary repairs were not completed on schedule. Thus it was 9:00 on April 24th before the Australian engineers, who had worked without break for almost forty-eight hours, could announce that the airstrip was ready. At 4:30pm, 25 P-40s of No. 78 Wing, RAAF, landed on the field, and the balance of the wing arrived the next day. The ground on which the fighter strip was located was so poorly drained that it was not until April 28th, after steel matting had been placed on the field, that it could be used continuously. The works wing then moved to Tadji Bomber Strip to aid the 872nd and 875th Engineer Aviation Battalions. The latter two units passed to the operational control of Wing Commander William A. C. Dale of the RAAF, who, besides commanding the works wing, was Persecution Task Force Engineer. Extensive repairs were necessary at the bomber strip and that field was not ready for use by fighter and transport planes until May 27th and for bombers until early July. While the engineers worked, Colonel Merle Howe's 127th Regiment also landed, while Mason's man expanded the perimeter further west, securing the incomplete Tadji west airstrip and the mouth of the Raihu River by the end of the day. Simultaneously, Colonel Cliffords men continued their advance from Kantomé to Sabron, whereupon, Fuller finally decided to launch his assault on Hollandia, with Colonel Haney's 2nd and 3rd Battalions rapidly moving down the ridge to seize the abandoned town by 11:15am. To the south, Colonel Newman had his 1st Battalion pursue the fleeing enemy, and in the process rapidly secured Brinkman's Plantation and then repelled a very uncoordinated Japanese counterattackby the 6th South Seas Detachment and General Kitazono's 42nd independent motor car battalion. At 8:00am on the23rd the 1st Battalion left its night positions on Leimok Hill and started out over the main track, passing through the 3rd Battalion. The movement was supported by the 205th and 218th Field Artillery Battalions, set up near Cape Pie, and by aircraft from the carriers of Task Force 58. By 9am the 1st Battalion had reached Brinkman's Plantation, about 2,200 yards by trail southwest of Pim. So far, there had been no opposition. Now Companies A and C parted from the main body to patrol northwest up the Borgonjie River. Proceeding to a fork about 2,000 yards upstream, the two companies repulsed a series of unco-ordinated attacks which were launched against the right flank of the 186th Infantry during the afternoon by a Japanese force estimated at 150. The two companies remained at the stream-branching during the night of 23-24 of April, and on the latter day they moved overland southwest to rejoin the main force on the Pim-Lake Sentani trail. Meanwhile General Inada's aviation personnel already at the Sentani airfield alongside those currently retreating there were cut off from their ration and ammunition supplies which happened to be stored near the coast. Facing the hopeless situation of having to conduct a proper defense of the airfields with less than a week's worth of rations, little small arms and machine gun ammunition, no artillery at all and with two different enemy forces converging upon them, General Inada seized full command and led the weak garrison to retreat towards Genjem. Their rear guard was proved by General Kitazono's troops. During that same afternoon, two platoons of Cliffords Company B, leading the advance from Sabron, safely crossed a small stream but soon found themselves in the middle of a well-concealed Japanese ambush on the east bank. Rifle and heavy machine gun fire made the stream's steep banks untenable, and the forward platoons hurriedly withdrew to the west, leaving four dead men behind. In response to this, Irvings artillery and Admiral Mitscher's carrier aircraft began to bomb and strafe the area, but Cliffords B Company was nonetheless unable to break through. An artillery duel emerged during the night keeping the men of the 1st Battalion wide awake. They were also being supplies with great difficulty via hand-carry over the Dépapré-Lake Sentani trail. Fortunately the 24th Division's plans for the Hollandia operation had taken into consideration many of the potential logistic problems that might be encountered in the Tanahmerah Bay area. The division G-4 Section had made a detailed study which had shown that a full infantry regiment could be supplied by hand-carry from Red Beach 2 over the Dépapré-Lake Sentani trail inland as far as Jangkena. When no road connecting Red Beach 2 with Red Beach 1 had been found, the division moved the main supply point to Dépapré, from which the advance inland would be supported. With this change in plans, the G-4 Section undertook new computations and calculated that the hand-carry distance could be extended to Dazai. This conclusion was based on the assumption that adverse weather conditions would not make the Dépapré-Lake Sentani road nearly impassable. On 23 April heavy rains started to turn the road into a quagmire through which struggling men could scarcely carry their own equipment and food, to say nothing of extra supplies for the leading battalion. By evening on that day logistic support of the 21st Regiment had therefore become a major problem. There was no question but that the regiment would have to be supported by hand-carry, for it was estimated that at least two weeks' hard work by engineers would be required before the road from Dépapré as far as Mariboe could be made passable even for jeeps. But the 1st Battalion had already advanced east of Dazai, beyond which point, according to the G-4 estimates, support by hand-carry would be next to impossible. Because of the logistical issues, General Eichelberger decided to make the Humboldt Bay area the principal task force landing site, allowing the 41st division to drive further inland. On the 24th, Newman's 3rd Battalion passed through the 1st and seized the Koejaboe area, only stopping there until the 2nd battalion came over to reinforce the continued advance. During this action however, most of the Japanese continued their retreat towards Genjem unmolested. Over in the west, Irving ordered Clifford to consolidate his forward positions around Sabron and Dazai as he now realized the continued rapid advance inland was no long possible as a result of their hand-carry logistics scheme and the weather was taking quite a turn for the worse hampering air drops. Back over at Aitape, Mason's troops crossed the Raihu and by midday the 2nd Battalion secured the town. However General Doe was dissatisfied with the pace of the westward advance, and he therefore suggested to Alamo Force that the 163rd's commander, Mason be relieved. This step was approved by General Krueger, although the regimental commander remained in control of his unit until 9 May, only two days before the 163rd Infantry began loading for another operation. For the next few days, the 163rd patrolled further inland and would fall into a heavy engagement at Kamti on the 29th. At the Kapoam villages, about twelve miles up the Raihu, elements of the 3rd Battalion encountered the only signs of organized Japanese resistance found in the Aitape area to 4 May. At one of these villages, Kamti, some outpost troops of the 3rd Battalion were surrounded by an estimated 200 Japanese who made a number of harassing attacks on 28 and 29th. These skirmishes cost the battalion 3 men killed and 2 wounded, while it was estimated that the Japanese lost about 90 killed. On the 25th, Colonel Lymann's two forward battalion resumed their march, heading through some dense jungle being met by sporadic enemy small arm fire. They eventually dug in around the vicinity of Julianadorp. Meanwhile Colonel Newman had his 3rd battalion advancing west along the main road to Nefaar while some LVT's transported his 1st battalion over Lake Sentani to a point on the western shore of Nefaar. Neither force faced much opposition and together would perform some patrolling of the Cyclops Drome during the afternoon. Back over at Aitape, Colonel Howe's 127th Regiment finished their occupation of Tumleo, Seleo and the Ali Islands and now were beginning to send patrols east towards Afua. On the 26th, Colonel Newman had his 1st Battalion seize the Cyclops Drome while his 2nd Battalion took some LVTS to capture the Sentani Drome. Shortly after midday both Battalions rapidly secured the airdromes under light enemy resistance. Despite a serious supply situation, Lyman's 1st and 3rd Battalion resumed the advance, only encountering one enemy bunker at Ebeli Plantation. It had been impossible to drop supplies from the air on April 25 and even hand-carrying had been stopped late in the afternoon by heavy rains which had flooded many small streams. Parts of the Dépapré-Lake Sentani trail were now knee deep in water. The two forward battalions were low on ammunition, and they would have to go on half-rations if the supply situation were not quickly improved. But General Irving was again optimistic about the weather, believing that air supply would be successful on the 26th. Furthermore, he had received information which indicated that the Japanese were evacuating the airfield area. For these reasons he considered that a continuation of the advance would not be unduly hazardous. In ordering the advance, the division commander was knowingly pushing his men far beyond the limit at which they could be supplied by hand-carry. If the airdrop should again fail or if track conditions should not improve, one of the two forward battalions would probably have to be echeloned back along the trail to augment the carrying parties, and the advance would probably have to be halted. Should enemy opposition prove stubborn, the forward battalions might have to withdraw, perhaps as far as Dazai, to replenish their meager supplies of rations and ammunition. General Irving was taking a calculated risk which assumed the success of the airdrop and an absence of determined Japanese opposition. By the afternoon of the 26th, the Hollandia Drome was secured after a successful airdrop at Dazai. After this the objectives of Reckless had been achieved. Mop up operation would continue up until June 6th, as Fuller's 41st Division cleared out Cape Soedja and the Cyclops Mountain. They would end up flushing out Japanese on Hill 1000 and Irving's 24th Division sent out patrols west towards Marneda, Demta Bay and Gemjem. By 6 June the they had all killed 405 Japanese and had taken 64 prisoners in the Genjem-Demta region. Many more Japanese were found dead of starvation or disease along the trails in the same area. During the same time period, Eichelberger's task force would develop Hollandia into a major base from which future operations would be support. In the end casualties for Operation Reckless amounted to 124 deaths, 1057 wounded and 28 missing for the Americans. The Japanese suffered 3300 deaths, 661 captured. On April 30th, 7220 Japanese from Hollandia's garrison would assemble at Genjem where General Inada began a gradual withdrawal in 11 echelons towards Sarmi. By May 7th, all echelons departed Genjem for a very long march through some of the worst terrain in New Guinea. Two-thirds of the garrison reached the Tor River by June. It's estimated 93% of their strength would succumb to the deadly jungles, lack of provisions and rampant cases of malaria. Meanwhile to secure the Tadji airstrips against Japanese attacks from the direction of Wewak, Colonel Howe sent Company C by boat to Nyaparake on April 28th where they set up outposts further inland around Charov and Jalup. By May 4th, further patrolling by the 127th regiment had discovered no trace of organized enemy units, thus Operation Persecution was successfully completed. During the operation 525 Japanese were killed, 25 were captured while the Americans suffered 19 deaths and 40 wounded. That is all for the New Guinea front as we are now traveling over to New Britain. After the Battle of Talasea and the area was secured, Colonel Smith reached the conclusion that the enemy was withdrawing as rapidly as possible to Cape Hoskins. He decided to send patrols to Numundo Plantation. A reconnaissance patrol on March 10th found enemy positions at Bola and Santa Monica Plantation evacuated, but came upon entrenched enemy at Garilli. On 11th Captain Andrew Haldane's Company K left Bitokara with orders to proceed to Numundo on a three-day patrol, a time estimate that was to prove too optimistic. Company K reached Garilli to find it empty of the enemy, but just north of Patanga encountered Japanese small-arms, automatic-weapons and mortar fire. For four days the Marine patrol made slow progress, fighting an enemy who made a stand in the heavy vegetation approximately every 200 yards and then withdrew effectively before the advance guard flankers could close in. On the evening of the 16th the company entered Kilu where the Japanese made their final stand. While the two forces battled, a Marine landing craft appeared offshore and as it approached the beach the enemy diverted what apparently was a 75mm field gun from the ground action to the "naval force". In the boat was Lieutenant Colonel Deakin who had obtained permission from Colonel Smith to transport a section of 81mm mortars to Captain Haldane's assistance. Although the Japanese bracketed the craft, they failed to hit it and the weapons were landed without casualties. Shortly after the heavy mortars began lobbing shells toward the enemy, the Japanese broke contact and the Marines reached Numundo 48 hours later without finding the Terunuma Detachment again. The 1st Battalion also set up an ambush at Garu which was productive of enemy dead and prisoners for awhile. Company I replaced Company K at Numundo and in turn was replaced on 25 March by the 2nd Battalion. Inasmuch as the enemy continued to straggle eastward singly and in small groups with little or no communications, patrols were kept busy returning over and over again to the same villages and plantations in hopes of catching unwary Japanese. Such hopes frequently paid off. On the 30th the 2nd Battalion moved southeast from Numundo to San Remo Plantation, described by one Marine as "a very pleasant place." From that point patrols probed westward to the Kulu River and eastward into the Cape Hoskins area as far as Buluma. Overall the patrols saw 3 men killed with 8 wounded while accounting for 151 Japanese killed and 68 taken prisoner. Meanwhile, Matsuda, Komori and Terunuma;s Detachments all were performing withdrawals. Komori dispatched his force to the rendezvous point in successive echelons. He himself left Didmop with the rear guard, back on February 28th, reaching Augitni via Vakan on March 1st. The following morning he started his hospital patients along the evacuation route and sent a detail of 250 men to Bulawatni to help transport provisions. Yet the Marines at Iboki were becoming increasingly troublesome, though quite unaware that they faced anything more than starving stragglers. When Company A, 1st Marines entered Talawaga on the 5th, Colonel Sato felt the hot breath of pursuit on his neck and moved to the trail fork where he assumed command of the combined force. The next morning the Komori Group resumed its withdrawal in a northwesterly direction along the right prong of the trail fork, while Sato prepared to follow with his command on the 7th. At this point the ways of these two officers parted, and thenceforth each pursued his individual course toward the destiny that awaited him. On the 6th the Komori Group, with Major Tobuse's 1st Battalion, 141st Infantry in the lead, covered 16 km's on the trail running northeast from the fork toward the coast to reach what the Japanese called the "North Road." After the first day on the trail, Komori's progress becomes difficult to follow, owing to his use of place names occurring in no other reports or maps. It was slow and difficult at best, because of rain and mud, and the necessity for wide detours to find fords through deep streams and safe passages through or around extensive swamps. His immediate force numbered about 200, and on March 8th he recorded the Tobuse Battalion a half-day's march ahead. He sighted occasional enemy reconnaissance planes, and on the 12th U.S. landing craft fired upon his men as they attempted to cross the Kuhu River, obliging them to take to the jungle and swamps. The broad Via River stopped his force on the 14th. When improvised rafts refused to float, the major and 15 others swam across. The rest, through weakness or timidity, declined to follow this excellent example, and it took two days and a wide detour inland to get the whole group to the right bank. Then, on the 17th, provisions ran out. Thus the weakening men came by painful stages to Kometto (Eleanora Bay) and the welcome coconuts of Linga Linga Plantation on the 21st. But the wide Kapuluk River posed a formidable obstacle to further progress. They tried first to swim the Kapuluk near its mouth, but 18 men of the 2nd Company were swept away and 12 of them drowned, only the captain reaching the far bank safely. A patrol far upstream failed to find any fording point, so the troops spent the rest of the day building rafts. These managed to stay afloat, but broke apart so frequently that another two days were required for the passage. Then came the real heartbreaker on the 24th: they reached Kou only to find the provisioning post evacuated. On the 25th an officer patrol encountered a U.S. patrol, and once more the group had to detour. On the 26th Komori hired a native to guide him to Numundo Plantation, at the eastern base of the Willaumez Peninsula. But evidently the man had a change of heart, for the major recorded next day that, lacking a guide, "we advanced using a compass." They now entered a region of extensive swamps, intersected by another major obstacle: the two-pronged Kulu river. The column got across this stream on the 27th, but lost five more men in the swift current. The survivors emerged from the swamps on the 29th and followed the river southward. On the 31st Komori made his final diary entry, eloquent in its stark simplicity: "We are very tired and without food." Apparently at this point malaria laid the major low. Ordering his men to continue toward Cape Hoskins, he took refuge in a native village, accompanied only by his executive officer, his orderly and a corporal attached to his headquarters. For lack of further diary entries, obscurity shrouds the last week of his life. Most of the Japanese forces reached Malalia by the end of March, but Marine patrols were becoming increasingly troublesome. On the 11th, elements of the 1st Marines landed at Linga Linga, patrolling further inland. Company E landed at the Kulu River mouth at the base of Willaumez Peninsula. There the Marines encountered 4 enemy stragglers, killing three and taking one prisoner. Then they moved westward to Kandoka, where they were joined by two platoons of Company F, brought over by boat. There they established a roadblock, just in time to catch Sato's rear echelon. Second Lieutenant Richard B. Watkins was in command of the trail block. At 9am Watkins led his group inland from the village over some faint trails which he hoped the Japanese main body might be using. The Marines had proceeded about a mile and a half and were about to cross a stream in a sparsely wooded area when they sighted two Japanese standing with slung rifles, apparently resting. Watkins had about decided to dispose of these when they moved off in a northeasterly direction, followed almost immediately by a large body of their compatriots. Lying where the Japanese could easily have spotted them, the Marines counted the 73 enemy soldiers and noted the equipment cited above. Conspicuous among them was a tall, burly officer being carried on a litter. The Japanese were cutting fresh trail through the jungle, and fortunately were too intent on their work to discover the patrol. They made excruciatingly slow progress, however, and Watkins did not dare to move until the last man had disappeared. He then returned with all speed to Kandoka, sending a runner ahead with his report. At the village he met Major Brush who had come over from Yaluiai with one squad on what he had intended as merely a routine inspection. He promptly radioed his command post to send a rifle platoon and a 60mm mortar section to the scene and ordered Watkins to hold the trail block with one rifle squad, one machine-gun squad and two mortar squads while he himself set off with the rest of the troops available in an effort to overtake the Japanese from the rear. Before his own departure that morning, Watkins had sent a six-man patrol under Sergeant Frank Chliek to an inland village some two miles south of Kandoka, right where the Japanese appeared to be heading. The lieutenant promptly dispatched a native messenger there with a warning; then, when firing broke out in that direction, he surmised, correctly, that Chliek had become engaged and took the remaining rifle squad and hurried to his assistance. He arrived to find the sergeant and his men crouched on high ground by the east-west trail with dead Japanese all around them. The volume of fire was intense, the pattern not at all clear. As it turned out, Chliek had stumbled upon the column somewhere near its head and, taking advantage of his superior position, immediately opened fire. Major Brush's force, which had been closing rapidly, was on the opposite side of the valley at this time; hence, at sound of the first shots, had hastened to the scene and struck the Japanese column's other flank. In order to avoid becoming involved in a fire fight with that group, Watkins ordered Chliek's patrol back to Kandoka and followed with his own squad at a slower pace. Brush caught up with him shortly, whereat a counting of heads showed that, miraculously, the Marines had not sustained a single casualty. Here is the aftermath as Watkins recalls it: “On the following morning I took a 20 man patrol through the battle area. We counted 55 dead including 3 officers. It was quite easy to believe that perhaps 20 more died in scattered positions throughout the dense underbrush. The dead were all within a 100 yard stretch of trail. We encountered 2 more Japanese who had evidently just come upon the scene who were sitting side by side staring dazedly at the destruction and did not even turn their heads when we approached.” The burly officer previously observed on a litter proved to be Colonel Sato. Evidently Sergeant Chliek's patrol had struck the enemy column at precisely the point where he was being carried, for the colonel had only had time to leap to his feet and draw his sword to fight back before the Marines' fire riddled him. Seeing their leader fall, those Japanese farther forward took off in mad flight, while those behind were cut off by the converging of the two patrols. Thus perished one of the few Japanese to deserve much credit for the performance of the 65th Brigade on New Britain. Although the rear echelon attacked by the two patrols comprised less than half of Sato's total force, the group, as such, ceased to exist with the death of the leader who alone had held it together. Units split into components, these into smaller parties, straggling eastward over a variety of trails, often hacking their own way by compass azimuth.  Throughout April, the 17th Division continued their retreat towards Rabaul, managed to repel multiple marine patrol attacks around Cape Hoskins. General Sakai's survivors finally got to Rabaul between April 16th and May 15th, erecting the last bulwark of defense for the South Pacific. On April 6th, the journey of another Japanese commander came to an end. The body of the already deceased Major Komori was captured at the San Remo Plantation by the 2nd Battalion, 5th marines. They came upon the outpost, suddenly face to face with a group of four bedraggled Japanese. It was one of those abrupt encounters that allow little time for reflection or deliberation. The flurry of fire that followed killed three of the enemy and wounded the fourth, who promptly surrendered. Komori had apparently died of malaria along the way.  For the 5th Marines, too, was nearing its journey's end, so far as New Britain was concerned. With promotion of the regimental commander, Lieutenant Colonel Buse took over on an acting basis, and General Smith returned to Cape Gloucester to relieve General Shepherd as Assistant Division Commander. Units attached to the regiment followed, and representatives of the Army's 185th Infantry arrived to inspect positions preparatory to replacing the 5th, just as other 40th Infantry Division elements were doing in the Cape Gloucester area with a view toward relieving the entire 1st Marine Division. Last clash of the campaign occurred onthe 22nd of April, when a 2/5 patrol intercepted a party of Japanese, killing 20, including two officers, and suffering the regiment's last fatality on New Britain. Three days later the whole 185th RCT moved into Talasea and San Remo, and at 1530 command of the area formally passed to the Army. LCM's carrying the 1st and 3rd Battalions back to Borgen Bay cleared Talasea at 1630, followed by those carrying 2/5 from San Remo at 2000. The movement was reported complete at 1930 on the 26th, and men of the 5th learned that the 1st Marines had departed this island of evil memory the previous day and that they would follow as ships became available. Soon they would be relieved by Major-General Isaac Rapp Brush's 40th Division, which took responsibility for Cape Gloucester, Arawe and Talasea by the end of April.  I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Thus Operation Reckless and Persecution were both successful. Now MacArthur had a strong foothold in Western New Guinea seeing the Japanese continued their frantic retreat wherever allied forces seemed to pop up. Over in New Britain, the Japanese were losing formidable commanders as they too were on the retreat, things were simply disastrous for the empire of the rising sun. 

I'm back, and sorry for keeping you waiting so long! Today we continue our look at Timor, one of the larger islands on the eastern edge of Southeast Asia. This episode will cover the island's history from 1661 to about 1800. As always, listen and enjoy!Do you think you would like to become a podcaster on Blubrry? Click here for the details on joining. Enter my promo code, HSEASIA, to let them know I sent you, and you will get the first month's hosting for free!Support this podcast!And here is the Podcast Hall of Fame page, to honor those who have donated already!Visit the Patreon page to become a long-term supporter of the podcast!

Timor-David Aklin grew up in Jaffa,Israel as a Muslim Arab. Today he is a full fledge Orthodox Jew. Presently, he passionately advocates for Israel, fearlessly confronting uncomfortable truths. This is an episode about his journey and what motivates him to vocalize his past and hopes for the future.   Follow Timor-David's YouTube channel here: https://www.youtube.com/ @TimorAklin   Follow Timor-David's Instagram here: https://www.instagram.com/timoraklin/   ____________________________________ ✬ SPONSOR OF THIS EPISODE ✬ ____________________________________   ► TorahAnytime's FREE Torah Learning Dedications   Dedicating the learning in the memory of a loved one who has passed away. It's 100% free public service. Limited time offer.   Go to  → https://bit.ly/48Jh8AK   ► PICKPURPLE: The Best, Easiest & Kindest Way to Get Rid of Your Clothes   Help needy people make use of your stuff while benefiting the girls of Batya.   It's never been easier to recycle your old wearable clothing to second owners – Pick Purple stops by your home and picks it up from your doorstep free of charge.   All proceeds directly benefit Batya Girls, Inc - an empowering network for teenage girls.   Get Pick Up Here→ https://www.pickpurple.org/   ► BITBEAN: Industry Leading Enterprise Software for Innovative Businesses   Seeking to optimize operations and scale your business?Bitbean empowers ambitious businesses with tailored software solutions.  Automate workflows, streamline data management, and empower your workforce all while reducing your employee overhead by 30% or more.   →  Contact Bitbean today for a FREE CONSULTATION https://bitbean.link/ujXkZm   ► TWILLORY: The Best Clothes $ Can Buy   Get $18 OFF your order. Look great, feel great. Use promo code: INSPIRE for $18 OFF →  Here: https://Twillory.com/   ____________________________________ ✬ IN MEMORY OF ✬ ____________________________________    This episode is in memory of: • Shimon Dovid ben Yaakov Shloima • Miriam Sarah bas Yaakov Moshe   Help Support our Episodes with Dedicating an Episode in Memory of a Loved One or As a Zechus for a Refuah Shleima!   ► Here: https://www.livinglchaim.com/in-memory   ____________________________________ Our free call-in-to-listen feature is here: • USA: (605) 477-2100 • UK: 0333-366-0154 • ISRAEL: 079-579-5088   PLUS Listen to LCHAIM KIDS! (605) 562-5555   Have a specific question? email us hi@livinglchaim.com   WhatsApp us feedback and get first access to episodes: 914-222-5513   Lchaim.

It's News Tuesday! But first, Emma speaks with Jacob Sugarman, lifestyle editor at the Buenos Aires Herald, to discuss the recent results in the Argentinian presidential race, which is now heading into a runoff. First, Emma runs through updates on the growing death toll in Gaza, the release of Hamas' hostages, Donald Trump's legal and electoral woes, UAW labor action, the impeachment of Joe Biden, the first publicly funded religious charter school, and Bob Menendez's complete lack of guilt, before parsing through recent statement from both State Department martyr Josh Paul and AOC on the US' failure to hold Israel to account with the Leahy law. Jacob Sugarman then joins, parsing through the lukewarm good news coming out of Argentina, with the center-left's Sergio Massa beating out far-right dark horse candidate Javier Milei and pushing the presidential election to a runoff, before stepping back to analyze what so particular about Milei's brand of “anti-establishment” politics, anarcho-capitalism, and general bigotry, and why it has won him his base of young Argentinian men. After contextualizing Milei's rise within the ongoing economic crisis facing Argentinians today, which has seen years of skyrocketing poverty, debt, and inflation, Sugarman walks Emma through the alternatives to Milei's anarcho-capitalism, namely Sergio Massa, before wrapping up with the dangers of historical revisionism among the far-right and their junta connections. Emma also touches on the myth of a crimewave, the House GOP's Speakership chaos, and dances on the grave of an enemy. And in the Fun Half: Emma watches Fox & Friends go crazy for a ground invasion of Gaza, before parsing through the Times of Israel's own assessment of such an operation, also talking with Ross from North Carolina on gameplan toward funding Ukraine, and watching Cenk Uygur the moral case for Palestinians on Piers Morgan. Timor from Ontario dives into the chaos in Canadian politics over Israel-Palestine divides, and the MR Crew watches speeches by Donald Trump on being Nelson Mandela, and Nelson Mandela on terrorism and Israel, plus, your calls and IMs! Check out Jacob's writing in The Nation: https://www.thenation.com/article/world/javier-milei-argentina-presidential-election/ Become a member at JoinTheMajorityReport.com: https://fans.fm/majority/join Subscribe to the ESVN YouTube channel here: https://www.youtube.com/esvnshow Subscribe to the AMQuickie newsletter here: https://am-quickie.ghost.io/ Join the Majority Report Discord! http://majoritydiscord.com/ Get all your MR merch at our store: https://shop.majorityreportradio.com/ Get the free Majority Report App!: http://majority.fm/app Follow the Majority Report crew on Twitter: @SamSeder @EmmaVigeland @MattBinder @MattLech @BF1nn @BradKAlsop Check out Matt's show, Left Reckoning, on Youtube, and subscribe on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/leftreckoning Subscribe to Brandon's show The Discourse on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/ExpandTheDiscourse Subscribe to Discourse Blog, a newsletter and website for progressive essays and related fun partly run by AM Quickie writer Jack Crosbie. https://discourseblog.com/ Check out Matt Binder's YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/mattbinder Check out Ava Raiza's music here! https://avaraiza.bandcamp.com/ The Majority Report with Sam Seder - https://majorityreportradio.com/