The John Batchelor Show

SHOW 12-12-2025 THE SHOW BEGINS IN DOUBTS ABOUT 2026.2 Las Vegas Venues, California Rail, and Disney's AI Investment: Colleague Jeff Bliss reports that Las Vegas's Allegiant Stadium is now a top-grossing venue while many resorts are dropping unpopular fees, discussing California's new rail line to Anaheim, mismanagement of the Pacific Palisades fire, and high gas prices, additionally covering Disney's investment in OpenAI and its new luxury community, Cotino. Nvidia's Jensen Huang and the AI Revolution: Colleague Brandon Weichert praises Nvidia's Jensen Huang as a pivotal geopolitical figure driving the AI revolution, comparing AI's growth to the railroad boom and predicting long-term economic benefits and massive opportunities for construction and energy sectors as the US builds infrastructure to support data centers. Business Resilience and AI Tools in Construction: Colleague Gene Marks reports on business resilience in Austin despite tariff concerns and describes a safety conference in Fargo where AI tools were a focus, explaining that AI and robotics like Boston Dynamics' Spot are supplementing rather than replacing workers in construction, helping address severe labor shortages. Health Reimbursement Arrangements and AI's Economic Potential: Colleague Gene Marks advocates for Health Reimbursement Arrangements, noting they allow small businesses to control costs while employees buy their own insurance tax-free, also discussing AI's potential to double economic growth and advising businesses to ignore doomsday predictions and embrace tools that enhance productivity and daily life. Lancaster County's Economic Divide and Holiday Retail: Colleague Jim McTague reports from Lancaster County, highlighting the economic divide between flush Baby Boomers and struggling younger generations, observing strong holiday retail activity exemplified by crowded venues like Shady Maple and a proliferation of Amazon delivery trucks, suggesting the economy remains afloat despite challenges. La Scala's Season Opening and Milan's Christmas Atmosphere: Colleague Lorenzo Fiori describes attending the season opening at La Scala, featuring a dramatic Russian opera that audiences connected to current geopolitical tensions, also noting the festive Christmas atmosphere in Milan and Prime Minister Meloni's continued, albeit non-military, support for Ukraine. SpaceX IPO Rumors and EU Space Regulations: Colleague Bob Zimmerman discusses rumors of a SpaceX IPO and new scientific strategies for using Starship for Mars exploration, reporting on the Pentagon's certification requirements for Blue Origin's New Glenn and critiquing proposed EU space laws that could impose bureaucratic hurdles on international private space companies. Mapping the Sun's Corona and Rethinking Ice Giants: Colleague Bob Zimmerman details scientific advances including mapping the sun's corona and rethinking Uranus and Neptune as having rocky interiors rather than just ice, mentioning discoveries regarding supernova composition, the lack of supermassive black holes in small galaxies, and new images of Mars' polar ice layers. "The Incident" of 1641 and Charles I's Failed Plot: Colleague Jonathan Healey narrates "The Incident" of 1641, a failed plot by Charles I to arrest Scottish Covenanter leaders, explaining that the conspiracy's exposure and Charles's subsequent denial destroyed his political standing in Scotland, forcing him to concede power to the Scottish Parliament and weakening his position before the English Civil War. The Prelude to the English Civil War: Colleague Jonathan Healey discusses the prelude to the English Civil War, detailing the power struggles between Charles I and the Commons and Lords, explaining the execution of the King's advisor Strafford, noting Charles's regret and the rising influence of reformists who feared royal tyranny and supported impeachment. The Junto and Puritan Influence in Parliament: Colleague Jonathan Healey describes the political geography of London, introducing the "Junto," a reformist party coordinating between Parliament's houses, analyzing the influence of Puritans and key opposition figures like John Pym and Mandeville who strategically challenged Charles I's authority regarding church reform and arbitrary taxation. The Grand Remonstrance and Popular Politics: Colleague Jonathan Healey explains the "Grand Remonstrance," a document used by the Junto to rally public support against the King, highlighting how rising literacy and the printing press fueled popular politics in London, while also discussing Queen Henrietta Maria's political acumen and Catholic faith amidst the growing conflict. Critiquing Isolationism and the Risks of Disengagement: Colleague Henry Sokolski critiques isolationist arguments, comparing current sentiments to pre-WWII attitudes, warning against relying solely on missile defense bubbles and discussing the distinct threats posed by Russia and China, emphasizing that US disengagement could lead to global instability and unchecked nuclear proliferation. Saudi Uranium Enrichment and Proliferation Risks: Colleague Henry Sokolski discusses the risks of allowing Saudi Arabia to enrich uranium, fearing it creates a bomb-making option, warning that making exceptions for Saudi Arabia could trigger a proliferation cascade among neighbors like Turkey and Egypt, undermining global non-proliferation efforts amidst rising tensions involving Russia and NATO. The Historical Context of Humphrey's Executor: Colleague Richard Epstein analyzes the historical context of Humphrey's Executor, explaining how the administrative state grew from the 1930s, detailing FDR's attempt to politicize independent commissions and the Supreme Court's justification, arguing that while constitutionally questionable, long-standing prescription has solidified these agencies' legal status over time. Presidential Power and Independent Agency Dismissals: Colleague Richard Epstein discusses current Supreme Court arguments regarding presidential power to fire independent board members, referencing actions by both Trump and Biden, critiquing the politicization of agencies like the FTC under Lina Khan and warning that unchecked executive authority to dismiss advisory boards undermines necessary checks and balances.

Presidential Power and Independent Agency Dismissals: Colleague Richard Epstein discusses current Supreme Court arguments regarding presidential power to fire independent board members, referencing actions by both Trump and Biden, critiquing the politicization of agencies like the FTC under Lina Khan and warning that unchecked executive authority to dismiss advisory boards undermines necessary checks and balances. 1868 JULES VERNE

The Historical Context of Humphrey's Executor: Colleague Richard Epstein analyzes the historical context of Humphrey's Executor, explaining how the administrative state grew from the 1930s, detailing FDR's attempt to politicize independent commissions and the Supreme Court's justification, arguing that while constitutionally questionable, long-standing prescription has solidified these agencies' legal status over time. 1955

Saudi Uranium Enrichment and Proliferation Risks: Colleague Henry Sokolski discusses the risks of allowing Saudi Arabia to enrich uranium, fearing it creates a bomb-making option, warning that making exceptions for Saudi Arabia could trigger a proliferation cascade among neighbors like Turkey and Egypt, undermining global non-proliferation efforts amidst rising tensions involving Russia and NATO. 1954

Critiquing Isolationism and the Risks of Disengagement: Colleague Henry Sokolski critiques isolationist arguments, comparing current sentiments to pre-WWII attitudes, warning against relying solely on missile defense bubbles and discussing the distinct threats posed by Russia and China, emphasizing that US disengagement could lead to global instability and unchecked nuclear proliferation. 1932

The Grand Remonstrance and Popular Politics: Colleague Jonathan Healey explains the "Grand Remonstrance," a document used by the Junto to rally public support against the King, highlighting how rising literacy and the printing press fueled popular politics in London, while also discussing Queen Henrietta Maria's political acumen and Catholic faith amidst the growing conflict. 1650

The Junto and Puritan Influence in Parliament: Colleague Jonathan Healey describes the political geography of London, introducing the "Junto," a reformist party coordinating between Parliament's houses, analyzing the influence of Puritans and key opposition figures like John Pym and Mandeville who strategically challenged Charles I's authority regarding church reform and arbitrary taxation. 1649

The Prelude to the English Civil War: Colleague Jonathan Healey discusses the prelude to the English Civil War, detailing the power struggles between Charles I and the Commons and Lords, explaining the execution of the King's advisor Strafford, noting Charles's regret and the rising influence of reformists who feared royal tyranny and supported impeachment. 1648 CROMWELL

"The Incident" of 1641 and Charles I's Failed Plot: Colleague Jonathan Healey narrates "The Incident" of 1641, a failed plot by Charles I to arrest Scottish Covenanter leaders, explaining that the conspiracy's exposure and Charles's subsequent denial destroyed his political standing in Scotland, forcing him to concede power to the Scottish Parliament and weakening his position before the English Civil War. 1647

Mapping the Sun's Corona and Rethinking Ice Giants: Colleague Bob Zimmerman details scientific advances including mapping the sun's corona and rethinking Uranus and Neptune as having rocky interiors rather than just ice, mentioning discoveries regarding supernova composition, the lack of supermassive black holes in small galaxies, and new images of Mars' polar ice layers. 1950

SpaceX IPO Rumors and EU Space Regulations: Colleague Bob Zimmerman discusses rumors of a SpaceX IPO and new scientific strategies for using Starship for Mars exploration, reporting on the Pentagon's certification requirements for Blue Origin's New Glenn and critiquing proposed EU space laws that could impose bureaucratic hurdles on international private space companies. 1938

La Scala's Season Opening and Milan's Christmas Atmosphere: Colleague Lorenzo Fiori describes attending the season opening at La Scala, featuring a dramatic Russian opera that audiences connected to current geopolitical tensions, also noting the festive Christmas atmosphere in Milan and Prime Minister Meloni's continued, albeit non-military, support for Ukraine. 1957

Lancaster County's Economic Divide and Holiday Retail: Colleague Jim McTague reports from Lancaster County, highlighting the economic divide between flush Baby Boomers and struggling younger generations, observing strong holiday retail activity exemplified by crowded venues like Shady Maple and a proliferation of Amazon delivery trucks, suggesting the economy remains afloat despite challenges. 1959

Health Reimbursement Arrangements and AI's Economic Potential: Colleague Gene Marks advocates for Health Reimbursement Arrangements, noting they allow small businesses to control costs while employees buy their own insurance tax-free, also discussing AI's potential to double economic growth and advising businesses to ignore doomsday predictions and embrace tools that enhance productivity and daily life. 1964

Business Resilience and AI Tools in Construction: Colleague Gene Marks reports on business resilience in Austin despite tariff concerns and describes a safety conference in Fargo where AI tools were a focus, explaining that AI and robotics like Boston Dynamics' Spot are supplementing rather than replacing workers in construction, helping address severe labor shortages. 1962

Nvidia's Jensen Huang and the AI Revolution: Colleague Brandon Weichert praises Nvidia's Jensen Huang as a pivotal geopolitical figure driving the AI revolution, comparing AI's growth to the railroad boom and predicting long-term economic benefits and massive opportunities for construction and energy sectors as the US builds infrastructure to support data centers. 1938

Las Vegas Venues, California Rail, and Disney's AI Investment: Colleague Jeff Bliss reports that Las Vegas's Allegiant Stadium is now a top-grossing venue while many resorts are dropping unpopular fees, discussing California's new rail line to Anaheim, mismanagement of the Pacific Palisades fire, and high gas prices, additionally covering Disney's investment in OpenAI and its new luxury community, Cotino. 1958

PREVIEW — Gene Marks — Artificial Intelligence as Workforce Enhancement Tool. Marks, a small business columnist who has traveled extensively across the United States consulting with business associations, addresses the pervasive worker anxiety that artificial intelligence will systematically replace human employment and eliminate career opportunities. Marks provides a 50-word summary: Marks emphasizes that AI should be viewed as a "supplement" and productivity tool rather than employment replacement. He advises workers to ignore catastrophic job loss predictions and instead focus on leveraging technology to accelerate task completion. The best employees will "lean into" these tools, using AI to perform work of multiple people, thereby increasing employer value and securing superior job stability. Marks argues that workers adopting AI as a "power drill"—amplifying rather than replacing carpentry skills—will outcompete those refusing to integrate automation, thereby securing better employment prospects and wage growth relative to colleagues resisting technological adaptation and maintaining analog work methodologies incompatible with productivity expectations.

REVIEW — Bob Zimmerman — European Union Space Act: Regulatory Overreach Against Private Enterprise. Zimmerman discusses a proposed European Union Space Act, characterizing this legislation as "egregious" regulatory overreach that would systematically harm private enterprise innovation and commercial space development. Zimmermanprovides a 50-word summary: Zimmerman critiques the law because the EU is attempting to impose its regulatory sovereignty on non-European companies, specifically dictating satellite construction and launch methodologies for American firms having no European operational presence or connection. Despite unprecedented opposition from the U.S. State Department, the European Space Agency, private American space companies, and the Progressive Policy Institute (a leftist policy organization), Zimmerman warns that the EU characteristically ignores substantive objections and pursues its own regulatory agenda unilaterally, functioning analogously to a Homeowners Association attempting to enforce paint color requirements on properties located in completely different cities outside their jurisdictional authority.

PREVIEW — Jeff Bliss — California Gas Prices and Regulatory Constraints. Bliss reports that while national average gasoline prices are declining due to demand weakness and ample supply, California gasoline prices remain persistently elevated, frequently exceeding $5.00 per gallon due to state-specific regulatory frameworks and the systematic closure of petroleum refineries reducing processing capacity. Bliss warns that energy market experts project California gasoline prices could catastrophically escalate to approximately $12.00 per gallon, a devastating potential price increase for a state economy structurally dependent upon private automobile transportation and individual vehicle ownership for employment, commerce, and daily economic activity.

PREVIEW — Professor Jonathan Healey — The Junto: 17th-Century Reformist Challenge to Monarchical Authority. Healey discusses the "Junto," a seventeenth-century reformist political faction that systematically challenged King Charles I before the English Civil War, functioning as a proto-political party coordinating between the House of Lordsand House of Commons. Healey explains that the term, derived from the Spanish word "junta" meaning "joint," described this coordinated political movement designed to limit monarchical authority and systematically increase parliamentary power over state governance, establishing constitutional precedent for legislative supremacy over executive royal prerogative. 1825 WINDSOR

PREVIEW — Jim McTague — A Tale of Two Economies: Household Budget Constraints. Reporting from Lancaster County, McTague documents the existence of a "tale of two economies" through interviews with a family at Costco, wherein the father asserted that the economy was performing adequately. However, the mother, who manages the household's financial expenditures and budgeting, expressed significant concern that household expenses exceed available resources, making economic survival increasingly difficult. McTague validates the mother's assessment through personal observation of light retail traffic and diminished consumer engagement, suggesting that official economic statistics may mask genuine household financial distress affecting middle-class purchasing power and discretionary spending capacity. DURHAM IRON WORKS

PREVIEW — Brandon Weichert — Jensen Huang and Nvidia's Geopolitical Influence. Weichert identifies Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang as potentially America's most consequential and strategically important technology tycoon, arguing he now surpasses Elon Musk in direct geopolitical influence and institutional power to shape American foreign policy and national security priorities. Weichert suggests that Huang's desire to expand semiconductor chip sales into Chinesemarkets is systematically influencing the Biden administration to soften its national security rhetoric and shift from hawkish threat characterization to dovish diplomatic accommodation regarding Beijing, potentially subordinating American strategic autonomy to Nvidia's commercial interests and market access imperatives. 1958

HEADLINE Presidential Authority Over Independent Boards: The Supreme Court's Trump v. Slaughter Possible Decision GUEST Professor Richard Epstein, Civitas Institute 50 WORD SUMMARY Epstein analyzes the Supreme Court's Trump v. Slaughter case, examining presidential authority to hire and fire independent board members. The decision traces to Humphrey's Executor (1935). Epstein predicts Justice Kavanaugh's uncertain vote due to his prior distinction between single-person agencies and panels. This ruling represents a momentous decision determining presidential executive power scope. 1889

SHOW 12-11-25 CBS EYE ON THE WORLD WITH JOHN BATCHELOR JUNE 1957 THE SHOW BEGINS IN THE DOUBTS ABOUT THE TRUMP COROLLARY  FIRST HOUR 9-915 Ukraine-Russia Conflict and the Transformation of Warfare: Colleague Anatol Lieven discusses the Ukraine-Russia conflict, noting that drone warfare has fundamentally changed battle tactics, analyzing Trump's influence on peace negotiations and suggesting Ukraine risks losing support without concessions, while explaining that EU membership is being offered as a prize in exchange for territorial losses. 915-930 Why Russia Will Not Attack NATO: Colleague Anatol Lieven dismisses fears that Russia intends to attack NATO Baltic states, arguing such a move would lack strategic gain and risk nuclear war, contending these defenses are unnecessary because attacking NATO would unite the West, contrary to Russian interests. 930-945 China's Intellectual Property Theft and the K-Shaped Economy: Colleague Chris Riegel discusses "The Great Heist," a book detailing China's campaign to steal American intellectual property via spies and students, also noting a US consumer slowdown and describing a "K-shaped" economy where lower-income earners struggle with affordability despite infrastructure spending. 945-1000 Iran's Currency Collapse and Legitimacy Crisis: Colleague Jonathan Sayeh reports that Iran's currency has collapsed to historic lows, fueling inflation and social dissatisfaction, explaining that while the regime uses repression and temporary social loosening to maintain control, it faces a legitimacy crisis and difficulty recruiting loyal security forces. SECOND HOUR 10-1015 Warnings Against a US-Saudi Nuclear Deal: Colleague Andrea Stricker warns against a US-Saudi nuclear deal that allows uranium enrichment, advocating for the "gold standard" of non-proliferation, arguing any agreement must include the Additional Protocol for inspections and ensure the US retains a right of return for nuclear materials. 1015-1030 Credit Card Interest Rate Caps Would Harm Low-Income Borrowers: Colleague Veronique de Rugy criticizes proposals by Senators Sanders and Ocasio-Cortez to cap credit card interest rates at 10 percent, arguing price controls will force companies to reduce risk, ultimately denying credit to the low-income borrowers the bill aims to protect. 1030-1045 1045-1100 American Universities Have Abandoned Liberal Education: Colleague Peter Berkowitz argues that American universities have abandoned liberal education, replacing the study of Western civilization with narrow specialization and political agendas, lamenting that students are no longer taught about historical heroes or the realities of the Revolutionary War, depriving them of national identity. THIRD HOUR 1100-1115 James I, Mary Queen of Scots, and the English Succession: Colleague Clare Jackson explains how James I managed the tension between his imprisoned mother, Mary Queen of Scots, and Queen Elizabeth I, noting James protested his mother's execution but prioritized his claim to the English throne, maintaining a complex correspondence with Elizabeth to ensure his succession. 1115-1130 James I's Sea Voyage to Denmark and Dynastic Tragedies: Colleague Clare Jackson details James I's decision to travel by sea to marry Anna of Denmark, viewing it as a dynastic duty despite the risks, also discussing the death of his heir Prince Henry and his daughter's involvement in the conflicts sparking the Thirty Years' War. 1130-1145 James I's Male Favorites and the Madrid Adventure: Colleague Clare Jackson explores James I's intense relationships with male favorites like Robert Carr and George Villiers, noting the political complications these caused, describing the bizarre, risky journey Prince Charles and Villiers took to Madrid in disguise to woo the Spanish Infanta. 1145-1200 James I, American Colonies, and Tobacco Revenue: Colleague Clare Jackson discusses James I's oversight of American colonies like Jamestown, using chartered companies for deniability against Spanish claims, noting his initial opposition to tobacco before accepting its revenue and describing his fluctuating relationship with Parliament regarding funding and military action. FOURTH HOUR 12-1215 Venezuelan Opposition Leader Accepts Nobel Prize in Oslo: Colleague Evan Ellis reports on Venezuelan opposition leader Maria Corina Machado accepting a Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo after escaping her country, outlining a new US national security strategy increasing military presence in the hemisphere and the seizure of a sanctioned oil tanker. 1215-1230 Caribbean Reactions to US Military Operations Against Venezuela: Colleague Evan Ellis analyzes Caribbean reactions to US military operations against Venezuela, noting support from the Dominican Republic and Trinidad and Tobago, explaining that islands like Curacao and Aruba fear becoming targets, while political shifts in St. Vincent offer new cooperation opportunities. 1230-1245 Electoral Chaos in Honduras and Chile's Stark Choice: Colleague Evan Ellis describes electoral chaos in Honduras, where US-backed candidate Asfura leads amidst claims of irregularities and potential unrest, contrasting this with Chile's election where voters choose between conservative Kast and communist "Hara" due to fears of communism or desire for social rights. 1245-100 A China's New White Paper on Latin America: Colleague Evan Ellis details China's new white paper on Latin America, which ignores US pressure and asserts a "full speed ahead" diplomatic and economic approach, emphasizing expanding infrastructure, technology, and security cooperation while securing access to critical commodities like copper.

China's New White Paper on Latin America: Colleague Evan Ellis details China's new white paper on Latin America, which ignores US pressure and asserts a "full speed ahead" diplomatic and economic approach, emphasizing expanding infrastructure, technology, and security cooperation while securing access to critical commodities like copper. JAN 1963

Electoral Chaos in Honduras and Chile's Stark Choice: Colleague Evan Ellis describes electoral chaos in Honduras, where US-backed candidate Asfura leads amidst claims of irregularities and potential unrest, contrasting this with Chile's election where voters choose between conservative Kast and communist "Hara" due to fears of communism or desire for social rights. MARXH 1951

Caribbean Reactions to US Military Operations Against Venezuela: Colleague Evan Ellis analyzes Caribbean reactions to US military operations against Venezuela, noting support from the Dominican Republic and Trinidad and Tobago, explaining that islands like Curacao and Aruba fear becoming targets, while political shifts in St. Vincent offer new cooperation opportunities. OCT 1958

Venezuelan Opposition Leader Accepts Nobel Prize in Oslo: Colleague Evan Ellis reports on Venezuelan opposition leader Maria Corina Machado accepting a Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo after escaping her country, outlining a new US national security strategy increasing military presence in the hemisphere and the seizure of a sanctioned oil tanker. 1954

James I, American Colonies, and Tobacco Revenue: Colleague Clare Jackson discusses James I's oversight of American colonies like Jamestown, using chartered companies for deniability against Spanish claims, noting his initial opposition to tobacco before accepting its revenue and describing his fluctuating relationship with Parliament regarding funding and military action. MAY 1952

James I's Male Favorites and the Madrid Adventure: Colleague Clare Jackson explores James I's intense relationships with male favorites like Robert Carr and George Villiers, noting the political complications these caused, describing the bizarre, risky journey Prince Charles and Villiers took to Madrid in disguise to woo the Spanish Infanta. MARCH 1960

James I's Sea Voyage to Denmark and Dynastic Tragedies: Colleague Clare Jackson details James I's decision to travel by sea to marry Anna of Denmark, viewing it as a dynastic duty despite the risks, also discussing the death of his heir Prince Henry and his daughter's involvement in the conflicts sparking the Thirty Years' War. 1933

James I, Mary Queen of Scots, and the English Succession: Colleague Clare Jackson explains how James I managed the tension between his imprisoned mother, Mary Queen of Scots, and Queen Elizabeth I, noting James protested his mother's execution but prioritized his claim to the English throne, maintaining a compleTE correspondence with Elizabeth to ensure his succession. AUG 1932

American Universities Have Abandoned Liberal Education: Colleague Peter Berkowitz argues that American universities have abandoned liberal education, replacing the study of Western civilization with narrow specialization and political agendas, lamenting that students are no longer taught about historical heroes or the realities of the Revolutionary War, depriving them of national identity. JULY 1953

MICHAEL BERNSTOM, HOOVER INSTITUTION, RUSSIAN FROZEN ASSETS & WHAT IS TO BE DONE? JAN 1961

Credit Card Interest Rate Caps Would Harm Low-Income Borrowers: Colleague Veronique de Rugy criticizes proposals by Senators Sanders and Ocasio-Cortez to cap credit card interest rates at 10 percent, arguing price controls will force companies to reduce risk, ultimately denying credit to the low-income borrowers the bill aims to protect SP 1954.

Warnings Against a US-Saudi Nuclear Deal: Colleague Andrea Stricker warns against a US-Saudi nuclear deal that allows uranium enrichment, advocating for the "gold standard" of non-proliferation, arguing any agreement must include the Additional Protocol for inspections and ensure the US retains a right of return for nuclear materials.

Iran's Currency Collapse and Legitimacy Crisis: Colleague Jonathan Sayeh reports that Iran's currency has collapsed to historic lows, fueling inflation and social dissatisfaction, explaining that while the regime uses repression and temporary social loosening to maintain control, it faces a legitimacy crisis and difficulty recruiting loyal security forces. N 1961

China's Intellectual Property Theft and the K-Shaped Economy: Colleague Chris Riegel discusses "The Great Heist," a book detailing China's campaign to steal American intellectual property via spies and students, also noting a US consumer slowdown and describing a "K-shaped" economy where lower-income earners struggle with affordability despite infrastructure spending. 1955

Why Russia Will Not Attack NATO: Colleague Anatol Lieven dismisses fears that Russia intends to attack NATO Baltic states, arguing such a move would lack strategic gain and risk nuclear war, contending these defenses are unnecessary because attacking NATO would unite the West, contrary to Russian interests. 1965

Ukraine-Russia Conflict and the Transformation of Warfare: Colleague Anatol Lieven discusses the Ukraine-Russia conflict, noting that drone warfare has fundamentally changed battle tactics, analyzing Trump's influence on peace negotiations and suggesting Ukraine risks losing support without concessions, while explaining that EU membership is being offered as a prize in exchange for territorial losses. 1951

PREVIEW — Peter Berkowitz — Classical Liberal Arts Education and Roman Republic Heroes. Berkowitz argues that modern liberal arts education has systematically severed its intellectual connection to Roman Republic heroic figures including Cato and Cicero, classical exemplars of republican virtue and liberty who profoundly inspired the AmericanFounding Fathers and shaped their constitutional vision. Berkowitz laments that few contemporary university students or faculty members possess the requisite cultural heritage, classical education, or imaginative capacity formed by engagement with these ancient standards of philosophical liberty, political virtue, and republican governance, thereby depriving new generations of the intellectual and moral foundations that undergirded American constitutional democracy and republican principles. 1789 NEW YORK

PREVIEW — Evan Ellis — Honduras: Poverty, Corruption, and Migration Crisis. Ellis details the severe structural poverty and endemic corruption plaguing Honduras, characterized by institutionally weak governance frameworks systematically infiltrated by drug trafficking organizations and violent gangs including Mara Salvatucha and Mara 18, which exercise de facto control over substantial territorial jurisdictions. Ellis documents that despite significant recent reductions in homicide rates reflecting improved security conditions, Honduras remains fundamentally unstable, functioning as a major source of Central American and Caribbean migration toward Northern Triangle transit routes to the United States. Ellis notes that domestic Honduran political constituencies are increasingly demanding law-and-order governance and institutional reform to address gang violence, territorial control by criminal organizations, and the dysfunctional state capacity that perpetuates irregular migration and humanitarian crises. 1930 CARACAS

PREVIEW — Anatol Lieven — Baltic States Fortifications and the Improbability of Russian Invasion. Lieven discusses Baltic state border fortification initiatives responding to legitimate security anxieties generated by Russian military operations in Ukraine and historic patterns of Russian territorial expansion and sphere-of-influence assertions. Lievenargues, however, that an actual Russian military invasion of NATO member states remains strategically improbable because attacking alliance members would catastrophically ruin Putin's geopolitical objectives by forcibly uniting Western powers in collective defense and risking direct great-power nuclear confrontation, rather than achieving Putin'sapparent goal of dividing European cohesion and fractioning the transatlantic alliance through coercive diplomacy and limited military operations short of direct NATO engagement. 1913

PREVIEW — Clare Jackson — Prince Charles and the Duke of Buckingham's Secret Spanish Bride Mission. Jacksondetails an "extraordinary" historical episode wherein Prince Charles and the Duke of Buckingham, operating under the transparent disguises of "Jack" and "Tom Smith," clandestinely traveled to Spain to negotiate a Catholic marriage alliance and secure a bride for the English royal succession, thereby resolving sectarian religious conflicts between Protestant England and Catholic Spain. Jackson documents that this dramatic act defied fundamental diplomatic etiquette and negotiation protocols, shocking Spanish royal authorities and effectively imprisoning the English princes in Madrid for approximately six months while political fallout ensued, representing a rare instance of direct royal intervention in diplomatic negotiations transcending conventional ambassadorial channels.

PREVIEW — Chris Riegel — "The Great Heist": China's Intellectual Property Theft Strategy. Riegel argues that Chinahas systematically employed intellectual property theft as a strategic mechanism to advance from technological desperation toward status as a near-peer American rival, systematically acquiring technologies while circumventing legitimate licensing and development pathways. Riegel documents that American corporations frequently ignored or tolerated Chinese IP theft in exchange for access to the lucrative Chinese domestic market, including the Cisco-Huaweicase illustrating corporate preference for market access over intellectual property protection. Riegel acknowledges that China now conducts original research and technological innovation, yet systematically rejects international intellectual property law regimes and refuses to recognize or enforce IP rights, maintaining institutional resistance to the legal frameworks protecting legitimate innovation and development within Western economies. 1922

PREVIEW — Andrea Stricker — Nuclear Safeguards Framework for Saudi Arabia's Reactor Acquisition. Strickeroutlines essential precautions and international safeguard mechanisms necessary to prevent nuclear proliferation resulting from Saudi Arabia's acquisition of advanced nuclear power plant technology and fuel cycle capabilities. Strickerrecommends permanent International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguard protocols and comprehensive additional verification arrangements covering all present and future Saudi nuclear facilities, ensuring Riyadh cannot unilaterally eject IAEA inspectors or rescind international safeguard commitments if the Kingdom subsequently pursues uranium enrichment or nuclear fuel reprocessing activities for weapons development. Stricker emphasizes that binding safeguard protocols are essential to preventing Saudi acquisition of weapons-grade nuclear material and maintaining nonproliferation regime integrity in the Middle East.

SHOW 12-9-25 CBS EYE ON THE WORLD WITH JOHN BATCHELOR 1916 MONTENEGRO THE SHOW BEGINS IN THE DOUBTS ABOUT THE HUBBLE CONSTANT. FIRST HOUR 9-915 Baltic Defenses and NATO's Uncertain Resolve: Colleague Blaine Holt discusses the Baltics preparing defensive "Mino lines" and bunkers fearing a potential Russian attack, noting Baltic citizens feel trapped between NATO bureaucracy and Russian hybrid warfare while doubting NATO's resolve to intervene, arguing diplomatic solutions are necessary as Europe lacks resources for a cohesive defense. 915-930 NATO's Viability and Europe's Demographic Shifts: Colleague Blaine Holt questions NATO's viability through 2050, citing rising US sentiment to withdraw and Europe's demographic shifts due to mass migration, warning that diverging values and economic instability could lead to civil unrest or new geopolitical alignments between Russia, China, and the US. 930-945 European Leaders Meet Zelenskyy Amid Strategic Dilemmas: Colleague Judy Dempsey discusses the "Big Three" European leaders meeting Zelenskyy, questioning their ability to resolve the war without wider coalitions, noting the EU is bypassing unanimity rules to seize Russian assets but struggles with the dilemma of offering Ukraine EU membership while demanding territorial concessions. 945-1000 Europe's Lack of Self-Confidence Facing Global Challenges: Colleague Judy Dempsey criticizes Europe's lack of self-confidence and ambition when facing Trump's transactional administration and Chinese aggression, arguing European leaders complain about US criticism rather than leveraging their own economic power, noting they are "sleepwalking" regarding the auto industry and dependencies on China. SECOND HOUR 10-1015 The National Security Strategy and the First Island Chain: Colleague Steve Yates analyzes the National Security Strategy's focus on the "first island chain" and deterrence against China's bullying of Japan and the Philippines, noting the CCP's obsession with WWII-era Japan for propaganda fails to resonate regionally as neighbors face modern Chinese aggression and grey zone tactics. 1015-1030 Nvidia Chip Sales to China Raise National Security Concerns: Colleague Brandon Weichert reports on the Trump administration approving Nvidia H200 chip sales to China while taking a 25% cut, warning this transactional approach compromises national security by aiding China's military AI, signaling a shift from hawkish policies to favoring business interests like soybeans. 1030-1045 SpaceX Dominance and the Golden Dome Defense Project: Colleague Bob Zimmerman highlights SpaceX's dominance with record-breaking booster reuse and launch frequency compared to rivals, discussing the secretive "Golden Dome" defense project, defects on the Orion capsule's hatch threatening the Artemis mission, and Airbus surprisingly choosing a Chinese satellite constellation for in-flight internet. 1045-1100 Cosmological Crises and Mars Rover Progress: Colleague Bob Zimmerman details cosmological crises including the "Hubble tension" where expansion rates conflict and a baffling 7-hour gamma-ray burst, reporting on Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS images confirming it is a comet rather than a spacecraft, and the Perseverance rover moving toward promising mining terrain on Mars.           THIRD HOUR 1100-1115 The 1605 Gunpowder Plot and Catholic Desperation: Colleague Claire Jackson explains the 1605 Gunpowder Plot as a desperate attempt by Catholics, frustrated by James I's retention of penal laws and peace with Spain, to destroy the Protestant establishment, with the plotters aiming to kill the king and install a puppet Catholic monarch amidst the ensuing chaos. 1115-1130 The Mirror of Great Britain and James I's Violent Childhood: Colleague Claire Jackson explains the "Mirror of Great Britain" jewel symbolizing James I's union plans, though it was destroyed during the Civil Wars, detailing his violent childhood in Scotland, his father Darnley's murder, and his separation from his mother Mary Queen of Scots, which shaped his intellectual upbringing. 1130-1145 The Hampton Court Conference and the King James Bible: Colleague Claire Jackson describes how James I convened the Hampton Court Conference to resolve religious differences, resulting in the King James Bible, highlighting his unique role as an author of works like Basilikon Doron, using print to converse with subjects and establish the divine right of kings. 1145-1200 James I as Ecumenicist Amid Confessional Complexity: Colleague Claire Jackson portrays James I as an ecumenicist seeking accommodation, provided Catholics recognized his temporal authority via an Oath of Allegiance, noting he faced a "confessional complexity" ruling Protestant Scotland and England alongside Catholic Ireland, aiming to isolate radical Jesuits from the loyal majority. FOURTH HOUR 12-1215 Commodities Update from France: Colleague Simon Constable reports from France on unseasonably warm weather and rising copper prices driven by tech demand, noting cocoa prices dropped while coffee remains expensive, discussing farmers' effective non-violent protests in Europe and contrasting European energy shortages with the electricity needs of AI development. 1215-1230 UK Labour's Struggles and the Workers' Rights Bill: Colleague Simon Constable analyzes the UK Labour Party's struggles despite a large majority, citing Keir Starmer's low approval, warning that the return of "Red Rayner" and a new workers' rights bill preventing easy firing could stifle economic growth and deter foreign investment, worsening Britain's debt. 1230-1245 The National Security Strategy as Transatlantic "Divorce Papers": Colleague Blaine Holt argues the National Security Strategy resembles "divorce papers" for a perilous transatlantic relationship, contending Europe, having de-industrialized, refuses Trump's diplomatic efforts to end the Ukraine war, fearing the aftermath of a conflict they cannot sustain against a re-industrialized Russia. 1245-100 AM Penang's Boom Contrasts with China's Decline: Colleague Charles Ortel contrasts Penang's economic boom and diverse hardworking culture with China's decline, discussing China's suppressed financial data and property crisis with Gordon Chang, arguing Western elites were "bought off" by Beijing while investors should demand transparency regarding assets trapped in ChiNA.

Penang's Boom Contrasts with China's Decline: Colleague Charles Ortel contrasts Penang's economic boom and diverse hardworking culture with China's decline, discussing China's suppressed financial data and property crisis with Gordon Chang, arguing Western elites were "bought off" by Beijing while investors should demand transparency regarding assets trapped in ChiNA. 1916

The National Security Strategy as Transatlantic "Divorce Papers": Colleague Blaine Holt argues the National Security Strategy resembles "divorce papers" for a perilous transatlantic relationship, contending Europe, having de-industrialized, refuses Trump's diplomatic efforts to end the Ukraine war, fearing the aftermath of a conflict they cannot sustain against a re-industrialized Russia. 1906

UK Labour's Struggles and the Workers' Rights Bill: Colleague Simon Constable analyzes the UK Labour Party's struggles despite a large majority, citing Keir Starmer's low approval, warning that the return of "Red Rayner" and a new workers' rights bill preventing easy firing could stifle economic growth and deter foreign investment, worsening Britain's debt. 1904