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Life. What is it? How did it start? Is it unique to Earth, rare or abundantly distributed throughout the universe?While biology has made great strides in the last two hundred years, these foundational questions remain almost as mysterious as ever. However, in the last three decades, astrobiology has emerged as an academic discipline focused on their resolution. Already we have seen progress, if not aliens. The success of the space telescope Kepler in discovering exoplanets may come to mind. Equally important is the work to understand how we can demarcate biological from abiotic patterns — when we can be sure something is a genuine biosignature (evidence of life) and not a biomorph (looks like life, but is the product of other processes).Our guest this week is Sean McMahon, a co-director of the UK Centre for Astrobiology. Sean takes us through the field in general and gives particularly thoughtful insights into these epistemological problems. He also cautions that we may need a certain psychological resilience in this quest: it may require generations of painstaking work to arrive at firm answers. Sean's website Multiverses.xyz Tartan Taridgrade podcastCorrectionsIn the intro, I say Enceladus is a moon of Jupiter. Nope, it's one of Saturn's moons.Milestones(00:00) Intro(3:22) Start of discussion: astrobiology as where biology meets the physical science(6:00) What is life?(9:30) Life is a self-sustaining chemical system capable of Darwinian evolution — NASA 94(10:44) Life is emergent, therefore hard to define(12:00) Assembly theory — beer, the pinnacle of life?(14:22) Schrodinger & DNA(15:45) Von Neumann machine behavior as defining life(17:00) All life on Earth we know comes from one source(22:55) How did life emerge on Earth(26:40) The most important meal in history — emergence of eukaryotes(28:20) The difficulty of delineating life from non-life(33:30) How spray paint looks like life(35:30) ALH84001(39:00) How false positives invigorated exobiology(44:05) The abiotic baseline(46:30) Chemical gardens(49:30) Is natural selection the only way to high complexity?(54:55) Sci-fi & life as we don't know it(58:45) Kepler & exoplanets(1:00:00) It may take generations(1:03:40) Sagan's dictum: Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence(1:08:50) Technosignatures: Gomböc, Obelisk, not Pulsar(1:12:00) Can we prove the null hypothesis (no life)
It's August 8th. This day in 1996, President Bill Clinton gives a startling announcement about a rock — ALH84001 — that seems to indicate the presence of life on Mars. Jody, Niki, and Kellie discuss the larger political and cultural context for why Clinton made this big announcement, and what we really know about the rock's origins. Sign up for our newsletter! We'll be sending out links to all the stuff we recommended later this week. Find out more at thisdaypod.com This Day In Esoteric Political History is a proud member of Radiotopia from PRX. Your support helps foster independent, artist-owned podcasts and award-winning stories. If you want to support the show directly, you can do so on our website: ThisDayPod.com Get in touch if you have any ideas for future topics, or just want to say hello. Our website is thisdaypod.com Follow us on social @thisdaypod Our team: Jacob Feldman, Researcher/Producer; Brittani Brown, Producer; Khawla Nakua, Transcripts; music by Teen Daze and Blue Dot Sessions; Audrey Mardavich is our Executive Producer at Radiotopia
The best explanation for the existence of Venus is a comet collision with mars The debris from the collision would have been ejected from the system in the direction of the Sun and then would have followed a highly eccentric orbit around the Sun in the same manner as a short-period comets Some of the mars debris would have rained down on earth. The highly eccentric orbit would have allowed the debris to be captured by the gravitational field of the Earth The result of the collision would be a mass of molten rock orbiting the Sun and the formation of the Moon would be the ejection of the molten rock from the collision what if the comet collision formed the Moon and Venus Leaving mars without an atmosphere and with less mass. The moon may not been the result of a mars sized object colliding with earth. HOW DID THE PLANET MARS BECOME SO LITTLE AND SO DRY? The early planet Mars was much larger than the planet Mars is today The planet Mars had a large atmosphere and water on the surface At some point after the formation of the planet Mars it was struck by a comet The collision caused the planet Mars to be greatly eroded and the planet Mars to lose most of its atmosphere The collision also caused the planet Mars to move from the asteroid belt to its current orbit The planet Mars had a large atmosphere and water Mars has no proven evidence of life. However, discovery of water is non controversial 1.Mars would be the most likely planet to inhabitant in the future. Mars may hold the keys to our future and our past 2. Mars terrain is very similar to the Southern California Mojave Desert. 3. Mars is filled with iron oxidized dust 4. Mar's volcano Olympus Mound rises 15 miles above its surface. 5. The delta 2 rocket transported the spirit to mars. Mars is cold dry and desolate and temperatures drop to a 100 degrees below zero at night. 6. Mars is half the size of earth and is 34 million miles from us. 7. Mars may have been warm enough for water to flow across its surface. Mars has had water in its past 8. As the Mars iron core cooled it could no longer maintain the magnetic field and the solar storms stripped the atmosphere. 9. Tons of ice might be locked below the Mars polar caps. The cap is frozen carbon dioxide. 10. Impacts of asteroids suggest that the impact profile is hitting permafrost. 11. In 1964, Mariner 4, set back pictures of Mars, with only one pass. What it saw was crater like on the moon. The Mariner reveal a dry desert on Mars. Mariner 9, orbited the planet for weeks and make a complete mapping. It discovered the thesaurus bulge. Mariner valley is a rupture in the landscape the width of the US. 12. In 1976, the voyager put a robot to collect soil samples and test for life, no definitive evidence of biology. 13. Discovered in the Antarctica, the ALH84001 was determined to be a rock from Mars. Under an electron microscope, scientist see carbonates. Was the structure a worm or part of a bacteria? Was it biological? Probably not. NASA claims ALH84001 was early evidence of life on Mars. No consensus was established. The major of people though the structures were mineral activity. Could microbial life exist on the polar poles of Mars? No evidence 14. In 2003, The Delta 2 rocket delivered equipment to Mars. The robotic rovers spirit and opportunity are exploring mars. Neither robots have discovered signs of life, but they did find evidence of water. 15. Phoenix will excavate the polar soil. Mars may have internal heat causing water flows. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/david-nishimoto/message
We're traveling back to 1984 today to meet ALH84001, or as we like to call him, Al! Al is an ancient chunk of Mars that made its way to Earth, and scientists have been arguing for decades if this cute little space potato may prove the existence of alien life! Subscribe to It's Probably (not) Aliens for weekly episodes about cool ancient history! And give us a 5-star review if you have the time. It would really help us out! Suggest topics for us to tackle: http://ProbsNotAliens.com Follow the show on Twitter: https://twitter.com/ProbsNotAliens Tristan Johnson: https://StepBackHistory.com Scott Niswander: https://twitter.com/scottniswander Music by Rod Kim: https://RodKim.com Cover art by Skutch: https://twitter.com/Skutchdraws
A trio of rovers is looking for evidence of life on the Red Planet — past or present. One of them is even gathering samples that might one day be returned to Earth by a follow-up mission. That would give scientists a chance to study the samples with the most advanced technologies on Earth. In the 1990s, scientists studied a Mars rock with the most advanced technologies of the time. And 25 years ago this week, they reported finding evidence of life. The rock was a Mars meteorite. It formed more than four billion years ago, when lava on Mars cooled and solidified. It was blasted into space about 16 million years ago when an asteroid slammed into Mars. The rock fell to Earth in Antarctica 13 thousand years ago. It was discovered in the Allan Hills in 1984, so it was named ALH 84001. Scientists discovered that it came from Mars by measuring tiny air bubbles in the rock. Gases in the bubbles match those in the Martian atmosphere. NASA scientists spent years analyzing tiny fragments of the rock. A combination of several findings hinted that the rock held evidence of ancient microscopic life — a stunning discovery. Soon, though, other scientists looked at pieces of ALH84001 as well. Most of them concluded that the evidence of life had been produced by chemical or geological processes — not by Martian “bugs.” Yet the debate about the meteorite continues; more about that tomorrow. Script by Damond Benningfield Support McDonald Observatory
Manchmal sind es die kleinen Dinge, die große Wellen schlagen: die erste Folge biophon erzählt die Geschichte eines unscheinbaren Steines aus der geologischen Tiefkühltruhe der Erde, der nichts weniger als eine der fundamentalsten Fragen der Menschheit beantwortet - oder doch nicht? Clara und Erik laden Euch auf eine Reise durch das Hin- und Her der wissenschaftlichen Forschung ein und zeigen, wie neue Erkenntnisse Euphorie auslösen und wieder dämpfen können. Quellen:McKay, D. S. et al. (1996). Search for past life on Mars: possible relic biogenic activity in martian meteorite ALH84001. Science. http://doi.org/10.1126/science.273.5277.924Buseck, P. R. et al. (2001). Magnetite morphology and life on Mars. PNAS. http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.241387898McKay, C. P. Et al. (2003). Magnetotactic bacteria on Earth and on Mars. Astrobiology. http://doi.org/10.1089/153110703769016361Bildquellen:NASA, Public domain, via Wikimedia CommonsAudio:William J. Clinton Presidential Library, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pHhZQWAtWyQ
Léteztek-léteznek Naprendszerünk kutatásának fontos sorsfordító eseményei, olyanok, amelyek aztán évtizedekre meghatározzák, hogy milyen kutatási témák kerülnek előtérbe, mely célégitestek válnak az űrszondás küldetések szupersztárjaivá és melyek lesznek azok, amelyeknek "felé se néznek". Azt hiszem, mindenképpen ilyen fordulópont volt 1996-ban az ALH84001 jelű, Marsról származó bazaltmeteoritban talált lehetséges baktérium-fosszíliák felfedezése, amit nem más jelentett be, mint Bill Clinton, az USA akkori elnöke. Onnantól kezdve szinte nem múlt el olyan indítási ablak (ezek kétévente nyílnak), hogy ne indultak volna űrszondák a vörös bolygó felé. A múlt heti, túlzás nélkül szenzációsnak nevezhető bejelentés, az akár közvetett életjelekként is interpretálható foszfin-molekulák kimutatása a Vénusz felsőlégkörében is egy ilyen mérföldkő lehet, s úgy tűnik, végre visszahelyezi a kutatások reflektorfényébe méltatlanul elhanyagolt testvérbolygónkat is. http://parallaxis.emtv.hu/
Come hanno fatto molecole inorganiche, a un certo punto, a formare composti organici? Come funziona la vita in condizioni estreme come i vulcani o gli abissi marini? Come potrebbe funzionare sugli altri pianeti? Questa è la astrobiologia. Una scienza che cerca la vita all'interno dei sassi dei luoghi più inospitali della Terra.
Conoce la historia de los indicios de vida en Marte detectados en 1984 en un meteorito que cayó en la Antártida. Conoce además la anécdota de las papas fritas espaciales. Para comentarios o sugerencias me puedes escribir a; Laika.podcast@gmail.com
Earlier this year Dutch made a prediction. An announcement is coming in 2020: evidence of extraterrestrial life has been made. We're not talking Klingons and Ewoks here...or are we? Join us this week as we discuss the implications of the solar system panspermia-ing all over the place. What are scientists searching for? What have they found? And what does it mean for planet Earth? #DHOTW - Matt Gaetz - Breathalyzer or Gas Mask.With No Due Respect S02E15 (Life: Beyond Earth)SHOW NOTES:Edgar Rice Burroughs - "John Carter of Mars""John Carter of Mars" filmLife on Europa, Enceladus. Panspermia from Mars and Earth.https://www.space.com/alien-life-europa-enceladus-second-genesis.htmlLife on Marshttps://futurism.com/scientists-nasa-found-evidence-ancient-life-marsLatest photos from Curiosity Rover on MarsMethane on Marshttps://www.space.com/mars-methane-mystery-wind-erosion.htmlinside the ALH84001 meteroiteAmino Acids and/or Protein in an Asteroidhttps://www.newscientist.com/article/2235981-have-we-really-found-an-alien-protein-inside-a-meteorite/Star Trek - Kahn's larvahttps://youtu.be/3i42SmtbmegQuato - "Total Recall"https://youtu.be/mSV6bcXMg9AMichelangelo's B-day - March 6th 1475Congressman Mat Gaetz - Mug ShotCongressman Mat Gaetz - Gas Mask on House Floor
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Welcome to(F.A.M.E.)the Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution. Wow! what an awesome podcast I had with Steven Benner of FAME. This was truly a great discussion and education into MARS and the possibility of life on EARTH originating on MARS. Yes, that is correct. Meteorites may act as a sort of "seed" much like a dandelion spreads it with a summer breeze. Only this spreading of "seed" came from a violent time in MARS life. On August 6, 1996, ALH84001 became newsworthy when it was claimed that the meteorite may contain evidence of traces of life from Mars, as published in an article in Science by David S. McKay of NASA. There is great debate surrounding meteorite ALH84001, but it has been discovered that it is the oldest artifact known to man that has come from another planet. Please enjoy this episode. The audio was a bit crackly on the Skype call.
Nuestro sistema inmune debe tolerar lo propio e identificar y destruir lo extraño. Hoy explicamos cómo, para lograrlo, nuestro sistema de defensa ha desarrollado una especie de policía interna formada por células capaces de regular actitudes de nuestras propias células que puedan ser agresivas para nosotros mismos. En segundo lugar hablaremos de una nueva investigación realizada en el meteorito más famoso de la historia, el ALH84001, un meteorito de origen marciano que se pensó que contenía muestras de actividad biológica pasada en el Planeta Rojo. Una nueva investigación extrae de él información sobre la atmósfera pasada de Marte. Y, para terminar, una pregunta: ¿Cómo nos sentiríamos si al despertar una mañana y mirarnos al espejo comprobáramos que hemos dejado de pertenecer a la raza a la que pertenecíamos hasta ayer y ahora somos de una raza diferente, blanca, negra, amarilla, india…? Hablamos de un estudio científico sobre el racismo.