Podcasts about eretz yisrael

In this episode of the 18Forty Podcast, we talk to Elana Moskowitz, an educator at Michlelet Mevasseret Yerushalayim, about how her American Jewish upbringing shaped her life and worldview.Moskowitz grew up Orthodox in America in the 1990s—alongside her brother David Bashevkin—before moving to Israel and joining a Haredi community in Jerusalem. In this episode we discuss: —What is the unique new contribution of American Judaism to the Jewish story? —What have been the successes and failures of Judaism on American shores? —How do familial and institutional influences shape the lives we believe we ought to lead?Tune in to hear an inside conversation about the Bashevkin family and what it means to live in a medina shel chesed.Interview begins at 19:40. Mrs. Elana Moskowitz grew up in New York and earned her B.Ed in English from Michlalah Jerusalem College. She is a passionate and energetic educator who has been teaching and mentoring in various seminaries in Eretz Yisrael for the past 25 years. She currently teaches at Michlelet Mevasseret Yerushalayim (MMY) where she heads their second-year program. In addition to guest lecturing for both Anglo and Israeli-American women, Elana is a writer for Mishpacha magazine where she develops and contributes Torah content. She lives with her husband and children in Yerushalayim.References:“An apology from your American Jewish parents” by David Magerman“A Kosher Home” by Elana Moskowitz“​​The Grandfather I Thought I Knew” by Elana Moskowitz"Sounds of My Childhood” by Elana MoskowitzReb Mendel and His Wisdom by Yisroel Greenwald“When life is like weaving a quilt” with Frieda Vizel“Yiddishkeit Without Ideology: A Letter To My Son” by Moshe KoppelFor more 18Forty:NEWSLETTER: 18forty.org/joinCALL: (212) 582-1840EMAIL: info@18forty.orgWEBSITE: 18forty.orgIG: @18fortyX: @18_fortyWhatsApp: join hereBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/18forty-podcast--4344730/support.

Welcome to Daily Bitachon Welcome to Daily Bitachon. Having completed Sha'ar Habechina , we are now going to switch to a more timely topic. We find ourselves in the month of Tammuz , which brings the fast of the 17th of Tammuz, followed by the month of Av and its respective fast. I would like to spend some time understanding the deeper dimensions of these months. Personally, seeing how perfectly planned and intricate the events of Jewish history are always provides a powerful chizuk in emunah , which naturally leads to deeper bitachon . To fully appreciate this, we need some background. We are not in a rush, so we will take our time to truly understand it. This framework is based largely on the teachings of the Ben Ish Chai (in Parashat Devarim ), where he discusses these concepts at length. The Three Dimensions of Conflict: Place, Person, and Time First, the Ben Ish Chai notes that the twelve months of the year are fundamentally broken down into four sets of three, aligned with the solar cycle—what we know as the four seasons. Secondly, we know that from the womb, there was a perpetual struggle between Yaakov and Esav . They fought over everything in existence, categorized by the classic framework of Place, Person, and Time . These are the three core dimensions of our existence: a person lives in a place and moves through time . Place: They struggled over the land of Eretz Yisrael . Person: They struggled over who would hold the status of the Bechorah (the birthright). Time: They struggled over who would control the different seasons of the year. The Summer Cycle: Grabbing the Heel Looking at the summer cycle, Yaakov claimed the spring months of Nissan, Iyar, and Sivan —the three months of Chodesh Ha'aviv . This is a beautiful, spiritually rich period: Nissan contains Pesach, Iyar holds the bulk of Sefirat Ha'omer, and Sivan brings Matan Torah. Yaakov Avinu fought for these three wonderful months and claimed them as his own. Then, the intense heat of the summer begins—a period of strict, intense judgment. This is where Esav takes over. This aligns with the fact that Esav calculates by the sun, and the sun is at its strongest during this time. Esav was originally slated to receive Tammuz, Av, and Elul . However, the Torah emphasizes that Yaakov grabbed Esav's heel at birth, earning him the name Yaakov (from Ekev , meaning heel). This teaches us that each of these three-month cycles has a "heel," or a tail end. Yaakov pulled the heel of this summer cycle—the month of Elul —back into his own domain. This converted what would have been an equal three-and-three split into an unequal four-month to two-month split in favor of Yaakov. The Winter Cycle: Venahapoch Hu We see the exact same pattern repeat during the winter months. Tishrei, Cheshvan, and Kislev belong to Yaakov. Tishrei is the month of the High Holidays. Cheshvan, though it contains no holidays, serves as the time to review and process the spiritual gains of the Chagim . Finally, Kislev brings the light of Chanukah. The next three months— Tevet, Shevat, and Adar —should have belonged to Esav. Tevet contains the fast of Asara B'Tevet . Shevat shares a root with the word Shevet , which means a whipping stick or a staff of judgment, signifying that Shevat also carries an element of strict justice. Adar was also supposed to belong to Esav, but once again, Yaakov grabbed the heel of the cycle and pulled Adar back. This is the deeper secret behind the phrase Venahapoch hu —it was completely turned around. Ultimately, this leaves Esav with only four distinct months of intense judgment throughout the year: Tammuz, Av, Tevet, and Shevat . The Spiritual Mechanics of Heat and Cold It is fascinating to see how something as everyday as the twelve months and the changing seasons trace back to the foundational conflict between Yaakov and Esav. Furthermore, the winter and summer concepts relate directly to the ideas of severe cold and severe heat. What do hot and cold have to do with our spiritual lives? It might sound intense, but our tradition teaches that while Gehenom is made of fire—which is what most people know—there is also a Gehenom of snow. There is a realm of extreme heat (like the Sahara Desert) and a realm of extreme cold (like the North Pole). Both are incredibly difficult environments for life. These two extremes correspond to the two primary ways we stumble: Intense Heat: This represents the burning pursuit of desires and lust. Intense Cold: This represents a state of freezing, spiritual paralysis, and laziness. In the winter months, our primary challenge is to overcome the "cold" of laziness and not simply stay in bed. In the summer months, our challenge is to control the "heat" and not follow our desires. The Gehenom of fire is the consequence of chasing unbridled passion, while the Gehenom of snow is for frozen apathy. Esav is constantly trying to entrap us in these two areas. As Rashi notes, when Esav walked in to receive a blessing from his father Yitzchak, Yitzchak saw Gehenom open up behind him. Esav is the one who ultimately aligns with Gehenom , while Yaakov and his children inherit Gan Eden and Olam HaBa . Historical Precision as a Source of Chizuk These spiritual dynamics repeat themselves every single year. As we overcome the specific trials of the summer and winter, we emerge clean. The calendar is not random or haphazard. Tammuz and Av are months of strict judgment because they are Esav's remaining summer months of intense, severe heat. It is no coincidence that this was the exact time of year the Beit HaMikdash was destroyed by fire. The historical convergence is remarkable. The First Beit HaMikdash , the Second Beit HaMikdash , the Spanish Inquisition, and the outbreaks of both World War I and World War II all heavily converged around this specific window of the year. Rav Eliyahu Lopian once beautifully remarked that if the enemy only realized that the Jewish people actually derive a chizuk in emunah from the fact that these tragic events repeatedly happen at the exact same calendar window, they would have intentionally chosen a different time to attack us! Recognizing that everything is so precisely designed and orchestrated by Hakadosh Baruch Hu is profoundly comforting. It serves to strengthen our emunah and bitachon , giving us the tools to navigate and elevate these challenging times of the year.

This class explores how the Jewish people, on the verge of entering Eretz Yisrael, faced refusal from neighboring nations to pass through their land. The narrative is examined as both a historical event and a metaphor for overcoming spiritual obstacles on the journey toward holiness. https://www.torahrecordings.com/classes/by_parsha/004_bamidbar/006_chukas/017

One of the fundamental principles of emunah is recognizing that when Hashem wants to help someone, He has endless ways of doing so. We naturally look for salvation through the avenues that we can see, but Hashem is never limited to those avenues. He can provide exactly what we need in ways we could never anticipate. A man related that his daughter needed a $20,000 loan toward the purchase of an apartment in Eretz Yisrael. His brother, who lived in Florida, generously agreed to lend her the money and planned to send it by wire transfer. This took place shortly before Yom Kippur, and the payment on the apartment was due shortly after Succot. After Yom Kippur, his daughter became concerned that the money still had not been transferred and asked her father to remind his brother. He spoke to him, and the brother assured him that he would take care of it soon. Succot arrived, and still no transfer. The daughter was feeling tremendous pressure. The payment deadline was approaching, and international transfers often take several days to clear. But her father refused to make additional calls during Chol HaMoed. "Hashem has His plans," he told her. "You'll get the money when you need it." Then came Simchat Torah and the tragic events of October 7. A few days later, the brother finally sent the money. The transfer took several days to reach Israel, and the dollars were converted into shekalim at the exchange rate that existed on the day the funds arrived. Before the war, the dollar had been trading at approximately 3.7 shekalim. But after the turmoil that followed, the dollar strengthened dramatically against the shekel. On the exact day the money reached the account, the exchange rate climbed to 4.06 shekalim per dollar, one of the highest rates in many years. As a result, the very same $20,000 produced approximately 7,000 extra shekalim. A week later, the exchange rate began falling again. Since the loan eventually had to be repaid in dollars, and the exchange rate later dropped significantly, she would need far fewer shekalim to repay the same amount. In effect, Hashem ended up giving her tens of thousands of extra shekalim toward her apartment at no cost. Looking back, it became clear that what initially appeared to be an annoying delay was actually part of a carefully orchestrated plan to help her in a way that nobody could have foreseen. A similar lesson can be seen from the following story. A representative traveling on behalf of Keren Olam HaTorah, which is raising money to support the yeshivot in Eretz Yisrael, related that due to government funding cuts and the challenges facing the Torah world, tremendous sums of money are needed to keep the yeshivot functioning. While visiting a certain city, he approached a wealthy individual and asked if he would host a gathering in his home. The man happily agreed. He offered to open his house and pay for all the food and expenses associated with the event. However, he made it clear that he did not intend to contribute any money toward the cause. Several days before the event, the wealthy man happened to be going through some old papers that had belonged to his grandfather, who shared the exact same name as he did. Among the documents, he discovered a decades-old letter from Rav Shlomo Wolbe addressed to his grandfather. Many years earlier, Rav Wolbe had helped arrange his grandfather's shidduch. Out of gratitude, the grandfather had sent Rav Wolbe thirty dollars. Rav Wolbe replied with a heartfelt letter thanking him, but explaining that he did not want to accept payment for helping with the shidduch. Instead, he wrote that there was a pressing need in Eretz Yisrael to support yeshiva students(it also mentioned difficulties with them being drafted to the army) and encouraged him to direct the money toward that cause. He added that if the donor wished to contribute more, it would be a tremendous zechut. The wealthy man sat there stunned. The letter was addressed to his own name. It was as if Rav Wolbe himself was speaking directly to him, urging him to support Torah students in Eretz Yisrael during a time of great need. He viewed it as a clear message from Hashem and proceeded to contribute an extraordinarily large sum. These stories teach us a powerful lesson. We often think that our livelihood, success, or financial assistance depends on specific individuals. We believe that if a certain person says yes, everything will work out, and if he says no, the opportunity has been lost. But that is not how Hashem runs the world. Hashem can make a delayed transfer become worth thousands more than an on-time transfer. He can arrange for a letter written decades ago to inspire a donation that seemed impossible only days earlier. He can provide assistance in ways that we could never imagine. Our job is to make a normal hishtadlut and trust in Him. Very often, when something appears to be delayed, blocked, or unavailable, we assume that help is not coming. In reality, Hashem may already be preparing something far better than what we had in mind. We must remember that the source of our salvation is never a person, a bank, a donor, an employer, or the market. The true Source is always Hashem, and His ability to help us is unlimited. When He decides it is time to send a blessing, it can arrive in ways that leave us standing in awe of His incredible hashgachah.

Teddy Berman grew up in the Syrian community in Flatbush, went to college, worked in finance — and then got the itch. Almost ten years of learning later, he's back in the driver's seat, building a family in Yerushalayim and trying to figure out what comes next.In this bonus episode, Teddy reaches out with the questions a lot of guys have but don't always get to ask directly: How do I balance parnasa with a serious morning seder? Is the dream of American hours realistic? Does it matter if I'm a working person or a mashpia by the bima? And how do I even figure out what I'm cut out for?We get into all of it — including the recruiter who laughed in my face, why Rav Yonasan Sacks's career advice puzzled me as a bochur in KBY, and why knowing yourself is the most underrated job search tool there is.Also: what Aliyah really means for your community, your nusach, and your kids — and why "choosing a box" might be the wrong frame entirely.If you're somewhere between the beis medrash and the boardroom, this one's for you.Topics covered:Hishtadlus, bitachon, and the Ramban on going to warAhavat melacha — what Chazal actually say about loving your workSoft skills vs. marketable skills: the honest breakdownUsing AI for career self-reflection (Teddy's been doing it)Building community in Eretz Yisrael as an Anglo olehDati Leumi vs. Haredi — more nuance than you think

Two of the important figures in Korah's brazen uprising against Moshe were two brothers named Datan and Abiram. Interestingly, we are not told what it is that they were fighting for. Korah himself, as Rashi brings, resented the fact that his cousin was chosen over him for a prestigious leadership role (head of one of the three families of Leviyim). The 250 men who joined Korah vied for the privilege of serving as Kohanim in the Mishkan. Datan and Abiram, however, simply ridiculed Moshe. In the message they delivered to him, they accused Moshe of taking them out of Egypt – which they described as "a long flowing with milk and honey" – to die in the wilderness. But they did not say what it is that they want from him. These men had a long history with Moshe. The Sages teach us that they were the men who disobeyed Moshe's instructions regarding the manna – leaving manna over to the next morning, and going out to collect on Shabbat – and they were the ones who advocated for returning to Egypt after hearing the spies' frightening report about the nations in Eretz Yisrael. In truth, their history with Moshe goes back even earlier – to the period of bondage in Egypt. The Midrash teaches that when Moshe saw an Egyptian taskmaster beating a member of Beneh Yisrael – that was Datan. And the next day, when Moshe saw two members of Beneh Yisrael fighting – those were Datan and Abiram. Moshe saved Datan's life when he was being beaten by the Egyptian, and he then saved Abiram when he was being beaten by Datan. Yet, instead of expressing gratitude to Moshe, they betrayed him, reporting him to Pharaoh. One of the commentaries explains why they harbored such ill-will toward Moshe. The Midrash relates that the Egyptian who was beating Datan had a relationship with Datan's wife. Moshe knew of this through Ru'ah Ha'kodesh (prophetic insight). Datan and Abiram did not want this information spread, and so they first tried having Moshe killed, by reporting him to Pharaoh. When Moshe returned to Egypt many years later as the nation's leader, Datan and Abiram repeatedly disobeyed Moshe and rejected his authority, so that if he ever mentioned anything about their secret, it would not be taken seriously. This is why they seized every opportunity to oppose and ridicule Moshe – and this is why they joined Korah's uprising. Remarkably, however, even after Datan and Abiram joined Korah in his uprising against Moshe's authority, Moshe still did not give up. The Torah tells (16:12) that Moshe sent them a message, inviting them for a meeting. According to some commentators, Moshe delivered this message because he still believed that they could repent. Even after all Datan and Abiram had done wrong, despite their pattern of defiance and contempt for him – Moshe still held out hope, he still believed in their capacity for goodness. The reason, as some have explained, is that Moshe never forgot the good that Datan and Abiram once did. Back in Egypt, Datan and Abiram served as Shoterim – foremen appointed by the Egyptian taskmasters to oversee the work done by the Israelite slaves. If the slaves did not complete their quota of work, then the Shoterim would be beaten. Datan and Abiram, as sinful as they were, took the beatings rather than deal harshly with their fellow Jews. They allowed themselves to suffer the consequences of the slaves' failure to complete their quota of work. Moshe did not allow Datan and Abiram's repeated misdeeds and even personal attacks to overshadow the good that they did. He recognized their capacity for goodness – even after they challenged and defied him several times. It was only here in Parashat Korah, when they rejected his "olive branch," when they refused to even speak with him, that he despaired. This is a crucial message for parents and educators. Too often, parents and teachers see the child's misbehavior and failures, but not the child's achievements and successes. This is a mistake. While certainly standards must be enforced, it is imperative that children know that all the good they do is recognized, appreciated and respected. In today's day and age, especially, children face unprecedented spiritual challenges. The lures and distractions of today's world make it so difficult for youngsters to do the right thing, to remain religiously committed, and to succeed academically. Every success, every mitzvah , everything that youngsters do right must be enthusiastically celebrated. Whatever mistakes children make do not erase the good that they do. The more encouragement they receive, the more motivated they will be to continue working and struggling to achieve despite the challenges that they face.

The Rebbe acknowledges receiving the letter about the recipient's activities in Eretz Yisrael, emphasizes the irreplaceable value of chassidic gatherings, and discusses the lasting impact and responsibility of publishing Torah works. He sends blessings for Pesach and addresses a question about sending printed materials. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/007/2078

The Rebbe acknowledges receipt of a letter and extends blessings for the new year. He responds to a question about the source of the saying that Eretz Yisrael will expand to all lands, providing several references for further study. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/012/2225

The Rebbe explains why the teachings of Chassidus are called 'Chassidus,' emphasizing that the name reflects its purpose, similar to how 'Torah' describes its function. He also expresses concern about delays in sending Kehot books to Eretz Yisrael before Elul and Tishrei. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/011/2187

The Rebbe thanks the recipient for appreciating the institutions in Eretz Yisrael, but cautions against satisfaction that stems only from comparison to shortcomings elsewhere. He warns that such satisfaction can lead to complacency and urges striving for genuine merit. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/011/2195

The Rebbe writes about the critical importance of safeguarding yeshiva students in Eretz Yisrael, warning that mixed institutions combining Torah and secular studies can draw students away from yeshivas and weaken Jewish continuity. He urges vigilance, especially during challenging times. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/010/2175

The Rebbe urges the leaders of Tzeirei Agudas Chabad in Eretz Yisrael to seek practical ways for growth and impact following their outreach activities. He emphasizes that publicity and broadcasting are only the beginning, and true influence comes from ongoing, local engagement. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/009/2132

The Rebbe addresses a question about the requirement to grow a beard for admission to a Chabad yeshiva in Eretz Yisrael, emphasizing its spiritual significance, the issue of Chillul Hashem, and the importance of maintaining this standard despite difficulties or mockery. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/008/2109_2

The Rebbe addresses questions regarding Yom Tov Sheni for those moving to or from Eretz Yisrael, the custom of answering Amen after 'Al Yechasrenu' in Birkat Hamazon, and whether to recite the blessing Shepatarani with G-d's Name. He clarifies halachic sources and customs in detail. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/007/2089

The Rebbe writes that among Anash, it is customary not to report when all is well, and encourages continued communication. He thanks the recipient for his support of Chabad activities in Eretz Yisrael and extends blessings for a kosher and joyous Pesach and the ultimate redemption. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/007/2069

The Rebbe writes about the importance of unity and the necessity of bringing hearts together, especially among Chabad Chassidim in Eretz Yisrael. He advises maintaining unity, following the directives of the Rebbeim, and emphasizes that blessings come through these channels. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/004/1971

The Rebbe writes regarding a father's inquiry about his son's travel to study, emphasizing the importance of remaining in Eretz Yisrael and strengthening the Lubavitch yeshiva in Lod. He notes concerns about discipline among students who leave and advises continued study in Lod for now. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/006/2038

The Rebbe responds to a suggestion to visit Chassidim in Eretz Yisrael, expressing regret that various physical and spiritual obstacles prevent this. He encourages study of the new kuntres for Chai Elul and emphasizes infusing vitality into all aspects of Avodah during Elul. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/012/2229

The Rebbe writes that transferring an entire institution from Morocco to Eretz Yisrael is not appropriate, nor is gathering boys from other institutions for aliyah. Instead, outstanding students in their own institution should be rewarded with aliyah as a prize, and this should be publicized. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/006/2028

The Rebbe addresses questions about Yom Tov observance for those traveling between the Diaspora and Eretz Yisrael, affirming the ruling of the Previous Rebbe that travelers should follow the customs of their current place. He also discusses communal Torah study and support for a mikvah. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/006/2029

The Rebbe writes that true help for Eretz Yisrael comes through strengthening Torah and mitzvos, not through external means alone. He emphasizes the importance of a strong spiritual foundation and requests details regarding an electric saw for Kfar Chabad. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/006/2034

The letter references the Alter Rebbe's statement that evil still 'dances among us' and urges special caution in matters related to Eretz Yisrael. The Rebbe writes that as evil's influence diminishes, we will celebrate Pesach after removing chametz with true joy. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/006/2059

The Rebbe thanks the recipient for sending copies of letters and urges continued effort in collecting and forwarding Chabad Chassidus excerpts from Eretz Yisrael. He inquires about progress on editing Beis Rebbe in Hebrew, emphasizing the importance of including additional stories and material. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/005/2010

The Rebbe addresses the building of a school and mikvahs in Eretz Yisrael, clarifying funding procedures and stressing the importance of acting promptly on land offers. He urges adherence to proper halachic guidance and cautions against misattributing personal opinions to his own. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/004/1978

The Rebbe writes to Reb Shmuel about his upcoming journey to Eretz Yisrael, emphasizing the importance of spiritual preparation. He advises daily charity, study of Chassidus, and reflection before prayer, likening it to preparing for an audience with a king. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/007/006/2060

The Rebbe writes that leaving Eretz Yisrael is permitted for Torah study only if the learning truly qualifies as Torah study according to halachah and Chassidus. He urges the recipient to ensure his learning meets this standard and blesses him with success in his journey and studies. https://www.torahrecordings.com/rebbe/igroskodesh/008/002/2257

Join Rabbi Joey Rosenfeld as he guides us through the world and major works of Kabbalah, Hasidic masters, and Jewish philosophy, shedding light on the inner life of the soul. To learn more, visit JoeyRosenfeld.com

In this week's parasha , Shelach , the Jewish People were tested in emunah and bitachon and they failed. Kalev tried to give them chizuk , saying, "Hashem wants us to go in, we have nothing to fear." But it didn't help. The pasuk says סלחתי כדבריך ואולם חי אני – Hashem forgave them but they were not going to be allowed into Eretz Yisrael . Most mefarshim explain סלחתי כדבריך to mean Hashem forgave them for the עגל, but not for the meraglim . And that's why they were not allowed into Israel. The reason both sins are mentioned in the same pasuk is because both of them were due to a lack of bitachon . By the עגל, Hashem tested the people by showing them a vision which made it appear that Moshe Rabbenu was not coming back. They knew that the mann was in the merit of Moshe and so they feared without Moshe they would go hungry. Their test was they should have realized Hashem is the One supporting them. It is true that Hashem gives us things in the merit of tzaddikim , but He also gives us new tzaddikim when the ones we had were taken away. The Gemara says that one time the entire world was being sustained in the merit of Rabbi Chanina ben Dosa. But what happened when Rab Chanina ben Dosa passed away? There was still sustenance being given. The reason is because it is Hashem who gives sustenance and He is never bound by any one means to give it. The Jewish People received water in the midbar in the merit of Miriam. But when Miriam passed away, Hashem still continued giving them water in the zechut of Moshe. The Clouds of Glory were given in the merit of Aharon, but when Aharon passed away, Hashem brought the clouds back in the merit of Moshe. Then when Moshe passed away, Hashem continued helping His People through Yehoshua. Hashem is always the One who is taking care of us and He wants us to feel that in our hearts. He wants us to internalize that He is unlimited and has infinite ways of helping. When someone had an avenue of parnasa that is no longer producing the same money it used to, this person is being tested with the same type of test. Is he going to believe that it was the means that was supporting him, or that it was Hashem? No matter how good a person thinks he used to have it, Hashem could always make it even better. A man said his wife works as a nurse's aid at people's homes. Before she gave birth, she worked for a nice old lady and they both enjoyed the relationship and the pay was good too. When she gave birth, a substitute was put there instead and when her paid vacation ended, the substitute didn't want to leave. She too had fallen in love with this nice old lady. Instead of making a fuss about it, the man's wife set out to start over from the beginning. She tried several places but nothing was available. Frustrated, she started getting angry at the substitute who took her job. But then she caught herself and worked on her emunah. She managed to remove the anger from her heart and feel at ease, knowing she was in Hashem's Hands. The very same afternoon that she was finally calm, she got a call from an agency with a new offer. The lady she was given to work for was also very sweet like the other lady. This job gave her more hours and more pay and was much closer to her house. She thought she had it good before and would never get the same opportunity, now she has it much better. We are never dependent on one means in any area of life. Hashem is the One who provides the means and He is unlimited. And we are to know that He was, is and always will be there to help us. Shabbat Shalom.

This episode discusses what the Meraglim accomplished with Rachav Ha'Zoneh.

The changing perspectives of the Jews in the desert requires some explanation.

Parashat Shelah is famous for the story of Het Ha'meragelim – the sin of the spies. Moshe sent twelve men – one representative from each tribe – to survey the Land of Israel and report back to the people, and when the spies returned, they persuaded Beneh Yisrael that they could not conquer the land, for which thy were severely punished. The Torah makes a point of mentioning that before Moshe sent the spies, he renamed one of them – his faithful disciple, Hoshea – changing his name from "Hoshea" to "Yehoshua" ( 13:16). Rashi explains that Moshe gave Yehoshua this new name as a prayer that he would be protected from the sinister plot of the other spies. The name "Yehoshua" can be read as a combination of the words "Y-ah Yoshi'acha" – "G-d shall save you." This was Moshe's prayer that Yehoshua would not be influenced by his peers who would decide to speak negatively about the Land of Israel and sow despair among the nation. We must ask, why did Moshe pray on behalf of only Yehoshua? If he anticipated the likelihood that the spies would betray their mission, and seek to dissuade the people from entering into the land, then why didn't he pray that they should all be protected from this grave mistake? The Lubavitcher Rebbe (Rav Menachem Mendel Schneerson, 1902-1994) answered this question by noting Targum Yonatan Ben Uziel's translation of this verse. Targum Yonatan writes that Moshe changed Yehoshua's name because he noticed "Invatanuteh" – Yehoshua's unique humility. Somehow, Yehoshua's especially humble character necessitated this prayer, that he should be protected from sin as he embarked on this mission. The Rebbe explained that normally, one cannot pray for another's Yir'at Shamayim (fear of Heaven), that the person should do the right thing and avoid wrongdoing. The Sages famously taught us, "Ha'kol Bi'ydeh Shamayim Hutz Mi'yir'at Shamayim" – "Everything is in the hand of Heaven, except the fear of Heaven." We can and should ask Hashem for that which lies beyond our control. Religious observance, however, is our responsibility. We cannot ask Hashem to make somebody religiously committed – because he needs to motivate himself to be committed. But if so, then Moshe's prayer for his disciple is very difficult to understand. How could Moshe pray that Yehoshua do the right thing, if one cannot pray for somebody else to avoid sin? The Rebbe answered that we can pray for somebody's spiritual success if that person is already investing effort to achieve spiritual success. For example, we cannot pray to Hashem to help somebody wake up in time for Shaharit if he goes to sleep late and doesn't bother to set an alarm clock. If, however, a person who has this weakness – often failing to get up on time – makes an effort to improve, such as by going to sleep at a reasonable hour and setting an alarm clock, then it is certainly appropriate to pray that his efforts should succeed. And this is true of all areas of religious life – once a person is making a genuine effort to succeed, then he – and others – can pray that those efforts should bring the desired results. With this in mind, we can return to Yehoshua and the spies. The Rebbe explains that Moshe sent the spies on a fact-finding mission. Their job was to objectively report the information, to tell what they saw, without giving any interpretation or offering an opinion based on that information. It was their job to determine the facts – and it was Moshe's job, and only Moshe's job, to reach decisions based on those facts. The spies' sin was arrogantly usurping Moshe's role. After they reported the facts, they gave their assessment about the prospects of capturing Eretz Yisrael – an assessment which wasn't theirs to make. They decided that their opinion was more important and more authoritative than that of Moshe Rabbenu – and this was their sin. Before Moshe sent the spies, he was well aware of this danger. He knew of the natural tendency that people have to form opinions about things which are for the experts to decide, to assume they know better, to feel overly confident in their perspectives, their ideas and their impressions. But he could pray only for Yehoshua – because he saw that Yehoshua worked on his quality of humility. Upon seeing how Yehoshua made a conscious effort to remain humble, Moshe prayed that these efforts should succeed, that Yehoshua would remain humble and not overstep his bounds. Moshe could not pray for the other spies, because he did not see them working on their Midda (quality) of humility. He therefore prayed only for Yehoshua, his student who worked to live humbly, asking that these efforts should protect him from the arrogant tendency to give opinions that shouldn't be given.

Birkat Chatanim | More (or perhaps less) Than You Thought... by Rav Yitzchak Etshalom We are all familiar with ברכת חתנים, although generally in its more common referent - "Sheva Berakhot". We examine the sources and the divided practice of Bavel vs. Eretz Yisrael regarding how many Berakhot are said - and propose an explanation for the need for "Panim Chadashot" (a "new face" at the celebration) which is required to justify re-reciting these Berakhot at a feast given to honor the new couple. This shiur was lovingly given in honor of the forthcoming marriage of our son, Kovy to his בחירת לב, Zoe. May their lives always be filled with שפע ברכות...seven times over. Source sheet >>

3RD Annual Yarchai Kallah in Yerushalayim July 6-8, 2026

Whether Jews may enter Har Habayis largely depends on whether we know where the Beis Hamikdash stood. A common assumption is that we don't know for sure, but that assumption has a history. This class traces the story of this uncertainty, primarily through the accounts of Jewish travelers who visited Eretz Yisrael and recorded what they saw and heard. This is the third installment in a series about going up onto Har Habayis. Is the Dome of the Rock Where the Mikdash Stood?

Why would Tzelafchad desecrate Shabbos for the sake of Heaven?Chazal reveal that the mekoshesh eitzim was not acting out of rebellion, but out of desperation. Klal Yisrael thought that after the decree not to enter Eretz Yisrael, perhaps they were no longer bound by mitzvos. Tzelafchad wanted to create a moment so shocking that it would force clarity.But that is exactly where the danger lies.Shabbos teaches us that the world does not need to be held together by our anxiety, our force, or our need for control. Public chillul Shabbos is compared to avodah zarah because it relocates power from Hashem to man. And tragically, in trying to protect Shabbos by forcing the issue, Tzelafchad cracked the very consciousness that Shabbos was meant to create.In his shiur, delivered in Sharfmans, Rav Burg explores the deep psychological message of the mekoshesh, the frightening words of Tosafos that had Klal Yisrael kept that second Shabbos no nation could ever have ruled over them, and the beautiful tikkun found in the daughters of Tzelafchad.A powerful shiur about Shabbos, anxiety, control, leadership, emunah, and learning how to care deeply without trying to control everything.

The first spies saw Eretz Yisrael and collapsed into fear, but Yehoshua's spies entered Yericho and came back protected. Why were they sent in the disguise of kli cheres, plain pottery vessels with no real value beyond what they carry? Rabbi Prisman follows the Sfas Emes into a sharp question about mitzvos, motives, and the quiet danger of bringing your own agenda into Hashem's mission. And when a Shayetet 13 candidate stops in the water to put on tefillin, the idea suddenly becomes very real. What protection does a person find when he is willing to become only the vessel?

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The pasuk says in Tehillim, בְּךָ בָטְחוּ וְלֹא בוֹשׁוּ — "They trusted in You and were not ashamed." Simply understood, this means that our ancestors would speak about the greatness of Hashem and about His ability to save them in every situation. Then, when they needed salvation, they placed their trust in Him and He came through for them. They were never embarrassed for having trusted in Hashem. But what happens if a person truly believes in the power of Hashem, speaks about it openly, strengthens himself with bitachon, and yet does not receive the salvation he hoped for? Does that mean he was "ashamed" because of his bitachon? Rabbi David Sutton explained this pasuk with a powerful story that took place in Eretz Yisrael. A young child, only three years old, was diagnosed with a terrible illness. The doctors treated him, and for a while the child went into remission. But eventually the illness returned, and when the boy was five years old it became extremely aggressive. The doctors finally told the mother that, unfortunately, there was no longer any hope of saving the child. The mother answered firmly, "As religious Jews, we never say there is no hope. Hashem can do anything. I believe my son can still be healed." From that point on, she spent her days in the hospital saying Tehillim and strengthening herself with emunah and bitachon. The secular doctors repeatedly told her not to waste her time. "There is zero percent chance of survival," they insisted. But every day she sat there with Tehillim in her hands, believing that Hashem could still perform a miracle. Eventually, however, the child's condition deteriorated further and it became clear that the end was near. The mother even purchased a burial plot and began making arrangements for what seemed inevitable. But there was one thing that deeply troubled her, and she called her Rebbetzin to discuss it. "I had so much emunah," she cried. "When the doctors told me there was no hope, it did not shake me. I believed completely that Hashem could save my son. But now, when my son passes away, the doctors are going to say, 'You see? We told you so. Your hope was unrealistic.' I can accept that Hashem wants my son back, but I do not want to be ashamed because of my bitachon in Him." The Rebbetzin answered her with tremendous wisdom. "Every moment that you hoped to Hashem for salvation was a mitzvah," she said. "Believing in Hashem's ability to help is a great mitzvah, and you fulfilled it on the highest level. Now you have another mitzvah — to accept the will of Hashem with emunah. If you continue doing what Hashem wants from you, you will never be ashamed from it." These words gave the mother tremendous strength. The next day, the child passed away. The doctors were certain this woman would collapse emotionally after everything she had gone through. They brought in professionals who deal with trauma and psychologists who treat severe depression. But when they spoke to her, they were astonished. She was calm, composed, and spiritually strong. She did not appear broken in the way they expected. The doctors asked her, "How are you so strong after such a painful disappointment?" She answered, "Until now, I had a mitzvah to hope to Hashem, and I tried to do that with all my strength. Now I have a mitzvah to accept the will of Hashem, and I will try to do that with all my strength as well." The doctors were overwhelmed by her words. They began crying from the strength and sincerity of her emunah. Later, the mother said, "My Rebbetzin was right. I was not ashamed because of my bitachon. On the contrary, my bitachon brought even more honor to Hashem." This is the meaning of בְּךָ בָטְחוּ וְלֹא בוֹשׁוּ . A person who places his trust in Hashem is never truly ashamed. Sometimes the salvation comes exactly as he hoped. Sometimes Hashem's plan is different. But if a person does what Hashem wants from him at every stage — first hoping, praying, and believing, and afterward accepting Hashem's will with love — then nothing negative ever comes from his bitachon. Instead, it always brings honor to Hashem's Name.

Moshe Rabbeinu reaches a breaking point. The people are crying for meat, but Moshe understands that this is not really about food. Something deeper is missing.Hashem's answer is surprising: not meat, but more leaders. Seventy elders. Prophecy spreading beyond Moshe. And then Eldad and Meidad begin to prophesy, not in the Ohel Moed, but in the camp.Yehoshua is horrified. They are saying Moshe will die and Yehoshua will bring the people into Eretz Yisrael. But Moshe is not threatened. He is not jealous. He understands something only the greatest leaders understand: when your light appears in someone else, you have not become smaller. You have become more present.In this shiur, delivered in Yeshivat HaKotel, Rav Burg speaks about leadership, insecurity, unmet needs, Moshe Rabbeinu, Eldad and Meidad, and the courage to create people who no longer need you.

One of the great ploys of the Yetzer Hara is to make people forget how powerful tefillah really is. A person prays, but deep down he may already feel trapped by his situation. He says the words, but the fire and confidence are missing. Very often, the yeshuah is already prepared and waiting. The person simply needs to awaken within himself and truly believe in the power of speaking to Hashem. Sometimes Hashem sends a person a reminder — perhaps a memory, a story, or a moment of inspiration — to reignite his belief in tefillah so that he will finally cry out properly from the depths of his heart. In the sefer He'emanti Va'asapera, there is a story about Eliezer, a man whose housewares business was collapsing. Every evening he would lower the shutters on his store feeling crushed by stress and worry. Customers were disappearing, profits were shrinking, and it was becoming painfully clear that his business was nearing its end. One night, as he prepared to close the store, something suddenly stopped him. A memory came flooding back from forty years earlier. As a young man living in London, Eliezer had desperately wanted to learn in Eretz Yisrael, but his family did not have the means to send him. One night he saw his father crying while saying Tehillim. The next day his father explained that he had been begging Hashem to somehow help him pay for his son's expenses so he could go learn Torah in Eretz Yisrael. Then something unbelievable happened. The next morning, completely out of character, his father bought a scratch-off ticket and won exactly the amount they needed. Within days, Eliezer was on his way to yeshivah in Eretz Yisrael. Now, forty years later, sitting alone in his darkened store, Eliezer suddenly understood the message. His father's salvation had come through heartfelt tefillah, and now Hashem was reminding him of that lesson for himself. He realized that sighing was not going to help him. Worrying was not going to save his business. He needed to truly pray from the depths of his heart. He took out a Tehillim and began pouring out his heart to Hashem. It was not a quick tefillah. It was not distracted words, but rather real tefillah. He sat there for over an hour crying, pleading, and speaking honestly to Hashem. Then suddenly there was a knock at the door. A stranger stood outside insisting that he urgently needed to come in. Eliezer almost sent him away, upset that someone was interrupting such a powerful moment of tefillah. But the man pleaded with him to listen. He explained that he managed a brand-new hall that was about to open. He had been planning to meet wholesalers over the coming weeks to buy dishes and silverware, but suddenly he discovered that he urgently had to fly overseas. He needed to purchase everything immediately before leaving. Eliezer showed him the merchandise that he had in his store. The man quickly chose what he wanted and ordered seven hundred complete sets of dishes, cups, and silverware — the largest order Eliezer had ever received in his life. In that one visit, he received an entire year's worth of revenue. The profits from that deal saved his business. Then it all became clear. Why had this customer arrived specifically then? Why didn't he go to another store? Because every other store was closed. Eliezer was only there because he had stayed back to pray. The salvation had already been set into motion. The customer had already been sent. The order was already waiting to be made. But Eliezer needed the reminder from his father's story to awaken him to the power of tefillah so that he would cry out the right way for the yeshuah to reach him. Sometimes people become so busy worrying, calculating, panicking, and searching everywhere else that they forget the greatest power they possess — the ability to stand before מלך מלכי המלכים and pour out their hearts. The Yetzer Hara works overtime to weaken a person's belief in tefillah because once a person truly believes that Hashem is listening, his tefillah takes on an entirely new dimension and becomes an uplifting avodah. The greatest chizuk we can have is knowing that Hashem is here. He is listening. He is arranging. He is preparing. He is orchestrating every detail. Sometimes our salvation is already waiting, and all Hashem wants is for us to remember Who we are speaking to — and to speak the right way.

In the prayer we recite before the Korbanot section each morning, we express our joy over the fact that we arise early each morning to go to the synagogue and study hall, and we remain there in the evenings: "Fortunate are we! How good is our portion, how pleasant is our lot, and how exceedingly beautiful is our heritage. Fortunate are we when we rise early and stay late in synagogues and houses of study." In some editions of the Siddur, the phrase "Ke'she'anahnu Mashkimim" is written without the prefix "Ke" at the beginning. According to this version, we are exclaiming that we are fortunate "She'anahnu Mashkimim" – "that we arise early," not "when we arise early." The Ben Ish Hai (Rav Yosef Haim of Baghdad, 1833-1909) writes that a person should not say, "She'anahnu Mashkimim," because this would be dishonest, as most people do not arise at dawn to go to the synagogue or study hall. We should instead recite "Ke'she'anahnu," expressing that we are fortunate when we succeed in arising early to serve Hashem. Hacham Ovadia Yosef, however, disagreed, noting that the word is written "She'anahnu Mashkimim" in numerous texts of the earlier generations. It is found in Tana De'beh Eliyahu, the Siddur of Rav Amram Gaon, the Tur, the Seder Ha'yom, and several other sources. Hacham Ovadia explains that even one who does not rise early can recite this text – "She'anahnu" – because this word is written in the plural form, and thus refers not specifically to the individual reciting the prayer, but to the Jewish People generally, and many Jews indeed make a point of rising very early. This is comparable to the Vidui Ma'aser declaration that would be made every third and six years of the seven-year Shemitta cycle avowing compliance with the various tithing requirements (Terumot and Ma'aserot). Rashi (to Kiddushin 26a) writes that even a person who does not own land in Eretz Yisrael can make this proclamation, even though it refers to Eretz Yisrael as the land "Asher Natata Lanu" – "that You have given us" (Debarim 26:15), because this means that the land was given to the entire Jewish Nation. Even though the person himself has no portion in the Land of Israel, he can nevertheless speak of it as the land which Hashem has given "us," because the land was given to the entire nation. By contrast, a person without land in Eretz Yisrael cannot make the Mikra Bikkurim proclamation which is declared upon bringing one's first fruits, because this declaration speaks of the land "Asher Natati Li Hashem" – "that You, O G-d, have given me" (Debarim 26:10), in the first-person form. The phrase "She'anahnu Mashkimim" is written in the plural form, and thus refers to all Am Yisrael, and not specifically to the person reciting the prayer. Hence, it is legitimate even for somebody who does not rise early to recite this text. Nevertheless, most of the Siddurim that have become accepted in our community use the text "Ke'she'anahnu Mashkimim."

Million-dollar homes, manicured yards, and $500-per-square-foot listings force a question most of us would rather dodge: can we build a comfortable life in Lakewood while still claiming we genuinely long for redemption? We start with the uncomfortable moral weight that sits on both sides of the table, buyers making big commitments and realtors trying to keep a clean conscience while selling high-end properties meant to become Jewish homes.From there, we anchor the conversation in Torah sources that don't let us hide behind platitudes. The Gemara in Shabbos describes the questions we face about wisdom, family, honest business, and whether we truly yearn for salvation. We connect that directly to the daily reality of the diaspora: setting up careers, investing in real estate, and “settling down” near a shul and community, even while we say we believe in the Rambam's principle of complete faith in the coming of Mashiach.The turning point is Rav Nasan Wachtfogel's practical clarity. Longing does not mean you stop living. You pray, you hope, and you keep your heart pointed toward Eretz Yisrael, while you also work, grow, and build with integrity right now. The real test is readiness: if the news breaks, are you willing to drop everything and go?If you've ever felt that tension between ambition and belief, comfort and conscience, this conversation will help you name it and handle it. Subscribe, share this with a friend who's wrestling with big life decisions, and leave a review with your take: what does “being ready” look like in real life?Support the showJoin The Motivation Congregation WhatsApp community for daily motivational Torah content!----------------SUBSCRIBE to The Weekly Parsha for an insightful weekly talk on the week's Parsha.Listen on Spotify or 24six!Access all Torah talks and listen to featured episodes on our website, themotivationcongregation.org----------------Questions or Comments? Please email me @ michaelbrooke97@gmail.com

The Mishnah in Pirkei Avot tells us to be very careful in the performance of even the smallest mitzvot because we do not know the true reward of any mitzvah. The Shem MiShmuel explains that when it comes to reward, Hashem does not only consider the actual deed itself. He also takes into account all of the ripple effects that result from that mitzvah. A person may do something that seems very small, but the effects of that deed can continue spreading for years. A simple smile and a cheerful "good morning" may appear insignificant. But imagine someone was feeling down, discouraged, and burdened. Then he receives a warm greeting and suddenly feels uplifted. His mood changes. His attitude changes. Perhaps he goes home happier and treats his family differently. The ripple effects of one smile could be endless. Or imagine someone donates one sefer to a shul library because that sefer once inspired him. Years later, somebody opens it, reads it, and receives tremendous chizuk. That person changes his avodat Hashem because of it. Who can imagine how many rewards continue flowing from that one deed? And there is another dimension that makes mitzvot even greater. Not only do we not know their ripple effects—we also do not know how much greater hidden deeds can become. The Gemara in Baba Batra tells us that if someone gives tzedakah in private, in certain aspects he is considered greater than even Moshe Rabbenu. Such an astonishing statement teaches us how precious hidden mitzvot are. When a person does something and nobody knows, when there is no honor, no recognition, and no praise, then the deed becomes purely for Hashem. In a book about the life of the Chafetz Chaim, it says that on one occasion his son, Reb Leib, asked him whether people who learned the Mishnah Berurah would ever truly understand how much effort he invested into every single line, making sure everything was perfectly correct according to halachah. The Chafetz Chaim replied, "What difference does it make if people know how much effort I put in? My sole intention is to bring honor to the name of Hashem, and He is the only One Who needs to know." That was the greatness of the Chafetz Chaim. He was not seeking recognition. He only cared about pleasing Hashem. We cannot imagine how much Hashem appreciates every small deed that we do. We may not receive a pat on the back in this world, but that does not mean Hashem does not notice. Every ounce of effort is seen. Every struggle is counted. Every hidden act is treasured. And every deed will be fully repaid in the next world. Sometimes, however, Hashem gives us a glimpse even here of how much He appreciates our efforts. Recently, a woman in Eretz Yisrael passed away. For forty years, every single day, she took upon herself to go to the kever of Shmuel HaNavi and make sure it was clean and properly maintained. She personally cared for it and, while there, would pray each day as well. Amazingly, she passed away on כ״ח אייר —the yahrtzeit of Shmuel HaNavi himself. Not only that, her address was 86 Shmuel HaNavi Street, and she passed away at the age of 86. Every effort she invested in honoring the kever of that great tzaddik was appreciated. Every hidden act mattered. She did not publicize what she did. Only her close family knew. We can never underestimate the value of any mitzvah, because every one is precious, every one creates ripple effects, and every one carries rewards beyond comprehension.

The Arizal taught that one should begin the Shaharit service each morning with a declaration that he commits to fulfill the Misva of "Ve'ahabta Le're'acha Kamocha" ("Love your fellow as yourself" – Vayikra 19:18) by loving each and every Jew with all his heart and soul. The text of this declaration appears in many editions of the Siddur. The reason it is proper to introduce one's prayers with this declaration is that it helps ensures the acceptance of our prayers through their joining the prayers of the rest of Am Yisrael. When a person prays, he might individually be unworthy of being granted his requests. But when he prays as part of the congregation, and as part of the Jewish Nation as a whole, then his Tefilot rise to the heavens as part of the prayers of Am Yisrael, such that it comes before G-d with the collective merit of the Jewish People. In order to do this – to pray not as an isolated individual, but as part of Am Yisrael – one must emotionally bond with the rest of the nation, and this requires loving each of his fellow Jews. Thus, declaring one's love for his fellow Jews before the Tefila helps ensure the acceptance of his prayers. The question, though, arises as to how a person can make this declaration if there are people whom he does not like. Many people have been hurt by others, feel they have been wronged, or are embroiled in fights and conflicts. They cannot honestly say that they love each and every fellow Jew as they love themselves. Can a person recite this declaration before the morning prayers knowing that there are people whom he does not actually love? This question was brought to Hacham Ovadia Yosef, and the questioner asked if perhaps the text of the declaration should be altered to avoid making a dishonest proclamation. Hacham Ovadia replied that traditional prayer texts should not be tampered with, and so this declaration should not be altered. He felt that one should recite this declaration with the hope that this daily pronouncement will eventually impact him to the point where he genuinely loves each and every Jew. Even if at the present moment there are people whom he does not love, he may recite the declaration because with time, the words will penetrate his heart and inspire him to overcome his hard feelings toward those whom he dislikes, to the point where this declaration will be entirely genuine and truthful. Incidentally, this question also arises with regard to the declaration customarily made before one goes to sleep, announcing that he forgives anyone who had wronged him in any way. Sometimes, a person is still angry with somebody over something he did or said, and is as yet incapable or unwilling to forgive. Hacham Bension Abba Shaul (Jerusalem, 1924-1998) ruled that in such a case, a person should not recite the nighttime forgiveness proclamation, as this would be dishonest. (Another example is the passage in the Selihot prayers when we ask Hashem to store our tears – "Sima Dim'ati Be'nodecha," even though most people do not shed tears while reciting Selihot. Hacham Ovadia writes that it is acceptable to recite this text during Selihot because it could refer to the tears that will be shed on Yom Kippur, as the vast majority of people who pray sincerely cry at some point during the Yom Kippur service.) It is worth noting in this context the fascinating interpretation of the verse "Ve'ahabta Le're'acha Kamocha" given by Rav Haim Palachi (Turkey, 1788-1868). He explained this command based on a story that happened in his time, when three businessmen moved from his city, Izmir, to Eretz Yisrael. All three were the leading figures in the industries in which they worked, and so when they left, the smaller businessmen assumed that they now had an opportunity to grow their enterprises. After all, as these three men had the largest businesses, their customers would now be looking elsewhere for their merchandise. Rav Haim Palachi warned them, however, not be so confident. Sometimes, he said, an industry leader brings blessing to the entire industry, which affects even the smaller businesses. Although it might seem that the largest proprietor is limiting the profits of the smaller vendors, this is not necessarily the case, as he could be the conduit through which Hashem sends His blessing to the entire industry. Sure enough, all three industries declined after these businessmen left. Whereas the smaller businesses assumed that they would prosper, the exact opposite occurred. Rav Haim Palachi explained the command of "Ve'ahabta Le're'acha Kamocha" on this basis. It means that we must love our fellow who is "Kamocha" – like us, involved in the same line of work or in the same industry. We must love even our competitors – because they're not actually our competitors. Hashem is capable of providing everyone with sufficient sustenance, and, moreover, the person who appears to be our competitor might actually be the one bringing the blessing down to our industry. Thus, the command to love our fellow, which we recite each morning, refers to all people, even those whom we might feel justified in resenting, because we must believe that Hashem has enough goodness to bestow upon us all, and a competitor's success has no harmful effects on us whatsoever.

The Gemara in Masechet Berachot (3a) teaches that the night is divided into three periods, and at the points when one period leads to the other, Hashem "roars like a lion," bemoaning the fact that our sins compelled him to destroy the Bet Ha'mikdash. The Bet Yosef brings from earlier sources that it is proper to join Hashem at those moments and lament the destruction of the Bet Ha'mikdash. The Kabbalists, however, determined that this should be done at the point of Hasot, halachic midnight. This is the time best suited to mourn the destruction of the Bet Ha'mikdash, the Jewish People's dispersion, and the death of the righteous Sadikim. The Kabbalists taught that it is especially important not to sleep at the moment of Hasot, as this brings upon the person a certain level of impurity. For many generations, the practice of Tikkun Hasot – reciting a special prayer mourning the destruction of the Bet Ha'mikdash at Hasot – was observed by the Sadikim. There are accounts of how the synagogue in Halab (Aleppo, Syria) would be filled at Hasot by men reciting Tikkun Hasot and then remaining to learn Torah. Tikkun Hasot is normally recited in a manner reflecting mourning – on the floor, without shoes, wearing sackcloth, with ashes on one's head, and crying loudly. Hacham Baruch Ben-Haim shared with us his memories of his father reciting Tikkun Hasot while sitting on the floor. People in our community remember seeing Hacham Shaul Kassin crying on the floor while reciting Tikkun Hasot. I had the opportunity to join the special Thursday night Tikkun Hasot service led by Rav Benayahu Shmueli in Jerusalem, near the Temple Mount, in close proximity to the site of the Kodesh Ha'kodashim (the inner sanctum of the Bet Ha'mikdash). For two hours, the small group of Rabbis sit on the floor, weep, and sing, beseeching Hashem to rebuild the Bet Ha'mikdash. Although Tikkun Hasot is not required as a strict Halachic obligation, Hacham Ovadia Yosef writes that one who is in any event awake shortly before Hasot should certainly remain awake a bit longer in order to recite Tikkun Hasot. It should be noted the during the winter months, Hasot is around 11:30-11:45pm, which is not very late for many people, and so it is certainly worthwhile for those who are awake at that time to recite this special prayer. Halachic Hasot is defined as the midway point between sunset and sunrise. Some claimed that Hacham Ovadia Yosef permitted during Elul reciting Selihot – which may not be recited prior to Hasot – after the time of Hasot in Jerusalem, wherever one is located. This would mean that in New York, for example, it would be permissible to recite Selihot already in the late afternoon hours. However, Rav Yisrael Bitan writes that these reports are unreliable. Nevertheless, with regard to Tikkun Hasot, Rav Bitan cites Hacham David Yosef as ruling in Halacha Berura that there is room to allow reciting Tikkun Hasot shortly before midnight in areas west of Eretz Yisrael. There is a view among the Poskim that permits reciting Tikkun Hasot even before Hasot, and so although we do not follow this opinion, we can combine this lenient ruling with the possibility that the time of Hasot depends on the moment of Hasot in Jerusalem. Since in any event Tikkun Hasot is not required as a strict Halachic obligation, there is room to rely on these two lenient positions to permit reciting Tikkun Hasot even before halachic midnight, if it is after Hasot in Jerusalem.