Podcasts about Atoc

We all know that our gut health is important for our overall health, but did you know that our oral microbiome is just as important? In fact, research has shown that there is a strong link between our oral health and our overall health.   For example, studies have shown that people with gum disease are more likely to develop heart disease, stroke, and other chronic illnesses. Therefore, it's important to take care of your oral health in order to maintain your overall health.   David Lin is a leading expert on the oral microbiome and he's going to be joining us on the show today to talk about how we can maintain our oral health and why it's so important for our overall health.   About David Lin: David Lin PhD is Co-founder and Chief Scientific Officer at Bristle. David received his PhD in Microbiology and Immunology from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, his MS in Biology from California State University, Fullerton, and his BS in Biotechnology from University of California, Davis. He was a postdoctoral researcher at Genentech before becoming a Scientist at Twist Bioscience. He has over 10 years of molecular biology, microbiology, genomics, and synthetic biology, and infectious disease experience across academia, public health, and industry.   In this episode, you'll learn:   What the oral microbiome is and why it's so important for our health How to maintain a healthy oral microbiome The link between our oral health and overall health How poor oral health can lead to chronic illnesses And much more!   So tune in now to learn how you can maintain a healthy oral microbiome and improve your overall health!   (00:00): "Worrying is like a rocking chair. It gives you something to do, but it gets you nowhere." - David Lin.   (00:08): So the big question is how do women over 40, like us keep weight off, have great energy balance. Our hormones in our moods feel sexy and confident and master midlife. If you're like most of us, you are not getting the answers you need and remain confused and pretty hopeless to ever feel like yourself. Again. As an OB GYN, I had to discover for myself the truth about what creates a rock, solid metabolism, lasting weight loss, and supercharged energy. After 40 in order to lose a hundred pounds and fix my fatigue. Now I'm on a mission. This podcast is designed to share the natural tools you need for impactful results. And to give you clarity on the answers to your midlife metabolism challenges, join me for tangible natural strategies to crush the hormone imbalances you are facing and help you get unstuck from the sidelines of life. My name is Dr. Kyrin Dunston welcome to The Hormone Prescription Podcast.   (01:04): Hi, everybody. Welcome back to another episode of The Hormone Prescription with Dr. Kyrin. Thank you so much for joining me today. My guest today, David Lin PhD is a co-founder and chief scientific officer at Bristol. You might think of Bristol as bristles on your toothbrush. This is a different kind of bristle. Maybe you've heard about the connection between your oral microbiome and your overall systemic health like heart and brain and more. Maybe you haven't, but whether you have, or haven't, you need to know about this. And if you know a little bit about it, you need to know more. So David is gonna share that with you today so that you don't just sit there worrying like a rocking chair about your health and what can you do, but you really get some actionable information, some steps that you can take to improve your health and taking care of your oral microbiome is one of those things that you're not gonna hear about at your dentist that you could be doing to move your health to the next level.   (02:09): So I'll tell you a little bit about David and then we'll get started. David received his PhD in microbiology and immunology from the university of Michigan and armor and his MS in biology from California state university Fullerton, and his bachelor's in biotechnology from university of California Davis. That's a lot of science. He is a science nerd. Let's just say . And he loves talking about the oral microbiome. He was a post-doctoral researcher at Gentech before becoming a scientist at twist bioscience and has over 10 years of molecular biology, microbiology, genomics, and synthetic biology and infectious disease experience across academia, public health and industry. This is just the guy you want informing you about how to understand the key of your oral microbiome for better, better health. Welcome David.   (03:08): Thank you. I'm very excited to be here.   (03:10): Yes. I think that most people are not aware of how this small little real estate on their face, their mouth affects the entire rest of their body to such a high degree. So I really wanted to have you on to highlight that for them and they can get some tools and start taking action to improve their oral health so they can improve their overall health. What introduced you to the big impact that oral health has on systemic health?   (03:44): That's a good question. Well, I'm a scientist by training and through many years of school, I've learned to a lot about microbiology, a lot about bacteria and basically the way that they do things and how they interact with your body. And recently, at least in the past decade or two, there's been a lot of research that has shown that the gut microbiome is really important for your overall health. It helps with digestion. It controls a lot of your mood and it does a lot of things, but what's been largely ignored is that there's actually another microbiome. That's the second largest and most diverse microbiome in your body. And it's your mouth. You swallow a hundred billion bacteria every day. You are what you eat and those bacteria are in your mouth. And they do so much for us that we really don't. We don't acknowledge. Did you know that oral bacteria, they actually control some of your blood pressure the way they do this is by reducing nitrate. So there's this circular connection in your mouth where they can reduce nitrate. And that increases the nitrate level, nitric oxide levels in your blood. That's just one of many ways that they help you do things.    (04:49): You know, that's interesting. I know some people, women are listening and saying, oh, maybe when I go for my blood pressure check at my doctor's office, I should ask them to check my oral microbiome. I think the average doctor would just look at you, like, what are you talking about? It would . They probably wouldn't know what you're talking about in terms of clinical utility. I know you're affiliated with a company that does testing of the oral microbiome. What percentage of doctors would you say are savvy about this interaction and actually know to order tests like this recommend tests like this work with tests like this?   (05:25): Very, very few. So I think one of the things about medicine is that it's relatively slow moving. There's a lot of tradition that's been built into not only systemic medicine, so, you know, your physician, but also dentistry. Dentistry is a really old practice and they haven't introduced almost any new technologies for like a hundred years. We still operate in the same way we've been doing for a long time. And that is we treat the symptoms as we see them, which is really unfortunate. There's very little preventive measures that we use to really tackle some of the biggest problems we have. I mean, cavities and gum disease, everybody still gets them. It's like, I think 70% of individual over 65 will have periodontal disease and it's entirely preventable. It's just a bacterial infection. That's a very long term bacterial infection. And if you catch it early enough, you don't have to get it.   (06:13): Same with cavities. Cavities are very specific bacteria. They colonize your teeth, they create acid. And unfortunately practitioners nowadays, they, most of them really don't use any of these kinds of tools to screen their patients. I think some of that may have to do with medicine itself, just the way that that we practice. And the other part of it is really that research moves very slowly. So academia to translate a research, finding into something that's really useful for people takes a very long time of development. And hopefully, you know, my company bristle, we're trying to address that at least for oral health.   (06:47): Yes, it's so true. It can take decades. I think that the average is something like three decades and sometimes it's way longer than that, for instance the use of fluoride and toothpaste and water, how does that affect the oral biome?   (07:05): Yeah. So there haven't actually been any very compelling trials regarding the use of at least every day fluoride, which is a very low concentration in your toothpaste, but generally it's not a very powerful antimicrobial. It really doesn't do that much in killing bacteria. But what it really does is to help you remineralize your teeth because fluoride actually helps to reserve calcium onto your tooth surface. So it helps protect your teeth that way. But I think what's more exciting is not just things like fluoride, but there have been newer compounds that have been out where people have shown kind of that they don't have systemic effects like fluoride does, but they can still help re minimalize teeth. So something like nano hydroxy, appetite, even things like arginine. So arginine is, is just an amino acid, but it helps prevent cavities. And, and the way it does it is by actually modulating the oral microbiome. It's a very interesting connection.   (08:05): And is that when swallowed orally Swed orally and how is it administered that it's shown to decrease cavities by altering the microbiome? Yeah,   (08:16): So arginine it just, if you chew it and if it sticks around on your teeth, I'm not actually sure if there have been any tests for ingestion, but if you chew it or if you apply it as a toothpaste, it acts as a prebiotic and it activates this pathway called the arginine D M a pathway, which increases the pH of the mouth and the, the way it modulates the oral microbiome is that there's some bacteria that can metabolize the Aine very well and turn it into ammonia, which increases the pH. And that actually prevents the acid generating bacteria from colonizing the tooth because acid generating bacteria actually really like acidic environments and ammonia is the opposite. So it, it prevents them from growing.   (08:56): Okay. And so what are some everyday habits that people might have that might hurt their oral microbiome and what are some habits they might have that might improve?   (09:07): The first one is using alcohol based mouthwash. That's really bad for you actually. So alcohol is an antiseptic that we use, you know, on our hands. We use it to disinfect things, but it turns out that the microbiome of the mouth, there are very important, good bacteria in there that are important for preventing the bad ones from growing and those good ones. We can kill them by using alcohol based mouthwash. So there was a study recently that had shown that routine use of over the counter mouthwash was actually associated with hypertension. And the reason for that was because these nitrate, reducing bacteria were actually completely going away and they didn't come back because these people were using mouthwash twice a day. And so you never give a chance for good bacteria to populate. And you ended up with dysbiosis of the mouth. That's   (09:54): Fascinating that the regular use of the alcohol containing mouthwash increased hypertension, fascinating. What are some other habits that we have that hurt our oral microbiome?   (10:05): Definitely our diet. This probably isn't unique to just the oral microbiome, but the amount of sugar and processed food that we eat is just off the charts now, compared to where we were even just 20 years ago, even 30 years ago. And so the rates of cavities have gone sky high. And so that's like the main thing that I tell most people it's well, can I fix right now without having to buy anything or actually like change my habits besides diets gotta be diets. Like the diet is the only thing that is entirely controllable and will fix of most of the problem. Stop eating sugar. just the simple sugars are a huge problem.   (10:44): just stop. Just say no,   (10:46): Just   (10:47): Say no. Okay. And how about flossing and brushing? Just gotta say it cuz some people still didn't get the memo.   (10:54): Oh my gosh. It's really surprising. Right. And I think we always recommend people brush twice a day floss once a day, we actually published a little bit of research of our own, of what flossing does to the microbiome. We actually saw that flossing frequency correlates with improvements in oral health and the oral microbiome. So when we measure the microbiome, what we're talking about is there's very specific bacteria in your mouth that we call them periodontal pathogens. And they're the ones that cause gum disease. And we measure these in your saliva at Bristol. And we measure them against the bacteria that prevent them from growing. And we found that people who floss once a day had very low levels of these bacteria, of the bad bacteria in their mouth compared to the good ones, but the people who didn't floss at all, it was an inverse correlation.   (11:40): They had very low levels of the good ones and a lot of the bad ones, why this happens. We think it's because most of these pathogens they're called a robes, which means that they can't grow in the presence of oxygen. They really like your gum line. And they like growing into the pockets of your teeth because there's no oxygen there. And so by flossing you can introduce oxygen. You can also mechanically remove some of the dental plaque that's down there that protects from the environment. And really you want those pockets to be exposed to saliva. You want them to be exposed to anything you don't want them to just be rooted in bacteria in pathogenic bacteria.   (12:15): Can we give some of them names? Cause I know it would be easier they could hear. So what are some of the good bacteria that we want to foster that we wanna make friends with?   (12:25): Yeah. So there's a few bacteria such as amorous pair of influenza. Your, the names are not that important, but most of them are aerobic. So they're strep. ATOC minus. I think if you go to a website, you'll, you'll find a list with a way to spell them out. But generally these are they're in your mouth. And the way that they protect you is actually really interesting. They make a set of compounds called bacteriocins well, not all of them, but some of them do. And this, these bacteria sins are really good at killing other bacteria, specifically killing anaerobic bacteria. It's really interesting. They cause oxidative stress in those bacteria. And that's a, a mechanism where oxygen can kind of is extremely detrimental to their growth. And some of these bacteria sins act as stress inducers.   (13:15): So the AOBs wanna hide little cavities and cause problems. Mm-Hmm as acidosis, which is then gonna start eroding teeth. What about mouth breathing and the health of your microbiome, right? There's been recent data about the number of people that are mouth breathers and how it can adversely affect your microbiome and mouth taping has become a thing. Can you talk a little bit about that?   (13:42): Absolutely. So mouth breathing is a really interesting phenomenon and it doesn't really directly affect the oral microbiome in that it's the mouth breathing itself, but the active mouth breathing actually reduces the amount of saliva in your mouth. And saliva's really important because it has antimicrobial peptides. It has antibodies in it, it has minerals and most importantly, it just helps to keep your mouth clean. So you're constantly shedding saliva from, I think it's like hundreds of salivary glands in your mouth and they really helped to just shed things. It helps to coat your teeth, coat your gums and make it so that the bacteria in your mouth are kept at low levels. Because once you get outgrowth, that's when problems really happen. And by mouth breathing, you're drying up the salivary glands. You're reducing the amount of saliva on your teeth and your gums and dry mouth is the main cause of oral microbiome dysbiosis, which   (14:38): Is cause is that for most people?   (14:39): Yeah. A lot of people have dry mouth and they're not actually aware dry mouth causes, gum disease, cavities, bad breath, extremely common, but people think they wake up in the middle of the night. They've been mouth breathing that it's totally normal. And they're like, eh, I'll just drink a glass of water. But you know, this constant act of mouth breathing and having a dry mouth every day leads to dysbiosis.   (15:00): And for everybody listening, before you go seal your mouth up with a piece of tape, read about how to do mouth taping please. Cuz I know, I remember when I first heard about it and I thought mouth taping, I thought it meant a piece of tape, a crushable mouth. So don't do it until you read about it and learn about it. So my people are mostly women 40 to 60 and over and they're wanting to know what they can do to improve their health. And how does they've learned about the microbiome and the gut? And now they're wondering, how is this David? How is this oral microbiome affecting the rest of my health? Yeah, what's it doing?   (15:40): Oh my goodness. Where to start? So we briefly discussed how the oral microbiome helps control blood pressure. Right? We talked about nitrate, but there's so many other ways. So one really big study that came out a few years ago showed that there's certain bacteria in your mouth that have actually been implicated in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. So this bacteria is called Pomona gingivalis. And since then there's been a lot of studies and looking at whether or not they can actually prevent Alzheimer's disease just by either killing these bacteria, removing them or blocking their activity. And companies have come up from this, just looking at Talis. So that's one way these bacteria, they end up in your brain somehow and then   (16:24): Any early data from any of those studies you can share or nothing yet.    (16:29): I think it's a little early, there was one clinical trial that had very early data that looked promising where they had. So Ponas, gingivalis creates this protein that cuts other proteins and this drug targets that protein, that cuts stuff. And they saw that. I think there was a mild decrease or a mild improvement in cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease by using a drug like this. But it was probably a very small study. And I think they're expanding that now.   (16:56): Okay, great. And then I cut you off cuz you were getting ready to talk about something else systemically.   (17:00): Yeah. The oral microbiome's been implicated in so many different things. So another big one is cancer, both in oral cancer and surprisingly colorectal cancer, which I guess is surprising to most people. But when you think about, you know, a hundred billion bacteria being swallowed every day, it becomes pretty obvious that there's this one bacteria called fuser bacterium nucle. And for some reason, this little bug is really, really good at causing inflammation. And what it does is it happens to be in very high abundance in people with tumors. It really likes the tumor environment. Why we don't really know why, but people have shown that people who have fus nucle in their tumors, those tumors grow a lot more aggressively. And the prognosis for those people is much worse than the people who don't have, have SLE.   (17:51): Okay. What about heart disease? You know, that's the number one killer of women over 50. Most women don't worry about it. Believe it or not. They're more worried about breast cancer, but they should be concerned about their hearts. How does the oral microbiome interact with the heart?   (18:07): Yeah. Park sees the number one killer in the United States. And there's actually a lot of interactions between the oral microbiome and the heart. Somehow bacteria in the mouth actually end up in the bloodstream. We don't really know how this happens, like a lot of things, but for instance, atherosclerotic plaque, the plaque that's high cholesterol and it builds up inside your arteries and, and can cause a blockage. People have found oral bacteria in there. They found Fusor bacteria, NLE, Pomona tr Tova a lot of these gum disease pathogens just happen to make it into the bloodstream. We think that the people who have gum disease, they're more susceptible to this happening because the gum disease actually causes damage to the gum tissue and allows them to invade and, and get into your bloodstream. But the mechanism for how this happens is still very unclear. There's also other bacteria in the mouth that can cause infecti endocarditis. It's a pretty rare condition, but somehow again, the bacteria in the mouth, they end up in the heart and they cause an infection.   (19:05): Interesting. So I'm curious, has anybody done any studies on longevity as it relates to the makeup of the oral microbiome?   (19:14): Nope. Not yet. Not   (19:16): Yet.   (19:17): Very good question. I wish we did. so I will say that people have looked at oral health in longevity, but not really the oral microbiome longevity, right? Like there's a very strong correlation between good oral health and longevity. Mm-Hmm because the people who can eat longer, eat solid foods or good foods for longer and to do better. And so it wouldn't be surprising if you found that the people that live longer have very healthy oral microbiomes because in order to have healthy teeth who need a healthy oral microbiome, but so far no study definitively.   (19:52): Okay. Interesting. I was just curious, and I know that at Bristol, you guys offer tests for the oral microbiome. Can you talk a little bit about what people could do to be proactive about assessing their oral biome and promoting a healthy oral biome?   (20:13): Yeah. First thing I always say is take a test because that's really the only way you can get data around it. So it's kind of like for instance, for diabetes, a lot of people don't know their status for diabetes. And the only way they know is by going get a blood test, and it's the same for oral health. You really don't know there's no lab tests or have there hadn't been any lab tests for oral health until bristle came along. And so you really need to get the data around it, to know what your starting point is to know what you need to improve because there's very specific recommendations we can make based on the makeup of your oral microbiome. So, I mean the first thing about being proactive is fix your diet brush twice a day, floss once a day, reduce your mouth breathing, try and eat more nitrate foods with nitrate in them. So there's leafy greens and let's see eat more arginine. If you can. Other than that, the recommendations we make could be for specific probiotics to help you improve your oral health. But we don't know which ones, unless you take a test.   (21:12): Okay. So on the test, what kind of information do you get?   (21:15): So we give a variety of scores that are based on your oral microbiome. Really. We look at all the bacteria in your mouth. Eventually we'll also report on the different viruses and fungi because we know that they're also really important for oral disease. But right now, if we're talking about just bacteria, you get scores for your cavities. So we tell you what kind of bacteria in your mouth can contribute to cavities. What kind of bacteria in your mouth can contribute to gum disease, which ones in the mouth that are also implicated in gut inflammation and bad breath. And we're adding, we're adding new features all the time. So,   (21:50): Okay. So it's not one where you're gonna get specific bacterial names. You're basically going to get some type of score. I'm looking at the sample report where you'll get a beneficial bacteria score. And then it will say how you stack up next to healthy people. You get a tooth case score and you'll be told how you stack up compared to people who are healthy people with tooth decay and you'll get a gum inflammation score. And you'll be told compared to people with inflammation, healthy people and you, and then also halitosis bad breath, you'll get a score. And then based on the results you'll get, excuse me, diet and hygiene tips. Is that right?   (22:31): More than that too. Okay. You'll get specific recommendations for probiotics, if possible, and different kinds of supplements that could help you and included in each of the scores. We also do give the bacteria names. We give your abundance of each of the bacteria and how you relate to other people for those different bacteria. And a lot of times it's really hard to interpret that kind of information. Like I can tell you that you have, you know, Pomona gingivalis, but what does that really mean for you? So we try to contextualize it into these scores.   (23:01): I see that I just have a basic, and then there is a breakout where it does show you your bacteria related to these different items and you get custom recommendations based on this. So I didn't see that before.   (23:14): Okay. And each test with the recommendations, we also provide a coach. So we have a dental hygienist on staff who is educated in the oral microbiome and what you can do to improve it. And we provide one coaching call to everyone who, who takes the test so that you can better understand how you can improve oral health, because we know that everybody is different. And so the recommendations we make may not entirely be applicable to you because you have a very specific need. And so we try to build around personalized medicine because we don't think there's a one size fits all approach for anybody really.   (23:46): Right. That's so true. And I love that you give a coaching appointment, they can go through that. I really think that in this day and age, where if you're trying to be proactive about your health and be as healthy as you can now and going forward in the future, this needs to be a part of your plan, right? Not just visiting the dentist twice a year and getting your teeth clean, not just brushing and flossing, but really assessing your oral microbiome as well as your colorectal microbiome and doing all the tests that I talk about. I say all the things, I really think this needs to be a part of it. How did you become interested in this topic? I always wanna know why people do what they've been.   (24:28): So I was trained as a scientist. I did my master's studying antibiotic resistance, so I studied bacteria. And then afterwards I wanted to do something different. I went to study a virus dengue virus during my PhD. And I decided, well, at the time I went to university of Michigan where there's a very big consortia of people studying the gut microbiome. And so the neighboring lab actually studies the interaction between the mouth and the gut. They use a lot of tools to look at how bacteria get from the mouth to the gut and whether or not they can cause disease. And so they published a few studies and that was kind of the start of my foray into it because I used to, we do a thing called journal club. It's basically research sharing between the different labs and, and that's where I first got interested. And so when I came back to California, where I grew up, I decided I wanted to study something with the microbiome. And what I decided to, to embark on was this very complicated interaction between the microbiome, the immune system and neurons. So neurons can interact with the immune system in the gut. And it's really important for actually maintaining homeostasis and keeping a healthy gut. But the way it happens is extremely complicated.    (25:45): Podcast level, like very,   (25:47): I'm not even sure I could explain it very well. Basically the summary at the time of me studying this was that neurons actually create proteins that help recruit immune cells. So there's different types of cells and the immune system that live within your tissue. So normally we refer to immune cells as in your blood and they help to monitor the, the health of your body. But some of them actually live inside of tissues and there's very specific. They're called macrophages. They can sample the environment, they eat stuff, and then they tell your body what's there. And it turns out that neurons, if you get rid of the neurons, then these macrophages also go away. And so these macrophages are in the gut and they're held there by neurons and they help to sample the environment of the gut to tell you, do you need to have diarrhea because there's something bad in here or are you okay because neurons also happen to control the motor function of the gut. So it's a very interesting interaction.   (26:45): Yes. So much science behind all of this. I think it's fascinating. I think what's important for everybody today to get the message. Is that the, or the bacteria in your mouth matter for your, the rest of your system matter for your brain health and do you get dementia or not matter for your heart and do you get heart disease or not matter for many aspects of your health and that to be proactive, you need to test not guess that's something I always say. And treat, I'm just wondering, it sounds like they've found association for instance, with certain of these pathogenic bacteria and hypertension, but have they proved causation and done any interventional studies to say that if you change these bacteria, then your blood pressure will improve. Yeah. Yes.   (27:33): , that's a really good question. That's so what people have done is they've introduced nitrate as a supplement in the mouth. And what they look at is two measurements. The first is salivary nitric oxide. So how much nitrate is being reduced in your saliva and how much nitrate is being reduced into your blood? And so a few studies have very small studies have gone into adding these supplements and it modulates the microbiome in a way that shifts towards more nitrate, reducing bacteria. And that in turn increases your nitric oxide in the blood. So not only have they done a depletion study, where they looked at the people who took mouthwash and it killed all the bacteria, mm-hmm, , they've also boosted them and saw a boost in the blood. Very   (28:15): Interesting. I love that. That is and Pally. We're just, this field is in its Macy and we're gonna have all kinds of designer, probiotics and treatments, hopefully for the mouth in the near future. I will look forward to that and we'll have in the show notes, a link to your blog, and then you do have a discount code for anybody who wants to order a test. So we'll have a code Kyrin, one 50, we'll have the link you can use in the show notes. If you're driving, please don't try to do it. Look it up now , we'll have the link in the show notes. We'll have the code Kyrin one 50 for 15% discount. And you can also look at a sample oral health test report. Like the one I was looking at we'll have the link for that. And I asked David before we started to share a couple quotes on life that he liked to with me. And, you know, I love a good quote. So they're all great, but I'm gonna share this one. Worrying is like a rocking chair. It gives you something to do, but it gets you nowhere.   (29:23): So are you not a worrier? you not worry at all? I   (29:27): Try not to be. I really try not to be. I really like this quote, cuz worrying is the same as doing nothing. Right? It's kind of like your test don't guess by worrying, you're really just sitting there and guessing you don't really know what's gonna happen. Why don't you go do something about it? Just go test, go find out.   (29:43): I love that. It is yeah. Test don't guess do something. It's just, it's rehearsing possibilities. And, but we can do it. I wonder if abnormal microbiome in your mouth is associated with increase in worrying. That would be an interesting study. David, you might wanna do that one. (29:58): There were a few that had suggested some mental health issues were associated with oral microbiome changes. So there was depression, schizophrenia. Alzheimer's like we just talked about a number of things. Yeah.   (30:10): That is fascinating. I think there's gonna be way more data coming out on this association. I mean, we've got the vagi biome. We have our ocular biome. We've got them all over.   (30:22): We didn't even talk about the vaginal microbiome, the oral microbiome, the same bacteria that cause bacterial VA happen to be the ones that are in the mouth that cause gum disease.   (30:31): How fascinating, who knew? Do you guys offer any testing for that?   (30:37): So the, we do have a report on the bacteria. We don't call them out explicitly, but I think one of the, one of the scores we'll probably add in the future will be something like that will be a vaginal dysbiosis score because there's been a few studies that have shown the same strains of bacteria in the mouth. They actually end up colonizing the gut and then in turn, they end up in the vagina. Right. And so if you have dysbiosis either in your gut or in your mouth, that could definitely translate down to the vagina too.   (31:07): Fascinating. So fascinating. David Lin, thank you so much for coming on the hormone prescription podcast and sharing this information with us. I very much appreciate it.   (31:19): Absolutely likewise, me too.   (31:22): And thank you all for listening to another episode of the hormone prescription with Dr. Kyrin. Hopefully you've heard something today that you'll take and put into action to improve your health. It's great to have education atta, but ultimately what's gonna make an impact on your health and your life are the actions that you take. So go check out David's blog, maybe order a test kit, do the test, get the information, take action. And remember if you wanna mouth tape, read about how to do it properly first and I will see you next week. Thanks so much for joining me until then peace, love and hormones.   (32:02): Y'all thank you so much for listening. I know that incredible vitality occurs for women over 40. When we learn to speak hormone and balance these vital regulators to create the health and the life that we deserve. If you're enjoying this podcast, I'd love it. If you give me a review and subscribe, it really does help this podcast out so much. You can visit the hormone prescription.com, where we have some free gifts for you and you can sign up to have a hormone evaluation with me on the podcast to gain clarity into your personal situation until next time, remember, take small steps each day to balance your hormones and watch the wonderful changes in your health that begin to unfold for you. Talk to you soon.   ► The Oral Health Test Kit Measure the 100+ bacteria in your saliva that contribute to tooth decay, gum inflammation, and halitosis (bad breath). https://www.bristlehealth.com/product-oral-health-test - Use the code (KYRIN150 at checkout to get 15% discount)   ► Understand, measure, and improve your oral health. Get your Sample Oral Health Test Report: CLICK HERE   ► Feeling tired? Can't seem to lose weight, no matter how hard you try? It might be time to check your hormones.   Most people don't even know that their hormones could be the culprit behind their problems. But at Her Hormone Club, we specialize in hormone testing and treatment. We can help you figure out what's going on with your hormones and get you back on track.   We offer advanced hormone testing and treatment from Board Certified Practitioners, so you can feel confident that you're getting the best possible care. Plus, our convenient online consultation process makes it easy to get started.   Try Her Hormone Club for 30 days and see how it can help you feel better than before.   CLICK HERE to sign up.  

This week Mike is doing another spoiler-free book review from the High Republic era, continuing with the second wave (of the first phase) with Race To Crashpoint Tower by Daniel José Older – the junior novel which runs parallel to the “adult” novel, The Rising Storm, with a bunch of new and familiar characters! In more detail, Mike start by giving information on the other releases for The High Republic (the first two waves within Phase 1), plus some background/plot information on the book and then delves into his spoiler-free review; providing information from the blurb & the themes, he then delves into the central characters in this book (as well as some who have appeared previously). Mike proceeds to talk about the way RTCT connects to The Rising Storm (with some mild TRS spoilers) and give some plot details from the first chapter or two of this book. Nearer the end Mike then explains RTCT's plot (in brief) before giving his final thoughts and confirming what's next for SWCIC! Race To Crashpoint Tower was released June 29th 2021 and is by Daniel José Older, who has also written the Han & Lando book Last Shot and all of IDW Publishing's High Republic Adventures comics plus the Trail Of Shadows mini-series. Race To Crashpoint Tower is the junior novel of the second wave of the High Republic's first phase along with the “adult” novel The Rising Storm and the YA book Out Of The Shadows, all set in 231BBY. Wave 3 (due early 2022) will include Claudia Gray's “adult” novel The Fallen Star plus junior-novel Mission To Disaster by Justina Ireland and Daniel José Older's young-adult novel Midnight Horizon. From the first wave of phase 1 is Light Of The Jedi, A Test Of Courage & Into The Dark (232BBY), which Mike has reviewed on this show in 2021; LotJ was March, AToC was August and ItD was October. Mike spoke with fellow THR author Claudia Gray on December 12th 2020 on this very channel/feed, so make sure you check that out if you haven't already, plus Mike spoke with Star Wars comic artist Paolo Villanelli on the feed of his other show Genuine Chit-Chat (video version also on YouTube). Mike tackled the first volume of High Republic comics (by Cavan Scott) in episode 84 of SWCIC and the first volume of High Republic Adventures comics (also by Daniel José Older) in ep 86!. Please subscribe to Mike's YouTube channel as once we get 100 subscribers, we can change the YouTube channel link: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClQvgois9knDkFvjqcpoQtw Make sure you tune into the Book Of Boba Fett discussion show where Mike & various guests discuss each chapter of the new series week-by-week, you can listen on this very feed, or on Mike's YouTube channel! For Mike's review on Last Shot, Dark Disciple & other SW books (including some Legends books), check out Mike's Patreon where he also releases an episode of Afterthoughts each week, has early access to GCC episodes & more so if you want to support the show, check out http://patreon.com/genuinechitchat Mike was on Star Wars Timeline to talk about The Force Awakens here: https://youtu.be/c4VMXeBU3W4 The Last Jedi here: https://youtu.be/7dGEsdfSMkY and The Rise of Skywalker here: https://youtu.be/9fZWXji7_Jo Find Mike @GenuineChitChat on Twitter, @Genuine_ChitChat on Instagram & /GenuineChitChat on Facebook! Intro & outro reads by BZ The Voice: http://www.bzthevoice.com/ Intro theme arranged by Mike Burton, backing music by Eric Matyas at www.soundimage.org --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/comics-in-motion-podcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/comics-in-motion-podcast/support

This week Mike is doing another spoiler-free book review from the High Republic era, now venturing into the second wave, starting with The Rising Storm by Cavan Scott – the “main adult” novel with a huge amount of characters, major plot points and shocking moments! In more detail, for the first half of the episode, Mike gives a bit of information on the other releases for The High Republic (the first two waves within Phase 1), gives some background/plot information on the book and then delves into his spoiler-free review; providing information from the blurb, the themes, how it continues from Light Of The Jedi, what he enjoyed about it, which characters have returned and details found within the first few pages. From around the halfway mark, Mike reads out the blurb & crawl before providing more details on the characters and their general journeys/thoughts, the state of the Republic at the start of this book, the wider themes and how they impact story elements, as well as how it fits in with other High Republic material, which all falls into light-spoiler territory. He then talks about “connected content”, primarily the tie-in High Republic comics and gives a mini-review of the Tempest Runner audio drama before giving plenty of warning and delving into his more detailed review, which still doesn't fully spoil the book but it does mention some plot details right at the very end, so you can listen to as little or as much info about The Rising Storm before picking it up yourself. The Rising Storm was released June 29th 2021 by Cavan Scott. He has also written the Dooku Jedi Lost audio drama, The Tempest Runner audio drama (set just after this book), as well as one story from each A Certain Point Of View book, all of Marvel's standard The High Republic comics plus several titles under Star Wars Adventures for IDW publishing including the Monster Of Temple Peak mini-series, all 3 sets of Vader's Castle stories and Adventures In Wild Space. The Rising Storm is the adult novel of the second wave of the High Republic's first phase along with Out Of The Shadows and Race To Crashpoint Tower, while Wave 3 (due early 2022) will include Claudia Gray's “adult” novel The Fallen Star plus junior-novel Mission To Disaster and young-adult novel Midnight Horizon. From the first wave of phase 1 is Light Of The Jedi, A Test Of Courage & Into The Dark, which Mike has reviewed on this show in 2021; LotJ was March, AToC was August and ItD was October. Mike also spoke with fellow THR author Claudia Gray on December 12th 2020 on this very channel/feed, so make sure you check that out if you haven't already, plus Mike spoke with Star Wars comic artist Paolo Villanelli on the feed of his other show Genuine Chit-Chat (video version also on YouTube). Check out the last episode of SWCIC for the penultimate chapter of the War Of The Bounty Hunters crossover, Mike goes into the many plot details of the 6 comics along with many of the connections to other content and more! Mike returned to Star Wars Timeline to talk about The Force Awakens here: https://youtu.be/c4VMXeBU3W4 The Last Jedi here: https://youtu.be/7dGEsdfSMkY and The Rise of Skywalker here: https://youtu.be/9fZWXji7_Jo Mike & Megan spoke with Alex & Mollie of Star Wars Explained, you can listen on this very feed or check out the video version on YouTube here: https://youtu.be/R2fr4-TdbQA Intro theme arranged by Mike Burton, backing music by Eric Matyas at www.soundimage.org --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/comics-in-motion-podcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/comics-in-motion-podcast/support

This week is another special episode, where Mike has taken 3 episodes from his Patreon to release for you lovely listeners while he's on holiday/vacation. Each episode Mike & his girlfriend Megan discuss their views on the Prequel Trilogy after Mike rewatches them for the 20th (or 30th?) time and Megan rewatches them for the third time – they don't agree on everything, so make sure you give it a go, as it may surprise you! Their Phantom Menace discussion ends around 19:30, which leads onto Attack Of The Clones which ends around 37:00 and it finished with Revenge Of The Sith. If you enjoyed this, please check out Mike's Patreon, where he releases 1 or 2 episodes of his “Afterthoughts” a week (including episodes on Solo, Rogue One, the Original Trilogy and Sequel Trilogy episodes will be released in the coming weeks) plus there are unsplit full-length episodes of his other show; Genuine Chit-Chat, additional photos (including early access to photos of comics for this very show) and more, so if you want to support the show and get more content, check it out at http://patreon.com/genuinechitchat Last week, Mike released his spoiler-free review on the High Republic book A Test Of Courage by Justina Ireland - for the first half of the episode, Mike gives a bit of information on the other releases for The High Republic (the first two waves within Phase 1) and then delves into his spoiler-free review; primarily providing information from the blurb and within the first few pages; talking about the book's themes and what he enjoyed about it. In the second half, Mike provides more details on the characters within the story and gives examples on how the book's themes work so well with the story being told, which falls into light-spoiler territory. He gives plenty of warning before delving into his more detailed review, so you can listen to as little or as much info about AToC before picking it up yourself! In the last standard episode of SWCIC (67), Mike takes you through the first Doctor Aphra adventure from the 2020 comic run where Aphra is back to doing what she loves; finding & selling rare artifacts and almost dying in the process! Join everyone's favourite rogue archaeologist with a whole new cast of characters and crazy situations that brings mystery, great dialogue and lots of connections to other Star Wars content that Mike will take you through, including info about the Kubaz species, the Tagge family, cursed bone cities and more! Promo is for the Judging Dredd book, edited by Scott Weatherly (of the 20th Century Geek podcast) & it's available now: http://sequart.org/books/14/judging-dredd-examining-the-world-of-judge-dredd/ Mike on the Have Not Seen This podcast, talking about The Way Way Back: https://spoti.fi/3AbPcV4 Mike appeared on Star Wars Timeline's Timecast, talking about the different SW trilogies, found here: https://youtu.be/W03gonK4rtw Mike & Tony Farina continue their Mark Russell journey by discussing his run of Flintstones comics on Indie Comics Spotlight: https://spoti.fi/3idkXqr Mike spoke about the New 52 Batman comic Endgame on Mandatory Marvel & DC with host Max Byrne: https://spoti.fi/2UzGdxW Mike, Megan & Tonya Todd discuss the Loki series on the feed of Comics In Motion! Parts 1-3: https://spoti.fi/2TamZ10 and 4-6: https://spoti.fi/36MmvRW Find Mike @GenuineChitChat on Twitter, @Genuine_ChitChat on Instagram & /GenuineChitChat on Facebook! Intro & outro reads by BZ The Voice: http://www.bzthevoice.com/ Intro theme arranged by Mike Burton, backing music by Eric Matyas at www.soundimage.org --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/comics-in-motion-podcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/comics-in-motion-podcast/support

This week Mike is doing another spoiler-free book review from the High Republic era; A Test Of Courage by Justina Ireland! Although the book is aimed at “middle-school” readers, this is a book that will appeal to all ages due to the writing, characters and themes throughout. In more detail, for the first half of the episode, Mike gives a bit of information on the other releases for The High Republic (the first two waves within Phase 1) and then delves into his spoiler-free review; primarily providing information from the blurb and within the first few pages; talking about the book's themes and what he enjoyed about it. In the second half, Mike provides more details on the characters within the story and gives examples on how the book's themes work so well with the story being told, which falls into light-spoiler territory. He gives plenty of warning before delving into his more detailed review, so you can listen to as little or as much info about AToC before picking it up yourself – Mike ends the review with a spoiler-free overview of the first 3 High Republic books and talking about where they fit chronologically with the comics & other High Republic content A Test Of Courage is from Phase 1, Wave 1 of The High Republic, also in Wave 1 is Light Of The Jedi and Into The Dark. Phase 1, Wave 2 includes The Rising Storm, Out Of The Shadows and Race To Crashpoint Tower. A Test Of Courage was released January 5th 2021 by Justina Ireland. She has also written the young adult novel Out Of The Shadows; a “sequel” to both Claudia Gray's Into The Dark and AToC in The High Republic, plus the War Of The Bounty Hunters Jabba one-shot comic and the junior novels Lando's Luck and Spark Of The Resistance. Other High Republic content currently available includes; Light Of The Jedi – an “adult” novel by Charles Soule, Into The Dark – a young adult novel by Claudia Gray (who Mike spoke with on SWCIC on December 12th), The High Republic comics by Cavan Scott and High Republic Adventures comics by Daniel José Older, plus Cavan Scott's sequel novel to Light Of The Jedi, named The Rising Storm is available now along with Out Of The Shadows by Justina Ireland and Race To Crashpoint Tower by Daniel José Older. In the last episode of SWCIC, Mike takes you through the first Doctor Aphra adventure from the 2020 comic run where Aphra is back to doing what she loves; finding & selling rare artifacts and almost dying in the process! Join everyone's favourite rogue archaeologist with a whole new cast of characters and crazy situations that brings mystery, great dialogue and lots of connections to other Star Wars content that Mike will take you through, including info about the Kubaz species, the Tagge family, cursed bone cities and more! Promo is for the Judging Dredd book, edited by Scott Weatherly (of the 20th Century Geek podcast) & it's available now: http://sequart.org/books/14/judging-dredd-examining-the-world-of-judge-dredd/ This was released four days early over on Mike's Patreon, where he also releases episodes of his “Afterthoughts” show weekly (with 3 episodes now *FREE* to anyone), plus there are unsplit full-length episodes of GCC and more, so if you want to support the show and get more content, check it out at http://patreon.com/genuinechitchat! Mike guested on the Have Not Seen This podcast, talking about The Way Way Back: https://spoti.fi/3AbPcV4 Mike appeared on Star Wars Timeline's Timecast, talking about the different SW trilogies, found here: https://youtu.be/W03gonK4rtw Intro & outro reads by BZ The Voice: http://www.bzthevoice.com/ Intro theme arranged by Mike Burton, backing music by Eric Matyas at www.soundimage.org --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/comics-in-motion-podcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/comics-in-motion-podcast/support

THE ONES: Ones In A Lifetime (The Flawless Megamix) *We love you, Nashom. xoxoxo side A: Blast From The Past (intro) Flawless (ATOC Re-Remix) Superstar (Phunk Investigation Club) When We Get Together (Josh Peace Electro Soul Mix) Ultramodern (ATOC Voxmaster) The Feeling ft. Adam Joseph I Feel Upside Down (ATOC Vocal Mix) Gotta Get Away From You Face and Body ft. Fagault & Marina (John “J-C” Carr Fashion Mix) side B: The Pussycat Song (extended) Let’s Celebrate ft. Nomi Ruiz Picture Perfect (The Rapture HushHush Remix) Miles Away I’m Going To Go (Automagic’s Upside Down Dub) Work Me ft. Ultra Naté Once In A Lifetime x Fagault & Marina Get Higher Together > THE ONES are: Paul Alexander, Jojo Americo and Nashom Wooden *selects taken from The Ones Discography: "Flawless" ep (2001)A Touch of Class The Ones, album (2007) A Touch Of Class "When We Get Together" ep (2008) A Touch Of Class / in association w/Peace Bisquit NYC Jungle, album (2008) A Touch Of Class / in association w/ Peace Bisquit "Let's Celebrate" (2010) Beat Congress / Strictly Rhythm / in association w/ Peace Bisquit Blast From The Past, album(2012) Peace Bisquit Work Pussy In Face, remix album (2014) Peace Bisquit

This week we have the fastest American in Kona EVER! Mr. Timothy O'Donnell is joining us to talk about the injuries leading up to Kona, the rehab and training, the race, the result and more. Announcements: Go to MileHighEndurancePodcast.com, click on the "subscribe" button, and you will get the newsletter with show notes and all the links and articles sent to you automatically every week. If you love the show, please consider making a donation of any amount by clicking the PayPal donate button at the bottom of the Podcast page. Sponsor - iKOR Labs: Today's show is supported by iKOR Labs. iKOR is a clean, natural source of recovery enhancing CBD that protects your body from the stresses of training, improves recovery from intense efforts and helps you maintain a positive mental state. The all-new iKOR Recovery Shot™ is the most complete recovery product yet. A formulation of tart cherry, vapor-distilled and liposomally encapsulated full spectrum hemp extract, hyaluronic acid, beet juice, raspberry juice, turmeric root, ginger root helps to quickly lessen the effects of inflammation and oxidative stress from intense athletic activity. Save 20% by using the code "mhe2020" at checkout. Go to www.ikorlabs.com for more details.   In Today's Show: Feature interview What's New in the 303 Endurance News Video of the week Upcoming Interviews Sponsor - Halo Neuro: Our interview is sponsored by Halo Neuroscience. The Halo Sport from Halo Neuroscience will help you learn the technique and form to get faster. 20 minutes of neural priming with the Halo Headset gives you an hour of neural plasticity to work and lock in the muscle movement that leads to strength, power and endurance. Use the code "MHE" at checkout to save an additional $20. Interview Introduction: Timothy O’Donnell is one of the world’s most successful and experienced American long-course triathletes. !7:59:41 in Kona this year and the fastest American ever on that course. Let's get into the interview with TO.   Sponsor - Riplaces: Our post interview discussion is sponsored by Riplaces. Riplaces are an elastic lace system that integrates a bungee loop with a plastic core to connect the loop in each eyelet of your running shoe. The bungees come in 5 sizes to achieve custom tension for the perfect fit. The bungees and the cores come in a variety of colors and styles to help you personalize your set. Or, you can choose the MHE logo package. Pro triathlete proven and endorsed, use the code MHE25 to get that 25% discount. Go to www.riplaces.com for more information, or go to the MHE Sponsor Discounts page by going to www.milehighendurance.com, or directly to https://www.riplaces.com/collections/mile-high-endurance About the interview: Inspired to aqua jog Ucan starter pack has TO's Kona photos in the packaging - https://www.generationucan.com/product/ucan-tri-starter-pack/     What's New in the 303: The USA Triathlon Foundation today announced it is accepting applications for the second annual USA Triathlon Foundation Ambassador Team Powered by Newton Running. Team members are charged with raising awareness for the mission of the USA Triathlon Foundation and encouraging participation in their local communities, all while serving as brand representatives for Newton Running. The application window runs from Nov. 4-Nov. 22.   From   Off the beaten mainstream path of traditional triathlons, Boulder’s Laura Knoblach set a world record at the Todo Triatlon (sp), in Leon, Mexico. In this Double Deca Continuous race, competitors complete a 48-mile swim, 2,240-mile bike, and a 524-mile run. Basically they do 20 full-distance IRONMAN races in 28 days. It took Laura 633:41:39 to finish.   From       Endurance News: A federal safety board issued a surprise recommendation for mandatory bike helmet laws in all 50 states — unanimously approving a last-minute resolution that had not been recommended by the board’s own staff. The National Transportation Safety Board voted 3-0 to recommend helmet laws even as staff members reminded panelists that such laws may reduce overall cycling, and lead to the “unintended consequence” of more road fatalities because fewer cyclists will mean less pressure on local officials to build the kind of protected infrastructure that is proven to improve cyclist safety.   From     Last week, events company AEG announced that the Amgen Tour of California, the last remaining UCI World Tour race that’s brought some of the world’s most talented riders to the U.S. for the past 14 years, would be put “on hiatus.” In a statement announcing the cancellation, AEG did not detail any specific reasons for it, but suggested that the ATOC would not be coming back until they figure out the biggest barrier to bike racing here in the United States: money. “This has been a very difficult decision to make, but the business fundamentals of the Amgen Tour of California have changed since we launched the race 14 years ago,” Kristin Klein, president of the Amgen Tour of California and executive vice president of AEG Sports said in a statement. “This new reality has forced us to re-evaluate our options, and we are actively assessing every aspect of our event to determine if there is a business model that will allow us to successfully relaunch the race in 2021.”   From     At 17, Mary Cain was already a record-breaking phenom: the fastest girl in a generation, and the youngest American track and field athlete to make a World Championships team. In 2013, she was signed by the best track team in the world, Nike’s Oregon Project, run by its star coach Alberto Salazar. Then everything collapsed. Her fall was just as spectacular as her rise, and she shares. Instead of becoming a symbol of girls’ unlimited potential in sports, Cain became yet another standout young athlete who got beaten down by a win-at-all-costs culture. Girls like Cain become damaged goods and fade away. We rarely hear what happened to them. We move on.   From       Video of the Week: Black cat on the MNF Football fans cheer for black cat running across field mid-game - (Giants vs Cowboys) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hkCsNhnhbg0   Water Running Deep water 1- How To Do Pool Running With Jeff Galloway 2- How to Deep Water Run   Equipment https://www.swimoutlet.com/p/aquajogger-active-pack-2347/?&color=210&utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=google-shopping&campaignid=1670001492&adgroupid=64109935385&keyword=&matchtype=&targetid=aud-401997508960:pla-438278789745&device=c&creativeid=323089748382&adposition=1o4&gclid=Cj0KCQiAno_uBRC1ARIsAB496IW1nhQABb7MeFAeNkKmudl1vmjgcQxkhCu5duULd0iOQYxyHw-1rhEaAoWjEALw_wcB           Upcoming Interviews: UCAN Director of Triathlon business, Matt Bach, gave us a little education on fueling and hydrating at iron-distance.   in Kona first at the Fat Adapted Athlete seminar where he gave a presentation and then we met again at the Evening with Champions with Dave Scott and Mark Allen. Marcus Smith of InnerFight on the topic of how to develop mental strength and how to leverage mental strength in time of adversity. Marc Bloom the author of Amazing Racers the story of America's greatest running team and their revolutionary coach, Bill Aris of the Fayetteville-Manlius. Closing: Please support our affiliate brands that support the show and help you get faster! See the https://milehighendurancepodcast.com/sponsors page. Be sure to follow us on social media including @303endurance, Facebook @milehighendurancepodcast, Twitter @milehighpodcast, Instagram @tripodcasterrich and on YouTube @303TV Stay tuned, train informed, and enjoy the endurance journey!

Between 2 Wheels Podcast: Cycling News, Commentary, and Analysis from NorCal; Host Tyler Janke, Curt Mills and Chris Flower. Episode #148 - With the announcement of that the 2020 Amgen Tour of California will go on Hiatus, we discuss the speculation as to why.  Is the cause the Equal Pay law or some other reason?  How does this reflect on professional cycling in America?  The Giro route is released and we go over the details and give some highlights.  In our "Things that Make you go Hmmmm,...." we explore the Russian hacker group "Fancy Bears" and their newest target.     Subscribe to our Podcast YouTube Channel.  Give us a rating and comment on iTunes, Stitcher, Overcast.fm, GooglePlay or Podbean and now also on TuneinSubscribe on Android Follow and share us on Facebook at: https://www.facebook.com/between2wheels/Find us on twitter @b2w_podcast or Email: admin@between2wheels.comWebsite: www.between2wheels.com

Aevolo Cycling's Michael Hernandez talks to Randy and Dean about his Amgen Tour of California experience racing for the composite USA Team.  Hernandez rode in two breakaways and earned the most courageous rider jersey on stage 4.  The Warrens discuss the Tour of California race as well as the Giro d' Italia.  Dean and Randy recap the first Mountain Bike World Cup races and the highlights of the Women's Tour for California race.

Between 2 Wheels Podcast: Cycling News, Commentary, and Analysis from NorCal; Host Tyler Janke, Curt Mills and Chris Flower. EP 119 Tyler goes over the Amgen Tour of California through stage 6 and gives his take on the fiasco from stage 4 with the 3+ km rule.  We also discuss some behind the scenes takes along with the Giro d'Italia and how Nibali demanding respect is a joke.   Subscribe to our Podcast YouTube Channel.  Give us a rating and comment on iTunes, Stitcher, Overcast.fm, GooglePlay or Podbean and now also on TuneinSubscribe on Android Follow and share us on Facebook at: https://www.facebook.com/between2wheels/Find us on twitter @b2w_podcast or Email: admin@between2wheels.comWebsite: www.between2wheels.com

A full studio, some delicious beverages, and plenty to talk about. Part one of a double episode with Bart Bowen to talk about ATOC rules and the upcoming Cascade Cycling Classic. 

Part two of the big night in the "NON Studio" with Pat, Paul, Karsten and Anne-Marije Rook to discuss the good, bad, and ugly side of Women's Road Cycling and beyond. 

Randy and Dean Warren convene once again to talk about the latest in the cycling world, particularly the Giro d' Italia where Dean witnessed first hand stage 16 on the Stelvio climb in northern Italy.  The Warren brothers talk about Tom Dumoulin's defense of the Pink leaders jersey and Nibali's stage win, marking the first for an Italian at this year's Giro.  Dean and Randy discuss the recently completed Amgen Tour of California and Rally Pro Cycling's two stage wins by Evan Huffman.  Dean interviews Rally's Sepp Kuss.  The Warrens look forward to the rest of the Giro and upcoming racing as well.

Episode 75 of the Warren Cycling Podcast features first hand coverage of the Amgen Tour of California by Dean.  He talks to Sunweb's Coryn Rivera, Boels Dolmans' Megan Guarnier, and UnitedHealthcare's Katie Hall.  The Warrens talk about the 4 stage women's world tour event, then discuss the first two stages of the men's race.  Dean shares interviews with Ben Wolfe (Jelly Belly p/b Maxxis), Trek-Segafredo's Kiel Reijnen, and Team Dimension Data's Lachlan Morton.  Dean also has a special interview of UHC's Travis McCabe by an 8 year old.  Randy and Dean check out what is going on at the Giro d' Italia to wrap up the podcast.

Dean and Randy Warren talk about two big stage races, the Amgen Tour of California and the Giro d' Italia.  Dean is on hand in California and in this episode interviews Holowesko Citadel's Travis McCabe and Dimension Data's Tyler Farrar.  They talk about the first stage at the ATOC and the upcoming week.  Randy and Dean discuss the exciting Giro and who's still in contention for the overall victory.

Dean is back from vacation and he and Randy discuss all the latest bicycle races on the Warren Cycling Podcast.  They hold off on talking about the first grand tour, the Giro d' Italia until later in the podcast after reviewing the Tour of Romandie, Tour of the Gila, Tour of Yorkshire, and The Four Days of Dunkerque.  They discuss Mara Abbott's win in New Mexico as well as Jelly Belly's Lachlan Morton's victory.  Dean and Randy gage Tour de France preparations from the results at the Tour de Romandie, and speak about the globalization of cycling.  They preview the upcoming Amgen Tour of California then cover the first five stages of racing at the Giro before signing off.

The FredCast Cycling Podcast Episode 157 May 24, 2010 This Episode of The FredCast is Sponsored by KEEN Footwear 1. Features are sponsored by JENSON USA 2. All shows are sponsored by listeners like you. Thank you for your donations! SPECIAL EPISODE - 2010 AMGEN TOUR OF CALIFORNIA WRAP-UP 1. Amgen Tour of California - May 16-23, 2010 - Interviews with: Ralf Aldag, Team HTC-Columbia Bob Stapleton, Team HTC-Columbia Press Conference with: - George Hincapie - Ryder Hjesdal - Michael Rogers Sponsored by . . . 1. KEEN Footwear 2. YOU! Thank you for your Donations! How to Contact The Fredcast 1. Twitter: twitter.com/fredcast 2. Email: thefredcast@gmail.com 3. Facebook: www.facebook.com/fredcast 4. Web: www.thefredcast.com 5. Audio Comments: - Listener Hotline: (661) 513-FRED - or - (661) 513-3733 - Skype: thefredcast - Send MP3, WAV or AIFF to: thefredcast@gmail.com Podsafe Cycling Music 1. Thanks to Cadence Revolution! 2. The Connection by Ride Your Bike The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

The FredCast Cycling Podcast Episode 157 May 24, 2010 This Episode of The FredCast is Sponsored by KEEN Footwear 1. Features are sponsored by JENSON USA 2. All shows are sponsored by listeners like you. Thank you for your donations! SPECIAL EPISODE - 2010 AMGEN TOUR OF CALIFORNIA WRAP-UP 1. Amgen Tour of California - May 16-23, 2010 - Interviews with: Ralf Aldag, Team HTC-Columbia Bob Stapleton, Team HTC-Columbia Press Conference with: - George Hincapie - Ryder Hjesdal - Michael Rogers Sponsored by . . . 1. KEEN Footwear 2. YOU! Thank you for your Donations! How to Contact The Fredcast 1. Twitter: twitter.com/fredcast 2. Email: thefredcast@gmail.com 3. Facebook: www.facebook.com/fredcast 4. Web: www.thefredcast.com 5. Audio Comments: - Listener Hotline: (661) 513-FRED - or - (661) 513-3733 - Skype: thefredcast - Send MP3, WAV or AIFF to: thefredcast@gmail.com Podsafe Cycling Music 1. Thanks to Cadence Revolution! 2. The Connection by Ride Your Bike The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2010 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 1 May 17, 2010 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2010 Amgen Tour of California MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2010 Amgen Tour of California - Preview May 16, 2010 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2010 Amgen Tour of California MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2010 Amgen Tour of California - Preview May 16, 2010 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2010 Amgen Tour of California MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2010 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 1 May 17, 2010 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2010 Amgen Tour of California MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 8 February 22, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Garmin-Slipstream Soigner ◦ Chuck Hodge - ATOC Technical Director • Stage 8 Review - The Sweetest Victory • Full Results • Press Conference Highlights ◦ Mark Cavendish ◦ Bob Stapleton ◦ Michael Rogers ◦ Frank Schleck ◦ Dave Zabriskie ◦ Johann Bruyneel ◦ Lance Armstrong ◦ Levi Leipheimer MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 8 February 22, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Garmin-Slipstream Soigner ◦ Chuck Hodge - ATOC Technical Director • Stage 8 Review - The Sweetest Victory • Full Results • Press Conference Highlights ◦ Mark Cavendish ◦ Bob Stapleton ◦ Michael Rogers ◦ Frank Schleck ◦ Dave Zabriskie ◦ Johann Bruyneel ◦ Lance Armstrong ◦ Levi Leipheimer MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 7 February 21, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Bobby Julich ◦ Jens Voigt ◦ Jeff Louder ◦ Chris Baldwin ◦ Tyler Hamiton • Stage 7 Review - Fans and Break Don't Disappoint • Full Results • Press Conference Highlights ◦ Christian Vandevelde ◦ Floyd Landis • Preview of Stage 8 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 7 February 21, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Bobby Julich ◦ Jens Voigt ◦ Jeff Louder ◦ Chris Baldwin ◦ Tyler Hamiton • Stage 7 Review - Fans and Break Don't Disappoint • Full Results • Press Conference Highlights ◦ Christian Vandevelde ◦ Floyd Landis • Preview of Stage 8 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 6 February 20, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Craig Hummer ◦ Jonathan Vaughers ◦ Matt White ◦ Rolf Aldag ◦ Tyler Hamiton ◦ Michael Ball ◦ Michael Zellman • Stage 6 Review - Threepeat Preview • Full Results • Preview of Stage 7 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 6 February 20, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Craig Hummer ◦ Jonathan Vaughers ◦ Matt White ◦ Rolf Aldag ◦ Tyler Hamiton ◦ Michael Ball ◦ Michael Zellman • Stage 6 Review - Threepeat Preview • Full Results • Preview of Stage 7 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 5 February 19, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Jim Birrell ◦ Stage 5 Review - Cavendish Repeats ◦ Full Results ◦ Press Conference Highlights with: ▪ Mark Cavendisk ▪ Tom Boonen ◦ Interview with Bob Stapleton ◦ Preview of Stage 5 
MUSIC: ◦ Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan
 The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 5 February 19, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Jim Birrell ◦ Stage 5 Review - Cavendish Repeats ◦ Full Results ◦ Press Conference Highlights with: ▪ Mark Cavendisk ▪ Tom Boonen ◦ Interview with Bob Stapleton ◦ Preview of Stage 5 
MUSIC: ◦ Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan
 The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 4 February 18, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Bob Roll ◦ Bob Stapleton ◦ Rolf Aldag ◦ Mark Cavendish ◦ Tyler Hamilton ◦ Levi Leipheimer ◦ Lance Armstrong • Stage 4 Review - Cavendish's Redemption • Full Results • Press Conference Highlights with: ◦ Levi Leipheimer ◦ Mark Cavendish • Interview with Pat McQuad • Preview of Stage 4 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 4 February 18, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Bob Roll ◦ Bob Stapleton ◦ Rolf Aldag ◦ Mark Cavendish ◦ Tyler Hamilton ◦ Levi Leipheimer ◦ Lance Armstrong • Stage 4 Review - Cavendish's Redemption • Full Results • Press Conference Highlights with: ◦ Levi Leipheimer ◦ Mark Cavendish • Interview with Pat McQuad • Preview of Stage 4 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 3 February 17, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Dr. Ramin Modabber - Chief Medical Officer ◦ Lorrin Rhodes - Voice of Radio Tour ◦ Svein Tuft - Garmin Slipstream ◦ Tom Boonen - QuickStep • Stage 3 Review - Wind, Rain and the God of Thunder • Full Results • Press Conference Highlights with: ◦ Mark Renshaw ◦ Bradley White ◦ Thor Hushovd • Preview of Stage 4 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 3 February 17, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Dr. Ramin Modabber - Chief Medical Officer ◦ Lorrin Rhodes - Voice of Radio Tour ◦ Svein Tuft - Garmin Slipstream ◦ Tom Boonen - QuickStep • Stage 3 Review - Wind, Rain and the God of Thunder • Full Results • Press Conference Highlights with: ◦ Mark Renshaw ◦ Bradley White ◦ Thor Hushovd • Preview of Stage 4 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 2 February 16, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Tom Schuler - Team Type 1 ◦ John Livingston - Media Car Driver • Stage 2 Review - Leipheimer Blasts Into Yellow • Full Results • Press Conference Highlights with: ◦ Levi Leipheimer ◦ Tom Peterson ◦ Ben Jacques-Maynes • Preview of Stage 3 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 2 February 16, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Tom Schuler - Team Type 1 ◦ John Livingston - Media Car Driver • Stage 2 Review - Leipheimer Blasts Into Yellow • Full Results • Press Conference Highlights with: ◦ Levi Leipheimer ◦ Tom Peterson ◦ Ben Jacques-Maynes • Preview of Stage 3 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 1 February 15, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Phil Southerland - Team Type 1 ◦ Scott Nydam - Team BMC ◦ Bob Stapleton - Team Columbia/High Road • Stage 1 Review - Mancebo Solos to Victory • Full Results • Riding in The Caravan with Mavic • Riding in The Caravan by Mistake • Preview of Stage 2 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 1 February 15, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: • Review of Current Standings Going Into Today's Stage • Overview of Today's Stage • Interviews with: ◦ Phil Southerland - Team Type 1 ◦ Scott Nydam - Team BMC ◦ Bob Stapleton - Team Columbia/High Road • Stage 1 Review - Mancebo Solos to Victory • Full Results • Riding in The Caravan with Mavic • Riding in The Caravan by Mistake • Preview of Stage 2 MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Prologue February 14, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: - Introduction to the 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Interviews with: Bob Stapleton - Team Columbia/High Road Rolf Aldag - Team Columbia/High Road Mark Cavendish- Team Columbia/High Road Mara Abbott- Team Columbia/High Road - Prologue Results - Cancellara wins 2nd AToC Prologue in 2 Years - Press Conference Highlights from: Dave Zabriskie Levi Leipheimer Fabian Cancellara Preview of Stage 1 MUSIC: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Prologue February 14, 2009 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast and powered by the resources of Bicycle.net (www.bicycle.net). A Daily Summary of the 2009 Amgen Tour of California SUMMARY OF THE DAY'S RACING: - Introduction to the 2009 Amgen Tour of California - Interviews with: Bob Stapleton - Team Columbia/High Road Rolf Aldag - Team Columbia/High Road Mark Cavendish- Team Columbia/High Road Mara Abbott- Team Columbia/High Road - Prologue Results - Cancellara wins 2nd AToC Prologue in 2 Years - Press Conference Highlights from: Dave Zabriskie Levi Leipheimer Fabian Cancellara Preview of Stage 1 MUSIC: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2008 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 7 February 24, 2008 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast, www.bicycle.net, and FredCast Tours Preview of Today's Stage 7 Interviews with: Mark Cavendish, Team High Road Bob Stapleton, Team High Road Freddie Rodgriguez, Rock Racing Chris Horner, Astana Jose Luis 'Chechu' Rubiera, Astana Scott Nydam, BMC Michael Creed, Rock Racing Summary of the Day's Racing Action Final Standings Post-race Interview with Michael Creed Press Conference Highlights with: George Hincapie Levi Leipheimer Music: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2008 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 7 February 24, 2008 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast, www.bicycle.net, and FredCast Tours Preview of Today's Stage 7 Interviews with: Mark Cavendish, Team High Road Bob Stapleton, Team High Road Freddie Rodgriguez, Rock Racing Chris Horner, Astana Jose Luis 'Chechu' Rubiera, Astana Scott Nydam, BMC Michael Creed, Rock Racing Summary of the Day's Racing Action Final Standings Post-race Interview with Michael Creed Press Conference Highlights with: George Hincapie Levi Leipheimer Music: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2008 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 6 February 23, 2008 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast, www.bicycle.net, and FredCast Tours Preview of Today's Stage 6 Interviews with: Bjarne Riis, Team CSC Danny Pate, Team Slipstream Rolf Aldag, Team High Road Sean Tucker, Toyota-United Summary of the Day's Racing Action Press Conference Highlights with: Jim Birrell Luciano Andre Pagliarini Levi Leipheimer Standings after Stage 6 Preview of Tomorrow's Stage 7 Music: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2008 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 5 February 22, 2008 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast, www.bicycle.net, and FredCast Tours Preview of Today's Stage 5 Interviews with: Rolf Aldag, Team High Road Dominique Rollin Jim Birrell Summary of the Day's Racing Action Press Conference Highlights with: Levi Leipheimer Pat McQuaid Standings after Stage 5 Interview with Michael Ball Preview of Tomorrow's Stage 6 Music: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2008 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 4 February 21, 2008 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast, www.bicycle.net, and FredCast Tours Preview of Today's Stage 4 Interviews with: Steven Cozza Wounded Warrior Project Summary of the Day's Racing Action Standings after Stage 4 Preview of Tomorrow's Stage 5 Music: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2008 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 3 February 20, 2008 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast, www.bicycle.net, and FredCast Tours Review of Current Standings Preview of Today's Stage 3 Interviews with: Tony Cruz Viatcheslav Ekimov Sean Tucker Bjarne Riis Jonathan Vaughters Summary of the Day's Racing Action Standings after Stage 3 Post-race Interviews Preview of Tomorrow's Stage 4 Music: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2008 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 2 February 19, 2008 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast, www.bicycle.net, and FredCast Tours Preview of Today's Stage 2 Interviews with: Jackson Stewart Bob Stapleton Kayle Leogrande Fast Freddie Rodriguez Review of Standings Summary of the Day's Racing Action Standings after Stage 2 Post-race Interviews Preview of Tomorrow's Stage 3 Music: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2008 Amgen Tour of California - Stage 1 February 18, 2008 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast, www.bicycle.net, and FredCast Tours Preview of Today's Stage 1 Review of Standings Interviews with: Ivan Dominguez Bob Stapleton Tom Ritchey Tyler Hamilton Summary of the Day's Racing Action Standings after Stage 1 Post-race Interviews Interview with Ken Conley, professional photographer Preview of Tomorrow's Stage 2 Music: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST 2008 Amgen Tour of California - Prologue February 17, 2008 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast, www.bicycle.net, and FredCast Tours Preview of Today's Stage Summary of the Day's Racing Action Interview with Richard from Cyclelicious & Jeff Seltzer of Palo Alto Cycles Interview with phil Liggett Music: Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

THE DAILY TOUR PODCAST Preview of the 2008 Amgen Tour of California February 17, 2008 Brought to you by The FredCast Cycling Podcast, www.bicycle.net, and FredCast Tours MUSIC: • Never Play in Deep France by Steffen Coonan The FredCast Cycling Podcast is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.