Earth Wise

The average American driver travels about 13,400 miles a year. The top 10% of drivers average about 40,200 miles a year and account for 35% of the nation's gasoline use from private light-duty vehicles, meaning cars, SUVs, pickup trucks, vans, and minivans.  Those 21 million Americans alone burn more gasoline than is burned each year […]

Billions of sea stars off the Pacific coast of North America from Mexico to Alaska have died from a wasting disease since 2013.  This die-off is considered to be the largest ever marine epidemic.  Over 90% of the population of sunflower sea stars has succumbed to the disease. The result has been an explosion in […]

A major crisis is unfolding beneath our feet: Earth's continents are losing freshwater at unprecedented rates.  Recent satellite data has uncovered a hidden global water crisis, suggesting the problem is more urgent than previously thought.  The study, which was led by researchers from Arizona State University, found that since 2002, climate change, unsustainable groundwater use, […]

With new ways of doing things, there are always new problems.  Our energy systems are increasingly dependent upon solar and wind power.  These energy sources are free to take and aren't going to run out, but they also depend on natural processes that are out of our control.  In particular, the sun doesn't always shine, […]

Paris is associated with climate change by virtue of the 2015 international agreement seeking to limit the amount of warming taking place on the planet.  But Paris is well aware that the world is not making much progress in meeting the goals of that agreement and the French capital is already suffering from the impact […]

An algal bloom is a rapid increase in the density of algae in an aquatic system.  Harmful algal blooms occur when bodies of water get overloaded with nitrogen and phosphorus runoff from agriculture and other human activities. These excess nutrients can facilitate the out-of-control growth of cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae.  Some species of […]

Abandoned farmland has been increasing dramatically in recent decades.  Estimates are that a billion acres – an area half the size of Australia – have been relinquished from cultivation globally.  While more and more of the tropics have been cultivated in recent times, the global amount of land used for agriculture has been in decline […]

Food waste is a major global problem.  The UN estimates that one third of all food goes to waste.  Apart from the fact that this is happening in a world where many people don't have enough to eat, food waste is both an economic and a climate problem. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen and […]

The use of solar energy has been growing by leaps and bounds in recent years. It is the fastest growing source of energy in the U.S.   Solar panels have a useful life of about 25 to 30 years and there are growing numbers that have been around that long.  They contain valuable materials, including silver, […]

Climate change is making air quality worse in many parts of the world. Rising temperatures increase ground-level ozone, and more frequent wildfires release harmful smoke and particulates into the air. These changes, combined with ongoing pollution from sources like vehicle exhaust and industrial emissions, lead to longer and more intense episodes of unhealthy air. A […]

Modern civilization is pretty much made of concrete.  People use more concrete than any other substance apart from water.  But concrete is made from cement, and cement is the source of 10% of all carbon dioxide emissions worldwide. Researchers at the University of Washington and Microsoft have developed a new kind of concrete made by […]

During the height of the Covid-19 pandemic, the global usage of disposable facemasks reached a staggering 129 billion per month. Most of these masks are manufactured from petroleum-based non-renewable plastics like polypropylene and the disposal of these masks results in serious pollution problems.  These include the loss of ecological integrity from buried waste in landfills, […]

LEDs have become the standard source of energy-efficient lighting.  They make use of semiconductors to turn electricity into light.  Depending upon the materials used to make them, LEDs produce different colors.  In the early 1990s, the first blue LEDs were discovered, ultimately earning the Nobel Prize in physics, and enabling LEDs to produce white light, […]

The deadliest animal in the world is the mosquito.  Mosquitos infected 263 million people with malaria in 2023, leading to 600,000 deaths, 80% of which were children.  Malaria is caused by infection from Plasmodium parasites.  The parasites are transmitted to humans from the bite of infected female mosquitos. Researchers at the University of California San […]

Climate change is dramatically impacting food production by altering rainfall patterns, increasing temperatures, and triggering more frequent extreme weather events.  These changes make crops more vulnerable to droughts, floods, heatwaves, pests, and diseases, leading to lower yields and greater uncertainty for farmers worldwide. But climate change isn't just reshaping our planet.  It's also changing what's […]

Back in the 1960s, it was discovered that secretions from toads native to the Sonoran Desert have psychedelic properties.  The information did not have much impact for over 40 years but about ten years ago, the story started having widespread exposure in U.S. media outlets and there was increasing publicity for the fact that the […]

More than 170 countries gathered recently to discuss how to save wetlands, which are critical ecosystems.  However, the U.S. was a no-show for most of the summit and Russia said it will withdraw from the wetlands treaty. Wetlands are a crucial element of all life on Earth, supplying fresh water, oxygen, habitat, and food.  The […]

MIT recently hosted a symposium on the subject of artificial intelligence being both a problem and a solution for the clean energy transition. AI-powered computing centers are expanding rapidly, creating an unprecedented surge in electricity demand.  Electricity demand in the US had been relatively flat for decades but now these computing centers consume about 4% […]

Agroecology focuses on sustainably managing agricultural systems by applying ecological principles.  The goal is to optimize the interactions between plants, animals, humans, and the environment. A four-year study by the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology found that incorporating nature-friendly practices within farming increases biodiversity, pollination by bees, natural pest control, and the numbers of […]

Europe has 37 gigawatts of offshore wind capacity. China is catching up rapidly.  Across the globe, offshore wind is an increasingly important source of clean, renewable power.  The United States had previously set ambitious goals to join the international effort.  But in the aftermath of the 2024 election, offshore wind in the US is basically […]

Hydrogen is an ideal climate-friendly fuel because it doesn't release carbon dioxide when it is used.  But most hydrogen is produced in ways that result in significant carbon emissions. Thus, the search for green hydrogen goes on.  Last year, engineers at MIT developed a new process for making hydrogen that significantly reduces the carbon footprint […]

As climate change accelerates, rising sea levels are putting coastal communities at greater risk of flooding and storm surge. Driven by melting glaciers and warming oceans, global sea levels are rising at an increasing rate. For low-lying cities like New Orleans, even small increases can have serious consequences. And that risk is compounded by another […]

Ocean shipping is a significant contributor to global carbon emissions, accounting for about 3% of the total.  It is a key part of international trade, moving goods like electronics, automobiles, and oil.  It relies on fossil fuels, and, without significant changes, shipping's emissions could more than double by 2050.  Ocean shipping is one of the […]

Honeybees are a critical resource for American agriculture.  The western honeybee, Apis mellifera, pollinates more than 130 types of nuts, fruits, and vegetables, adding up to $15 billion worth of crops every year.  Honeybee health has been harmed by a combination of factors:  weather extremes, habitat loss, pesticides, and disease.  One of the biggest problems […]

Hotter and drier conditions driven by climate change are leading to an increasing number of wildfires in North America and around the world. The damage wildfires cause – to forests, homes, and communities – is well-known. But long after the flames are gone, the effects can linger, especially in rivers and streams, where water quality […]

An important part of the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement is reducing the use of coal to produce electricity.  Coal is the dirtiest fuel in common use and not burning it is a way to greatly reduce emissions.  Ten years later, coal consumption around the world has decreased dramatically.  The most convenient alternative to coal is […]

TfL – Transport for London – the operator of the transportation system in Britain's capital city, has signed a deal with EDF Renewables to purchase electricity from a huge solar array to be erected next year in Essex.  TfL has the goal of powering 100% of its entire transit system – including its sprawling underground […]

Tropical forests are dying at an alarming rate, and not just from deforestation. Even intact forests are losing trees, threatening biodiversity, carbon storage, and the global climate. While drought and rising temperatures are often blamed, new research points to a surprising culprit: thunderstorms. These intense, short-lived convective storms, common in the tropics, are increasing due […]

June and July have both seen multiple days with temperatures in the 90s in London, England.  This is almost unheard of, but according to British scientists, record-breaking extreme weather has become the new norm in the UK. Weather records show that the UK's climate is different now compared with just a few decades ago.  The […]

The Trump Administration is outwardly hostile to renewable energy, especially solar and wind power.  Federal support for these energy sources that are by far the most rapidly growing energy sources across the globe is being gutted while fossil fuels are being propped up. There is also renewed enthusiasm for nuclear power and, somewhat surprisingly, geothermal […]

It is unfortunately well-known that microplastics are pretty much everywhere on Earth.  They are also increasingly found in living things like birds and dolphins as well as in human brains and placentas.  The oceans are polluted with plastic, and for the first time, there is now an estimate for the volume of nanoplastics – which […]

In June, solar power was the largest source of electricity in the European Union for the first time.  Solar supplied a record 22% of the power for the 27-country bloc.  At least 13 of the countries produced new monthly highs for solar power in June.  The Netherlands got more than 40% of its electricity from […]

Tree plantings have become a go-to climate solution for governments and conservation groups due to the carbon-storing potential of trees.  While planting new trees on open farmland would help capture additional carbon, a new study led by scientists from Yale School of the Environment suggests a powerful alternative: forest-based agroforestry. Instead of clearing land for […]

This summer has already seen unprecedented heat in many places.  It started with a record-breaking heat dome in June in the United States.  Alaska had its first-ever heat advisory that month.  Europe has seen triple-digit temperatures in cities like Paris, Madrid, and Rome and even in places like Austria, Sarjevo, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia.  On […]

Cement pretty much holds the modern world together.  The amount of cement required to create our infrastructure is almost incomprehensible.   By weight, humanity consumes more cement than food, about 3 pounds per person per day.  The cement industry produces around eight percent of global CO2 emissions, which is more than the aviation industry.  So, if […]

Tens of thousands of raccoons live in Kassel, a city of 200,000 people in central Germany known for its art scene.  Overall, there are an estimated 1.5 million raccoons in Germany.  The omnivorous mammals are native to North America, but they were brought to Germany in the 1930s for fur farming.  Fur farming ultimately ceased […]

An estimated 30 million tons of wood waste from construction and demolition in the U.S. ends up in landfills each year.  A growing number of cities have launched initiatives to reuse the wood instead.  It is a strategy to reduce carbon emissions, cut waste, and shift towards a circular economy. For a long time, salvaged […]

Poultry farms are a significant source of air and water pollution.  In the US, they are the largest source of ammonia emissions, followed by dairy and non-dairy cattle farms. Poultry farms emit over two million tons of ammonia per year. Ammonia is not directly produced or excreted by the birds but is a common by-product […]

Increasing reliance on digital technologies in general and artificial intelligence in particular are dramatically increasing the energy consumption of data centers.  Data centers consume far more energy per square foot than other commercial buildings.  By the year 2030, data center energy consumption in the US is projected to reach 9% of the country's electricity generation.  […]

Sea surface temperatures broke records in 2024 and a quarter of the world's oceans are experiencing temperatures that qualify as a marine heatwave.  A marine heatwave is a prolonged period during which ocean temperatures are significantly warmer than average for that specific location and time of year.  Unusual heatwaves have occurred in all the major […]

Getting people to recycle isn't always easy.  The bottled beverages we buy at the supermarket often require a small deposit that we can get back by recycling the bottle, but often, we just don't. Researchers from the University of British Columbia tested the idea of giving people returning bottles a small chance of winning a […]

Ultra-pure water is essential for multiple industries, for example semiconductors, batteries, and pharmaceuticals, as well as food and beverage companies.  Such water is produced by various processes including desalination plants that use reverse osmosis.  The byproduct of the processing is industrial brine:  salty wastewater. The brine produced by desalination is generally dumped into the ocean […]

Planting lots of trees is one of many strategies being pursued to combat climate change. Forests absorb carbon dioxide, provide shade, and help regulate temperatures. They also support biodiversity and improve air and water quality. According to a new study by researchers from the University of California – Riverside, restoring forests to their pre-industrial extent […]

The idea of using hydrogen as a fuel or an energy source has been around for a long time.  Hydrogen is the most common element in the universe, but most of it is locked up in various chemical compounds, such as water.  Hydrogen is a clean fuel; burning it or using it to generate electricity […]

Worldwide, people are producing more food than ever, but most of that production is concentrated into only a handful of places.  For example, fully one third of the world's wheat and barley exports come from Ukraine and Russia.  Across the globe, several major crop-growing regions, including some in the United States, are heading towards sharp […]

The majority of us spend about 80% of our time indoors.   The quality of the air that we breathe depends on the age and type of building we occupy along with any sources of indoor pollution that may exist and, ultimately, the quality of the air outdoors.  The HVAC used to heat, ventilate, and cool […]

More than 30% of the world's food is lost after it has been harvested.  That's enough to feed more than a billion people.  Much of that loss is fruits and vegetables that go bad before they can be eaten. Refrigeration is the most common way to preserve foods, but the energy and infrastructure required is […]

Nuclear power has been around since the 1950s, but it has fallen out of favor in recent decades, in part due to a couple of traumatic disasters at nuclear power plants.  In fact, only two new nuclear power plants have been built in the US in the past 30 years, and they took a very […]

As global temperatures continue to rise and ecosystems shift, animals are left with limited options. They must either adjust to the changing conditions in their habitats or relocate to cooler environments. For many species, neither choice is easy – or sometimes even possible. Ecologists had long assumed birds were among the most adaptable species in […]

Sea Urchins are real troublemakers.  On the West Coast, the sea urchin population exploded when the sunflower sea stars that eat them were decimated by a wasting disease.  Urchins devour kelp and they ate up 96% of the region's kelp forests.  Kelp forests serve as shelter and food for a vast array of marine life […]

Air pollution is a problem for most of the world's cities.  Many cities in India and China continue to face major public health crises due to their polluted air.  American cities also don't escape from polluted air.  Californian cities still struggle with smog despite decades of effort to reduce it.  But one major city that […]