Podcasts about co2

Viagra's Cancer Signal, TV's Toll on Your Brain, Heat and Accelerated Aging, and a New Way to Flush Your Brain Explained Viagra's Active Ingredient May Block Cancer From Spreading A study published in Cancer Research from the Weizmann Institute of Science, in collaboration with Clalit and the U.S. National Cancer Institute, found that sildenafil, the active ingredient in Viagra, may interfere with cancer cells' ability to metastasize by disrupting how they regulate cholesterol, a resource tumors need to detach and invade new tissue. The team combined mouse models and human cell cultures with more than twenty years of medical records covering roughly five million people, and found better survival outcomes among about forty thousand cancer patients who had taken sildenafil before diagnosis. Researchers also flagged a possible combination effect with statins. Host Dave Asprey breaks down why this cheap, off-patent drug class deserves more attention than it's getting, and where it fits alongside his own longevity protocol. Source: https://www.healthline.com/health-news/viagra-may-stop-cancer-from-spreading-study ~~ Heavy TV Watching In Midlife Tied To Alzheimer's-Related Brain Changes A nearly twenty-four-year study published in Alzheimer's & Dementia followed more than 1,700 adults, tracking TV habits in their early fifties and scanning their brains in their mid-seventies. Men who watched more TV showed greater white matter damage and smaller frontal and occipital lobes, while women showed no such association. Critically, people with desk jobs that kept them sedentary all day did not show the same brain changes, and the TV association held even after adjusting for exercise levels. Host Dave Asprey unpacks why passive screen time, not sitting itself, may be the real driver here. Sources: https://www.the-independent.com/life-style/tv-time-linked-alzheimers-study-b3023054.html https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/alz.71582 ~~ Ambient Heat Exposure Linked To Faster Biological Aging A Science Advances study of 3,686 older adults linked neighborhood-level heat index exposure to accelerated biological aging using DNA methylation clocks. Short-term heat exposure moved one clock significantly, while exposure sustained over a full year or six years moved all major clocks, with extreme-caution heat days tied to nearly a three-year jump in one aging measure and a five percent faster overall aging pace on another. Researchers point to inflammation and stress signaling as likely drivers. Host Dave Asprey explains why this is a fundamentally different kind of heat story than the sauna and cold-plunge conversation biohackers are used to. Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adr0616 ~~ Industrial Chicken Farming May Be Accelerating The Spread Of Drug-Resistant Bacteria A genomic analysis of nearly 2,800 bacterial samples from chickens and wild birds across thirty countries, published in PNAS and covered by The Guardian, found a roughly hundredfold increase in Campylobacter strain transitions between wild birds and farmed chickens since 1900. Global chicken populations have grown sevenfold since the 1960s to about 27 billion birds, and researchers identified genetic adaptations tied to antimicrobial resistance developing inside that population. Sixty to eighty percent of human Campylobacter infections trace back to raw chicken, with links to post-infectious IBS in some cases. Host Dave Asprey connects the dots between industrial farming density and the gut-health stakes for anyone who eats chicken. Sources: https://www.theguardian.com/food/2026/jul/27/industrial-chicken-farming-accelerating-spread-of-diarrhoea-bacteria-study-finds https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2609969123 ~~ VA Researchers Develop Breathing-Based "Brain Flush" For Parkinson's And Alzheimer's VA researchers led by Dr. Henry Lin found a way to trigger the brain's glymphatic clearance system, normally active during deep sleep, in people who are awake, using alternating puffs of five percent carbon dioxide and room air every thirty-five seconds. In a study of thirty Parkinson's patients and thirty-three healthy controls, a single thirty-minute session produced measurable increases in blood levels of beta-amyloid, alpha-synuclein, and other waste proteins associated with neurodegeneration. The VA's Technology Transfer Program is now developing a patent and prototype device. Host Dave Asprey explains why this gives breathwork protocols a real physiological mechanism instead of just a hunch. Source: https://www.research.va.gov/currents/0426-Exciting-new-treatment-being-developed-for-Parkinsons-Alzheimers.cfm ~~~ This episode is designed for biohackers, longevity enthusiasts, and high-performance listeners who want mechanism-level insights into an overlooked cancer drug repurposing story, the real difference between passive and active screen time, a new angle on heat as a biological stressor, the hidden gut-health cost of industrial poultry farming, and a breathing technique that may unlock your brain's own detox system. Host Dave Asprey connects clinical research, large-scale genomic data, and translational neuroscience into practical frameworks for improving longevity, gut health, and brain performance. New episodes every Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, and Sunday. Keywords: sildenafil cancer metastasis, Viagra cancer research, cholesterol cancer cells, PDE5 inhibitor longevity, TV Alzheimer's risk, screen time dementia, white matter brain aging, passive sedentary behavior brain, ambient heat epigenetic aging, DNA methylation clock, heat index biological aging, industrial chicken farming bacteria, Campylobacter antibiotic resistance, foodborne illness IBS, glymphatic system brain flush, CO2 breathing brain detox, Parkinson's Alzheimer's treatment, VA brain research, biohacking news 2026, Dave Asprey, The Human Upgrade Thank you to our sponsors! - Suppgrade Labs | Get real restorative sleep with Quiet Mode. Use code DAVE15 at shopsuppgradelabs.com. - Timeline | Visit timeline.com/dave to learn more about Mitopure and get 20% off your first order for a limited time. - iRestore | Reverse hair loss at www.irestore.com/DAVE and get exclusive savings on the iRestore Elite, use code DAVE Resources: • Get My 2026 Clean Nicotine Roadmap | Enroll for free at https://daveasprey.com/2026-clean-nicotine-roadmap/ • Get My 2026 Biohacking Trends Report: https://daveasprey.com/2026-biohacking-trends-report/ • Dave Asprey's Latest News | Go to https://daveasprey.com/ to join Inside Track today. • Danger Coffee: https://dangercoffee.com/discount/dave15 • My Daily Supplements: SuppGrade Labs (15% Off) • Favorite Blue Light Blocking Glasses: TrueDark (15% Off) • Dave Asprey's BEYOND Conference: https://beyondconference.com • Dave Asprey's New Book – Heavily Meditated: https://daveasprey.com/heavily-meditated • Join My Substack (Live Access To Podcast Recordings): https://substack.daveasprey.com/ • Upgrade Labs: https://upgradelabs.com Timestamps: 00:00 – Intro 00:19 – Story #1: Viagra & Cancer 02:01 – Story #2: TV Watching & Brain Aging 03:16 – Story #3: Heat Exposure & Biological Age 04:46 – Story #4: Chicken Farming 06:34 – Story #5: CO2 Therapy & Brain Detox See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In this live-stream episode, Bryan is joined by Tim DeStasio, John Semmelhack, and Ty Branaman for a deep dive into residential ventilation — the often-overlooked "V" in HVAC. The group opens with quick life updates before launching into a wide-ranging conversation covering the three core ventilation strategies (circulation, extraction, and dilution), how tight home construction changes the ventilation equation, and why there is no single "magic number" that works for every house. A major theme is the physics of pressurization and depressurization. Tim walks through balanced strategies (ERVs and HRVs), positive-pressure approaches using ventilating dehumidifiers, and exhaust-only setups — explaining why exhaust-only, while still code-compliant, is his least favorite option due to the risk of pulling air from crawl spaces, attics, or combustion appliances. Using REDCalc, Tim demonstrates how even modest airflow can swing a tight house's pressure by ten or more pascals, and the group discusses how wind, stack effect, and seasonal conditions constantly change a home's natural air exchange rate. Ty brings a service-focused perspective, emphasizing measurement before intervention — checking CO2, carbon monoxide, and other indicators before jumping to solutions like bigger fans or added dehumidification. He shares real-world stories, including a rental home with elevated CO from an unvented gas range, and stresses that building science problems (duct leakage, poorly placed bath fans, depressurized combustion appliances) often hide behind symptoms that look like simple ventilation shortfalls. Large kitchen range hoods get particular attention: hoods moving 1,200 CFM or more can seriously depressurize a house, and the group discusses code thresholds for interlocked and powered makeup air, along with practical products like the Fantech MUAS. John rounds out the discussion with a walkthrough of a real high-performance home design, showing how an ERV can serve both whole-house outside air and continuous bathroom exhaust, how MERV 16 pre-filtration has become a common upgrade since the 2021—2022 wildfire smoke events, and how an ERV can be configured to boost into a makeup-air role when a range hood kicks on. The episode closes with a look at ventilating dehumidifiers, demand-controlled ventilation, the tradeoffs of leaving blower fans in the "on" position, and recommended resources for anyone wanting to go deeper into building science. Topics Covered The three ventilation strategies: circulation, extraction, and dilution How tight, high-performance construction drives the need for mechanical ventilation Calculating and understanding natural air exchange rates Balanced (ERV/HRV), positive-pressure, and exhaust-only ventilation strategies Using REDCalc to model pressurization and depressurization Why exhaust-only ventilation can create combustion safety risks Designing ventilation with flexibility beyond code-minimum rates Measuring first: CO2, CO, and pollutant levels before choosing a solution Large range hoods, makeup air requirements, and the Fantech MUAS system Passive capture and range hood geometry (corner hoods vs. center islands) A real-world high-performance home ERV design walkthrough MERV 16 pre-filtration for outside air following regional wildfire smoke events Using an ERV in a makeup-air configuration for range hood operation Ventilating dehumidifier strategy and sizing considerations Demand-controlled ventilation and the new ASHRAE 62.2-2025 guidance Risks of leaving blower fans in the "on" position, including duct leakage effects Recommended building science resources: Joseph Lstiburek, Allison Bailes, and TEC classes   Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at https://www.speakpipe.com/hvacschool Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 8th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/symposium. Subscribe to our podcast on your iPhone or Android. Subscribe to our YouTube channel. Check out our handy calculators here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for Apple and Android.

Mikael and Jack answer listener questions on indoor versus outdoor FTP differences, whether time in zone is all that matters and how to optimise interval intensity, a first 70.3 debrief covering swim breathing problems and bike cramps, and lots more! Email us your questions, or answer the question prompts in our Instagram stories to get your questions answered on the next Q&A. HIGHLIGHTS AND KEY TOPICS: Why indoor and outdoor FTP differ, whether a 20-watt gap is normal, and why Mikael has never had an athlete test both. Fans and airflow as the most underrated indoor cycling upgrade, including the research showing 40 km time-trial power is maintained up to 27°C when airflow matches outdoor riding speed. How to back-calculate an outdoor FTP from your own sweet spot and threshold interval data rather than doing a second test. Why a 10-minute interval should not be done at your 10-minute power, and how to perform a session so you finish at a session RPE of 7 to 8 with something left in the tank. Is time in zone all that matters? The same power and the same total work can produce very different internal loads. Minimum rep lengths if you want to spread work through a longer ride: 4 to 5 minutes for VO2max reps, 10 to 15 minutes for threshold reps. A first 70.3 debrief: why the swim breathing fell apart and how to break the hypercapnia (CO2 buildup) spiral, and what most likely caused hamstring cramps at 70 km on a hilly bike course. Instagram questions: finding your bike power in the first 20 minutes of a race, whether a VO2max block followed by a threshold block is a silver bullet, training after dental surgery, splitting 120 g of carbs per hour, and preparing for the Ironman Nice climb when you have no long climbs. SHOWNOTES, LINKS, RESOURCES AND RELATED EPISODES: The shownotes for today's episode can be found here. The full podcast episode archives (including category filters) can be found here. Is VO2max more important than lactate threshold? | Research roundup Kolie Moore – Overrated and Underrated Factors for Cycling Performance Why 90 Grams of Carbs Still Beats 120 | Paul Booth Triathlon Base Training Series 1 - How to train smarter in winter to race faster in summer Prolonged self-paced exercise in the heat – environmental factors affecting performance - Junge et al. 2016 Physiological comparison of intensity-controlled, isocaloric intermittent and continuous exercise - Combes et al. 2018 Short intervals induce superior training adaptations compared with long intervals in cyclists - an effort-matched approach - Rønnestad et al. 2015 The higher the fraction of maximal oxygen uptake is during interval training, the greater is the cycling performance gain - Odden et al. 2024 SPONSORS: Precision Fuel & Hydration produce our favourite gels, sports drinks, and electrolyte and carbohydrate products here at That Triathlon Show and Scientific Triathlon. Use the free Fuel & Hydration Planner to get a personalised plan for your carbohydrate, sodium and fluid intake in your next event, and get 15% off your first 2026 order by using the code TTS2026 at checkout. Rouvy is hands down the most complete indoor cycling platform for triathletes. Among their thousands of beautiful bike courses from all around the world, all filmed in stunning quality, they have over 75 IRONMAN and IRONMAN 70.3 race courses plus 20+ Challenge Family courses, so you can pre-ride your race from home. Real gradients, real visuals, and real feel! Head to rouvy.com and use the code TTS to get your first month free on top of a 7-day free trial. Effortless Swimming produce the best swim goggles for triathletes and open water swimmers. Their NanoClear anti-fog lenses give you clear, fog-free vision that lasts and doesn't wear off. Don't let foggy or leaky goggles ruin another swim. Go to shop.effortlessswimming.com and use the code TTS15 to get 15% off your goggles, and get a free two-month Effortless Swimming course membership. ZenAI is the next frontier of podcasting. It lets you turn your ideas into a podcast without any knowledge of audio editing, video, or production. You do the talking, and the AI handles the production, editing, clipping, and the rest, and you can direct your AI producer in plain English. You can even record from your phone, so no expensive studio gear is needed to sound great. ZenAI is a new product from Zencastr, a platform I've been a paying customer of for over nine years here at That Triathlon Show. ZenAI is currently in invite-only beta. Join the waitlist today here.LEARN MORE ABOUT SCIENTIFIC TRIATHLON: The Scientific Triathlon website is the home of That Triathlon Show and everything else that we doContact us through our contact form or email me directly (note - email/contact form messages get responded to much more quickly than Instagram DMs)Subscribe to our NewsletterFollow us on InstagramLearn more about our coaching, training plans, and training camps. We have something to offer for everybody from beginners to professionals.HOW CAN I SUPPORT THAT TRIATHLON SHOW (FOR FREE)? I really appreciate you reading this and considering helping the show! If you love the show and want to support it to help ensure it sticks around, there are a few very simple things you can do, at no cost other than a minute of your time. 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Old Caz Beer co-founder Bryan Rengel is our guest with Herlinda Heras and Daedalus Howell on the Brew Ha Ha today. He has been on Brew Ha Ha before, most recently this episode in January of 2024. Bryan explains that Old Caz was founded on what he calls the Free Craigslist Model of business development. They were able to build the whole brewery from equipment and furnishings that they got for free on Craigslist. They fixed all their own office furniture, and the whole taproom with a walk-in fridge, and more. It’s an ethos that he has never stopped applying to the business. The Old Caz Cavalcade When they opened their location in Somo Village, they conducted a trek to the new place that attracted 300 people for a 3.5 mile walk. Now for the new Petaluma location, they are organizing the Old Caz Cavalcade. This time walkers will leave on the trail then take the train down. Or, bicyclists will have a route that leads to the Smart Train Bike Path, which itself leads right to the Old Caz Backyard. You have a choice of routes. +++{Russian River Brewing}+++Visit Russian River Brewing Co. in Santa Rosa on 4th St. and at their big Windsor location. Check out their website and socials for up-to-date hours, menus, beers and more.+++{Russian River Brewing}+++ The bike route is almost totally flat. Old Cazadero Road is the origin of the Old Caz Beer name. That was their favorite difficult ride among all the local hills. +++{ProChiller Green}+++Visit our sponsor Pro Chiller online for all the info about their new CO2-based Pro Green Solutions.+++{ProChiller Green}+++ Bryan is the father of two young boys and a lot of other people at the brewery have young families. So it was important for them to make the location family friendly with an area that is safe for children. 

It's EV News Briefly for Sunday 26 July 2026, everything you need to know in less than 5 minutes if you haven't got time for the full show.Patreon supporters fund this show, get the episodes ad free, as soon as they're ready and are part of the EV News Daily Community. You can be like them by clicking here: https://www.patreon.com/EVNewsDailyBEVS OUTSCORE PETROL CARS IN OWNER APPEALBattery electric vehicle owners rated their cars higher than gas-powered vehicle owners in JD Power's 2026 US APEAL Study, with BEVs posting the biggest year-over-year gain, up 22 points. BEVs beat ICE vehicles in nearly every category, with the widest gap in powertrain satisfaction at 109 points.BYD DRAWS LEVEL WITH TESLA IN EUROPEBYD more than doubled its European market share to 2.4% in the first half of 2026, matching Tesla and edging ahead in absolute registrations with 174,144 vehicles versus Tesla's 170,351. Chery also surged, nearly quadrupling its share to 2.2%, helped by plug-in hybrid models across its Chery, Jaecoo, Omoda and Jetour brands.FORD TURN TO APPLE FOR $30,000 ELECTRIC PICKUPFord will integrate Apple Maps into its new Universal Electric Vehicle platform, using Apple's MapKit for Automotive SDK for navigation and to enhance BlueCruise hands-free driving. The tie-up supports Ford's planned $30,000 midsize electric pickup launching in 2027 as the first UEV-platform vehicle.HONDA EUROPE CHIEF WANTS TOUGHER, BROADER CO2 RULESHonda's European boss Hans De Jaeger called for stricter overall CO2 targets but more flexibility in how automakers meet them, criticizing the EU's narrow focus on battery-electric vehicles. He argued this approach limits customer choice, hurts sales, and contributes to Europe's ageing car fleet, urging room for hybrids, PHEVs and alternative fuels.HONDA INDIA TAKES A PHASED EV LINEHonda Motorcycle & Scooter India said electrification won't suit every market, favoring a multi-fuel, multi-pathway approach with EVs prioritized in dense urban areas with reliable charging. Its new QC3 Family electric scooter, featuring a 3 kWh battery and 145 km range, will launch first as a pilot in select cities rather than nationwide.NEXT EQUINOX EV MAY SHIFT TO BEV-NGeneral Motors is reportedly planning a second-generation Chevy Equinox EV for late 2028 or early 2029, shifting from the BEV3 platform to a new BEV-N architecture alongside a broader electronics overhaul. The current Equinox EV has topped 100,000 U.S. sales through June, and the 2027 model will add a native NACS port for Tesla Superchargers.SPAIN LAUNCHES AUTO+ EV GRANT SCHEMESpain approved Auto+, a new EV subsidy program running through 2030 that replaces MOVES III and covers only vehicles meeting the DGT ZERO emissions label. Grants range up to €4,500 for private buyers' passenger cars and up to €12,000 for vans under the Climate Social Fund, with extra incentives for EU-built models and batteries.VOLKSWAGEN OPENS ID. CROSS ORDERS IN GERMANYVolkswagen opened German orders for the ID. Cross, initially only in a 155 kW front-wheel-drive version with a 52 kWh battery, priced from €34,025 after incentives in Life trim. The cheaper €27,995 Trend base version, positioned above the ID. Polo, won't be available until orders open in mid-October.BMW PITS ELECTRIC M3 AGAINST PETROLBMW plans to develop its next electric M3 alongside a new petrol M3, letting the two compete for the same buyers in what M boss Frank van Meel calls an internal contest. Previewed by the M Concept Neue Klasse, the four-motor electric M3 will prioritize balance and agility over raw power figures.

Nesta edição do "CBN Meio Ambiente e Sustentabilidade", o comentarista Marco Bravo aborda a relevância do Dia Mundial da Proteção dos Manguezais e os alertas sobre a perda desse ecossistema vital. Conhecidos como berçários da vida marinha, os manguezais são cruciais para a reprodução de peixes, crustáceos e moluscos, sustentando a pesca artesanal e a biodiversidade costeira.Além de abrigar espécies emblemáticas — como o caranguejo-uçá e diferentes tipos de mangue adaptados à água salobra —, o ambiente desempenha um papel fundamental no combate ao aquecimento global. Por meio da retenção do chamado "carbono azul", o solo e a vegetação dos manguezais capturam grandes volumes de CO2, funcionando como uma barreira natural contra as mudanças climáticas.Por que esses ecossistemas continuam ameaçados e como podemos garantir sua preservação? O comentarista detalha o cenário e os desafios de conservação.

The ocean is already one of the best climate solutions we've got. It absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere that would otherwise contribute to global warming. But what if it could store even more CO2? Marketplace's Amy Scott, host of our climate podcast “How We Survive,” looked into one strategy to achieve that goal. And she set sail for a demonstration.This feature is part of “How We Survive.” You can hear more of Amy's reporting on marine carbon removal and other geoengineering solutions on their new season, wherever you get your podcasts.

The ocean is already one of the best climate solutions we've got. It absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere that would otherwise contribute to global warming. But what if it could store even more CO2? Marketplace's Amy Scott, host of our climate podcast “How We Survive,” looked into one strategy to achieve that goal. And she set sail for a demonstration.This feature is part of “How We Survive.” You can hear more of Amy's reporting on marine carbon removal and other geoengineering solutions on their new season, wherever you get your podcasts.

You'd think the dirtiest air you breathe all day is outside, but Mike Feldstein showed me it's the opposite. The average home is usually 5 to 10 times dirtier than the air outside, and since the 1970s we've built homes airtight for energy efficiency, so every new couch, rug, and coat of paint off-gasses right where you live. In a study of 150 people, just cleaning the bedroom air got them 25 more minutes of sleep a night and 18% more deep sleep. If you've been waking up tired, foggy, or congested and can't figure out why, don't start with your bloodwork. Start with the tank you're living in. CLICK HERE TO BECOME GARY'S VIP!: ⁠https://bit.ly/4ai0Xwg⁠ Connect with Mike Feldstein Website: https://bit.ly/4vVRDYs   Website: https://bit.ly/4gTFUWi   Instagram: https://bit.ly/4yIZhrJ  LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/4yzh18C   Thank you to our partners A-GAME: “ULTIMATE15” FOR 15% OFF: http://bit.ly/4kek1ij AION: “ULTIMATE10” FOR 10% OFF: https://bit.ly/4h6KHAD AIRES: "ULTIMATE20 " FOR 20% OFF: https://bit.ly/4a3Duze BAJA GOLD: "ULTIMATE10" FOR 10% OFF: https://bit.ly/3WSBqUa BODYHEALTH: “ULTIMATE20” FOR 20% OFF: http://bit.ly/4e5IjsV COLD LIFE: THE ULTIMATE HUMAN PLUNGE: https://bit.ly/4eULUKp CYMBIOTIKA: "BRECKACYM30" FOR 30% OFF: https://bit.ly/4tjyluP  GENETIC METHYLATION TEST (UK ONLY): https://bit.ly/48QJJrk GENETIC TEST (USA ONLY): ⁠https://bit.ly/3Yg1Uk9 GOPUFF: GET YOUR FAVORITE SNACK!: https://bit.ly/4obIFDC H2TAB: “ULTIMATE10” FOR 10% OFF: https://bit.ly/4hMNdgg HEALF: 10% OFF YOUR ORDER: https://bit.ly/41HJg6S PEPTUAL: “TUH10” FOR 10% OFF: https://bit.ly/4mKxgcn SNOOZE: LET'S GET TO SLEEP!: https://bit.ly/4pt1T6V WHOOP: JOIN & GET 1 FREE MONTH!: https://bit.ly/3VQ0nzW Watch  the “Ultimate Human Podcast” every Tuesday & Thursday at 9AM EST: YouTube: ⁠https://bit.ly/3RPQYX8⁠ Podcasts: ⁠https://bit.ly/3RQftU0⁠ Connect with Gary Brecka Instagram: ⁠https://bit.ly/3RPpnFs⁠ TikTok: ⁠https://bit.ly/4coJ8fo⁠X: ⁠https://bit.ly/3Opc8tf⁠ Facebook: ⁠https://bit.ly/464VA1H⁠ LinkedIn: ⁠https://bit.ly/4hH7Ri2⁠ Website: ⁠https://bit.ly/4eLDbdU⁠ Merch: ⁠https://bit.ly/4aBpOM1⁠ Newsletter: ⁠https://bit.ly/47ejrws⁠ Ask Gary: ⁠https://bit.ly/3PEAJuG⁠ Timestamps 00:00 - ​Intro of Show 00:58 - From disaster remediation to air quality 04:25 - Why cleaned homes get contaminated again 06:13 - The problem with store-bought air purifiers 09:41 - California wildfires and vaporized toxins 11:10 - Activated carbon, VOCs, and filter lifespan 14:38 - Homes built like Tupperware containers 16:17 - CO2 spikes from dinner parties 17:33 - ERVs, HRVs, and letting your home breathe 19:57 - Mold, mycotoxins, and the Miami problem 20:51 - The mold testing gold rush and false results 24:53 - You can't heal in the place that made you sick 27:44 - Air quality, cognition, and SAT scores 29:41 - Kids' sore throats and hidden mold 31:19 - Where to place a purifier in your home 33:41 - Range hoods that vent nowhere 36:36 - Bathroom fans, carpets, and deep-clean vacuums 39:35 - Indoor air is 10x dirtier than outdoor air 41:00 - Shoes, glyphosate, and filtered water 42:35 - Fragrances and the Uber air freshener 45:06 - Processed food, GLP-1, and nutrient density 48:18 - What PM 2.5 does inside your body 51:00 - Rebranding sleep as healing time 52:30 - Babies, cribs, and diaper pails 54:32 - Nursery tips for expecting parents 57:00 - The 150-person sleep study results 1:00:50 - Why HEPA ratings are misleading 1:03:09 - Air, water, and lighting as the priorities 1:04:47 - The Austin school clean-air experiment  Disclaimer: This podcast is for informational purposes only and does not provide medical advice. It is not intended for diagnosing or treating any health condition. Always consult a licensed healthcare professional before making health or wellness decisions.  Gary Brecka is the owner of Ultimate Human, LLC which operates The Ultimate Human podcast and promotes certain third-party products used by Gary Brecka in his personal health and wellness protocols and daily life and for which Ultimate Human LLC and / or Gary Brecka directly or indirectly holds an economic interest or receives compensation.  Accordingly, statements made by Gary Brecka and others (including on The Ultimate Human podcast) may be considered promotional in nature. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Sustainability isn't just good PR; it's good business math. In this episode, Andrew breaks down why companies are shifting toward circular business models, using Philips Lighting as a case study in selling light as a service instead of a product. He digs into the economics behind the shift: a British industrial symbiosis study that saved companies significant money and cut CO2 emissions, a PwC Sweden study showing double-digit operating cost reductions in circular electronics, and the rise of sustainability-linked loans that reward companies for hitting circularity targets with lower interest rates. Andrew also gets honest about the limits of corporate sustainability. Greenwashing is real, B Corp certification isn't perfect, and some consulting firms that advise on sustainability also take on fossil fuel clients. He connects this to a broader conversation about right-to-repair legislation, the EU's upcoming circular economy rules, and why appliances that used to last 20 to 25 years now often die within a decade. Along the way, he shares a personal story about a retired school principal who spent 25 years collecting bottles and cans to fund his old school, a small-scale example of the same circular thinking companies are now being pushed to adopt. This episode is part of How to Protect the Ocean's weekday coverage of ocean and sustainability news, where Andrew connects business decisions, government policy, and everyday consumer choices to the bigger picture of environmental protection. Takeaways Circular business models like Philips Lighting's lighting as a service can cut costs while extending product lifespans Industrial symbiosis and shared waste streams between companies can generate major cost savings and emissions reductions Sustainability-linked loans now offer lower interest rates to companies that hit circularity targets Greenwashing and inconsistent B Corp standards make it hard to separate real sustainability action from marketing The EU's upcoming circular economy legislation includes stricter product design rules, a digital product passport, and consumer repair rights Right to repair laws could reverse the trend of appliances failing well before their expected lifespan Deposit return systems for bottles and cans show how take-back models create financial incentive for recycling Support Independent Podcasts: https://www.speakupforblue.com/patreon Need help with your ocean non-profit, company, or project? Get the help you need with Pisces Oceans Inc.: https://www.piscesoceans.ca Connect with Speak Up For Blue Website: https://bit.ly/3fOF3Wf Instagram: https://bit.ly/3rIaJSG TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@speakupforblue Twitter: https://bit.ly/3rHZxpc YouTube: www.speakupforblue.com/youtube  

Comedian/writer Alison Leiby (@alisonleiby) joins Jesse, Andy and Matt to talk about her new memoir I'm A Lot, AI promotional scams, chronic back pain, how happiness can literally break your heart, takotsubo octopus traps, a breatkthrough in Alzheimer's-related sleep loss, plaque talk, inhaling CO2 to help with Alzheimer's, debunking the electric pangolin, giraffe math and ranking the intelligence of animals and demons.

Landfills across African cities are catching fire and releasing methane, an invisible greenhouse gas with more short-term warming potential than CO2. Sustainable strategist Mohamed A. Sultan reveals how local communities are turning this crisis into opportunity, diverting hundreds of tons of waste from landfills and helping thousands of farmers adopt more sustainable techniques. Learn why cutting methane emissions is a win-win opportunity to drive down global temperatures while also creating more livable cities. (This ambitious idea is part of The Audacious Project, TED's initiative to inspire and fund global change.) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In the nine hours after the Los Angeles wildfires, before the climate movement could get its shoes on, the narrative was being written. Through social media, podcasts and talking heads on cable news, the truth was buried behind a deliberate strategy of disinformation. In the twenty-one months since China's emissions have flatlined, everyone is asking whether this is a blip or a trend. And across 640,000 square kilometres of protected ocean, nobody is quite certain what happens next.You have probably seen these stories reported. But what is actually going on out there?This week, Christiana Figueres, Tom Rivett-Carnac and Paul Dickinson go after the questions underneath the headlines. What is actually changing, who is blocking progress, who is telling the story? And who holds power? Can a COP presidency really be split between two governments, one holding the diplomacy and the other the logistics? Christiana, who has run a few COPs, thinks it collapses over furniture. Is the addiction to profit an economic problem or a psychological one? Tom and Paul fight (amicably) about billionaires.Meanwhile, 1,600 communities across the UK have screened a film briefing the public on a crisis their government will not explain to them. If they can move that fast, what would it take for the rest of us to match them?LEARN MOREOn China's emissions

Comet Corn owners Sherry and Jeff Soleski are back on Brew Ha Ha with Herlinda Heras, six years after their first time on the show. That was this episode on December 20, 2018, along with co-host (at the time) Mark Carpenter and Brian Hunt from Moonlight Brewing Co. Comet Corn is well known around Sonoma County as it’s sold in all the breweries and taprooms as well as all the concerts. Jeff describes himself as the Summertime Santa with lots of popcorn to share. Herlinda gives Jeff and Sherry credit for their resilience. They lost their home in the Glass fire and yet they are “walking sunshine” says Herlinda. The Hale-Bopp comet was in the sky in 1997. Jeff and Sherry were so impressed with that comet that it led to the name of their business. Named after Comet Hale-Bopp Jeff is a builder, a carpenter and makes stained glass. He was musing on what his next chapter would be. They were out camping, and Hale-Bopp was in the sky. He was making popcorn, dressing it and giving it out. He wondered out loud what his next move would be and someone said, it’s the popcorn. It was hard to sell stained glass but he saw that people wanted snacks. Then he decided that if he was going to create something, is should be food. ++++RRBC++++Visit Russian River Brewing Co. in Santa Rosa on 4th St. and at their big Windsor location. Check out their website and socials for up-to-date hours, menus, beers and more.++++RRBC++++ Jeff can’t play music but he found that by feeding hungry musicians, he could get in to music events. So he built a customized popcorn cart and went into the business of making people happy. ++++ProChiller++++Visit our sponsor Pro Chiller online for all the info about their new CO2-based Pro Green Solutions.++++ProChiller++++ Hippie Dust is the name of the flavor now, but Hippie Dust was what they used to call nutritional yeast. The name of the salt flavor is Celestial. The others are Bloody Mary, Coconut Curry and Maple Syrup. They get their corn and safflower oil from organic growers. Herlinda notices that it is perfectly popped, light and crispy. They make fresh popcorn daily. Sherry calls all of their suppliers the Popcorn Tribe because it is a big family.  

Theresa, Jesse and Johanna from Squeakywheel Beverages join Herlinda Heras in the studio today on the Brew Ha Ha. Theresa Scripps is a co-founder, Johanna Pino does communication strategy and social media for Squeakywheel and Jesse Giambrone is a co-founder and creative director. This is their first time on the show. Squeakywheel Beverages are to be featured at the Petaluma Music Festival, which takes place two days after the live show. We talked about it on last week’s show, right here. Our guests have brought all three Squeakywheel cocktails, Squeakyrita, Squeakytiki and Squeakyspritz. Squeakytiki is a tropical fruit punch. Squeakyrita is Baja Lime with salt, and Squeakyspritz is “kind of like an Aperol spritz” flavor. They are wine cocktails and 6% Abv. People find that the flavor is surprisingly light and refreshing.  Sqeakywheel at the Petaluma Music Festival Herlinda will be at the Petaluma Music Festival, with a tasting tent featuring all kinds of refreshing beverages. Especially at these brew fests, when people are drinking a lot of beer, these drinks can really hit the spot. Also, they are gluten-free. They work with Paul Scotto, a winemaker from Lodi. Yet this is very different and not like wine at all. They start with a blend of a light white wine, unbaked, then they add some water to regulate the alcohol. All of the flavors are lightly effervescent, with a clean finish and no sugar aftertaste. ++++RRBC++++Visit Russian River Brewing Co. in Santa Rosa on 4th St. and at their big Windsor location. Check out their website and socials for up-to-date hours, menus, beers and more.++++RRBC++++ Music and arts belong in the schools and schools without the arts are no schools at all. It’s a cheapening of our entire culture. So these fund raisers are sometimes our only chance to make a positive contribution. ++++ProChiller++++Visit our sponsor Pro Chiller online for all the info about their new CO2-based Pro Green Solutions.++++ProChiller++++ Jesse mentions that the squeaky wheel gets the grease and Theresa mentions the slogan, and that the brand and the consumers have a voice. The slogan is, “start something, say something, be squeaky.”  It’s “an energetic, stylish brand with an attitude and a voice.” Visit the Squeakywheel Beverages website for all the locations where the brand is distributed.      

Nesta edição do Diálogos da Transição, gravada diretamente do Energy Summit no Rio de Janeiro, o estúdio eixos recebe Yuri Schmitke, presidente da Associação Brasileira de Energia de Resíduos (Abren). A entrevista aborda o cenário regulatório do biometano no Brasil, as metas de descarbonização e os avanços na recuperação energética de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) como solução sustentável para os municípios. O executivo classificou como conservadora a decisão do CNPE de fixar em 0,5% a meta inicial de biometano no gás natural, afirmando que o setor já tem potencial para 1% ainda em 2026. Schmidt defendeu a diferenciação da matéria-prima no certificado CEGOB, pois a biodigestão pode evitar até 1.500 g de CO2 equivalente, muito acima da captura em aterros. Também destacou o projeto pioneiro da Bren H2A Bioenergia em Santa Catarina, com produção de biometano e CO2 biogênico a partir de dejetos suínos. Sobre recuperação energética de RSU, citou cinco usinas contratadas no país, incluindo Barueri (2026), e o potencial do Rio de Janeiro para duas grandes usinas de 5 mil toneladas/dia. ____________________

Os choques de petróleo e gás gerados pelas guerras em curso deram a sacudida que faltava para a Europa mexer na sua matriz energética. A Comissão Europeia anunciou um plano para dobrar até 2040 a produção de eletricidade no bloco, estagnada em apenas 23% do consumo de energia final, ainda amplamente dominado pelas fontes fósseis. Lúcia Müzell, da RFI em Paris O grande desafio será baixar e estabilizar o preço da eletricidade, três vezes mais taxada do que o gás, o que a torna mais cara. Para isso, serão necessárias novas fontes de financiamento para os investimentos nas infraestruturas dos sistemas energéticos europeus, historicamente focados no petróleo, no gás e no carvão. “Isso é realmente o cerne da coisa”, frisa Nicolas Berghmans, diretor do programa de Novas Políticas Industriais do Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável e Relações Internacionais (Iddri), em Paris. “Quando olhamos para o resto do mundo, a China, a Coreia e o Japão já atingiram taxas de 30% e seguem aumentando rapidamente a dinâmica de apoio à eletricidade no seu mix. Isso mostra que é perfeitamente possível caminhar nessa direção e que é rentável, mas requer alguns ajustes.” Mudança vem pelo bolso Apesar de o bloco europeu ter metas ambiciosas de descarbonização, a maioria das economias ainda tem uma forte dependência das importações de combustíveis fósseis. O novo Plano de Ação para a Eletrificação é uma reação a essa vulnerabilidade. Desde o bloqueio de Ormuz, no Irã, a conta da energia subiu € 50 bilhões na União Europeia, com impacto para a estabilidade econômica dos Estados e seus cidadãos. Neste contexto, o estímulo à eletrificação se tornou uma prioridade para Bruxelas, principalmente para os setores altamente consumidores de energia, como transportes, construção civil e indústria. O objetivo é conseguir cortar em 70% o uso de gás no bloco – substituindo, por exemplo, caldeiras de aquecimento dos prédios ou fornos industriais por modelos elétricos. “Uma das soluções é eliminar os subsídios aos combustíveis fósseis e transferir para eles parte da carga tributária que existe na eletricidade. Isso desestimularia o uso dos fósseis e garantiria que o impacto de curto prazo nas finanças públicas não seja tão severo, uma vez que se os preços da eletricidade caírem, a arrecadação hoje atrelada a ela também vai diminuir”, observa Berghmans. Ao comentar a incompatibilidade entre o regime fiscal em vigor para a energia com as metas ambientais da UE, o comissário europeu de Energia, Dan Jorgensen, comparou os subsídios às fontes fósseis a “dar açúcar para pacientes diabéticos”. Ele defendeu que os incentivos – que chegaram a 97 bilhões de euros em 2024 – precisam acabar “o mais rapidamente possível”. A Comissão Europeia aponta para a meta de 46% de eletricidade no bloco até o fim da próxima década, mas caberá aos Estados-membros decidirem, nos próximos meses, se aceitam o desafio. Países com maior dependência das fontes fósseis, como Polônia, República Tcheca e Itália, tendem a pressionar por metas mais baixas ou contrapartidas, nas discussões que se sucederão no Parlamento e no Conselho Europeu, ao longo dos dois próximos semestres. Flexibilização do mercado de carbono Antecipando esse cenário, no mesmo dia da apresentação do plano, a Comissão também propôs um relaxamento das regras do mercado de carbono europeu. Os prazos de gratuidade e cotas mais baratas de emissões para diversos setores industriais altamente poluentes serão prorrogados, de 2034 para 2038. Em outras palavras, as empresas terão mais tempo para se descarbonizar. Aurélie Brunstein, analista de indústrias pesadas na organização Réseau Action Climat, ficou decepcionada. Ela acha que a decisão poderá comprometer as metas europeias de 90% de redução das emissões até 2040. “Constatamos que a Comissão Europeia escolheu privilegiar a competitividade industrial em detrimento do clima – e num momento em que acabamos de passar por uma terceira onda de calor. Quando vemos a que ponto ela relaxa a incitação para as indústrias se descarbonizarem, nos questionamos como os Estados farão para atingir os objetivos que foram fixados pela própria União Europeia”, questiona. “O risco é que a pressão que foi colocada sobre as indústrias seja transferida para outros setores, como o transporte, a agricultura, a construção civil e os sistemas de aquecimento”, lamenta Brunstein. Entenda o projeto de mudança Outro aspecto que gerou críticas de organizações ambientalistas é que as companhias poderão adquirir créditos de carbono internacionais a partir de 2036, por meio do financiamento de projetos de descarbonização fora da União Europeia, e esses créditos poderão ser contabilizados na redução de suas emissões. Há mais de 20 anos, o bloco implementou um mercado de cotas de emissões (ETS, na sigla em inglês) para enfrentar a mudança climática. Na prática, as indústrias que mais consomem energia e as companhias de luz devem comprar "permissões para poluir", segundo o princípio de "quem polui, paga", para compensar suas emissões de CO2. O preço da tonelada varia atualmente em torno de € 80. O total de cotas disponíveis no mercado vem sendo reduzido ao longo do tempo para estimular que as indústrias emitam menos. Cotas gratuitas também foram implementadas como incentivo. Elas deveriam ser extintas em 2034, mas agora a Comissão propõe prolongá-las e reduzir o ritmo de eliminação de todas as cotas disponíveis no mercado. “O preço do CO2 precisa ser baixo o suficiente para que as empresas europeias sejam minimamente competitivas e capazes de manter a produção. Mas, ao mesmo tempo, deve ser alto o bastante para impulsionar a descarbonização e permitir que os planos de investimento considerem um preço mínimo por tonelada de CO2 para fecharem o financiamento e a rentabilidade que esperam ter”, salienta Nicolas Leclerc, cofundador do Omnegy, consultoria especializada em descarbonização. Ele avalia que, num contexto em que a indústria europeia se encontra esmagada pela concorrência asiática e por regras ambientais rigorosas, a flexibilização representa um alívio. “Chegou-se a um compromisso, e que vai na direção certa, afinal, não queremos que as empresas europeias fechem e os produtos passem a ser fabricados no exterior, em condições ambientais piores”, ressalta, frisando que as receitas geradas pelo mercado de carbono poderão financiar projetos de descarbonização.

Algumas das luas de Júpiter e Saturno têm sido objetos de interesse da astrobiologia há tempos. Novas missões estão a caminho para explorar alguns desses satélites e procurar  condições de habitabilidade que podem estar em grandes oceanos debaixo da superfície. Aqui na Terra, o estudo de organismos que vivem e se reproduzem em ambientes considerados extremos, os extremófilos, pode ajudar a entender como a vida pode se adaptar a condições de temperatura extremamente baixa, entre outros estressores. Para tratar do tema, o repórter Danilo Albergaria conversou com as pesquisadoras Amanda Bendia e Maria Eduarda Nascimento, ambas do Instituto Oceanográfico da USP, Rosaly Lopes, da NASA e Douglas Galante, do Instituto de Geociências, também da USP. Este é o terceiro episódio de uma série produzida pelo Danilo, com apoio do Programa Mídia Ciência, da FAPESP. _________________ Roteiro Danilo: Nos dois primeiros episódios do podcast Oxigênio dedicados à astrobiologia, falamos da busca por vida em exoplanetas e em Marte. Desde os anos 60, Marte foi o objeto que mais capturou as atenções dos cientistas interessados em entender se a vida pode ter surgido e  persistido em outros lugares do sistema solar. Mas esse panorama tem mudado nas últimas décadas. Desde as missões Galileo e Cassini, algumas das luas que orbitam Júpiter e Saturno entraram no rol de mundos com potencial de oferecer condições habitáveis à vida como a conhecemos. Novas missões espaciais estão a caminho ou em fase final de preparação para explorar algumas das luas dos gigantes gasosos. Entre os seus objetivos está entender melhor as potenciais condições de habitabilidade nos grandes oceanos debaixo da superfície dessas luas – ou seja, os cientistas querem saber se esses lugares oferecem condições suficientes para que seres vivos sobrevivam. Nesse episódio, eu entrevistei quatro cientistas que trabalham direta ou indiretamente com isso. Com eles, vamos explorar o que sabemos – e o que ainda não sabemos – sobre as luas geladas do sistema solar. Será que pode existir vida nesses lugares? É isso o que muita gente que pesquisa astrobiologia quer saber. [Vinheta] Danilo: Algumas das missões mais importantes da exploração espacial do presente e do futuro próximo estão destinadas às luas de Júpiter e Saturno. Vamos falar primeiro das que vão explorar a vizinhança de Júpiter.  A sonda JUICE, acrônimo para “explorador das luas geladas de Júpiter” em inglês, foi lançada pela ESA (a agência espacial europeia) em 2023 para explorar Ganimedes, Calisto e Europa, três das quatro luas de Júpiter chamadas de galileanas. O quarteto foi observado pela primeira vez há mais de 400 anos por Galileu Galilei. A não ser pela nossa própria Lua, nenhuma lua do sistema solar é visível a olho nu. Galileu foi o primeiro a observar as luas de Júpiter usando um telescópio, invenção recente que tinha sido aprimorada por ele. As luas galileanas de Júpiter são relativamente grandes. Embora ainda sejam objetos bem menores do que a Terra, Ganimedes e Calisto são um pouco maiores do que a nossa Lua, enquanto a  Europa é um pouco menor. A quarta lua, a Io – um verdadeiro inferno vulcânico, e que não estava no radar de estudos da missão de 2023 como as demais, é praticamente do mesmo tamanho da nossa Lua.  A JUICE está a caminho do sistema joviano, ou seja, Júpiter e suas luas, mas ainda se encontra na vizinhança da Terra. Ela deve se aproximar de novo de nós para pegar embalo com a gravidade do nosso planeta, que vai estilingar a sonda para o sistema solar externo. A JUICE deve chegar aos arredores de Júpiter em julho de 2031. Outra sonda, a Europa Clipper, da NASA, foi lançada em outubro de 2024 para investigar, como o nome sugere, a lua Europa, a mais interessante das luas de Júpiter. A estilingada da Europa Clipper, ao passar perto da Terra, vai acontecer um pouco depois da passagem da JUICE – vai ser em dezembro de 2026, mas a Clipper deve chegar antes à vizinhança de Júpiter, em abril de 2030. A Clipper vai orbitar Júpiter e passar bem pertinho da superfície de Europa umas 50 vezes. Além das duas missões ocidentais, a China está planejando lançar uma sonda em 2029 para chegar a Júpiter em 2035 e explorar as luas Calisto e Ganimedes. Por que tanto interesse nessas grandes luas de Júpiter? Como eu já indiquei no começo do episódio, existem muitos indícios e evidências indiretas de que Europa, Calisto e Ganimedes têm enormes oceanos debaixo de uma espessa superfície gelada. A estimativa é de que cada uma dessas três luas tenha corpos de água líquida maiores do que todos os oceanos terrestres. Conversei sobre isso com o Douglas Galante, professor do Instituto de Geociências da USP e um dos pioneiros da astrobiologia no Brasil – ele é vice-coordenador do AstroLab, da USP, o primeiro laboratório dedicado à pesquisa em astrobiologia no país, fundado em 2011 por Douglas, pelo químico Fabio Rodrigues, atual coordenador do laboratório, e pelo Ivan Paulino-Lima, que hoje é pesquisador na NASA. Douglas: Uma coisa sempre interessante quando a gente pensa nessas luas geladas que eu sempre falo é que a gente adora falar que a Terra é o planeta água, algo que ficou popularizado, e a gente esquece de pensar que nessas luas de Júpiter e Saturno a gente tem mais água do que aqui na Terra. É em cada uma delas. Então a gente é muito presunçoso. Europa, os modelos mostram que ela pode ter um oceano de 100 quilômetros de profundidade. A gente não consegue imaginar o que são 100 quilômetros. O ponto mais profundo aqui na Terra, da Fossa das Marinas, são 11 quilômetros. Imagina 10 vezes mais. Danilo: Ganimedes, a maior lua de todo o sistema solar, deve ter um oceano seis vezes maior do que todos os oceanos da Terra combinados. Mas esses enormes corpos de água líquida não estão na superfície das luas, e sim debaixo de superfícies congeladas que podem chegar a centenas de quilômetros de espessura. Júpiter está cinco vezes mais distante do Sol do que a Terra, e o frio a essa distância do Sol impossibilita a existência de água líquida na superfície das luas. O Douglas chamou a atenção para o fato de que essas luas estendem possível habitabilidade para além da região em que a Terra orbita, mais próxima do Sol e que permite água líquida na superfície. Douglas: Mas o que eu acho super interessante, que eu sempre coloco, é que as luas dão um indicativo de habitabilidade que é maior do que a gente conhecia. Quando a gente olha os conceitos de habitabilidade tradicionais, que definem a zona de habitabilidade estelar, que é a presença de água líquida na superfície, as luas são ambientes crípticos que obtêm energia para manutenção da água líquida a partir da interação gravitacional com seus planetas hospedeiros. Danilo: Ok, mas se a superfície é gelada demais para ter água líquida, como esses oceanos podem existir? A explicação é a seguinte: o decaimento radioativo dos elementos que formam o núcleo das luas gera calor considerável de forma mais ou menos constante, parecido com o que acontece com o núcleo da Terra. Mas isso é só parte da explicação. Entra, então, o chamado “aquecimento de maré”. Conforme a lua se desloca na órbita do planeta gigante, a atração gravitacional do planeta não é uniforme: como a órbita não é circular, mas elíptica (ou “ovalada”), as luas às vezes estão um pouco mais perto e às vezes um pouco mais longe do planeta. Isso produz um efeito de “estica e puxa” que estica e comprime a lua, e isso gera calor entre as suas camadas internas. Também entra aí o fato de que as órbitas de Ganimedes, Io e Europa estão em ressonância, ou seja, enquanto a Io completa uma volta, a Europa completa duas, e a Ganimedes, quatro, o que aumenta a excentricidade de suas órbitas (ou seja, estica um pouco a elipse). Nesse processo, a própria variação na distância entre as luas gera uma interação gravitacional que contribui para o efeito de aquecimento de maré. Além disso, a provável presença de sais nos oceanos faz com que o ponto de congelamento diminua, mantendo a água em estado líquido. A JUICE e a Europa Clipper serão importantes para entender melhor as superfícies das luas e colher dados indiretos que indiquem algumas características desses oceanos, incluindo informações sobre se eles oferecem condições habitáveis para a vida como a conhecemos. Água líquida é uma das condições necessárias. Mas como os cientistas vão fazer para saber o que mais pode haver nesses oceanos?  [Música] Danilo: Para entender como os cientistas vão fazer para saber mais sobre as luas geladas, eu conversei com a Rosaly Lopes, que é diretora de ciências planetárias do JPL, o Laboratório de Propulsão a Jato da NASA. Ela teve atuação importante na missão Galileo, que explorou as luas de Júpiter entre 1995 e 2003.  Rosaly: Eu trabalhei na missão Galileo e a missão Galileo foi que descobriu que a Ganimedes e a Europa tinham oceanos de água líquida debaixo de uma crosta de gelo, principalmente Europa. Aí o pessoal fica muito entusiasmado porque Europa, nós sabemos que tem calor no interior, tem sinais de criovulcanismo, criovulcanismo é o vulcanismo que traz essa água líquida do interior para a superfície. E são três coisas essenciais para existir vida, vida como a nossa: água, energia, como calor, como vulcanismo, e material orgânico. Nós não sabemos muito sobre o material orgânico em Europa. Sabemos mais em Encélado e Titã, por exemplo. Eu também trabalhei na missão Cassini. Mas a missão que está indo agora para a Europa vai estudar justamente os depósitos da superfície para ver se é material orgânico ou não. Danilo: Encélado e Titã são luas de Saturno, e a Cassini foi a missão da NASA que explorou o sistema saturniano entre 2004 e 2017. Vamos falar delas daqui a pouco. Por ora, o que a Rosaly falou sobre possível criovulcanismo (ou vulcanismo gelado) em Europa é importante porque pode ser um dos mecanismos pelos quais parte do oceano do interior poderia ser expelida em enormes plumas de vapor de água e gelo. Não é algo completamente diferente de vulcões expelindo o magma do manto terrestre para a superfície. A Europa Clipper carrega instrumentos capazes de fazer medições que vão ser usadas para distinguir se essas plumas contêm material vindo do oceano profundo ou de pequenos reservatórios mais próximos da superfície. As pistas de criovulcanismo na superfície incluem anomalias de temperatura em determinadas regiões – mais quentes do que o esperado – além da presença de características que lembram fluxos de erupções ou de derretimento de geleiras aqui na Terra. Aliás, junto com a ausência de crateras de impacto de grande porte, isso indica que a superfície de Europa é jovem, devendo ter entre 50 e 100 milhões de anos. Em comparação, a superfície de Marte e da nossa Lua, formadas há bilhões de anos, tem muitas dessas grandes crateras, o que indica que a superfície não se renova. Ao examinar a superfície de Europa com a Clipper, os cientistas vão poder fazer inferências sobre seu interior. Mas a sonda não vai pousar na superfície da lua. Em vez disso, ela vai orbitar Júpiter e fazer 44 rasantes sobre Europa.  Douglas: Na verdade, ela não vai nem orbitar a Lua, ela vai ficar fazendo flybys em volta da Lua, vai fazer rasantes na Lua, e quando ela faz esses rasantes, ela faz uma série de imagens de alta resolução, faz medidas espectroscópicas para medir a composição, mas ela não vai, de fato, acessar diretamente o potencial oceano líquido que existe ali debaixo. E daí todo mundo pergunta, mas porque a gente não simplesmente pousa na superfície da Lua, faz um furo, mede a água e vê o que tem ali e pega um atum europeano, sei lá. Então isso é uma coisa complicada, porque o oceano de Europa tem 100 km de profundidade. A crosta, a gente fala que é uma crosta fina, mas fina, de 10 km de espessura. A gente tem que lembrar que as calotas polares aqui no nosso planeta têm de 4 a 4,5 quilômetros de profundidade.  Danilo: Pesquisadores estão explorando a potencial habitabilidade de oceanos de subsuperfície das luas analisando os seres vivos encontrados em condições muito adversas, extremas. A Amanda Bendia é professora do Instituto Oceanográfico da USP e coordenadora do ExtreMar, o Laboratório de Extremófilos Marinhos do instituto. Extremófilos são microrganismos capazes de viver em condições extremas e a Amanda é especialista em extremófilos marinhos de ilhas vulcânicas da Antártida. Lá existem fumarolas submarinas habitadas por micróbios adaptados a um ambiente com variação extrema de temperatura. Ela destaca o problema de conceber como microrganismos poderiam se adaptar às pressões muito altas que o oceano de Europa deve ter.  Amanda: Aqui na Terra, falando de extremófilos, a gente já encontrou vida nos mais extremos possíveis, desde a profundidade máxima do oceano até a mais alta atmosfera. Só que a profundidade máxima do nosso oceano é perto de 11 quilômetros, que fica naquela região das fossas marianas. Em Europa, é estimado que o ponto mais fundo seja ali perto de 100 quilômetros, então é 10 vezes quase mais profundo do que a nossa maior profundidade. Então, é um desafio a gente tentar entender como uma forma de vida ali poderia sobreviver a uma alta pressão como essa. Danilo: A Maria Eduarda Nascimento é doutoranda orientada pela Amanda, também no Instituto Oceanográfico da USP. A pesquisa dela envolve criar modelos computacionais para entender como possíveis comunidades de microrganismos poderiam subsistir no interior de oceanos de subsuperfície de luas geladas por meio de quimiolitoautotrofia – que é um nome sofisticado para descrever como alguns micróbios aqui na Terra se alimentam de compostos inorgânicos – como minerais e rochas – sem precisar de oxigênio e da luz do Sol. Os oceanos das luas geladas podem estar em contato com um interior quente e isso, dependendo dos elementos e compostos disponíveis, pode sustentar vida microbiana quimiolitoautotrófica. A gente vai falar disso daqui a pouco, porque a Maria também conversou comigo sobre alguns dos instrumentos da Europa Clipper. Maria: Ela tem o REASON, que é um radar para ver o quão grande é essa crosta de gelo e a estrutura. Ele tem um magnetômetro que é pela deformação no campo magnético que a gente sabe que tem um oceano, que a água salgada do mar acaba mexendo nesse campo eletromagnético, que a gente sabe que os elétrons da água salgada criam essa deformação no campo. Então a gente tem esse, que daí vai dizer quanto profundo é, vai dizer quão realmente muito profundo é. Qual é a salinidade? Vai ter um espectrômetro de massa também na Europa Clipper, então vai analisar esses gases na atmosfera por espectrometria. Danilo: A Clipper não vai ter como procurar diretamente por sinais de vida, buscando bioassinaturas, mas vai ser capaz de colher dados que vão poder indicar se o oceano é habitável ou não. Morando há décadas nos Estados Unidos, a Rosaly fala das bioassinaturas no inglês, biosignatures. Ela também falou sobre alguns dos instrumentos da Europa Clipper. Rosaly: Tem um que nós chamamos MASPEX, que é um espectrômetro de massa. Ele vai poder analisar gases perto de Europa. Se tiver pluma trazendo material do interior, isso vai ser uma beleza. Se não tiver pluma, aí depende de quanto material deve ter saído do interior. Também tem um Surface Dust Analyzer, que pode analisar partículas de poeira, dust é poeira. E existem sempre em todos os planetas e luas pequenos impactos de micrometeoritos e que estão colocando para fora partículas da superfície de Europa. Então, esse instrumento vai analisar a composição dessas partículas. E também, se tiver pluma no interior, colocando material para a superfície, também esse instrumento vai ser muito importante.  Nós vamos saber, por exemplo, mais sobre a espessura da crosta de gelo, se tem plumas trazendo material do interior para a superfície, se tem depósitos dentro da crosta de gelo que são, digamos, líquidos, que em vez de estar abaixo no oceano, estão mais perto da superfície. Está saindo algum material e nós sabemos que tem composição e cor diferente em umas regiões que chamam de Chaos Terrains, regiões caóticas, onde mais material veio do interior. E poder analisar a composição desse material, se tem material orgânico ou não. Então, [a sonda] vai também nos dizer muito mais sobre a lua Europa. Mas não é uma missão para detectar a vida, nem biosignature. Danilo: Diferentemente da Clipper, a JUICE (lançada pela ESA, a agência espacial europeia) não vai prospectar somente Europa, mas também Ganimedes e Calisto. Na verdade, o foco principal da missão da agência espacial europeia é a maior lua de todo o sistema solar, Ganimedes, a única que tem campo magnético próprio. A sonda vai orbitar essa grande lua, mirando entender sua estrutura interna, buscando mais informações sobre a extensão de sua crosta gelada, o volume de seu oceano, e caracterizar seu campo magnético. A sonda também vai fazer rasantes sobre Europa e Calisto para identificar locais mais interessantes para o pouso de futuras missões. O objetivo declarado da missão é entender as condições de habitabilidade oferecidas pelas três luas jovianas. Mas, claro, as luas de Júpiter não são as únicas que interessam para a astrobiologia. [Música] Danilo: Orbitando Saturno estão dois mundos que vêm chamando a atenção dos pesquisadores interessados na busca por vida fora da Terra há décadas: Titã e Encélado. Titã é a maior lua de Saturno – no sistema solar, ela só é menor do que a Ganimedes. Vamos falar de Titã daqui a pouco. Encélado é uma lua pequena – ela ainda tem tamanho mais do que suficiente para, com a própria gravidade, ter se tornado um objeto redondo, mas tem 15% do diâmetro da nossa Lua. A superfície dela, congelada, quase inteiramente branca com detalhes azulados, foi observada de perto pela primeira vez em 1980 e 81 quando as sondas Voyager visitaram o sistema saturniano. Se já era intrigante, Encélado se tornou um dos objetos mais interessantes do sistema solar com os indícios de que ela, também, possui um oceano de subsuperfície. A sonda Cassini, que começou a explorar o sistema de Saturno em 2004, observou Encélado ejetando plumas de materiais que devem compor esse oceano. Em três oportunidades, em 2008, 2012 e 2015, a Cassini deu rasantes – a uns 50 quilômetros de distância da superfície de Encélado – passando pelas plumas para analisar o que tinha ali. A Rosaly, que trabalhou na missão, falou um pouco sobre os achados. Rosaly: Encélado, o que é muito interessante é que esse líquido está em contato direto com o interior, a crosta do interior, porque foram detectados sais na pluma. Então, quer dizer que esse material está vindo direto do oceano. E nós sabemos que o oceano está em contato com o interior, que tem material orgânico também, sílica. Então, esse material está vindo direto do oceano até a superfície e você pode, digamos, colher esse material, voar pela pluma e colher o material.  Danilo: Com a Cassini, descobrimos indícios de que o oceano de Encélado tem materiais orgânicos e os seis elementos químicos essenciais para a vida: carbono, hidrogênio, oxigênio, nitrogênio, fósforo e enxofre. Eu também pedi para a Amanda explorar um pouco mais o que sabemos do oceano de Encélado a partir das plumas. Ela vai mencionar algo muito importante: as fontes hidrotermais.  Amanda: lá em Encélado é legal que tem umas plumas que são ejetadas em direção à superfície. E aí a Cassini passou de rasante nessas plumas que ficam geralmente ali no Polo Sul, de Encélado, e detectaram partículas de sílica. Esse tipo de partícula só poderia ser formado em temperaturas altas. Então, eles começaram aí uma discussão de que teriam fontes hidrotermais no fundo do oceano de Encélado. Isso é muito entusiasmante, porque a vida aqui na Terra, uma das grandes hipóteses, que é uma das mais aceitas pela comunidade científica, é que a vida teria se originado em fontes hidrotermais do oceano primitivo da Terra. Porque tem todos esses componentes químicos que geram um gradiente químico. A vida poderia obter energia, produzir energia a partir desse gradiente. Danilo: Até a década de 1970 ninguém sabia da existência das fontes hidrotermais no fundo dos oceanos terrestres. A crosta terrestre tem fissuras. Quando essas fissuras estão no assoalho oceânico, a água entra em contato com o magma próximo, o que gera verdadeiras chaminés, fumarolas. Nessas fontes, na escuridão do fundo oceânico, ecossistemas inteiros existem graças a microrganismos que conseguem produzir sua própria matéria orgânica a partir de substâncias inorgânicas, como compostos de enxofre, nitrogênio e ferro. A Amanda e a Maria falaram um pouco deles. Amanda: Tem não só micro-organismos bem específicos desses ambientes, mas até animais associados, porque os microrganismos sustentam a vida nesses locais, porque eles fazem um tipo de metabolismo que chama quimiossíntese. Que é um tipo de metabolismo que a gente tem todas as evidências de que era o metabolismo das primeiras formas de vida que existiram aqui. Eles conseguem obter energia a partir desses compostos químicos à base de enxofre, por exemplo. E aí, a partir dessa energia, eles conseguem fixar o CO2, que nem as plantas fazem a partir da luz. Fixam CO2 para produzir as moléculas orgânicas, eles conseguem, a partir da energia dessas rochas, desses compostos inorgânicos, fixar esse carbono e produzir, sintetizar essas moléculas orgânicas, então são produtores primários do fundo do oceano que sustentam a vida nesse oceano profundo. Então essas fontes hidrotermais são como se fossem oásis para essa vida de ambiente extremo em mar profundo. Maria: Eles estão lá respirando nitrogênio, respirando ferro, outros elementos. Então eles demonstram que essas similaridades, considerando o tempo também, por exemplo, Enceladus acredita que esse oceano esteja mais ou menos presente há um bilhão de anos, é tempo para a vida conseguir se adaptar a esse ambiente. Então, é plausível imaginar que se a gente tem um substrato quimiossintético, como por exemplo para a nossa vida aqui nas fontes hidrotermais, é plausível a gente imaginar que nesses outros mundos, onde existem essas condições alienígenas parecidas com o que a gente tem aqui, também exista vida.  Danilo: Além disso, o metano está entre os materiais orgânicos detectados em Encélado. Isso é mais um motivo para entusiasmo com o potencial de habitabilidade do oceano de Encélado. Amanda: Mas o legal do metano é que eles viram que provavelmente naquela camada fria de gelo tem clatrato de metano nas fissuras. Porque tem vários modelos que mostram a formação desse tipo de clatrato de metano, que são moléculas de metano que em volta tem moléculas de água congeladas, resumindo. E aqui na Terra a gente tem condições de oceano profundo e de subsuperfície pela alta pressão. Em temperatura baixa, a gente também tem hidrato de metano, que é abundante em algumas regiões de mar profundo, em subsuperfície. E aí, aqui na Terra, a gente tem nessas regiões de subsuperfície, eventualmente esse clatrato de metano pode vir mais em direção à superfície e exsudar esse metano. E a gente tem uma rica diversidade de arqueias que conseguem utilizar esse metano, arqueias e bactérias também, mas a gente vê que tem especificamente arqueias que conseguem metabolizar esse metano, consumir esse metano, são chamadas de metanotróficas. E aí é um grupo que hoje a gente já sabe que está espalhado na Terra, em todas as regiões de exsudação de metano, e que é muito adaptado a conseguir… Utilizar esse metano para obter energia nesses ambientes. Então a gente sabe que o metano também é um indicativo superlegal como uma fonte de energia para um possível metabolismo metanotrófico. [Música] Danilo: Eu não consigo decidir qual dessas luas é a mais interessante, mas eu sei que primeira a ter despertado minha curiosidade desde que li o livro Pálido Ponto Azul, do astrônomo Carl Sagan, é Titã. Então, vamos, finalmente, falar dela, a maior lua de Saturno. Titã foi observada pela primeira vez pelo astrônomo holandês Christian Huygens, com um telescópio que ele mesmo projetou, em 1655. Essa, que é a segunda maior lua do sistema solar, tem uma característica muito peculiar: Titã tem uma atmosfera muito espessa, e é tão densa que a pressão atmosférica em sua superfície é 50% maior do que a da Terra. Quando a sonda Voyager 1 passou pelo sistema saturniano em 1980, pela primeira vez os seres humanos puderam ver que a atmosfera de Titã oculta a superfície no espectro da luz visível. A Voyager também conseguiu caracterizar a atmosfera, composta principalmente de nitrogênio, com traços de metano e a presença de algo que vem semeando a imaginação de muita gente: moléculas orgânicas complexas. A sonda Cassini levou consigo um módulo nomeado em homenagem ao Christian Huygens. Quando a Cassini chegou perto de Titã, ela soltou a Huygens em direção à lua. Em janeiro de 2005, a Huygens desceu pela atmosfera muito densa de Titã, abriu um paraquedas e pousou. Por pouco mais de uma hora, a Huygens conseguiu fazer imagens da superfície, confirmando uma suspeita antiga dos astrônomos: como a Terra, Titã tem líquido estável na superfície. Mas não é água. Com temperatura média por volta de 180 graus Celsius negativos, a superfície de Titã tem lagos de hidrocarbonetos, ou seja, matéria orgânica. São lagos de metano e etano em estado líquido. Chove metano em Titã. Como? O Douglas explica. Douglas: Nessas temperaturas, o etano e o metano que fazem a atmosfera já conseguem ser condensados. Todo mundo já viu aqui um botijão de cozinha, de butano, butano propano, que dentro do botijão o gás está líquido. Você abre a torneirinha ali, a mangueira, sai líquido. E ele prontamente, quando chega na atmosfera, ele expande e forma gás. Então, quando você comprime gases, eles podem condensar e se tornar líquidos. Eles mudam de fase. A mesma coisa acontece lá. Com a alta pressão lá, a pressão é duas vezes a pressão aqui da Terra. E baixa temperatura, eles condensam, formam líquido. Então, ela tem oceanos, rios, lagos de metano e etano. E lentamente esse metano e etano vão evaporando, indo para a atmosfera. Na alta atmosfera eles se condensam de novo e formam nuvens. E essas nuvens podem chover ou nevar metano e etano. Então você tem um ciclo hidrológico, metanológico, completo de ciclagem de metano e etano na superfície.  Danilo: Quando esse material orgânico abundante em Titã interage com a radiação ultravioleta do Sol, ela forma polímeros orgânicos – moléculas compostas de cadeias muito extensas de carbono e hidrogênio. O Sagan deu o nome de tolinas para essas macromoléculas orgânicas muito abundantes em Titã. Douglas: Além disso, tem essas tolinas que formam hidrocarbonetos mais complexos. Por isso que normalmente o próprio [Carl] Sagan dizia isso: Titã pode não ser o melhor lugar para a vida como a gente conhece, mas pode existir alguma coisa de vida como a gente não conhece. Acima de tudo ela é um excelente laboratório de química prebiótica, porque você tem esse monte de moléculas orgânicas se formando, se complexificando e interagindo que pode dar os primeiros passos. Então grande parte das missões para ir para Titã ou para estudar Titã estão relacionadas com essa parte de química prebiótica. Esse é o principal argumento. Mas a própria missão que talvez vá em 2028, a Dragonfly, ela tem a proposta de procurar as duas coisas, de procurar resquícios, presença de água líquida, porque existe alguma água na superfície, mas normalmente na forma de gelo, ela vai buscar esse gelo e buscar por eventuais sinais de vida como a gente conhece, vida baseada em célula, coisas que a gente conhece. Danilo: A Dragonfly é uma missão da NASA em fase final de preparação. É uma espécie de drone do tamanho de um carro pequeno que vai explorar Titã. Deve até mesmo ser capaz de fazer pequenos voos pela atmosfera da lua. O lançamento da Dragonfly está previsto para julho de 2028 e a ela deve chegar em Titã em 2034. O que ela poderia encontrar lá, que seja de interesse astrobiológico? Será que Titã não poderia ter algum tipo de vida muito diferente da terrestre, com um maquinário bioquímico diferente? Douglas: A gente não conhece nada aqui na Terra que viva e que tenha metabolismo nessas temperaturas baixas, mas é cogitado. A Dragonfly também vai procurar por indícios de vida como a gente não conhece, algum desequilíbrio químico, alguma bioassinatura termodinâmica que possa indicar algum tipo de vida como a gente não conhece.  Danilo: Procurar pelo tipo de vida que a gente conhece, a terrestre, já é um desafio – se é que algo do tipo da vida terrestre existe fora da Terra. Um desafio ainda maior é procurar por vida como a gente não conhece. Tem muita coisa que a gente não sabe sobre a própria vida terrestre – como ela surgiu, por exemplo. Mas isso é o que sabemos que não sabemos – em outras palavras: é o desconhecido conhecido. Quando falamos em vida como não conhecemos, deve haver um espaço ainda maior de possibilidades que ignoramos e que nem sequer conseguimos conceber. É uma forma de ignorância dupla: nem sequer sabemos o que não sabemos. No próximo episódio, vamos voltar para a nossa vizinhança do sistema solar e olhar para um planeta gêmeo da Terra: Vênus. Ambos têm praticamente o mesmo tamanho, mas Vênus é um verdadeiro inferno, com uma superfície quente a ponto de derreter chumbo. Seria possível haver qualquer coisa viva lá? Na superfície, muito provavelmente não. Mas nas nuvens mais altas, a temperatura é bem mais amena. Em 2020, cientistas alegaram ter detectado fosfina, que aqui na Terra é produzida por seres vivos, uma possível bioassinatura nas nuvens altas de Vênus. Isso reacendeu o interesse astrobiológico no nosso vizinho infernal e novas missões estão em desenvolvimento para explorar a atmosfera ultradensa de Vênus. A pesquisa, o roteiro, a produção e a narração foram feitas por mim, Danilo Albergaria. A revisão do episódio foi da Simone Pallone, coordenadora do Oxigênio. A edição de áudio é do Guilherme Lopes, aluno do curso de Midialogia e estagiário da Coordenadoria de Centros e Núcleos Interdisciplinares de Pesquisa, a Cocen. As vinhetas do Oxigênio foram criadas por Elias Mendez. Este podcast foi produzido com apoio da Fapesp, por meio da bolsa Mídia Ciência, para divulgação do projeto Pontes interdisciplinares para a compreensão da vida no Universo: o Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa e Inovação em Astrobiologia e o Laboratório de Astrobiologia da USP. Você encontra a gente no site oxigenio.comciencia.br, no Instagram e no Facebook, basta procurar por Oxigênio Podcast. Se gostou deste episódio, indique para seus amigos e amigas. [VINHETA DE ENCERRAMENTO]    

Au Sénégal, l'entreprise agricole Swami Agri, filiale du groupe indien Senegindia, lance un emprunt obligataire vert de 30 milliards de francs CFA (FCFA) pour financer des chambres froides solaires et une centrale photovoltaïque. La nouveauté : c'est le premier Agri Green Bond émis sur le marché financier régional de l'Uemoa, un marché encore jeune et dominé par la dette publique. Signe que les acteurs privés commencent, eux aussi, à s'en emparer pour financer transition énergétique et autosuffisance alimentaire. De notre correspondante à Dakar, Les obligations vertes, green bonds, servent à financer des projets de développement durable et dans ce cas, il s'agit d'un Agri Green Bond : le groupe agro-industriel indo-sénégalais Swami Agri lève 30 milliards de FCFA pour acquérir cinq chambres froides solaires et une centrale photovoltaïque. Des investissements clés pour le secteur. « Lorsqu'on parle de souveraineté alimentaire, de sécurité alimentaire, le vrai problème qu'on a dans nos régions, c'est l'acheminement des récoltes pour aller faire la transformation, mais aussi le stockage. Et c'est ça qui va permettre de réduire ces flambées de prix, cette inflation », estime Ababacar Diaw, le directeur général d'Impaxis Securities, la banque d'affaires sénégalaise qui arrange l'opération. Swami Agri produit à lui seul 80 % des pommes de terre et 9 % des oignons consommés dans le pays, sur près de 3 700 hectares exploités. L'objectif est de limiter les pertes grâce à ces nouvelles infrastructures, avec un effet direct attendu sur les prix pour les consommateurs. « Ça va permettre de réduire d'au moins 50 % les pertes postrécolte et de réduire à hauteur de 20 à 30 % les émissions de CO2. C'est un investissement qui vient aussi modifier structurellement la chaîne de valeur agricole », se réjouit le directeur général. À lire aussiLe Maroc en route vers l'agroécologie « Le marché [financier] apparaît comme une alternative » Impaxis Securities avait déjà lancé des obligations vertes, avec l'émission de la Banque d'investissement et de développement de la Cédéao (BIDC) en 2024, pour un montant de 400 millions de dollars. Le potentiel est là pour d'autres entreprises agricoles de la région, et pour une diversification des produits financiers disponibles, assure Abdou Diaw, journaliste économique et enseignant au Cesti. « L'une des difficultés majeures évoquées par les acteurs du secteur de l'entrepreneuriat, ce sont les garanties que les banques exigent d'eux. L'accès est très difficile, les taux d'intérêt [très élevés]. Je pense que les marchés [financiers] apparaissent comme une alternative pour pouvoir faire face à ces difficultés liées à l'accès au financement. Ce n'est plus réservé vraiment aux États ou bien aux institutions financières », détaille-t-il. Reste la question du cadre légal qui encadre ces émissions. « Je pense qu'il y a beaucoup d'efforts à faire au plan de la réglementation, au plan de la sensibilisation, de la communication aussi envers les acteurs pour pouvoir comprendre comment fonctionnent ces instruments », poursuit Abdou Diaw. La période de souscription est ouverte du 30 juillet au 5 août. Sur le plan technique, l'opération fonctionne comme une obligation classique, avec un coupon assorti d'un taux d'intérêt. Les investisseurs attendus sont majoritairement régionaux : assureurs, caisses de retraite, institutionnels, entreprises à forte trésorerie, mais aussi particuliers. À lire aussiEn Afrique de l'Ouest, les institutions financières se mobilisent pour développer l'immobilier

Well guys, it's been a heck of a week - apologies for getting this out somewhat late, my brain is *egg of frying pan sound.* I know you all can understand. Be prepared! I learn some neuroscience and immunology today because it's a ~fully body~ Schauer this week, ayo! I'd like to thank my parents for bestowing me with a last name rife with self-branding related puns. I appreciate you all! Chat next week! Books: A Silent Fire: The Story of Inflammation, Diet & Disease - Shilpa Ravella (Transplant Gastroenterologist) Most Delicious Poison: The Story of Nature's Toxins - from Spices to Vices - Noah Whiteman (Evolutionary Biologist) The Human Brain Book: A Visual Guide to Structure & Function - Rita Carter (Science & Medicine Writer) Behave: The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst - Robert M. Sapolsky (Neuroscientist & Primatologist) Why We Sleep: Unlocking the Power of Sleep and Dreams - Matthew Walker, PhD (Prof. of Neuroscience & Psychology) An Elegant Defense: The Extraordinary New Science of the Immune System - Matt Richtel (Pulitzer Prize Winning Writer for NYT) Organ Speak: What It Really Means to Listen to Our Bodies - Guilia Enders (Physician, Microbiologist, Author) The Mind-Gut Connection: How the Hidden Conversations Within Our Bodies Impact Our Mood, Our Choices, and Our Overall Health - Emeran Mayer, MD (Gastroenterologist & Educator)  Clean: The New Science of Skin and the Beauty of Doing Less - James Hamblin, MD, MPH (Preventative Medicine Specialist) Believe it or not, I got most of my soap information from this book (I also used the ‘Natural saponins' link below) - it's mainly about hygiene and the cosmetic industry ripping everyone off but it did also teach me how to make soap.  Also, most of the sources from this episode are from the books I've read over the years, if there's information you can't find linked below, it has come from a book listed above. I put everyone's occupations to narrow down what book it's likely from.  Online Sources: Good News - Attorney General James Sues Some of Nation's Largest Chemical Companies Over Toxic Pollution from Consumer Products https://ag.ny.gov/press-release/2026/attorney-general-james-sues-some-nations-largest-chemical-companies-over-toxic Researchers discover the eye's hidden cleanup system https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-07-eye-hidden-cleanup.html Macrophages in the artery wall ‘smell' their surroundings https://www.lji.org/news-events/news/post/macrophages-in-the-artery-wall-smell-their-surroundings/ Cells That ‘Taste' Danger Set Off Immune Responses https://www.quantamagazine.org/tuft-cells-that-taste-danger-set-off-immune-responses-20191115/ Natural saponins and macrophage polarization: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic perspectives in disease management https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1584035/full Inflammation Forces Brain Stem Cells to Halt Neurogenesis https://neurosciencenews.com/inflammation-neurogenesis-31011/ Inhaling high-dose CO2 clears Alzheimer's proteins from the brain https://www.newscientist.com/article/2580471-inhaling-high-dose-co2-clears-alzheimers-proteins-from-the-brain/ Genetic variation across the human olfactory receptor repertoire alters odor perception https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1804106115  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database https://ctdbase.org/ This is just the think to the genetics database I've been using, for all the genes I mention just type them into the search and *voila*  Free Newspaper Archive: UCR | California Digital Newspaper Collection  https://cdnc.ucr.edu/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Il roule vers la Vendée un soir de Noël, coincé sur l'A10. Un TGV le double. Il sait qu'il est complet, il a essayé d'y acheter une place. Autour de lui, des centaines de voitures avec un seul passager à bord.Frédéric Mazzella est le fondateur et président de BlaBlaCar. Normalien, physicien, passé par Stanford et la NASA, il a créé la première licorne française et l'a transformée en la plus grande communauté de voyageurs au monde : 100 millions de membres, 29 millions de membres actifs par an, et désormais 41 pays depuis l'expansion annoncée en juin 2026. Avant cela, il y a eu sept ans sans salaire, six modèles économiques testés dont cinq qui échouent, et six banques qui refusent de lui ouvrir un compte. L'une d'elles le raccompagne à la porte avec une tape sur l'épaule : « Merci monsieur, mais Internet, on a déjà donné. » Il est aujourd'hui cofondateur et président de Dift, qui redirige les budgets des entreprises vers le monde associatif, et coprésident de France Digitale.Ce qui m'a le plus frappé, c'est la constance de sa boussole. Il m'a dit que le rôle de l'entrepreneur est d'améliorer la société, et chez lui ce n'est pas une déclaration d'intention, c'est un bilan chiffré : BlaBlaCar évite aujourd'hui 2,5 millions de tonnes de CO2 par an, soit environ 0,5 % des émissions d'un pays comme la France, deux fois le trafic routier de Paris. Puis il a recommencé ailleurs, avec Dift, sur le financement du monde associatif. Et quand je lui demande par quoi commencer, il inverse l'ordre qu'on nous enseigne : l'impact social et environnemental d'abord, le modèle économique ensuite. Parce que des modèles, dit-il, il en existe des dizaines et des dizaines.Dans cette conversation, nous explorons :→ Pourquoi il faut se focaliser sur l'impact social et environnemental positif d'abord, et ne chercher le modèle économique qu'ensuite→ BlaBlaCar par les chiffres du climat : 2,5 millions de tonnes de CO2 évitées par an, et l'idée toute simple derrière, mieux vaut deux passagers par voiture que deux voitures par passager→ Le modèle D.R.E.A.M.S. et l'étude *Entering the Trust Age* menée avec Arun Sundararajan (NYU Stern) auprès de 18 289 membres dans 11 pays : un membre BlaBlaCar au profil complet obtient 88 % de confiance, contre 58 % pour un collègue et 42 % pour un voisin→ Pourquoi l'entrepreneuriat n'a pas d'ascenseurs, seulement des escaliers, et pourquoi seules les structures qui ont assimilé le sunk cost progressent vraiment→ Ce que la musique lui a appris : la différence entre jouer du Chopin et jouer son propre morceau, et pourquoi un fondateur n'arrive pas à tuer sa propre idée→ Le jour où la directrice de Normale Sup a accueilli sa promotion par « vous savez remplir un QCM », et pourquoi tout a basculé→ Dift, l'éco-anxiété et le financement du monde associatif : écoper, ou boucher le trou, avec neuf modèles économiques déjà testés en trois ans→ Des principes plutôt que des process : fail, learn, succeed, et pourquoi une culture qui ne blâme pas l'échec libère l'action« Il faut se focaliser sur l'impact social et environnemental positif initialement, et puis ensuite on trouvera le modèle ou l'équilibre économique. »Frédéric Mazzella, fondateur et président de BlaBlaCarSi vous portez un projet dont la mission vous tient debout mais dont le modèle économique n'existe pas encore, cet épisode vous dira dans quel ordre construire.

Estamos haciendo todo lo contario a lo que tenía que ser el combate contra el cambio climático. Más allá de las emisiones de CO2, se podían hacer muchas más cosas. Tendremos que aplicar técnicas de hace 1.000 y 2.000 años respecto a la generación de microclimas, sombras y edificaciones.

In this solo episode of Inside Winemaking, Jim tackles one of the questions he gets most often: how to manage empty barrels. Working through the full lifecycle of a barrel, Jim covers receiving and inspecting new barrels on arrival, keeping them hydrated before harvest (his go-to: shrink-wrap them tight and lock the moisture in), and recovering barrels that have dried out. He walks through swelling and leak-testing before filling, the realities of finding and repairing leaks with spiles, and smart practices for stacking, filling, and leaving proper ullage for young wines still off-gassing CO2. From there, Jim gets into cleaning and sanitizing — why an immediate rinse matters, where he lands on tartrates, and his candid take on the trade-offs between burning sulfur, SO2 gas, ozone, and steam. He closes with short-, medium-, and long-term storage strategies, how often to recharge sulfur based on cellar conditions, and how to tell when a barrel is truly done. Practical, opinionated, and grounded in real cellar experience, this episode is a field guide for anyone trying to keep their empty barrels healthy between fills.   This podcast is sponsored by InnoVint. Wineries of all sizes rely on InnoVint's winery operating system to optimize vineyard tracking, manage wine production processes, automate compliance reporting, track costs seamlessly, and make data-driven decisions. The best part? The software is intuitive, easy to use, and mobile and offline friendly! And with the highest-rated customer service in the industry, you're guaranteed to have a smooth transition, even right before harvest. Learn more: innovint.us Get a demo: innovint.us/request-a-demo/ Join our free winemaking community: innovint.us/join-the-punchdown/

Ron Clutz summarizes themes from his “Science Matters” blog, framing climate change as three linked claims: humans warm the Earth, the warming is dangerous, and government can stop it. He argues climate sensitivity estimates are declining and models overpredict warming, citing comparisons of model outputs to observations, weak long-term temperature correlation with fossil fuel use, and claims that storms, wildfires, sea level rise, Arctic ice, and drought trends are not worsening as asserted. He criticizes “reductionism” to CO2 and radiative forcing, emphasizing water vapor, convection, and hydrology, plus solar/cloud and ocean-cycle influences (ENSO/PDO/AMO). He also questions adjusted temperature records and UN policy effectiveness.00:00 Meet Ron Clutz01:13 Climate Change Three Claims05:18 Is Warming Dangerous10:17 Can Government Stop It12:23 Reductionism In Climate Science17:32 Greenhouse Physics And Water Vapor23:10 CO2 Sources And Temperature Lag25:26 Complexity And Data Adjustments33:29 Extreme Events And Attribution35:53 Model Failures And Scenarios42:10 Testing Greenhouse Theory51:02 Sunshine Clouds And Solar Cycles55:19 Oceans Drive Climate Cycles01:02:24 Hydrology And Closing Thoughts01:04:17 Wrap Up And Next Sessionhttps://rclutz.com/=========Slides, summaries, references, and transcripts of my podcasts: https://tomn.substack.com/p/podcast-summariesMy Linktree: https://linktr.ee/tomanelson1

For a week straight, Andrew watched his own sky turn orange outside Toronto as smoke from nearly 900 wildfires burning across Canada, most of them following the boreal forest from the east coast to Northwestern Ontario, drifted south into the US and back again. He walks through what actually happened on the ground: which towns and First Nations were evacuated, how bad the air quality got (Toronto briefly had the worst AQI in the world), and why northwestern Ontario, not a hugely populated area but home to vulnerable First Nations communities, bore the brunt of it. Then he digs into why this keeps happening. Most of Ontario's fires this season were sparked by lightning, not arson, despite conspiracy theories claiming otherwise (arson accounts for well under a quarter of cases). An active El Nino is drying things out further, and climate change is intensifying the underlying heat and dryness that let these fires spread. Andrew also connects the dots to the ocean directly: the boreal forest is one of the planet's biggest carbon sinks, and when it burns that stored carbon heads into the atmosphere, where roughly a quarter of it eventually gets absorbed by the ocean, driving further acidification. The back half of the episode gets political. Ontario slashed its emergency firefighting budget from $271 million spent in 2025-26 down to $150 million budgeted for 2026-27, even as Premier Doug Ford defends the province's readiness. Meanwhile, US President Trump and several senators have floated tariffs and sanctions against Canada over the smoke, a move Andrew calls scientifically and diplomatically backwards given how often Canada and the US send firefighters and equipment across the border to help each other. He closes with concrete steps listeners can take, from checking air quality indexes to contacting elected officials about wildfire funding. Takeaways From the Episode Nearly 900 wildfires were burning across Canada as of July 16, most following the boreal forest belt into Northwestern Ontario. Vulnerable First Nations communities and small towns bore the brunt of evacuations, some residents had to self-evacuate by boat or air with little warning. Most fires were lightning-caused, not arson, arson accounts for well under a quarter of cases despite online conspiracy theories. Burning boreal forest releases stored carbon into the atmosphere, and roughly a quarter of human-caused CO2 emissions get absorbed by the ocean, tying wildfires directly to ocean acidification. Ontario cut its baseline emergency firefighting budget from $271 million spent to $150 million budgeted for the coming year, a proactive-versus-reactive funding problem. US tariffs and sanctions threats against Canada over the smoke ignore how often the two countries help each other fight fires, including the loss of a Canadian firefighter in Colorado this year. Individual actions still matter: check air quality indexes before extended time outdoors, follow evacuation orders immediately if you're in a fire zone, keep a 72-hour go bag ready, and contact your elected officials if wildfire underfunding frustrates you. Support Independent Podcasts: https://www.speakupforblue.com/patreon Need help with your ocean non-profit, company, or project? Get the help you need with Pisces Oceans Inc.: https://www.piscesoceans.ca Connect with Speak Up For Blue Website: https://bit.ly/3fOF3Wf Instagram: https://bit.ly/3rIaJSG TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@speakupforblue Twitter: https://bit.ly/3rHZxpc YouTube: www.speakupforblue.com/youtube  

No episódio desta semana do CO2, Brunão e Baconzitos trazem um mergulho completo nas séries Disney+ que estão dominando o streaming! Descubra todos os lançamentos Disney+ mais aguardados, saiba quais séries Disney+ estão fazendo sucesso entre os fãs e receba recomendações imperdíveis para atualizar sua lista. Além disso, fique por dentro do campeonato de Yu-Gi-Oh que virou notícia e está agitando o universo geek. O episódio também apresenta o Top 5 Bilheteria, novidades de cinema e dicas especiais para curtir na Netflix, HBO Max, Prime Video e Apple TV. Entre notícias curiosas, como os pardais na Islância e a cobra no sutiã, não falta diversão! E claro, tem a tradicional leitura de e-mails e comentários dos ouvintes dos podcasts QueIssoAssim, CO2 e Reflix. Ouça agora e fique por dentro dos melhores lançamentos da semana, o que vem por aí.

Reaching carbon net zero by 2050 is one of the main objectives in the struggle against global warming. It's also part of the Green New Deal the EU agreed upon in 2019. Since the start of 2022, many figures in agriculture have been pushing for a carbon farming policy which would see farmers rewarded for their efforts in sequestering carbon. It's about using agricultural fields to store CO2 in the ground. Plants first absorb it from the air through a process called photosynthesis. Then their roots and other parts decompose, being converted into soil carbon by microbes. Soil is in fact the second largest form of carbon sink on Earth, after the oceans and ahead of forests. The aim is to sequester carbon more quickly. That leads to a greater organic content in the ground, allowing for better water retention and a reduction in the use of fertilizers. How does carbon farming work?Why is agriculture in particular concerned by the net zero target? What is expected at a European level? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the latest episodes, click here: ⁠Could Mastodon replace Twitter?⁠ ⁠Why do crowd crushes happen?⁠ ⁠Is Britain the new place to get your wine?⁠ A Bababam Originals podcast, written and produced by Joseph Chance. First Broadcast: 1/12/2022 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Le verre a beau jouer la transparence, il garde un talon d'Achille : recyclable à 100 % et à l'infini, il naît pourtant dans des fours au gaz chauffés à 1 500 degrés, qui concentrent à eux seuls 72 % des émissions de CO2 du secteur. Comment décarboner une industrie née il y a deux siècles ?Dans cet épisode, Samuel Hotte, directeur des achats de Verallia France, raconte comment le 3ème producteur mondial d'emballages en verre, lancé en 1827 dans la verrerie de Vauxrot dans l'Aisne, s'est fixé un cap : la neutralité carbone d'ici 2040. Au programme : le calcin, un verre recyclé réintroduit dans les fours, et surtout une première mondiale : une usine qui exploite le premier four 100 % électrique au monde à produire des bouteilles. À ses côtés, Claire Merveille, responsable grands comptes chez EDF, dévoile les coulisses de cette électrification : contrat nucléaire de 10 ans, subventions, raccordements et investissements massifs.Un épisode passionnant à écouter dans Cap Electrification, le podcast hors-série de La Story proposé par EDF. Journaliste César MonteyrolRéalisation et prise de son : Rudy Tolila et Killian Martin DaoudalProduction : Marie Corpet et Jean-Baptiste Rochelet pour OneTwo OneTwo Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Anna Schubert ist Tierrechts-Aktivistin. Im Mai 2024 ist sie für eine Recherche in einen Schlachthof eingebrochen und hat eine Kamera an einem Pater Noster installiert. Dieser transportiert Schweine vor der Schlachtung in einen Schacht, in den CO2 einströmt. Die Betäubung mit CO2 ist in Deutschland gängige Praxis: 35 Millionen Tiere pro Jahr werden so betäubt und anschließend getötet. Die Aufnahmen verbreitet sie im Anschluss im Internet, um über das aufzuklären, was in Deutschland ganz legal jeden Tag praktiziert wird. Richtig viel Aufmerksamkeit bekommen die Aufnahmen aber erst, als der Schlachthof Anna Schubert und Hendrik Haßel verklagt, weil ihm durch die Verbreitung der Aufnahmen Schäden entstanden seien. Der „Schlachthof Prozess“ ist seitdem in allen Medien. Wie es für Anna und Hendrik weitergeht und warum sie ihr Ziel trotz der Zivilklage und dem Strafprozess, der noch auf sie zukommt erreicht haben, das erzählt Anna in dieser Folge von Fairquatscht. Mehr Infos zum Prozess findet ihr hier: https://schlachthofprozess.org Die Energiewende-News werden von Polarstern Energie präsentiert. Polarstern ist ein echter Ökoenergieanbieter, der sich als Sozialunternehmen glaubhaft für eine bessere Wirtschaft einsetzt. Mit meinem Code "marisa20" spart ihr 20 Euro auf eure erste Jahresrechnung, wenn ihr zu Polarstern wechselt. Mehr Infos gibt es hier: https://www.polarstern-energie.de/?utm_source=mysustainableme-podcast&utm_medium=audio&utm_campaign=podcast-mysustainableme-Juni

En Cinco Continentes entrevistamos al periodista Jimmy Burns Marañón para conocer los retos del nuevo primer ministro británico, Andy Burnham. También tenemos tiempo para charlar con el catedrático Juan Luis Manfredi sobre las elecciones de medio mandato en Estados Unidos. María Eulate resume las últimas horas de ataques entre Estados Unidos e Irán en el estrecho de Ormuz. Jordi Barcia nos cuenta desde Roma el choque institucional entre presidencia de la República y la primera ministra Meloni a causa de un indulto. Desde Berlín, Beatriz Domínguez nos explica cómo ha ido el consejo de ministros franco-alemán, mientras que David Vidueiro desde Bruselas nos aclara la nueva postura de la Comisión Europea sobre las emisiones de CO2. Nuestro compañero de Hora América, Alberto Ortiz, ha resumido la importancia de la nueva interlocutora política en Venezuela, Dinorah Figuera. Por último, Beatriz Viaño ha recopilado la última hora del seísmo de magnitud 7,4 en una zona cercana a la frontera de México y Guatemala.Escuchar audio

This is part 3 of our three-part series about elements. And today is a biggie: carbon. When we hear about carbon, it's usually about its role in heating up the planet. And while that's an absolutely critical part of the story, the story of this most miraculous of substances is so much larger.We talk to Peter Brannen, author of The Story of CO2 is the Story of Everything, about how carbon has always been central to just about every major turning point in the history of life on Earth...including why life is here in the first place.---This episode is hosted by Executive Producer Carlyle Calhoun. Editing help from Eva Tesfaye and Jack Rodolico. Our theme music is by Jon Batiste, and our sound design by Dennis Funk.Sea Change is a WWNO and WRKF production. We are part of the NPR Podcast Network and distributed by PRX. Sea Change is made possible with major support from the Gulf Research Program of the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. WWNO's Coastal Desk is supported by the Walton Family Foundation, the Meraux Foundation, and the Greater New Orleans Foundation.

Fliegen ist schlecht für das Klima – aber nicht nur CO2 ist dabei ein Problem. Mindestens genauso schädlich sind der Wissenschaft zufolge die Kondensstreifen. Sie können bis zu 24 Stunden am Himmel bleiben und den Treibhauseffekt verstärken. Judith Kösters aus der ARD-Klimaredaktion erzählt in dieser 11KM-Folge, wie Kondensstreifen durch Flugverkehr genau entstehen und wie man mit leichten Anpassungen extrem viel fürs Klima tun könnte. Warum passiert trotzdem nicht viel bei den Airlines? Diese Folge ist ein 11KM Classic und lief zum ersten Mal am 13.04.2026. Hier geht's zur ARD Klima Update-Folge “Kondensstreifen: Umweg fliegen, Klima schützen” von Judith Kösters: https://www.ardsounds.de/episode/urn:ard:episode:1256f7c587332133/ Hier geht's zur früheren 11KM-Folge „Deutscher Klimafonds: Viel Geld, wenig Klimaschutz? “: https://1.ard.de/11KM_Klimafonds Diese und viele weitere Folgen von 11KM findet ihr überall da, wo es Podcasts gibt, auch hier in ARD Sounds: https://www.ardsounds.de/sendung/11km-der-tagesschau-podcast/urn:ard:show:4549910994dc2464/ An dieser Folge waren beteiligt: Folgenautorin: Axinja Weyrauch Mitarbeit: Sebastian Schwarzenböck, Marc Hoffmann Host: Elena Kuch Produktion: Laura Picerno, Christine Frey, Lorenz Kersten und Hanna Brünjes Planung: Nicole Dienemann und Hardy Funk Distribution: Kerstin Ammermann Redaktionsleitung: Yasemin Yüksel und Fumiko Lipp 11KM: der tagesschau-Podcast wird produziert von BR24 und NDR Info. Die redaktionelle Verantwortung für diese Episode liegt beim BR.

La Commission européenne présente vendredi 17 juillet une réforme très attendue du marché carbone européen. Un dispositif qui influence à la fois le coût de l'énergie pour les industriels, leurs investissements et la stratégie climatique de l'Union européenne. Mais alors que le prix du carbone a fortement augmenté ces dernières années, Bruxelles doit désormais trouver le bon équilibre entre décarbonation et compétitivité industrielle. Le marché carbone européen repose sur un principe finalement assez simple. Plutôt que d'imposer les mêmes règles à toutes les entreprises, Bruxelles fixe un plafond global d'émissions de CO₂ pour les secteurs les plus polluants, comme les centrales électriques, les cimenteries, les aciéries, les raffineries ou encore l'industrie chimique. L'Union européenne distribue ensuite ou met aux enchères des quotas d'émission. Concrètement, un quota correspond au droit d'émettre une tonne de CO₂. C'est là que le marché entre en jeu. Chaque entreprise doit restituer autant de quotas que de tonnes de CO₂ qu'elle a effectivement émises. Si elle pollue davantage que prévu, elle doit acheter des quotas supplémentaires. À l'inverse, si elle réduit ses émissions, elle peut revendre les quotas dont elle n'a plus besoin. Le prix du carbone évolue ainsi en fonction de l'offre et de la demande. Plus les quotas deviennent rares, plus leur prix augmente. L'objectif est de rendre progressivement la pollution plus coûteuse afin d'inciter les entreprises à investir dans des technologies moins émettrices plutôt que de continuer à payer pour leurs émissions. Cette logique a produit des résultats. Les quotas sont devenus plus rares afin d'encourager les groupes à réduire leurs émissions, et les émissions des secteurs concernés ont été divisées par deux depuis 2005. Mais cette réussite a aussi une conséquence : le prix des quotas carbone a fortement augmenté. À lire aussiComment expliquer les difficultés de l'industrie européenne? Pourquoi le marché carbone est-il aujourd'hui contesté ? C'est tout le paradoxe du système. Un prix du carbone élevé est une bonne nouvelle pour le climat, mais il représente également un coût supplémentaire pour les industriels. Aujourd'hui, la tonne de CO2 s'échange autour de 70 euros. Pour certaines entreprises, cela représente plusieurs centaines de millions d'euros de dépenses supplémentaires chaque année. Or ces industriels sont déjà confrontés à de nombreuses difficultés. Ils paient une énergie plus chère qu'aux États-Unis, font face à une concurrence chinoise particulièrement agressive et doivent investir des sommes considérables pour décarboner leurs usines. Résultat : de nombreux acteurs économiques estiment que le marché carbone est devenu trop exigeant. Ils ne remettent pas forcément en cause son principe, mais demandent davantage de temps pour s'adapter aux nouvelles contraintes. Une réforme sous haute tension entre climat et compétitivité C'est précisément pour répondre à ces inquiétudes que la Commission européenne présente une réforme du marché carbone. L'objectif n'est pas de supprimer ce mécanisme, qui reste le principal outil climatique de l'Union européenne, mais de réfléchir à plusieurs ajustements. Sur ces évolutions, les États membres sont loin d'être unanimes. Les pays du sud et de l'est de l'Europe, comme l'Italie ou la Pologne, réclament un assouplissement important afin de soutenir leur industrie. À l'inverse, les pays nordiques ou encore l'Espagne craignent qu'un recul ne ralentisse la transition écologique. Quant à la France et à l'Allemagne, elles défendent une position plus nuancée : préserver le marché carbone tout en lui apportant davantage de flexibilité pour tenir compte des difficultés économiques actuelles. Au fond, la question est simple : comment continuer à faire payer le carbone pour accélérer la transition écologique sans pousser les industriels à produire ailleurs ? C'est tout l'enjeu de la réforme que présente la Commission européenne.

In this episode of Hope Natural Health, we dive deep into the unseen upstream layer of health that most wellness conversations completely miss: Oxygen. We are joined by Randall Chestnut, an oxygen scientist, educator, and the founder of O2 Pro Academy, who specializes in translating complex molecular science into actionable health insights. Randall challenges the current wellness paradigm that focuses heavily on supplements, nutrition, and hormones while ignoring how our body actually delivers and utilizes oxygen at a cellular level.   In this episode, you will learn: Why high blood oxygen readings don't guarantee your cells are actually absorbing it. How carbon dioxide acts as the key to releasing oxygen into your tissues, and why low CO2 tolerance drains your energy. How oxygen deficiency directly impacts estrogen production and why progesterone triggers over-breathing during your luteal phase. Why mental rumination physically exhausts you by consuming massive amounts of brain oxygen. A simple, free at-home test to measure your body's oxygen efficiency. How breathing through your nose regulates stress and produces crucial nitric oxide, while mouth breathing signals systemic dysfunction.   Connect with Randall: Website: o2andyou.com / o2proacademy.com Free Resource: Test your baseline at myboltscore.com   For more on Dr. Erin: Join The Hope Circle Community: https://hormonehealingproject.drerinellis.com/communities/groups/the-hope-circle/home?invite=69120d498b7e3f60397656b8 Work with Dr. Erin here: https://p.bttr.to/3E88ps4 Buy Dr. Erin's Supplements here: https://drerinellis.com/shop Get the Period Productivity Planner here: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0BBYBRT5Q?ref_=pe_3052080_397514860 Download the FREE Menstrual Cycle Nutrition Guide here: https://detox.drerinellis.com/ Watch The Free Video "7 Hormones Affecting Your Weight Loss Goals" here: https://weightloss.drerinellis.com/ Let's Be Friends: Follow Dr. Erin on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dr.erinellis/ Follow Dr. Erin on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/drerinellisnmd Follow Dr. Erin on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@dr.erinellis?lang=en Join the Free Hope Circle Community: https://hormonehealingproject.drerinellis.com/communities/groups/the-hope-circle/home?invite=69120d498b7e3f60397656b8 Bookmark Dr. Erin's Website: www.drerinellis.com Subscribe to Hope Natural Health on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChHYVmNEu5tKu91EATHhEiA Follow Hope Natural Health on FB: https://www.facebook.com/hopenaturalhealth Sign up for Newsletters here: https://booking.hopenaturalhealth.com/widget/form/VUubL7MNYELduwQL8ssI

Le sujet :Longtemps considéré comme un actif "de notaire", l'investissement forestier est devenu un placement qui a de plus en plus de sens. Avec un objectif de rendement net de 6 à 9%, la restauration de forêts dégradées permettrait de tripler les standards historiques du secteur. Cette nouvelle économie repose sur l'appréciation du foncier, l'augmentation du prix du bois qui a doublé en dix ans, et surtout la valorisation des crédits carbone.L'invité du jour :Erwan Le Méné est co-fondateur d'EcoTree. Au micro de Matthieu Stefani, il détaille la nouvelle économie de la forêt et comment une approche "value-add" sur des massifs dégradés permet d'optimiser le rendement financier tout en générant des bénéfices écologiques.Découvrez :Le capital naturel : la seule classe d'actifs aujourd'hui sous-cotée ?La stratégie "value-add" : acheter 7 000€ un hectare qui en vaudra 20 000€Le montage holding-filiale pour auto-financer ses propres crédits carboneUn hectare de forêt peut générer jusqu'à 9 000€ de crédits carbonePourquoi la tonne de CO2 pourrait passer de 45€ à 300€ d'ici 2050L'unique risque non-assurable qui représente 90% des problèmesChapitres :00:00:00 : Le prix du bois a doublé en 10 ans : une mégatendance ?00:07:35 : La sélection naturelle dans les forêts00:10:12 : La nouvelle économie de la forêt00:16:02 : Une énorme anomalie de marché sur le foncier00:23:23 : Le hack financier ultime qu'utilisent les entrepreneurs avec les forêts00:34:37 : La méthode value add : retaper des forêts00:44:10 : Explication des charges et des frais liés à la méthode value add00:55:05 : En cas de virage politique… qu'est-ce qu'il se passe ?Merci à notre partenaire Fundora de soutenir la Martingale.Allez sur fundora.fr et prenez le contrôle de vos investissements.Fundora est une plateforme d'investissement. La valeur de vos placements peut augmenter ou diminuer. Votre capital est assujetti à un risque.La libre antenne de votre podcast préféré, Allo La Martingale, a désormais son propre flux ! Abonnez-vous sur Spotify, Apple Podcasts ou votre plafeforme audio favorite pour ne manquer aucun nouvel épisode. Pour s'abonner à la newsletter, c'est ici : https://lamartingale.io/ La Martingale, c'est aussi un assistant IA qui vous apporte des réponses éclairées issues des interventions des experts passés au micro du podcast. Pour tester, direction https://beta.lamartingale.ioLa Martingale est un média d'Orso Media. Vous souhaitez entrer en contact avec a rédaction ? Ou nous soumettre une collaboration ? Ecrivez-nous ici : https://orsomedia.io/contactHébergé par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Learn more about Refrigeration Mentor Customized Technical Training Programs at www.refrigerationmentor.com/courses Join the Refrigeration Mentor Hub here This episode is a replay of a recent Refrigeration Mentor Community Meetup where we helped fellow techs with some technical CO2 refrigeration troubleshooting. The live group discussed a problematic CO2 store with high superheat, recurring low-temp oil issues, phase-loss/current-imbalance alarm and others. You'll hear solutions, tips and advice from the fellow techs on the call, including Mikaela Law, Patrick Gregory, Andrew Freeburg, Billy Carlson, Noah Walker, and others. Interested in joining the next meetup? Click here and join our FREE Refrigeration Mentor Hub. In this episode, we cover: (01:39) High Superheat and Injection (03:20) Liquid Line Drop and Flashing (05:14) Pulse Valve Orifice Fix (08:10) Oil Logging (14:41) Pressure Differential and Port Sizing (19:34) HP Valve Failure (23:46) Ice Cream Frost Airflow Hack (26:44) Designing a Custom Divider Prototype (28:39) Selling Value to Customers (32:54) VFD Phase Loss Troubleshooting (35:37) Drive vs Compressor Diagnosis (38:46) Bypass Tests and Amp Imbalance (40:08) Using Bitzer Software Helpful Links & Resources: Episode 378. Field Stories: Compressor Failure, Case Freeze-Up Troubleshooting, and Electrical Safety Episode 360. Get Curious on Service Calls (For Faster Troubleshooting) Episode 382. Why Techs Get Stumped on Supermarket Racks (How To Fix It)

Cliff Eveland from the Petaluma Music Festival and Alex Mendoza from Hiveworks Mead join Herlinda and Daedalus on Brew Ha Ha. Alex has been on Brew Ha Ha before, the last time was this episode on January 3, 2025, when he was here with his colleague Sean Duckworth. Herlinda’s father is also in the studio today. ProChiller is a new sponsor of Brew Ha Ha. It is a refrigeration system that uses Co2 instead of other refrigerants. They were on Brew Ha Ha on this recent show. They are making a presentation on July 22 at Hanabi Lager. Check out ProChiller.com for all the info.  Alex Mendoza tells how he discovered mead and Cliff Eveland tells about the Petaluma Music Festival. Alex grew up on a ranch in Sonoma County with a lot of fruit trees which means there were bees around. He knew about mead and since Sonoma County is the hub for craft brewing and winemaking, he experimented with fermentation and liked the results. •-• •-• -••• -•-•Visit Russian River Brewing Co. in Santa Rosa on 4th St. and at their big Windsor location. Check out their website and socials for up-to-date hours, menus, beers and more.•-• •-• -••• -•-• The Petaluma Music Festival The Petaluma Music Festival is a fund raiser for music in schools. Cliff Eveland is also a band teacher. He organizes the concert with a lineup of great musicians. Find the list of artists right here at the Petaluma Music Festival website. Herlinda will be organizing a Craft Beverage Tasting, to include brews other than beer, such as mead. Father’s Brewing will be there along with a full Tiki bar from Squeaky Little Beverages, another wine bar, and more. The booth will be decorated Tiki style. Lagunitas and Old Caz Beer are big sponsors too. Fathers Brewing was on Brew Ha Ha on this episode last February. Old Caz Beer has been featured many times as well, their last time was this episode, also last February. Mead is one of the oldest forms of alcohol that people have made. Mead is made primarily from honey. There are different styles of mead. Some are thick and sweet. Hiveworks Mead style is light, dry and refreshing. The only ingredients are honey and water. It is lightly carbonated. 

In 1978, an Exxon scientist asked a question in capital letters: were the oceans dissolving coral reefs? By 1982, Exxon's own scientists had the answer, in writing. So did Shell by 1986. This episode traces a newly published Oxford University study that dug through more than fourteen thousand pages of fossil fuel industry documents and found that the world's biggest oil and gas companies understood, decades before the public did, exactly how their product would wreck coral reefs. We walk through what the industry knew and when, how a funded think tank report in 2012 was built to look like an official government climate assessment while contradicting the industry's own internal science, and where coral reefs stand today after the largest global bleaching event ever recorded. Along the way, we cover the coral chemistry that makes reefs vulnerable to rising CO2, the internal Exxon and Shell documents at the center of the Oxford study, and how this paper trail is now showing up as evidence in real courtrooms, including a landmark January 2026 ruling in The Hague. This isn't a story to leave you paralyzed. It closes with four concrete actions you can take this week, from sharing what you now know to pushing the emissions lever that actually moves the needle. If you care about coral reefs, or you just want the receipts on one of the biggest corporate cover-ups tied to the ocean, this episode is for you. Support Independent Podcasts: https://www.speakupforblue.com/patreon Need help with your ocean non-profit, company, or project? Get the help you need with Pisces Oceans Inc.: https://www.piscesoceans.ca Connect with Speak Up For Blue Website: https://bit.ly/3fOF3Wf Instagram: https://bit.ly/3rIaJSG TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@speakupforblue Twitter: https://bit.ly/3rHZxpc YouTube: www.speakupforblue.com/youtube  

What a great show we have for you all this week! Billie Marten is a brilliant young singer-songwriter from England who began her career at the age of 15. And from Portland, Oregon, we welcome Dean Johnson, a fresh new voice in a bit of an older skin. Dean didn't begin his music career until he was in his fifties. eTown host Nick Forster also has a chat with meteorologist and former Denver TV weatherman, Mike Nelson, about his book, The World's Littlest Book on Climate: 10 Facts in 10 Minutes about CO2. That's all this week on eTown! Visit our Youtube Channel to see artist interviews, live recordings, studio sessions, and more! Be a part of the audience at our next recording: https://www.etown.org/etown-hall/all-events/ Your support helps us bring concerts, tapings and conversations to audiences while fostering connection through music, ideas and community. If you'd like to support eTown's mission to educate, entertain and inspire a diverse audience through music and conversation, please consider a donation: https://www.etown.org/get-involved/donate-orig/.  

The city of Denver's new climate campaign, the One Effect, is making waves, but is it really making a difference? This episode delves into the campaign's tactics and the city's approach to addressing climate change, but what's behind the scenes? The speaker takes a closer look at the campaign's funding, its impact on the city's residents, and the real reasons behind the city's actions.The One Effect campaign encourages residents to take small actions to reduce their carbon footprint, but is it enough? The speaker questions the campaign's effectiveness in reducing CO2 emissions and points out that the city's actual progress in reducing emissions comes from larger-scale changes, such as replacing coal-fired power plants with natural gas plants. The speaker also critiques the campaign's reliance on voluntary actions, suggesting that it's a way to soften up residents for future mandates.The city's approach to climate change is also put under the microscope, with the speaker highlighting the disconnect between the city's actions and its rhetoric. The city's leaders are spending millions on a campaign that makes puns on the word "doom," while ignoring more effective solutions, such as building nuclear power plants or fixing the permitting process for transmission lines. The speaker argues that the city's actions are more about shaping residents' behavior than actually addressing the climate crisis.To understand the complexities of the One Effect campaign and the city's approach to climate change, tune in to this episode to hear the speaker's in-depth analysis and insights.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

#388: Alizée Wyckmans is the COO at Le Botaniste, the organic, plant-based, carbon-neutral restaurant and wine bar that opened its first location in Ghent, Belgium, in 2015 and now operates across Belgium and New York City.Alizée has been part of Le Botaniste's growth for years, moving through roles including Brand and Sustainability Manager and Brand Director before stepping into her current Chief of Staff position. A graduate of the Institute of Culinary Education, she brings together a background in food, brand-building, and sustainability strategy; helping steer a company that was among the first restaurants to achieve CO2-neutral certification and that plants its own forest to offset its footprint.What you'll learn:How to trust your own life journey, even when moments feel uncertainThe art of intuition and signals that you may have met your life partnerPower of choosing the right partner to build a life with and how it impacts your life in the long runThe business and philosophy behind Le Botaniste and where to find the locationsCost of taking time off of your career when having children and how to be strategic about what decision is best for you and your familyHonest truth about "balance" of motherhood, personal life, and careerBILT Credit Card Info (Pay Rent and Earn Points):https://bilt.page/r/HQ06-ZV7OReceive weekly personal insights from Emily's email newsletter and subscribe hereWatch Full Episodes on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@whatfulfillsyou/videosENJOY 10% OFF THE WHAT FULFILLS YOU? CARD GAME AT www.whatfulfillsyou.com - code "WHATFULFILLSYOU10"Follow Le Botaniste on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/le_botanisteFollow the What Fulfills You? Podcast Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/whatfulfillsyouFollow Emily Elizabeth's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/emilyeduong/Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

The Mediterranean Sea accounts for less than 1% of the world's ocean surface water, but it contains roughly 18% of global marine biodiversity. It is home to 150 million people along its coastline (roughly equivalent to Russia's population). And it sequesters 17.2 million metric tons of CO2 each year. Joining the Newscast this week to talk about the unique biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea and its threats is journalist Manuela Callari. Callari has written for Mongabay, highlighting the threats to purple sea urchins (Paracentrotus lividus) along the Italian coast. These marine invertebrates are crucial to the health of marine ecosystems, such as those in the Mediterranean, by helping regulate algal abundance and serving as food for predators. However, they are being overfished and even poached in marine protected areas due to demand for them as the primary ingredient in a popular tourist dish: spaghetti ai ricci di mare. While the situation with urchins persists, Italy has been investing in an unprecedented effort to map its entire underwater coastline using deployed sensors to better understand the marine environment and manage conservation efforts. This is allowing them to identify where meadows of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica, which are "absolutely vital" to the Mediterranean ecosystem, persist, Callari says. Overall, Callari says she wishes the rest of the world and tourists visiting the Mediterranean were more informed about the pressures the marine ecosystem faces. "I grew up here, and now that I go back to certain places where I was as a child, and they are just completely different places to me. Places that were just nature and were difficult to access. Now they have very easy access on cars, buses. You can go on boat tours very easily. And I think we don't appreciate enough the impact that has on the environment. On the sea." Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Cover image: Satellite data from a study shows that the Mediterranean's average surface temperature has risen by 1.2°C (2.2°F) since the mid-1980s. Image by Katerina Katopis/Ocean Image Bank. —— Timecodes (00:00) The Mediterranean is taken for granted (07:09) Why is a tourist dish destroying marine ecosystems? (18:49) Mapping the entire Italian coast (28:19) Learning to appreciate the Mediterranean

Tesla dropped a 216-page impact report, and while most people were expecting a flashy product announcement, what they got was something far more strategic. The Pirate Street Journal team broke down three major themes from the report: privacy, climate, and safety innovation. Viewed through the category design lens, each topic reveals how Tesla is not just building cars but actively designing and dominating an entirely new category of company. Here is what stood out and why it matters beyond the headlines. This Breaking News is brought to you buy the Pirates Christopher Lochhead, Eddie Yoon and Bri Clark on this episode of Pirate Street Journal. Each week, the Category Pirates pick three headlines worth paying attention to and break down the category underneath. You're listening to Christopher Lochhead: Follow Your Different. We are the real dialogue podcast for people with a different mind. So get your mind in a different place, and hey ho, let's go.   Tesla Is Building Privacy Into Its DNA Tesla has published its privacy principles, promising customers data choices, transparency, and personal data protection. This mirrors the playbook Tim Cook ran at Apple for a decade, turning privacy into a marketing weapon and a category moat. The difference is that Apple’s product can sit in a drawer. Tesla’s product watches the road, monitors the cabin, and tracks your location every mile you drive, making the privacy commitment far more consequential. The deeper lesson here applies to every AI company operating today. As technology becomes more embedded in daily life, through scheduling agents, health monitors, and connected vehicles, trust becomes the foundation everything else is built on. Tesla charging a premium for its vehicles removes the incentive to monetize user data as a commodity, which is exactly the structural choice that creates lasting category leadership.   Tesla Invented the Climate Scoreboard It Now Leads Tesla reported that its customers avoided emitting 37 million metric tons of CO2 in 2025, equivalent to taking roughly 8 million gas-powered cars off the road. What makes this remarkable is not just the number but the fact that Tesla created the metric itself. Legacy automakers do not report avoided emissions because they never built a product that made the concept relevant. Tesla built the scoreboard and then placed itself at the top of it. There is also a broader cultural opportunity emerging here. The environmental conversation has fractured to the extremes, leaving a wide open space for what might be called the sensible environmentalist, someone who wants a strong economy and a cleaner world simultaneously. Tesla, whether intentionally or not, is occupying that center ground by delivering measurable environmental impact through a for-profit, product-driven model that operates within free market principles.   Tesla Is Turning Safety Into Updatable Software Tesla’s airbags deploy up to 70 milliseconds before impact, while conventional airbags deploy roughly 50 milliseconds after impact. That combined gap of 120 milliseconds translates to about six feet of additional protection at highway speeds, potentially reducing crash force by as much as 25 percent. With approximately 36,000 fatal crashes occurring in the United States each year, even a meaningful percentage reduction in fatalities represents billions of dollars in societal value and, more importantly, thousands of lives. What separates Tesla from traditional automakers is that its safety systems are not frozen in place at the factory. Because crash response runs through the same over-the-air update pipeline used for new features, a Tesla can theoretically become safer after purchase. This transforms safety from a fixed specification into a living software product, and it represents one of the clearest examples of how Tesla continues to redefine what a car company can be at a foundational level. To hear about this breaking news on The Pirate Street Journal, download and listen to this episode. You can also read more Pirate Street Journal entries in the Category Pirates newsletter.   We hope you enjoyed this episode of Christopher Lochhead: Follow Your Different™! Christopher loves hearing from his listeners. Feel free to email him, connect on Facebook, X (formerly Twitter), LinkedIn, and subscribe on Apple Podcast / Spotify!

Fishing Fails, Target Startup Nightmares & Chicago Fireman's Dump Lines | Advanced Refrigeration PodcastBrett Wetzel and Kevin Compass open with fishing stories and then jump into a rough Target CO2 startup plagued by miswired comm loops, mixed case-control hardware, and constant walking in a multi-level downtown layout. They discuss troubleshooting methods for crisscrossed MODbus wiring, common causes of shorts and opens, and an electrician mistake that blew an XM controller apart. The hosts explain Chicago's “fireman's dump line” code requirement and how piping it off the bottom of a suction header can trap oil and cause recurring low-oil issues. They also flag a backwards high-pressure control/relay setup on a Target backup CO2 unit, share practical tips for S3C/Corelink/CC200 case controllers, Ethernet jumpers, termination, protecting solid-state outputs, transducer orientation, and water-damaged controllers from case washing.

Sporlan S3C, Comm Loops, Fireman's Dump Line, Brett's Retiring, and Noodling Episode 528Fishing Fails, Target Startup Nightmares & Chicago Fireman's Dump Lines | Advanced Refrigeration PodcastBrett Wetzel and Kevin Compass open with fishing stories and then jump into a rough Target CO2 startup plagued by miswired comm loops, mixed case-control hardware, and constant walking in a multi-level downtown layout. They discuss troubleshooting methods for crisscrossed MODbus wiring, common causes of shorts and opens, and an electrician mistake that blew an XM controller apart. The hosts explain Chicago's “fireman's dump line” code requirement and how piping it off the bottom of a suction header can trap oil and cause recurring low-oil issues. They also flag a backwards high-pressure control/relay setup on a Target backup CO2 unit, share practical tips for S3C/Corelink/CC200 case controllers, Ethernet jumpers, termination, protecting solid-state outputs, transducer orientation, and water-damaged controllers from case washing.

There are several approaches hyperscalers can take to mitigate the climate-related impacts of their increasing gas consumption for data centers. These include buying and retiring environmental credits; capturing and sequestering gas-plant CO2; and developing more renewables and nuclear capacity.

Following on from surprise atherosclerosis in 2023 that resulted in 3 stents to resolve 2, 95% and 1, 90% arterial blockages,  Tim adopted a carnivore diet as one of the known mechanisms to reduce inflammation, lower visceral fat and body fat, become fat adapted and improve gut health. After three months on the Carnivore diet, Tim's body weight had dropped 12KG from 82Kg to 70Kg and this provided Tim the confidence to stop taking statins and then fully tapered off gout medication (allopurinol).    Timestamps: 00:00 Trailer 00:27 Introduction 06:08 Health insights and lifestyle reflections 09:41 Managing gout with diet and medication 11:18 Cardiovascular health and lifestyle changes 16:44 Discussing statin medication 18:07 Concerns about statins 23:36 Regular blood work and health monitoring 26:54 Training and personal growth 27:59 Feeling better on a Low-Carb Diet 33:52 Media influence on Dutch eating habits 35:16 Meat consumption and culture 39:43 Retirement in Greece 41:21 Dutch greenhouses and CO2 44:45 Health and social media Join Revero now to regain your health: https://revero.com/YT Revero.com is an online medical clinic for treating chronic diseases with this root-cause approach of nutrition therapy. You can get access to medical providers, personalized nutrition therapy, biomarker tracking, lab testing, ongoing clinical care, and daily coaching. You will also learn everything you need with educational videos, hundreds of recipes, and articles to make this easy for you. Join the Revero team (medical providers, etc): https://revero.com/jobs ‪#Revero #ReveroHealth #shawnbaker  #Carnivorediet #MeatHeals #AnimalBased #ZeroCarb #DietCoach  #FatAdapted #Carnivore #sugarfree Disclaimer: The content on this channel is not medical advice. Please consult your healthcare provider.

In this episode the guys sit down with elite speed and performance coach Brian Kula of Kula Sports Performance, the man who has trained Christian McCaffrey since he was 13 years old, Saquon Barkley, AJ Brown, and dozens of other professional and Olympic athletes. Brian breaks down his Bounce Fire system for building safe running mechanics from the ground up, why strong athletes like Sal who never sprint are actually at higher injury risk than deconditioned ones, how the nervous system is the real reason hamstrings pull, why cold plunges can shut down the nervous system for up to 24 hours before a game, the best strength training exercises for speed including trap bar deadlifts and overcoming isometrics, how he uses force plates and grip strength to gauge recovery, the role genetics play in athletic potential, why gymnastics is the best base sport for young kids, and the ACL injury connection to the menstrual cycle that most coaches don't know about.   Kula Sports Performance: https://www.kulasp.com ETS Performance: https://etsperformance.com   No BS 6-Pack Formula: https://nobs6pack.com Code: 6PACK for 50% off. Full two phase ab building system with updated videos and demos.   SPONSOR Butcher Box: https://butcherbox.com/mindpump No code needed. New users choose free thick cut ribeyes, top sirloin, or ground beef and bacon for a year plus $20 off at checkout.   LINKS Mind Pump Store: https://mindpumpstore.com Maps Fitness Products: https://mapsfitnessproducts.com Instagram: @mindpumpmedia   0:00 - Intro 3:31 - Running is a skill and why the injury rate is so high 6:06 - The Bounce Fire system — Brian's 25-year progressive running mechanics method  12:20 - Why reaching with your stride is the real cause of most hamstring pulls 15:44 - Sal's hamstring pop story and why strong athletes who never sprint are highest risk 20:28 - Recovery tools — force plates, fly tens and structured periodization 30:08 - Best strength exercises for speed — trap bar deadlift, box squat and overcoming isometrics 37:09 - Biggest changes in athletic training over 30 years and what went wrong with functional training  40:07 - Female ACL injury rates and the menstrual cycle connection nobody talks about  43:14 - CO2 paste recovery technology — why Brian thinks it beats hyperbaric chambers and cold plunges 51:00 - Biggest mistakes young athletes and coaches make and the multi-sport debate 1:00:25 - Stories from coaching Saquon, McCaffrey, AJ Brown and what separates elite athletes