Podcasts about plymouth marine laboratory

Industrial civilisation is close to breaching a seventh planetary boundary, and may already have crossed it, according to scientists who have compiled the latest report on the state of the world's life-support systems. They say ocean acidification is close to critical threshold, posing a threat to marine ecosystems and global liveability. Ian Sample speaks to Prof Helen Findlay, a biological oceanographer at the Plymouth Marine Laboratory, to find out why the oceans have reached this state, and whether there is anything we can do to reverse the damage.. Help support our independent journalism at theguardian.com/sciencepod

What should we do with our old oil rigs? Can the relics of the fossil fuel age be good for wildlife? Helen Czerski and Tom Heap investigate the future for the steel and concrete that's fuelled the modern age.Helen visits a highly specialist scrapyard on Teeside which dismantles oil rigs bought ashore at the end of their lives. Tom and Helen discuss whether the rules on what happens to old oil and gas installations in the North Sea should be relaxed to allow some to be turned into artificial reefs. They hear from Professor Matt Frost from Plymouth Marine Laboratory and INSITE, an international project investigating the future for undersea structures; Dr Alethea Madgett a marine ecologist who's researching how old rigs can be used in nature restoration; and Ricky Thomson from the industry body Offshore Energies UK. Producer: Sarah Swadling Assistant Producers: Christina Sinclair and Toby FieldRare Earth is a BBC Audio Wales and West production in conjunction with the Open University

Join host Rhea on Yachting International Radio's Yacht Crew Vlogs as she interviews Professor Icarus Allen from the Plymouth Marine Laboratory and Brett Phaneuf from Submergence Group about Project Oceanus, the world's first long-range autonomous research vessel.  Discover the inspiration behind the project's name and its mission to extend oceanic research capabilities. Learn how autonomous technology is revolutionizing our understanding of ocean ecosystems and climate change impacts, with data publicly available to aid global research efforts.  Don't miss this fascinating discussion on the future of oceanic research! For more information on Submergence Group: https://www.msubs.com/ For Brett Phaneuf: https://www.linkedin.com/in/brett-phaneuf/ For more information on Plymouth Marine Laboratory: https://www.pml.ac.uk/ For Professor Icarus Allen: https://www.linkedin.com/in/icarus-allen-33a22b69/ #ProjectOceanus #OceanicResearch #AutonomousVessels #ClimateChange #OceanEcosystems #YachtingInternationalRadio #YachtCrewVlogs #ScienceResearch #EnvironmentalMonitoring

As we take a look at water security in farming this week, the NFU's water specialist gives us an overview of the issues farmers are facing at the moment. New research looks at why bees are emerging earlier in the year and how this might impact crops. Scientists from the University of East Anglia and the Plymouth Marine Laboratory have installed sensors that can 'sniff' for a gas which could, one day, help mitigate the impact of global warming. Presented by Caz Graham and produced by Beatrice Fenton.

Submarines, robots and even artificial intelligence are some of the tools scientists will use to identify new species in the ocean. Ocean Census, launched on April 27, aims to identify 100,000 marine species in the next decade. “Well, at the moment, our knowledge of where life is in the ocean, how much of it there is, is very limited. And without that knowledge, we can't modify our human activities to conserve that life for future generations,” says Professor Alex Rogers, director of Ocean Census, who will participate in the organization's first mission, in the Arctic. Founded by Nekton, a UK-based research institute, and The Nippon Foundation, a Japanese non-profit, Ocean Census is an alliance of scientific organizations wanting to accelerate the discovery of marine species. “People are too focused on outer space, however, little is known beneath our feet - the ocean. That's why it's so important to bring attention to the ocean through these new discoveries,” says Yōhei Sasakawa, chairperson of The Nippon Foundation. And the clock is ticking. Talking during a Nekton mission in 2022, Aya Naseem, co-founder of Maldives Coral Institute said: “We're moving to a 1.5 degrees rise in global temperatures by 2030, and at that rate, corals of the world will be reduced by more than 90%. So unless we can drastically reduce global carbon emissions, coral reefs will not survive.” Ocean Census aims to be the “largest program in history to discover new marine life.” It'll be based in Oxford, U.K., at the University Museum of Natural History, which houses specimen finds dating back to the time of Charles Darwin. “It is an ambitious endeavor, but ambition is what we need at the moment,” says Professor Steve Widdicombe, director of science at Plymouth Marine Laboratory, who isn't associated with Ocean Census or its partners. This article was provided by The Associated Press.

The recent 10th World Ocean Summit, a leading annual global event on the marine economy took place in Lisbon, focusing on the theme, "inspiring ocean solutions".  I was lucky enough to interview two of the speakers at this years World Ocean Summit and in my first interview I talk to Professor Steve Widdicombe.  Professor Widdicombe talks about his background, technology advancements, having information much more quickly, earthquakes, plankton, new species, making a difference and more.  More about Professor Steve Widdicombe: Professor Stephen Widdicombe is a marine ecologist who has studied the impacts of humans and climate on marine ecosystems and biodiversity for more than 30 years. His work has substantially increased understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the marine environment. Professor Widdicombe contributed to the founding of the Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network (GOA-ON), becoming co-chair of its executive council in 2019. In 2021 he co-led the development and endorsement of the UN Ocean Decade Programme OARS (Ocean Acidification Research for Sustainability), which aims to provide society with the observational and scientific evidence needed to sustainably identify, monitor, mitigate and adapt to ocean acidification.

The UN's Sustainable Development Goal 14, Target 14.3, calls for minimising and addressing the impacts of ocean acidification through co-operation at all levels. There is an urgent need for scientific communities to come together with the media, education systems, policymakers and civil society to help bring more attention to the issue and to come up with technological solutions and robust legislation.Listen to the panel discussion on ocean acidification by Steve Widdicombe, director of science, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Peter Thomson, United Nation Secretary-general's special envoy for the ocean, Malaika Vaz, explorer, National Geographic, and Founder, Untamed Planet and moderated by Charles Goddard, editorial director, Economist Impact.Learn more about ocean acidification at: https://backtoblueinitiative.com/ocean-acidification/Follow the Back to Blue series for more podcast episodes, or visit backtoblueinitiative.com for more content. Back to Blue is an initiative of Economist Impact and The Nippon Foundation. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The UN's Sustainable Development Goal 14, Target 14.3, calls for minimising and addressing the impacts of ocean acidification through co-operation at all levels. There is an urgent need for scientific communities to come together with the media, education systems, policymakers and civil society to help bring more attention to the issue and to come up with technological solutions and robust legislation.Listen to the panel discussion on ocean acidification by Steve Widdicombe, director of science, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Peter Thomson, United Nation Secretary-general's special envoy for the ocean, Malaika Vaz, explorer, National Geographic, and Founder, Untamed Planet and moderated by Charles Goddard, editorial director, Economist Impact.Learn more about ocean acidification at: https://backtoblueinitiative.com/ocean-acidification/Follow the Back to Blue series for more podcast episodes, or visit backtoblueinitiative.com for more content.Back to Blue is an initiative of Economist Impact and The Nippon Foundation. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The FFAW does not agree with DFO science on mackerel stock; DFO's Julie Pantin on stock assessment for crab; Steve Widdicombe, director of Science at Plymouth Marine Laboratory, presenting at World Ocean Summit in Portugal.

There's so much plastic in our seas that we may leave behind a layer of plastic for future archaeologists to study. What can be done to clean up our oceans?In this episode, Euronews science reporter Jeremy Wilks discusses plastic pollution with Pennie Lindeque from Plymouth Marine Laboratory and Francois Galgani from Ifremer. You'll also hear activist Alexandra Cousteau talk about her favourite marine animal. You won't believe what it is. Hosted by Jeremy Wilks. Produced by Naira Davlashyan and Natalia Oelsner. Editing is by Lory Martinez, Chiara Santella and Luis Lopez from Studio Ochenta. The theme music is by Gabriel Dalmasso. Our editor-in-chief is Sophie Claudet. For more from Alexandra Cousteau click here. For more from Pennie Lindeque click here. Follow Plymouth Marine Laboratory. Check out Ifremer's website to learn more about Francois Galgani's work.Created in partnership with the European Commission's Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries and is hosted by Euronews science reporter Jeremy Wilks. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Although the climate-changing effects of Carbon Dioxide emissions are well known, they are changing our oceans too, making them more acidic. But how much? Tim Harford explores the statistical quirks of ocean acidification, from pH to the mysteries of logarithmic scales. With Dr Helen Findlay from the Plymouth Marine Laboratory in the UK.

It's the Royal Society's annual Summer Science Exhibition, but with a digital difference. We go behind the scenes to hear whether bees have favourite flowers, and discover smelly science of your armpit microbiome...Plus, in the news, the data on masks is mixed; might it be that most people aren't using them properly? Also, are "ice berg basements" why Brian May's home flooded in London? And an app that can spot anaemia from a selfie... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

It's the Royal Society's annual Summer Science Exhibition, but with a digital difference. We go behind the scenes to hear whether bees have favourite flowers, and discover smelly science of your armpit microbiome...Plus, in the news, the data on masks is mixed; might it be that most people aren't using them properly? Also, are "ice berg basements" why Brian May's home flooded in London? And an app that can spot anaemia from a selfie... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Dr Lauren Biermann from the Plymouth Marine Laboratory was awarded the Ocean Awards 2021 Science Award for her work using satellite data to find patches of floating plastic litter from space. Speaking here to Charles Clover of Blue Marine Foundation, she describes how she developed a machine learning algorithm to help the satellites distinguish between ocean debris and plastics, helping take the first step in removing plastic litter from our oceans.

In this episode Emma is joined by Dr Angela Meade, the founder of Biome Algae, and Amy Plisbury, a Marine Scientist with the University of Exeter and Plymouth Marine Laboratory.We discuss the misconceptions around seaweed, how it can be used within wider industry, as well as how it can be farmed and utilised as part of a more sustainable solution for the future of our oceans.To listen to other episodes from the Sustain This? Podcast visit: https://www.vivobarefoot.com/uk/sustainthis

Podcast episode 38, 3rd December 2020 - this week SUT CEO Steve Hall interviews Professor Ralph Rayner, who has served the global ocean science and technology community in many capacities since the late 1970s. Ralph's unusually broad career has included periods in research, industry, policy, and supporting international sustained ocean observing at governmental level on both sides of the Atlantic. Initially fascinated with the technology of diving and training as a scuba diver as a student, Ralph found his way into a career in underwater technology via a biology Bachelor's degree, then after a Masters in Underwater Science and Technology he undertook PhD work in the remote Chagos islands of the Indian Ocean. Ralph then entered industry, working in a variety of fields connected by a common thread of ocean technology, data and an ever-deepening understanding of the broad ocean science picture, eventually attaining senior level in several well-known companies. He first joined SUT in 1978 thanks to his interest in underwater technology and marine science education, and has served several times on Council, most recently as SUT's President. Ralph is Chair of Sonardyne Group, as well as supporting the US Integrated Ocean Observing System through his role in the NOAA IOOS Program Office. He serves on the advisory Boards of the Schmidt Ocean Institute and the Trustee Board of Plymouth Marine Laboratory. Ralph's influence in our community has been very much a result of his keen interest in a broader than usual range of subjects, and he's still learning, exploring, and eager to spread the word about the value of ocean science and technology for the benefit of our global community, including supporting the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development, and encouraging closer ties between SUT and the Marine Technology Society Find out more about SUT at www.sut.org If you'd like to attend our AGM on 14th December, see https://www.sut.org/event/sut-agm/ to register. Thanks to Emily Boddy for creating the podcast artwork, and composing & performing the podcast theme music. Contact SUT at info@sut.org - especially if you'd like to feature in a future podcast episode. We'll be back next week with an interview with open-source intelligence specialist H.I.SuttonSupport the show

Hannah MacInnes joins Prof. Penelope Lindeque, Head of Microplastic Research at Plymouth Marine Laboratory, at The Klosters Forum 2019 to discuss the issue of plastic pollution and to hear her personal insights on this complex topic.Prof. Penelope Lindeque is a molecular biologist with more than 20 years expertise in marine ecology. For the last 10 years her focus has included investigating the bioavailability and impact of microplastics on marine biota and has most recently included looking at solutions for microplastic pollution.  Penelope has supervised 6 PhD students researching the sources, fate and impacts of plastic in the marine environment. She has presented to the Parliamentary and Scientific committee on the problem of plastics and plankton, contributed to the Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology (POST) briefing on public policy issues related to marine microplastic pollution. She has published more than 50 peer reviewed papers with more than 4000 citations, she has led a number of field campaigns, most recently looking at the abundance and distribution of microplastics in coastal and open ocean areas. Her research has featured in many documentaries including Blue Planet II, Countryfile, and BBC Inside Out.  Penelope with colleagues from Exeter and Plymouth Universities were group winners of the NERC societal impact award and overall winners award - presented in London 2018.

STEMxm Episode 9-  Bias, Sexism and Bullying in STEM post-election, Discussion and Commentary  Mariel Kolker: Ms. Kolker earned a degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Rutgers in 1987. In her early career, she worked for Con Edison in manholes, inside transformers, power plants, substations, and the Emergency Control Center. She went on to earn an MBA in Finance from Fordham in 1995. She worked in finance for Con Edison, and in marketing and operations for PSE&G.  She transitioned to a teaching role in the year 2000. Today, Ms. Kolker teaches at Morristown High School.  Prior to this, she taught physics & engineering at Watchung Hills Regional High School and Morris Hills Regional High School, having had babies in between each. Ms. Kolker strives to bring real-world practicality to the teaching of both physics and engineering.  She focuses on skills that are relevant and desirable in the workplace. You can find her blog here. Dr. Jack Gilbert:  Professor Jack A Gilbert earned his Ph.D. from Unilever and Nottingham University, UK in 2002, and received his postdoctoral training at Queens University, Canada. He subsequently returned to the UK in 2005 to Plymouth Marine Laboratory as a senior scientist until his move to Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Chicago in 2010. Currently, Professor Gilbert is in Department of Surgery at the University of Chicago, and is Group Leader for Microbial Ecology at Argonne National Laboratory. He is also Associate Director of the Institute of Genomic and Systems Biology, Research Associate at the Field Museum of Natural History, and Senior Scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory. Dr. Gilbert uses molecular analysis to test fundamental hypotheses in microbial ecology. He has authored more than 200 peer reviewed publications and book chapters on metagenomics and approaches to ecosystem ecology. In 2014 he was recognized on Crain’s Business Chicago’s 40 Under 40 List, and in 2015 he was listed as one of the 50 most influential scientists by Business Insider, and in the Brilliant Ten by Popular Scientist.   Resources & Articles Growth Mindset versus Fixed Mindset ~ Carol S. Dweck, PhD Gender Gap in STEM majors linked to high school job plans Michelle Dickinson is Nano Girl on YouTube; her TED talk Unconscious Bias Sexism in Science: Science postdoc told to grin and bear prof's wandering eye Thoughts on STEM Diversity by Dr. Jonathan Eisen The Mistrust of Science - A New Yorker article by Atul Gawande We Will Not Mourn, We Will Organize - Gloria Steinem   STEMxm is available on iTunes & Stitcher:

Dr Jack A Gilbert earned his Ph.D. from Unilever and Nottingham University, UK in 2002, and received his postdoctoral training at Queens University, Canada. He subsequently returned to the UK in 2005 to Plymouth Marine Laboratory at a senior scientist until his move to Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Chicago in 2010. Dr Gilbert is Group Leader for Microbial Ecology at Argonne National Laboratory, Associate Professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolution and the Department of Surgery at University of Chicago, Associate Director of the Institute of Genomic and Systems Biology, and Senior Scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory. Dr. Gilbert uses molecular analysis and sequencing tools to test fundamental hypotheses in ARgone National Labmicrobial ecology. He has authored more than 160 peer reviewed publications and book chapters on metagenomics and approaches to ecosystem ecology (www.gilbertlab.com). He is currently working on generating observational and mechanistic models of microbial communities in natural, urban, built and human ecosystems. He is on the board of the Genomic Standards Consortium is a section editor for PLoS ONE and senior editor for the ISME Journal and Environmental Microbiology. Among other projects, he leads the Earth Microbiome Project Home Microbiome Project Hospital Microbiome Project and co-founded American Gut. In 2014 he was recognized on Crainâ??s Buisness Chicagoâ??s 40 Under 40 List. Dr. Gilbert was mentioned in a few interviews recently when we got into discussions on the microbiome of the built environment. He is a prolific researcher and speaker we are thrilled to have been able to schedule him this week.

Dr Jack A Gilbert earned his Ph.D. from Unilever and Nottingham University, UK in 2002, and received his postdoctoral training at Queens University, Canada. He subsequently returned to the UK in 2005 to Plymouth Marine Laboratory at a senior scientist until his move to Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Chicago in 2010. Dr Gilbert is Group Leader for Microbial Ecology at Argonne National Laboratory, Associate Professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolution and the Department of Surgery at University of Chicago, Associate Director of the Institute of Genomic and Systems Biology, and Senior Scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory. Dr. Gilbert uses molecular analysis and sequencing tools to test fundamental hypotheses in ARgone National Labmicrobial ecology. He has authored more than 160 peer reviewed publications and book chapters on metagenomics and approaches to ecosystem ecology (www.gilbertlab.com). He is currently working on generating observational and mechanistic models of microbial communities in natural, urban, built and human ecosystems. He is on the board of the Genomic Standards Consortium is a section editor for PLoS ONE and senior editor for the ISME Journal and Environmental Microbiology. Among other projects, he leads the Earth Microbiome Project Home Microbiome Project Hospital Microbiome Project and co-founded American Gut. In 2014 he was recognized on Crainâ??s Buisness Chicagoâ??s 40 Under 40 List. Dr. Gilbert was mentioned in a few interviews recently when we got into discussions on the microbiome of the built environment. He is a prolific researcher and speaker we are thrilled to have been able to schedule him this week.

Dr Jack A Gilbert earned his Ph.D. from Unilever and Nottingham University, UK in 2002, and received his postdoctoral training at Queens University, Canada. He subsequently returned to the UK in 2005 to Plymouth Marine Laboratory at a senior scientist until his move to Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Chicago in 2010. Dr Gilbert is Group Leader for Microbial Ecology at Argonne National Laboratory, Associate Professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolution and the Department of Surgery at University of Chicago, Associate Director of the Institute of Genomic and Systems Biology, and Senior Scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory. Dr. Gilbert uses molecular analysis and sequencing tools to test fundamental hypotheses in microbial ecology. He has authored more than 160 peer reviewed publications and book chapters on metagenomics and approaches to ecosystem ecology (www.gilbertlab.com). He is currently working on generating observational and mechanistic models of microbial communities in natural, urban, built and human ecosystems. He is on the board of the Genomic Standards Consortium is a section editor for PLoS ONE and senior editor for the ISME Journal and Environmental Microbiology. Among other projects, he leads the Earth Microbiome Project Home Microbiome Project Hospital Microbiome Project and co-founded American Gut. In 2014 he was recognized on Crain's Buisness Chicago's 40 Under 40 List. Dr. Gilbert was mentioned in a few interviews recently when we got into discussions on the microbiome of the built environment. He is a prolific researcher and speaker we are thrilled to have been able to schedule him this week. LEARN MORE about what's really happening in our indoor environments this week on IAQ Radio!

Dr Jack A Gilbert earned his Ph.D. from Unilever and Nottingham University, UK in 2002, and received his postdoctoral training at Queens University, Canada. He subsequently returned to the UK in 2005 to Plymouth Marine Laboratory at a senior scientist until his move to Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Chicago in 2010. Dr Gilbert is Group Leader for Microbial Ecology at Argonne National Laboratory, Associate Professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolution and the Department of Surgery at University of Chicago, Associate Director of the Institute of Genomic and Systems Biology, and Senior Scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory. Dr. Gilbert uses molecular analysis and sequencing tools to test fundamental hypotheses in microbial ecology. He has authored more than 160 peer reviewed publications and book chapters on metagenomics and approaches to ecosystem ecology (www.gilbertlab.com). He is currently working on generating observational and mechanistic models of microbial communities in natural, urban, built and human ecosystems. He is on the board of the Genomic Standards Consortium is a section editor for PLoS ONE and senior editor for the ISME Journal and Environmental Microbiology. Among other projects, he leads the Earth Microbiome Project Home Microbiome Project Hospital Microbiome Project and co-founded American Gut. In 2014 he was recognized on Crain's Buisness Chicago's 40 Under 40 List. Dr. Gilbert was mentioned in a few interviews recently when we got into discussions on the microbiome of the built environment. He is a prolific researcher and speaker we are thrilled to have been able to schedule him this week. LEARN MORE about what's really happening in our indoor environments this week on IAQ Radio!

It seems that hardly a week goes by without a major earthquake striking somewhere in the world, which may be why many people have been asking scientists at the British Geological Survey if earthquakes are getting more frequent. Richard Hollingham talks to expert seismologist Brian Baptie from BGS, who uses clever musical software to give us the answer. We also hear from Plymouth Marine Laboratory scientists on a boat off the coast of Cornwall in the UK. They're sampling seawater and sediment from the seafloor to try to understand how marine ecosystems change from one month to the next,... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

It seems that hardly a week goes by without a major earthquake striking somewhere in the world, which may be why many people have been asking scientists at the British Geological Survey if earthquakes are getting more frequent. Richard Hollingham talks to expert seismologist Brian Baptie from BGS, who uses clever musical software to give us the answer. We also hear from Plymouth Marine Laboratory scientists on a boat off the coast of Cornwall in the UK. They're sampling seawater and sediment from the seafloor to try to understand how marine ecosystems change from one month to the next, coming across many weird and wonderful creatures in the process. Finally we get an action-packed update from Cambridge scientist Tim Cockerill, who's in northern Borneo investigating the effects of palm plantations on the biodiversity of rainforest insects. Sounds like fun? Not until you hear about the leeches.

It seems that hardly a week goes by without a major earthquake striking somewhere in the world, which may be why many people have been asking scientists at the British Geological Survey if earthquakes are getting more frequent. Richard Hollingham talks to expert seismologist Brian Baptie from BGS, who uses clever musical software to give us the answer. We also hear from Plymouth Marine Laboratory scientists on a boat off the coast of Cornwall in the UK. They're sampling seawater and sediment from the seafloor to try to understand how marine ecosystems change from one month to the next,... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Everyone loves a rockpool, and Sue Nelson nearly takes a dive into one in this week's podcast while finding out about the riches they contain. She visits the Anglesey coast of north Wales to learn what these mini marine laboratories can tell us about the value of biodiversity. The effects of climate change range from rising temperatures and higher sea levels to extreme weather and mass extinctions. Richard Hollingham reports from the Plymouth Marine Laboratory where scientists are investigating another, hidden process - increasing ocean acidification. And finally we learn how scientists are using pan scourers to find out how communities of marine creatures might respond to chemical changes in our oceans.

Everyone loves a rockpool, and Sue Nelson nearly takes a dive into one in this week's podcast while finding out about the riches they contain.She visits the Anglesey coast of north Wales to learn what these mini marine laboratories can tell us about the value of biodiversity.The effects of climate change range from rising temperatures and higher sea levels to extreme weather and mass extinctions. Richard Hollingham reports from the Plymouth Marine Laboratory where scientists are investigating another, hidden process - increasing ocean acidification.And finally we learn how scientists are using... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Everyone loves a rockpool, and Sue Nelson nearly takes a dive into one in this week's podcast while finding out about the riches they contain.She visits the Anglesey coast of north Wales to learn what these mini marine laboratories can tell us about the value of biodiversity.The effects of climate change range from rising temperatures and higher sea levels to extreme weather and mass extinctions. Richard Hollingham reports from the Plymouth Marine Laboratory where scientists are investigating another, hidden process - increasing ocean acidification.And finally we learn how scientists are using... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists