Homegrown Horticulture

Taun Beddes 0:01 Hello everyone and welcome back to the Homegrown Horticulture podcast. On today's episode we talk about what's wrong with Kwanzan Cherry. Then also we have two interviews from Savannah Peterson, a horticulturist with the Central Utah Water Conservancy District. She talks about irrigation and programs to get money back for re-landscaping your yard. I was recently called to look at flowering Kwanzan Cherry at a neighbor's house. The tree was 78 years old and in the past has looked relatively healthy. And when it bloomed in the spring was quite pretty. But this spring, only about half the tree flowered. And once it was done flowering, it only had a couple of healthy branches. And so when I look at a tree or a shrub or another plant, I have a rough checklist I go through to help me narrow down what might be wrong with whatever I'm looking at. Oftentimes, just look at the yard in its entirety. How well is it maintained? How green is the grass? Are there weeds everywhere? This can give me some clues as to what might be going on. The first thing I noticed is that the grass is very green as compared to the neighbor's. It was recently fertilized but I don't think this has much to do with why the cherry is struggling. The next thing I noticed is that there's dandelions in the lawn, and so they haven't used a lawn weed killer. This can be important because a lot of times we see problems with trees and lawns where a weed and feed or another lawn weed killer has been applied. The next thing I checked was irrigation. The lawn is very green, and when I knelt down by the tree trunk, both of my knees were wet. This could indicate that the tree is getting too much water. When that happens, the water penetrates into the soil and drives oxygen and atmosphere out. This is bad for roots and can make the tree unhealthy and more susceptible to a number of root diseases. I next looked at the overall health of the trunk and branches. The first thing I noticed was that there was a lot of Southwest winter injury. This is where the sun heats the trunk up on the south and west side of the tree in the winter. As the bark heats up, it causes sap flow and at night the sap freezes and bursts the cells in the conductive tissue and over time the bark will start to slough off. Even though the bark hadn't fallen off yet, I noticed that when I cut some of the bark off that the conductive tissue underneath was in fact dead. I also cut some of the bark off at a very shallow angle on a couple of different spots in the tree. In both cases, the conductive tissue was either brown or light green, which wasn't a good indication that the tree was really healthy. With how many branches that had not leafed out, the Southwest winter injury, and the condition of the conductive tissue underneath the bark, I recommended to the homeowners that they might give it another couple of weeks to see if it forms any more leaves. I really don't think it will. But if it doesn't form any leaves, the silver lining is that fruit wood, especially cherry wood, makes great wood for smoking meat. And so the next best use for the tree will be smoking some meat for the summer so that the neighbors can enjoy it. I recommended to the homeowners that they dial back their irrigation a bit, especially since we're in a drought. Should they want to replant the tree, there are many species that would work. But some off the top of my head included many varieties and cultivars of crab apples because they're so adapted to our soils and they bloom so beautifully, and newer ones actually don't produce a lot of fruit. Or hawthorns because they have the same characteristics in being very strong trees. Thanks for listening, and I hope we do it again sometime. And there's certain things you recommend that people do so that they can be successful. And the first one starts with the sprinkler clock. Savannah 4:17 One term is sprinkler clock. Another term that more people might

Hi all, there's been a lot of concerns about water restrictions coming this summer and I think most people are going to see them at least along the Wasatch Front. And if it's going to be possible to actually grow a garden with severe water restrictions. I know that Weber Basin water has announced you will only be watering once a week, and that includes both your lawn and your garden. In a garden situation, you can't just water once a week, once you put your vegetables in, because they need a month to six weeks to get established. What I would recommend doing is on the day of the week that you water, that's the day you plan to and you get some containers whether they're Rubbermaid containers, five gallon buckets, or even something bigger like a rain barrel, if you can find them, and fill those up on the day that it's your turn for irrigation. Those seeds a new plants that you just put in can be hand watered then on the days that is not your turn for irrigation. new plants actually don't require a lot of water to get established where something like a new pepper or a new tomato would be fine being watered three or maybe four days a week with around three or four cups of water. And over a period of a month or six weeks as the roots expand into the soil, you will need to water less often and things like tomatoes, and peppers, especially with use of some mulch of some sort will only need to be watered about once a week in most soils. I wanted to talk briefly about how to use mulch in the garden, you can put it around the plants and in between the rows and it not only helps hold water in the soil, but it actually does a great job of holding down weeds. Now the best free mulch I have ever seen are actually my grass clippings, I'll put two to three inches of fresh cut grass down on the soil and over a week or so at browns out and then it seems to compact just a bit. And it's a great barrier for most weeds. With the exception of something like maybe field bindweed which you're going to have to hand pull, the mulch that you put in will benefit the soil as it breaks down. And as I mentioned earlier, hold water in. And so with the use of mulch like grass clippings or bark, then you can get away with watering once or twice a week and your garden will actually be in really good shape. And that's assuming that it's established. I wanted to give a brief mention to what's called plastic mulch. And this is where you see gardeners putting down drip irrigation or drip hose stretching plastic over a row. And then they will go ahead and grow their plants up through the plastic by putting holes in it and then putting the seeds or transplants in there. The black plastic is very available from local hardware stores and box stores. You just want to make sure that is UV resistant. You also made need some landscape staples to help peg the hose down that you put under the plastic and to help hold the plastic in place. After I get the plastic placed. What I will do is then put soil on the sides of the plastic to hold it down. Now some concerns about plastic mulches. There are a few concerns about plastic mulch one is is that the plastic is not recyclable, and so you do need to send it to the landfill at the end of the season. The other concern is irrigation. Let's say you have drip hose underneath your plastic mulch but you need to water more than once a week. In that situation, you'd have to have that saved water in your rain barrels or five gallon buckets or whatever. And you'd have to be able to water through the plastic and so you might need to make a bigger hole and even then make some sort of a basin around the plant. So as you carefully poured water in during the period, you can't irrigate, it's just a little bit more difficult to do. My other concern with plastic molter in the areas such as Sandy in the Leighton bench that have really sandy soils, this would include Clearfield and that little portion of West Point also, I would

In today's show we have Michael Caron and Samantha Hansen. Both are experienced horticulturists. Mike talks about maintaining gardening tools, and Samantha growing ranunculus (Buttercups).

Hi all, I hope you have a happy holiday.

https://extension.usu.edu/pests/uppdl/files/factsheet/Billbugs.pdf

00:09 Elm Seed Bug 08:43 Dr. Kelly Kopp on Lawn Watering Elm Seed Bug https://extension.usu.edu/pests/caps/files/elm-seed-bug-2017.pdf

Thousand Canker Disease of Walnut: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1729&context=extension_curall https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/ornamental-pest-guide/arthopods/scales/pine-needle-scale

https://slowtheflow.org/?gclid=CjwKCAjw_o-HBhAsEiwANqYhp05h0lXIari-4Ujsx7zxegLTv6v8_1XiGejvEaXXm8BMy5uCkDobcxoCr3QQAvD_BwE See transcripts. usual.usu.edu

https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/ornamental-pest-guide/arthopods/plant-lace-seed-bugs/sycamore-plant-bug https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/ornamental-pest-guide/diseases/anthracnose https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/ornamental-pest-guide/arthopods/scales/sycamore-scale

Wed, 5/19 · 10:19 AM Taun Beddes 0:00 I wanted to put out a quick apology for missing an episode last week. I've been extremely busy. And part of last week I was under the weather. So thank you again for your patience and thank you for listening. TB Taun Beddes 0:11 Hello and welcome back to the homegrown horticulture podcast. On this week's episode: lawn weed control. TB Taun Beddes 0:19 The homegrown horticultural podcast is specifically for the Intermountain West areas like Denver, Reno, Salt Lake City and Boise, and all points in between. We have unique soils and a unique climate like nowhere else in the United States. TB Taun Beddes 0:35 Several years ago, I worked for a large retail nursery, and one of my responsibilities was helping landscape contractors. One particular landscaper used his home as a showpiece where he would show them everything he could do as a landscape contractor in an effort to land the bid to install their landscape. One thing that this contractor really prided himself on, was his great looking lawn. For a long time when you looked at it, it was totally green, perfectly manicured and there wasn't a weed in sight. After a few years, the lawn started to turn yellow and have other problems and nothing that the contractor did seem to fix the problem. I was sent by the nursery to take a look at the lawn and I found that it was being mowed about an inch and a half high water daily and fertilize six or seven times a year. I told the landscaper to water a couple of times a week deeply raises more blades up to two and a half to three inches and to cut his fertilizer applications in half. I don't know if he ever did or not. He wasn't very pleased with my answer. TB Taun Beddes 1:43 But my reason for telling this story is to introduce the topic of reasonable lawn expectations contract contrary to the belief of many, it's just fine to have a few weeds in your lawn and a few brown spots, especially with our drought situation in many parts of the West. So very briefly, some things you can do to maintain a healthy lawn is to mow at a height of three inches. I know the grass can be a little bit more Shaggy, but it allows the roots to grow more deeply and allows the grass to become more drought tolerant. Additionally fertilize on an as needed basis and not on a calendar. Most lawns in the Intermountain West will survive just fine being fertilized two to three times a year. That would be once in the spring once in late summer and once in late fall, trying to time that last application with a rain or snow storm between mid October and early November. As far as irrigation and an average loamy soil. You should be irrigating once to twice a week over your lawn so that water penetrates into the soil about six inches to a foot deep, heavier clay soil should be watered more often but with less water because the water doesn't penetrate as deeply into the clay. Likewise with sandy soils, you should water more often but with less water because they're so well drained. Water easily penetrates to a depth of six inches to a foot and so add water three to four times a week. Just like keeping our own bodies healthy. Maintaining your lawns correctly, will maintain the lawn health and reduce the number of weeds that actually can invade the lawn. There will always be a few but these will be easily pulled by hand or popped out with a screwdriver or something. And it's usually the overly maintained lawns or under maintained lawns that are more susceptible to weeds which is going to be today's topic. Keep in mind also that healthy lawns that are mowed high, shade out weeds and crowd weeds out because the lawn is so thick. TB Taun Beddes 3:48 The first weed I want to talk about are dandelions. They are native to Europe and Asia but have become established worldwide. there either by annual or short lived perennial and mainly bloom in the spring. Although they can sporadically bloom through...

0:03 Intro Hello and welcome back to the homegrown horticulture podcast. Today we're going to be talking all things roses. The homegrown horticulture podcast is specifically for the Intermountain West, an area often forgotten about by national gardening companies. If you just found us or have been listening for a long time, welcome, and thank you again. 0:27 Roses Intro In a former career, I worked at a garden center for nearly 15 years before being hired by Utah State University. While working at the nursery, one thing I always loved was when the roses came out for retail sale, we would have 1000s of roses and dozens of varieties and it was fun to just talk to people about them and ask them what they had grown. One thing that I noticed was that the customers were often confused by the sheer number and types of roses. And it was often confusing trying to figure out what to buy. I attempted to explain to the customers that roses can be classified on how tall they grow, and also how they flower. 1:07 Roses by how tall they grow And so as far as how tall they grow, I'm going to start with the shortest, which would be miniature roses, which I'm not really going to focus on. They don't seem to do very well outdoors in the Intermountain West. The next tallest would be ground cover roses, but they're not super common either. They survive just fine. They flower a lot of the summer, but I think it's just the nature of them being thorny, and trying to have to clean them out or if you lose a ball or something in them that sometimes prevents them from being more popular. Going in ascending order. The next biggest are the bush roses. These can grow just a few feet high and wide to certain species that can grow up to 10 to 15 feet high and wide just depending on the genetics. The final classification of roses includes the climbers, but these aren't really climbing plans in the true sense of the word. They more just grow really long and need to be supported with a trellising system. The next concept I want to talk about are flowering characteristics. 2:11 Classification of rose flowers So the first classification are the floribunda roses. These have been bred to be very profuse where one bush can have hundreds of blossoms on it at any given time. Floribunda roses that only grow to three to four feet high and wide are very useful as hedge roses because you can just give them a light haircut and that will cause a new flush of blossoms to come out. They generally bloom from late spring until after the first hard frost in the fall. Most knockout roses, which is a wildly popular series of hedge and bush roses would be considered floribunda roses. A few other popular floribunda types include Betty Boop, Monkey Business, Sexy Rexy, Hot Cocoa and Lagerfeld. The next popular classification is called grandiflora rose. Plants classified as grandiflora will have larger showier your flowers but will have fewer flowers than the floribunda and these flowers are usually in clusters of three to five flowers. A couple of very popular grandiflora type flowers include Queen Elizabeth and fame. The final flower type I want to mention include the hybrid tea roses. When the flowers appear on a rosebush, they appear on a long stem with a single flower. These are the kinds of roses that you find at the grocery store and at florists that you give to others. They're by far the most popular type of roses that we purchase at local garden centers to plant in our yards. Some of my favorite hybrid tea roses include double delight, Mr. Lincoln, Peace, Rio Samba, and Chrysler Imperial. There are so many others out there that will do quite well though. And don't just limit yourself to these that I've mentioned. 3:58 Climbing Roses I wanted to briefly talk about climbing roses because the flowers can be several different styles, but I wanted to mention a few varieties that I am familiar with. And these include American Beauty, Cecil...

0:03  Hello everyone and welcome back to the homegrown horticulture podcast. Today I'm going to be answering questions I've received through social media and over the phone about yards and gardens. 0:16  The homegrown horticulture podcast is specifically for the Intermountain West, an area with a very unique climate and very unique soils that's oftentimes forgotten about by national horticulture companies. Because of this, there's a need for local information, and the homegrown horticulture podcast is a source for you to gain that information. 0:38  Our first question is When can I plant warm season crops. These would include things like cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, green beans, corn, eggplants, muskmelons, and watermelon. The first thing I would recommend because this is a regional podcast and average frost dates can vary wildly just within a few miles is to contact a local experienced gardener or farmer. They'll know right when it's time to get those warm season crops in for your specific area. Some other things to monitor are when your average last and first frost dates are, because all of the warm season crops should be planted after the average last frost. For the Wasatch Front in Utah, this is generally early to mid-May. But for our mountain valleys. This is usually two to three weeks later, oftentimes in late May or early June. Along these lines I had somebody ask about a week ago, if they could just go ahead and put all of their flowers and crops in because they checked the weather and we were going to be above freezing daily. And my response to them as sure yeah, you can plan but the temperatures are still too cold for those to actually thrive. And many crops such as tomatoes can actually be damaged if they're regularly exposed to temperatures below about 45 to 50 degrees. So if you're going to plant warm season crops when it's too cool, even if they don't freeze, they generally will just sit there, oftentimes they can get nutrient deficiencies, because the cool weather makes it harder for them to uptake nutrients. If you're going to put them out early, you'll need to use season extending methods that warm the soil up and warm the air temperature up so that they can actually thrive. You need to remember that many of these flowers and crops are native to Mediterranean climate areas, and oftentimes tropical areas where they're never exposed to temperatures near freezing. And so we need to mimic those conditions for those plants to actually thrive in our yards and gardens. 3:30 Our next question is, last spring, we bought some grassy to ove rseed her lawn to thicken the grass up? We never did it. Can we go ahead and put that same seed down. Now, the answer to this is yes, you can go ahead and put that seed down. It will hold for a couple of years and still germinate quite well. I think the more important thing though, is going to be preparing your turf grass so that you can get good germination from that seed you're putting over the top. To do this, you're going to want to ask yourself, why is my lawn struggling? You know, if you're just moving in and it was neglected for a year or two, that's understandable. But if you've lived there and been doing your best to take care of the lawn, and that lawn is still thinning out, then what's going on people oftentimes are sprinkling system is the culprit because it doesn't water very efficiently to where some areas get excessive water and other areas don't get enough. So checking the sprinkling system to make sure that it's irrigating evenly improperly is going to be imperative. After checking this sprinkling system, the next thing I would look at is the soil itself. Oftentimes if the grass has done well on the soil and all the sudden started to fade, it's not going to be a soil problem. But if it never really thrive, then you definitely want to do some soil testing. In this case, the store-bought soil

00:04 Introduction Hello and welcome back to the Homegrown Horticulture podcast. On today's show we talk about five great plants very adapted to the Intermountain West. The Homegrown Horticulture podcast is for those living in the Intermountain West. These areas have rapidly-growing populations, but they're often times forgotten about by national gardening companies because of our unique climate and traditionally low populations. 00:37 Survey & Prize-Entry Before getting started, I want to mention that I'm including a brief Google Docs survey in the show notes. I would greatly appreciate it if you would follow the hyperlink because it will tell me how I'm doing, and how we can improve the show. I attempt to keep this show quite succinct without a lot of banter. My time's valuable. It takes probably four to six hours to put together a 15-minute episode, and so it's just not worth my time to have a lot of extra junk in this podcast. But if you would go ahead and fill out that survey I would so much appreciate it. Thank you again. 01:15 Hummingbird Mint I have three perennials on my list, and the first one is called Hummingbird Mint. It is also referred to as Anise hyssop or Agastache. Agastache is actually the Latin name. Anise hyssops came onto the market 15 or 20 years ago in force. There are many species native to the United States, especially the western United States. A few of them grow in quite moist areas in partial-shade, but there are a number of them native to the American Southwest that do wonderfully in full sun that are actually quite drought-hardy. Hummingbird mints bloom generally from late June or July until frost, and they have a wonderful licoricey-minty smell to them. Not only that, but they are very beneficial for pollinators and beneficial insects, and so planting them in your yard will draw them in. Another thing with them is that hummingbirds sometimes will visit them hence the name. Most cultivated Hummingbird mints grow to anywhere from 18 inches to two feet high and wide. Many of them have a dusty gray-green appearance to them, though not all of them. Especially if you live in a colder mountain valley you need to check their cold hardiness. Many of the species and cultivars are only hardy to USDA zone six. However, several of them are zone five and actually several of them will be into zone four, you just need to be sure and check. Flower color on the Anise hyssops will usually be yellow, orange, pink, or red, or combinations of these are quite beautiful. The other consideration is they love full-blast sun, so they do really well on the south or west sides of homes or anywhere else that they get at least eight hours of sun a day. Now one drawback, if you can call it a drawback, to Anise hyssop is that they really don't like wet feet. And so as you get them established, you need to let the ground dry out between irrigations. In a sandy soil you can get away with watering them probably three times a week, and in a clay soil or a clay-textured soil maybe once or twice. When they're well established, they will survive just fine if you irrigate them every couple of weeks, maybe even every three to four weeks in a heavier soil. I know that along the Wasatch Front that many of the areas that homes are now being built are on marginal soils that are oftentimes slightly salty. Hummingbird mints are actually somewhat salty-soil tolerant and so these areas are someplace that Hummingbird mint might be an option. There are many cultivars of Hummingbird mint available. They include: Sunset, Coronado, Coronado Red, Sonoran Sunset, Poquito Orange, Crazy Fortune, and Apache Sunset. Crazy Fortune and Apache Sunset or actually hardy to zone four. 04:15 Catmint The next perennial I want to talk about is called Catmint. A lot of times it's referred to as Nuh-peeta or Neh-pi-ta. There's a few different pronunciations. I don't speak Latin, so take your best shot. Catmints are extremely...

https://forestry.usu.edu/trees-cities-towns/tree-care/preventing-iron-chlorosis

USU Home Orchard Pest Management Guide https://extension.usu.edu/pests/uppdl/files/factsheet/home-orchard-pest-mgmt-guide.pdf

00:00 Intro 00:53 Why do some lawns green up before others 02:20 Should I apply lawn pre-emergent 06:00 How to control existing lawn weeds 09:25 Should I aerate my lawn 11:48 Reseeding my lawn 13:59 When and how often to fertilize Lawn Fertilizers:https://extension.usu.edu/yardandgarden/research/lawn-fertilizers-for-cool-season-turf Preparing soil for new grass seed: https://extension.usu.edu/yardandgarden/research/preparing-soil-for-turfgrass-establishment-northern-utah USU Extension Lawn Care Calendar: https://extension.usu.edu/yardandgarden/research/northern-utah-turfgrass-management-calendar Hello and welcome back to the Homegrown Horticulture podcast. My name is Taun Beddes, a horticulturist with Utah State University Extension based in Orem, Utah. On today's episode we're going to be talking about all things Lawns. I've been getting a lot of questions on (things such as) when should I fertilize, should I use pre-emergent, and because of the sheer number of lawn questions, that's this week's topic. The Homegrown Horticulture podcast offers detailed gardening information for the Intermountain West, an area of the United States oftentimes neglected or forgotten about by national Horticultural companies. Where recommendations about our climate and our soils made by national gardening companies just aren't valid. And so we need a podcast source of information detailing how to garden in the Intermountain West. Our first question comes from a gentleman named Chad. He asks why do some green up before others? The reason some Lawns green up before others is because of when they were fertilized. Utah State University recommends fertilizing in late fall. For the Wasatch Front (and other areas with a similar climate) that would be late October into early November. A lot of nitrogen from fertilizer is stored in the roots of the grass before it goes dormant for the winter, and lawns can utilize this nitrogen in early spring. And so you will often see a lawn that was fertilized in late fall green up two to three weeks earlier than a lawn that was not.  Some other factors also play into this. Some species of Turfgrass will green up before others. If you have a Kentucky Bluegrass lawn, these will generally green up a week or so later than if you have a turf type tall Fescue lawn or a perennial ryegrass lawn. These two kinds of lawns are far less common but, you sometimes do see them. Another thing that will cause at least some areas of the lawn to green up before others is the amount of heat that the lawn is exposed to. In the spring, you will often see your lawn greening up long sidewalks, along the driveway, and on the south side of your home before other areas. This is totally normal, and within a few weeks, the lawn should be evenly green. Alright, the next question is from Jill. she asks, “When should I apply pre-emergent to my lawn.” Before I answer this question, I should offer some explanation, Pre-emergent is a general term for a type of herbicide that will control newly germinating seeds. It doesn't do anything against seeds until they start to germinate. It also cannot discriminate between weed seeds and desirable seeds, and so you really do need to be careful with how you apply pre-emergent in your yard and garden.  And so my first question is why are you using pre-emergent? It's not a bad thing, and they can be a powerful tool at getting the lawn into shape. But the ultimate goal should be not to use pre-emergent (for an extended number of years), and you should use proper management techniques as far as your lawn goes, to make sure that the lawn stays healthy. A healthy and properly maintained lawn does not allow a lot of weeds to invade or germinate. So when you're applying a pre-emergent, you actually need to know what weed you're going after.  On the Wasatch Front the major three weeds that folks use pre-emergent for include spurge, black medic, and crabgrass. It is...

Link to Survey https://forms.gle/J75bZQoWJA9TH53F9 (https://forms.gle/J75bZQoWJA9TH53F9) Hyperlinks Brunnera: https://hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/brunnera-macrophylla-jack-frost/ (https://hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/brunnera-macrophylla-jack-frost/) Corydalis: https://hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/yellow-corydalis-corydalis-lutea/ (https://hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/yellow-corydalis-corydalis-lutea/) Anemone: https://hgic.clemson.edu/fall-flowering-japanese-anemone/ (https://hgic.clemson.edu/fall-flowering-japanese-anemone/) Leopard's Bane: https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/doronicum/ (https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/doronicum/) Hashtags #utahgardener #garden #gardening #perennials #shadedareas #plants #shadelovingperennials #shade #corydalis #brunnera #leopardsbane #CoralBells #hosta #perennialgeraniums #Larkspur #monkshood #springanemones #Columbine #forgetmenots #homegrownhorticulture #horticulture #gardeningpodcast #flowers #flowerbed #spring #springplanting #blooming #easytogrow #shadetolerant #easyperennials Transcript And welcome back to the Homegrown Horticulture podcast my name is Taun Beddes, I am a horticulturist with Utah State University Extension. Before starting with extension, I spent 15 years in the nursery industry. I spent much of this time selling plants to the general public and one of the more common questions I got was, “we have shaded areas around our yard and nothing thrives. What can we plant that will actually do well in the shade?” And so that's what we're going to talk about today. Additionally, before I get into the main topic, I'm going to include a brief survey. The survey helps me know how to provide the best podcast I can. It asks basic questions on how we're doing and how we can improve. If you would be so kind to fill out the survey I would greatly appreciate it.  I was thinking about the topic for this week's podcast, and then the shade perennial theme came up, I took a few minutes just to list some shade tolerant perennials that I could think of just off the top of my head. The ones that came up with were Corydalis, fall blooming anemone, brunnera, leopard's Bane, Coral Bells, hosta, perennial geraniums, Larkspur, monkshood, spring anemones, Columbine and forget-me-nots. There are many more, but these are ones that are very commonly available at local garden centers.  Of these, I'm going to talk about three or four of them that I just especially like. The first of these is a very pretty and called corydalis. Sometimes is referred to as fumitory. It's spelled c-o-r-y-d-a-l-i-s. Corydalis has never been terribly popular, but it's relatively reliable and especially in the spring through early summer, it is quite pretty. The species you usually find is corydalis lutea. I believe in Latin means yellow and so this is a yellow flowering corydalis. It can be a little difficult to find sometimes at local garden centers, but you can find it, or order it online. Corydalis loves cool weather. It thrives April through June and then oftentimes especially in hotter areas, it goes dormant (for the summer) and will partially come back in the fall. It is somewhat shorter lived. You can expect three to five years (out of it), but it's also self-sowing. And so, as it gets established you may not even notice that the original plant died, because those seeds will come back. It isn't terribly aggressive, and as you see the seedlings come up in the spring, you can just gently dig them and move them or rogue them out if you don't need them.  There are many kinds of corydalis available. Even though I am very partial to the yellow species, there are many hybrids and other species that are oftentimes blue in color. They're actually quite pretty. My next shade tolerant perennial is called Brunnera. Brunnera goes by a number of other names such as heartleaf alkanet, Siberian bugloss and also false forget-me-not is another one. It grows to 18 in high...

Growing Raspberries in The Home Garden 00:04 Intro 00:24 Today we'll be talking about raspberries 00:44 What should be my first consideration for growing raspberries? 01:10 How much sunlight do raspberries need? 01:34 Weed control 04:01 Soil Testing 05:45 Preparing soil for planting 07:31 Planting and establishing your raspberries 08:38 Where you get your raspberry plants 09:53 What variety should I grow? 11:55 How to prune summer-bearing raspberries 13:04 Ever-bearing raspberries 13:55 Pruning ever-bearing or "fall-bearing" raspberries 14:18 "Double-cropping" ever-bearing raspberries 14:41 Using a trellis system 14:57 What's wrong with my raspberries? 19:55 See links in show notes for more information on raspberries 20:07 Outro Music composed by Savannah Peterson and used by permission. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1700&context=extension_curall Comparison of 16 Raspberry Cultivars https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1692&context=extension_curall A Comparison of 10 Fall Bearing Raspberry Cultivars https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1670&context=extension_curall Ras[berry Pests and Diseases https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-list-raspberry

00:10 Intro 00:45 Dewberries 01:26 Strawberry patch is underperforming 03:46 What to plant and what to do in the yard in late winter Veggie planting dates for the Wasatch Front https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1719&context=extension_curall Show Transcript: Hello everyone my name is Taun Beddes, and this is the Homegrown Horticulture podcast. Today I thought we would take some questions from folks about horticulture and gardening from social media. This podcast is intended for those that live in the Intermountain West an area that's often neglected and forgotten about by the national green industry and plant breeders due to our unique climate and lower population than much of the rest of the country. So, let's go ahead and get to our first question from Kathy. She asks, my mother fed us what she called dewberries but they had a firm core inside. Do you know what variety they may have been? Well, dewberries are related to blackberries but they're generally smaller but less seedy, and they also have a more tart flavor to them, and so you can buy dewberries online. I do not know what particular species I don't know what your grandmother had, but they're definitely out there (for purchase) and the flavor is very similar to blackberries but just more tart. The next question is from Brad and Deborah. They write, could you address revamping a strawberry patch. My particular strawberries are June bearer, but over the last several years they are very small. Should I replace half the patch this year and half next year in order to keep having berries? When's the best time to plant strawberries? As to why your strawberries are declining in productivity: strawberries have different pests and diseases and especially the diseases build over the years. And so, strawberries are at their most productive when they are between about 3 and 6 or 3 and 7 years old, and then after that they can just gradually decline (as far as fruit production). Because there's a buildup of diseases, especially viruses, that often times are not visible in the leaves. The result is declining production. I would recommend actually starting a brand-new strawberry patch with brand new strawberries that are verified virus free. When you purchase strawberries online or from local garden centers there should be a sign or a tag with the berries (plants) saying that they are certified virus indexed or virus free. The strawberry producer actually hires a lab to test their strawberries to make sure that they're disease-free when you purchase them. The reason you want to put them into a brand-new patch is because there's a buildup in the soil of diseases. If you put new plants right back there again there they will be overwhelmed much more quickly than if you would put them in new soil: somewhere else s a where you've not been growing strawberries. I would recommend turning (the former patch) into a flower bed or a vegetable patch so that it remains productive and pretty. Additionally, strawberries are usually available in late winter to early spring or as established plants through May through early June. The bare-root strawberries are fine and easy to plant and they usually establish well, but if you would prefer, you can wait for strawberries established in flats and these usually do all right. Thank you again for that question. The final question of the week is from Teresa. She asks, I'm new to Utah, and I wonder what we can be planting now besides pansies. Also, what yard and garden prep should we be doing. I think that's a relevant question, and there's been lots of people out wanting to get their gardens going. So it is now March 8th when I'm recording this particular question, and we're still maybe a week or so early before you really want to start putting out cool-season vegetable crops. And now for the garden planting dates as far as vegetables, I want to put out there that the planting times I'm giving is for an...

00:09 Intro 00:31 Today we are going to be talking about blackberries! 08:09 Outro Music composed by Savannah Petersen and used by permission. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2859&context=extension_curall (https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2859&context=extension_curall) https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2657&context=extension_curall (https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2657&context=extension_curall)

00:03 Intro 00:39 A history of plums, varieties and differences, diseases, and more! 05:48 Outro Music composed by Savannah Petersen and used by permission. Coryneum Blight (Shothole) https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-coryneum-blight Greater Peachtree Borer https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-gptb San Jose Scale https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-sjs Aphids https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-aphids Plums in the Home Garden https://extension.usu.edu/dev/yardandgarden/research/plums-in-the-home-garden

00:05 Intro 00:31 What you need to know about growing apricots in the intermountain west 06:58 Outro Music composed by Savannah Petersen and used by permission. https://extension.usu.edu/dev/yardandgarden/research/apricots-in-the-home-garden https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-coryneum-blight https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-gptb

Growing peaches in the home orchard https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/extension_curall/1637/ Coryneum Blight https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-coryneum-blight Greater Peach Tree Borer https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-gptb Pruning Peaches https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Xzl-OaUKbE

https://extension.usu.edu/yardandgarden/fruits/treefruit (https://extension.usu.edu/yardandgarden/fruits/treefruit) https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1661&context=extension_curall (https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1661&context=extension_curall) https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-coryneum-blight (https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-coryneum-blight)

Apples https://extension.usu.edu/dev/yardandgarden/research/apple-production-and-variety-recommendations-for-the-utah-home-garden (https://extension.usu.edu/dev/yardandgarden/research/apple-production-and-variety-recommendations-for-the-utah-home-garden) Pears https://extension.usu.edu/yardandgarden/fruits/pears (https://extension.usu.edu/yardandgarden/fruits/pears) Codling Moth https://pestadvisories.usu.edu/2018/05/07/cm/ (https://pestadvisories.usu.edu/2018/05/07/cm/) Woolly Apple Aphid https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-woolly-apple-aphid (https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_ag/fruit-woolly-apple-aphid) San Jose Scale https://climate.usu.edu/includes/pestFactSheets/San-Jose-Scale.pdf (https://climate.usu.edu/includes/pestFactSheets/San-Jose-Scale.pdf) Fire Blight https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_orn/list-treeshrubs/fire-blight (https://extension.usu.edu/pests/ipm/notes_orn/list-treeshrubs/fire-blight) Music composed by Savannah Petersen and used by permission.

00:04 Intro 00:34 So you want to grow fruit trees 06:46 Outro Music composed by Savannah Petersen and used by permission.

Alex Grover talks about the benefits and cautions of using gardening catalogs as compared to buying local.

00:10 Garden Gifts

Intro 00:02 Potted Christmas Trees 00:32 Outro 05:46 USU's Factsheet on Christmas Tree care included potted trees. https://forestry.usu.edu/forest-products/christmas-tree-selection

00:10 Intro 00:30 Christmas tree Care 03:16 Holiday (Christmas Cactus) Holiday Cactus Care https://extension.umn.edu/houseplants/holiday-cacti Selecting and Caring For Christmas Trees https://forestry.usu.edu/forest-products/christmas-tree-selection

00:01 Intro 00:27 Managing Spiders Indoors 07:08 Outro Music Credit: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition.

00:10 Poinsettias and Keeping Them Healthy A Fact Sheet on Poinsettia Care https://extension.usu.edu/news_sections/gardening/poinsettia-care#:~:text=Protect%20the%20plants%20from%20freezing,to%20temperatures%20below%2050%20F.

00:10 Preventing Snow Mold https://extension.usu.edu/archive/beware-of-the-abominable-snow-mold Intro and Outro music: Savannah Petersen Follow us on FaceBook: https://www.facebook.com/Homegrown-Horticulture-107042497737121

00:10 Why not to fall prune and some exceptions

00:10 Intro 00:59 Diane Alston Talks Box Elder Bugs 06:20 Putting The Garden To Bed For Winter 10:31 Outro Winterizing The Garden https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O2T_i4vNKic USU Extension Factsheet on Box Elder Bugs http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1863&context=extension_curall Music Credit intro and outro: The Joy Drops. Not Drunk Mix Full Band No Vocal. Used under creative commons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) Transition music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast Follow us on Facebook @ extension.usu.edu/utah

00:09 Intro 00:38 Fall Leaves 04:10 What to do with pumpkin seeds 09:26 Two years of growing sweet potatoes and peanuts University of Illinois Extension Recipe for Roasting Pumpkin Seeds 1 quart water 2 Tablespoons salt 2 cups pumpkin seeds 1 Tablespoon vegetable oil or melted, unsalted butter Preheat oven to 250°F. Pick through seeds and remove any cut seeds. Remove as much of the stringy fibers as possible. Bring the water and salt to a boil. Add the seeds and boil for 10 minutes. Drain, spread on kitchen towel or paper towel and pat dry. Place the seeds in a bowl and toss with oil or melted butter. Spread evenly on a large cookie sheet or roasting pan. Place pan in a preheated oven and roast the seeds for 30 to 40 minutes. Stir about every 10 minutes, until crisp and golden brown. Cool the seeds, then shell and eat or pack in air-tight containers or zip closure bags and refrigerate until ready to eat. Yield 2 cups Music Credit intro and outro: The Joy Drops. Not Drunk Mix Full Band No Vocal. Used under creative commons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) Transition music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast Follow us on Facebook @ extension.usu.edu/utah

00:35 What to do with damaged trees. 10:40 Some things to do in the yard before it gets cold 18:35 Outro Music Credit intro and outro: The Joy Drops. Not Drunk Mix Full Band No Vocal. Used under creative commons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) Transition music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast Follow us on Facebook @ extension.usu.edu/utah

00:10 Intro 00:50 Ripening Tomatoes Off Of The Vine 05:54 What To Do With Leaves In The Fall 08:25 What To Do With Damaged Trees Music Credit intro and outro: The Joy Drops. Not Drunk Mix Full Band No Vocal. Used under creative commons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) Transition music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/ (https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/)

https://utahpests.usu.edu/schoolipm/structural-pest-id-guide/black-widow Follow us on Facebook at Extension.usu.edu/utah Intor and Outro music Composed by Savannah Peterson

Watering conifers in the fall greatly benefits them. This makes them more resistant to winter drought stress, excessive needle death and from insect pests.

In this episode JayDee Gunnel discusses great trees for fall color that are adapted to the Utah climate. Mike Caron also talks about planting trees to maximize survival and health. Music Credit intro and outro: The Joy Drops. Not Drunk Mix Full Band No Vocal. Used under creative commons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) Transition music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/ (https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/)

Intro and Outro Music Credit: Savannah Petersen.

00:10 Intro 00:51 JayDee Gunnell Discuses potential causes of a brown lawn and aspens 07:51 Michael Caron talks about why fall is a great time to plant trees Music Credit intro and outro: The Joy Drops. Not Drunk Mix Full Band No Vocal. Used under creative commons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) Transition music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/ (https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/)

Lawn fertilization explained https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2626&context=extension_curall Growing and harvetsing potatoes https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1246&context=extension_curall#:~:text=Tubers%20should%20be%20planted%20in,soils%20are%20at%20least%2050%C2%BAF. Powdery Mildew https://utahpests.usu.edu/ipm/notes_orn/list-flowers/powdery-mildew Music Credit intro and outro: The Joy Drops. Not Drunk Mix Full Band No Vocal. Used under creative commons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) Transition music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/ (https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/)

http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=265854 Music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/ (https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/)

USU Extension Information About Canning Safely https://extension.usu.edu/saltlake/home-family-food/food-safety-preservation USU Extension How To Tell If My Veggies Are Ripe and How To Store Them https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1721&context=extension_curall Music Credit intro and outro: The Joy Drops. Not Drunk Mix Full Band No Vocal. Used under creative commons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) Transition music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/ (https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/)

https://www.almanac.com/content/protecting-garden-frost-temperature-lows-vegetables#:~:text=When%20to%20Protect%20Your%20Plants,be%20widely%20destructive%20to%20vegetation.

Pacific Sunset MAple https://www.jfschmidt.com/articles/pacsun/ Norwegian Sunset Maple https://www.jfschmidt.com/introductions/norwegiansunset/index.html Crimson Sunset MAple https://www.jfschmidt.com/introductions/crimsonsunset/index.html

00:00 Intro 00:44 Five Great Perennials for Sunny Areas 09:24 How To Tell If Pears Are Ripe 12:24 Pear Pie USU Youtube Video on How To Tell If Pears Are Ripe https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Deq906nGX4 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Deq906nGX4) Pear Hand Pie Pear hand pies Dough: 2 ½ c flour 1 tbsp sugar 1 tsp salt 1 tsp cinnamon 1 cup unsalted butter 6-8 tbsp cold water Filling 4 cups cubed pears ½ c sugar 3 tbsp flour 1 tsp cinnamon ½ tsp ground cloves 1 tsp lemon zest 1 tbsp lemon juice Egg wash 1 egg 2 tbsp water Instructions Preheat oven to 400 degrees F and line a cookie sheet with parchment paper Peel and cube 4 pears and mix with the rest of the filling ingredients in a bowl. Set aside. In a separate bowl, combine flour, salt, sugar, and cinnamon. Cut in butter until the dough has a pebble consistency. Add in water a tablespoon at a time until a smooth dough forms. Roll out the dough about 1/8 in. thick and cut out 4-5 inch circles. Music Credit intro and outro: The Joy Drops. Not Drunk Mix Full Band No Vocal. Used under creative commons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) Transition music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/ (https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/)

Sensation Box Elder is a great tree for situations where others trees might fail due to adverse soil conditions. It is not my favorite, but a better option than alternatives. https://www.jfschmidt.com/articles/sensation_boxelder/#:~:text=Frank%20Schmidt%20%26%20Son%20Co.,%2D%20Sensation%20Box%20Elder&text=Sensation%20Box%20Elder%20(Acer%20negundo,the%20nursery%20industry%20this%20year. (https://www.jfschmidt.com/articles/sensation_boxelder/#:~:text=Frank%20Schmidt%20%26%20Son%20Co.,%2D%20Sensation%20Box%20Elder&text=Sensation%20Box%20Elder%20(Acer%20negundo,the%20nursery%20industry%20this%20year.)

00:38 Puncture Vine 07:01 How To Tell If Watermelon is Ripe 12:27 Hawthorns, Underused Trees 15:55 Tomato Bisque Soup More info on puncture vine: https://extension.usu.edu/archive/how-to-take-the-bite-out-of-puncturvine (https://extension.usu.edu/archive/how-to-take-the-bite-out-of-puncturvine) Tomato Bisque 6 medium to large tomatoes (about 28 oz.) 1 large yellow onion 4 cloves garlic (minced) 3 stalks celery 2 tbsp butter 1 tsp Italian seasoning ½ tsp dried thyme ½ tsp black pepper ¼ - ½ tsp salt 1 ½ tsp brown sugar ½ c parmesan cheese 1 c heavy cream 2 c chicken broth 1. In a medium sized pot, bring water to a boil (enough water for tomatoes to float in once in the pot.) Once the water is boiling, put in the whole tomatoes and boil until the skins crack then quickly place them in a bowl of ice water. The skins should peel off easily. Set peeled tomatoes aside. 2. Chop onion and celery and mince garlic. Put them into a pan to simmer with the butter, Italian seasoning, thyme, salt, and pepper until the onion and celery soften. 3. Add in brown sugar, heavy cream, and parmesan cheese and stir until cheese has melted. 4. Put entire mixture into a blender and blend until smooth, 5. Transfer back to pot and add in chicken broth. Stir until evenly combined. Music Credit intro and outro: The Joy Drops. Not Drunk Mix Full Band No Vocal. Used under creative commons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) Transition music: Savannah Peterson, unnamed composition. Used by permission. Follow us on Instagram @homegrownhorticulturepodcast https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/ (https://www.instagram.com/homegrownhorticulturepodcast/)