Podcasts about Nobel Committee

We welcome back KJ Noh for two discussions. First, we talk about Han Kang who won the Nobel Prize for Literature, and why this reflects the Nobel Committee's only chance to comment on the genocide in Gaza. Then we turn to the chaos that is going on in South Korea with the President calling for Marshall Law, the legislature rejecting that, and the hundreds of thousands of protestors taking to the streets. There is more here than our press and our government would like to admit. We finish with the song the protestors sing during the protests.

Piezo touch and pressure-sensing ion channels are showing up everywhere as the explanation for physiologic phenomena, both at the macro and micro levels. Ardem Patapoutian, my friend and colleague at Scripps Research, discovered these receptors back in 2010 and was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2021 for his work. As you'll see/hear from our conversation, the field has exploded. And you'll get to know Ardem, who is such a fun, charismatic, and down-to-earth person. He also recently got a unique tattoo (videos below) and I wonder (unlikely) if any other Nobel laureates have one related to their discovery?!Below is a video clip from our conversation. Full videos of all Ground Truths podcasts can be seen on YouTube here. The current one is here. If you like the YouTube format, please subscribe! The audios are also available on Apple and Spotify.Transcript with links to audioEric Topol (00:07):Well, hello. It's Eric Topol with Ground Truths, and I've really got a special guest today. The first time for the podcast, I've been able to interview a colleague and faculty at Scripps Research, Ardem Patapoutian, who just by the way happens to be the 2021 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine. So welcome, Ardem. It's so wonderful to have you.Ardem Patapoutian (00:30):Thanks so much, Eric. Looking forward to chatting with you.Eric Topol (00:34):Well, this has been interesting because although I've known you for several years, I didn't research you. I mean, I had to learn about more than I even do. And of course, one of the great sources of that is on the Nobel Prize website where you tell your whole story. It is quite a story and not to review all of it, but I wanted to go back just before you made the call to move to Los Angeles from Beirut, Lebanon and with the scare that you went through at that time, it seemed like that was just extraordinary that you had to live through that.Ardem Patapoutian (01:11):Yeah, so I am of Armenian origin, but I was born in Lebanon and born in 1967, so I was eight years old when the civil war started. So it's a kind of bizarre childhood in the sense that with all the bombs and fighting in Lebanon. So it was tough childhood to have, but it was never personal. It was bombs and such. And so, the event you're talking about is, I happened to be kidnapped while crossing East to West Beirut. They only held me for four or five hours at first asking me questions to see who I am, but I think they pretty soon figured out that I was not a dangerous guy and they ended up letting me go. But before that, that incident really had a huge impact on me so that by the time I got home, I literally said, I'm out of here. I'm going to find a way to leave the country. And so, that's what, very quickly within a few months I packed and came to United States.Eric Topol (02:19):And how did you pick LA to be your destination?Ardem Patapoutian (02:22):Being from the Armenian community, there's a lot of Armenians in Los Angeles. My cousins already had moved there. They also grew up in Lebanon. And my brother, who's a few years older than me, got admitted to USC graduate school in engineering. So he was going to be there. So it made a lot of sense.Eric Topol (02:44):Oh yeah.Ardem Patapoutian (02:45):Unlike him, I came with no school or job prospects because it happened so fast that I kind of just left. One year I was at American University of Beirut for one year, but then just left and came here. So worked for a year in various jobs and then started going back to school to UCLA.Eric Topol (03:07):Yeah, I saw how there was about a year where you were delivering pizzas and before you got into UCLA, and that must have been an interesting off year, if you will. Well, the story of course, just to fast forward, you did your baccalaureate at UCLA, your PhD at Caltech, postdoc at UCSF, and then you came to Scripps Research 24 years ago along with Pete Schultz, and it's been quite an amazing run that you've had. Now, before we get into PIEZO receptors, the background, maybe you could help me understand, the precursor work seems to be all related to the transient receptor potential (TRP) series, also ion channels. They were of course related to whether it was heat and temperature or somatosensory. How do these channels compare to the ones that you discovered years later?Background on these Ion ChannelsArdem Patapoutian (04:09):Yeah, so the somatosensory neurons that innervate your fingertips and everywhere else in your body, their main job is to sense temperature and pressure. And this is very different than any other neuron or any other cell. So when you touch a hot stove that's burning hot, you need to know about that immediately within milliseconds or something cold. So the opposite side of it is pressure sensing, and it also comes in light touch, which is pleasant or a hammer hitting your finger, which is unpleasant. But all of these have the same characteristic anyway, that is your body has learned at the molecular level to translate a physical stimulus such as temperature and pressure into an electrical signal that neurons use to communicate with each other. But this idea of how you translate physical stimuli into chemical or electrical signal has been a long open question because as you know, most of our cells communicate by chemicals, whether that's hormones or small molecules, we know how that works, receptor bind to ligand, confirmational change and you get a kinase activation and that's enough. But here, how do you sense pressure? How do you sense temperature? It was just, there wasn't much known about that. And that's why our earlier work on TRP channels, which were temperature sensors came before the pressure. And so, they're very related in that sense.Eric Topol (05:52):The structure of these, if you were to look at them, do they look pretty similar? What the TRP as you say, and what you did back in the 2010 Science paper, which we'll link to, of course the classic paper where you describe PIEZO1 and PIEZO2, but if you were to look at this structures, would they look pretty similar?Ardem Patapoutian (06:14):No, that's a good question. And they absolutely don't. That's why finding these receptors were so hard. So if you go back to other sensory receptors, vision rhodopsin G-protein coupled receptor (GPCRs), larger G-protein coupled receptor look the same. So for example, when it was identified by chemically, that smell also works through G-protein coupled receptor. Richard Axel and Linda Buck, who also won the Nobel Prize, found those receptors by homology to visual GPCRs. The ion channels other than the fact that they crossed the membrane a few times or more, they have nothing else in common. If you looked at their structure, you can't even immediately tell they're ion channels. So you couldn't find these by structural homology or sequence homology. So you had to do something else. And usually that means functional screens and et cetera.Eric Topol (07:09):Well, yeah, and I'm in touch with the screening. We'll get to that and how you dig these up and find them. But the somatosensory ones are really interesting because I don't think a lot of people realize that when you have wasabi or you have Listerine mouthwash and feel the burn and that these are all mediated through these channels, right?Ardem Patapoutian (07:35):Yeah. So there's this whole field of chemesthesis, which means senses in your mouth, for example, that are not explained by taste transduction and olfactory. And these are actually by the same somatosensory neurons that help you sense temperature and pressure. And some of these receptors are the same. Their evolution has taken over and used them for many different things. The prime example of this is the capsaicin receptor that David Julius my co-laureate identified, which is also heat receptors. So all languages describe chili peppers as hot, and that's not a coincidence. It actually activates heat activated channel, and that's why we think of it as hot. And so, the same goes to another one of these TRP channels that you mentioned, which is TRPA1, and this one is also activated, but a lot of spicy foods other than the chili pepper active ingredient includes what's in garlic and onions and everything that has this burning sensation and chemicals of this and wasabi and chemicals of this are used in over the counter products like Listerine that cause that burning sensation.Eric Topol (08:54):So when you're chopping onions and it makes you cry, is that all part of it as well?Ardem Patapoutian (08:59):That's all TRPA1, yeah.The Discovery, A Test of PerseveranceEric Topol (09:01):It's wild. Now, this was the groundwork. There were these heat temperature and somatic sensory, and then you were starting to wonder what about touch, what about out pressure and proprioception. And so, you went on a hunt, and it's actually kind of an incredible story about how you were able to find out of these cells that you had, screening hundreds or I guess you got to 72 different small interfering RNA blocking that you finally found the one. Is that right?Ardem Patapoutian (09:37):That's right. So in retrospect, looking back at it, I think there's such an interesting scientific message there. And so, many of us were looking for this touch pressure sensors and we were all looking in the DRG sensory neurons that are complicated heterogeneous, they don't divide. It's not easy to do a screen on them. And ultimately after a lot of failures, what worked for us is to take a step back and ask a much more simpler question. And that was, can we find one of these cell lines that you could easily homogeneously grow in a culture dish, if they respond to mechanical force, can we find our channel there? And then go back and look if it's relevant in vivo for what process. So I think the message is ask the simplest question to answer the question you're after. And finding what that is, is actually the challenge lots of times.Ardem Patapoutian (10:36):But yeah, that's what Bertrand Coste in my lab did is found a simple cell line that neuroscientists had been using for a hundred years and somehow found that they over overexpressed this channel because you can record from them, you can push them and record the currents from them. And then it became a simpler question of finding it. It still took a whole year. He made a list and one by one knocking them out and looking at it. And finally, as you say, number 72 was the hit. When he knocked that out, the current was gone. And that's where we started believing that we have what we were looking for.Eric Topol (11:12):Were you all ever about ready to give up at that point?Ardem Patapoutian (11:16):Oh yeah. I mean that's another lesson. These are postdocs doing the work, right? And they're here three, four years and this was coming close to end of two years, and he didn't have anything yet. So we started talking about having a backup project and he started that and we said, okay, we were ordering this oligos 30 at a time because they're expensive. And so, the first 30 nothing, the second 30 nothing. And how many more are we going to do before we potentially give up? And we said, well, let's do at least a third and then decide, thank goodness it was in that last set.Eric Topol (11:54):Wow, that is so wild. Now what's happened since this discovery, which I guess when you published it in 2010, so it means 14 years ago, but we're on this exponential growth of learning that these piezo receptors are everywhere. They're doing everything. In fact, I recently put on Bluesky, PIEZO ion channels are to human physiology as GLP-1 drugs are to treating many diseases because it's just blowing up. And you've published on some of these of course, on itch and bladder function and vascular function. We'll get to maybe malaria, I mean, but even the cover of Science recently was about wet dog shakes and how animals shake because of water. These receptors are so fundamental to our function. So maybe you could comment, 15 years ago when you were doing the work and you're making this discovery, did you ever envision it was going to blow up like this?Ardem Patapoutian (12:57):Not to this level, but I should have. I think that this idea, again, that most of cell communication is through chemicals is of course a lot of it is true.Ardem Patapoutian (13:12):But it would be ridiculous for evolution to ignore all the physical forces, the pressures that cells experience. And once they do, you would think you would put an instructive way of sensing this pressure signal and using it beneficially to the system or the cell. And so, when we used to talk about pressure sensing at the beginning, there were a couple of touch, pain, maybe proprioception, hearing are like the poster children of pressure sensing. But I think what these molecules, as you say is enabling us is finding out the much more wider role that pressure sensing is playing in physiology and in disease that no one had thought seriously about. And this is, I compare sometimes the finding the PIEZO molecules. You're going in a dark room, and you need to find a door to get into there. And PIEZO is kind of that finding the door once you get in, now you use that molecule now to find physiology instead of the opposite way around. So by pursuing PIEZO expression and function, we're finding all these new roles that they play in physiology and in disease that we didn't think about. And because they're so specialized to sense tension, membrane tension, they don't do anything else. So if you see them expressed somewhere or if you see a function for them, you can bet that they are playing a role in sensing pressure. A lot of biology has kind of come from this hypothesis.Eric Topol (15:00):Well, I mean it is so striking to see the pervasiveness, and I do want to go back just for a second because when you name them PIEZO, you named it after the Greek word. How did you come to that name?Ardem Patapoutian (15:13):So Bertrand and I were actually sitting on Google Translate and we were typing pressure and trying to see what it's like in Greek or in Latin or different languages. His native French and my Armenian and píesi in Greek is pressure. And of course, what's really cool is that the word that more people know about this is piezoelectric device.Eric Topol (15:41):Oh, right.Ardem Patapoutian (15:41):Actually, translates physical force into electricity and vice versa. And in a way, this is a little molecular machine that does the same thing, and he uses this piezoelectric device to actually push on the cell. That's his assay. So it all came together as a very appropriate name for this gene and protein.Call from the Nobel CommitteeEric Topol (16:04):Oh really, it's perfect. And you get to name it, even that's fun too, right? Now we're going to go to getting the call at 2:00 AM, but it didn't come to you because your phone from the Nobel Committee was on ‘do not disturb' and your 94-year-old father, Sarkis. How did the Nobel Committee know to get ahold of him? How did they reach him in the middle of the night?Ardem Patapoutian (16:37):Yeah, so I mean, since receiving it, I've had conversations with various committee members, and they are very resourceful folks, and they have assistants who throughout the year collect information on all potential people who might win. They're also doing last minute searches. So they looked for other Patapoutian's in California. So they just called my dad who initially yelled at them for disturbing him at 2:00 AM.Eric Topol (17:17):And he could get through to you because he was not on your list of ‘do not disturb' or something like that.Ardem Patapoutian (17:22):I didn't even know this. And I don't know if the policy has changed, but in some phones the ‘do not disturb' if it's called by someone who's in your contacts or favorites.Ardem Patapoutian (17:34):After I think they called twice and they get through, and that's how.Getting a Tattoo!Eric Topol (17:39):That's amazing. Wow. Well, that's quite a way to find out that you're getting recognized like this. Now recently you got a tattoo, which I thought was really remarkable, but we're going to put that of course in the post. Tell us about your decision to get the PIEZO channel on your arm.Ardem Patapoutian (18:02):So as you can tell, I'm obsessed about PIEZO and it's been good to me. And I had the idea a while ago, and my very wise wife, Nancy Hong, said that you might be going through midlife crisis. Why don't you wait a year? If you still believe in it, you should do it. And that's what I did. I waited a year, and I was like, I still want to do it. And I guess I could show it. Here it is.Eric Topol (18:32):Oh yeah, there it is. Oh wow.Ardem Patapoutian (18:33):What's cool is that I can pretty much flex to show the activation mechanism because the channel is like bent like this in the plasma membrane. When it's stretched, it opens and it actually flattens like this. So I feel like other than being a tattoo, this is both performance art and instructional device. When I'm giving talks without PowerPoint slides, I could give a demonstration how this ion channel works.[Below is from a presentation that Ardem recently gave, the Harvey Lecture, at Rockefeller University.]Eric Topol (19:04):It's wild. Now how did you find a tattoo artist that could, I mean, it's pretty intricate. I mean, that's not your typical tattoo.Ardem Patapoutian (19:14):Yeah, I put it up on social media that I was thinking of doing this, and many scientists are into tattoos, so I actually got so many recommendations. And one of them was a local here in San Diego, and she is very popular. I waited six months to get this, I was on a waiting list. The appointment was six months off when we made it. So she's very popular and she's very good.Eric Topol (19:45):Was it painful to get that done?Ardem Patapoutian (19:47):Well, that's actually really cool, right? Because PIEZO2 is involved in pain sensation, and I felt it while it was being tattooed on my arm. The whole day, I was there like six and a half hours.New Prospect for Pain MedicationEric Topol (20:00):Oh my gosh. Wow. Now that gets me to pain because, I'd like you to talk a bit about the people that don't have mutations or loss of function PIEZO receptors and also what your thoughts are in the future as to maybe we could develop a lot better pain medications.Ardem Patapoutian (20:22):Yeah, we're working on it. So you're right. One of the great parts of the science story, and this is mainly the work of Alex Chesler and Carsten Bönnemann at the NIH, where they identified people who came to the clinic for undiagnosed conditions, and they were uncoordinated and had difficulty walking. And when they did whole-exome sequencing, they found that they had mutations in PIEZO2, there were loss of function, as you say. So complete loss on both chromosomes. And when they started testing them, they realized that just like we had described them in animal models, humans without PIEZO2 as well, didn't sense touch, don't have proprioception. This sense of where your limbs are, that's so important for balance and most other daily functions that we take it for granted. So they were completely lacking all of those sensations. They also do not feel their bladder filling.Ardem Patapoutian (21:26):And so, they have learned to go on a schedule to make sure they don't have accidents. And many of these projects that we've done in the lab collaboration with Alex Chesler, et cetera, have come from the observations of what else these individuals experience. And so, it's been a great kind of collaboration communication between mechanistic animal model studies and the clinic. And so, one of the things that these individuals don't sense in addition to touch, is something called tactile allodynia, which is simply when touch becomes painful. You and I experienced this after small injury or sunburn where just touching your shoulder becomes painful, but for peripheral neuropathy and other neuropathic pain conditions, this is one of the major complaints that individuals have. And we know from the NIH studies that these individuals don't have this tactile allodynia. So touch becomes painful and doesn't apply to them, which tells us that if we block PIEZO2, we can actually get interesting relief from various aspects relative to neuropathic pain on other pain related neuropathies. But given everything we talked about, Eric, about how this is important for touch and proprioception, you don't want to make a pill that blocks PIEZO2 and you take it because this will have some serious on target side effects. But we are developing new compounds that block PIEZO2 and hope that it might be useful, at least as a topical medication pain and other indications. And we're actively working on this, as I said.Eric Topol (23:15):Yeah, I mean the topical one sounds like a winner because of peripheral neuropathy, but also I wonder if you could somehow target it to sick cells rather than if giving it in a systemic targeted way. I mean it has tremendous potential because we are on a serious hunt for much better relief of pain than exists today.Ardem Patapoutian (23:41):Absolutely.Eric Topol (23:42):Yeah. So that's exciting. I mean, that's another potential outgrowth of all this. Just going back, I mean the one that prompted me in November to write that about the human physiology in PIEZO, it was about intestinal stem cell fate decision and maintenance. I mean, it's just everywhere. But the work you've done certainly now has spurred on so many other groups to go after these different and many unanticipated functions. Were there any ones, of course, you've been pretty systematically addressing these that actually surprised you? You said, oh, are you kidding me when you read this? I never would've guessed this, or pretty much they followed suit as things were moving along.Ardem Patapoutian (24:33):So one of them is this role in macrophages that I found fascinating that we found a few years ago. So again, this came from human studies where PIEZO1 gain-of-function mutations. So in relation to loss of function, their gain-of-function where there's more activity given a certain amount of pressure. They have dehydrated red blood cells, which I'm not going to talk about right now. But they also have shown that in these patients, individuals, it's not really that pathological. They also have age-onset iron overload. What does that have to do with pressure sensing? And we brought that information into animal models, and we found that macrophages, their rate of phagocytosis depends on PIEZO, so that if you have too little PIEZO, they don't phagocytosis as much. If you have too much PIEZO, the phagocytosis too much. And this increased rate of phagocytosis in the long term because it's constantly eating red blood cells and the iron is circulating more causes long-term effects in iron overload. And again, as you kind of set that up, who would've thought that mechanical sensation is important for this basic hematology type?Eric Topol (25:52):Yeah, I mean, because we've been talking about the macro things, and here it is at the cellular level. I mean, it's just wild.Ardem Patapoutian (25:59):If you go back and look at a video of a macrophage eating up red blood cells, then you go, oh, I see how this has to do with pressure sensing because it is like extending little arms, feeling things letting go, going somewhere else. So again, I want to bring it back by this simple cell biological function of a cell type, like macrophage, exploring its environment is not just chemical, but very mechanical as well. And so, in retrospect, it is maybe not that surprising, that pressure sensing is important for its physiology.Career Changing?Eric Topol (26:33):Yeah, that's extraordinary. Well, that gets me to how your life has changed since 2021, because obviously this a big effect, big impact sort of thing. And I know that you're the first Armenian, first person from Lebanon to get this recognition. You recognized by the Lebanese Order of Merit. There's even a stamp of you, your picture characterized in 2022.Eric Topol (27:04):So if you were to sum up how it's changed because I see no change in you. You're the same person that has a great sense of humor. Often the tries to humor relaxed, calming. You haven't changed any to me, but how has it affected you?Ardem Patapoutian (27:26):Thank you, Eric. That's very kind of you. I try very hard for it not to change me. I do get a little bit more attention, a ton more invites, which unfortunately I have to say no to a lot of them because, and I'm sure you're very familiar with that concept and a lot of things are offered to you that I feel like it's so tempting to say yes because they're wonderful opportunities and an honor to be asked. But the end of the day, I'm trying to be very disciplined and not taking things on that I can do as an opportunity. But things that I really want to do. I think that's so hard to do sometimes is to separate those two. Why am I doing this? Is this really important for the goals that I have? So in one way, the answer for that is that I just want to stay in the lab and do my research with my students and postdoc, which is what I enjoy the most. But on the other hand, as you said, being the first Armenian who's received this, literally after the Nobel, I got this whole elementary school, all Armenian kids write to me multiple letters.Ardem Patapoutian (28:39):And they said, you look like me. I didn't think I could do this, but maybe I can. So in a sense, to ignore that and say, no, I just want to do my science, I don't want to be involved in any of that is also wrong. So I'm trying to balance being engaged in science outreach and helping to make science understood by the general public, realize that we're just regular people and at the same time how awesome science is. I love science and I like to project that, but leave plenty of time for me to just be a scientist and be in my lab and interact with my colleagues at Scripps, including you.Immigrant ScientistsEric Topol (29:21):Well, we're so lucky to have that chance. And I do want to mention, because you're prototyping in this regard about great immigrant scientists and other domains of course, but every year the Carnegie Foundation names these great immigrants and one year you were of course recognized. And in recent years, there have been more difficulties in people wanting to come to the US to get into science, and they wind up going to other places. It seems like that's a big loss for us. I mean, what if we weren't able to have had you come and so many hundreds, thousands of others that have contributed to this life science community? Maybe you could comment about that.Ardem Patapoutian (30:10):Yeah, I think it is tragic, as you say. I think in some circles, immigrants have this negative image or idea of what they bring, but at every level, immigrants have contributed so much to this country. It's a country of immigrants, of course, to start with. And I think it is important to put up a positive image of immigration and science is the ultimate example of that, right? I mean, I think when you go into any laboratory, you probably find if there's a lab of 16 people, you probably find people from 10 different countries. And we all work together. And the idea of also immigrant and especially about science is that I'm a big believer of changing field, changing things because just like that, immigrants have changed their whole life. So they come to a new culture, they bring with them their own way of thinking and their way of seeing things. And then you come into a new environment, and you see it a little bit differently. So that kind of change, whether it's because of physical immigration or immigrating from one field to another in science is really beneficial for science and society. And I think positive examples of this are an important part of highlighting this.Eric Topol (31:40):I couldn't agree with you more really.Bluesky vs Twitter/XEric Topol (31:41):Now, speaking of migration, there's been recently a big migration out of X, formerly Twitter to Bluesky, which I like the metaphor you liken to the Serengeti. Can you tell us about, now I know you're posting on Bluesky and of course so many others that you and I are mutual contacts, and our different networks are. What do you think about this migration outside of what was the platform where a lot of this, we shared things on X or before Musk took over known as Twitter? Thoughts about Bluesky?Ardem Patapoutian (32:27):Yeah, I think I use social media for a few reasons. The number one reason should be is to see new science by colleagues. My main point is that, but also, again, having fun in science is a big part of my draw to this. And as you can see from my posts, it's a bit lighthearted, and that's really me.Eric Topol (32:52):Right. Yeah.Ardem Patapoutian (32:52):I think on Twitter, things start getting a little bit dark and too many negative comments, and it was just not productive. And I just felt like after the elections, I felt like it was time to migrate. And I find Bluesky a great scientific community, and it's remarkable how quickly people have migrated from Twitter to Bluesky. But the counter argument for this is that you should stay in a place where majority of people are, because being in a bubble surrounding yourself by people like you doesn't help society. And so, I get that perspective as well. It just depends on what you're using the platform for and it's a difficult issue. But yeah, I've taken a break probably long-term break from Twitter. I'm on Bluesky now.Eric Topol (33:48):Yeah, no, the point you're bringing up about the echo chamber and is there going to be one for people that are leaning one way and they're thinking, and another with a whole different, often politically charged and even extreme views? It's really unfortunate if it does wind up that way. But right now, it seems like that migration is ongoing and it's substantial. And I guess we'll see how it settles out. I share your concern, and so far, I've been trying to keep a foot in both areas because I think if we all were to leave, then we're just kind of caving into a, it's tricky though. It really is because the noxious toxic type of comments, even when you try to avoid comments, you say, only followers can make a comment, they'll of course, quote your thing and then try to ding you and whatever. It's just crazy stuff, really.Ardem Patapoutian (34:53):I mean, what I think is that, that's why I said depends on why. I mean, your presence on social media is such an important part of science education. And I could almost say you can't afford to do what I do, which is I'm just putting my goofy posts and having fun. So we have different purposes in a way, and yeah, that affects what you use and how you use it.Eric Topol (35:17):Yeah, no, it's tricky it really is. We covered a lot of ground. Is there anything I missed that you want to get out there? Any part of this, your story and the PIEZO story, science and everything else that I didn't bring up?The Essentiality of Basic ScienceArdem Patapoutian (35:42):I just think that the basic science community is really suffering from decreasing amounts of funding and appreciation of doing basic science. And one of my goals, in addition to this immigrant scientist thing, is to remind people that all medicines start with basic science work. And funding this has mainly been through NIH and it's getting harder and harder for basic scientists to secure funding and I'm really worried about this. And we need to find ways to be okay for people to do basic science. And I'll give you one example. Whenever we make a publication and there's a journalist talking to us or some kind of press coverage, they ask, how is this directly affecting patients? And my work actually is very much related to patients, and I answer that question, but I also say, but it's also important to do science for the science sake because you don't know where the applications are going to come from. And we need to, as a society, encourage and fund and support basic science as the seeds of all these translational work. And I think doing that just kind of highlights that this is important too. We should support it, not just things that right now seem very related to translational that directly helps patients.Eric Topol (37:16):Well, I'm so glad you emphasized that because I mean, the PIEZO story is the exemplar. Look what's come of it, what might still come of it. In many respects here you are maybe 15 years into the story and there's still many parts of this that are untold, but if it wasn't for the basic science, we wouldn't have these remarkable and diverse insights. And recently you cited, and I think so many people read about the ‘crown jewel' NIH, front page New York Times, and how it's under threat because the new NIH director doesn't have a regard for basic science. He's actually, he's confirmed, which is likely, he's an economist, physician economist, never practiced medicine, but he doesn't really have a lot of regard for basic science. But as you point out, almost every drug that we have today came out of NIH basic work. And I mean, not just that, but all the disease insights and treatments and so much.Eric Topol (38:25):So this is really unfortunate if we have not just an NIH and other supporting foundations that don't see the priority, the fundamental aspect of basic science to then lead to, as we call translational, and then ultimately the way to promote human health, which is I think what we're all very much focused on ultimately. But you can't do it without getting to first base, and that's what you have done. You served it up and it's a great example. Well, Ardem, it's always a pleasure. This is a first time talking through a podcast. I hope we'll have many, many visits informally that will complement the ones we've already had, and we will follow the PIEZO work. Obviously, you have had just an exceptional impact, but you're still young and who knows what's next, right? I mean, look what happened to Barry Sharpless. He won here. He won two Nobel prizes, so you never know where things are headed.Ardem Patapoutian (39:36):Thank you, Eric, and I really appreciate what you do for the biomedical community. I think it's wonderful through your social media and this podcast, we all appreciate it.***********************************************************************************Please take a moment to complete the poll above.Thank you for reading, listening and subscribing to Ground Truths.If you found this informative please share it!All content on Ground Truths—its newsletters, analyses, and podcasts, are free, open-access.Paid subscriptions are voluntary and of course appreciated. All proceeds from them go to support Scripps Research. Many thanks to those who have contributed—they have greatly helped fund our summer internship programs for the past two years. I welcome all comments from paid subscribers and will do my best to respond to each of them and any questions.Thanks to my producer Jessica Nguyen and to Sinjun Balabanoff for audio and video support at Scripps Research.And Happy New Year! Get full access to Ground Truths at erictopol.substack.com/subscribe

When the phone rang 10 years ago while Norwegian neuroscientist May-Britt Moser was in a particularly engaging lab meeting, she almost didn't answer it.Good thing she did! It was Göran Hansson, secretary of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine, with the news: May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser, along with their mentor and colleague John O'Keefe from the University College London, had just won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries of two types of brain cells that work together to function like a GPS in the brain.That system allows animals -including us - to know where they are, and navigate to where they want to go. This was a groundbreaking discovery because it gave us critical insight into how an area of the brain, far from the normal sensory inputs of sight, sound and touch, constructs its own way of understanding space. And, because this same area of the brain, and our ability to navigate, are affected early on in Alzheimer's patients, it offers an inroad for clinicians studying the disease. In fact, the KG Jebsen Centre for Alzheimer's Disease, a part of the Mosers' Kavli Institute, is working to bring these fundamental insights about the brain to clinical practice. This episode is a celebration of the 10th anniversary of the Nobel award. To make it, I cracked open a time capsule of sorts: When the Mosers first learned that they had won the scientific world's highest honour, I ran down to their lab and recorded everything! The files in this podcast are from that day and the heady days afterwards.My guests on today's episode are May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser.You can also find lots more material, including videos, more popular science articles and background information on this webpage. And don't forget to subscribe to 63 Degrees North to hear my second podcast, coming in early 2025, about the most recent findings from the Mosers' lab – and a look into the future. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

South Korean writer Han Kang won the 2024 Nobel Prize in Literature on Thursday. The Swedish Academy's Nobel Committee said her work “confronts historical traumas and exposes the fragility of human life.” 韩国作家韩康周四荣获 2024 年诺贝尔文学奖。瑞典学院诺贝尔委员会表示，她的作品“直面历史创伤，暴露了人类生命的脆弱”。 Born in 1970, Han Kang is the first South Korean to win the literature prize. Kang began her career in 1993 with the publication of several poems in Literature and Society. She published her first story in 1995 with Love of Yeosu. 韩康出生于1970年，是第一位获得文学奖的韩国人。康于1993年开始了她的职业生涯，在《文学与社会》上发表了几首诗。1995年，她发表了第一篇小说《丽水之恋》。 In 2016, Kang won the Man Booker International Prize for The Vegetarian. It tells the story of a woman's decision to stop eating meat and her family's worry about her mental health. The novel was the first of her books to be translated into English and was seen as her major international breakthrough. 2016年，康凭借《素食者》获得曼布克国际奖。它讲述了一名女性决定停止吃肉以及家人对她心理健康的担忧的故事。这本小说是她第一本被翻译成英文的书，被视为她在国际上的重大突破。 In a talk with the Booker Prizes, published last year, Kang said the book was written during a difficult period in her life. She questioned whether she could finish the story or even survive as a writer. 在去年出版的布克奖颁奖典礼上，康表示这本书是在她人生的困难时期写成的。她质疑自己能否完成这个故事，甚至能否作为一名作家生存下去。 "I was suffering from severe arthritis…To this day, I feel awkward when I hear about the novel's ‘success,'” she said. “我当时患有严重的关节炎……直到今天，当我听到这部小说的‘成功'时，我都感到很尴尬，”她说。 In the novel Human Acts, Kang explored the 1980 killing of hundreds of students and unarmed civilians by the South Korean military in the city of Gwangju, where she grew up. 在小说《人类的行为》中，康探讨了 1980 年韩国军队在她长大的光州市杀害数百名学生和手无寸铁的平民的事件。 "In seeking to give voice to the victims of history, the book confronts this episode with brutal actualization and, in so doing, approaches the genre of witness literature," the Academy said. 该学院表示：“为了向历史受害者发出声音，这本书以残酷的现实来面对这一事件，并以此接近了见证文学的类型。”Kang is the second South Korean to win a Nobel Prize. Former South Korean President Kim Dae-jung received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2000 for his efforts to restore democracy in the South and improve relations with North Korea. 康是第二位获得诺贝尔奖的韩国人。韩国前总统金大中因其在韩国恢复民主和改善与朝鲜关系的努力而获得2000年诺贝尔和平奖。 The literature prize has long faced criticism that it is too centered on European and North American writings. It has also been awarded mainly to male writers. Kang is only the 18th woman to receive the award among more than 100 winners. 长期以来，文学奖一直面临着过于以欧洲和北美作品为中心的批评。该奖项也主要颁发给男性作家。Kang是100多名获奖者中第18位获得该奖项的女性。 Past winners of the prize include well-known writers like Irish poet W.B. Yeats, American writer Ernest Hemingway and Colombia's Gabriel Garcia Marquez. In 2016, American singer Bob Dylan also received the prize “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition” 该奖项的历届获奖者包括爱尔兰诗人 W.B. 叶芝、美国作家欧内斯特·海明威和哥伦比亚的加布里埃尔·加西亚·马尔克斯。2016年，美国歌手鲍勃·迪伦也因“在伟大的美国歌曲传统中创造了新的诗意表达方式”而获奖。 Mats Malm is Permanent Secretary of the Swedish Academy. He told reporters, “I was able to talk to Han Kang over the phone. She was having an ordinary day, it seems, she had just finished supper with her son." 马茨·马尔姆 (Mats Malm) 是瑞典学院常务秘书。他告诉记者，“我能够通过电话与韩康交谈。她今天过得很平常，好像刚刚和儿子吃完晚饭。” The prize comes with a money award of $1.1 million. 该奖项奖金为 110 万美元。

12 October, the day after the announcement of the 2024 Nobel Peace Prize, we invited Jørgen Watne Frydnes, Chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee to give a short lecture on awarding the prize to Nihon Hidankyo. Read more about the Japanese organisation Nihon Hidankyo here: https://peaceprizelaureates.nobelpeacecenter.org/en/laureate/2024-nihon-hidankyo

The Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to a Japanese grassroots movement working to eliminate nuclear weapons. It's made up of survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings. The group's leader says he felt people helping Palestinians in Gaza deserved to win instead. So, what's behind the Nobel Committee's decision? In this episode: Asmund Aukrust, Member of Parliament, Norway's Labour Party.  Lex Takkenberg, Senior Advisor, Arab Renaissance for Democracy and Development.   Henrik Urdal, Director, Peace Research Institute Oslo. Host: Tom McRae Connect with us:@AJEPodcasts on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook At Al Jazeera Podcasts, we want to hear from you, our listeners. So, please head to https://www.aljazeera.com/survey and tell us your thoughts about this show and other Al Jazeera podcasts. It only takes a few minutes!

On the day the Nobel Committee awards the Peace Prize, Gideon Rose, adjunct senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), the former editor of Foreign Affairs and author of How Wars End (Simon & Schuster, 2010), looks at this year's recipient and back through its impact over the last century, as part of our ongoing centennial series.

This year's Nobel Peace Prize winner is a Japanese organization working toward global nuclear disarmament.On Today's Show:On the day the Nobel Committee awards the Peace Prize, Gideon Rose, adjunct senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), the former editor of Foreign Affairs and author of How Wars End (Simon & Schuster, 2010), looks at this year's recipient and back through its impact over the last century, as part of our ongoing centennial series.

*) Israel orders Beirut residents to leave before air strikes The Israeli military has issued an urgent warning for residents in southern Beirut to evacuate ahead of planned air strikes, which it claims are targeting Hezbollah-linked sites as Tel Aviv widens its war throughout the Middle East. According to the Lebanese Health Ministry over 2,100 Lebanese people have been killed and thousands have been wounded since the Israeli attacks began. Meanwhile, Tel Aviv's ally, the US' trust in Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu's government is eroding, with concerns over Israel's handling of Gaza and rejection of a ceasefire proposal, according to a report published by Axios. US officials have said they are concerned that the directive is setting the stage for a potential siege and that Palestinian civilians would not be allowed to return. *) WHO warns of disease outbreaks in Lebanese shelters amid Israel's invasion The World Health Organization warns of looming disease outbreaks in Lebanon as crowded shelters and hospital closures strain the health system amid Israel's intensified ground invasion. The UN health agency has already warned that the system is overstretched and five hospitals in the country have closed so far and four are only partly functional. Meanwhile, the WFP highlighted Lebanon's food crisis, with abandoned farmland and rotting crops threatening food security in the conflict zone. *) India's Modi surprises with Haryana win as opposition alliance takes Kashmir Indian PM Narendra Modi's BJP clinched a surprise win in Haryana state, defying exit polls and reinforcing its strength despite recent national setbacks. The Congress party, predicted to win, called the outcome "unexpected" and plans to challenge the results. Meanwhile, National Conference, a regional Kashmiri opposition alliance won in India-administered Kashmir, signalling shifting dynamics ahead of key state elections. *) British spy chief reveals surge in youth involvement in extremism UK's MI5 Chief Ken McCallum warns of a surge in youth terrorism cases, with under-18s now making up 13 percent of investigations—a threefold rise in three years. He cites online extremism, driven by right-wing ideologies, as a key factor. McCallum said the intelligence service was seeing "far too many cases where very young people are being drawn into poisonous online extremism" and singled out "canny" internet memes. *) AI pioneers Geoffrey Hinton and John Hopfield receive Nobel honours Geoffrey Hinton, the "Godfather of AI," and physicist John Hopfield won the Nobel Physics Prize for groundbreaking AI foundations. Hinton, 76, expressed concern over AI's future dominance, despite its benefits. The Nobel Committee highlighted AI's daily impact, urging ethical use. Hopfield, 91, was honoured for his "Hopfield network," crucial for image and pattern recognition.

“I heard what sounded like an authentic call from the Nobel Committee!” New medicine laureate Gary Ruvkun might have received a prank call or two in the past, but today's was genuine. He talked to the Nobel Prize's Adam Smith minutes after hearing the news, about the pleasure of finding things out, the electrifying growth of the microRNA field over the years, and the benefits of taking time out. And as for what's about to follow: “It's going to be a fun ride!” Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Chris and Doran are joined by Christopher Feran to discuss, "Effects of coffee roasting technologies on cup quality and bioactive compounds of specialty coffee beans", appearing in Food Sci. Nutr., 2020, 8, 6120. This paper has some major issues — I hope you enjoy us diplomatically deconstructing it. The article can be found here: ⁠https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1904 About Christopher: Despite having recently opened his own roastery, Aviary, based in Ohio, Christopher finds time to be a leading consultant in the specialty coffee industry. He has a wealth of knowledge and shares some of it today, discussing sample roasting. Introduction preamble: The Nobel Committee.

Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Rapid capability gain around supergenius level seems probable even without intelligence needing to improve intelligence, published by Towards Keeperhood on May 6, 2024 on LessWrong. TLDR: 1. Around Einstein-level, relatively small changes in intelligence can lead to large changes in what one is capable to accomplish. 1. E.g. Einstein was a bit better than the other best physi at seeing deep connections and reasoning, but was able to accomplish much more in terms of impressive scientific output. 2. There are architectures where small changes can have significant effects on intelligence. 1. E.g. small changes in human-brain-hyperparameters: Einstein's brain didn't need to be trained on 3x the compute than normal physics professors for him to become much better at forming deep understanding, even without intelligence improving intelligence. Einstein and the heavytail of human intelligence 1905 is often described as the "annus mirabilis" of Albert Einstein. He founded quantum physics by postulating the existence of (light) quanta, explained Brownian motion, introduced the special relativity theory and derived E=mc from it. All of this. In one year. While having a full-time job in the Swiss patent office. With the exception of John von Neumann, we'd say those discoveries alone seem more than any other scientist of the 20th century achieved in their lifetime (though it's debatable). Though perhaps even more impressive is that Einstein was able to derive general relativity. Einstein was often so far ahead of his time that even years after he published his theories the majority of physicists rejected them because they couldn't understand them, sometimes even though there was experimental evidence favoring Einstein's theories. After solving the greatest open physics problems at the time in 1905, he continued working in the patent office until 1908, since the universities were too slow on the uptake to hire him earlier. Example for how far ahead of his time Einstein was: Deriving the theory of light quanta The following section is based on parts of the 8th chapter of "Surfaces and Essences" by Douglas Hofstadter. For an analysis of some of Einstein's discoveries, which show how far ahead of his time he was, I can recommend reading it. At the time, one of the biggest problems in physics was the "Blackbody spectrum", which describes the spectrum of electromagnetic wavelengths emitted by a Blackbody. The problem with it was that the emitted spectrum was not explainable by known physics. Einstein achieved a breakthrough by considering light not just as a wave, but also as light quanta. Although this idea sufficiently explained the Blackbody spectrum, physicists (at least almost) unanimously rejected it. The fight between the "light is corpuscles" and "light is a wave" faction had been decided a century ago, with a clear victory for the "wave" faction. Being aware of these possible doubts, Einstein proposed three experiments to prove his idea, one of which was the photoelectric effect. In the following years, Robert Millikan carried out various experiments on the photoelectric effect, which all confirmed Einstein's predictions. Still, Millikan insisted that the light-quanta theory had no theoretical basis and even falsely claimed that Einstein himself did not believe in his idea anymore. From Surfaces and Essences (p.611): To add insult to injury, although the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Albert Einstein, it was not for his theory of light quanta but "for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect". Weirdly, in the citation there was no mention of the ideas behind that law, since no one on the Nobel Committee (or in all of physics) believed in them! [1][...] And thus Albert Einstein's revolutionary ideas on the nature of light, that most fundamental and all-...

Link to original articleWelcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Rapid capability gain around supergenius level seems probable even without intelligence needing to improve intelligence, published by Towards Keeperhood on May 6, 2024 on LessWrong. TLDR: 1. Around Einstein-level, relatively small changes in intelligence can lead to large changes in what one is capable to accomplish. 1. E.g. Einstein was a bit better than the other best physi at seeing deep connections and reasoning, but was able to accomplish much more in terms of impressive scientific output. 2. There are architectures where small changes can have significant effects on intelligence. 1. E.g. small changes in human-brain-hyperparameters: Einstein's brain didn't need to be trained on 3x the compute than normal physics professors for him to become much better at forming deep understanding, even without intelligence improving intelligence. Einstein and the heavytail of human intelligence 1905 is often described as the "annus mirabilis" of Albert Einstein. He founded quantum physics by postulating the existence of (light) quanta, explained Brownian motion, introduced the special relativity theory and derived E=mc from it. All of this. In one year. While having a full-time job in the Swiss patent office. With the exception of John von Neumann, we'd say those discoveries alone seem more than any other scientist of the 20th century achieved in their lifetime (though it's debatable). Though perhaps even more impressive is that Einstein was able to derive general relativity. Einstein was often so far ahead of his time that even years after he published his theories the majority of physicists rejected them because they couldn't understand them, sometimes even though there was experimental evidence favoring Einstein's theories. After solving the greatest open physics problems at the time in 1905, he continued working in the patent office until 1908, since the universities were too slow on the uptake to hire him earlier. Example for how far ahead of his time Einstein was: Deriving the theory of light quanta The following section is based on parts of the 8th chapter of "Surfaces and Essences" by Douglas Hofstadter. For an analysis of some of Einstein's discoveries, which show how far ahead of his time he was, I can recommend reading it. At the time, one of the biggest problems in physics was the "Blackbody spectrum", which describes the spectrum of electromagnetic wavelengths emitted by a Blackbody. The problem with it was that the emitted spectrum was not explainable by known physics. Einstein achieved a breakthrough by considering light not just as a wave, but also as light quanta. Although this idea sufficiently explained the Blackbody spectrum, physicists (at least almost) unanimously rejected it. The fight between the "light is corpuscles" and "light is a wave" faction had been decided a century ago, with a clear victory for the "wave" faction. Being aware of these possible doubts, Einstein proposed three experiments to prove his idea, one of which was the photoelectric effect. In the following years, Robert Millikan carried out various experiments on the photoelectric effect, which all confirmed Einstein's predictions. Still, Millikan insisted that the light-quanta theory had no theoretical basis and even falsely claimed that Einstein himself did not believe in his idea anymore. From Surfaces and Essences (p.611): To add insult to injury, although the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Albert Einstein, it was not for his theory of light quanta but "for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect". Weirdly, in the citation there was no mention of the ideas behind that law, since no one on the Nobel Committee (or in all of physics) believed in them! [1][...] And thus Albert Einstein's revolutionary ideas on the nature of light, that most fundamental and all-...

rWotD Episode 2483: Gerhard Ertl Welcome to random Wiki of the Day where we read the summary of a random Wikipedia page every day.The random article for Tuesday, 20 February 2024 is Gerhard Ertl.Gerhard Ertl (German pronunciation: [ˈɡeːɐ̯haʁt ˈɛʁtl̩] ; born 10 October 1936) is a German physicist and a Professor emeritus at the Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft in Berlin, Germany. Ertl's research laid the foundation of modern surface chemistry, which has helped explain how fuel cells produce energy without pollution, how catalytic converters clean up car exhausts and even why iron rusts, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said.His work has paved the way for development of cleaner energy sources and will guide the development of fuel cells, said Astrid Graslund, secretary of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry.He was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces. The Nobel academy said Ertl provided a detailed description of how chemical reactions take place on surfaces. His findings applied in both academic studies and industrial development, the academy said. “Surface chemistry can even explain the destruction of the ozone layer, as vital steps in the reaction actually take place on the surfaces of small crystals of ice in the stratosphere,” the award citation reads.In 2015, Ertl signed the Mainau Declaration 2015 on Climate Change on the final day of the 65th Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting. The declaration was signed by a total of 76 Nobel Laureates and handed to then-President of the French Republic, François Hollande, as part of the COP21 climate summit in Paris.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:48 UTC on Tuesday, 20 February 2024.For the full current version of the article, see Gerhard Ertl on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm Danielle Neural.

Free, ungated access to all 265+ episodes of “It's 5:05!” on your favorite podcast platforms: https://bit.ly/505-updates. You're welcome to

It's that time of year when an economist is woken by an early call from the Nobel Committee in Sweden. This year, it was the turn of Claudia Goldin, whose work has revolutionised our understanding of gender in the labour market. And on this week's podcast, we speak to her.Hosts: Mike Bird, Alice Fulwood and Tom Lee-Devlin. Guests: Arjun Ramani, from The Economist; and Claudia Goldin.Sign up for Economist Podcasts+ now and get 50% off your subscription with our limited time offer. You will not be charged until Economist Podcasts+ launches.If you're already a subscriber to The Economist, you'll have full access to all our shows as part of your subscription.For more information about Economist Podcasts+, including how to get access, please visit our FAQs page. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

It's that time of year when an economist is woken by an early call from the Nobel Committee in Sweden. This year, it was the turn of Claudia Goldin, whose work has revolutionised our understanding of gender in the labour market. And on this week's podcast, we speak to her.Hosts: Mike Bird, Alice Fulwood and Tom Lee-Devlin. Guests: Arjun Ramani, from The Economist; and Claudia Goldin.Sign up for Economist Podcasts+ now and get 50% off your subscription with our limited time offer. You will not be charged until Economist Podcasts+ launches.If you're already a subscriber to The Economist, you'll have full access to all our shows as part of your subscription.For more information about Economist Podcasts+, including how to get access, please visit our FAQs page. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

It's Nobel week on the podcast, and reporter Megan Molteni details the unique story of this year's winners for medicine, Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman. Then, our colleague Jason Mast joins us to explain the scientific and ethical quandaries facing the teams attempting to develop HIV vaccines.

The Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 was awarded to Raman for the discovery of the effect named after him. The next time physics prizes were announced was in November 1933, which makes this the longest peace-time gap in the history of the Nobel Prize in Physics. Considering that the 1932 year's prize was awarded in 1933 to Heisenberg and the 1933 year's prize to Schrödinger and Dirac for their contributions to the new quantum mechanics, this gap is the more puzzling. I will describe, based on archive material, the struggle facing the Nobel Committee during those years, and how it eventually arrived at a name combination comprising three of the greatest physicists of the twentieth century. I will also describe briefly the three Nobel Prizes concerning quantum mechanics that followed later, in 1945, 1954 and 2022.

Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Juleen Zierath who has had a remarkable background with current senior roles at both the Karolinska Institute in Sweden and the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. She was also previously the Chair of the Nobel Committee. We discuss the effects of circadian rhythms on: muscle insulin sensitivity, metabolic responses to exercise in T2D vs controls, exercise performance, metabolism in men vs women and integrative physiology. A very interesting chat. Twitter: @JuleenRZierath. 0:00. Introduction and Juleen's academic and research background 7:39. Ball State University and David “Doc” Costill 9:40. What it's like on the Nobel Prize committee 15:00. Circadian rhythms and physiology/metabolism/exercise 18:50. Metabolic flexibility, circadian biology and exercise 19:50. Central and peripheral clocks etc. 23:55. Jet lag and light/clocks 24:25. Different experimental models: Insects, mice and humans 27:53. Circadian misalignments in obesity and diabetes 29:02. Genetics + environment re obesity, insulin sensitivity 30:06. Circadian rhythms in muscle cells 32:40. Exercise: can it cure type 2 diabetes? 35:32. Genes matter 35:42. Shift work and insulin resistance / cancer 36:46. Hyperglycemia after morning not afternoon exercise (CGMs) 43:50. Mortality and the time of exercise 44:56. Effect of the time of day on exercise performance 46:18. Sex differences: exercise, inflammation and the genome 50:37. Controversies?: we don't know enough/more to learn 53:43. Takeaway messages 56:09. Outro (9 secs) Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of research in exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise's effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all. The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University. He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9). Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at: Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1 Instagram: insideexercise Facebook: Glenn McConell LinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460 ResearchGate: Glenn McConell Email: glenn.mcconell@gmail.com Subscribe to Inside exercise: Spotify: shorturl.at/tyGHL Apple Podcasts: shorturl.at/oFQRU YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@insideexercise Anchor: https://anchor.fm/insideexercise Google Podcasts: shorturl.at/bfhHI Anchor: https://anchor.fm/insideexercise Podcast Addict: https://podcastaddict.com/podcast/4025218 Not medical advice

Welcome to December 10, 2022 on the National Day Calendar. Today we celebrate with a toast to Summer and those who change the world.    Lagers are distinguished from other beers by their cold-conditioning process. They are made with “bottom-fermenting” yeast that can develop at colder temperatures. Before the advent of refrigeration, brewers perfected this process in cellars dug into the ground that were filled with ice. The delicious results are often described as “crisp” and “refreshing.” With so many choices from pale, amber or dark to several craft varieties, you will likely add lager to your list of favorite things. On National Lager Day, grab your friends and celebrate the midwinter season with the taste of Summer.   At the age of 17, Alfred Nobel spoke five languages fluently. This was only the beginning of the young man's accomplishments. Through the course of his life, Nobel amassed a fortune from his 87 businesses and 355 patents worldwide, including the patent for dynamite. In his third and last will, Nobel stated that the money should be given away to those who had done their best to benefit mankind. Each annual prize would recognize the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. Though it took nearly five years after his passing, the Nobel Committee has awarded these prizes every year since 1901. On Nobel Prize Day, we celebrate the generosity of Alfred Nobel and those who continue to make the world a better place.  I'm Anna Devere and I'm Marlo Anderson. Thanks for joining us as we Celebrate Every Day. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Smart 7 Ireland Edition is the daily news podcast that gives you everything you need to know in 7 minutes, at 7am, 7 days a week… Consistently appearing in Ireland's Daily News charts, we're a trusted source for people every day. If you're enjoying it, please follow, share or even post a review, it all helps… Today's episode includes references to the following guests: Sergiu Pasca - Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the Stanford School of MedicineThors Hans Hansson - Member of the Nobel Committee for Physics Professor Robert Baloh - Professor of Neurology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLADavid Relman - Chair of the National Academies PanelKen Buesseler - Senior Scientist for Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's Ocean Twilight ZoneHeidi Sosik - Lead Scientist for Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's Ocean Twilight ZoneMaria Elena de Obaldia - Postdoctoral Researcher at Rockefeller UniversityTerry Virts - Former astronaut and retired air force colonelLinda Hill - Owner of Hill House Manor Contact us over at Twitter or visit www.thesmart7.com Presented by Ciara Revins, written by Oliva Davies and Liam Thompson and produced by Daft Doris. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The Smart 7 is a daily podcast that gives you everything you need to know in 7 minutes, at 7 am, 7 days a week... With over 11 million downloads and consistently charting, including as No. 1 News Podcast on Spotify, we're a trusted source for people every day. If you're enjoying it, please follow, share, or even post a review, it all helps... Today's episode includes the following guests: Sergiu Pasca - Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the Stanford School of MedicineThors Hans Hansson - Member of the Nobel Committee for Physics Professor Robert Baloh - Professor of Neurology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLADavid Relman - Chair of the National Academies PanelKen Buesseler - Senior Scientist for Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's Ocean Twilight ZoneHeidi Sosik - Lead Scientist for Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's Ocean Twilight ZoneMaria Elena de Obaldia - Postdoctoral Researcher at Rockefeller UniversityTerry Virts - Former astronaut and retired air force colonelLinda Hill - Owner of Hill House Manor In Ireland? Why not try our Ireland Edition?Contact us over at Twitter or visit www.thesmart7.com Presented by Jamie East, written by Olivia Davies and produced by Daft Doris. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Our host, Dr. Fethke, dedicates this episode to a remarkable college classmate and friend at a time when she needs everyone's support. This person is none other than Maria Ressa, the recipient of the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize, recognized for her tireless efforts over the past three decades to champion Freedom of the Press in the face of overwhelming obstacles. In the words of the Nobel Committee, Maria Ressa received the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with Russia's Dmitry Muratov for "their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace."In order to do justice to Ressa's cause, Dr. Fethke has invited a very special and highly knowledgeable guest, Professor Kathy Kiely. She is the Lee Hills Chair in Free Press Studies at the Missouri School of Journalism. She has worked more than four decades as a reporter and editor for regional and national newspapers as well as online and multimedia publications. She has been recognized for her passionate support of  transparency, free speech and education. After a long career covering politics in Washington, Kiely moved into the classroom full-time because, she says, universities are the laboratories that will discover the formula for making fact-based journalism viable again. Kiely has covered regional and national politics for a number of news outlets, including USA TODAY, the New York Daily News, the Houston Post, the Arkansas Democrat-Gazette and the Pittsburgh Press. She served as an editor for WAMU, Bill Moyers, the Sunlight Foundation, Bloomberg Politics and helped coordinate the National Journal's campaign coverage with CBS News. She also served on the Congressional Standing Committee of Correspondents and on the boards of the National Press Club Journalism Institute and the Daily Princetonian. She holds a master's degree from American University and a bachelor's degree from Princeton University. She is the inaugural Press Freedom Fellow for the National Press Club‘s nonprofit Journalism Institute.Prof. Kiely is a well recognized advocate of Journalistic Freedom who believes that Maria Ressa's voice is at an extremely high risk of being silenced by those in power in the Philippines who are threatened by the integrity and truth of her work. Kiely has commented that the Nobel Peace Prize given to journalists Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov is a warning that across the globe, “forces of darkness and intolerance are on the march… Journalists are the canaries in the mine shaft.In this episode, Prof. Kiely teaches us why Freedom of Speech and Health are intrinsically linked. Dr. Fethke and Prof. Kiely review the rationale behind the U.S. Consititution's 1st Amendment protecting free speech and a free press. She then clearly reviews the evolution of digital and social media, with its pros and cons. She defines the concepts of Misinformation and Disinformation, clarifying why the latter is so dangerous to us all. She explains that the Nobel Committee has specifically recognized Maria Ressa because she has led the way for us all to understand the impact of Disinformation and is actively working on solutions to regain the integrity of facts and bring the truth back to journalism. Kiely stresses that the battles that Maria Ressa and her journalist team at Rappler are fighting in the Philippines are critically relevant to the Global pursuit of democracy. As Kiely reminds us, “My father fought in WW2 to defend and help establish a free Philippines. We must never forget that Maria Ressa's defense of Freedom of the Press is a part of our fathers' legacies. To do so would be a dishonor to their cause and memory.”LINKS:House: https://www.house.gov/Senate: https://www.senate.gov/Post office (where you can look up ZIP+4 to get House member's name: https://www.usps.com/

And now for some more Fatal Conceits…“I think those people at the Nobel Committee must have a sense of humor,” quipped Bill Bonner, in response to the questionable judgement that resulted in Ben Shalom Bernanke being awarded the Nobel Prize for economics earlier this week. “They're either very dumb or very cynical,” Bill continued. “And I'm not sure which it is because, if you remember that time, Ben Bernanke was wrong about everything. And no major issue came to him that he was not wrong about.”Alas, 14 years after Mr. Bernanke's preposterous “we may not have an economy on Monday morning” speech, in which he presented one of the most galling false dichotomies of the modern era (pass this unprecedented – and lately unread – stimulus bill… or the sky will fall), and we are now reaping the whirlwind of his profligacy.Over the course of a half hour or so, Bill shared with us his thoughts on the end of the Age of Abundance, the reason our current financial predicament differs greatly from what Volcker faced in the ‘70s (Hint: It begins with D and rhymes with “regret”) and why those born after 1980 cannot know, first hand, what a return to the “Old Normal” will entail…All that and plenty more on Ep #74 of the Fatal Conceits podcast. Please enjoy and, if you have a moment, share with a friend…Also, if you're interested in purchasing some of Bill's wine, which we talk about towards the end of the episode, their Tacana 2020 vintage is now available to select buyers. The first half of the allotment (reserved for the Bonner Wine Partnership's private Tacana buyer's list) sold out in a day. The rest probably won't be around for long, so if you want to grab a few bottles… for the cellar or the bunker… don't dilly-dally. More information here: And for those of you who are less audio-inclined, you'll also find a full transcript of today's interview, below. Until next time…Cheers,Joel BowmanThank you for reading Bonner Private Research. This post is public so feel free to share it.TRANSCRIPT:Joel Bowman:Welcome back to another episode of the Fatal Conceits Podcast dear listener. It's the show, as you know, about money markets, mobs and manias. If you have not already done so, please head on over to our Substack page. You can find us at bonnerprivateresearch.substack.com. On that page, you'll be able to find hundreds now of essays authored by today's guest, Bill Bonner, in the daily section. We've got plenty of research reports from Dan Denning and Tom Dyson. And of course, many more conversations like this under the Fatal Conceits Podcast tab at the top of the page. So without further ado, I think you can probably see in your screen there, framed by gilted cornices, remnants of a bygone era of abundance, Mr. Bill Bonner, welcome to the show. How do you do sir?Bill Bonner:Thank you Joel. It's a pleasure to be with you.Joel Bowman:You're up there in Baltimore at the moment, that's correct?Bill Bonner:In Baltimore. And you're right, it is the bygone remnants of an ancient civilization. Baltimore was by the way, the richest city in America in say the early 19th century because it had such a great harbor. And it was also connected, through the Cumberland Gap, it was connected to the whole Ohio Valley and all that area over there on the other side of the Appalachian Mountains. So it was a big important port for people coming from Europe and a big important port for people making mostly food things that they exported it to Europe. And people got rich. And movies from say the 1920s or so, maybe a little bit later, they will frequently have a rich person as somebody from Baltimore. And that all seems so unlikely now. It's hard to even imagine.Joel Bowman:To be rich like a Baltimorean is like to be rich like an Argentine.Bill Bonner:Same thing.Joel Bowman:Exactly. And I'm racking my brain here, but how on earth were they able to get rich without ESG governance and diversity boards and equity programs…?Bill Bonner:That was before the foundation of the Federal Reserve. I mean, how did they know what interest rates to charge? They were building in the early 19th century here in Baltimore. They had huge factories. They made things, made things that they exported out of profit. How did they know how to do that without the feds showing them what interest rates to charge and so on, without the Fed printing money to stimulate them? Nobody stimulated them at all. They were stimulated by the desire to make money I guess. And they did quite well with it in that. But now we have, thank God, we have the Fed to stimulate the economy when it's needed to support the stock market when it seems to be falling and to provide us with the interest rates that we need. How they know what interest rates we need has never been clarified. But that's one of mysteries of the Fed.Joel Bowman:Yes, we certainly couldn't rely on the market for any, shall we say, “self stimulation”?Bill Bonner:NoJoel Bowman:Top down only. Speaking of which, that dovetails into news this week of, I don't know whether you would call him our colleague, but another economic luminary, Mr. Ben Bernanke, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in economics earlier this week. This of course is the man who had the “courage to act," at least according to himself, and who saved us from “not having an economy on Monday” as he warned us with such certainty...Bill Bonner:October the fifth, 2008. He went before Congress and he said, Look, if you guys don't pass this act, which I think was what was known as the TALF Act, it was a lot of spending to try to stimulate the economy, that if you don't pass this, we may not have an economy on Monday. He was talking on Friday. And thank God he rose to the challenge and showed that courage to act because otherwise we still wouldn't have an economy.Joel Bowman:Incredible. It does seem so "through the looking glass," the up is down back is forwards, when we see that not only did the man who failed to foresee the bubbles that had been created during the Greenspan era and that had led to these enormous imbalances and malinvestments, in particular the housing market. I remember yourself writing about huge irregularities in the mortgage back securities markets and Eric Fry writing about that. Our colleague Dan Denning was on the case of course. So it seemed like everybody except Federal Reserve economists were on the case. What does it say that 14 years later, having stimulated, it seems now, an even a larger bubble, that we not only look back and have not learned our lesson, we're gifting the guy the highest prize there is in the dismal science?Bill Bonner:Well, I think those people at the Nobel Committee must have a sense of humor. That's all I can think of.Joel Bowman:That's big sense of humor.Bill Bonner:They're either very dumb or very cynical. And I'm not sure which it is because Ben Bernanke, if you remember that time, he was wrong about everything. And no major issue came to him that he was not wrong about it. He was the one who said the subprime problem before the crisis of 2008, the subprime problem crisis was "contained." Of course it wasn't contained at all. He had all these things that were idiotic, like zero rates. He came up with that QE, he didn't invent it, it was the Japanese who developed it. But a lot of these things which now we see clearly are the cause, the proximate cause, not the only cause, but the proximate cause of our inflation and our economy, which is now melting down in order to try to contain inflation, those stemmed from policies put in place by Ben Bernanke. And not the only one because Janet Yellen kept doing the same thing and Powell came along and followed right in their footsteps.But for the Nobel Committee to award him a Nobel Prize is really quite remarkable. And it calls into question our whole elite process. Why do they think that he should get a prize for that? And then to have the hubris, the conceit, the unmitigated gall to write a book called The Courage to Act. I thought it was a joke when I first heard about it. I said, no sensible person would do that. Even if he believed that he had the courage to act, even if he believed that he had saved the economy, you still wouldn't put it out there. That makes you sound like an utter fool. What it does is it invites the wrath of the gods. There's someone way up there they must be after him. Now I don't know what they're going to do, but they're going to be after him.Joel Bowman:Pride before the fall. And for a man with a legacy unblemished by, as you said, a single success in the real world. So it does beg a lot of questions. But let's fast forward then 14 years after that fateful October Friday to where we are presently. And as you look across the landscape, I know you spent a lot of time down here in Argentina and then split between both sides of the Atlantic. When you look forward to what has happened in Argentina, they've been at the forefront of every boneheaded economic and financial policy known to man, real pioneers in the dismal art. When you look from here to where you are now in the United States, you look over to what's happening with the Bank of England or in the Japanese bond market. It does seem that there are enough signs that sort of point to this time maybe actually being different and this time maybe being the end of what you and Dan and our colleague Tom Dyson have called the Greatest Financial Experiment in History?Bill Bonner:Well, I think that's exactly right and I think people are having a very hard time coming to grips with it. Even people in the financial industry, they're so used to what they think as 'normal.' I was just speaking to some of my colleagues here in Baltimore about it and trying to explain it from my standpoint. And I realized that everybody I was talking to was born after 1980. I mean they were literally not born in any time other than the boom that we have known for the last 40 years. In 1980, of course then Paul Volker got control of inflation. Interest rates came down ever since. And there were a lot of things going on. Most important was the entry of like 500 million Chinese people into the market. And those people produced things at a low price.But for these people, I'm talking about people who were born after 1980, it's very hard to get to understand that the whole circumstance of your life, the whole circumstance of your life has been phony. Faith been synced up by the Federal Reserve to give the impression that everything is always up. The stocks and financial advisors will tell you this to these young financial advisors say, Well yeah, stocks go down, but they always go back up. And so what you have to do is buy the dip. Now they're all out there looking for the bottom. The bottom is the point in which they don't go down anymore. Now they're going to go up, so you got to buy. And they have these charts and graphs that show that you buy it every dip, it always goes up.But it's not that simple at all. If you had bought stocks in 1966, which was a good year for a stock market, you would've held them for the next 16 years until 1982 really. And the prices would've been about the same. But because inflation was happening, you would've lost 75% of your money. That was a long time to lose 75% of your money. And to talk to somebody and say, Well, you just hold on, they'll go back up. Well maybe they'll go back up, but it could be after you're dead. You're not going to have an infinite amount of time here.And so there are times in history, and I think this is the key point, that if you look at anybody who is telling you they have a good track record, and of course that's everybody. And in the financial industry, they boast about what they've done and so on. All of that happened during a very special time which no longer exists. Now that's a hard thing to under for anybody to understand. And it's not that I'm saying, by the way, I'm not saying this is a new era. I'm saying this is the old era. What we've been through in mostly the last 10 years. But you could stretch it and explain that whole 40 year period was a grotesque and unusual series of things that came together, mostly including federal money printing by the Fed and QE and all the other things that they were doing. And that era is over and it ended in 2021. It ended when the bond market turned around, when actually it was 2020, it's the end of 2020. The bond market turned. When that happened, that was the end.And since then nothing has worked very well because the fundamental aspect of our financial lives is altered. And it no longer is a market with falling interest rates. It's no longer a market that the Fed can support by driving interest rates lower. It's a different world in which now the Fed is battling inflation. And once it decides not to battle inflation anymore, which I think it will, then you're going to see worse inflation. So that won't be like the period from 1980 to 2020. Not at all. It's going to be a whole different world with a different battle going on that'll be very hard to understand. And people say, Well, your stocks are going to go up. Well, they probably are going to go up, but they're going to go up like they did in Zimbabwe. They're going to go up like they did in Venezuela and like they did in Argentina. All of those markets were once the world's top performers. But when you adjust for the inflation, they were going down, it gets more complicated.And by the way, you have the advantage of being in the most complicated place in the world financially. And the Argentines learned to do these calculations. They have the blue dollar and they have the black dollar and they have the white dollar and they have the soy dollar. I'm not sure what that is. But now they have a new dollar. Did you know this as of yesterday, the Qatar dollar?Joel Bowman:Oh, I haven't heard about the Qatar dollar...Bill Bonner:The World Cup is taking place in Qatar and for Argentines who want to go, they have a special exchange rate.Joel Bowman:That's very interesting because I know I was aware, of course having lived here over the last dozen or so years, that we do have a dollar for every color of the rainbow and every gender you can imagine and pesos down here, they self-identify as all kinds of things. But I was made sort of brutally aware when I was on vacation just a couple of weeks ago to Brazil, I had forgotten that there is a clawback tax. This is part of the capital controls that happen here when you use an Argentine credit card abroad. I made the mistake of just handing it over for a hotel payment and then getting home to see my receipt and realizing that I'd had it sort of an extra 40 or 50% clawed back out of my account by the state. But this is the kind of shenanigans that happens when inflation gets out of hand.Bill Bonner:People, they find ways to try to obscure it, try to disguise it, try to eliminate it, but in doing everything but the one thing that really will work, right? They want to control prices. Now they're talking about controlling gas prices and states are providing people with extra money. There are all kinds of things and people find to try to overcome the fundamental reality of rising prices. And as in Argentina, they don't work, they never work.Joel Bowman:But it doesn't stop them from trying.So let's go back a little further then, because I was speaking to somebody just yesterday about this, it's a common kind of rejoinder to this narrative that we present in at Bonnet Rrivate Research, and that is where people say, Well, we've seen this before. It was the 1970s. Look, we had an oil embargo where a major oil producing block took supply off the global markets. We had the Nixon shocks, we had double digit inflation, it was runaway. And then we got Volker, and he marched in and whipped everyone into shape. And then as you said, then we're off to the races for the next 20, 40 odd years, rather. So what about today is different fundamentally than that seventies landscape that people think will just kind of, well, we'll muddle through and then we'll be off for another to a moonshot again?Bill Bonner:Well, the fundamental difference is 30 trillion dollars. The federal debt in 1980 was one trillion. Actually, it was below, it was actually 900 billion, below a trillion. Now it's 31 trillion, 30 times as much. That's the fundamental difference. And it's added to, it's not just the federal debt, it's also private debt, household debt, corporate debt, all at record levels. So they take them together and the whole sum of debt in America now is about 90 trillion. And what happens is, in this process of rates going up to bring things back to normal, the cost of all that debt goes up. And you soon realize that you can't pay it. That is not going to work.And that's what happened just two weeks ago in England when the traders saw what was happening and they were bidding up the yields, which is to say they're bidding down the prices on UK government bonds. And pretty soon all those big institutions, the pension funds, they rely on the price of those bonds to make their numbers work. And then suddenly it became clear they weren't going to work. And so the bank had to intervene. The Bank of England intervened with support stimulation, whatever you call it. They were buying bonds in order to save them from bankruptcy.And so what I suspect, I expect, this is what you call a high probability hunch, that the US is in the same situation, really even a worse situation in some ways. And as the Fed stays the course raises rates to try to get ahead of inflation, as they do so, we're going to see some things like what we just saw in England that certain institutions, could be Goldman Sachs, it could be JP Morgan, it could be a state pension fund like CalPERS in California. They've got billions of dollars. And they have done the same thing because this theory was pitched to them by Goldman Sachs of what they call LDI, which was matching your liabilities to some long-term goal. But what it really meant was they were ratcheting up the risk in order to try to improve the results. You can do that if you're a young speculator. But if you're managing the pension funds for a lot of retirees, that is practically criminal.So what's going to happen is somebody's going to get in big trouble and suddenly there's going to be that meltdown crisis on Wall Street in which the Powell and his fellow bankers, they really are part of a banking cartel in order to save themselves and their clients and their members Wall Street itself, they're going to say, Well, okay, that was a good idea. We need to get control of inflation, but not right now. Now we have to save the system because otherwise it'll go totally bad. I would say again, a high probability hunch is that that's going to happen and we're going to see a pivot from the central bank because they just owe too much.So your question was what's the difference now than from 1980? Well, the difference is all of that debt that they didn't have. Volker could raise rates to 20%. He could do that. He was condemned. He practically had to have an armed guard. People were threatening his life. But he could do that because America could afford it. Also, by the way, in 1980, it might have been 1979, stocks had already been squeezed so hard by inflation that they were already very, very cheap. They're not yet very, very cheap here. So we have a lot to lose. Trillions of dollars still to lose till we get there.By the way, we like to measure things in terms of gold, and in terms of gold, for a brief time you could buy the entire 30 Dow Jones industrial stocks for one single ounce of gold. And today, what is it? 18. What we're looking at is a totally different situation in which we have high deficit. The deficit was announced just yesterday for the current year of 1.4 trillion dollars. And this is at a year without really a crisis. A crisis hasn't appeared yet. They're running huge deficits. The debt is multiplying even without them. And we're in a situation where we can no longer continue on this course of action.And so what will happen, I believe is we'll see something will come up, some Lehman Brothers moment as they say on Wall Street will happen. And then the Federal Reserve will be forced to change towards inflation. And once that happens, it'll be the next stage. The stage we're in now is deflation. We're deflating all of those, a lot of those promises, obligations, debts and so on from the bubble era. That will go on until it becomes really painful and then they'll start inflating it again.Joel Bowman:And so this is what sets the backdrop for something that Richard Russell wrote about maybe 10 or 12 years ago. But it's the idea, and Tom Dyson of course has written about it over on our Substack page as well, and that is the idea of "cash now gold later." So gold after the pivot when hyperinflation, is off to the races...Bill Bonner:And we see so far that advice has been very, very good. Nobody really took it totally because it just felt awkward. We saw inflation running at 8%. So who wants to hold cash when inflation is running at 8%? But in fact dollars have ended up being the best investment so far this year. As long as we're in the deflation stage, you want cash and after the deflation stage you want something else. Probably gold, maybe stocks, stocks go up too. But you have to adjust that price by inflation, which is then out of control for the foreseeable future. That is going to be a different world. And that's a world that you probably know better than anyone because the inflation of Argentina is about 90%.Joel Bowman:Officially 90%. I tell my friends down here that Americans and Brits and Australians are worrying about 9% inflation. And they asked me to repeat myself, Sorry, did you say nine? We would kill for a 9% inflation. That would be a day in the sun for them.And so from then, from the past and the setup to where we think we are right now, I was speaking with our colleague last week, Mr. Byron King, and he and I spoke a little bit about the end of these three cheap abundant stimulants of this modern world that we've all come to just take for granted. Certainly in the last 40 years, and you've alluded to a couple of them already. But we've coming to the end, through various geopolitical kerfuffles and conflicts, of cheap energy. And we've outlined this over at Bonner Private Research. This feeds into our trade of the decade, which is long conventional energy. But that whole era of cheap, reliable local gas from various places seems to be coming to an end. This era of mass produced manufactured goods and tight supply chains unruffled by policies or global lockdowns, that seems now to be coming to an end. And of course as you've spoken about, we have potentially the end, at least for the foreseeable future, of cheap and available funny money, cheap and available discounted credit.Where do we go exactly from here? And I mean is it time to just build a bunker and buy gold and do nothing? I mean, how does the average person live through this if they're in that state of mind?Bill Bonner:One thing that we learned from the Argentine example is that you can live with inflation at a fairly high level. And this is not the first time they've done it in Argentina. You can live, but you can't live very well. The economy falls apart and you need to have protection from the local currency, which of course is what you do and what foreigners in Buenos Ares do because they operate on dollars rather than pesos, not prisoners of the local peso economy. And in a larger scale, when the economy turns around with the pivot on the Fed and more inflation in the US, that will be a similar reality in America, which you will not want to be dependent on the dollar completely, which is why you'll probably want to move assets into things which are not dollar dependent like gold, minerals, real things, timber. I'd like to be in the timber business. It looks good to me. Farming, a lot of things which are real and don't depend entirely on the value of the dollar. So I think that's where you're going to end up.It's not the end of the world by the way, no, it is not the end of the world if things go on, but they get more confusing. And they get a lot more confusing and people don't know what to do or what to make of them. And that's where you get the real problems because they feel cheated, and they are cheated. The whole idea of inflation is to cheat people. And so the guy who's worked all of his life, he's expecting his pension and his pension comes in and he realizes it's only worth half what he thought it was going to be worth. That guy gets pretty mad and he justifiably he gets angry and next thing you know he's out on the street or voting for somebody that he probably shouldn't vote for or whatever. People look for solutions. They want solutions. That's when they turn to the guy who has the easy solution. And that guy is almost always a fraudster.So it's a problem. And you get a big breakdown in society. Argentina, they had that inflation of, I'm not sure if it was the eighties, which ended up in the generals taking charge and military dictatorship was very common. In Venezuela you have that puppet government. I don't know what the world they are doing, but the guy Madura said that he had a crow or something on his shoulder who was whispering in his ear channeling the Chavez who was dead.Joel Bowman:Sounds as reasonable. Maybe we should get the Nobel Committee to give that guy a prize for telepathy from the great beyond or something.So speaking of the end of world and real assets, I promised our friend and our colleague Diego Samper that we would mention the solution to all of life's problems, all of the above. And that is your latest harvest of Tacana wine from your ranch down here up in the northern reaches of Argentina. I don't know how many people have looked at this on a map, but it's way up there in the north, right up close to the Bolivian border and it's really extreme country. We've been up there, we've been up there a few times.Bill Bonner:As you say, the solution begins with that popping of the cork.Joel Bowman:Around 6:00 PMBill Bonner:That's the most pleasant sound of the day. You pour yourself a drink and here in the autumn, here in Maryland, in the autumn, recently it's been chilly enough. So I just had a little fire in the fireplace, and at six o'clock I sit in front of the fire with a glass of Malbec and for a while it doesn't seem too bad.Joel Bowman:Yeah, it's palliative. So tell readers who haven't maybe experienced it yet the difference between, and I've spoken to Will, your son Will Bonner about this, the difference between what you can expect from a high altitude Malbec grown in really unique and extreme conditions and the watery diluted over sugared dyed stuff you might pick up at the supermarket.Bill Bonner:You stole my thunder there. But that is the difference that the high altitude, what it's doing is it the extremes between day and night. And the extremes between day and night require a thick skin to survive. And so the grapes grown at that elevation, they tend to have these very thick skins, and in the skins is all the flavor. So when you get that, the high altitude, not just our place, but any place in the valley, because we're in the valley which is the highest in the world for wine. You get wine that is very strong. And some people don't like it because it's too strong, but you get used to it soon enough and then everything else seems weak. When I drink my own Malbec, I feel like, well, there's real wine and everything else seems to be an imitation.Joel Bowman:Well I think “having a thick skin to last one through” is probably a good point to end our powwow today, Bill. I'm not sure where we're going to catch up next, but I hope there's a glass of high altitude Malbec involved in it and we can get a front row seat to whatever it is about to happen next in this passing parade.Bill Bonner:Well thank you Joel. It's been a pleasure.Joel Bowman:Yeah, thank you Bill. Cheers.P.S. Readers and or listeners wishing to grab a few bottles of high altitude Malbec will want to be nimble. Bill doesn't sell his Tacana bottles to supermarkets or restaurants, but instead directly to his dear readers… like you! But they typically sell out pretty quickly. If there's any left by the time you read this, you be able to secure your supplies here. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit bonnerprivateresearch.substack.com/subscribe

In today's episode for 12th October 2022, we see why the Nobel Committee awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences to Bernanke, Diamond and Dybvig.

The Smart 7 Ireland Edition is the daily news podcast that gives you everything you need to know in 7 minutes, at 7am, 7 days a week… Consistently appearing in Ireland's Daily News charts, we're a trusted source for people every day. If you're enjoying it, please follow, share or even post a review, it all helps… Today's episode includes references to the following guests: Svante Pääbo - Director of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary AnthropologyProfessor Anna Wedell - Chair of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or MedicineDerrick Williams - DW News Senior Science CorrespondentClare Wilson - PhD candidate at Queen's University BelfastBeyza Ustun - Postgraduate researcher at the University of Durham Dr Elizabeth Shadwick - Team Leader for Ocean Carbon Observations at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationDr Cateryn Wynn-Edwards - Researcher from the Institute for Marine and Arctic StudiesAlex Agius Saliba - Member of the European ParliamentRichard Waters - West Coast Tech Editor at Financial TimesDr Federica Bertochini - Molecular biologist at the Spanish Research Council Contact us over at Twitter or visit www.thesmart7.com Presented by Ciara Revins, written by Oliva Davies and Liam Thompson and produced by Daft Doris. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The Smart 7 is a daily podcast that gives you everything you need to know in 7 minutes, at 7 am, 7 days a week... With over 11 million downloads and consistently charting, including as No. 1 News Podcast on Spotify, we're a trusted source for people every day. If you're enjoying it, please follow, share, or even post a review, it all helps... Today's episode includes the following guests: Svante Pääbo - Director of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary AnthropologyProfessor Anna Wedell - Chair of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or MedicineDerrick Williams - DW News Senior Science CorrespondentClare Wilson - PhD candidate at Queen's University BelfastBeyza Ustun - Postgraduate researcher at the University of Durham Dr Elizabeth Shadwick - Team Leader for Ocean Carbon Observations at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationDr Cateryn Wynn-Edwards - Researcher from the Institute for Marine and Arctic StudiesAlex Agius Saliba - Member of the European ParliamentRichard Waters - West Coast Tech Editor at Financial TimesDr Federica Bertochini - Molecular biologist at the Spanish Research Council In Ireland? Why not try our Ireland Edition? Contact us over at Twitter or visit www.thesmart7.com Presented by Jamie East, written by Olivia Davies and produced by Daft Doris. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the Russian human rights organization "Memorial", the Belarusian human rights activist, chairman of the "Viasna" center Ales Byalyatsky and the Ukrainian organization "Center for the Rise of Freedom". How did the officials react to the decision of the Nobel Committee? - Нобелевская премия мира присуждена российской правозащитной организации "Мемориал", белорусскому правозащитнику, председателю центра "Вясна" Алесю Беляцкому и украинской организации "Центр гражданских свобод". Как отреагировани на решение Нобелевского комитета лауреаты и официальные лица, а также о работе общества "Мемориал" слушайте в нашем подкасте.

The winners of this year's Nobel Peace Prize are recognized, the Nobel Committee said, for years of protecting the fundamental rights of citizens in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus.

Our US Analyst and Writer friend, Charles Ortel, warns people to be cautious about believing everything the Western media and politicians feed you, on a number of issues. Winter is coming, and with hardly any independent and unbiased reporters in the MSM, he urges us to hold our bets. Nevertheless, prepare for a tough winter! We pass quickly on the Nobel Peace Prize of this year, but both Charles Ortel and Geir Furuseth are happy the Nobel Committee didn't award it to a sitting president, as in 2009… Neither Russia, Ukraine or the US have yet reached the levels of IS, but we still remember the words of Dwight D. Eisenhower from January 17th, 1961. As we peer into society's future, we – you and I, and our government – must avoid the impulse to live only for today, plundering for our own ease and convenience the precious resources of tomorrow. We cannot mortgage the material assets of our grandchildren without risking the loss also of their political and spiritual heritage. We want democracy to survive for all generations to come, not to become the insolvent phantom of tomorrow.    Don't forget Charles Ortel's own shows on YouTube. Every Wednesday and Sunday! www.youtube.com/channel/UCHAfFKucq9GNLp0_5G18rIg Doc-TV International also upload international content on Odysee. Please follow us on Odysee, select and follow our DocTV international channel, and share these broadcasts so we can reach an even broader audience!  

Who will win this year's Nobel Prize in literature? And what—beyond literary excellence—does the award stand for? On episode 54 of The Politics of Everything, hosts Laura Marsh and Alex Pareene talk with Alex Shephard, a staff writer at The New Republic and an inveterate Nobel watcher, about the enigmatic politics of the oldest and most distinguished literary prize in the world. Will the Nobel Committee salute freedom of speech by honoring Salman Rushdie, who was brutally attacked onstage in August? Will it recognize the French memoirist Annie Ernaux, who has written movingly about illegal abortion? How apparent have the Nobel's politics been over the years—and who definitely won't win? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

My conversation with Elie Wiesel -- Holocaust survivor, author, and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize -- was recorded in 2013 for the 20th anniversary of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial and Museum. Our wide-ranging conversation includes memories of his childhood village in Hungary, his experience in the Nazi death camps, and his reflections on humor and friendship. The Nobel Committee, when awarding Wiesel the Peace Prize, stated: "Wiesel is a messenger to mankind: his message is one of peace, atonement and human dignity . . . ." The Committee cited Wiesel's "belief that the forces fighting evil in the world can be victorious . . . ." I like to think Wavemaker Conversations is where curiosity meets hope. And I believe that this conversation with Elie Wiesel takes us to that place.

My conversation with Elie Wiesel -- Holocaust survivor, author, and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize -- was recorded in 2013 for the 20th anniversary of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial and Museum. Our wide-ranging conversation includes memories of his childhood village in Hungary, his experience in the Nazi death camps, and his reflections on humor and friendship. The Nobel Committee, when awarding Wiesel the Peace Prize, stated: "Wiesel is a messenger to mankind: his message is one of peace, atonement and human dignity . . . ." The Committee cited Wiesel's "belief that the forces fighting evil in the world can be victorious . . . ." I like to think Wavemaker Conversations is where curiosity meets hope. And I believe that this conversation with Elie Wiesel takes us to that place.

Wangari Maathai, Wangari Muta Maathai wurde am 01. April 1940 in  Nyeri (Kenia) geboren und verstarb am 25. September 2011 in Nairobi. Sie wuchs in bescheidenen Verhältnissen auf dem Land auf. Ihr Vater lebte polygam und hatte zehn Kinder. Wangaris Glück war, dass Missionarsschwestern ihr Talent und Ehrzeig erkannten und förderten sie.Kurze Fakten zu Wangari Maathai:Wangari Maathai ist die erste Afrikanerin, die den Friedens-Nobelpreis erhält, der damit auch erstmals zweimal hintereinander einer Frau verliehen wurde. Aber damit allein nicht genug: Sie ist...die erste promovierte Frau in Ostafrikaersten Dekanin eines Universitäts-FachbereichsPräsidentin von Kenias Nationalem Frauenratstellvertretende Ministerin für Umweltschutz.Ihr gegen das autoritäre Regime des kenianischen Präsidenten Daniel arap Moi geführte Kampf für mehr Frauenrechte, Umweltschutz und Demokratie kostete sie mehrere Inhaftierungen und Misshandlungen.Aus den USA und Norwegen erhielt sie drei Ehrendoktor-Titelist Mutter dreier Kinder (Waweru, Wanjira und Muta). Ihr Mann ließ sich von ihr scheiden – mit der Begründung, sie sei “zu gebildet, zu erfolgreich, und zu schwer zu kontrollieren.”Mehr erfahrt ihr in dieser Episode.Genannte Links:http://www.greenbeltmovement.org/http://www.greenbeltmovement.org/wangari-maathai/biographyhttps://www.fembio.org/biographie.php/frau/biographie/wangari-maathai/***************#starkefrauen #frauen #podcast #podcasts #podcastdeutsch #frauenstärkenfrauen #starkefrauenunterstützenfrauen #afrika #greenbeltmovement #naturschutz #umweltschutz #keniaFoto Credit: Kenyan environmental activist Wangai Maathai holding up her 2004 Nobel Peace Prize commendation. Date: 6 December 2004; Source: https://thinkafrica.net/wangari-maathai-a-professor-an-environmentalist-and-an-inspiration/Author: Nobel Committee Möchtest Du Cathrin oder Kim auf einen Kaffee einladen und dafür die Episoden werbefrei hören? Dann klicke auf den folgenden Link: https://plus.acast.com/s/starke-frauen. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In the 1970s a new method of helping the poorest people in the world emerged: microlending. The idea is to give the very poorest people, those who live on less than two dollars per day, very small loans they can use to start businesses and serve their community. Thanks to the power of success stories and anecdotes of those helped by microlending, the idea caught on with philanthropists and governments in the west. The concept enjoyed the full throated endorsement of the Clintons, The Nobel Committee, the United Nations, and experts working in global development. But a dark side of microlending quickly emerged. Some loans came with unreasonably high interest rates. Certain microlending institutions harassed and threatened those who couldn't pay. Some of those who received small loans found themselves trapped in a debt spiral. The indebted even committed suicide to escape the loan. While this was going on, some owners of microfinance ventures profited to the tune of millions of dollars. In the 2010s, multiple studies began to discover that the benefits of microlending as a poverty cure were vastly oversold. Microloans could in fact improve a community's economic base in certain situations. But they cannot and will not end poverty entirely, as its advocates claimed decades earlier. How did the most powerful, wealthy, and influential people in the world buy into the exaggerated promises of microlending? This is a 10-part series brought to you by the QAA podcast. To get access to all upcoming episodes of Trickle Down as well as a new premium QAA episode every week, go sign up for $5 a month at patreon.com/qanonanonymous Written by Travis View. Theme by Nick Sena (https://nicksenamusic.com). Additional music by Pontus Berghe & Nick Sena. Editing by Corey Klotz. REFERENCES Banerjee, Abhijit and Duflo, Esther (2011) Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty Bateman, Milford (2010) Why Doesn't Microfinance Work: The Destructive Rise of Local Neoliberalism Edited by Bateman, Milford and Maclean, Kate (2017) Seduced and Betrayed: Exposing the Contemporary Microfinance Phenomenon Collina, Daryl et al (2009) Portfolios of the Poor: How The World's Poor Live on $2 a Day Meyerowitz, Joanne (2021) A War on Global Poverty: The Lost Promise of Redistribution and the Rise of Microcredit Rahman, Aminur (1999) Micro-credit Initiatives for Equitable and Sustainable Development: Who Pays? http://users.nber.org/~rdehejia/!@$devo/Lecture%2006%20Microcredit/extra/RAHMAN,%20A.%20Micro-credit%20initiatives%20for%20equitable%20and%20sustainable%20development%20who%20pays.pdf

In 2021, Dr. David Julius and Dr. Ardem Patapoutian won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for their discoveries related to temperature and touch receptors. In this episode, Dr. Rose Hill and Dr. Robert Bonin introduce us to this topic of  sensory perception, specifically touch and pain. Dr. Bonin describes how we experience pain, delving into acute vs chronic pain, thresholds to pain, and the distinction between nociception and pain. Dr. Hill also shares about her experience being in Dr. Patapoutian's Nobel winning lab, and her work on the perception of itch. Additionally, we get a deeper look into the inner workings of the Nobel Prize, as Dr. Abdel El Manira shares about his time on the Nobel Committee and the inner workings of the Nobel. Join us on this episode, as we unravel touch and the Nobel Prize.    Written by: Veena Sanmugananthan   Links Discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch Bonin Lab UofT Centre for the Study of Pain Dr. Hill profile A trio of ion channels takes the heat Profile of 2021 Nobel Prize winners

Episode 7 of Mixtape: the Podcast. I interview Josh Angrist, winner of the 2021 Nobel Prize in economics, Ford professor of economics at MIT, and director of the MIT Blueprint Labs. In this interview, we discuss a range of topics such as being bored and aimless as a young man, his time in the Israeli army as a paratrooper, his time at the 1980s Princeton Industrial Labor Relations group, his collaborations with fellow Nobel laureate Guido Imbens and the late Alan Krueger, as well as the econometric contributions he made to our understanding of causal inference and instrumental variables for which the Nobel Committee awarded him the prize. A pioneer in many ways who through his scholarship, mentoring, and proselytizing of causal inference and applied methodology, Josh Angrist is arguably one of the most important figures in empirical microeconomics of the last 50 years and a delightful person to interview.

Episode 7 of Mixtape: the Podcast. I interview Josh Angrist, winner of the 2021 Nobel Prize in economics, Ford professor of economics at MIT, and director of the MIT Blueprint Labs. In this interview, we discuss a range of topics such as being bored and aimless as a young man, his time in the Israeli army as a paratrooper, his time at the 1980s Princeton Industrial Labor Relations group, his collaborations with fellow Nobel laureate Guido Imbens and the late Alan Krueger, as well as the econometric contributions he made to our understanding of causal inference and instrumental variables for which the Nobel Committee awarded him the prize. A pioneer in many ways who through his scholarship, mentoring, and proselytizing of causal inference and applied methodology, Josh Angrist is arguably one of the most important figures in empirical microeconomics of the last 50 years and a delightful person to interview. Get full access to Scott's Substack at causalinf.substack.com/subscribe

Welcome to December 10, 2021 on the National Day Calendar. Today we celebrate with a toast to Summer and those who change the world.    If you are already chasing the midwinter blues, raise your spirits with a light Summer beer: the lager. Lagers are distinguished from other beers by their cold-conditioning process. They are made with “bottom-fermenting” yeast that can develop at colder temperatures. Before the advent of refrigeration, brewers perfected this process in cellars dug into the ground that were filled with ice. The delicious results are often described as “crisp” and “refreshing.” With so many choices from pale, amber or dark to several craft varieties, you will likely add lager to your list of favorite things. On National Lager Day, grab your friends and celebrate the midwinter season with the taste of Summer.   At the age of 17, Alfred Nobel spoke five languages fluently. This was only the beginning of the young man's accomplishments. Through the course of his life, Nobel amassed a fortune from his 87 businesses and 355 patents worldwide, including the patent for dynamite. In his third and last will, Nobel stated that the money should be given away to those who had done their best to benefit mankind. Each annual prize would recognize the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. Though it took nearly five years after his passing, the Nobel Committee has awarded these prizes every year since 1901. On Nobel Prize Day, we celebrate the generosity of Alfred Nobel and those who continue to make the world a better place.  I'm Anna Devere and I'm Marlo Anderson. Thanks for joining us as we Celebrate Every Day. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

October 11, 1995. Professor Mario Molina is at his desk at MIT when he gets a long distance call from Sweden. It's the Nobel Committee, telling him he's won that year's prize in chemistry, making this chemistry prize the first awarded to a Mexican-born scientist and the first recognizing environmental science work. The Nobel Committee thanks Molina and the other winners for having "contributed to our salvation from a global environmental problem that could have catastrophic consequences." How did two scientists with no background in atmospheric chemistry identify a dangerous, invisible reaction that was putting the planet in peril? And why was the whole world able to pull together to prevent the worst?Special thanks to our guests, Don Blake, Richard Stolarski, and A.R. Ravishankara, and to the Science History Institute for sharing its oral history interview with Mario Molina. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

This week the Nobel Committee awarded Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov the Nobel peace prize for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression. Ressa and her attorney, international human rights lawyer Amal Clooney, join Fareed to discuss why fighting for a free press is essential in maintaining healthy functional democracies around the world. Then: on Wednesday, Taiwan's defense minister said that tensions with China are at their worst in 40 years, Fareed talks to former U.S. national security advisor Lt. General H.R. McMaster (Ret.) about the tense relationship between China and Taiwan and why the U.S. and its partners in the region need to aid Taiwan. As the northern hemisphere enters the winter months, the next energy crisis seems to be looming on the horizon. Tom Friedman, New York Times columnist, explains why there needs to be a global comprehensive energy plan that shifts to cleaner fuels. Plus, Fareed's book “10 Lessons for a Post-Pandemic World” comes out in paperback with a new afterword where he reflects on one more important lesson that he learned during the latter part of the pandemic: how individuals need to build inner resources of mind and spirit.   GUESTS: Maria Ressa, Amal Clooney, H.R. McMaster, Tom Friedman   To learn more about how CNN protects listener privacy, visit cnn.com/privacy

Dmitry Muratov, the editor-in-chief of the independent Russian newspaper Novaya Gazeta, has won this year's Nobel Peace Prize, sharing the award with Maria Ressa, the CEO of Rappler, a news outlet critical of Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte's anti-drug campaign. Ressa and Muratov were honored "for their courageous fight for freedom of expression in the Philippines and Russia." The Norwegian Nobel Committee credited Ressa with "using freedom of expression to expose abuse of power, use of violence, and growing authoritarianism in the Philippines" and recognized Muratov for "decades [of defending] freedom of speech in Russia under increasingly challenging conditions." "They are representatives of all journalists who stand up for this ideal in a world in which democracy and freedom of the press face increasingly adverse conditions," the Nobel Committee explained in its prize announcement. Original Article: https://meduza.io/en/feature/2021/10/09/russia-s-first-post-soviet-peace-prize-winner

The Nobel Committee often likes to make a statement when it awards the Nobel Peace Prize every year, and 2021 is no different. Two journalists, one from the Philippines, the other from Russia, were recipients -- at a time when the free press is under global attack, and the truth is hard to find. Nick Schifrin reports. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

The Nobel Committee often likes to make a statement when it awards the Nobel Peace Prize every year, and 2021 is no different. Two journalists, one from the Philippines, the other from Russia, were recipients -- at a time when the free press is under global attack, and the truth is hard to find. Nick Schifrin reports. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Because Kamala Harris has been made responsible for solving the southern border mess and still has not gone to the Border to look at the problems (which Biden caused), Rep. Lauren Boebert (R-CO) took a life-size cutout of Harris to McAllen, TX to explain to “her” the problems on the border. Louis Avallone and Stephen Parr agree that with all crises and serious problems, the person responsible for solving the situation must go look at it in person — something George W. Bush learned the hard way flying over Katrina instead of going in person.The Nobel Peace Prize really should be awarded only to people who actually did bring about Peace in the World…..not to people for “popular” political reasons. Sometimes, the Nobel Committee messes up on this! Let's hope this time they do give it to someone who truly brought Peace to the Middle East.Our American Mamas, Teri Netterville and Denise Arthur, are dismayed. NYC practicing psychiatrist, Dr. Aruna Khilanani, is quoted as saying, “There are no good apples out there. White people make my blood boil.” She further declared, “I had fantasies of unloading a revolver into the head of any white person that got in my way, burying their body and wiping my bloody hands as I walked away relatively guiltless with a bounce in my step, like I did the world a favor,” adding an expletive. A perspective patient tweeted, “When I entered her office she put a revolver to my head and said I needed to play five rounds of Russian roulette before I could get an appointment.” It will be interesting to see of the State of New York lets Dr. Khilanani continue to practice psychiatry now that her talk at Yale University's School of Medicine is public. MSNBC contributor Mara Gay said she was very disturbed by seeing “dozens and dozens of pickup trucks with [expletives] against Joe Biden on the back of them, Trump flags, and, in some cases, just dozens of American flags, which is also just disturbing…” She further made the incredible declaration of Patriots and Trump supporters do not "own" the USA, saying, “Essentially, the message was clear ... This is my country. This is not your country. I own this.”The Democrats strongly believe Demographics are their destiny for power and control. They believe if enough people from enough blue states move to Texas, they can flip Texas blue. And by controlling Texas, they can control the Nation. Stephen Parr explains two different surveys show so many of those moving to Texas from other states, including blue states, are actually more conservative than the average Texan. Louis Avallone adds those moving to Texas are very happy with more FREEDOM in Texas than exists in blue, Democrat controlled states.We do not need a whole month to celebrate and to respect the individual choice of Gay Pride. This should be a personal choice made by a person with appropriate maturity. It is not appropriate to engage in efforts to indoctrinate children in any aspects of their sexuality when they are still young children. Let the children be children. Attacking WV Democrat Senator Joe Manchin, Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) tweeted, “Republicans have decided that the only way they can win is by preventing American citizens from voting. That should shock every American. But we can't just sit back and watch their power grab. We have to fight back for our democracy by passing the #ForThePeopleAct.” Well, class act Dan Crenshaw (R-TX) jumped in with his tweet, “Hey @jack, I think you're supposed to put a fact-check notice on these right? Since her claim isn't just “disputed or misleading”… but a blatant lie? Just wondering if those standards are the normal kind or the double kind?” Then, Crenshaw's former Democrat opponent (whom he defeated, thank goodness) jumped in with this tweet: “The reason you can't see the objective truth isn't because of your eyes; its because how far you have your nose up your Dear Leader's a$$.” Crenshaw responded with “Actually, it's just 'eye,' singular.” She ended up taking her tweeter account private, but not before others got screen shots of it!

EPISODE #65 - This Marvelous Motivating Monday – We celebrate Martin Luther King, Jr. (“MLK”).  We open with Stevie Wonder’s Happy Birthday Song and Chadwick Bozeman’s Class of 2018 Inspirational Graduation Speech followed by MLK’s Be Phenomenal Speech.  Pay attention to the blueprint of your life that he describes. Look up the meaning of 6, 5, and 65. Martin Luther King, Jr., (January 15, 1929-April 4, 1968) was born Michael Luther King, Jr., but later had his name changed to Martin. His grandfather began the family’s long tenure as pastors of the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, serving from 1914 to 1931; his father has served from then until the present, and from 1960 until his death Martin Luther acted as co-pastor.  The Nobel Peace Prize 1964 was awarded to Martin Luther King Jr. for his non-violent struggle for civil rights for the Afro-American population.  In a Presentation Speech by Gunnar Jahn, Chairman of the Nobel Committee on December 10, 1964, he concludes as follows:“If you will protest courageously and yet with dignity and Christian love, when the history books are written [in future generations], the historians will [have to pause and] say: “There lived a great people – a black people who injected new meaning and dignity into the veins of civilization.” This is our challenge and our overwhelming responsibility.”   WHAT DO YOU HAVE TO SAY?  LINKS BELOW FOR: APPLE, GOOGLE, PANDORA, AND SPOTIFY. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/ladiespromotingtransparentadvocacy/id1526382637https://www.pandora.com/podcast/ladiespromotingtransparentadvocacy/PC:52161?corr=17965216&part=ug&_branch_match_id=819557998249581330https://open.spotify.com/show/5x7xSxWi2wj2UXPsWnZ0cw?si=peGax6j6SIumBT5tq7_hhghttps://podcasts.google.com/?feed=aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkLnBvZGJlYW4uY29tL2xhZGllc3Byb21vdGluZ3RyYW5zcGFyZW50YWR2b2NhY3kvZmVlZC54bWw&ep=14Sources: Anglenumber.org,  My Tidal playlist https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/biographical/, Howard University 2018 Graduation Speech by Chadwick Bozeman for motivation,  Follow us on Twitter: @AdvocacyLadiesPodcast Email: podcasthostshapta19@gmail.comOrg. Email: Ladiespromotingtransparentadvo@gmail.comPodcast Call-in Line: 404-855-7723 

The Nobel Committee awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry Awarded to Developers of Lithium-Ion Batteries, John B. Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino this year. They share the prize. Developing lithium-ion batteries are the power sources that touched off a technological revolution that gave rise to cellphones and electric cars. Dr. Goodenough, age 97, gives few interviews. Planet Philadelphia was honored that he chose to give us an interview about his revolutionary new battery and the future of energy storage in 2017. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kay-wood9/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kay-wood9/support

Gösta Gahrton is Professor of Medicine at Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Sweden. He was Head of Hematology at Huddinge Hospital and Head of the Department of Medicine Karolinska Institutet, where he established one of the first bone marrow transplantation centers. Prof Gahrton has been a member and chairman of the Nobel Committee of the Karolinska Institutet.

Lecture on this year’s laureate by Berit Reiss-Andersen, Chair of the Nobel Committee.

Seamus Heaney called her "one of the great guerrillas of the imagination"; the Nobel Committee called her "a magnificent epic writer" and the Independent newspaper says she's "one of the world's greatest writers". Credits: Angie Kapelianis © SABC 2020. No unauthorised use, copying, adaptation or reproduction permitted without prior written consent of the SABC.

The Nobel Committee awarded the World Food Program a Nobel Peace Prize this month, for 2020. This is the UN system's 12th time winning the world's highest recognition for peace, and it comes as the UN celebrates its 75th anniversary this year. PassBlue contributor Clair MacDougall shares with us how David Beasley, the Executive Director of the WFP, reacted to finding out about the win on his tour of the Sahel region of Africa, and the significance of Nobel Committee's choice amid a global pandemic and the decline of multilateralism. Links: PassBlue's website: www.passblue.com Twitter: @pass_blue Facebook: @PassBlueUN Instagram: @passblue ----- Are you looking for a talk show featuring leading global voices? Do you want to learn more about how international issues directly affect people locally? Global Connections Television presents the insights of global influencers at-no-cost to viewers and programmers. GCTV is independently produced, and reaches more than 70 million potential viewers worldwide each week. The show covers everything from human rights to climate change, from peace and security to empowering women and girls. It features guests such Dr. Jane Goodall, former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Mary Robinson, and Peter Yarrow of “Peter, Paul and Mary.” The show also hosts expert voices from the private sector, academia, and labor and environmental movements. GCTV is available to public television media outlets, universities, and service clubs for distribution. To watch the show, visit www.globalconnectionstelevision.com. For more information, contact Bill Miller, the show’s host, at millerkyun@aol.com.

Well this made me nostalgic.  The first story I ever covered as a reporter… 40 years ago… a local guy won the Nobel Prize for Physics. The News Director says… go cover his conference.  Haha… and I’m sure nuff boss. So Cub Reporter Jeff… I go to the event — first question for this Princeton Professor Val Fitch…  Cub Reporter Jeff asks how’d you find out that you won? he says I got a phone call at 4 in the morning.   that’s why I’m nostalgic.   Other day they awareded the 2020 Nobel Prize for Physics.  Stanford Professor Pasyul Milgrom woulda gotten that call.  But the Nobel Committee in Sweden didn’t have his phone number.   So his neighbor… who shared the prize… rang his doorbell 2:15 amt with the news….and it was caught on the winner’s doorbell camwera.  Same exact reaction as the guy 40 years ago.  A monotonic “wow.”   By the way… the discovery 40 years ago was something we take for granted today.   Through a billion chalkboard scribblings straight out of a mad scientist movie… Val Fitch proved the Universe is Out of Whack.  It’s unbalanced.   Something 2020 proves to us every single day. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this second part of a two-episode series on the Nobel Prizes, we go into the Chemistry and Physics 2020 awarded to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna, for discovering one of gene technology's sharpest tools — the CRISPR/Cas9 “genetic scissors”. And for Physics, British mathematician-physicist Roger Penrose received half of this year's prize “for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity”, as the the Nobel Committee put it. German Reinhard Genzel and American Andrea Ghez received the second half of the prize “for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the center of our galaxy.” We explain the science behind both awards. Guest: T.V. Venkateshwaran, Science Communicator, Senior Scientist at Vigyan Prasar, New Delhi. Find the In Focus podcast on Spotify, Apple Podcasts and Stitcher. Search for In Focus by The Hindu. Write to us with comments and feedback at socmed4@thehindu.co.in

American poet and essayist Louise Glück is this year's winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature. We take a look at the author's signature themes of family, mythology and loss through her poem "The Drowned Children". Meanwhile, the passing of fashion visionary Kenzo Takada has prompted tributes from all over the world, with peers pointing out how he revolutionised Paris catwalks with his sense of fun and deconstructed forms.

Amanda Christensen, ideaXme guest contributor, fake news and deepfake researcher and Marketing Manager at Cubaka, interviews Dan Mapes, PhD, MBA co-founder of VERSES.io and co-author of The Spatial Web: How Web 3.0 Will Connect Humans, Machines, and AI to Transform the World. Amanda Christensen Comments: We've come a long way since the invention of the internet, and even further since the invention of the first computer, which together have undeniably significantly facilitated everyday life. We have never had access to more information at the touch of our fingers, or been more connected than we are now. However, the exponential advancement of the internet has brought along with it a whole host of problems, such as the rampant spread of fake news, deep fake technology, significant data breaches, and hacking, to name a few. The further advancement of the internet, and particularly AI, in inevitable, as the full potential of their capabilities are far from being reached. But how do we advance in a way that both further optimises our lives but simultaneously protects us from further misuse? The Spatial Web Dan Mapes is the Co-Founder of VERSES.io, Spatial Intelligence Systems integrating Mixed Reality, Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain technology that together build The Spatial Web. Mapes, alongside Verses co-founder Gabriel René, wrote the #1 international Best Seller. The Spatial Web: How Web 3.0 Will Connect Humans, Machines, and AI to Transform the World, giving an in-depth understanding of the challenges and limitations with our current world wide web, such as fake news, hacking, and surveillance capitalism, as well as the wealth of practical applications of the new spatial web on personal, business, local and global levels. Crucially, Mapes stresses the importance of ensuring that there are proper standards, protocols, and legislation to ensure the spatial web operates in line with ethical and social codes. "Creating the Spatial Web will take a significant amount of dialogue, development, and commitment from engineers, creators, thought leaders, non-profits, standards groups, and governments. To assist in creating awareness, advocacy, and adoption of Spatial Web standards, we the authors and our associates have established the VERSES Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to delivering the protocols and specifications needed for an open, free, and secure Spatial Web". Dan Mapes, The Spatial Web: How Web 3.0 Will Connect Humans, Machines, and AI to Transform the World Mapes is also the Founder and CEO of Cyberlab 9, a Global Deep Tech Lab with offices in California, China and Holland, which has a focus on the Internet of Things, Blockchain, Virtual Reality and AI. As CEO of Cyberlab, he has led projects with the UN, UNDP, UNESCO, Nobel Committee, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Gorbachev Foundation, Obama Campaign and produced the First Summit Meeting on the Internet between Nelson Mandela and Shimon Peres. He has also been a technology advisor to the governments of China, Brazil, Chile, Philippines, Saudi Arabia and Australia. He has been a New Media consultant to Apple, Intel, Shanghai Media and other technology and entertainment companies. On this episode you will hear from Dan: A history of internet technology and its exponential advancements. How he developed an interest in Artificial Intelligence and gamification. An introduction to the spatial web and its numerous applications in optimising our world, securing our data, and revolutionising supply chains. The importance of proper protocol and regulation of the spatial web in light of fake news, data breaches, and rogue actors. Credits: Amanda Christensen interview video, text and audio. If you liked this interview, be sure to check out our interview on filtering history's bias with neural networks! Follow ideaXme on Twitter:@ideaxm On Instagram:@ideaxme Find ideaXme across the internet including on iTunes, YouTube, SoundCloud,Radio Public,TuneIn Radio,I Heart Radio, Google Podcasts, Spotify and more. ideaXme is a global podcast, creator series and mentor programme. Our mission: Move the human story forward!™ ideaXme Ltd.

This week the Nerds welcome Dev-i-boy to the group. Dev-i-boy is also known as Brad, a Brisbane game developer, who we interviewed around a year ago. Check that one out too, it's a good one and it'll be in the show notes below.Professor and Dev-i-boy are gushing over Half Life: Alyx, despite a massive lack of Valve Index availability in Australia. Why, Valve, why?. HL:Alyx also doubles as an online lecture platform, a Cover your Cough training simulator and apparently, a generally good game.DJ wants to see the Dragons Lair movie. Ryan Reynolds has been cast in a live action remake of a classic animated Laserdisc game from 1983. Don Bluth is on board, so it should be something interesting to watch.Once again, the Nerds take on the topic of dinosaur chickens. Professor rants about the software design skills of Dennis Nedry and Dev-i-boy thinks there's no point in bringing back dinosaur chickens. But imagine the drumsticks on those chooks.As usual, we cover the games of the week and remember some famous figures who passed away this week.Half Life & Valve news- https://uploadvr.com/new-valve-vr-games/- https://store.steampowered.com/app/1271440/Next_Gen_HP_VR_Headset/- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mKsSsEmfjoE&feature=emb_titleDragon’s Lair Movie remake-https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ryan-reynolds-talks-tackle-live-action-film-80s-game-dragons-lair-1279270Recreating living dinosaurs now a reality-https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/247402?fbclid=IwAR2oerRwD5V1i3wiT_uBZglAOB5pbAazIK5GYFTxWFwlYbV4KrClpkFsRzkGames PlayedProfessor– Half-Life 2: Update - https://store.steampowered.com/app/290930/HalfLife_2_Update/Rating – 4/5DJ– Call of Duty : Warzone - https://www.callofduty.com/warzoneRating – 4/5Dev-i-Boy- The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Legend_of_Zelda:_The_Wind_WakerRating – 4/5- Colin McRae Rally 2005 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin_McRae_Rally_2005Rating – 5/5Other topics discussedA Nerds Special - An Interview with An Aspie Life developer : Bradley Hennessey - https://thatsnotcanon.com/topshelfnerdspodcast/episode87Valve to pay AU$3 million fine for misleading Australian gamers- https://www.cnet.com/news/valve-to-pay-3-million-fine-for-misleading-australian-gamers/F-Stop or 'Directed Design Experiments'- https://vcc.wiki/wiki/F-StopMath Teacher’s class in Virtual Reality- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3g9jrqjOZsOculus Headset- https://www.oculus.com/?locale=en_USOculus Rift Store- https://www.oculus.com/experiences/rift/?locale=en_USSullivan Bluth Studios (Irish-American animation studio established in 1979 by animator Don Bluth.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sullivan_Bluth_StudiosDetective Pikachu (2019 urban fantasymystery film directed by Rob Letterman.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detective_Pikachu_(film)Free Guy (upcoming 2020 American science fiction action comedy film directed by Shawn Levy, a story by Matt Lieberman, and a screenplay by Lieberman and Zak Penn.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_GuyCastlevania (an action-adventure gothic horrorvideo game series about vampire hunters created and developed by Konami.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CastlevaniaBlack Mirror: Bandersnatch (2018 interactive film in the science fiction anthology series Black Mirror.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Mirror:_BandersnatchGreen Lantern (2011 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Lantern_(film)R.I.P.D. (R.I.P.D.: Rest in Peace Department, or simply R.I.P.D., is a 2013 American science fiction action comedy film starring Jeff Bridges and Ryan Reynolds.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R.I.P.D.Clive Palmer's dinosaur Jeff destroyed by fire at Palmer Coolum Resort- https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-03-03/fire-guts-jeff-the-dinosaur-at-clive-palmer-resort/6276188Dennis Nedry (a computer programmer at Jurassic Park and the secondary antagonist of the orginal Jurassic Park Film.)- https://jurassicpark.fandom.com/wiki/Dennis_NedryFakeFactory Cinematic Mod for Half-Life 2- https://www.moddb.com/mods/fakefactory-cinematic-modNo Man’s Land (2001 Bosnian war film that is set in the midst of the Bosnian War.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Man%27s_Land_(2001_film)Black Beauty (1994 American film adaptation of Anna Sewell's novel by the same name directed by Caroline Thompson in her directorial debut.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Beauty_(1994_film)The Matrix 4 (upcoming American science fiction action film and the fourth installment in The Matrix franchise. The film is co-written and directed by Lana Wachowski, one of the two Wachowskis who directed the previous three films.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Matrix_4That’s Not COVID (TNC Podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/thatsnotcovidpodcastShout Outs29 March 2020 - Alan Merrill, ‘I Love Rock ‘N’ Roll’ Songwriter dies at 69 - https://deadline.com/2020/03/alan-merrill-dead-coronavirus-i-love-rock-n-roll-songwriter-joan-jett-and-the-blackhearts-obituary-1202895407/Merrill was a member of the band The Arrows along with drummer Paul Varley and guitarist Jake Hooker. While in the band, he wrote the song “I Love Rock ‘n’ Roll” which the band released in 1975. The song would later become a chart topper for Joan Jett & The Blackhearts in 1982. In an interview with Songfacts, Merrill said he wrote the song as "a knee-jerk response to the Rolling Stones' 'It's Only Rock 'n Roll (But I Like It)'." This version was first released as a B-side, but was soon re-recorded and flipped to A-side status on a subsequent pressing of the record. Arrows performed the song in 1975 on the Muriel Young-produced show 45, after which Young offered Arrows a weekly UK television series, Arrows, which was broadcast on ITV starting in March 1976. Joan Jett saw the Arrows perform "I Love Rock 'n' Roll" on their weekly UK television series Arrows while she was touring England with the Runaways in 1976. She first recorded the song in 1979 with two of the Sex Pistols,Steve Jones and Paul Cook. He died from complications arising from COVID-19 at the age of 69 in Manhattan, New York City.29 March 2020 - Krzysztof Penderecki dies at 86 - https://deadline.com/2020/03/krzysztof-penderecki-dies-composers-work-used-in-the-exorcist-and-the-shining-was-86-1202895207/Krzysztof Penderecki, a Polish composer and conductor whose modernist works were on soundtracks for The Exorcist and The Shining. Penderecki was an avant-garde composer and prolific in his output. His resume includes eight symphonies, four operas, a requiem, and several concertos. Film directors often used Penderecki music to capture their moods. His music was used in Martin Scorsese’s Shutter Island, Peter Weir’s Fearless, David Lynch’s Wild at Heart and Inland Empire in addition to The Exorcist and The Shining. Pop music also revered Penderecki. Artists ranging from Kele Okereke of Bloc Party and Robbie Robertson of the Band to Jonny Greenwood of Radiohead were fans. He died from a long illness at the age of 86 in Kraków.31 March 2020 – MDK2 turns 20 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MDK2MDK2 is a 2000 third-person shooter, action-adventure video game developed by BioWare and published by Interplay Entertainment for the Dreamcast,Windows and PlayStation 2. It is a sequel to the 1997 game MDK. First released for the Dreamcast in March 2000, it was later released for Windows in May, with newly selectable difficulty levels and the ability to manually save. The game begins moments after the end of the original MDK. MDK2 received generally positive reviews across all systems, with critics praising the graphics, variety of gameplay styles, level design, boss fights, the game's sense of humor, and its fidelity to the original MDK. The most commonly criticized aspects of the game were the difficulty level, which was felt to be too high, and the platforming sections, which many critics found frustrating and too exacting.Remembrances30 March 1962 - Philip Showalter Hench - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Showalter_HenchAmerican physician. Hench, along with his Mayo Clinic co-worker Edward Calvin Kendall and Swiss chemist Tadeus Reichstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1950 for the discovery of the hormone cortisone, and its application for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The Nobel Committee bestowed the award for the trio's "discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects." His speech at the banquet during the award ceremony acknowledged the connections between the study of medicine and chemistry, saying of his co-winners "Perhaps the ratio of one physician to two chemists is symbolic, since medicine is so firmly linked to chemistry by a double bond." In addition to the Nobel Prize, Hench received many other awards and honors throughout his career. He also had a lifelong interest in the history and discovery of yellow fever. He died from pneumonia at the age of 69 in Ocho Rios.30 March 2004 – Michael King - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_KingNew Zealand popular historian, author, and biographer. He wrote or edited over 30 books on New Zealand topics, including the best-sellingPenguin History of New Zealand, which was the most popular New Zealand book of 2004. King was well known for his knowledge of Māori culture and history. New Zealand Listener, one of New Zealand's most popular weekly magazines, dubbed King "the people's historian" for his efforts to write about and for the local populace. He died from a traffic collision at the age of 58 in near Maramarua,Waikato.30 March 2008 - Dith Pran - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dith_PranCambodian photojournalist, he was a refugee and survivor of the Cambodian genocide and the subject of the film The Killing Fields. In 1975, Dith and The New York Times reporter Sydney Schanberg stayed behind in Cambodia to cover the fall of the capital Phnom Penh to the Communist Khmer Rouge. Schanberg and other foreign reporters were allowed to leave the country, but Pran was not. Due to persecution of intellectuals during the genocide, he hid the fact that he was educated or that he knew Americans, and he pretended that he had been a taxi driver. When Cambodians were forced to work in labour camps, Dith had to endure four years of starvation and torture before Vietnam overthrew the Khmer Rouge in December 1978. He coined the phrase "killing fields" to refer to the clusters of corpses and skeletal remains of victims he encountered during his 40-mile (60 km) escape. He gained worldwide recognition after the 1984 release of the film The Killing Fields about his experiences under the Khmer Rouge. He was portrayed in the film by first-time actor Haing S. Ngor (1940–1996), who won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance. He died from pancreatic cancer at the age of 65 in New Brunswick, New Jersey.Famous Birthdays30 March 1820 – Anna Sewell - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_SewellEnglish novelist. She is well known as the author of the 1877 novel Black Beauty, which is now considered one of the top ten bestselling novels for children ever written, although it was intended at the time for an adult audience. During this time her health was declining; she was often so weak that she was confined to her bed. Writing was a challenge. She dictated the text to her mother and from 1876 began to write on slips of paper which her mother then transcribed. The book is the first English novel to be written from the perspective of a non-human animal, in this case a horse. Although it is now considered a children's classic, Sewell originally wrote it for those who worked with horses. She said, "a special aim was to induce kindness, sympathy, and an understanding treatment of horses". In many respects the book can be read as a guide to horse husbandry, stable management and humane training practices for colts. It is considered to have had an effect on reducing cruelty to horses; for example, the use of bearing reins, which are particularly painful for a horse, was one of the practices highlighted in the novel, and in the years after the book's release the reins became less popular and fell out of favour. She was born in Great Yarmouth, Norfolk.30 March 1853 – Vincent Van Gogh - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_van_GoghVincent Willem van Gogh, Dutch post-impressionist painter who is among the most famous and influential figures in the history of Western art. In just over a decade, he created about 2,100 artworks, including around 860 oil paintings, most of which date from the last two years of his life. They include landscapes, still lifes,portraits and self-portraits, and are characterised by bold colours and dramatic, impulsive and expressive brushwork that contributed to the foundations of modern art. His reputation began to grow in the early 20th century as elements of his painting style came to be incorporated by the Fauves and German Expressionists. He attained widespread critical, commercial and popular success over the ensuing decades, and is remembered as an important but tragic painter, whose troubled personality typifies the romantic ideal of the tortured artist. Today, Van Gogh's works are among the world's most expensive paintings to have ever sold, and his legacy is honoured by a museum in his name, the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, which holds the world's largest collection of his paintings and drawings. On 30th March 2020, his painting titled The Parsonage Garden at Nuenen in Spring, was stolen from the Singer Laren museum in Laren, North Holland. It was stolen in an overnight smash-and-grab raid on a museum that was closed to prevent the spread of coronavirus. He was born in Zundert.30 March 1930 - John Astin - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_AstinAmerican actor who has appeared in numerous films and television series, as well as a television director and voice artist. He is best known for starring as Gomez Addams in The Addams Family, reprising the role in the television film Halloween with the New Addams Family and the animated series The Addams Family. Notable film projects include West Side Story, Freaky Friday, National Lampoon's European Vacation and Teen Wolf Too. His second wife was actress Patty Duke and he is the adoptive father of Duke's son, actor Sean Astin. Astin is director of the Theater Arts and Studies Department and Homewood Professor of the Arts at Johns Hopkins University, his alma mater, which offers an undergraduate minor program. He was born in Baltimore,Maryland.Events of Interest29 March 1979 – Another Brick in the Wall, Part II hits number one - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Billboard_Hot_100_number-one_singles_of_1980"Another Brick in the Wall (Part 2)" was released as a single, Pink Floyd's first in the UK since "Point Me at the Sky". It was Pink Floyd's only number-one hit in the United Kingdom, the United States, West Germany and several other countries. The single sold over 4 million copies worldwide. "Part 2" was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Performance by a Rock Duo or Group. The lyrics attracted controversy. The Inner London Education Authority described the song as "scandalous", and according to Renshaw, prime minister Margaret Thatcher "hated it". Renshaw said: "There was a political knee-jerk reaction to a song that had nothing to do with the education system. It was [Waters'] reflections on his life and how his schooling was part of that." The single, as well as the album The Wall, were banned in South Africa in 1980 after it was adopted by supporters of a nationwide school boycott protesting racial inequities in education under apartheid.30 March 1814 - Napoleon's forces defeated in Paris- https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/allies-capture-paris- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Paris_(1814)European forces allied against Napoleonic France march triumphantly into Paris, formally ending a decade of French domination on the Continent. After a day of fighting in the suburbs of Paris, the French surrendered on March 31, ending the War of the Sixth Coalition and forcing Emperor Napoleon to abdicate and go into exile.31 March 1999 - "The Matrix" released in theaters - https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-matrix-releasedOn March 31, 1999, the writing and directing sibling team of Lana and Lilly Wachowski release their second film, the mind-blowing science-fiction blockbuster The Matrix. Filmed for $70 million, The Matrix was a stylish, innovative and visually spectacular take on a familiar premise–that humans are unknowing inhabitants of a world controlled by machines–central to films such as Alien and 2001: A Space Odyssey. The Matrix starred Keanu Reeves as a computer hacker who learns that human-like computers have created a fake world, the Matrix, to enslave the remaining humans while keeping them in the dark about their dire fate. Packed with slow-motion camera tricks and references from a myriad of sources–including comic books, the Bible, Lewis Carroll, Eastern philosophy and film noir—The Matrix also stunned viewers with its Hong Kong-style fight scenes, choreographed by the martial-arts master Yuen Wo Ping and performed with the help of invisible wires allowing the characters to fly through the air. Greeted with enthusiasm by computer-gaming fanatics and mainstream audiences alike, The Matrix earned a staggering $470 million worldwide and won four Academy Awards, for Best Editing, Best Sound Effects Editing, Best Visual Effects and Best Sound.Follow us onFacebook- Page - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/- Group - https://www.facebook.com/groups/440485136816406/Twitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes - https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS - http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rssInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/nerds_amalgamated/General EnquiriesEmail - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.comRate & Review us on Podchaser - https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/nerds-amalgamated-623195

Welcome everyone to another episode of Nerds Amalgamated, we would like to take a moment and congratulate all those who are graduating university, school, or just having an excellent week. “The pursuit of knowledge is never ending. The day you stop seeking knowledge is the day you stop growing. Brandon Travis Ciaccio.” So, no we have set a serious mood let’s look at the first topic, which is that video games are an excellent way to combat loneliness. Also, that video games are helpful for men to combat issues such as social isolation and stress for men in today’s society. That’s right, read that correctly, video games are beneficial to men’s health and should be encouraged. What to know more to help develop those arguments for the girlfriend or boss, listen in and find out what we are talking about.Next up Buck has decided to bring us a mystery to try and solve. Now who doesn’t love a good puzzle? If like Buck you love sitting down with a crossword, a Sudoku or reading a good detective novel then you will love this. We have a mystery that is 500 hundred years old, has some of the most baffling elements and to top it off has stumped many professional investigators over the years. We are talking about a mass murder that struck fear in the hearts of the population of England. This is a mystery that is guaranteed to get you remembered in history if you solve it. Want to know what Buck has unveiled for us to ponder, listen in and find out.Now Ben Affleck is not someone who we get excited about, in fact he makes Buck yawn at the mere mention of his name. In fact I just yawned at the thought, crikey why are we talking about him? Well, it appears that he has a movie in the works that is looking kind of good, it is a topic that we hope he does justice to. Now we know that Hollywood has failed to deliver anything great for some time now, but this story has potential. We aren’t going to hold our breathe, and not just because of Benny boy of the sleep inducing performance. The reality is that the story is one that needs to be told with a sensitivity and care that is hard to deliver. This is something the likes of Spielberg should be directing. Want to know what it is we are talking about? You know what to do.As usual we have the regular shout outs, birthdays, remembrances, and special events. We hope you enjoy this episode and if you want to give us feedback we are always happy to hear from you. Take care of yourselves, look out for each other and stay hydrated.Video Games cure Loneliness - https://www.menshealth.com/sex-women/a29578572/men-friendships-video-games-loneliness/?fbclid=IwAR1AI07WCrmV-A7MVbqBGI5-H26VfKTj2k6fS6o3EZM6JkC0Rk_dJX9ye0ISweating disease origins - https://www.insidescience.org/news/medical-historians-still-struggle-identify-origin-disease-swept-across-england-500-years-agoBen Affleck’s new project - https://deadline.com/2019/11/ben-affleck-direct-congo-plunder-tale-king-leopolds-ghost-belgian-king-leopold-ii-1202791265/Games currently playingBuck– Spyro - https://store.steampowered.com/app/996580/Spyro_Reignited_Trilogy/Rating – 4.5/5Professor- Underrails - https://www.underrail.com/Rating – 5/5DJ – Age Of Empires Bundle - https://store.steampowered.com/bundle/11831/Age_of_Empires_Definitive_Edition_Bundle/Rating – 4/5Other topics discussedThe Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Elder_Scrolls_V:_SkyrimLAN Party (a gathering of people with computers or compatible game consoles, where a local area network (LAN) connection is established between the devices using a router or switch, primarily for the purpose of playing multiplayer video games together.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LAN_partyLAN party go to gamesProfessorWarcraft III: Reign of Chaos - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warcraft_III:_Reign_of_ChaosHalo: Combat Evolved - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halo:_Combat_EvolvedBuckUnreal Tournament - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unreal_TournamentCall of Duty - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call_of_Duty_(video_game)DJStarcraft: Brood War - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StarCraft:_Brood_WarDunbar’s Number (a suggested cognitive limit to the number of people with whom one can maintain stable social relationships—relationships in which an individual knows who each person is and how each person relates to every other person.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunbar%27s_numberMacho Man Randy Savage as a Skyrim dragon- https://www.pcgamer.com/au/the-life-and-times-of-skyrims-best-dragon-macho-man-randy-savage/Tommy Wiseau Horse in Skyrim- https://bigmemes.funnyjunk.com/comments/Quotoh+hi+markquot+_78273e9f011bfc08a3d9222b3b39e3a5.jpgArthur, Prince of Wales (Prince of Wales, Earl of Chester and Duke of Cornwall.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur,_Prince_of_Wales28 Days Later (2002 British post-apocalyptic horror film directed by Danny Boyle.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/28_Days_Later28 Weeks Later (2007 horror film directed by Juan Carlos Fresnadillo. A sequel to the 2002 film 28 Days Later.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/28_Weeks_LaterIgnaz Semmelweis (Hungarian physician and scientist, now known as an early pioneer of antiseptic procedures.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_SemmelweisReligious restrictions on the consumption of pork- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_restrictions_on_the_consumption_of_porkElvis Lives (TNC Podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/elvislivesShaun of the Dead (2004 horror comedy film directed by Edgar Wright, who co-wrote it with Simon Pegg.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaun_of_the_DeadWarm Bodies (2013 American paranormal romantic zombie comedy film written and directed by Jonathan Levine and based on Isaac Marion's novel of the same name.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warm_Bodies_(film)Disease Burden (impact of a health problem as measured by financial cost, mortality, morbidity, or other indicators.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease_burdenAnthrax Outbreaks (2016 Anthrax outbreak in Serbia)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_anthrax_outbreaksArgo (2012 American historical drama film directed by Ben Affleck.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argo_(2012_film)Blood Diamond (2006 political war thriller film co-produced and directed by Edward Zwick, starring Leonardo DiCaprio, Jennifer Connelly, and Djimon Hounsou.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_DiamondLions For Lambs (2007 American war drama film directed by Robert Redford about the connection between a platoon of United States soldiers in Afghanistan, a U.S. senator, a reporter, and a California college professor.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lions_for_LambsThe Gunman (2015 action thriller film directed by Pierre Morel and written by Don Macpherson, Pete Travis and Sean Penn, based on the novel The Prone Gunman (French title: La position du tireur couché) by Jean-Patrick Manchette.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gunman_(2015_film)Musicals Taught Me Everything I Know (TNC Podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/mtmeikDiablo (action role-playing hack and slash video game developed by Blizzard North and released by Blizzard Entertainment.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diablo_(video_game)Cobra Car (formerly known as Shelby Cobra, simply titled COBRA in the original game) is a cheat unit in Age of Empires II.)- https://ageofempires.fandom.com/wiki/Cobra_CarAge of Empires 1 Intro Cinematic- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V7LZLx_5pu0Connor McGregor vs Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aaehn1aY8IgJohn Titor (name used on several bulletin boards during 2000 and 2001 by a poster claiming to be an American military time traveler from 2036.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_TitorMax Headroom (a fictional artificial intelligence (AI) character, known for his wit and stuttering, distorted, electronically sampled voice.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Headroom_(character)Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (1986 American science fiction film directed by Leonard Nimoy and based on the television series Star Trek.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Trek_IV:_The_Voyage_HomeStar Wars (retroactively titled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope is a 1977 American epic space-opera film written and directed by George Lucas.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)Shoutouts26 Nov 1970 – In Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe, 1.5 inches (38.1 mm) of rain fall in a minute, the heaviest rainfall ever recorded. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basse-Terre26 Nov 1983 - World's greatest robbery; 26 million pounds (sterling) worth of gold bullion, diamonds and cash stolen from Brink's-Mat warehouse at Heathrow Airport, England. The bullion was the property of Johnson Matthey Bankers Ltd, which collapsed the following year after making large loans to frauds and insolvent firms. Two men were convicted, and most of the gold has never been recovered. Insurers Lloyd's of London paid out for the losses. Several deaths have been linked to the case, and there are links to the Hatton Garden safe deposit burglary in April 2015. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brink%27s-Mat_robbery26 Nov 2003 – The Concorde makes its final flight, over Bristol, England. Known as G-BOAF (216) or its call sign Concorde Alpha Foxtrot (the name comes from its official UK registration) the Concorde departed from Heathrow at 11:30 GMT, it made a last, brief, supersonic flight, carrying 100 BA staff, over the Bay of Biscay. It then flew a "lap of honour" above Bristol, passing over Portishead, Clevedon,Weston-super-Mare, Bristol Airport and Clifton Suspension Bridge, before landing at Filton, soon after 13:00 GMT. It was met by Prince Andrew, who formally accepted its handover. It had flown a total of 18,257 hours. Until 2010, the aircraft was open for public viewing at the Airbus facility; since 2017 it has been the main exhibit at Filton's Aerospace Bristol museum. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concorde_aircraft_histories#British_production_aircraftRemembrances26 Nov 1994 – Nimrod Workman, American singer, coal miner and trade unionist. His musical repertoire included traditional English and Scottish ballads, Appalachian folk songs and original compositions. Workman was a recipient of a 1986 National Heritage Fellowship awarded by the National Endowment for the Arts, which is the United States government's highest honor in the folk and traditional arts. He died at the age of 99 in Knoxville, Tennessee. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimrod_Workman26 Nov 2005 – Stanley Melvin Berenstain, American author and illustrator, co-created the Berenstain Bears. Inspired by their children's enthusiasm for Dr. Seuss books, the Berenstains decided to attempt a series with animal protagonists themselves, settling on bears not because of their surname as was commonly believed, but because they found them easy to draw. They published their first book featuring the Berenstain Bears, The Big Honey Hunt, in 1962. At the time, their inspiration, Theodor Geisel (Dr. Seuss), was working as an editor in the children's division of Random House Publishing and eagerly approved the concept. He edited several books in the Berenstain Bears series and created a lasting franchise including many more books, television series, toys, and stage productions. He died from cancer at the age of 82 in Solebury Township, Pennsylvania. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stan_and_Jan_Berenstain26 Nov 2012 – Joseph Edward Murray, American plastic surgeon who performed the first successful human kidney transplant on identical twins Richard and Ronald Herrick on December 23, 1954. Murray shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1990 with E. Donnall Thomas for their discoveries concerning "organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease." Murray became an international leader in the study of transplantation biology, the use of immunosuppressive agents, and studies on the mechanisms of rejection. He died from a stroke at the age of 93 in Boston,Massachusetts. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_MurrayFamous Birthdays26 Nov 1898 - Karl Waldemar Ziegler, Germanchemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1963, with Giulio Natta, for work on polymers. The Nobel Committee recognized his "excellent work on organometallic compounds [which]...led to new polymerization reactions and ... paved the way for new and highly useful industrial processes". He is also known for his work involving free-radicals, many-membered rings, and organometallic compounds, as well as the development of Ziegler–Natta catalyst. One of many awards Ziegler received was the Werner von Siemens Ring in 1960 jointly with Otto Bayer and Walter Reppe, for expanding the scientific knowledge of and the technical development of new synthetic materials. He was born in Helsa near Kassel,German Empire - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Ziegler26 Nov 1920 - István Sárközy, Hungarian composer, he was a founder-member of the Association of Hungarian Musicians and in 1954 he was appointed artistic adviser to the National Philharmonic Concert Bureau and the Hungarian Recording Company. In 1957 he was made general editor of Editio Musica and in 1959 he was appointed to teach theory at the Liszt Academy of Music, subsequently teaching composition there. Sárközy’s first work of lasting value was the Concerto grosso of 1943, though during that decade his attention was directed mainly to songs and folksong arrangements. In the early 1950s music for the stage dominated his creative activity, the crowning work of this period was the chamber cantata Júlia énekek (‘Julia Songs’, 1956), after which he composed little, until, in 1963 the Sinfonia concertante for clarinet and strings initiated a succession of major works. In 1975 Sárközy received the title Merited Artist of the Hungarian People’s Republic. After Confessioni (1979) for piano and orchestra he devoted himself exclusively to teaching. He was born in Pesterzsébet - https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-000002459126 Nov 1922 – Charles Monroe "Sparky" Schulz, American cartoonist and creator of the comic strip Peanuts (which featured the characters Charlie Brown and Snoopy, among others). He is widely regarded as one of the most influential cartoonists of all time, cited by cartoonists including Jim Davis, Bill Watterson, Matt Groening, Dav Pilkey, and Stephan Pastis. At its height, Peanuts was published daily in 2,600 papers in 75 countries, in 21 languages. Over nearly 50 years, Schulz drew 17,897 published Peanuts strips. The strips, plus merchandise and product endorsements, produced revenues of more than $1 billion per year, with Schulz earning an estimated $30 million to $40 million annually. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_M._Schulz26 Nov 1988 - Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson, Icelandic professional strongman and actor. He is the first person to have won the Arnold Strongman Classic, Europe's Strongest Man and World's Strongest Man in the same calendar year. He played Gregor "The Mountain" Clegane in the HBO series Game of Thrones for five seasons. He also is a former professional basketball player. Hafþór won the Strongest Man in Iceland event in 2010, and won Iceland's Strongest Man in 2011. He won Europe's Strongest Man in 2014, a feat he repeated in 2015, 2017, 2018, and 2019. He won silver at the 2017 Arnold Strongman Classic, improving to gold in 2018 and 2019. He competed in his first World's Strongest Man in 2011, placing sixth. He won three bronze and three silver medals in his next six attempts before being crowned champion in 2018. He was born in Reykjavík - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haf%C3%BE%C3%B3r_J%C3%BAl%C3%ADus_Bj%C3%B6rnssonEvents of interest26 Nov 1865 - "Alice in Wonderland" by English author Charles Lutwidge Dodgson under the pseudonym Lewis Carroll was published in America. The was published as Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by "Lewis Carroll" with illustrations by John Tenniel. The first print run of 2,000 was held back because Tenniel objected to the print quality. The entire print run sold out quickly. Alice was a publishing sensation, beloved by children and adults alike. Among its first avid readers were Queen Victoria and the young Oscar Wilde. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland#Publication_history26 Nov 1977 – An unidentified hijacker named Vrillon, claiming to be the representative of the "Ashtar Galactic Command", takes over Britain's Southern Television for six minutes, starting at 5:12 pm. It was the first major broadcast interruption through the Hannington transmitter of the Independent Broadcasting Authority in the United Kingdom. The mystery has never been solved. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Television_broadcast_interruption26 Nov 1986 – Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home premiered. Since Star Trek had traditionally performed poorly internationally, the producers created a special trailer for foreign markets that de-emphasized the Star Trek part of the title, as well as retelling the events of The Wrath of Khan and The Search for Spock. Winter recalled that the marketing did not seem to make a difference. In its first week, The Voyage Home ended Crocodile Dundee's 8-week reign of the American box office. The Star Trek film made $39.6 million in its first five days of release, exceeding The Search for Spock's opening by $14 million. Ultimately, the film grossed a global total of $133,000,000 against its $21 million cost ($1 million under budget). Despite grossing $6,000,000 less than Star Trek: The Motion Picture,The Voyage Home was the most profitable of the series, grossing $133,000,000 against a $21,000,000 budget. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Trek_IV:_The_Voyage_Home#ReleaseIntroArtist – Goblins from MarsSong Title – Super Mario - Overworld Theme (GFM Trap Remix)Song Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GNMe6kF0j0&index=4&list=PLHmTsVREU3Ar1AJWkimkl6Pux3R5PB-QJFollow us onFacebook- Page - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/- Group - https://www.facebook.com/groups/440485136816406/Twitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes - https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS - http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rssInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/nerds_amalgamated/General EnquiriesEmail - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.com

PRESS RELEASE https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-10/ijl-oeb101019.php The 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded jointly to Oncotarget Editorial Board Members William G. Kaelin Jr. and Gregg L. Semenza for their discoveries of "how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability", said the Nobel Committee. The pair was named alongside the UK physician-scientist Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe. The Nobel Committee made the announcement Monday at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden and the discoveries have implications for how we understand and potentially treat a range of conditions like cancer, heart attack, stroke and anemia. The Nobel Laureates identified molecular machinery that regulates the activity of genes in response to varying levels of oxygen. Gregg L. Semenza is a professor of Medicine at Johns Hopkins University and Director of the Vascular Research Program at Johns Hopkins Institute for Cell Engineering. Semenza received the Nobel Prize for the discovery of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), protein, which controls genes in response to changes in oxygen availability. William G. Kaelin Jr., a Professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, earned his share of the Nobel Prize for his work investigating a genetic syndrome called Von Hippel-Lindau's (VHL) disease. Kaelin discovered that the VHL protein prevents the onset of cancer and is involved in the oxygen sensing mechanism through its interaction with HIF-1. The awarded mechanism has a fundamental importance in physiology, and has far-reaching implications for the treatment of lw-oxygen health conditions such as coronary artery disease and tumor growth. ### Both William G. Kaelin and Gregg L. Semenza are founding members of Oncotarget, launched in 2010. Oncotarget is a weekly peer-reviewed open access bio-medical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology. The editors-in-chief are Mikhail (Misha) Blagosklonny and Andrei V. Gudkov. About Oncotarget Oncotarget is a weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology. Oncotarget is published by Impact Journals LLC. To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit http://www.ImpactJournals.com Media Contact: media@oncotarget.com 800.922.0957

Dr. George Akerlof, a University Professor in the McCourt School of Public Policy here at Georgetown, and a Koshland Professor of Economics Emeritus at UC Berkeley. His research is based in economics, but it often draws from other disciplines, including psychology, anthropology, and sociology. George has been a distinguished contributor to the field of economics for over 50 years. His most notable contributions have come in the areas of asymmetrical information, identity economics, reproductive technology shock, corporate looting, and natural norms of macroeconomics. In 2001, he was a co-recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Committee cited his seminal paper from 1970 on asymmetrical information titled “The Market for Lemons.” He taught, with only brief interruption, at the University of California at Berkeley from 1966 to 2010, then served as a Visiting Scholar at the International Monetary Fund until 2014 before coming to Georgetown. He has co-authored a handful of books, the most recent of which is titled “Phishing for Phools: The Economics of Manipulation and Deception.” Table of Contents 0:00 - Intro 1:20 - What's your story? 2:30 - How did you connect your childhood interests to economics? 4:30 - Were anomalies the kernel of your research? 9:15 - How did societal problems prompt your economic perspective? 8:00 - Did you have trouble publishing early work? Were you viewed as a rebel? 9:00 - Meeting Mentors: Robert Solo & Raoul Bott 11:05 - What are your views on your mentors? 12:30 - How do you bring conceptual frameworks from outside of economics into the mainstream? 14:35 - Did you see your work accumulating in a design path? 16:25 - What common advice do you give to young faculty members? 17:30 - What are you most excited about in your current work? Music Main Theme: “Corporate Technology” by Scott Holmes Background: “Horizon Soundscapes” by RF Soundtracks

Well hello once again, once again those Nerds have given us another episode full of fun and laughter, so strap in and hang on tight as we enjoy the rid. Please remember to keep arms inside the ride at all times to avoid injury. To start this mad cap episode we have the cast list of the new Dr. Dolittle with Robert Downey Jr. This cast has almost as many stars as the US flag. Will this be just another remake of a great movie, or will it be great? Who knows, at present all we know for sure is the cast is pretty impressive. Next up we take a moment to discuss the presence of water on the moon. That’s right water on the moon, is it H2O or OH, is there enough for a pool to soak away the long dreary hours after working all day as a janitor. Oops, that was the story for Space Quest, sorry. But the presence of water is important to plans to build a moon base for further space exploration. Last topic is about Crazy Taxi and not horrifying us with gruesome violence like the horror movie right there on our TV, called the 6 o’clock news. Sorry, distracted again, but hey, it is an amazing line up to entertain you and is followed by the usual shout outs, remembrances, birthdays and events of interest. As always we would love to hear from you, and please remember to take care of each other and stay hydrated.EPISODE NOTES:Dr Dolittle Movie starring Robert Downey Jr - http://collider.com/robert-downey-jr-doctor-dolittle-movie-reshoots/Moon Water - https://phys.org/news/2019-04-meteoroid-eject-precious-moon.html- https://www.newscientist.com/article/2199618-there-is-water-just-under-the-surface-of-the-moon-that-we-could-use/Crazy Taxi patent expiration - https://patents.google.com/patent/US6200138B1/enGames currently playingProfessor– Age of Empire 2 HD - https://store.steampowered.com/app/221380/Age_of_Empires_II_HD/Buck– Car Simulator 2016 - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/p/car-mechanic-simulator-2016/9nblggh4t4c4DJ– Apex Legends - https://www.ea.com/games/apex-legendsOther topics discussedThe Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (2020 movie)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Voyage_of_Doctor_DolittleKnut the Polar Bear- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knut_(polar_bear)Inuka the Polar Bear- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InukaSelena Gomez bio- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selena_GomezThe Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922 novel)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Voyages_of_Doctor_DolittleThe Futurist (Robert Downey Jr. album)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Futurist_(Robert_Downey_Jr._album)Craig Robinson (actor)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craig_Robinson_(actor)Pineapple Express (2008 movie)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapple_Express_(film)Puss in Boots- https://shrek.fandom.com/wiki/Puss_in_BootsTeenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014 film)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teenage_Mutant_Ninja_Turtles_(2014_film)LADEE - Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LADEELCROSS - Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LCROSSNASA's strike on moon worked- http://edition.cnn.com/2009/TECH/space/10/09/probe.moon.crash/index.htmlWater on Titan?- https://www.astrobio.net/news-exclusive/a-water-ocean-on-titan/Moon (2009 film)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_(film)Aniara (1956 poem)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AniaraSpace: 1999 (1975 TV Series)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space:_1999Bottle Waters of the World- http://www.finewaters.com/bottled-waters-of-the-world/japanDriver : San Franciso- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driver:_San_FranciscoKylie Minogue Darling Perfume- https://www.fragrantica.com/perfume/Kylie-Minogue/Darling-842.htmlLoading screen mini games- https://www.kotaku.com.au/2015/11/the-patent-on-loading-screen-mini-games-is-about-to-expire/Patent - https://patents.google.com/patent/US5718632Midtown Madness (1999 game)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midtown_MadnessMidnight Club (racing series)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midnight_ClubMidnight Club 3: Dub Edition- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midnight_Club_3:_Dub_EditionAssassin’s Creed Unity free giveaway- https://www.gamesradar.com/au/ubisoft-is-giving-away-assassins-creed-unity-for-free-as-a-nod-to-the-notre-dame-cathedral/My Summer Car (game)- https://store.steampowered.com/app/516750/My_Summer_Car/Days Gone motorcycle upgrade- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aP5OjNq_CfsEVA-8 Auto (Apex Legends Gun)- https://apexlegends.gamepedia.com/EVA-8_AutoAl-Aqsa Mosque on fire same time as Notre Dame- https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/small-fire-broke-out-jerusalems-al-aqsa-mosque-flames-ravaged-notre-dame-180971983/Monty Python's Life of Brian- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Python%27s_Life_of_Brian3D Printed heart using patient cells- https://www.gannett-cdn.com/presto/2019/04/15/USAT/903d849a-04cb-4171-b786-4cd7e60fcf8a-AFP_AFP_1FN7BD.JPG?crop=5471,3077,x0,y566&width=3200&height=1680&fit=boundsLive Animal in keychains- http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/04/14/china.animal.keyring/index.htmlMel Blanc (voice actor)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_BlancPeppermint (2018 movie)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peppermint_(2018_film)Ronin (1998 film)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronin_(film)Operation Desert Shield also known as The Gulf War- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_WarElvis Lives! (That’s Not Canon Podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/elvislivesShoutouts15 Apr 2019 - Notre-Dame de Paris fire - https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/notre-dame-fire-what-was-damaged-n99537116 Apr 1850 - Marie Tussaud, French artist known for her wax sculptures and Madame Tussauds, the wax museum she founded in London. She died of pneumonia at 88 in London, England - https://www.onthisday.com/articles/madame-tussauds-bloody-background16 Apr 1977 - David Soul, of Starsky & Hutch, has the #1 song on the U.S. pop charts - https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/david-soul-of-starsky-hutch-has-the-1-song-on-the-u-s-pop-charts16 Apr 2019 – Monty Python’s Life of Brian turns 40 - https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-04-16/life-of-brian-by-monty-python-is-40/1100439416 Apr 2019 – First 3D printed heart from human patient cells - https://www.cnn.com/2019/04/15/health/3d-printed-heart-study/index.htmlRemembrances14 Apr 2019 – Gene Wolfe, American science fiction and fantasy writer. He was noted for his dense, allusive prose as well as the strong influence of his Catholic faith. He was a prolific short-story writer and novelist and won many science fiction and fantasy literary awards. Wolfe is best known for his Book of the New Sun series (four volumes, 1980–83), the first part of his "Solar Cycle". He died of cardiovascular disease at 87 in Peoria, Illinois - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Wolfe15 Apr 2019 - Winston L. Shelton, American inventor, electrical engineer and entrepreneur who was awarded 76 US patents as an individual or as part of a team, as well as many corresponding patents. Shelton's patents have had an impact relating to home washing machines and the preparation of food in both the Quick Service Restaurant (QSR) industry and fine dining. Technologies Shelton developed while an engineer at General Electric are still in use after more than fifty years. His patent for the modern "Washing Machine" (US 3257830 A), licensed in 1965 to General Electric has been referenced in over 40 subsequent patents. Shelton also invented new ways to cook and hold food, including the Collectramatic, the first pressurized fryer that did not require interrupting production to frequently filter shortening while cooking. Shelton also invented Controlled Vapor Technology, a patented cooking method that uses water vapor to prepare and safely hold food. He died at 96- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_L._SheltonPatents - https://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=3257830&idkey=NONE&homeurl=http%3A%252F%252Fpatft.uspto.gov%252Fnetahtml%252FPTO%252Fpatimg.htm16 Apr 1958 - Rosalind Elsie Franklin, English chemist and X-ray crystallographer whose work was central to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), RNA (ribonucleic acid), viruses, coal, and graphite. Franklin is best known for her work on the X-ray diffraction images of DNA, particularly Photo 51, while at King's College London, which led to the discovery of the DNA double helix for which James Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962. Watson suggested that Franklin would have ideally been awarded a Nobel Prize in Chemistry, along with Wilkins, but, although there was not yet a rule against posthumous awards, the Nobel Committee generally does not make posthumous nominations. She died of bronchopneumonia, secondary carcinomatosis, and ovarian cancer at 37 in Chelsea, London - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin17 Apr 1790 – Benjamin Franklin, American polymath and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Franklin was a leading author, printer, political theorist, politician, freemason, postmaster, scientist, inventor, humourist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. As an inventor, he is known for the lightning rod,bifocals, and the Franklin stove, among other inventions. He founded many civic organizations, including the Library Company, Philadelphia's first fire department and the University of Pennsylvania. His colourful life and legacy of scientific and political achievement, and his status as one of America's most influential Founding Fathers, have seen Franklin honoured more than two centuries after his death on coinage and the $100 bill, warships, and the names of many towns, counties, educational institutions, and corporations, as well as countless cultural references. He died of pleurisy at 84 in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin17 Apr 2016 – Doris Roberts, American actress, author, and philanthropist whose career spanned six decades of television and film. She received five Emmy Awards and a Screen Actors Guild award during her acting career, which began in 1951. She had several prominent roles in movies, including playing opposite Shirley Stoler in The Honeymoon Killers (1970), Elliott Gould in Little Murders (1971), Steven Keats in Hester Street (1975), Billy Crystal in Rabbit Test (1978), Robert Carradine in Number One with a Bullet (1987), and Cady McClain in Simple Justice (1989), among many others. She achieved continuing success in television, becoming known for her role as Mildred Krebs in Remington Steele from 1983 to 1987 and her co-starring role as Raymond Barone's mother, Marie Barone, on the long-running CBS sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond (1996–2005). Towards the end of her acting career, she also had a prominent role opposite Tyler Perry in Madea's Witness Protection (2012). She died of a stroke at 90 in Los Angeles, California - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doris_Roberts17 Apr 2019 - Kazuhiko Katō known by the pen name Monkey Punch, Japanese manga artist, best known for his series Lupin III. In April 2005 he became the professor of Manga Animation at Otemae University, in their Faculty of Media and Arts, and was a visiting professor at Tokyo University of Technology in May 2010. He died of pneumonia at 81 in Sakura, Chiba on April 11, 2019. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkey_PunchFamous Birthdays16 Apr 1952 – Billy West, American voice actor, singer, musician, songwriter and former radio personality. He is known for his voice-over work in a number of television series, films, video games, and commercials. He has done hundreds of voice-overs in his career such as Ren (season 3 to season 5) and Stimpy on The Ren & Stimpy Show; Doug Funnie and Roger Klotz on Doug; and Philip J. Fry,Professor Farnsworth, Dr. Zoidberg,Zapp Brannigan and a number of others on Futurama. He does voices for commercials and is the current voice of the red M&M and was also the voice of Buzz, the Honey Nut Cheerios Bee until 2004. Born in Detroit, Michigan - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_West17 Apr 1972 - Jennifer Garner, American actress. Following a supporting role in Pearl Harbor (2001), Garner gained recognition for her performance as CIA officer Sydney Bristow in the ABC spy-action thriller Alias, which aired from 2001 to 2006. For her work on the series, she won a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award and received four Primetime Emmy Award nominations. While working on Alias, Garner made a cameo appearance in Catch Me If You Can (2002), followed by giving a praised leading performance in the romantic comedy film 13 Going on 30 (2004). Garner has appeared in supporting as well as lead film roles, including the superhero films Daredevil (2003) and Elektra (2005), the comedy-drama Juno (2007), and the fantasy-comedy The Invention of Lying (2009). In the 2010s, she appeared in the romantic-comedy Valentine's Day (2010), the fantasy comedy-drama The Odd Life of Timothy Green (2012), the biographic drama Dallas Buyers Club (2013), the comedy film Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day (2014), the drama film Miracles from Heaven (2016), and the romantic comedy-drama film Love, Simon (2018). Born in Houston, Texas - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer_Garner17 Apr 1959 – Sean Bean, English actor. After graduating from the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, Bean made his professional debut in a theatre production of Romeo and Juliet in 1983. Retaining his Yorkshire accent, he first found mainstream success for his portrayal of Richard Sharpe in the ITV series Sharpe. Bean subsequently gained further recognition for his performance as Ned Stark in the HBO epic fantasy series Game of Thrones, and won both a BAFTA and an International Emmy, both for Best Actor. He has also been nominated for a Saturn Award. One of his most prominent film roles was Boromir in The Lord of the Rings trilogy (2001–2003). Other roles include Alec Trevelyan in the James Bond film GoldenEye (1995) and Odysseus in Troy (2004), as well as roles in Patriot Games (1992), Ronin (1998), Equilibrium (2002), National Treasure (2004), North Country (2005), The Island (2005), Silent Hill (2006), Black Death (2010), Jupiter Ascending (2015) and The Martian (2015). Other TV roles include the BBC anthology series Accused and the ITV historical drama series Henry VIII. As a voice actor, Bean has been featured in the video games The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion, Sid Meier's Civilization VI, and the drama The Canterbury Tales, among several others. Born in Handsworth, Sheffield - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sean_Bean18 Apr 1927 – Samuel P Huntington, American political scientist, adviser and academic. He spent more than half a century at Harvard University, where he was director of Harvard's Center for International Affairs and the Albert J. Weatherhead III University Professor. During the presidency of Jimmy Carter, Huntington was the White House Coordinator of Security Planning for the National Security Council. He is best known for his 1993 theory, the "Clash of Civilizations", of a post–Cold War new world order. He argued that future wars would be fought not between countries, but between cultures, and that Islamic extremism would become the biggest threat to world peace. Huntington is credited with helping to shape U.S. views on civilian–military relations, political development, and comparative government. Born in New York City, New York - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._HuntingtonEvents of Interest16 Apr 1705 - Anne of England knights Isaac Newton at Trinity College, Cambridge - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newton16 Apr 1943 – Albert Hofmann accidentally discovers the hallucinogenic effects of the research drug LSD. He intentionally takes the drug three days later April 19. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Hofmann18 Apr 1909 – Joan of Arc is beatified in Rome. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonization_of_Joan_of_Arc18 Apr 1983 - Alice Walker becomes the first woman of colour to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for her book “The Colour Purple” - http://www.famousdaily.com/history/pulitzer-prize-the-color-purple.htmlA Special Shoutout goes to My Favourite Murder Podcast- Bio - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Favorite_Murder- Official website(s) - https://www.myfavoritemurder.com/- https://www.exactlyrightmedia.com/myfavoritemurder- Where you can find themItunes - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/my-favorite-murder-karen-kilgariff-georgia-hardstark/id1074507850PlayerFM - https://player.fm/series/my-favorite-murder-with-karen-kilgariff-and-georgia-hardstark-2084036Stitcher - https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/exactly-right/my-favorite-murderSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0U9S5J2ltMaKdxIfLuEjzEIntroArtist – Goblins from MarsSong Title – Super Mario - Overworld Theme (GFM Trap Remix)Song Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GNMe6kF0j0&index=4&list=PLHmTsVREU3Ar1AJWkimkl6Pux3R5PB-QJFollow us on Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/Email - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.comTwitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes - https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS - http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rss

The Nobel Prize was established in 1895 to recognize advancements that have the greatest benefit to humankind. As the need for climate solutions becomes more and more crucial, it seems only fitting that the Nobel Committee consider adding an award for progress in the realm of reversing climate change. Helene and Raoul Costa de Beauregard are the leaders of the campaign for the creation of a Climate Nobel Prize. They believe that climate change is the defining issue of our time and that climate actions should be ‘supported and rewarded with the highest distinction.’ Helene served in the Ministry of Ecology for the French government from 2009 to 2013 before Raoul’s role with Amazon brought the couple to Seattle six years ago. She is also the founder of GarageHop, an app designed to reduce the emissions generated looking for parking.  Today, Helene and Raoul join Ross and Christophe to discuss the movement to create a Climate Nobel Prize. They make the case for recognizing role models in the effort to reverse climate change and explain the need to reshape the conversation around ACTION. Helene shares what she learned from her work as a carbon market expert, including the need for incentives to make people change their behavior, and Raoul describes how the Amazon business model might be used to address climate change. Listen in as we debate Helene’s top three climate solutions and learn how you can be a part of #ClimateNobelPrize!

Feature Guest: Ulf Danielsson Our universe is big. But what if all of this was just one of an unimaginably large number of bubble universes. That’s the proposal by a group of scientists who recently introduced a new model for the universe which for the first time links string theory with dark energy and higher dimensions. But how does it compare to rival multiverse theories? Today we’re joined here at The Star Spot by physicist Ulf Danielsson to explain how his model, uniquely, provides for universes that far from being isolated might actually come into contact. Current in Space About Our Guest Ulf Danielsson is a Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Uppsala University in Sweden. He is the author of four books and engages frequently in public science education on TV and radio. He is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science and a member of the Nobel Committee for Physics.

当你老了是爱尔兰诗人威廉·巴特勒·叶芝 于1893年创作的诗歌William Butler Yeats (/ˈjeɪts/; 13 June 1865 – 28 January 1939) was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th century literature. A pillar of both the Irish and British literary establishments, in his later years he served as an Irish Senator for two terms叶芝(/ˈje ' ts/;(1865年6月13日- 1939年1月28日)是爱尔兰诗人，也是20世纪文学史上最重要的人物之一。他是爱尔兰和英国文坛的中流砥柱，晚年曾担任两届爱尔兰参议员In 1923 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature as the first Irishman honored for what the Nobel Committee described as "inspired poetry, which in a highly artistic form gives expression to the spirit of a whole nation." 1923年，他作为第一位爱尔兰人获得诺贝尔文学奖，诺贝尔委员会称其为“富有灵感的诗歌，以一种高度艺术化的形式表达了整个民族的精神”。《When you are old》《当你老了》--- William Butler Yeats ——威廉·巴特勒·叶芝When you are old and grey and full of sleep当你老了，头发花白，睡思昏沉And nodding by the fire，take down this book倦坐在炉边，取下这本书来And slowly read,and dream of the soft look慢慢读着，追梦当年的眼神Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep你那柔美的神采与深幽的晕影How many loved your moments of glad grace多少人爱过你昙花一现的身影And loved your beauty with love false or true爱过你的美貌，以虚伪或真情But one man loved the pilgrim Soul in you惟独一人曾爱你那朝圣者的心And loved the sorrows of your changing face爱你哀戚的脸上岁月的留痕And bending down beside the glowing bars在炉罩边低眉弯腰Murmur, a little sadly, how Love fled忧戚沉思，喃喃而语And paced upon the mountains overhead爱情是怎样逝去，又怎样步上群山And hid his face amid a crowd of stars怎样在繁星之间藏住了脸重点词汇：Pilgrim 朝圣Pace 步伐Glow 发光Murmur 喃喃细语

当你老了是爱尔兰诗人威廉·巴特勒·叶芝 于1893年创作的诗歌William Butler Yeats (/ˈjeɪts/; 13 June 1865 – 28 January 1939) was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th century literature. A pillar of both the Irish and British literary establishments, in his later years he served as an Irish Senator for two terms叶芝(/ˈje ' ts/;(1865年6月13日- 1939年1月28日)是爱尔兰诗人，也是20世纪文学史上最重要的人物之一。他是爱尔兰和英国文坛的中流砥柱，晚年曾担任两届爱尔兰参议员In 1923 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature as the first Irishman honored for what the Nobel Committee described as "inspired poetry, which in a highly artistic form gives expression to the spirit of a whole nation." 1923年，他作为第一位爱尔兰人获得诺贝尔文学奖，诺贝尔委员会称其为“富有灵感的诗歌，以一种高度艺术化的形式表达了整个民族的精神”。《When you are old》《当你老了》--- William Butler Yeats ——威廉·巴特勒·叶芝When you are old and grey and full of sleep当你老了，头发花白，睡思昏沉And nodding by the fire，take down this book倦坐在炉边，取下这本书来And slowly read,and dream of the soft look慢慢读着，追梦当年的眼神Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep你那柔美的神采与深幽的晕影How many loved your moments of glad grace多少人爱过你昙花一现的身影And loved your beauty with love false or true爱过你的美貌，以虚伪或真情But one man loved the pilgrim Soul in you惟独一人曾爱你那朝圣者的心And loved the sorrows of your changing face爱你哀戚的脸上岁月的留痕And bending down beside the glowing bars在炉罩边低眉弯腰Murmur, a little sadly, how Love fled忧戚沉思，喃喃而语And paced upon the mountains overhead爱情是怎样逝去，又怎样步上群山And hid his face amid a crowd of stars怎样在繁星之间藏住了脸重点词汇：Pilgrim 朝圣Pace 步伐Glow 发光Murmur 喃喃细语

TONI MORRISON (b. 1931) is one of the most successful and admired authors in the history of American literature. Her novels include The Bluest Eye (1970), Sula (1973), Song of Solomon (1977) and Beloved (1987), which is widely considered to be her masterpiece. After successful careers in both academia and publishing during the 1960s and '70s, Morrison's critical and commercial success enabled her to devote more time to her writing. In 1993, the Nobel Committee awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature to Morrison, "who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality."  In this episode, host Jacke Wilson intersperses Toni Morrison's biographical details and literary achievements with a discussion of his first encounters with Morrison's works and what they meant to him.  Help support the show at patreon.com/literature or historyofliterature.com/shop. (We appreciate it!) Find out more at historyofliterature.com, jackewilson.com, or by following Jacke and Mike on Twitter at @thejackewilson and @literatureSC. Or send an email to jackewilsonauthor@gmail.com. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Laser are used in some many things around us from computer storage, discs, communication, medical scanning and even laser surgery. Turning lasers from an expensive tool in the exclusive hands of large laboratories to something people all over the world can simply and easily use required groundbreaking physics. As did turning a laser into a pair of precise tweezers. For that groundbreaking research Arthur Ashkin, Gerad Morou and Donna Strickland won the Nobel Prize in physics in 2018. We find out about lasers, how they're used and how they were made powerful and precise.References: Ashkin, A. (1997) Optical trapping and manipulation of neutral particles using lasers,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 94, pp. 4853–4860 Strickland, D. and Mourou, G. (1985) Compression of Amplified Chirped Optical Pulses,Optics Communications , Vol. 56, Nr 3 How Lasers Work. (2018). Retrieved from https://lasers.llnl.gov/education/how_lasers_work The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, The Nobel Committee for Physics. (2018, October). Tools made of light [Press release]. Retrieved from https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/popular-physicsprize2018.pdf Image Credit: Baxley/JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) frequency comb, 2012

Welcome to the Daily Dive: WEEKEND EDITION. This is a compilation of the best stories of the week. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

“The main practical application of CPA so far has been in the eye surgery. It was the first one, and I think it is the one that is used by the most people for something practical.”Donna Strickland on the phone this morning with Göran Hansson of the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute, after learning that she had shared the Nobel Prize in Physics. CPA is chirped pulse amplification, a technique for producing incredibly short pulses of laser light of very high intensity.A few minutes before talking with Strickland, Hansson made the announcement:“This year's prize is about tools made from light. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has today decided to award the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics with one half to Arthur Ashkin for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems and the other half jointly to Gérard Mourou and Donna Strickland for their method of generating high-intensity, ultrashort optical pulses.“Arthur Ashkin was born in 1922 in New York City. He made his remarkable invention at the Bell Laboratories in New Jersey in the United States. Gérard Mourou was born in 1944 in Albertville in France. And he's currently at the École Polytechnique in Palaiseau in France, and also affiliated with the University of Michigan in the United States.“Donna Strickland was born in 1959 in Guelph, and she's currently at the University of Waterloo in Canada. Drs. Mourou and Strickland did much of their groundbreaking work together at the University of Rochester in the United States.”Physicist Olga Bottner, chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics, added:“Today we celebrate two inventions within the field of laser physics that have opened new scientific vistas. But what's more, have already led to applications of direct benefit to society. Optical tweezers allowing control of tiny living organisms. And an amplification technique enabling construction of high-intensity compact laser systems.”For an in-depth listen about the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics, look for the Scientific American Science Talk podcast later today.—Steve Mirsky[The above text is a transcript of this podcast.]

“The main practical application of CPA so far has been in the eye surgery. It was the first one, and I think it is the one that is used by the most people for something practical.”Donna Strickland on the phone this morning with Göran Hansson of the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute, after learning that she had shared the Nobel Prize in Physics. CPA is chirped pulse amplification, a technique for producing incredibly short pulses of laser light of very high intensity.A few minutes before talking with Strickland, Hansson made the announcement:“This year's prize is about tools made from light. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has today decided to award the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics with one half to Arthur Ashkin for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems and the other half jointly to Gérard Mourou and Donna Strickland for their method of generating high-intensity, ultrashort optical pulses.“Arthur Ashkin was born in 1922 in New York City. He made his remarkable invention at the Bell Laboratories in New Jersey in the United States. Gérard Mourou was born in 1944 in Albertville in France. And he's currently at the École Polytechnique in Palaiseau in France, and also affiliated with the University of Michigan in the United States.“Donna Strickland was born in 1959 in Guelph, and she's currently at the University of Waterloo in Canada. Drs. Mourou and Strickland did much of their groundbreaking work together at the University of Rochester in the United States.”Physicist Olga Bottner, chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics, added:“Today we celebrate two inventions within the field of laser physics that have opened new scientific vistas. But what's more, have already led to applications of direct benefit to society. Optical tweezers allowing control of tiny living organisms. And an amplification technique enabling construction of high-intensity compact laser systems.”For an in-depth listen about the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics, look for the Scientific American Science Talk podcast later today.—Steve Mirsky[The above text is a transcript of this podcast.]

“The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute has today decided to award the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, jointly to James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation.”Thomas Perlmann, secretary of the Nobel Assembly shortly after 5:30 this morning Eastern time.“James P. Allison was born in Alice, in Texas, in the United States. He performed his prize-winning studies at the University of California, Berkeley, and at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York. He is now active at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. Tasuku Honjo was born in Kyoto, in Japan. He performed his prize-winning studies at Kyoto University, where he is still active.”Karolinska Institute immunologist Klas Kärre, a member of the Nobel Committee, explained the significance of the work of the new Nobel laureates:“Allison's and Honjo's discoveries have added a new pillar in cancer therapy. It represents a completely new principle, because unlike the previous strategies it is not based on targeting the cancer cells, but rather the brakes, the checkpoints, of the host immune system. The seminal discoveries by the two laureates constitute a paradigmatic shift and a landmark in the fight against cancer.”For an in-depth listen about the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, look for the Scientific American Science Talk podcast later today.—Steve Mirsky[The above text is a transcript of this podcast.]

“The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute has today decided to award the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, jointly to James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation.”Thomas Perlmann, secretary of the Nobel Assembly shortly after 5:30 this morning Eastern time.“James P. Allison was born in Alice, in Texas, in the United States. He performed his prize-winning studies at the University of California, Berkeley, and at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York. He is now active at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. Tasuku Honjo was born in Kyoto, in Japan. He performed his prize-winning studies at Kyoto University, where he is still active.”Karolinska Institute immunologist Klas Kärre, a member of the Nobel Committee, explained the significance of the work of the new Nobel laureates:“Allison's and Honjo's discoveries have added a new pillar in cancer therapy. It represents a completely new principle, because unlike the previous strategies it is not based on targeting the cancer cells, but rather the brakes, the checkpoints, of the host immune system. The seminal discoveries by the two laureates constitute a paradigmatic shift and a landmark in the fight against cancer.”For an in-depth listen about the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, look for the Scientific American Science Talk podcast later today.—Steve Mirsky[The above text is a transcript of this podcast.]

Hardtalk is in Oslo to speak to the winners of the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize, ICAN (the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons.) It comes as North Korea continues its testing of missiles capable of reaching the United States with a nuclear warhead. President Trump has threatened ‘fire and fury' against North Korea and talks of increasing America's nuclear weapons stockpile. Earlier this year ICAN helped to deliver the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons which was signed by 122 countries, although none of the nuclear armed powers signed. Stephen Sackur talks to ICAN's executive director, Beatrice Fihn. What use is this Nobel Peace Prize when the world's nuclear powers are not listening?(Photo: Setsuko Thurlow (C) and Beatrice Fihn (R) the Executive Director of ICAN, receive the Nobel Peace Prize 2017 award from Berit Reiss-Andersen head Nobel Committee of Norway. Credit: Nigel Waldron/Getty Images)

Hardtalk is in Oslo to speak to the winners of the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize, ICAN (the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons.) It comes as North Korea continues its testing of missiles capable of reaching the United States with a nuclear warhead. President Trump has threatened ‘fire and fury’ against North Korea and talks of increasing America’s nuclear weapons stockpile. Earlier this year ICAN helped to deliver the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons which was signed by 122 countries, although none of the nuclear armed powers signed. Stephen Sackur talks to ICAN’s executive director, Beatrice Fihn. What use is this Nobel Peace Prize when the world’s nuclear powers are not listening? (Photo: Setsuko Thurlow (C) and Beatrice Fihn (R) the Executive Director of ICAN, receive the Nobel Peace Prize 2017 award from Berit Reiss-Andersen head Nobel Committee of Norway. Credit: Nigel Waldron/Getty Images)

  Exactly two weeks to the day before this interview, Beatrice Fihn received a phone call from Norway. It was the Nobel Committee informing her that the NGO she leads, the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons, was awarded the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize.  The committee cited ICAN, as the NGO is known, for its work to achieve an international treaty against nuclear weapons. The treaty is often compared to the Landmine Ban Treaty and Convention Against Chemical Weapons in that it invokes broadly humanitarian principles to ban what is an inherently indiscriminate weapon. The treaty was finalized in July and has already gained over 50 signatories from governments, with many more expected in the near future.   What does this treaty hope to accomplish? What logic do Beatrice Fihn and her colleagues  use to press their case against countries who include nuclear weapons as part of their national security strategies?  How will winning the Nobel Peace Prize affect her organization's work? Fihn discusses these questions at length, and explains how campaigning to abolish nuclear weapons takes a kind of fearlessness and disregard for traditional power dynamics.  (And it's worth pointing out that this is a treaty that is opposed, at least for now, by all nuclear weapons possessing states.)   We also discuss Beatrice Finh's life and career and how she first became interested in nuclear issues. It's an inspiring conversation.    We kick off with a discussion about the moment she learned her organization had won the Nobel Peace Prize.      Become a premium subscriber to unlock bonus episodes, earn other rewards, and support the show!  

The way the Nobel Committee tells it, the story of this year's physics prize begins like a certain 1970s space opera. “Once upon a time, a long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away, two massive black holes engaged in a deadly dance,” said physicist and Nobel committee member Olga Botner at today's prize announcement. The pair spiraled toward each other, colliding to form an even bigger black hole with a mass 62 times that of Earth's sun.

To understand how galaxies evolve, Dr Rebecca Allen uses Hubble and Keck images to study star-forming galaxies and galaxies that are not forming stars. Rebecca’s passion for both outreach and research makes for a exceptional episode as she paints a clear picture of galactic evolution. to help us understand some of the fundamental elements of our cosmos. For observers and astrophotographers, Dr Ian ‘Astroblog’ Musgrave continues with ‘What’s Up Doc’ and tells us when, where and what to look for in morning and evening skies. In Ian’s Tangent, Ian helps us understand more about the new discovery of Binary Comets. In the news: The discovery of the 4th Gravitational Wave announced as a result of a collaboration between researchers at the Italian GW facility and the LIGO detector. The 2017 Nobel Prize for Physics awarded to 3 men (out of the hundreds of) researchers who created LIGO and the first GW detection. Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnett still not recognised by the Nobel Committee for her discovery and analysis of Pulsars. That honour was snagged by the bloke who ‘supervised ’her research.