Podcasts about Bavli

Bavli vs Yerushalmi, the Chidush Rav Moshe ZT"L brought to the world. Source Sheet: https://res.cloudinary.com/ouinternal/image/upload/outorah%20pdf/czvs5mgsw3wvgfyzgoud.pdf

Learning Likutei Moharan 35 4 Rebbe Nachman of Breslov about Sleeping Effectively that brings us back to our Source of Chochmah aka Wisdom

Ever wonderedHow does a single women get men these days to look at themFor marriage?We find some intresting detailsFrom the sages in the end of tannis in the Talmud.And there are a number of differences the way it is said in the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmud.

J.J. and Dr. Shai Secunda set Talmudic discourse ablaze. They put the Talmud in its Zoroastrian and Sasanian context, and have bloody good discussion about how Judaism interacted with its socio-religious environment in the first few centuries of the Common Era. Don't forget to rate and review the the show in the podcast app of your choice!Please send any complaints or compliments to podcasts@torahinmotion.orgFor more information visit torahinmotion.org/podcastsDr. Secunda is a religious studies scholar who has taught at universities in Israel and the United States, including the Hebrew University and Yale University, where he was the Blaustein Postdoctoral Fellow. He previously served as a member of the Martin Buber Society of Fellows at Hebrew University in Jerusalem and lecturer in the university's comparative religion and Hebrew literature departments. His academic interests range from rabbinic and Middle Persian literature to classical Jewish history, the Babylonian Talmud in its Sasanian context, Zoroastrianism, and critical approaches to the study of religion, including gender and religion.Professor Secunda is the author of The Iranian Talmud: Reading the Bavli in Its Sasanian Context (2014) and The Talmud's Red Fence: Menstruation and Difference in Babylonian Judaism and Its Sasanian Context (forthcoming with Oxford University Press); and editor of Shoshannat Yaakov: Jewish and Iranian Studies in Honor of Yaakov Elman (with Steven Fine, 2012) and Encounters by the Rivers of Babylon: Scholarly Conversations between Jews, Iranians, and Babylonians in Antiquity (with Uri Gabbay, 2014). He has also contributed book chapters to the Wiley-Blackwell History of Jews and Judaism, and Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Zoroastrianism. He is a member of the Association of Jewish Studies and the International Society of Iranian Studies. Professor Secunda has taught at Bard since 2016.

Din & Daf: Conceptual Analysis of Halakha Through Case Study with Dr. Elana Stein Hain Bava Batra 3b, Bava Batra 8 In this session, we examine several sources within the Bavli about the mitzvah of redeeming captives that conflict with each other, having great impact on decisions about what “cost” or sacrifice is appropriate to expend on saving hostages. Given the resonance of this topic with today's Israeli reality, we also set the stage for 20th century Israeli discussions about this issue. Dr. Elana Stein Hain – dinanddaf@hadran.org.il

A Tale of Two Adars, by Rav Yitzchak Etshalom Why do we delay celebrating Purim until Adar Sheini?  The Mishna in Megila addresses the circumstance where after fully celebrating Purim, the Beit-Din decided to add another month to the year; although the Tosefta records a dissenting opinion, the Mishna rules (and such is the Halakha) that the Megila must be re-read in the "added" Adar - as well as the special Parashot that are read in Adar (Shekalim, Zakhor etc.). To wit, (virtually) all of the Mitzvot unique to Adar may only be fulfilled in Adar Sheini. We explore the Bavli and Yerushalmi's discussion of the various opinions and the rationale provided for ruling in accord with רשב"ג - that the Megila must be read in the Adar that is proximate to Nisan. We discover a curious explanation in the Yerushalmi, along with an innovative understanding of the impact of "מסמך גאולה לגאולה" - keeping the celebration of the redemption from Haman as close as possible the celebration of the Exodus. Source sheet >>

Dedication opportunities are available for episodes and series at  https://ohr.edu/donate/qa   Questions? Comments? podcasts@ohr.edu   Yeshivat Ohr Somayach located in the heart of Jerusalem, is an educational institution for young Jewish English-speaking men. We have a range of classes and programs designed for the intellectually curious and academically inclined - for those with no background in Jewish learning to those who are proficient in Gemara and other original source material. To find the perfect program for you, please visit our website https://ohr.edu/study_in_israel​ whatsapp us at https://bit.ly/OSREGISTER or call our placement specialist at 1-254-981-0133 today!   Subscribe to the Rabbi Breitowitz Q&A Podcast at https://plnk.to/rbq&a   Submit questions for the Q&A with Rabbi Breitowitz https://forms.gle/VCZSK3wQJJ4fSd3Q7   Subscribe to our YouTube Channel at https://www.youtube.com/c/OhrSomayach/videos   00:00 Why has halachic analysis become the weighing of Acharonim even though the last binding text was the Bavli?   13:55 Why is there a difference in birkat hamazon between magdil and migdol?   20:54 How should one handle a relative bringing a non-Jew to a Seder?   27:59 Must one pay for the medical expenses of his victim even if he has insurance?   33:39 Should one forgive someone who has no remorse?   40:26 How can one honor one's parents but still correct problematic behavior?   45:35 What is the halachic perspective on the recent ruling in Alabama?   59:38 If we decide that one who committed suicide could not have 'daas', what then is the case in the Shulchan Aruch?   1:12:26 Is anything unforgivable?   1:23:34 What does it mean that God created time?   1:25:49 Should one be concerned to wear colored shoes?   1:30:36 Is there a Torah value of patriotism, and how does one respond to accusations of dual loyalty?   1:36:10 What is a healthy way to deal with guilt and regret?   1:39:13 Does dina d'malchusa dina apply even to antisemitic governments?   1:43:02 What is the legitimacy of Kabbalah?   1:47:35 What does it matter whether one votes for Shas or Degel or any religious party?   1:52:29 What are the Bible Codes?   You can listen to this and many other Ohr Somayach programs by downloading our app, on Apple and Google Play, ohr.edu and all major podcast platforms. Visit us @ https://ohr.edu  PRODUCED BY: CEDAR MEDIA STUDIOS  

In part 3 of this captivating three-part series, Dr. Jeffrey Rubenstein returns to our podcast to unravel the intricate tapestry of Talmudic narratives surrounding Elisha ben Abuyah, also known as "Aḥer" (the Other), the apostate. Exploring the accounts in the Mishna, Tosefta, Talmud Yerushalmi, and Talmud Bavli, Dr. Rubenstein provides a meticulous analysis of the traditions about Aḥer, examining the striking similarities, nuanced differences, varied approaches, and profound lessons embedded within the various cultural settings of these Aggadic stories. The episodes ponder the contemporary relevance of Aḥer, questioning what insights can be drawn from his enigmatic journey into "Pardes" to his brazen violation of halakha, and more. Join us as we dive into the intricate perspectives of the Sages on the heretic teacher of Rabbi Meir, contemplating the extent to which Torah lessons can be gleaned from a scholar who once stood within the religious fold. An intellectual odyssey awaits as we navigate the complexities of Aḥer's tale and unravel its timeless implications. Join us for episode 3 of 3 in the Aḥer series. (FYI this 3-part series was recorded over a span of a year, so some personal anecdotes should be understood in that context) --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/judaismdemystified/support

Tu Bishvat | Choni, the Carob and the Dream, by Rav Yitzchak Etshalom How are the Choni legends - the long slumber, the carob tree and the rain-circle - related to each other?  In honor of Tu biSh'vat, we explored the story of Honi HaMa'gil (or Hame'agel) and the various Aggadot associated with him, in the scholion of Megilat Ta'anit, the Mishna, Bavli and Yerushalmi - and in Josephus' Antiquities. In our survey we noted that these narratives had a number of conflicting details. We discussed how to address differing narratives about what seems to be the same event and proposed several strategies for resolving these discrepancies. The shiur was given at GPATS (Graduate Program for Advanced Talmudic Studies) at Stern College for Women.

⬜️ Daf Hayomi en français Ce chiour est donné par Rav David Maman en 5775. Sous l'égide Rav Israel Abib, dafhayomi.fr diffuse les chiourim de daf hayomi dispensées par la Yechiva Ohavei Toretekha (Tocqueville Paris / Raanana). Les chiourim sont disponibles en audio (podcast) et Video, la veille en fin de soirée. Rav Israel Abib dirige les institutions Yeshiva Ohavei Torateha (Tocqueville Paris - Raanana) ainsi que le site dafhayomi.fr Retrouvez tous les chiourim de Rav Israel Abib (Paracha, Education, Moussar, Hagim... )sur la chaîne suivante

⬜️ Daf Hayomi en français Ce chiour est donné par Rav David Maman en 5775. Sous l'égide Rav Israel Abib, dafhayomi.fr diffuse les chiourim de daf hayomi dispensées par la Yechiva Ohavei Toretekha (Tocqueville Paris / Raanana). Les chiourim sont disponibles en audio (podcast) et Video, la veille en fin de soirée. Rav Israel Abib dirige les institutions Yeshiva Ohavei Torateha (Tocqueville Paris - Raanana) ainsi que le site dafhayomi.fr Retrouvez tous les chiourim de Rav Israel Abib (Paracha, Education, Moussar, Hagim... )sur la chaîne suivante

⬜️ KIDOUCHIN BAVLI 63 |

⬜️ Daf Hayomi en français Ce chiour est donné par Rav David Maman en 5775. Sous l'égide Rav Israel Abib, dafhayomi.fr diffuse les chiourim de daf hayomi dispensées par la Yechiva Ohavei Toretekha (Tocqueville Paris / Raanana). Les chiourim sont disponibles en audio (podcast) et Video, la veille en fin de soirée. Rav Israel Abib dirige les institutions Yeshiva Ohavei Torateha (Tocqueville Paris - Raanana) ainsi que le site dafhayomi.fr Retrouvez tous les chiourim de Rav Israel Abib (Paracha, Education, Moussar, Hagim... )sur la chaîne suivante

⬜️ Daf Hayomi en français Ce chiour est donné par Rav David Maman en 5775. Sous l'égide Rav Israel Abib, dafhayomi.fr diffuse les chiourim de daf hayomi dispensées par la Yechiva Ohavei Toretekha (Tocqueville Paris / Raanana). Les chiourim sont disponibles en audio (podcast) et Video, la veille en fin de soirée. Rav Israel Abib dirige les institutions Yeshiva Ohavei Torateha (Tocqueville Paris - Raanana) ainsi que le site dafhayomi.fr Retrouvez tous les chiourim de Rav Israel Abib (Paracha, Education, Moussar, Hagim... )sur la chaîne suivante

⬜️ Daf Hayomi en français Ce chiour est donné par Rav David Maman en 5775. Sous l'égide Rav Israel Abib, dafhayomi.fr diffuse les chiourim de daf hayomi dispensées par la Yechiva Ohavei Toretekha (Tocqueville Paris / Raanana). Les chiourim sont disponibles en audio (podcast) et Video, la veille en fin de soirée. Rav Israel Abib dirige les institutions Yeshiva Ohavei Torateha (Tocqueville Paris - Raanana) ainsi que le site dafhayomi.fr Retrouvez tous les chiourim de Rav Israel Abib (Paracha, Education, Moussar, Hagim... )sur la chaîne suivante

⬜️ Daf Hayomi en français Ce chiour est donné par Rav David Maman en 5775. Sous l'égide Rav Israel Abib, dafhayomi.fr diffuse les chiourim de daf hayomi dispensées par la Yechiva Ohavei Toretekha (Tocqueville Paris / Raanana). Les chiourim sont disponibles en audio (podcast) et Video, la veille en fin de soirée. Rav Israel Abib dirige les institutions Yeshiva Ohavei Torateha (Tocqueville Paris - Raanana) ainsi que le site dafhayomi.fr Retrouvez tous les chiourim de Rav Israel Abib (Paracha, Education, Moussar, Hagim... )sur la chaîne suivante

⬜️ Daf Hayomi en français Ce chiour est donné par Rav David Maman en 5775. Sous l'égide Rav Israel Abib, dafhayomi.fr diffuse les chiourim de daf hayomi dispensées par la Yechiva Ohavei Toretekha (Tocqueville Paris / Raanana). Les chiourim sont disponibles en audio (podcast) et Video, la veille en fin de soirée. Rav Israel Abib dirige les institutions Yeshiva Ohavei Torateha (Tocqueville Paris - Raanana) ainsi que le site dafhayomi.fr Retrouvez tous les chiourim de Rav Israel Abib (Paracha, Education, Moussar, Hagim... )sur la chaîne suivante

⬜️ Daf Hayomi en français Ce chiour est donné par Rav David Maman en 5775. Sous l'égide Rav Israel Abib, dafhayomi.fr diffuse les chiourim de daf hayomi dispensées par la Yechiva Ohavei Toretekha (Tocqueville Paris / Raanana). Les chiourim sont disponibles en audio (podcast) et Video, la veille en fin de soirée. Rav Israel Abib dirige les institutions Yeshiva Ohavei Torateha (Tocqueville Paris - Raanana) ainsi que le site dafhayomi.fr Retrouvez tous les chiourim de Rav Israel Abib (Paracha, Education, Moussar, Hagim... )sur la chaîne suivante

⬜️ KIDOUCHIN BAVLI 51 |

⬜️ KIDOUCHIN BAVLI 50 |

⬜️ Daf Hayomi en français Ce chiour est donné par Rav David Maman en 5775. Sous l'égide Rav Israel Abib, dafhayomi.fr diffuse les chiourim de daf hayomi dispensées par la Yechiva Ohavei Toretekha (Tocqueville Paris / Raanana). Les chiourim sont disponibles en audio (podcast) et Video, la veille en fin de soirée. Rav Israel Abib dirige les institutions Yeshiva Ohavei Torateha (Tocqueville Paris - Raanana) ainsi que le site dafhayomi.fr Retrouvez tous les chiourim de Rav Israel Abib (Paracha, Education, Moussar, Hagim... )sur la chaîne suivante

See all recordings at https://www.rabbinics.org/daf-yomi-bridge.

In this episode we look at several other passages from the Babylonian Talmud that oddly, anachronistically, and in contrast to sources from Eretz Yisrael, are set in Yavneh. We propose that the Bavli wanted to "bundle" these passages together so that we read them in light of one another. And what does that yield? That the Bavli envisioned the rabbinic leaders of that generation dealing with pressing theological and political issues that arose in the generation after the defeat of Bar Kokhba. We look (again) at the institution of the fourth berakhah of Birkat Hamazon, the successive exiles of the Sanhedrin, and a discussion among the tanna'im about the causes of a terrible disease. This sets the stage for the more famous discussion between Rabbi Shimon Bar Yohai and Rabbi Yehuda Bar Ilai concerning attitudes toward Rome.

Rabbi Shimon bar Yohai (Rashbi) is one of the most evocative figures in Jewish history. Not only is he one of the greatest tanna'im and a primary disciple of Rabbi Akiva, but he is credited with composing the Zohar during the thirteen years that he lived in a cave, hiding from the Romans. In this series, we will look not only at the famous aggadot about Rabbi Shimon Bar Yohai from Shabbat 33b-34a, but at a series of passages from the Gemara that broaden the story into something much bigger. Throughout the series, I will offer occasional historical and methodological points about the composition of the Gemara (specifically the Bavli) and how to learn it. We will make extensive use of parallel passages from elsewhere in Rabbinic literature in order to understand what the Bavli's editors are trying to teach when they reshape the materials they received into the stories before us. This is not a history series. We may occasionally discuss historical events, but the primary focus is to understand the Gemara itself. In this first episode, we discuss the setting of the Rashbi stories: when and where Rashbi lived, who his contemporaries were, who his teachers and students were, and what momentous events transpired in his lifetime.

In For Out of Babylonia Shall Come Torah and the Word of the Lord from Nehar Peqod (Brill, 2017), Barak S. Cohen reevaluates the evidence in Tannaitic and Amoraic literature of an independent "Babylonian Mishnah" which originated in the proto-Talmudic period. The book focuses on an analysis of the most notable Halakhic corpora that have been identified by scholars as originating in the Tannaitic period or at the outset of the Amoraic. If indeed such an early corpus did exist, what are its characteristics and what, if any, connection does it have with the parallel Palestinian collections? Was this Babylonian Mishnah created in order to harmonize the Palestinian Mishnah with a corpus of rabbinic teachings already existent in Babylonia? Was this corpus one of the main contributors to the forced interpretations and resolutions found so frequently in the Bavli? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/intellectual-history

In For Out of Babylonia Shall Come Torah and the Word of the Lord from Nehar Peqod (Brill, 2017), Barak S. Cohen reevaluates the evidence in Tannaitic and Amoraic literature of an independent "Babylonian Mishnah" which originated in the proto-Talmudic period. The book focuses on an analysis of the most notable Halakhic corpora that have been identified by scholars as originating in the Tannaitic period or at the outset of the Amoraic. If indeed such an early corpus did exist, what are its characteristics and what, if any, connection does it have with the parallel Palestinian collections? Was this Babylonian Mishnah created in order to harmonize the Palestinian Mishnah with a corpus of rabbinic teachings already existent in Babylonia? Was this corpus one of the main contributors to the forced interpretations and resolutions found so frequently in the Bavli? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/religion

In For Out of Babylonia Shall Come Torah and the Word of the Lord from Nehar Peqod (Brill, 2017), Barak S. Cohen reevaluates the evidence in Tannaitic and Amoraic literature of an independent "Babylonian Mishnah" which originated in the proto-Talmudic period. The book focuses on an analysis of the most notable Halakhic corpora that have been identified by scholars as originating in the Tannaitic period or at the outset of the Amoraic. If indeed such an early corpus did exist, what are its characteristics and what, if any, connection does it have with the parallel Palestinian collections? Was this Babylonian Mishnah created in order to harmonize the Palestinian Mishnah with a corpus of rabbinic teachings already existent in Babylonia? Was this corpus one of the main contributors to the forced interpretations and resolutions found so frequently in the Bavli? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

In For Out of Babylonia Shall Come Torah and the Word of the Lord from Nehar Peqod (Brill, 2017), Barak S. Cohen reevaluates the evidence in Tannaitic and Amoraic literature of an independent "Babylonian Mishnah" which originated in the proto-Talmudic period. The book focuses on an analysis of the most notable Halakhic corpora that have been identified by scholars as originating in the Tannaitic period or at the outset of the Amoraic. If indeed such an early corpus did exist, what are its characteristics and what, if any, connection does it have with the parallel Palestinian collections? Was this Babylonian Mishnah created in order to harmonize the Palestinian Mishnah with a corpus of rabbinic teachings already existent in Babylonia? Was this corpus one of the main contributors to the forced interpretations and resolutions found so frequently in the Bavli? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/jewish-studies

In For Out of Babylonia Shall Come Torah and the Word of the Lord from Nehar Peqod (Brill, 2017), Barak S. Cohen reevaluates the evidence in Tannaitic and Amoraic literature of an independent "Babylonian Mishnah" which originated in the proto-Talmudic period. The book focuses on an analysis of the most notable Halakhic corpora that have been identified by scholars as originating in the Tannaitic period or at the outset of the Amoraic. If indeed such an early corpus did exist, what are its characteristics and what, if any, connection does it have with the parallel Palestinian collections? Was this Babylonian Mishnah created in order to harmonize the Palestinian Mishnah with a corpus of rabbinic teachings already existent in Babylonia? Was this corpus one of the main contributors to the forced interpretations and resolutions found so frequently in the Bavli? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/middle-eastern-studies

In For Out of Babylonia Shall Come Torah and the Word of the Lord from Nehar Peqod (Brill, 2017), Barak S. Cohen reevaluates the evidence in Tannaitic and Amoraic literature of an independent "Babylonian Mishnah" which originated in the proto-Talmudic period. The book focuses on an analysis of the most notable Halakhic corpora that have been identified by scholars as originating in the Tannaitic period or at the outset of the Amoraic. If indeed such an early corpus did exist, what are its characteristics and what, if any, connection does it have with the parallel Palestinian collections? Was this Babylonian Mishnah created in order to harmonize the Palestinian Mishnah with a corpus of rabbinic teachings already existent in Babylonia? Was this corpus one of the main contributors to the forced interpretations and resolutions found so frequently in the Bavli? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Wout J. van Bekkum's The Religious Poetry of El'azar Ben Ya'aqov Ha-Bavli (Baghdad, 13th C.) (Brill, 2022) is a comprehensive edition of Hebrew hymns composed by Eleazar the Babylonian, a prolific composer and scholar who lived in 13th-century Baghdad. His poetic language and style show much affinity with contemporary Sufism. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Wout J. van Bekkum's The Religious Poetry of El'azar Ben Ya'aqov Ha-Bavli (Baghdad, 13th C.) (Brill, 2022) is a comprehensive edition of Hebrew hymns composed by Eleazar the Babylonian, a prolific composer and scholar who lived in 13th-century Baghdad. His poetic language and style show much affinity with contemporary Sufism. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/literary-studies

Wout J. van Bekkum's The Religious Poetry of El'azar Ben Ya'aqov Ha-Bavli (Baghdad, 13th C.) (Brill, 2022) is a comprehensive edition of Hebrew hymns composed by Eleazar the Babylonian, a prolific composer and scholar who lived in 13th-century Baghdad. His poetic language and style show much affinity with contemporary Sufism. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/jewish-studies

Wout J. van Bekkum's The Religious Poetry of El'azar Ben Ya'aqov Ha-Bavli (Baghdad, 13th C.) (Brill, 2022) is a comprehensive edition of Hebrew hymns composed by Eleazar the Babylonian, a prolific composer and scholar who lived in 13th-century Baghdad. His poetic language and style show much affinity with contemporary Sufism. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/middle-eastern-studies

Wout J. van Bekkum's The Religious Poetry of El'azar Ben Ya'aqov Ha-Bavli (Baghdad, 13th C.) (Brill, 2022) is a comprehensive edition of Hebrew hymns composed by Eleazar the Babylonian, a prolific composer and scholar who lived in 13th-century Baghdad. His poetic language and style show much affinity with contemporary Sufism. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/biography

Chanuka, Bein Mizrach leMaarav, by Rav Yitzchak Etshalom The famous Beraita which details the various standards of fulfillment of the Mitzva of Ner Chanuka (BT Shabbat 21b) is, on careful inspection, challenging and replete with both inherent and contextual difficulties. A careful examination of other relevant sugyot relating to מצות הדלקת נר חנוכה reveal that there was an essential difference in both practice and approach to this Mitzva between the Bavli practice and that maintained in Eretz Yisrael. By carefully reexamining that popular Beraita, we can discern a "Bavli layer" and an "Eretz Yisrael" layer which, once successfully woven together, present us with the unified hierarchy of practices. This shiur was given in memory of Mrs. Evelyn Graber z"l Source sheet >>

Tune in this week as Rabbi Genevieve Greinetz weaves together the words of the Bavli, Ancient Greek Philosophers, contemporary literature, and her own thoughts on finding women's voices in our ancient texts, and Rabbi Jane Kanarek discusses the importance of observing Talmud with an assumption of women's presence, rather than an assuming their absence.   Get full show notes and more information here: http://hebrewcollege.edu/podcast-15

Ki Tesse LaMilchama - The different ways of understanding Eshet Yefat Toar - The Beautiful captured Woman The Various opinions that differe between the Yerushalmi and The Bavli, the difference between Rambam and Ramban. How is it possible for a soldier who is sinless and pure to fall prey to the desire for a battlefield captive?