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fWotD Episode 2836: Lise Meitner Welcome to Featured Wiki of the Day, your daily dose of knowledge from Wikipedia’s finest articles.The featured article for Saturday, 8 February 2025 is Lise Meitner.Elise Meitner (7 November 1878 – 27 October 1968), commonly known as Lise Meitner ( LEE-zə MYTE-nər; German: [ˈliːzə ˈmaɪtnɐ] ), was an Austrian-Swedish nuclear physicist who was instrumental in the discovery of nuclear fission.Completing her doctoral research in 1906, Meitner became the second woman from the University of Vienna to earn a doctorate in physics. She spent much of her scientific career in Berlin, where she was a physics professor and a department head at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry. She was the first woman to become a full professor of physics in Germany. She lost her positions in 1935 because of the anti-Jewish Nuremberg Laws of Nazi Germany, and the 1938 Anschluss resulted in the loss of her Austrian citizenship. On 13–14 July 1938, she fled to the Netherlands with the help of Dirk Coster. She lived in Stockholm for many years, ultimately becoming a Swedish citizen in 1949, but relocated to Britain in the 1950s to be with family members.In mid-1938, chemists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry demonstrated that isotopes of barium could be formed by neutron bombardment of uranium. Meitner was informed of their findings by Hahn, and in late December, with her nephew, fellow physicist Otto Robert Frisch, she worked out the physics of this process by correctly interpreting Hahn and Strassmann's experimental data. On 13 January 1939, Frisch replicated the process Hahn and Strassmann had observed. In Meitner and Frisch's report in the February 1939 issue of Nature, they gave the process the name "fission". The discovery of nuclear fission led to the development of nuclear reactors and atomic bombs during World War II.Meitner did not share the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for nuclear fission, which was awarded to her long-time collaborator Otto Hahn. Several scientists and journalists have called her exclusion "unjust". According to the Nobel Prize archive, she was nominated 19 times for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry between 1924 and 1948, and 30 times for the Nobel Prize in Physics between 1937 and 1967. Despite not having been awarded the Nobel Prize, Meitner was invited to attend the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting in 1962. She received many other honours, including the posthumous naming of element 109 meitnerium in 1997. Meitner was praised by Albert Einstein as the "German Marie Curie."This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:33 UTC on Saturday, 8 February 2025.For the full current version of the article, see Lise Meitner on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm neural Stephen.
Welcome to the 75th episode of the Decode Quantum podcast. In our series of episodes recorded in Lindau where dozens of physics Nobel laureates met with young scientists, we had a chance to meet Bill Phillips, who is one of them, after the first episode with David Wineland.This podcast was recorded on July 1st, 2024, in Lindau, Germany during the 73rd Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting 2024.Bill Phillips is American physicist from the same generation as Alain Aspect. He got his PhD in physics at the MIT working on nuclear magnetic resonance on the magnetic moment of the proton in H2O. He later did some work with Bose–Einstein condensates and then worked at NIST. There, he developed (actually, used) a technique to trap cold atoms in vacuum using lasers, called the Magneto-Optical Trap (MOT), in connection with an idea from Jean Dalibard, who was our previous guest. Bill is also a professor of physics at the University of Maryland. He was a laureate from the Nobel prize in physics in 1997 along with Steven Chu and Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, at the relatively early age of 49, by today's standards. It was for his work on the Zeeman slower and other techniques related to the cooling and trapping of atoms. He was also participating in the panel on the future of quantum computing with Olivier Ezratty at the Lindau conference. By the way, his mother was Italian, and he happens to speak French.The transcript from the podcast published on Olivier Ezratty's website has been edited by Bill Phillips and Olivier Ezratty. It is slightly different from the podcast audio recording to clarify the discussion content.https://www.oezratty.net/wordpress/2024/decode-quantum-with-bill-phillips
Welcome to the 75th episode of the Decode Quantum podcast. In our series of three episodes recorded in Lindau where dozens of physics Nobel laureates were gathered with young scientists, we had a chance to meet David Wineland. This podcast was recorded on July 1st, 2024, in Lindau, Germany during the 73rd Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting.David Wineland is an American physicist currently at the University of Oregon who is specialized in atomic physics, and in particular, uses laser-cooled trapped ions to implement the elements of quantum-computing. He became a laureate of the Nobel prize in physics in 2012 along with Serge Haroche of Ecole Normale Supérieure and Collège de France, Paris. He received his PhD in physics from Harvard University in 1970 on a topic we'll see later in our discussion. He was then a post-doc at the University of Washington where he worked on electrons in ion traps. In 1975, he joined the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) where he created a group working on ion storage and was also an academic at the University of Colorado, Boulder. He and his colleagues were among the first {laser cooling was demonstrated at the same time by the group of Peter Toschek in Heidelberg} to laser-cool ions in 1978 and then demonstrated other optical techniques to control ions and implement the first two-qubit logic gate in 1995. He and colleagues also worked on the creation of the most precise atomic clock using quantum logic on a single aluminum ion in 2019. The 2005 experiment was the first demonstration of quantum-logic spectroscopy. The most precise quantum logic clock using an Al+ (aluminum) ion was demonstrated in 2019. This work later contributed to the creation of trapped ion quantum computers from the companies IonQ and Quantinuum. The transcript from the podcast published on Olivier Ezratty's website has been edited by David Wineland and Olivier Ezratty. It is slightly different from the podcast audio recording to clarify the discussion content.https://www.oezratty.net/wordpress/2024/decode-quantum-with-david-wineland
rWotD Episode 2483: Gerhard Ertl Welcome to random Wiki of the Day where we read the summary of a random Wikipedia page every day.The random article for Tuesday, 20 February 2024 is Gerhard Ertl.Gerhard Ertl (German pronunciation: [ˈɡeːɐ̯haʁt ˈɛʁtl̩] ; born 10 October 1936) is a German physicist and a Professor emeritus at the Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft in Berlin, Germany. Ertl's research laid the foundation of modern surface chemistry, which has helped explain how fuel cells produce energy without pollution, how catalytic converters clean up car exhausts and even why iron rusts, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said.His work has paved the way for development of cleaner energy sources and will guide the development of fuel cells, said Astrid Graslund, secretary of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry.He was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces. The Nobel academy said Ertl provided a detailed description of how chemical reactions take place on surfaces. His findings applied in both academic studies and industrial development, the academy said. “Surface chemistry can even explain the destruction of the ozone layer, as vital steps in the reaction actually take place on the surfaces of small crystals of ice in the stratosphere,” the award citation reads.In 2015, Ertl signed the Mainau Declaration 2015 on Climate Change on the final day of the 65th Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting. The declaration was signed by a total of 76 Nobel Laureates and handed to then-President of the French Republic, François Hollande, as part of the COP21 climate summit in Paris.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:48 UTC on Tuesday, 20 February 2024.For the full current version of the article, see Gerhard Ertl on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm Danielle Neural.
Tieteen päivät 2023- tapahtumaa vietetään 26.08.2023 Kuopiossa. Itä-Suomen yliopisto järjestää tapahtuman Elonkorjuujuhlien yhteydessä Kuopion museon tiloissa sekä myös Kuopion torilla. Yksi käsiteltävä aihe tapahtumassa on aivoterveys, josta saimme kuulla taajuudella tarkemmin, kun Savon Aaltojen lauantaivieraaksi saapui tutkimusjohtaja Eino Solje. Solje on opiskellut lääketieteen lisensiaatiksi ja tohtoriksi Itä-Suomen yliopiston lääketieteen laitoksella. Soljen väitöskirja on julkaistu vuonna 2016, ja se käsittelee C9orf72-toistojaksomutaatioon liittyvää otsalohkodementiaa diagnostiikan ja hoidon näkökulmista. Aikaisemmin Solje on työskennellyt muun muassa Brescian yliopistossa Italiassa. Lisäksi hän on työskennellyt tutkimusjohtajana Itä-Suomen yliopistossa ja neurologina Kuopion yliopistollisessa sairaalassa. Solje on otsalohkodementian arvostettu tutkija ja luennoitsija. Vuonna 2021 Solje palkittiin vuoden nuorena kliinisenä tutkijana. Vuonna 2020 Solje kutsuttiin Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting -kokoukseen. Lisäksi hänet on palkittu vuonna 2022 Martti Hämäläinen -palkinnolla. Haastattelijana: Sami Turunen
Ruth und (vor allem) Florian ärgern sich zuerst ein wenig über die Darstellung des “Supermondes” in den Medien und diskutieren über Wissenschaftsjournalismus und Astro-Click-Bait in den Medien. Danach erklärt Ruth noch einmal ausführlich, was man tun muss, wenn man mit der ESA ins Weltall fliegen will. In der Astro-Geschichte geht es dann um die älteste Spiralgalaxie. Oder die jüngste Spiralgalaxie. Und um die Frage, warum es so verwirrend ist, wenn man das Alter einer Galaxie angeben will. Spoiler: Das liegt daran, dass man in der Astronomie immer rückwärts in der Zeit schaut. Spannend ist die Sache aber auf jeden Fall. Danach gibt es Antworten auf eure Fragen und zwar diesmal zu: Expansion des Weltalls, der Leere des Kosmos und der Bewegung von Sternen. Außerdem berichtet Evi in “Neues von der Sternwarte” von den Problemen die es zu lösen gilt, wenn man ein Studium neben dem Beruf absolvieren will.
In this podcast you will learn - Mental models for building a career at the intersection of academia with entrepreneurship Lessons on grit and perseverance while working on a PhD. The importance of mentors in professional progression and the role of giving-back Experience of pursing a multidisciplinary PhD. and finding the ‘right’ supervisor. Xiangkun (Elvis) Cao (https://www.elviscao.com/) is an honoree by three 30 under 30 lists including Forbes’ 30 under 30 in Energy. His Ph.D. thesis at Cornell University centers around developing scalable photoreactors for solar fuel production, which is featured in the World Economic Forum's white paper as an energy innovation breakthrough of the past decade (2020). He was selected as a Young Scientist Attendee for the 70th Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting in Lindau, Germany (2020), was chosen as a Young Investigator Attendee for the 3rd World Laureates Forum in Shanghai, China (2020).
Doctor Chern Ein Oon has served as an Associate Professor at Universiti Sains Malaysia since 2013.Skilled in cancer research, drug discovery and molecular oncology, Chern has been the recipient of numerous accolades during her career for her work on novel molecular therapeutics in cancer; they include the Exiqon Young Scientist Award, as well as being selected to participate in the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting in Germany where she received the L’Oreal-Unesci For Women in Science National Fellowship research grant for her work in the field of cancer research.Chern earned her PhD in oncology at the University of Oxford and completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden.She was the recipient of the Women of the Future Award South East Asia in the Science, Technology and Digital category in 2018.Kim and Chern spoke about her refreshing approach to her prestigious career and the numerous challenges she’s faced in the juggle of being both a mum and career woman whilst trying to excel in her chosen field, particularly during a pandemic. -------For more information on the Women of the Future Programme and initiatives, please visit: www.womenofthefuture.co.uk
The 365 Days of Astronomy, the daily podcast of the International Year of Astronomy 2009
Hosted by Dr. Jacinta Delhaize & Dr. Daniel Cunnama. This week we continue on our travels! Dan visits the Vatican Observatory in Rome, where he attends a conference. He speaks with the director, Brother Guy Consolmagno, about why the Vatican has an observatory, and how they reconcile faith and the Big Bang! We also chat with PhD Student Julia Healy ( @healytwin1 ) about some of her excellent work on neutral hydrogen in galaxy clusters. Julia also attended the 2019 Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting and talks about what went down after hours! We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs. Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too! Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://astrogear.spreadshirt.com/ for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations. Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by Astrosphere New Media. http://www.astrosphere.org/ Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.
The 365 Days of Astronomy, the daily podcast of the International Year of Astronomy 2009
Hosted by Dr. Jacinta Delhaize & Dr. Daniel Cunnama. This week we recap what we have been up to during the season break, including an exciting trip to the Kruger National Park in South Africa! We were in Kruger for a workshop to discuss how best to combine simulations and observations in astronomy. We caught up with the organiser Prof. Romeel Dave from the Royal Observatory Edinburgh and Episode 8. As well as Nicole Thomas from the University of the Western Cape and Episode 9. We got to see how they are doing and what the workshop aimed to achieve. Nicole also discusses her exciting trip to the 2019 Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting! We’re also joined by Prof. Lerothodi Leeuw from the University of South Africa. Lerothodi talks with us about the challenging interface between theory and observations. We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs. Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too! Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://astrogear.spreadshirt.com/ for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations. Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by Astrosphere New Media. http://www.astrosphere.org/ Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.
Trailer: At this summer's Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting, reporter Lorna Stewart asks some big questions in biomedical science. In a series of four films, she asks laureates and young researchers about the implications of a globally ageing population, ponders the possibility of drugs without side effects, considers the scientific achievements of 40 years of cancer research, and grapples with the most recent developments in the battle against HIV. Get a taste in this trailer.
Nobel laureate Avram Hershko, who determined cellular mechanisms for breaking down proteins, talks about his research in a conversation recorded at the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting in Lindau, Germany. And Scientific American Editor in Chief Mariette DiChristina discusses the recent inaugural Google Science Fair
Peter Agre, 2003 Chemistry Nobel laureate for his work on aquaporins, the proteins that allow water into and out of cells, talks about his research, his upbringing and why he almost ran for the Senate, in a conversation recorded at the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting in Lindau, Germany