Podcasts about Michelle Dickinson

On the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast for Sunday 15 February 2026, British Australian actress Miriam Margolyes chats her upcoming new film Holy Days and pushes back on rumours she might not have long left to live. We often think of grief as death but we all experience living losses too. Dr Lucy Hone is a specialist in resilience psychology and talks to Francesca about recognising other forms of loss and grief and how we can all cope with the hard things in life. Sailing Professor Mark Orams calls for changes to Sail GP following the Black Foils major crash on the first day of the Auckland event, while Francesca pushes back on suggestions the Winter Olympics are elitist. And scientists have found coffee consumption might reduce your dementia risk ... or have they? Dr Michelle Dickinson clears up the latest in coffee research. Get the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast every Sunday on iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

If you're holding a cup of coffee or tea right now, here's a small piece of encouraging news. A large study published in the journal JAMA suggests that people who drink two to three cups of caffeinated coffee or tea a day have about a 15-20 percent lower risk of developing dementia compared to people who avoid these drinks altogether. The researchers analysed data from more than 130,000 men and women followed for up to 43 years as part of two major US health studies. Participants regularly reported what they ate and drank, whether they developed dementia, and how their cognitive abilities changed over time. The people who drank the most caffeinated coffee or tea had an 18 percent lower risk of dementia compared to those who drank little or none. The benefit seemed to plateau at around two to three cups of coffee or one to two cups of tea per day. Decaf coffee showed no clear link to reduced dementia risk. Regular caffeine drinkers also reported slightly less cognitive decline and performed a bit better on some objective brain function tests. Now we have to remember there may be other factors. It's possible that people who drink tea and coffee differ in other ways, maybe they're more socially engaged, more active, or have different sleep patterns. For example, people with poor sleep (which is linked to higher dementia risk) might avoid caffeine which could skew the results. There are plausible biological reasons for the link. Tea and coffee contain caffeine and polyphenols, which may: Improve blood vessel health Reduce inflammation Lower oxidative stress (damage caused by free radicals) Improve metabolic health Caffeine is also associated with lower rates of type 2 diabetes, which is itself a risk factor for dementia. But caffeine isn't purely good. In some people it raises blood pressure, and high blood pressure is a major driver of dementia risk so more isn't better. Experts estimate that up to half of dementia cases worldwide could potentially be prevented or delayed by addressing known risk factors like high blood pressure, smoking, obesity, hearing loss, poor sleep, and lack of exercise. So while your morning coffee might be part of a healthy pattern, it's not a magic shield. The real protective factors are the familiar ones: regular exercise, balanced nutrition, good sleep, social connection, and mental stimulation. If anything, this research offers gentle reassurance. If you enjoy your daily coffee or tea, there's no strong evidence here that you need to give it up for brain health and there may even be a modest benefit. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

From dirty blowouts to spit-up and stomach bugs, parents quickly learn that unpleasant messes are part of everyday life. Now, new research published in the Scandinavian Journal of Psychology suggests that this constant exposure doesn't just test patience - it actually permanently changes how the brain responds to disgust. The study found that long-term exposure to bodily waste significantly reduces parents' disgust reactions, and that this effect can last well beyond the childcare years. The findings, shed new light on how caregiving reshapes the brain and may have implications for professions where managing disgust is part of the job. Disgust is a basic human emotion that evolved to protect us from disease. The familiar 'yuck' response triggered by spoiled food, dirty environments or bodily fluids helps keep us away from potential sources of illness. It's not just psychological, the body often reacts automatically, with nausea or an urge to move away. What scientists have long debated is whether repeated exposure over months or years can truly dull this reaction. Parenthood offered a natural test case. The researchers studied 99 parents and 50 non-parents, analysing both questionnaire responses and observable behaviour, such as how much participants looked away from unpleasant images. The study included parent-specific scenarios and visuals, including pictures of heavily soiled nappies. As expected, non-parents showed strong avoidance when viewing images of bodily waste. Parents, however, reacted very differently, but only once their children had begun eating solid food. Parents of weaning or weaned children showed little to no avoidance of soiled nappies or even other forms of bodily waste. Their reactions suggested that prolonged, unavoidable exposure had desensitized them to disgust. Notably, this reduced response wasn't limited to child-related messes; it extended to bodily waste more generally. By contrast, parents whose youngest children were still exclusively milk-fed showed disgust responses similar to those of non-parents, even if they had older children. This surprised researchers and suggests that disgust may remain heightened during the earliest months of infancy, when babies are especially vulnerable to infection. The researchers believe this pattern may reflect an evolutionary adaptation. Strong disgust early on could help protect fragile infants from disease, while later desensitization allows parents to provide hands-on care when children are older and more resilient including when they're sick. The study suggests that parenthood can fundamentally reshape how people experience a deeply ingrained emotion. Researchers say these insights could help inform strategies to support healthcare workers, caregivers and others whose jobs require regular contact with unpleasant substances. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

An upside-down jellyfish drifts gently in a shallow lagoon. At first glance, it looks like it's just floating, but scientists have discovered something quietly astonishing - around midday, the jellyfish takes a brief nap to recover from a disturbed night. The fact that jellyfish, which do not have a brain, are sleeping is amazing, and that discovery may completely reshape how we understand why all animals, including humans, need sleep. A new study published in Nature Communications tracked sleep-like behaviour in two simple sea creatures - the upside-down jellyfish (Cassiopea) and the starlet sea anemone (Nematostella). Both belong to an ancient lineage that dates back more than 500 million years, long before brains, backbones, or even eyes evolved. Despite their simplicity, these animals clearly cycle between periods of activity and rest. When they're resting, they respond more slowly to food or flashes of light, a key biological hallmark of sleep seen across the animal kingdom. For decades, scientists have debated what sleep is actually for. Is it about saving energy? Consolidating memories? Clearing out metabolic waste? In humans and other vertebrates, sleep is known to help repair damage in the brain. While we're awake, tiny breaks form in DNA inside our neurons, during sleep, repair mechanisms kick in and fix that damage. Until now, scientists thought this kind of 'neural housekeeping' required a complex brain, but the jellyfish just proved otherwise. The researchers found that while jellyfish and sea anemones are active, DNA damage builds up in their nerve cells -when they rest, that damage is repaired. When scientists deliberately kept the animals awake by altering water currents, the DNA damage increased and so did the amount of sleep the animals needed afterward, mirroring the 'sleep rebound' humans experience after a bad night. When researchers exposed the animals to UV light (which damages DNA), they slept more. Once they'd rested, the damage decreased and their normal rhythms returned. Even more surprising? Adding melatonin, the hormone many humans take for jet lag caused these brainless creatures to fall asleep at unusual times. That suggests melatonin's sleep-inducing role evolved far earlier than scientists thought. Put together, the findings point to a powerful idea: sleep may have started as a cellular defence mechanism. Being awake is stressful for nerve cells as sensory input, movement, and metabolism all create molecular wear and tear. Sleep creates a quiet window of reduced stimulation where essential repairs can happen safely. If even jellyfish need that repair time, then sleep likely evolved before brains, before complex nervous systems, and before animals even had left and right sides. This doesn't mean sleep has only one purpose. In animals with more complex brains, functions like memory consolidation and learning likely layered on top of this ancient repair role, but the study strengthens the idea that protecting DNA may be the most fundamental reason we sleep. The study offers a sobering perspective on modern life, as chronic sleep deprivation in humans has already been linked to neurodegeneration and increased DNA damage. If creatures as simple as jellyfish can't function without sleep, it's a reminder that rest isn't a luxury, it's a biological necessity baked into life itself. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

What does it mean to be 'cool'? While the word can feel slippery and subjective, a new study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology suggests that people around the world largely agree on what makes someone cool - and the answer transcends culture, language and borders. According to the research, people deemed cool consistently share six personality traits, whether they live in the US, China, South Africa or Turkey. The findings suggest that modern media and global culture may have standardized the meaning of cool far more than we realize. The study draws on psychology experiments conducted between 2018 and 2022 with nearly 6,000 adults across 13 countries. Participants were asked to think of someone they considered 'cool,' 'not cool,' 'good,' or 'not good,' and then rate that person's personality traits and values. By comparing these ratings, researchers were able to identify what separates cool people from those who are merely good, or uncool. Despite wide cultural differences, the results were strikingly consistent. Cool people were seen as more extroverted, hedonistic, powerful, adventurous, open and autonomous. In other words, they were perceived as outgoing, pleasure-seeking, confident, independent and willing to take risks. The idea of cool emerged from small, rebellious subcultures including Black jazz musicians in the 1940s and the beatnik movement of the 1950s before spreading more widely. As creativity, innovation and change have become more valued in modern society, coolness has taken on a larger role. The researchers also found an important distinction between being cool and being good. While some traits overlap, good people were viewed very differently. They were more likely to be described as conforming, traditional, secure, warm, agreeable, conscientious and calm, qualities associated with stability, morality and cooperation. In other words, coolness isn't necessarily about being kind or ethical. It's about standing out, questioning conventions and projecting independence and influence. Researchers say the findings could help explain how social hierarchies form and how cultural norms change. Cool people, they argue, often occupy influential positions because they are seen as innovators and persuaders people capable of shifting attitudes and behaviours. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Humans have been chewing gum for thousands of years - from ancient tree resins to modern spearmint sticks, the habit has endured across cultures and centuries. Now, research in the journal in the journal Brain Science finds what gum-chewers have long suspected - chewing gum can really affect how our brains work. The story of gum goes back at least 8,000 years. Archaeological evidence shows that early humans chewed birchbark pitch to soften it into glue for making tools. Ancient Greeks chewed mastic resin, Native Americans used spruce sap, and the Maya enjoyed chicle, a natural latex from sapodilla trees. While these substances had practical uses, people also seemed to enjoy their soothing, calming effects. Chewing gum as we know it took off in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, thanks largely to William Wrigley Jr. who transformed gum from a novelty into an everyday habit. His brands, including Juicy Fruit and Spearmint, promised more than just flavour they sold gum as a solution for nervousness, hunger and lack of focus. Even back then, some researchers were intrigued. A study in the 1940s found that people who chewed gum appeared less tense, though scientists couldn't explain why. A 2025 scientific review examined more than 30 years of brain-imaging studies on gum chewing. Using technologies such as MRI scans, EEG recordings and near-infrared spectroscopy, the researchers looked at what happens inside the brain when people chew. They found that chewing gum doesn't just activate the muscles and sensory areas needed to move the jaw. It also affects brain regions involved in attention, alertness and emotional regulation. In EEG studies, chewing was linked to short-term changes in brain-wave patterns associated with heightened alertness and what researchers describe as 'relaxed concentration.' That may explain why gum seems to help during dull or repetitive tasks. 'If you're doing a fairly boring task for a long time, chewing seems to be able to help with concentration'. The review also found that chewing gum can reduce stress, but only under certain conditions. In lab experiments, people who chewed gum during mildly stressful situations, such as public speaking or mental math exercises, often reported feeling less anxious. However, gum didn't consistently help in high-stress medical situations, like right before surgery, or when participants faced impossible tasks designed to provoke frustration. Some experts think the effect may be related to fidgeting. Chewing gives the brain a simple, repetitive action to latch onto, which may help regulate attention and stress. As the researchers noted, chewing gum appears capable of influencing brain activity 'beyond simple oral motor control,' even if the effects are often short-lived. For now, chewing gum isn't a miracle cure for stress or focus, but it may offer a small, temporary boost during boring or mildly stressful moments. After thousands of years, science is finally beginning to explain why such a simple habit has stuck around. LISTEN ABOVE See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A study published this week in the journal American Psychologist has said that swearing can make you physically stronger. Participants were required to do a chair push up and those who swore were found to perform better than those who didn't. Michelle Dickinson and Francesca Rudkin discuss the study and how it might help people push through the Christmas season. LISTEN ABOVE See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

I've already talked this year about research that shows staring at a seagull will prevent it from stealing your chips, but as beach season starts again - here is another science backed tactic that you can use. According to new research published in the journal Biology Letters the best defence might be the simplest - just shout at the gull! The researchers tested 61 on how they responded to human voices after placing a portion of chips in a gull hotspot. As soon as a gull approached, the team played one of three recordings: A male voice shouting: “NO, STAY AWAY, THAT'S MY FOOD, THAT'S MY PASTY!” The same voice speaking the same words in a normal tone. Birdsongs from a robin. All recordings were played at the same volume, so “shouting” didn't mean louder, just sharper and more commanding. Gulls are surprisingly sensitive to the tone of human speech, even when the loudness stays the same. Nearly half the gulls exposed to the shouting voice flew away within a minute. Only 15 percent flew away when they heard the normal speaking voice and many walked away. 70 percent of gulls who heard the robin stayed exactly where they were. This is the first known study showing that wild animals can distinguish between different emotional tones in human speech. Dogs, pigs, and horses can do this, but it's never been studied in seagulls. A future version of the study may test whether a woman's voice works just as well, or perhaps even better. It's not often science gives us an excuse to yell in public, but in this case you can claim it's for your own good. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Garlic is famous for many things, boosting flavour, warding off vampires, and making your kitchen smell incredible (or incredibly strong). But new research suggests it might have one more surprising talent: acting as a natural alternative to traditional mouthwash. The research published in the Journal of Herbal Medicine found that an extract made from garlic could offer antimicrobial powers comparable to chlorhexidine, a common chemical used in many medical-grade mouthwashes. But could garlic replace chemical mouthwashes altogether? Dr Michelle Dickinson discusses the findings and her take on it with Francesca Rudkin. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast for Sunday 7 December 2025, for years it was believed Suzanne Vega's 'Luka' was about a young boy, this week she tells Francesca why, after 35 years, she finally admitted she is Luka. Kiwi band Castaway are a band on the rise, this week they perform their latest single 'Pretty Little Liar' in studio and talk about their breakout year. Andrew Coster has finally spoken out, ZB political reporter Ethan Griffiths on Coster's version of events including his claims Ministers knew more than they have let on. And is garlic the next thing in mouth wash? Dr Michelle Dickinson explains. Get the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast every Sunday on iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In Episode 10 of Rules Don't Apply, Dan Krigstein sits down with the unstoppable Dr Michelle Dickinson, aka Nano Girl: engineer, nanotechnologist, science storyteller and professional exploder-of-things (in the best possible way).Recorded live at SXSW Sydney, this conversation dives head-first into the very real, very human side of AI, education, curiosity and how we protect the next generation without holding them back. Michelle brings her trademark warmth, wit and wisdom blending deep technical insight with an unapologetically human lens.In this episode we explore: • How digital inequality is shaping who benefits and who misses out• The “McDonald's approach” to tech for kids• Why curiosity is a lifelong superpower (and how school squeezes it out of us)• How leaders can build cultures where introverts, deep thinkers and quiet creatives thriveFor anyone who's planning for the future, shaping it or nurturing the next generation who'll live in it, this episode is for you.

We often think of brain development as something that happens in childhood, stabilises in adulthood, and then gradually declines. However new research published in the journal Nature Communications suggests our brains actually move through five distinct eras, each with its own strengths, vulnerabilities, and turning points. Researchers analysed MRI brain scans from nearly 4,000 people aged between newborn and 90 years old. Their goal was to understand how the brain's internal wiring, changes over a lifetime. Dr. Michelle Dickinson joins Francesca Rudkin to break-down and analyse the study. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast for Sunday 30 November 2025, there's Oscars buzz around Russell Crowe for his portrayal of Hitlers right hand man in new film Nuremberg. This week Russell tells Francesca why he's not interested in another Academy Award. Over the last few years Synthony Festival has taken off, The Black Seeds are playing the festival for the first time, front man Barnaby Weir talks about preparing for the uniquely different performance. Chris Hipkins is in campaign mode, he shares just how he plans to get a Labour victory at the next election, and Francesca shares a warning ahead of Ikea opening this week. And science has discovered we don't become "real adults" until much later in life than we though, Dr Michelle Dickinson shares the details. Get the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast every Sunday on iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

An enchanted Santa experience was more of a nightmare before Christmas for an Auckland mum, after she discovered the T&Cs would allow the business to use any photos taken of her children for its advertising or social media. Enchanted Christmas in Auckland's Newmarket boasts 180 decorated xmas trees, over a 150,000 lights, decorations and photo opportunities with Santa and the Grinch. But mum Michelle Dickinson was put off after reading the terms and conditions that she believes ignore children's digital privacy and the risks of artificial intelligence. Dickinson spoke to Lisa Owen.

Most of us think of oral health as something that affects our teeth and gums. But what if what's happening inside your mouth is quietly influencing the rest of your body's long-term risk of disease - including diabetes and heart disease? A new study published in the Journal of Translational Medicine has just found exactly that. The study followed 65 people who were treated for root canal infections, a type of deep tooth infection that lets harmful microbes seep into the bloodstream. The researchers tracked 44 different metabolites, small molecules in the blood linked to inflammation and metabolism, both before the root canal treatment and again over the next two years. They found that: Within three months, signs of systemic inflammation dropped. Two years later, several markers of metabolic health, including blood glucose levels had significantly improved. A root canal infection is more than a sore tooth, it's a chronic bacterial invasion. When bacteria and toxins escape from infected tissue, they can enter the bloodstream and spark inflammation throughout the body. Over time, this chronic inflammation is known to interfere with how our body handles glucose - potentially increasing insulin resistance, elevating blood sugar and putting extra strain on the heart and blood vessels. The results showed that: Over half of the metabolites shifted significantly. Some amino acids linked to insulin resistance dropped. Cholesterol dipped temporarily after three months. At the two-year point, glucose levels were notably lower. Pyruvate, a molecule involved in inflammatory pathways, also declined. The study raises the question around whether dental and physical health records should be connected, so doctors and dentists can work together helping to improve your overall health holistically. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

For decades, most medical and biological research has been conducted primarily on male volunteers and male animals in laboratory studies. One of the main reasons was convenience - male hormone levels are more stable, whereas female hormones shift across the menstrual cycle, introducing variability that researchers historically preferred to avoid. But that convenience has come at a cost. When treatments are developed and tested mainly in males, the results don't always translate well to female physiology. This means that women have often been prescribed medications or therapies that were never fully tested on their biology. In some cases, women have experienced more side effects, reduced effectiveness, or entirely different outcomes than men. As we learn more, it's becoming clear that male and female bodies age differently too. And new anti-ageing treatments may need to take these differences into account. A new study published in the journal Ageing shows exactly why. The researchers discovered a combination of two drugs that extended lifespan in frail, elderly male mice by an impressive 73 percent from the start of treatment while also improving their mobility, endurance and memory. However, the same therapy did not provide the same benefits to female mice. They tested oxytocin, which is known to support tissue repair, along with another drug known as OT+A5i, which blocks a key pathway involved in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and death. The study involved 25-month-old mice which is roughly equivalent to a 75-year-old human. In male mice: Lifespan increased by 73 percent from the start of treatment. Median lifespan increased by 14 percent. Risk of death at any time decreased three-fold. Endurance, grip strength, and agility improved. Short-term memory improved. Blood biomarkers shifted toward younger, healthier levels. But in female mice: No significant extension of lifespan. No consistent improvements in strength or memory. Blood biomarkers did not shift in the same way. Researchers suggest several possibilities for the difference: Female inflammatory signalling pathways differ from males Hormonal environments change ageing differently in men and women The interaction between oxytocin and TGF-beta networks may not play the same role in female tissues This highlights the point that ageing is not identical in men and women, and treatments to slow ageing may need to be tailored accordingly. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

If you've ever tried to cook pasta at home, you'll know the struggle - one minute it's undercooked and chewy, the next minute it has disintegrated into a sticky mush. If you've ever attempted to cook gluten-free pasta, your experience has probably been even worse. So is there an idea way to cook pasta and does gluten-free pasta need different treatment? New research published in the journal Food Hydrocolloids used some of the most advanced research tools on the planet to look deep inside pasta as it cooks to find out. Using powerful beams of X-rays and neutrons from particle accelerator facilities usually reserved for studying materials, medicines and magnetic particle, they were able to figure out how to make better spaghetti. The researchers took regular and gluten-free pasta and used X-rays and neutrons to see how the pasta's internal structure changed during cooking, specifically the behaviour of gluten and starch. They even used heavy water (which contains a different form of hydrogen) to make one ingredient invisible at a time. This way, they could isolate and study gluten and starch separately. In regular pasta, gluten forms a strong internal framework which holds everything in place even when the pasta is boiling and swelling. This is why: Regular spaghetti stays firm. It doesn't fall apart easily. It digests more slowly (lower glycaemic index). In gluten-free pasta, there is no gluten scaffold. That means: The starch granules swell and collapse more easily. The pasta can turn mushy faster. It breaks down more quickly in digestion. Manufacturers try to replace gluten with processed starches, but the study showed these substitutes are much less stable, especially when overcooked. Most of us add salt to pasta water because it tastes better, but the research found it also strengthens pasta's internal structure. The perfect amount of salt was found to be 7 grams (1.5 teaspoons) of salt per litre of water. Salt helps gluten hold its shape and protects the starch granules so the pasta stays firm. More salt is not better When the researchers doubled the amount of salt, the pasta broke down faster. What did the scientists determine as the ideal cooking method for pasta? For regular pasta: Add 7 g of salt per litre of water and boil for 10 minutes For gluten-free pasta: Add 7 g of salt per litre and boil for 11 minutes Gluten-free pasta is simply less forgiving and even two extra minutes or too much salt can turn it into mush. This research isn't just about perfecting dinner. Understanding how pasta breaks down at the microscopic level can help food scientists design better gluten-free pasta that: Holds its shape better. Feels more like wheat pasta. Doesn't spike blood sugar as quickly. And more broadly, the study shows how cutting-edge scientific tools, normally used to study batteries, magnets and biological molecules are now being used to understand everyday foods. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

We've all been told the same advice for decades: 'Eat more fibre if you're constipated.' From breakfast cereals to bran muffins, fibre has long been the go-to remedy for getting things 'moving.' But new research published in two major international journals, the Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics and Neurogastroenterology & Motility has just turned that advice on its head. It turns out that while a high-fibre diet is good for your overall health, the science doesn't actually support it as an effective treatment for constipation. The researchers looked at more than 75 clinical trials and rather than just counting grams of fibre, they focus on measurable outcomes like how often someone passes stools, whether straining occurs, and overall quality of life. They identified a few key foods and supplements that have solid evidence behind them: Kiwifruit – This one topped the list! Studies show it helps improve stool frequency and consistency. Rye bread – Rich in unique fibres and bioactive compounds that appear to support gut movement. Mineral-rich water – Particularly waters high in magnesium, which can naturally draw water into the bowel. Psyllium fibre, magnesium oxide, and certain probiotics – These supplements also showed evidence of helping reduce constipation symptoms. In contrast, general 'high-fibre diets' and popular senna-based laxatives were found to lack convincing scientific support for long-term effectiveness. Constipation isn't just uncomfortable, it can seriously affect quality of life. It's also incredibly common, especially among adults and older populations. Until now, most medical advice has been frustratingly simple: 'Eat more fibre and drink more water.' But the new research suggests that this one-size-fits-all approach is outdated. Fibre is still vital for heart health, gut bacteria, and blood sugar control. But when it comes to constipation specifically, it may not be the magic bullet we've all been led to believe. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Anyone who has ever sliced an onion, knows the eye stinging feeling and watering that comes with it. A new study from researchers at Cornell University, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has uncovered exactly how those eye-stinging onion chemicals blast into the air and revealed a surprisingly simple way to stop them. Onions have long been known to release an irritant called propanethial S-oxide, a sulphur-based compound that triggers your eyes' tear reflex. But what no one really understood, until now, was how that chemical escapes from the onion and launches itself straight toward your face. Using high-speed cameras and computer modelling, the Cornell team watched in extreme slow motion what actually happens when a knife slices through an onion. They found a two stage tear cascade As your knife presses down, it creates pressure within the tightly packed onion cells. Each onion layer is trapped between two skins, a top and a bottom forming little pressurised chambers. When the knife finally breaks through the top layer, all that pressure releases in an instant shooting a fine mist of droplets into the air. Then comes stage two - slower streams of fluid form into droplets that continue to spray outward. The researchers dubbed this phenomenon the two-stage tear cascade a microscopic explosion that propels irritant droplets at astonishing speeds of 18 to 143 km per hour. The scientists discovered that your choice of knife, and how you use it makes a big difference. A sharp knife creates a cleaner, slower cut, releasing far fewer droplets. But a blunt blade, especially when used quickly, causes chaos smashing through onion layers, increasing pressure, and launching more mist into the air. So, the simple takeaway? Keep your knives sharp and slice slowly. Alternatively, coating the onion in oil before cutting can also help trap the mist, though that might be less convenient for everyday cooking. Beyond just helping us cook without crying, this research offers fascinating insights into fluid dynamics, food safety, and the everyday physics hiding in your kitchen. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast for Sunday 19 October 2025, Boy Swallows Universe author Trent Dalton talks about mining his own life for his books and the risks he's taken just for a story. Kiwi acting export Jay Ryan on his new show 'The Ridge' and discusses the threat of AI on his industry. Public Service Minister Judith Collins has fired a shot at unions ahead of this weeks mega strikes. Minister Collins explains the purpose of the letter to Francesca and PPTA President Chris Abercrombie responds. And why do you cry when cutting onions? Dr Michelle Dickinson has the latest science that explains it all. Get the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast every Sunday on iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

For decades, researchers have documented a curious pattern in happiness, where people tend to start adult life feeling relatively positive, dip into unhappiness during middle age, and then rebound later in life. Psychologists called it the 'unhappiness hump' and the rest of us called it a mid-life crisis, referring to a midlife peak in stress, worry, and dissatisfaction that eventually faded as people aged. But new research suggests that this once-universal feature of human psychology (and men buying sports cars) has all but disappeared. And the reason isn't that middle-aged people have found new ways to thrive, sadly - it's that younger generations are suffering more than ever before. A new study published in PLOS ONE has found that the classic U-shaped curve of happiness and its mirror-image hump of unhappiness has flattened. The researchers analysed decades of mental health data, including 10 million adults in the United States from 1993-2024, 40,000 households in the United Kingdom, as well as 2 million people from 44 other countries, uncovering a dramatic shift in global well-being trends. Their analysis revealed that the familiar midlife rise in unhappiness, once a psychological constant, has vanished. Instead, mental ill-being now tends to decline with age, meaning that young people today report the worst mental health, and things generally improve as people get older. Older adults' mental health has stayed roughly the same, and middle-aged adults show little change. What's new is the sharp drop in well-being among younger generations. The causes of this reversal are complex and still being explored, but the study highlights several interlocking factors. The Great Recession's ripple effects: Economic instability and uncertain job prospects may have left “scarring effects” on younger cohorts entering the workforce after 2008. Underfunded mental health services: In both the U.S. and U.K., access to timely mental health care has lagged behind need, allowing problems to worsen over time. The COVID-19 pandemic: While the downward trend in youth well-being began before 2020, the pandemic accelerated feelings of isolation, anxiety, and hopelessness particularly among younger people. The rise of smartphones and social media: The study notes growing evidence linking heavy social media use with poorer mental health, driven by constant comparison, fear of missing out, and distorted self-perception. Some researchers have even suggested limiting smartphone access for teens as a possible intervention, though debate continues. Housing and financial pressures: Younger generations face tougher labour markets, skyrocketing housing costs, and rising living expenses all of which may erode a sense of security and optimism about the future. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Most of us have had to take a few days off work or school because of the flu or Covid-19. But imagine being sick with Covid, not for a week or two, but for 750 days! That's exactly what happened to one patient described in a recent paper published in the Lancet (Characterisation of a persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection lasting more than 750 days in a person living with HIV: a genomic analysis - The Lancet Microbe). The patient, a 41-year-old man living with HIV, continuously tested positive for Covid-19 for 26 months. Because his HIV was poorly controlled, his immune system was compromised. He had also not been vaccinated against Covid-19 and never received antiviral treatment during his illness. While this was an incredibly tough experience for him personally, it offered researchers a rare chance to watch in real time how a virus can evolve inside a single human body. Over the course of 750 days, scientists collected eight samples from the patient. From these, they extracted viral RNA and sequenced the virus's genome. They found that: 68 new viral mutations appeared over time. 10 of these mutations were in the spike protein, the part of the virus that helps it enter human cells. Some of these matched the exact changes later seen in the highly transmissible Omicron variant. Even more concerning, one alteration made the virus better at evading immune responses. The important part of this study in that these mutations showed up in the patient months before they were detected spreading widely in the community. This suggests that long-term infections in immunocompromised people can act like mutation incubators, where the virus experiments with new tricks before releasing them into the wider population. This case highlights several important lessons: Persistent infections matter: They aren't just unusual cases. They can directly influence how viruses evolve and have a consequence on the rest of the world. High-risk patients need better support: Improved access to antiretroviral therapy for HIV, vaccination, and Covid-19 treatments can reduce the chances of these prolonged infections. Stopping variant incubation is key: By treating persistent infections early, we may be able to slow down or even prevent the emergence of dangerous new variants. This story is a sobering reminder that pandemics don't just happen on a global stage, they can begin quietly, inside the body of a single individual. For scientists, these unusual cases are windows into viral evolution. For the rest of us, they underscore why protecting vulnerable groups isn't just compassionate, it's critical for everyone's health. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Are you ready to face the AI revolution that's already transforming our daily lives? Join Francesca and Louise as they step into the world of artificial intelligence with nanotechnologist and science communicator Dr Michelle Dickinson. From the benefits of AI as a productivity tool to the concerning lack of regulation in New Zealand and the ways we might be unwittingly sharing our children’s data to train AI, Dr Dickinson brings clarity to complex concepts while also offering practical advice for navigating this new landscape.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The 2025 Ig Nobel awards have been revealed, with drunk bats, pizza-eating lizards and painted-up zebra cows among this year's nominees. Dr Michelle Dickinson's gone through the nominees - and outlined her top three. Does painting a cow to look like a zebra mean it's bitten less by flies? Scientists have long wondered why zebras are not bitten by flies as much as other animals. Researchers who were looking into how to prevent cows from being bitten by flies decided to test if had something to do with the stripes, so they painted cows with black and white stripes and measured how many bites they had, and lo and behold the striped cows had half the number of bites than the non-painted cows did! Does eating garlic when breastfeeding change the smell of your breastmilk? Garlic is known to have a very potent odour - but it's also delicious, and so scientists wanted to know if the odour could be passed on to breastmilk and if it bothered the babies who were drinking the milk. Breastfeeding mothers were either given garlic capsules or asked to eat a sulphurous-free diet (emitting garlic, onion and asparagus) and their breastmilk was then sniffed by adults to see if they could detect any difference between them. The milk from the garlic consuming mothers was reported to have a much more intense odour which peaked at 2 hours after ingestion. Interestingly, it seems that the garlicky-smelling milk was actually more desirable and babies who were fed after their mothers ate garlic not only breastfed for longer, but consumed more milk! Are you more fluent in a second language if you are drunk? Alcohol is known to have detrimental effects on memory and inhibitory control, but there has been a belief among bilingual people that their foreign language fluency improves after a few drinks. To test this, 50 native German speakers who also spoke Dutch were tested with one group receiving a vodka and bitter lemon drink and the other group just water. After they were asked to rate their own self-perception of their skill in Dutch and the Dutch speakers they were talking to were also asked to rate them. The results showed that intoxication did actually improve the Dutch fluency of the participants according to the sober Dutch speakers. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

If you've found yourself holding a book at arm's length or squinting at your phone in dim light, you're not alone. Almost everyone develops presbyopia as they get older. It's a natural part of aging where the eye's lens loses flexibility, making it harder to focus on nearby objects. Traditionally, the go-to solution has been reading glasses, or, for some, surgery. But now, a surprising contender is on the horizon: eye drops. At the recent Congress of the European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons, researchers presented results that could change how presbyopia is treated. In a study of 766 patients, eye drops combining pilocarpine and diclofenac helped people read extra lines on a near-vision chart, and the improvements lasted for up to two years. The drops contain two active ingredients working in tandem: Pilocarpine: an older drug that contracts the eye's ciliary muscle and makes the pupil smaller. This helps sharpen focus for near objects. Diclofenac: a common anti-inflammatory drug that eases the discomfort pilocarpine can cause. Together, they act like a workout and cushion for the eye: one trains the focusing muscles, the other keeps irritation at bay. Patients in the study used the drops twice a day once in the morning and once later in the afternoon, with the option for a third dose if needed. The findings were striking: Within one hour of the first dose, patients could typically read three extra lines on the near-vision chart. 99% of those using the lowest concentration (1% pilocarpine) gained at least two lines of improvement. For many, the improvements lasted more than a year, with some maintaining better vision for nearly two years. Side effects were mild and included temporary dim vision (32%), irritation (3.7%), and headaches (3.8%). Importantly, no serious complications like retinal detachment were reported. Imagine a future where instead of fumbling for your reading glasses at dinner, you simply use an eye drop in the morning and carry on with clear sight throughout the day. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast for Sunday 14 September 2025, celebrity chef Al Brown might just be one of our keenest fisherman, he joins Francesca to talk about his life long love of fishing and how to best prepare your catch. Two of our arts greats, Dame Gaylene Preston and Dame Robin White have joined forces, they join Francesca to talk about their friendship and that new film. Washington DC Bureau Chief for The Guardian David Smith discusses the way forward for America following the assassination of Charlie Kirk and growing political violence while Francesca reflects on a sad news week and questions humanity's response to this weeks events. And can VR help people with dementia? Dr Michelle Dickinson has the latest science. Get the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast every Sunday on iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Imagine walking through a peaceful forest, listening to birdsong, or watching the waves roll in on a sunny beach. Now imagine doing all of that without ever leaving your chair. New research published in the American Journal of Health Behaviour took a group of older adults living with dementia and gave them this experience in a study exploring the benefits of virtual reality. The study looked at how nature-themed virtual reality sessions could help improve emotional well-being and quality of life for people with Alzheimer's disease. The research team worked with 11 residents at a long-term memory care facility, all diagnosed with mild to moderate Alzheimer's. Over five weeks, participants took part in two 20 to 30-minute VR sessions each week. Using a program called Nature Treks VR, they were transported to peaceful landscapes like forests, meadows, and oceans complete with animated animals and plants they could interact with. While nature is known to have powerful calming and restorative effects, many people living with dementia face challenges getting outdoors. Limited mobility, safety concerns, and lack of access to green spaces can make it hard to enjoy the real thing. That's where virtual reality came in offering a safe, indoor way to connect with the natural world. After five weeks of virtual nature sessions, participants reported feeling more positive emotions like pleasure and alertness and fewer negative ones, such as sadness, anxiety, and anger. They also said their overall quality of life had improved. And it wasn't just the numbers that told the story. In interviews, both participants and their caregivers shared heart-warming feedback. Many spoke of how much they enjoyed exploring the virtual environments, how exciting it was to try something new, and how the experiences sparked fond memories from the past. One key moment came when participants recalled special places from their childhoods, or family holidays by the sea showing that virtual nature didn't just offer relaxation, but also helped trigger meaningful memories and emotional connections. The study offers a hopeful glimpse into how technology can be used in care settings not to replace real-world experiences, but to offer new ways to connect, explore, and improve quality of life when the real world isn't always accessible. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

For years, eggs have been breakfast's most controversial ingredient. Despite being packed with protein and essential nutrients, they've carried the weight of dietary guidelines that linked them to high cholesterol and an increased risk of heart disease. But a new study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition has cracked that myth wide open. The world-first study investigated the independent effects of dietary cholesterol and saturated fat on LDL cholesterol levels. The results: it's not the cholesterol in eggs that's the problem, it's the saturated fat in other parts of our diet, like bacon and sausages. In this controlled trial, researchers assigned participants to diets with varying combinations of cholesterol and saturated fat. In one group, participants consumed two eggs per day as part of a high-cholesterol but low-saturated-fat diet. In another, participants ate high-saturated-fat, low-cholesterol meals. A third group consumed both high saturated fat and high cholesterol. What they found was surprising: LDL cholesterol only rose in diets high in saturated fat regardless of dietary cholesterol intake. But when cholesterol came from eggs in the absence of excess saturated fat, LDL levels actually dropped slightly. This is an important finding because it challenges long-held assumptions in nutritional science. For decades, dietary cholesterol (often from eggs) was lumped in with saturated fats as a heart health hazard. But as this study demonstrates, the two have very different effects on the body. Eggs contain around 186 mg of cholesterol per yolk, which historically raised alarms. However, they are very low in saturated fat (about 1.6 grams per large egg). Saturated fats found in processed meats, butter, and fried foods are the true drivers of increased LDL cholesterol, which is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. The study reaffirms a growing body of evidence that dietary cholesterol has minimal impact on blood cholesterol in most people, especially when consumed as part of a healthy, balanced diet. The key takeaway isn't just that eggs are safe, it's that context matters. A couple of eggs at breakfast is fine. A couple of eggs alongside bacon, sausages, and buttered toast? Not so much. It's the overall pattern of your diet, not individual foods, that makes the biggest difference to your heart health. So feel free to enjoy your poached, scrambled, or sunny-side-up eggs. Just remember: it's the saturated fat, not the eggs, that's more likely to scramble your cholesterol. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Scientists have debated over two main theories of how lightning starts for years. Some say it's due to a build up of static electricity between particles in clouds, whereas others say cosmic rays are involved in the process. Dr Michelle Dickinson joins Francesca Rudkin to breakdown these two leading theories. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Did you know that the humble potato owes its very existence, and its global success as a food staple to an ancient genetic mash-up? A recent study in the journal Cell of over 100 wild and cultivated potato genomes has revealed a fascinating secret about the potato family tree. The beloved spud and its 107 wild relatives all belong to a plant group called Petota. What sets Petota apart is its ability to grow underground tubers, the very organs we eat. But where did this tuber-making trait come from? Turns out, millions of years ago, two very different wild plant lineages, one similar to tomatoes and another that doesn't make tubers at all crossed paths. Somewhere in the high mountains of South America, their genetic material combined through hybridization, creating a brand-new lineage: Petota. This ancient hybrid inherited just the right mix of genes to develop tubers, enabling these plants to store nutrients underground and survive tough climates. Scientists now believe that this innovative tuber-forming ability helped Petota rapidly diversify into over 100 species, adapting to everything from dry tropical forests to cold, high-altitude meadows. In fact, this ancient hybrid lineage shows faster species evolution than its parent lineages, highlighting how powerful hybridization can be in driving plant diversity. Even more impressive? The very genes responsible for making tubers like SP6A and IT1 were inherited from each parent in a sort of genetic collaboration. Modern genetic experiments show these hybrid genes are essential for tuber development and are still active in today's potatoes. So, next time you mash, bake, or roast a potato, remember it's not just a vegetable. It's the product of an ancient botanical tomato love story that changed the course of agricultural history. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Have you ever instinctively taken a step back when someone sneezes near you on the bus? It turns out that your body may be doing more than just helping you avoid germs, it might be quietly powering up your immune system too. In a new study published this week in Nature Neuroscience, researchers found that even the sight of someone who looks contagious can kickstart a biological response in your body. In the study, virtual reality headsets were placed on 248 healthy participants who were shown videos of people who appeared either neutral, fearful, or visibly sick (with skin rashes or other infection-like cues). These virtual people slowly moved closer to the participants in the simulation. In one experiment, participants had to press a button as quickly as possible after being lightly touched on the face. When the 'sick' characters appeared, people reacted as if the faces were physically closer, even when they were further away. Their brains and bodies were responding as though a threat had entered their personal space. Brain scans showed increased activity in regions associated with detecting threats and regulating body responses. Even though no real germs were involved, researchers found from blood test results that there were changes in immune cell activity when people viewed the sick-looking characters. Specifically, they saw an uptick in innate lymphoid cells, a type of immune cell known to act as first responders, alerting the rest of the immune system to potential trouble. This reaction was so real that it mirrored what researchers see in people who've just had a flu shot, without any actual virus exposure. Your instinct to avoid someone who looks unwell isn't just common sense, it might be part of a deeply wired, whole-body reaction designed to protect you So next time you see someone sniffling on the train, don't just trust your gut, know that your body might already be gearing up for battle. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

We've all heard that flossing daily is key to keeping your gums healthy. But what if your dental floss could one day do more than prevent cavities? What if it could protect your whole body from serious diseases, like the flu? Research published this week in the journal Nature Biomedical Engineering shows that dental floss might be the future of vaccine delivery. In this unusual experiment, scientists used floss coated with vaccine components, such as proteins or inactive viruses and gently ran it between the gums of mice. It turns out that the soft tissue between your teeth is highly absorbent and rich in immune cells. This makes it a perfect spot for your body to detect and respond to threats like viruses. Now, flossing mice is no easy task. To pull it off, one researcher had to use a keyring to gently open each mouse's mouth, while another maneuvered the floss between its tiny teeth. They did this every two weeks over a month. After the final flossing session, the mice were exposed to a deadly strain of flu. The results were astonishing - every single vaccinated mouse survived. The ones that didn't get flossed? Sadly, they didn't make it. Even more impressive, the vaccinated mice had flu antibodies not just in their saliva, but in their faeces and bone marrow, a sign that their bodies had mounted a strong and lasting immune response. Scientists also found a boost in the number of infection-fighting T cells in the lungs and spleen. To test the idea in people, researchers gave 27 healthy volunteers dental floss picks dipped in harmless food dye. On average, the dye reached the gum tissue about 60 percent of the time, suggesting the method could be viable with a little refinement. This floss-based method could solve some real-world challenges: Needle-free: Great news for people with needle phobia. No cold storage: Unlike many traditional vaccines, these could be stable at room temperature. Easy distribution: Imagine getting your vaccine delivered in the mail and flossing your way to immunity. Better for outbreaks: During pandemics, this kind of simple delivery could help reach more people, faster. Of course, there's still a long way to go before you'll be replacing your flu jab with floss. But this research opens up exciting possibilities for painless, practical, and more accessible vaccines in the future. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Most of us know the feeling: the alarm rings and you either spring out of bed ready to face the day, or you groggily fumble for the snooze button. But why does waking up feel so different from day to day? New research published in the journal Current Biology has revealed what's happening inside the brain during those first few seconds of waking up. Using high-density EEG (electroencephalography) to record over 1,000 awakenings, they discovered a consistent pattern of brain activity that helps explain why we feel alert or not after sleep. The researchers found that waking up is not like flipping a switch. Instead, it's more like a wave rippling through the brain, with certain regions turning on before others. The found that: The front of your brain (prefrontal cortex) wakes up first. This area is responsible for decision-making and attention. The back of your brain (visual and sensory areas) lags behind by a few seconds. If you're waking from deep (NREM) sleep, your brain shows a brief burst of slow brain waves (delta waves), a kind of transition signal before ramping up to faster, more alert-like activity. Waking from REM sleep, by contrast, skips the slow-wave burst and jumps straight into high-frequency activity. The team also found that this order was consistent across different types of awakenings, whether spontaneous or caused by an alarm. Participants who had a strong slow-wave signal (linked to a type of brain wave called a K-complex) just before waking were less sleepy once awake. It seems that a little bit of “sleep-like” brain activity right before you wake up might help you feel more alert. These waves seem to act like a “reset” signal that prepares your brain for the shift into wakefulness. But too much of another type of slow brain activity (called “type II” slow waves) right before or after waking? That was linked to feeling groggier. In short: Helpful slow waves (type I): Lead to more alert wake-ups. Unhelpful slow waves (type II): Make you feel sluggish. So, how can you apply these findings to your own mornings? Here is what the research found: 1. Wake Up at the Right Sleep Stage Use a sleep tracker or app that wakes you up during light sleep (N2 stage) if possible. Waking during REM or deep sleep increases the chance of grogginess. 2. Use Gradual Alarm Sounds Loud, jarring alarms can skip over the natural slow-wave transition, especially in REM sleep. Try gentle sounds or wake-up lights that simulate sunrise to help your brain transition naturally. 3. Consistency is Key Stick to a regular sleep schedule. The more your brain is in sync with your circadian rhythm, the more likely it will initiate a healthy wake-up sequence. 4. Get Moving Quickly Since your brain finishes “waking up” from front to back, physical movement (even just sitting up or stretching) can help speed up the rest of the brain's activation. 5. Don't Snooze Too Much Snoozing might send your brain back into deeper sleep stages, increasing the odds of waking up groggy when the alarm rings again. One solid wake-up is better than several mini ones. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

It seems almost impossible for people to be bored these days. Everywhere you look, people are staring at their smartphone screens whenever they find themselves with more than a few seconds to spare. New research published in the Journal of Neuroscience suggests we should put our phones down as it finds that letting our minds drift into a daydream actually helpsyour brain to learn. Drawing inspiration from studies on local sleep, where certain brain regions seem to briefly nap while the rest of us stays awake, the researchers theorised that daydreaming could reflect a brain state similar to sleep, allowing it to consolidate information and form memories more efficiently. To put this to the test, the researchers asked volunteers to perform a probabilistic learning task that involved detecting patterns and learning without conscious effort. As the participants worked, their brain activity was monitored using high-density EEG (electroencephalography). After the task, participants self-reported how focused they had been. The results were surprising: those who admitted to letting their minds drift off showed improved learning, especially in the early stages of the task. Not only did they perform just as well as the fully focused group, but their brain activity revealed signs of a sleep-like state, without them ever closing their eyes. The researchers suggest that mind wandering might allow the brain to shift into a mode where automatic, associative learning takes over, similar to how we absorb information while dreaming. In this state, the brain isn't focused on immediate, conscious problem-solving but instead on processing in the background which could be especially useful during tasks that don't require intense focus, such as folding laundry or going for a walk. This research adds to a growing body of research challenging the idea that focus always equals better learning. Instead, the suggestion is that the brain is always working, even when it seems like we've checked out.” The researchers were quick to point out that mind wandering can hurt performance in situations that demand sustained attention or precise action, like when we are in a meeting at work. But in moments of low-stakes repetition or routine, like waiting for a bus, washing the dishes or taking a walk, letting your mind roam could be exactly what your brain needs to process what you've recently learned. So next time you find yourself gazing out the window or thinking about dinner during a mundane task, don't feel guilty. You might just be giving your brain the rest it needs to learn better, think clearer, and grow stronger.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast for Sunday 6 July 2025, comedian Guy Montgomery and his spelling bee are making waves in Australia, so much so, he's up for a Logie. He tells Francesca just how badly he wants to win that award for household bragging rights. Outrageous Fortune turns 20 this week, key cast member Antonia Prebble joins us to reflect on the show and talk about new episodes of her podcast What Matters Most. Francesca questions why we can't get our stadium situation right in New Zealand and a lawyer may have found a legal hurdle the Government will have to overcome if they are to scrap the census. And could cheese be giving you nightmares? Dr Michelle Dickinson has the latest from science on the impact cheese could be having on your sleep. Get the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast every Sunday on iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

You've probably heard the old saying: “Don't eat cheese before bed, or you'll have nightmares.” But is there actually any truth to it? A new study published in the journal Frontiers in Psychology suggests there might be. Researchers surveyed over 1,000 volunteers about their sleep, dreams, and eating habits. They found that people with worse symptoms of lactose intolerance (people who don't digest dairy well) were more likely to experience more frequent, distressing, and persistent nightmares. This research builds on earlier studies, including a 2015 Canadian investigation into 'food-dependent dreaming,' which found nearly half of respondents linked late-night eating to disturbing dreams. Dairy products and sweets were the most commonly cited culprits. Scientists think there are a few possible reasons why dairy and disturbing dreams could be linked: Sleep Disruption from GI Symptoms: Gastrointestinal discomfort, a common result of lactose intolerance, is known to cause fragmented sleep. These micro-arousals may enhance dream recall and increase the intensity or unpleasantness of dreams. Anxiety and Arousal: GI issues may elevate baseline anxiety levels, which are associated with an increased frequency of nightmares. Additionally, trigger foods may stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to sleep disturbances during REM. Neurochemical Hypotheses: One theory involves tyramine, a naturally occurring compound in aged cheeses derived from tyrosine (and some other foods including cured meats and fermented foods). Tyramine is known to promote the release of noradrenaline, a neurotransmitter implicated in REM sleep and dream modulation. However, other high-tyramine foods like chocolate do not have a reported link to nightmares, suggesting this mechanism is inconclusive. Interestingly, the study also suggested that we might be just blaming cheese when it's not actually the cheese's fault! A previous study from 2015 found nearly half of participants thought eating late at night gave them weird dreams. Dairy and sugary foods were the top suspects. But it's also possible that this idea has stuck with us because of an old wives' tale that set up a nightmare mindset before bed. What we do know is that going to bed with a full stomach, especially after fatty or rich foods, can lead to poor sleep and more dream recall, whether you're eating cheese, chocolate, or pizza. So if you are having strange or unpleasant dreams, the research suggests: Avoid eating right before bed. Skip foods that make your stomach feel funny or that you find hard to digest. Keep a sleep and food diary to look for patterns. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

We've all heard that regular exercise is good for you. But a major new study published in Cell might have just found a way to bottle its benefits and deliver them to people who can't hit the gym. Over six years, the researchers tracked 13 healthy volunteers as they exercised, from a single 5km run to a 25-day running plan and they collected as much data as they could across the body including genes, proteins, metabolism, gut bacteria, and immune cells. They found that at first, exercise stresses the body out with inflammation and metabolic overload. But over time, the body adapts and rebuilds, emerging stronger and more balanced. Surprisingly they found that your kidneys play a leading role in how your body responds to exercise. Betaine is a natural molecule made by the kidneys, as a powerful 'exercise mimetic' something that can copy many of the health benefits of physical activity, especially when it comes to slowing down aging. The researchers gave betaine supplements to aging mice and found that : Their immune cells looked and acted younger. Inflammation dropped significantly. Physical coordination and memory improved. Even signs of depression faded. All without the mice needing to exercise. Betaine works by blocking a key inflammation switch in the body (called TBK1). This shuts down the chronic 'inflammaging' the slow, inflammation that drives many age-related diseases. This discovery doesn't mean you should stop moving, exercise still offers a whole package of benefits that pills can't fully replicate. But for people who are older, injured, or living with disabilities, this research could lead to real, science-backed alternatives. Betaine is already known to be safe, and the researchers believe it has strong potential as a geroprotective supplement one that could help people stay healthier, longer. Future clinical trials will tell us if these effects hold true in humans at scale. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast for Sunday 22 June 2025, comedian Chris Parker on embracing being dramatic and the new edition to his family. Pharmacist turned author AA Dhand opens up about using his experience with drugs, drug dealers and addicts as the premise for his new novel The Chemist. Prime Minister Christopher Luxon heads from China to the NATO Summit and International Relations Professor Robert Patman discusses Luxon's progress. Francesca talks the legacy of 'Jaws' as it turns 50. And - want to improve your manus? Dr Michelle Dickinson has the latest science on getting the biggest splash. Get the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast every Sunday on iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Most of the studies that have looked at how humans and animals dive into water have focused on understanding the small splash created by their water entry - think Olympic divers and hunting birds. New research published in the journal Interface Focus has not only done the opposite, by studying how to make the biggest splash, but has done so thanks to a fun New Zealand pastime. Manu jumping, a sport originated by Māori, involves leaping from bridges, wharves and diving platforms to make giant splashes. Each year, this is taken very seriously at the Z Manu World Champs, where the current record is a splash of more than 10m high! An American fluid dynamitist came across a video of manu jumping on social media and ended up analysing over 50 YouTube videos of Kiwis partaking in the sport to try to understand the science behind creating the largest splash. Needing more data than 50 videos, he then built what he called Manubots, which were 3D printed splash-making robots. Each Manubot had a different jumper shape and were dropped into water tanks at different test angles and movements. The research found that the best body position for a huge splash is a 45 degree V shape when entering the water. This shape creates a perfect underwater cavity that dramatically collapses and sends water flying - which in physics is a phenomenon known as a Worthington jet. The angle of entry is important, but just as important is what the body does after hitting the water. Manu experts are known to do an underwater backbend and leg kick, and this motion was found to keep the air cavity open for longer before it collapses, leading to a bigger splash. The V shaped, kicking Manubot confirmed that the perfect splash happens when you open your body just after hitting the water. So, if you want to try out for the next manu champs, remember to: 1 – aim for a 45 degree V-shape when hitting the water 2 – Jump from the highest height possible that is still safe. 3 – Time your underwater move so that you open your body immediately after entry. While this research might sound ridiculous, the study of how bodies interact with water at high speed is useful in naval design, biomechanics and even injury prevention for divers and athletes. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

What if your next medical test involved breathing into a tube instead of drawing blood? A new study out this week published in the journal Current Biology has discovered that every human has a way of breathing through their nose that is so unique to them, it can be used to identify individuals with incredible accuracy. These personal "nasal respiratory fingerprints" may even hold powerful clues about your health, your mood, and even how your brain works. We often take our breath for granted. But behind every inhale and exhale is a complex web of brain networks working quietly in the background. The researchers attached tiny wearable device placed in a nasal cannula (like a mini oxygen tube) for 24-hour recordings on 100 volunteers. They found that a computer could identify individuals from their breathing patterns with up to 97 percent accuracy and this pattern remained stable for nearly two years. The researchers found that these unique breathing patterns, could predict a person's Body Mass Index (BMI), arousal state, and even levels of anxiety, depression, and traits related to autism. They found that: People with higher anxiety levels tended to take shorter inhales during sleep. Higher depression scores were linked to stronger nasal airflow and longer pauses after breathing out. And people with higher autism traits showed longer pauses between breaths and more variability in how they inhaled. All this was measured passively, just from how air flows in and out of the nose. The nose is more than just a smell detector, it's closely linked to the brain's emotional and cognitive circuits. Previous research has even shown that the rhythm of nasal breathing can sync up with brain waves and influence memory, attention, and emotion. This study supports the idea that breathing, especially through the nose, is more than a life-sustaining reflex. It's a mirror of our inner world. The potential of this new discovery is huge! If nasal breathing patterns can reflect not only who we are but also how we feel and function, then this non-invasive technique could become a powerful tool in health monitoring, mental wellness, and neuroscience. Instead of detecting early signs of depression or anxiety with a questionnaire, you could potentially diagnose in just a day's worth of breath. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Most of us think clapping is just about two hands hitting each other, but new research out this week in the journal Physical Review Research found that the clap that we hear actually comes from the air being squeezed out between our palms. When your hands come together, whether flat or cupped, they trap a tiny bubble of air. That bubble escapes through small gaps, like the one between your thumb and index finger, creating a mini jet of air that blasts out and disturbs the surrounding atmosphere. This results in a burst of sound created by a phenomenon called Helmholtz resonance, the same thing that happens when you blow across the top of a bottle. Your hands, in that moment, are transformed into a musical instrument. To test their theory, the research team built silicone hands of different shapes and stiffness levels, and gave them microphones, pressure sensors, and high-speed cameras. They clapped the hands together again and again, studying every tiny movement and sound wave. They found that the shape of your hands plays a big role in how your clap sounds. Cupped hands trap more air and make a lower, deeper sound. Flat hands create a higher-pitched pop. Even the grooves between your fingers contribute, acting like tiny open-ended pipes that add extra tones. The study showed how a handclap might actually be used to identify someone. Because everyone has differently sized hands, skin textures, and clapping styles, no two claps are exactly alike, each person's clap is unique, like a musical fingerprint. One researcher is already exploring whether clapping could be used to take attendance in classrooms - where students walk into a room, clap once and the system recognises you and checks you in. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast for Sundy 8 June 2025, Artistic Director for Cirque du Soleil's Corteo, Olaf Triebel, shares insights into just how his artists pull off their high risk stunts. Much loved Kiwi cook Annabel Langbein has a new home ... in France. She tells Francesca just how hard it was to buy a house in France and why she's made the move. South Island boys schools are banding together to help our young men with societal issues, principal Steve Hart tells us why. Who will win the war of words between Trump and Musk? US correspondent Dan Mitchinson with the latest. And did you know it's not your hands hitting each other than makes the sound when you clap? Dr Michelle Dickinson with the latest research into clapping. Get the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast every Sunday on iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

When you think of penguins, you might imagine adorable black-and-white birds waddling across icy landscapes. But a surprising new study published in the journal Communications Earth and Environment reveals that penguins might also be helping to form clouds that could influence climate change. Adélie penguins, a species found only in Antarctica, eat a diet rich in fish and krill. This high-protein menu results in poop, or guano, that's not just smelly but chemically active, releasing ammonia gas into the atmosphere. That ammonia reacts with sulfur-containing gases in the air, creating tiny particles which give water vapor something to cling to, helping clouds to form. The researchers set up instruments near a colony of 60,000 penguins. They found that when the wind carried air from the colony, ammonia levels were up to 1,000 times higher than normal. Even after the penguins moved on, the leftover guano kept producing ammonia. The scientists also noticed more fog, likely caused by the increased aerosol particles shortly after these ammonia spikes. The findings confirmed that penguin poop significantly boosts the formation of clouds, by up to 10,000X. Clouds play a major role in our planet's climate. Over the ocean, clouds typically have a cooling effect. Over Antarctica's bright, reflective ice, however, the impact can be more complex. In some cases, clouds may trap heat, warming the surface below. Scientists are still figuring out exactly how penguin-made clouds influence temperatures, but understanding these natural systems is critical to improving climate models. One fascinating idea raised by this study is that declining penguin populations, due to climate change, could actually reduce cloud formation, which might in turn make warming even worse. And while it's still too early to know how big of a role penguin poop plays in Earth's climate, researchers believe it's another important piece of the climate puzzle and a reminder why protecting penguin colonies isn't just about saving the birds, it might also help protect the planet. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast for Sunday 25 May 2025, in the space of a week Raynor Winn was made bankrupt and learned her husband was terminally ill. This week she talks Francesca how a 630 mile coastal walk healed her husband turned her life back around. Ahead of the Aotearoa Music Awards, singer-songwriter Georgia Lines performs her brand new single 'Wonderful Life'. The dream is over for Auckland FC, football analyst Jacob Spoonley on the low of the semi final loss after an amazing season. David Seymour is about to become Deputy Prime Minister, he tells Francesca what the role means to him and how he will approach the role. And have you ever noticed a flock of seagulls will steal your lunch, but a lone seagull rarely will? Dr Michelle Dickinson shares the science behind this. Get the Sunday Session with Francesca Rudkin Full Show Podcast every Sunday on iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Practical strategies to avoid burnout, build resilience, manage stress, and create joy in a tech-driven world. Find the shownotes at https://changesbigandsmall.com If you enjoy the episode, please share it with a friend. You can reach me at contact@changesbigandsmall.com if you have any questions or feedback. If you'd like to appear on the podcast, reach out to me for more information. I'm currently interviewing for the next season, which is focused on relationships. Join the Changes Big and Small Facebook group - https://www.facebook.com/groups/changesbigandsmall1/ The post Mindful Technology Use: How to Avoid Burnout and Find Joy with Michelle Dickinson appeared first on . Related posts: How to Overcome Fear and Find Beauty in the Darkness This 1-Minute Morning Habit Will Ignite Your Creativity (and Invite More Joy) with Katrina Mason How to Experience Joy During Life’s Challenges

Tue, 18 Mar 2025 02:55:35 +0000 https://sustainable-forces-arup.podigee.io/15-new-episode a2963e42be4ce979fdfdb9dc60b8c46f The property industry is one of the highest-emitting industries, with the built environment contributing to almost 40 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions. So, what's driving this number so high? It's scope 3 emissions – also known as indirect emissions, which are often hidden inside complex value chains. In this podcast episode, we chat to Cate Harris, Global Head of Sustainability at Lendlease and Enrico Zara, Global Decarbonisation Leader at Arup on how bold action is helping the property industry uncover, track, measure and report on scope 3 emissions. Discussed in this episode: https://www.arup.com/services/decarbonisation/ https://www.lendlease.com/au/sustainability/climate-and-environment/scope-3-emissions-protocol/ https://www.arup.com/insights/practical-ways-to-decarbonise-healthcare/ Follow our host, Dr Michelle Dickinson: https://www.facebook.com/DrMichelleDickinson https://www.linkedin.com/in/medickinson/ full no

In this episode of the Digital Learning Today, Jeff welcomes Michelle Dickinson and Heather Hartinger discuss the critical issues of burnout and resilience among educators. They explore the definitions and symptoms of burnout, the importance of self-awareness, and practical strategies for managing stress. The discussion emphasizes the need for educators to prioritize their own wellbeing, establish boundaries, and implement micro habits that can lead to significant improvements in their mental health. The conversation also highlights the importance of agency and the role of support systems in the journey towards recovery from burnout. If you are a new listener to TeacherCast, we would love to hear from you.  Please visit our Contact Page and let us know how we can help you today! Conversation Takeaways Burnout is often a cumulative effect that sneaks up on individuals. Self-awareness is crucial in identifying stress and energy levels. Educators often wait for external changes to feel better, which is counterproductive. Setting boundaries is essential for maintaining mental health. Many educators struggle to identify what brings them joy. Micro habits can lead to significant improvements in wellbeing. Sleep, hydration, and nutrition are foundational to resilience. Agency is key; educators must take control of their lives. Support systems and resources are vital for recovery from burnout. Chapters 00:00 Introduction to Resilience and Burnout 03:14 Understanding Burnout: Definitions and Symptoms 05:45 Strategies for Identifying and Managing Stress 09:08 The Role of Agency in Managing Burnout 12:07 Creating Boundaries and Finding Joy 15:06 Micro Habits for Daily Resilience 17:48 The Journey of Recovery from Burnout 21:02 Resources and Support for Educators Follow The Jeff Bradbury Show And Subscribe View All Episodes Apple Podcasts Spotify Follow Our Host Jeff Bradbury | @JeffBradbury TeacherCast | @TeacherCast About our Guests Heather Hartinger Co-Founder, Partner, Program Director Heather Hartinger co-founded Resilience As A Lifestyle Solutions to redefine resilience as agency, not endurance. With over 20 years in branding, marketing, and culture development, she believes agency—paired with regulation and communication—is the universal solution for responsible living across all sectors. A Conscious Capitalist, she empowers educators and leaders through practical, trust-driven strategies, drawing from her global expertise with Fortune 500s, startups, and Web3 innovators. Michelle E. Dickinson Founder of Trifecta Mental Health and Resilience As A Lifestyle Solutions Michelle E. Dickinson is flipping the script on stress management. As a globally celebrated Resilience Visionary, Burnout Interventionist, TED speaker and bestselling author, she's taught over 15,000 people across education, Fortune 500s, and healthcare how to actually deal with burnout - not just talk about it. Michelle doesn't do typical coaching. She teaches practical skills that work right away - like getting a user manual for your brain. Her simple, profound...

Is it possible to be calm, healthy, and even happy during a time that seems so fraught and uncertain? Yep, says resilience and burnout expert and mental health advocate Michelle E. Dickinson, and it's necessary if we want to live with mental well-being and make positive changes in our communities and workplaces. She says there will always be outside stresses, but how we respond to them determines how well we will live. In this episode, Dickinson shares practical insights on cultivating mental strength, and shifting our mindset and focus to give attention to the things that help us feel better and manage stress effectively. Polly and Michelle talk about building emotional endurance, practicing gratitude, and thriving during uncertain times whether you are facing personal struggles or global upheaval. To learn more about Michelle Dickinson's consulting, speaking, and book go to: https://michelledickinson.com. For more on how to live well, do good, be happy join our Simply Said community at https://pollycampbell.substack.com. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Dr. Barbara Hales interviews Michelle Dickinson, a TED speaker and best-selling author, about burnout management and resilience training. Michelle shares how her approach focuses on practical, non-clinical strategies that help professionals manage stress and prevent burnout before it becomes overwhelming. • She emphasizes the power of personal agency, self-awareness, and micro-habits to

Scientist and entrepreneur Dr Michelle Dickinson speaks about the difficult decision to put Nanogirl Labs into liquidation.