Podcasts about Gemara

Rava establishes further laws regarding physical anomalies that render a lung a treifa. If cysts appear on the lung, a single cyst does not disqualify the animal, whereas two distinct cysts render it a treifa. Rava provides a method to inspect an ambiguous cyst to determine whether it is a single divided structure or two separate entities. Regarding the lobes of the lung - which normally consist of three on the right and two on the left – Rava rules that deviations from this norm disqualify the animal. Meriemar permitted an extra lobe provided it is perfectly aligned with the natural row. However, if an extra lobe develops internally facing the heart, its status is disputed, as Rav Huna Mar bar Avia notes that this configuration is common in wild animals, and therefore permits it. Rafram rules that a lung resembling a wood chip is a treifa, a tradition that receives five distinct interpretations in the Gemara to clarify in what way it is similar to a wood chip – in color or in feel. Rava delineates which lung discolorations are valid and which are problematic, a discussion expanded upon by Rav Kahana and Rav Sama regarding specific shades and appearances. Ravina addresses a scenario where a lobe of the lung fails to inflate, explaining that a test must be performed to determine if the lack of airflow is due to a fatal defect or merely a temporary obstruction. Ulla rules that if the internal tissue of the lung liquefies, the animal remains kosher because internal decay does not compromise the outer membrane. Rava qualifies this leniency, limiting it to cases where the primary bronchial tubes remain intact, and Rav Ashi outlines the practical examination method to verify their structural integrity.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

What is the minimal remnant required to remain of the liver to keep the animal kosher when it is damaged or partially missing? Although our Mishna implies that any minimal amount is sufficient, another Mishna explicitly requires an olive-bulk. Rav Yosef resolves the contradiction by explaining that each Mishna reflects a different Tannaitic position. The established halakha dictates that a size of an olive-bulk is required, and the Amoraim dispute whether this piece must remain specifically where the gallbladder is located, or where the liver attaches to its lifelines; Rav Papa rules that an olive-bulk is required in both locations. Regarding perforations of the lung, the Gemara explains that the lung is surrounded by two membranes, an outer membrane and an inner membrane. If only one membrane is punctured, the second membrane that remains intact protects it, and the lung remains kosher. To diagnose a lung that is suspected of leaking air, Rav Yosef suggests one test involving a feather and a second involving water. In the water test, the lung is placed inside a bowl of lukewarm water and inflated. If the water bubbles, this proves that it contains a disqualifying perforation; if no bubbling appears, the sound is attributed only to air trapped between the membranes, and the lung remains kosher. Rava establishes rules regarding various changes in the appearance and structure of the lung. External peelings, multiple changes in color, or spots of different shades generally do not disqualify the animal. Conversely, if a part of the lung is dry to the extent that it crumbles under a fingernail, the animal is disqualified as a treifa. The Gemara discusses the laws of lung adhesions (sirchot). An adhesion between two lobes that occurs out of their natural anatomical order constitutes an absolute defect that cannot be tested, while an adhesion occurring in their normal order is considered a natural growth and remains kosher.

We conclude the daily Korbanot section with "Rabbi Yishmael Omer" – a Berayta (passage by a Tanna) authored by the great sage Rabbi Yishmael, listing the thirteen methods with which the Sages extracted Halachot from the text of the Torah. If one wishes to extract oil from the ground, it is not enough to know where the oil is located – he needs the right machinery to extract the oil from beneath the ground. Likewise, to deduce Halachot from the Biblical text, one needs to have the "tools," the rules by which the Halacha can be determined based on a careful analysis of the text. The first of these "tools" is Kal Va'homer, whereby a conclusion is reached through logical deduction, by noting that the Halacha applies in a less intuitive context. An analogy would be a person concluding that he can lift a certain heavy object after seeing that someone weaker than him was able to lift it. An example of a Kal Va'homer in the Torah is G-d's announcement of Miriam's punishment for speaking Lashon Ha'ra. He said that if Miriam's father had angrily scorned her, she would be ashamed for an entire week, so certainly, now that Hashem has scorned her by having her stricken with Sara'at, she should remain outside the camp for a week (Bamidbar 12:14). The second of Rabbi Yishmael's thirteen methods is Gezera Shava – extending a Halacha that applies in one context to a different context on the basis of a common word shared by these two areas of Halacha. Likely the most famous Gezera Shava is the connection drawn by the Sages between Pesach and Sukkot. The Torah establishes an obligation to eat Masa on the night of Pesach, the 15 th of Nissan, and the Sages deduced that on the first night of Sukkot one is similarly required to eat bread in the Sukka. As the Torah requires observing Pesach on "Hamisha Asar" – the "15 th " of Nissan, and it requires observing Sukkot on "Hamisha Asar" – the 15 th of Tishreh, we may infer that the obligation that applies on the night of Pesach applies also on Sukkot. Hence, one must eat bread in the Sukka on the first night of Sukkot just as one must eat Masa on the first night of Pesach. (Throughout the rest of Sukkot, although one who wishes to eat bread must do so in the Sukka, he does not have an obligation to eat bread in the Sukka; this obligation applies only on the first night.) The Tur writes that we recite this Berayta at the end of the Korbanot section between it is the introduction to Torat Kohanim – the Halachic Midrash on the Book of Vayikra, which focuses on the sacrifices, and is thus relevant to the topic of sacrifices. Furthermore, this Berayta appears in the Gemara (Yoma 33a), and thus by incorporating it as part of our daily prayer service, we ensure to learn some Gemara each day (just as reciting Ezehu Mekoman each day ensures the daily study of Mishna).

The Gemara moves on to the mishnah''s case of an animal that was missing a liver -- which is surely a treyfa -- but what if an olive's worth remained? That seems to define the animal as a kosher animal. But less than a "kezayit" amount of the liver seems that it would get that treyfa distinction. Also, 4 rulings - listed with a mnemonic. Including the case of creepy crawlies - and the question of them not bleeding, with implications for Shabbat -- all as a parallel to a punctured (or not!) lung. But note throughout here the lack of attack among the sages, despite all the differences of opinion, and with practical implications.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

In this continuation of the "Rainmaker" narratives from Tractate Ta'anit, Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe explores profound lessons about poverty, faith, honesty, prayer, and personal responsibility. The episode opens with the moving story of Rabbi Elazar ben Pedas, who lived in extreme poverty yet maintained unwavering faith. Through a remarkable dream-like encounter with Hashem, he demonstrates acceptance of Divine providence and a refusal to seek personal gain at the expense of others—even in the World to Come. The discussion then turns to the Torah's uncompromising standard of honesty. Rabbi Wolbe shares powerful contemporary examples illustrating the mitzvah of returning lost property and conducting business with integrity. Whether it's returning forgotten cash hidden inside a desk or correcting a pricing error that benefits you, true righteousness means doing what's right because Hashem commands it—not because anyone else is watching. The latter portion of the episode returns to the Talmud's stories of prayer for rain, emphasizing that a generation's spiritual state affects the effectiveness of its leaders' prayers. The episode culminates with a profound lesson on gratitude and perspective: complaints generate more negativity, while appreciation and positive expectation create opportunities for greater blessing. Rabbi Wolbe teaches that our words, attitudes, and outlook shape the spiritual reality we experience. _____________The Thinking Talmudist Podcast shares select teachings of Talmud in a fresh, insightful and meaningful way. Many claim that they cannot learn Talmud because it is in ancient Aramaic or the concepts are too difficult. Well, no more excuses. In this podcast you will experience the refreshing and eye-opening teachings while gaining an amazing appreciation for the divine wisdom of the Torah and the depths of the Talmud._____________This Podcast Series is Generously Underwritten by David & Susan MarbinRecorded at TORCH Meyerland in the Levin Family Studios (B) to a live audience on March 27, 2026, in Houston, Texas.Released as Podcast on June 15, 2026_____________Listen, Subscribe & Share: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/thinking-talmudist-podcast-rabbi-aryeh-wolbe/id1648951154Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0cZ7q9bGYSBYSPQfJvwgzmShare your questions at aw@torchweb.org or visit torchweb.org for more Torah content._____________About the Host:Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe, Director of TORCH in Houston, brings decades of Torah scholarship to guide listeners in applying Jewish wisdom to daily life.  To directly send your questions, comments, and feedback, please email: awolbe@torchweb.org_____________Support Our Mission:Help us share Jewish wisdom globally by sponsoring an episode at torchweb.org. Your support makes a difference!_____________Listen MoreOther podcasts by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe: NEW!! Hey Rabbi! Podcast: https://heyrabbi.transistor.fm/episodesPrayer Podcast: https://prayerpodcast.transistor.fm/episodesJewish Inspiration Podcast: https://inspiration.transistor.fm/episodesParsha Review Podcast: https://parsha.transistor.fm/episodesLiving Jewishly Podcast: https://jewishly.transistor.fm/episodesThinking Talmudist Podcast: https://talmud.transistor.fm/episodesUnboxing Judaism Podcast: https://unboxing.transistor.fm/episodesRabbi Aryeh Wolbe Podcast Collection: https://collection.transistor.fm/episodesFor a full listing of podcasts available by TORCH at http://podcast.torchweb.org_____________Keywords:#Talmud,  #Gemara, #Taanit, #Rainmaker, #Faith, #Emunah, #Honesty, #Integrity, #PositiveMindset, #Gratitude, #DivineProvidence, #PersonalGrowth, #CharacterDevelopment, #SpiritualGrowth, #AttitudeMatters, #Blessings, #MindsetShift, #LiveWithPurpose ★ Support this podcast ★

In this continuation of the "Rainmaker" narratives from Tractate Ta'anit, Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe explores profound lessons about poverty, faith, honesty, prayer, and personal responsibility. The episode opens with the moving story of Rabbi Elazar ben Pedas, who lived in extreme poverty yet maintained unwavering faith. Through a remarkable dream-like encounter with Hashem, he demonstrates acceptance of Divine providence and a refusal to seek personal gain at the expense of others—even in the World to Come. The discussion then turns to the Torah's uncompromising standard of honesty. Rabbi Wolbe shares powerful contemporary examples illustrating the mitzvah of returning lost property and conducting business with integrity. Whether it's returning forgotten cash hidden inside a desk or correcting a pricing error that benefits you, true righteousness means doing what's right because Hashem commands it—not because anyone else is watching. The latter portion of the episode returns to the Talmud's stories of prayer for rain, emphasizing that a generation's spiritual state affects the effectiveness of its leaders' prayers. The episode culminates with a profound lesson on gratitude and perspective: complaints generate more negativity, while appreciation and positive expectation create opportunities for greater blessing. Rabbi Wolbe teaches that our words, attitudes, and outlook shape the spiritual reality we experience. _____________The Thinking Talmudist Podcast shares select teachings of Talmud in a fresh, insightful and meaningful way. Many claim that they cannot learn Talmud because it is in ancient Aramaic or the concepts are too difficult. Well, no more excuses. In this podcast you will experience the refreshing and eye-opening teachings while gaining an amazing appreciation for the divine wisdom of the Torah and the depths of the Talmud._____________This Podcast Series is Generously Underwritten by David & Susan MarbinRecorded at TORCH Meyerland in the Levin Family Studios (B) to a live audience on March 27, 2026, in Houston, Texas.Released as Podcast on June 15, 2026_____________Listen, Subscribe & Share: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/thinking-talmudist-podcast-rabbi-aryeh-wolbe/id1648951154Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0cZ7q9bGYSBYSPQfJvwgzmShare your questions at aw@torchweb.org or visit torchweb.org for more Torah content._____________About the Host:Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe, Director of TORCH in Houston, brings decades of Torah scholarship to guide listeners in applying Jewish wisdom to daily life.  To directly send your questions, comments, and feedback, please email: awolbe@torchweb.org_____________Support Our Mission:Help us share Jewish wisdom globally by sponsoring an episode at torchweb.org. Your support makes a difference!_____________Listen MoreOther podcasts by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe: NEW!! Hey Rabbi! Podcast: https://heyrabbi.transistor.fm/episodesPrayer Podcast: https://prayerpodcast.transistor.fm/episodesJewish Inspiration Podcast: https://inspiration.transistor.fm/episodesParsha Review Podcast: https://parsha.transistor.fm/episodesLiving Jewishly Podcast: https://jewishly.transistor.fm/episodesThinking Talmudist Podcast: https://talmud.transistor.fm/episodesUnboxing Judaism Podcast: https://unboxing.transistor.fm/episodesRabbi Aryeh Wolbe Podcast Collection: https://collection.transistor.fm/episodesFor a full listing of podcasts available by TORCH at http://podcast.torchweb.org_____________Keywords:#Talmud,  #Gemara, #Taanit, #Rainmaker, #Faith, #Emunah, #Honesty, #Integrity, #PositiveMindset, #Gratitude, #DivineProvidence, #PersonalGrowth, #CharacterDevelopment, #SpiritualGrowth, #AttitudeMatters, #Blessings, #MindsetShift, #LiveWithPurpose ★ Support this podcast ★

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

What is the minimal remnant required to remain of the liver to keep the animal kosher when it is damaged or partially missing? Although our Mishna implies that any minimal amount is sufficient, another Mishna explicitly requires an olive-bulk. Rav Yosef resolves the contradiction by explaining that each Mishna reflects a different Tannaitic position. The established halakha dictates that a size of an olive-bulk is required, and the Amoraim dispute whether this piece must remain specifically where the gallbladder is located, or where the liver attaches to its lifelines; Rav Papa rules that an olive-bulk is required in both locations. Regarding perforations of the lung, the Gemara explains that the lung is surrounded by two membranes, an outer membrane and an inner membrane. If only one membrane is punctured, the second membrane that remains intact protects it, and the lung remains kosher. To diagnose a lung that is suspected of leaking air, Rav Yosef suggests one test involving a feather and a second involving water. In the water test, the lung is placed inside a bowl of lukewarm water and inflated. If the water bubbles, this proves that it contains a disqualifying perforation; if no bubbling appears, the sound is attributed only to air trapped between the membranes, and the lung remains kosher. Rava establishes rules regarding various changes in the appearance and structure of the lung. External peelings, multiple changes in color, or spots of different shades generally do not disqualify the animal. Conversely, if a part of the lung is dry to the extent that it crumbles under a fingernail, the animal is disqualified as a treifa. The Gemara discusses the laws of lung adhesions (sirchot). An adhesion between two lobes that occurs out of their natural anatomical order constitutes an absolute defect that cannot be tested, while an adhesion occurring in their normal order is considered a natural growth and remains kosher.

Welcome to Daily Bitachon. We are now winding down Sha'ar HaBechina [The Gate of Reflection], looking at how we realize Hashem created the world, commit to serving Him, and ultimately learn to rely on Him. But never forget that the little bit we see with our physical eyes is just a fraction of reality; there is a much larger picture out there. The Zohar tells us about the existence of entirely different spiritual worlds. We have God's Kissei HaKavod —the Throne of Glory, so to speak—where we perceive His absolute control over the cosmos. Then we have the world of the angels, Olam HaMalachim , where the various holy hosts reside. Among them are angels who do nothing but constantly declare, " Kadosh, Kadosh, Kadosh ." The Zohar explains that from sunrise to sunset, they are continuously saying " Kadosh ," and from the moment the sun sets until it rises again, they say " Baruch kevod... " There are massive angelic forces up there constantly praising Hashem's Name! Yet, as great and powerful as these angels are, the Gemara in Tractate Chullin (91b) drops that unbelievable line: אין מלאכי השרת אוֹמְרִים שִׁירָה לְמַעְלָה עַד שֶׁיֹּאמְרוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמַטָּה "The ministering angels do not sing praise above until Israel sings below on earth." The angels cannot say Kedushah above until we, the Jewish people, initiate it down here. Think back to our mashal [parable] of the king: with all of his vast empire, the king right now is focused entirely on this one sweet bird. We are Hashem's children, and our voices are sweet to Him. As the verse says, " Hashmi'eni et kolech "—"Let Me hear your voice." If God is literally waiting to hear our voices before listening to the angels, and He has the boundless ability to feed all of those massive heavenly hosts, shouldn't we realize that we can completely rely on Him? The beauty of it is that this exact lesson is built right into our daily prayers. Everything is inside our tefillah . Rav Shlomo Wolbe once said that all the core fundamentals of Judaism are hidden right in our Siddur; we just have to open our eyes and find them. Take a look at how it flows. We start off the blessings before the morning Shema with the words: " Yotzer or u'vorei choshech "—"Who fashions light and creates darkness." We begin by talking about the physical universe and the orbital luminaries. But then, right in the middle of discussing the sun and the moon, we suddenly switch gears. We begin describing God as the Borei Kedoshim —the Fashioner of holy ministering servants. We launch into a breathtaking description of what these angels do: they stand at the summit of the universe and proclaim with awe, together loudly, the words of the living God and King of the universe. We describe them as beloved, flawless, mighty, and holy. They perform the will of their Maker with dread and reverence. They open their mouths in holiness, purity, and song, and they bless, praise, glorify, sanctify, revere, and declare the kingship of Hashem, the great, mighty, and awesome King. The prayer goes on to describe how they accept upon themselves the yoke of heavenly sovereignty from one another, granting permission to each other to sanctify the One who formed them. With tranquility, with clear articulation, and with sweetness, they all proclaim His holiness as one, saying with awe: " Kadosh, Kadosh, Kadosh... " Then the Ofanim and the Chayot HaKodesh respond with a thunderous noise: " Baruch kevod Hashem mi'mekomo "—"Blessed is the glory of Hashem from His place." Then, right after this intense depiction of the angelic choir, the Siddur switches gears back to the physical universe, concluding the blessing with: " Baruch Ata Hashem, yotzer ha'me'orot "—"Blessed are You Hashem, Creator of the luminaries." Did you ever notice that question? What in the world are angels doing right in the middle of a discussion about the sun, the moon, and the stars? It's a classic question. I was once told an answer in the name of Rabbi Eliyahu Lopian (which he passed on to Rav Wolbe): Hashem is telling us, "Let's learn from the angels." Look at how the angels proclaim God's kingship, and let's emulate them. In fact, there is a custom brought down by the Ben Ish Chai in the name of the great Ashkenazi Kabbalist, Rabbi Nathan Shapira of Krakow. He notes that before we step back and take our three steps forward for the Amidah , we give a slight nod of greeting to those around us. Why? To show signs of peace and friendship to each other, just like the angels do before they praise God. We want to act angelic as we approach prayer. We even hold our feet tightly together during the Amidah to emulate them. Before you emulate the angels, you have to see what they are about. They accept God's kingdom with love and harmony among themselves. That means we have to get along and be unified before we declare Shema Yisrael Hashem Elokeinu Hashem Echad . But there is a second answer to our question, based on the teachings of the Chafetz Chaim. When you talk about the creation of the world—about the sun and the moon—you might think that's the entire story. You look out with your physical eyes and think, "Okay, this is the extent of God's power." And then, if you look at this physical world and see havoc, chaos, and a world running completely wild, you panic and ask, "How can I rely on Him to fix this?" So the Siddur tells us to take a step back. Hold on. You see the sun and the moon? That is not the whole story. The reality is vastly greater. There are layers of angels up there praising God, who see the inner gears of the universe. And for all their immense greatness, they can't utter a single sound until we respond down here. Are you actually worried that the King can't take care of you? Look at how holy and significant we are. All of creation needs sustenance, and God sustains the angels too. The only difference is that we eat physical food and they eat spiritual food. But make no mistake: angels need nourishment. They don't just live on thin air. Nothing exists independently on its own strength except for God. The Tomer Devorah discusses this at length. Every time we do a mitzvah , we create a holy angel. If a person commits an aveira [sin], chas v'shalom , they create a destructive angel. Those angels require spiritual energy to survive. What do they "eat"? They live on the energy of our actions. And what did we eat when we were elevated? We ate the food of angels! How do we know this? King David writes in Tehillim (78:25): " Lechem abirim achal ish "—"Man ate the bread of the mighty ones." Tractate Yoma (75b) explicitly explains that this means the Jewish people literally ate the food of the ministering angels—the Manna—while traveling through the desert. In the wilderness, Hashem treated us exactly like He treats the angels. We didn't need coarse, physical food; we survived on pure spiritual light. Rabbi Eliyahu de Vidas writes in his classic work, Reshit Chochma ( Sha'ar HaKedushah , Chapter 15), that even today, there are elite talmidei chachamim [Torah scholars] who can live primarily on spiritual energy. He explains that this is why certain sages could go two or three days without eating a single thing—because the mazon haTorah (the spiritual nourishment of the Torah itself) kept them physically full. That is how Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai and his son survived in the cave for thirteen years. This brings us right back to the incredible historical account recorded by Rabbi Yisrael of Shklov in his introduction to Pe'at HaShulchan . He describes his master, the Vilna Gaon, and how radically little he ate. The Gaon ate only two tiny meals a day, taking a piece of dry bread no larger than a kezayit [the size of an olive], dipping it in water, and consuming it. That was it! And yet, Rabbi Yisrael records that the Gaon remained physically strong, resilient, and robust. Where did that physical strength come from? It came from the literal application of the verse: "Man does not live by bread alone, but by all that comes from the mouth of Hashem." The Torah itself became his physical fuel. Great tzaddikim tapped directly into that spiritual nourishment, which proves that God can sustain a person in the most wondrous, supernatural ways whenever He wills it. When you think about these concepts—about the sheer scale of God's power and His intimate love for us—how can you not place your ultimate trust in Him? With this profound realization, we officially conclude Sha'ar HaBechina and read the final, beautiful words of the Chovos HaLevavos : והאלהים ישימנו מאנשי עבודתו "May God place us among those who serve Him," המכירים עניני טובתו ברחמיו ובחסדיו אמן "who recognize the matters of His goodness, through His mercy and His kindness. Amen." נשלם השער השני — The second gate is now complete. אל אדני אקרא ויענני — "To Hashem I shall call out, and He will answer me." We see from here that when a person truly identifies God within creation, they are fully prepared to call out and be answered. That recognition is the ultimate runway for our daily Amidah . Now that we have journeyed through Sha'ar HaBechina , stop for a moment, absorb the greatness, and make that prayer. Mabruk and a massive Mazal Tov to all of us on completing this incredible journey of over 100 classes!

Pictures Under what conditions do perforations, cracks, or missing fragments in the windpipe render an animal or bird a treifa? How do perforations add up to the requisite amount needed to determine the animal is a treifa? The Sages delineate specific measurements for damage to the windpipe, depending on the type of perforation. For a crack along its length, the organ remains kosher provided that a little remains intact at the beginning and the end of the windpipe. The Sages discuss the precise anatomical boundaries of several vital organs, as these definitions carry significant halakhic weight across multiple areas of law. This includes defining the exact parameters of the neck to establish the zone permitted for ritual slaughter, and identifying the borders of the chest to isolate the specific cut of meat designated for the kohen from a peace offering. Furthermore, the Sages map out the exact perimeters of the brain and the heart to establish the critical zones where a perforation of any minimal size immediately disqualifies the animal as a treifa. Rav and Shmuel disagree regarding the threshold size of a perforation in the aorta (the primary artery originating from the heart) that renders an animal a treifa. Rav maintains that a puncture of any minimal size is fatal, whereas Shmuel rules that the animal is only deemed a treifa if the majority of the aorta's circumference is perforated or severed. What are the precise boundaries of the spinal cord, and what specific injuries make it a treifa? The Gemara establishes the lower boundary of the spinal cord up to which physical trauma affects the animal's halakhic status. An animal is rendered a treifa if its spinal cord is severed, or if the internal neural tissue undergoes severe degradation, such as liquefying or softening to the point where the structural integrity of the cord is lost.

As part of the Korbanot section of the morning prayer service, we read the Mishnayot of the fifth chapter of Masechet Zebahim – the chapter of Ezehu Mekoman. This chapter goes through all the various sacrifices that were offered in the Bet Ha'mikdash, and concisely tells us the procedure required for each sacrifice. One reason we read this chapter is so that through our reading, we will be considered as though we actually brought the sacrifices and receive atonement. But additionally, we read this chapter as a fixed daily regimen of Torah learning. By incorporating this reading into our daily prayer, we ensure to learn Mishnayot each day. However, if this is the reason for reciting these Mishnayot, then we must understand what we read. Reading Mishna, or Gemara, without understanding the meaning of the text has no value. When it comes to prayer, although we are of course encouraged and urged to try to pray with Kavana (concentration), our Rabbis taught that there is value to our prayers even without understanding the words. If a person prays with sincere feelings and emotions, then his prayers are accepted regardless of he actually understands the words. But this does not apply to Torah learning. If a person reads a Torah text without understanding what he read, he is not credited with the Misva of Torah study. (The exception is the reading of the Zohar, which has value even if one does not understand what he reads.) Therefore, in order for our daily reading of Ezehu Mekoman to have value and to be considered as Torah study, we must learn the text so we understand what we are saying. This point is made by Hacham Ovadia Yosef. Some add that we recite specifically this chapter each morning because of its unique characteristic – all the information is presented unanimously, without any disagreements. Throughout the Mishnayot we find Mahlokot – disagreements among the Tanna'im regarding the Halachot under discussion. In the chapter of Ezehu Mekoman, however, there are no disagreements. Every Halacha is unanimous, and not subject to debate. This makes this chapter special and worthy of our daily study. Furthermore, I heard many years ago from Rav Meir Mazuz (1945-2025) that this chapter consists of 345 words – the Gematria of the name "Moshe." This alludes to the fact that all the information presented in this chapter regarding the offering of the sacrifice was taught to Moshe at Mount Sinai.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Pictures Under what conditions do perforations, cracks, or missing fragments in the windpipe render an animal or bird a treifa? How do perforations add up to the requisite amount needed to determine the animal is a treifa? The Sages delineate specific measurements for damage to the windpipe, depending on the type of perforation. For a crack along its length, the organ remains kosher provided that a little remains intact at the beginning and the end of the windpipe. The Sages discuss the precise anatomical boundaries of several vital organs, as these definitions carry significant halakhic weight across multiple areas of law. This includes defining the exact parameters of the neck to establish the zone permitted for ritual slaughter, and identifying the borders of the chest to isolate the specific cut of meat designated for the kohen from a peace offering. Furthermore, the Sages map out the exact perimeters of the brain and the heart to establish the critical zones where a perforation of any minimal size immediately disqualifies the animal as a treifa. Rav and Shmuel disagree regarding the threshold size of a perforation in the aorta (the primary artery originating from the heart) that renders an animal a treifa. Rav maintains that a puncture of any minimal size is fatal, whereas Shmuel rules that the animal is only deemed a treifa if the majority of the aorta's circumference is perforated or severed. What are the precise boundaries of the spinal cord, and what specific injuries make it a treifa? The Gemara establishes the lower boundary of the spinal cord up to which physical trauma affects the animal's halakhic status. An animal is rendered a treifa if its spinal cord is severed, or if the internal neural tissue undergoes severe degradation, such as liquefying or softening to the point where the structural integrity of the cord is lost.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

In this week's parasha , Shelach , the Jewish People were tested in emunah and bitachon and they failed. Kalev tried to give them chizuk , saying, "Hashem wants us to go in, we have nothing to fear." But it didn't help. The pasuk says סלחתי כדבריך ואולם חי אני – Hashem forgave them but they were not going to be allowed into Eretz Yisrael . Most mefarshim explain סלחתי כדבריך to mean Hashem forgave them for the עגל, but not for the meraglim . And that's why they were not allowed into Israel. The reason both sins are mentioned in the same pasuk is because both of them were due to a lack of bitachon . By the עגל, Hashem tested the people by showing them a vision which made it appear that Moshe Rabbenu was not coming back. They knew that the mann was in the merit of Moshe and so they feared without Moshe they would go hungry. Their test was they should have realized Hashem is the One supporting them. It is true that Hashem gives us things in the merit of tzaddikim , but He also gives us new tzaddikim when the ones we had were taken away. The Gemara says that one time the entire world was being sustained in the merit of Rabbi Chanina ben Dosa. But what happened when Rab Chanina ben Dosa passed away? There was still sustenance being given. The reason is because it is Hashem who gives sustenance and He is never bound by any one means to give it. The Jewish People received water in the midbar in the merit of Miriam. But when Miriam passed away, Hashem still continued giving them water in the zechut of Moshe. The Clouds of Glory were given in the merit of Aharon, but when Aharon passed away, Hashem brought the clouds back in the merit of Moshe. Then when Moshe passed away, Hashem continued helping His People through Yehoshua. Hashem is always the One who is taking care of us and He wants us to feel that in our hearts. He wants us to internalize that He is unlimited and has infinite ways of helping. When someone had an avenue of parnasa that is no longer producing the same money it used to, this person is being tested with the same type of test. Is he going to believe that it was the means that was supporting him, or that it was Hashem? No matter how good a person thinks he used to have it, Hashem could always make it even better. A man said his wife works as a nurse's aid at people's homes. Before she gave birth, she worked for a nice old lady and they both enjoyed the relationship and the pay was good too. When she gave birth, a substitute was put there instead and when her paid vacation ended, the substitute didn't want to leave. She too had fallen in love with this nice old lady. Instead of making a fuss about it, the man's wife set out to start over from the beginning. She tried several places but nothing was available. Frustrated, she started getting angry at the substitute who took her job. But then she caught herself and worked on her emunah. She managed to remove the anger from her heart and feel at ease, knowing she was in Hashem's Hands. The very same afternoon that she was finally calm, she got a call from an agency with a new offer. The lady she was given to work for was also very sweet like the other lady. This job gave her more hours and more pay and was much closer to her house. She thought she had it good before and would never get the same opportunity, now she has it much better. We are never dependent on one means in any area of life. Hashem is the One who provides the means and He is unlimited. And we are to know that He was, is and always will be there to help us. Shabbat Shalom.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Study Guide Picture What are the defects and traumas that render an animal a treifa? The Mishna lists various categories, such as a perforated gullet, a severed windpipe, a perforated brain membrane, a perforated heart chamber, a broken spine and a severed spinal cord, a completely removed liver, as well as various perforations or tears to the lungs, stomach, gallbladder, small intestines, and rumen. The list also includes severe external trauma, such as falling from a roof, having a majority of the ribs broken, or being clawed by specific predators. The Mishna establishes the overarching rule: any animal afflicted with a defect or injury such that a similar animal cannot survive is deemed a treifa. Resh Lakish derives the principle that a treifa cannot survive from the verse, "These are the living things which you may eat," teaching that only an animal capable of living is permitted for consumption, whereas one that cannot live is forbidden. Conversely, the opposing view holds that a treifa can survive, deriving from the same verse that a specific type of animal that is capable of living is permitted for consumption, while another animal that is capable of living (the treifa) is forbidden. However, after the Gemara rejects this proof from the verse, it brings another verse to support the opinion that a treifa can survive: "Between the living thing that may be eaten and the living thing that may not be eaten." The Mishna's list does not include all cases, as there are additional cases of treifot—four that are referenced by the acronym BSGR, and another seven Amoraic traditions known as the "shev (seven) shematata." Although these cases are not explicitly mentioned in the Mishna, they can be derived from the rule stated at its end, according to which any animal that is incapable of living is considered a treifa. However, how can the tannaitic tradition of the school of Rabbi Yishmael, which limits the list of treifot to exactly eighteen, be reconciled? After a failed attempt, the Gemara settles the count according to Rabbi Yishmael by grouping all types of perforations into one broad category and all types of severed parts into another single category, thereby reconciling the calculated total with all the treifot appearing in the various lists.

Chapter 3! A focus on the slaughtering of kosher animals -- and what makes an animal kosher (as compared to a treyfa, which is a kosher kind of animal, but some blemish prevents it from being kosher upon shechitah). Which is to say: a new mishnah -- that lists 18 "defects" that make an animal a treyfa in detail - and then because of the animal's status, the shechitah cannot be kosher. Plus, what is the source in the Torah for this concern about a treyfa? That should be obvious - it's an explicit verse, but what about the position that a treyfa has to be an animal that won't live from the defect? That source is provided - Leviticus 11. Also, the Gemara adds another 7 ways an animal could become a treyfa. With a mnemonic to remember them -- and a strong question why they weren't included in the 18.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Study Guide Picture What are the defects and traumas that render an animal a treifa? The Mishna lists various categories, such as a perforated gullet, a severed windpipe, a perforated brain membrane, a perforated heart chamber, a broken spine and a severed spinal cord, a completely removed liver, as well as various perforations or tears to the lungs, stomach, gallbladder, small intestines, and rumen. The list also includes severe external trauma, such as falling from a roof, having a majority of the ribs broken, or being clawed by specific predators. The Mishna establishes the overarching rule: any animal afflicted with a defect or injury such that a similar animal cannot survive is deemed a treifa. Resh Lakish derives the principle that a treifa cannot survive from the verse, "These are the living things which you may eat," teaching that only an animal capable of living is permitted for consumption, whereas one that cannot live is forbidden. Conversely, the opposing view holds that a treifa can survive, deriving from the same verse that a specific type of animal that is capable of living is permitted for consumption, while another animal that is capable of living (the treifa) is forbidden. However, after the Gemara rejects this proof from the verse, it brings another verse to support the opinion that a treifa can survive: "Between the living thing that may be eaten and the living thing that may not be eaten." The Mishna's list does not include all cases, as there are additional cases of treifot—four that are referenced by the acronym BSGR, and another seven Amoraic traditions known as the "shev (seven) shematata." Although these cases are not explicitly mentioned in the Mishna, they can be derived from the rule stated at its end, according to which any animal that is incapable of living is considered a treifa. However, how can the tannaitic tradition of the school of Rabbi Yishmael, which limits the list of treifot to exactly eighteen, be reconciled? After a failed attempt, the Gemara settles the count according to Rabbi Yishmael by grouping all types of perforations into one broad category and all types of severed parts into another single category, thereby reconciling the calculated total with all the treifot appearing in the various lists.

Chazal teach that a person should not take leave of his friend through ordinary conversation, laughter, lightheadedness, or idle words, but through a dvar halacha because through that, “he remembers him.”Why are endings so spiritually powerful? Why does the Gemara specifically require halacha, not simply Torah? And why is the Gemara's example connected to Adam HaRishon, Bavel, and the palm trees of Babylonia?In this final shiur of the Tomer Devorah year, Rav Burg explores the inner meaning of goodbye. A goodbye is not merely the end of an encounter. It is a threshold, the delicate space between presence and absence, where memory is formed and meaning is encoded.When we part from another person, we can escape the vulnerability of the moment through joking, distraction, or empty chatter. Or we can leave them with something life-giving. A dvar halacha is Torah that becomes movement, a path forward. It says: I may be leaving, but I am not leaving you empty.Through the image of the palm tree, Chazal reveal the secret of healthy attachment: even when branches spread outward, there remains one heart. Even in Bavel, the place of exile, confusion, and fragmentation, there can still be inner unity.True connection does not create dependency. It helps another person internalize light, direction, and strength. And sometimes, the people we meet awaken Torah within us that we did not even know we were carrying.

Three difficulties are raised from tannaitic sources against the opinion of Rav Nachman, Rav Avram, and Rav Yitzchak that a person cannot forbid property that is not theirs (ein adam oser davar she'eino shelo), and they are resolved. The first difficulty is from the braita regarding a sin offering slaughtered outside the Temple for idol worship, which the Gemara resolves by explaining that since the sacrifice achieves atonement for the owner, it is legally considered his own property. The second difficulty is from the Mishna regarding two people holding a knife where one slaughters for an idol, and the third is from a braita regarding one who renders another's property impure, mixes it with tithed produce, or pours it as an idolatrous libation. The Gemara resolves these by explaining that the individual has a financial partnership in the item. The Gemara suggests that the debate between Rav Huna and Rav Nachman is a tannaitic dispute, quoting a dispute regarding whether a gentile can forbid a Jew's wine by offering it up as a libation to idols. Rav Nachman, however, rejects the comparison, as a Jew who does the same thing would be doing it just to annoy his friend, and does not really intend to worship the idol. Some difficulties are raised against this theory from tannaitic sources, but are resolved by explaining them as referring to cases where the Jew is an apostate. The Mishna rules that one may not slaughter an animal directly into seas, rivers, or vessels because it looks to others like they are offering it to an idol (mar'it ayin). However, it is permitted to slaughter into a circular pool of water, which Rava clarifies must be murky. Furthermore, one may not slaughter directly into a pit (gumma) anywhere, but the Mishna then permits doing so in one's house. Abaye and Rava each resolve this seemingly contradictory statement in different manners, and Rava rejects Abaye's explanation. Rava explains that a person may slaughter next to a pit in their private courtyard so that the blood flows into it to keep the yard clean. In the marketplace, even this is strictly forbidden to prevent copying heretical practices (minim), and anyone who does so must be investigated for heresy. A braita is brought to support Rava's explanation. The Mishna establishes that slaughtering a non-sacrifice (chullin) for the sake of a sacrifice that can be voluntarily vowed or donated - such as an olah, asham talui, or todah - renders the shechita invalid, whereas Rabbi Shimon permits it. The rabbis are concerned that people will see this and think that one can slaughter sacrifices outside the Temple. Conversely, slaughtering for sacrifices that cannot be voluntarily vowed, like a sin offering, is valid, as people will assume the slaughterer is just saying it is for the sake of that offering but does not really intend to offer a sacrifice outside the Temple.

2 mishnayot! The first one includes the details about a non-believing Jew who participates in shechitah, and whether that shechitah would be kosher. And the mishnah is preceded by Gemara that includes a discussion of a Jewish apostate. The mishnah includes what manner of disposing of the blood of kosher shechitah are acceptable and which are problematic because they smack of idolatry. The second mishnah lists ways of dedicating one's shechitah in ways that make it invalid. Plus other key variations on intent and the way one's actions might be misinterpreted.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

What is the status of an animal slaughtered to items connected to the ground, like mountains, seas, rivers or deserts? The Mishna rules that the shechita is invalid, but the assumption from the Mishna is that it is not prohibited for benefit. The Gemara challenges this from a braita which states that such slaughter renders the animal an idolatrous sacrifice (zivchei meitim), which is forbidden for benefit. Abaye resolves this by distinguishing between slaughtering to the item itself - which only disqualifies the shechita - and slaughtering to the angel or deity of the landmark (gadda), which renders it forbidden from any benefit. Can a person render someone else's property forbidden by performing an act of idolatry with it? Rav Huna rules that if a friend's animal is lying before an idol and someone slaughters one siman for the idol, the animal becomes forbidden. He relies on the principle of Ulla that while merely bowing to another's animal does not forbid it, performing a physical action (ma'aseh) directly on the animal does forbid it. A difficulty is raised against Rav Huna from a braita regarding one who slaughters a sin offering on Shabbat outside the Temple courtyard for an idol, who is held liable for three distinct sin offerings. If the animal becomes forbidden at the first siman, as per Rav Huna's position, the completion of the slaughter should not trigger the liability for slaughtering outside the Temple, as it would merely be slaughtering a disqualified animal that would no longer be considered a sacrifice. The Gemara offers two resolutions - applying the case to a bird sin offering where the slaughterer specifies that his intent for idol worship will only take effect upon the completion of the slaughter, or in the shechita of a bird sin offering where half the windpipe was already slit, and in this case the shechita was completed in one small action. Rav Nachman, Rav Avram, and Rav Yitzchak disagree with Rav Huna and reaffirm the established principle that a person cannot forbid something that is not theirs (ein adam oser davar she'eino shelo) even by performing an action on the item. A difficulty is raised against this position from the braita quoted above with the interpretation given above.

Learn a daily class on a Daf of Gemara, the perfect Daf Yomi class; clear and engaging shiurim from Rabbi Avraham Meyer Zajac. Or browse the series for classes on any Masechta and tractate of your choice.

What is the default assumption regarding a gentile's intent when an animal is slaughtered? The rabbis hold that we do not automatically assume a gentile intends it for idol worship unless he explicitly says so, while Rabbi Eliezer holds a gentile's default intent is for idol worship. Rabbi Yosi argues that even if he does intend it for idol worship, we do not say that one person's intent affects another person's act of slaughter. The Gemara presents two ways to explain this dispute and whether the principle of one person intending and another performing the action applies outside the Temple just as it does inside. What is the status of an animal if the slaughter was performed with the intent to perform a later part of the service, like throwing the blood or burning the fat, for idol worship? Rabbi Yochanan rules that the animal is disqualified because we can transfer intent from one action to another, and we learn the laws outside the Temple from the laws inside. Reish Lakish rules that it is permitted because we do not transfer intent from one action to another outside the Temple. The Gemara notes they hold the same argument regarding internal Temple sacrifices and l'shma intent, and then explains why it was necessary to state that they argue in both cases. A difficulty is raised against Rabbi Yochanan and Reish Lakish from Rabbi Yosi's position in the Mishna, but is resolved. A braita is then brought to support Rabbi Yochanan's position. What is the law if someone performs shechita and only thinks about sprinkling the blood for idol worship after the slaughter is finished? The Gemara cites a case in Caesarea where the Sages did not rule whether it was forbidden or permitted. The issue is whether or not a later action or statement retroactively proves the initial intent. After attempting to connect their ruling with the rabbis' and Rabbi Eliezer's positions, that suggestion is rejected and they say it connects with Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel's ruling. However, the Gemara tries to figure out which ruling of Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel it connects to. Rav Yehuda says in the name of Shmuel that the halakha follows Rabbi Yosi, meaning the gentile's intent does not disqualify the Jew's shechita. The Gemara brings a story where gentiles gave animals to a Jewish butcher and stated the blood and fat were for them, and it was permitted. Rav Ashi qualifies that if a gentile gives money to a Jewish butcher under Rabbi Eliezer's view, it is only forbidden if the gentile is powerful enough that the butcher cannot refuse his intent.