Today in History

On August 17, 1969, theWoodstock Music Festival was held in the United StatesIf you're a musiclover, especially a rock lover, you're no stranger to the Woodstock Festival.It was one of the largest music festivals ever held to date and an importantmoment in human history.Speaking of thismusic festival, it actually has a lot to do with the background of the era inthe United States at that time. Beginning in 1946, with the end of World WarII, large numbers of American soldiers returned home. In this way, a majorevent was created – the American baby boom. From 1946 to 1964, 76 millionpeople were born in these 18 years, a group commonly known as the "babyboomers". In the 1960s and 1970s, the baby boomer population in the UnitedStates led to the growth of toys, cartoons, and popular music; In the 1970s and1980s, the baby boomer population who entered the active period of marriage ledto the growth of the real estate and automobile industries; In the 1980s and1990s, baby boomers entered the golden age of consumption and led to the growthof personal computers and the Internet. During this period, "the babyboomer population created the largest stock market gains in history, demand forhousing, demand for international aviation, personal computers, computernetworks, and sports and leisure tools."In 1969, thesebaby boomers have become young people, shouting all day long anti-war, love,peace, but they are not actively participating in society, but avoiding and pursuingthe dream world. They love freedom and yearn for love and peace. Born in such achaotic era, the baby boomers who experienced the defeat of the Vietnam War andracial issues participated in the festival under the auspices and planning of 4young people.There's a funnydetail: the cartoon character of the festival is a bird named Woodstock, andit's set to be a good friend of the famous comic book character Snoopy. In theUnited States, Snoopy symbolizes goodness and kindness, etc.At the time, anestimated 450,000 people were involved. The highway was blocked, and theywalked on their feet; In the face of thunderstorms, they are still active; Thegovernment wouldn't let them stay here, so they went to a farm and continued tocelebrate with songs and dances. To this end, they overcame all odds and spent3 days in this place full of sweat, drugs and music. However, in the future, thegovernment will not allow such activities to be held again.

On August 16, 1922, Jiao Yuluwas bornOn August 16,1922, Jiao Yulu was born. This year, the year 2022, is the 100th anniversary ofJiao Yulu's birth.Jiao Yulu wasborn in a poor family in Zibo, Shandong Province. He went to school at the ageof 7, and his grades have always been among the best. Unfortunately, by the ageof 11, his hometown encountered a famine, and Jiao Yulu had to drop out ofschool. In addition to farming at home, he did a small business to maintain hislivelihood in his spare time, mainly selling vegetables and oil, selling potcakes at Gushan Bridge, following poor villagers to push wheelbarrows,transporting coal to sell coal, and also working in coal kilns. In 1941, thegovernment urged donations and forced Jiao Yulu's father to hang himself. Thefollowing year, Jiao Yulu was escorted to Fushun as a miner. The days therewere very difficult, he didn't eat well, he didn't wear warmly, he didn't sleepwell, and he was often oppressed. He's fed up! Therefore, Jiao Yulu secretlyescaped from the mining area, but where could he go? In the end, Jiao Yulu andhis wife had to go into exile in Suqian.In1945, Japanannounced its unconditional surrender, and Jiao Yulu returned to his hometownand joined the Communist Party. Since then, Jiao Yulu has walked closely withthe party.Jiao Yulu waslater transferred to Lankao County, Henan in 1962. There suffered seriouswaterlogging, wind and sand, salinity and alkali, and the people sufferedunspeakable. Jiao Yulu was determined to govern, so he led the villagers tostart planting paulownia trees. On one sand dune after another in Lankao,paulownia trees rise from the ground, adding a lot of life to this barren grayland. At that time, there were some lazy people in the production team who werereluctant to plant paulownia trees. Jiao Yulu set up a series of reward andpunishment systems and conducted regular inspections. He also created positionssuch as rangers and rangers. In the end, the people of Lankao were mobilized,and the paulownia trees became a forest.In1964, Jiao Yuluunfortunately died of liver cancer. His last words were: "Transport meback to Lankao and bury me in the sand. I didn't cure the dunes when I wasalive, and when I died, I wanted to watch you cure the dunes! ”In2017, LankaoCounty relied on the paulownia tree industry and became the firstpoverty-stricken county in Henan to become rich!Jiao Yulu hasbecome an excellent model for all those who participate in government affairsin the future, Jiao Yulu spirit has inspired and inspired generations of partymembers and cadres and ordinary people, Jiao Yulu spirit has become the mostbasic moral adherence of China's officials and politicians, and President XiJinping has advocated adhering to the close combination of carrying out massline education and practice activities with learning and carrying forward thespirit of Jiao Yulu.In 2021, theParty Central Committee approved the first batch of great spirits that theCentral Propaganda Department sorted out into the spiritual genealogy ofChinese Communists, and released them on the occasion of the 72nd anniversaryof the founding of the People's Republic of China, including the Jiao Yuluspirit.

On August 15, 2004,China began to implement the Administrative Measures for the Examination andApproval of Permanent Residence of Foreigners in China.Hearingthe name of the file above, you may feel very strange. But in fact, this is thedocument issued when the Chinese green card began to be issued.The termgreen card originates from the United States and is essentially a document forthe permanent residence of a foreign national in the territory of the country.Why is it called a green card? Originally, the original version of theresidence permit for foreigners in the United States was green, and more than20 versions were designed until 2010, when it was changed back to green.Although there are several versions of the color that are indeed not green, theterm green card is still used today.In 2004,the country began to issue green cards to foreigners. The conditions are asfollows:(1)Direct investment in China, stable investment for three consecutive years andgood tax payment record;(2)Holding positions such as deputy general manager or deputy factory director inChina, or having a deputy senior professional title such as associate professoror associate researcher, or enjoying the same treatment, having served in Chinafor four consecutive years or not less than three years in four years, andhaving a good tax payment record;(3)Those who have made major or outstanding contributions to China or whosespecial needs are needed by the State;(4) thespouses of the persons referred to in subparagraphs (1), 2 and 3 of thisparagraph and their unmarried children under the age of 18;(5) Thespouse of a Chinese citizen or a foreigner who has obtained permanent residencestatus in China, who has been in a marital relationship for five years or more,who has resided in China for five consecutive years, who has resided in Chinafor not less than nine months per year, and who has a stable living guaranteeand a domicile;(6)Unmarried children under the age of 18 who have turned to their parents; (7)Those who have no immediate family members abroad, who have defected to theirimmediate family members within the territory of China, who have reached theage of 60, who have resided in China for five consecutive years, who haveresided in China for not less than nine months per year, and who have a stableliving guarantee and domicile. The years referred to in this article refer tothe consecutive years preceding the date of application.Theseconditions may not sound so difficult to achieve, but the number of green cardsissued in our country will surprise you. By the end of 2011, China issued atotal of more than 4752 green cards, an average of 248 per year, and for theforeign population that has permanently resided in China, thousands of"Chinese green cards" have been issued in more than 10 years, whileother countries have issued more than 100,000 green cards a year, and theUnited States, where the most concentrated population, has to issue millions ofgreen cards a year, which is enough to show that the conditions of"Chinese green cards" are too hard to achieve.Inaddition, the Chinese green card also has some restrictions, he can not be usedlike the ID card, in some occasions to handle business is more difficult.Nevertheless,every year, many expats want to fight for a Chinese green card, and wheneverthey get this Chinese green card, they are ecstatic and very happy.

On August 14, 992, ZhaoPu diedZhaoPu, an outstanding statesman in the early Northern Song Dynasty, is also afamous advisor. He assisted the first emperor of Song Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyinfor 50 years, and can be said to be the founding father of the Song Dynasty.Onemorning in the first month of 960, Zhao Pu found Zhao Kuangyin. At this time,Zhao Kuangyin was only an official of the Later Zhou Dynasty. Zhao Pu and a fewpeople around him put a yellow robe in front of Zhao Kuangyin and motioned ZhaoKuangyin to put on the yellow robe. Zhao Kuangyin was very panicked, hethought, wearing a yellow robe is a big crime, and he will be killed at thattime. So he didn't take the yellow robe in the first place. Unexpectedly, ZhaoPu and others actually knelt down and kowtowed together, and shouted long live.Zhao Kuangyin had no choice. He put on the yellow robe. In this way, ZhaoKuangyin successfully became a emperor, and there were still some supporters.However, according to unofficial records, becoming the emperor was not atemporary plan, but a premeditated plan. And Zhao Pu was one of the mainplanners of this event!Later,Zhao Kuangyin overthrew the rule of the Later Zhou Dynasty and changed thecountry's name to the Great Song Dynasty, known as the Northern Song Dynasty inhistory. Zhao Pu, on the other hand, was awarded the title of Doctor of RightRemonstrance and served as a Privy Councilor. At that time, although theemperor of the Later Zhou Dynasty was over, the remaining forces still did notgive up and wanted to launch a mutiny and rebellion. Zhao Pu advised ZhaoKuangyin to go to the army himself. After a fierce battle, Zhao Kuangyin wasvictorious, and he beat the remnants of Hou Zhou to the point where he neverdared to raise troops to rebel. Therefore, Zhao Kuangyin promoted Zhao Pu to bethe minister of household and the deputy minister of the privy.Inthe second year, Zhao Pu proposed another plan to the emperor. He suggestedthat Zhao Kuangyin should weaken the military power of the generals in thedynasty, weaken the local financial power, strengthen the construction of thecentral forbidden army, and seize the military power of Jiedushi. Zhao Kuangyincalled the generals to the palace, entertained them with good dishes and meals,and set up a banquet. Halfway through the meal, Zhao Kuangyin raised his glassand talked to the generals. Who would have thought that not long after thewords were finished, the generals took the initiative to hand over theirmilitary power. In this way, the issue of the generals was resolved peacefully.Everyone is very happy. But why did Zhao Kuangyin do this? The reason isactually very simple, because he himself rebelled and became the emperor. Hedidn't want his subordinates to come with a yellow robe in case they were likehim someday. In essence, Zhao Kuangyin wanted to consolidate his power andstatus. This incident is known as "a cup of wine to release the militarypower".Inthis way, Zhao Pu put forward many good suggestions to Zhao Kuangyin, whichmade the Song Dynasty grow stronger and stronger. Zhao Pu himself has also beenpromoted at various levels, and finally was worshipped as a grand teacher,named Duke Wei, and given to the prime minister's salary. It is a pity thatZhao Pu passed away not long after such days. After his death, the then emperorSong Taizong was so shocked that he immediately abolished the dynasty for 5days. Later, Zhao Pu was posthumously named King Zhending, and he was given theposthumous title of Zhongxian.

On August 13, 2004, the28th Athens Summer Olympic Games openedIn the episodeon July 21, we mentioned the first ancient Olympic Games; in the program onAugust 8, we mentioned the 2008 Beijing Olympics; in the program on August 10,we mentioned the 1992 Barcelona Olympics. You can listen to these programs byyourself. Today, we're going to talk about the Olympics again. We will talkabout the 2004 Athens Olympics.Greeceis the birthplace of the Olympic Games, and Athens is the capital of Greece.Athens used to be the host city of the first modern Olympic Games in 1896.Therefore, in 1989, Athens bid to host the 1996 Olympic Games, because ithappened to be 100 years after 1896, which is of great significance. But itstill failed in the end! In 1993, Athens once again bid to host the 2000Olympic Games, because this year was the beginning of a new century, and thesignificance was even more significant, but it still failed.Finally,in 1997, Athens successfully bid for the Olympic Games and became the host cityof the 2004 Olympic Games! After 108 years, the modern Olympic Games hasfinally returned to its hometown!However,the preparatory work after the Olympic bid has been surprisingly slow. In 2000,the International Olympic Committee once considered changing the venue of theGames. Since then, the Greek organizers have accelerated the pace of work. Theyare well aware of how difficult it is to bid for the Olympic Games. No onewants to miss this hard-won opportunity. On the eve of the start of the Games,they finally managed to complete the preparatory work so that the Olympic Gamescan go smoothly. However, because the swimming competition venue is too late tobuild the roof, the athletes participating in the afternoon can only withstandthe test of the scorching sun and the scorching heat. Fortunately, the mostimportant competitions such as the semi-finals and finals are arranged in theevening when the water temperature and temperature are relatively slightlylower, so that the athletes can play their highest level in the most importantcompetitions.Themen's and women's shot put competitions in the track and field events of thisGames were held in the ancient Olympia Stadium, which can make people relivethe sanctity and splendor of the ancient Olympic Games. The PanathinaikoStadium, which once hosted the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, has beenrefurbished to host the archery and marathon finishing competitions of thiscompetition; the Kaleskaki Stadium, which once served as the cycling venue forthe first modern Olympic Games in 1896, has been renovated. Afterwards, itbecame the venue for the men's and women's football matches; the course of themarathon is completely the original route that the Greek warrior Philipides ranin 490 BC when he delivered the news!A totalof 11,099 athletes from the 201 member associations of the InternationalOlympic Committee participated in the Olympic Games in a total of 28 majorevents, 37 sub-events and 301 sub-events. Compared with the Sydney OlympicGames, 1 event in boxing, 2 events in men's wrestling and women's foil teamevent have been reduced, and 4 events in women's wrestling and women'sindividual saber event have been added. A total of 21,500 journalistsparticipated in reporting the tournament, including 5,500 photographers/textreporters and 16,000 broadcast reporters. A total of 160,000 volunteers wererecruited! This number is staggering!Due tothe rampant international terrorist activities in recent years, the AthensOlympic Games has further strengthened the security work, and the OrganizingCommittee has used a total of 45,000 security personnel. Involved in theprotection work are personnel from the police, military, coast guard, firebrigade, private bodyguards and specially trained volunteers. Despite thestrict security measures, the sales of tickets for the conference are still notideal. Until the official opening of the event on August 13, less than half ofall 5.2 million tickets were sold. In the first few days of the tournament,there are thousands of empty seats in the stands at many events. But thissituation soon improved, especially for the track and field games at night,when the stands, which can accommodate 70,000 people, were full. The venues forother events were almost full during the final week of the conference.Thetorch relay before the opening of the Olympic Games created a number of firsts.In order to commemorate the return of the Olympic Games to their hometown, theOrganizing Committee has carefully designed the torch relay route. For thefirst time, the Olympic torch spread across the five continents of the world,and reached Africa and South America for the first time, so that people fromall over the world have the opportunity to participate in and experience thisgrand event. The Torch Pass traverses all the cities that have hosted theSummer Olympics in history, so that these cities have the opportunity towitness the Olympic flame again and experience the joy brought by the OlympicGames again. In addition, the torch has also reached some cities of specialsignificance, such as Brussels, the central city of the European Union, Lausanne,the headquarters of the International Olympic Committee, and Beijing, the hostof the next Olympic Games. The entire torch relay process took 78 days,traveled 78,000 kilometers around the world, and spread throughout alladministrative regions and all states of Greece.TheGames of the Olympic Games are two days ahead of the opening ceremony, startingon August 11. The opening ceremony on August 13 was brilliant. Greek actorsshowed the romance of the Aegean Sea and the civilization of ancient Greece withpoetic and dreamlike performances. The unique torch lighting ceremony pushedthe warm atmosphere of the opening ceremony to a climax. The torch was lit bythe outstanding Greek windsurfer Nikolaos Kakramanakis. After Greek PresidentKostis Stefanopoulos announced the opening of the Games, swimmer Domis Kazy andbasketball referee Volyadis took the oath on behalf of the athletes andreferees respectively.TheChinese delegation participated in all 26 major events except baseball andequestrian, and achieved an unprecedented record. With 32 gold medals and atotal of 63 medals, the Chinese delegation ranked second in the medal list (Among them, the total number of medals ranks third), the number of gold medalsand the total number of medals both set a single record for China since itsparticipation in the Olympic Games, and both exceeded the historical bestresults created at the Sydney Olympic Games four years ago. Moreover, thenumber of gold medals has also reached a record high, and the number of goldmedal-winning projects has increased to 13 major events.At theClosing Ceremony on August 29, IOC President Jacques Rogge declared to theGreek people: "You have won. You have won by handling the challenges welland hosting a successful Olympic Games. It was an unforgettable, fantasticGames."Subsequently,the conference held a flag handover ceremony, and the Olympic five-ring flagwas passed from Athens to Beijing, China, the host city of the next OlympicGames. Everything that follows, you must already know!

On August 11, 1945, Mr.Fujino Genkuro Passed Away“Butsomehow or other I still remember him from time to time, for of all those whom Iconsider as my teachers he is the one to whom I feel most grateful and who gaveme the most encouragement. And I often think: the keen faith he had in me andhis indefatigable help were in a limited sense for China, for he wanted Chinato have modern medical science; but in a larger sense they were for science,for he wanted modern medical knowledge to spread to China. In my eyes he is agreat man, and I feel this in my heart, though his name is not known to manypeople.”The above passageis the words of Mr. Lu Xun in the book "Down Blossoms Plucked at Dusk"to recall his mentor Mr. Fujino. But who was Mr. Fujino? Why did he impress LuXun?Now reveal theanswer. First of all, Mr. Fujino was a Japanese doctor and professor. Theirfamily had been practicing medicine for generations, and Mr. Fujino was thesixth generation of doctors in the family. He had a little understanding of Chineseculture when he was a child, so when he later became a university professor,not only did he not look down on Chinese like many Japanese people at thattime, but he was also somewhat interested in Chinese culture, and sometimesdiscussed some things about Chinese culture with Lu Xun. As a Chinese, Lu Xunwas ridiculed by other classmates in college, and they also believed that LuXun had good grades mainly because the instructors told him exam questions. Mr.Fujino was completely different from these classmates, he respected Lu Xun verymuch, so Lu Xun was very impressed with him, and he also wrote an article"Mr. Fujino" in his book " Down Blossoms Plucked at Dusk "to commemorate him.There is such astory that happened between Mr. Lu Xun and Mr. Fujino. About to leave Japan, LuXun came to Mr. Fujino's house and told him that he did not want to studyanatomy anymore, but wanted to study biology. He also said that the contenttaught by Mr. Fujino was helpful to his biology. In fact, at this time, Lu Xungave up scientific salvation, but wanted to abandon medicine and write books.When Lu Xun left, Fujino said to his nephew, "Zhou (Lu Xun's real familyname) is a good student... But not the one who is a doctor. It seems that hestudied science and anatomy for the study of biology. Looking at it like this,he may have really believed Lu Xun's white lies.After Lu Xun'sdeath, Mr. Fujino gave an interview, claiming that his impression of Lu Xun wasvery shallow, and that he was only a middle school student. But when he heardthat Lu Xun had become a great writer after he came to China, he was stillsurprised.On August 11,1945, Mr. Fujino died four days before Japan surrendered. Fujino was creditedwith contributing to Sino-Japanese friendship after the war. Later, Lu Xun'shometown of Shaoxing, China, and Fujino's hometown, the city of Awara, Japan,formed a friendship between the 2 cities. Now, in the Chinese and Japaneselanguage textbooks, Lu Xun's article "Mr. Fujino" appears!

Learn more about our show, visit todayinhistory.mysxl.cnOn August 10, 1992, at theBarcelona Olympic Games, Chinese athlete Zhuang Yong won the gold medal in thewomen's 100-meter freestyleWe mentioned the 2008Beijing Olympics the day before yesterday. Now, let's went back to August 10,1992, to enjoy the 25th Barcelona Olympics together.In this OlympicGames, China won the first ever gold medal in Olympic swimming, and all this wasinseparable from one person, she was Zhuang Yong.Zhuang Yong wasborn in 1972 in Shanghai, China. She had loved swimming since kindergarten.Zhuang Yong's parents were workers and did not understand sports, but with thesupport of her aunt and others, Zhuang Yong still insisted on the hobby ofswimming. She began to learn to swim at swimming school at the age of 7. In1984, Zhuang Yong was selected for the Shanghai team and was appreciated bycoach Zheng Zhengguang, who gave him a solid foundation training. Zhuang Yong'sathlete career has begun!In 1985, the13-year-old Zhuang Yong won three golds and three bronze medals for a total of6 medals. In 1989, at the 3rd Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, Zhuang Yongbroke the Asian records for the women's 100m and women's 200m freestyles, andwon the women's 100m freestyle championship with a time of 55.68 seconds. In1991, he won the 50m freestyle, the 3rd place in the 100m freestyle and thesixth place in the 200m freestyle at the 6th World Swimming Championships inPerth, setting a new Asian record for the event. When Zhuang Yong participatedin the competition, she broke through himself again and again and broke therecord.Time came to thescene of the women's 100m freestyle at the Barcelona Games on August 10, 1992.As the race began, Zhuang Yong towards the finish line as fast as she could.Zhuang Yong finally defeated the then world record holder Thompson of theUnited States with a time of 54.64 seconds to win the gold medal in the women's100m freestyle, the first Olympic swimming gold medal won by a Chinese athlete;Later, Zhuang Yong also won the silver medal in the women's 50m freestyle, andcooperated with her teammates to win the silver medal in the women's 4×100mfreestyle relay.In 1993, at the7th National Games, Zhuang Yong won 3 medals; Immediately after the game, shechose to retire.In September2003, Zhuang Yong found her sweetheart Shen Jianqiang. Shen Jianqiang is also aswimmer, and after getting married, he ran a swimming club. At this time,Zhuang Yong was also in business and founded the Tulip Advertising Company.Both of them were very busy in their careers, but they still achieved unity incontradictions.The flame of the 2008Beijing Olympic Games was passed in Shanghai, and Zhuang Yong raised Shanghai'sfirst torch.

Learn more about "Today in History", please visit todayinhistory.sxl.cn!On August 9, 1936, Mr. ShenCongwen's "Border City" was publishedMr. Shen Congwenis a native of Phoenix, Hunan, and he was a famous Chinese writer andresearcher of historical relics.After graduatingfrom elementary school, Shen Congwen left his home to join a band of bandits inwestern Hunan and later joined the regular army.In 1922, ShenCongwen was tired of military life and wanted to go to college, but he onlyreceived a primary school education and had no money, so he had to observecourses at Peking University. In 1923, Shen Congwen once again applied for theChinese literature class of Yenching University, but failed again, so he had tocontinue to observe. In the process of auditing, Shen went from literature to alot, and also began to create literature. His famous work “Border City” is aculmination of his own creations.The novel isabout a small border city in western Hunan around the 1920s, which bordersSichuan. The work sings about human nature, and embodies a "beautiful,healthy, natural, and non-contradictory form of life" in the characters,thus forming a small border city that does not distinguish between povertyRich, regardless of status, always treat each other with sincerity, and the idealenvironment of love is full of love everywhere, which means the authorDissatisfaction with the reality of the humanity of the thief. The scenes ofthe novel realm blend, have a poetic charm, rich in lush vernacular colors,simple and thick; The language is natural and subtle, like high mountainflowing water, very windy.Living in thatvery turbulent era, Mr. Shen Congwen's life was also greatly affected. In 1948,Mr. Shen Congwen was fiercely criticized by the left-wing cultural circles. Inthe same year, the focus of work began to shift to the study of culturalrelics.In early 1949,Mr. Shen Congwen could not bear the enormous political pressure and wanted tocommit suicide, but was eventually saved. Since then, Mr. Shen Congwen has nolonger made literary creations.The politicalmovements of the 1950s and 1960s struck Shen Congwen and plunged him into astate of madness, and he kept chanting "Go back to western Hunan, I wantto go back to Western Hunan!", Zhang Zhaohe, his wife, wordlessly facedthis scene, and tears could not help but roll down. Later, under the carefulcare and medication of his wife, Shen Congwen gradually recovered his health,and he and his wife strongly survived the years of hardship and poverty.Since then, Mr.Shen Congwen has focused on the study of ancient costumes. Unfortunately, ShenCongwen was hospitalized with cerebral thrombosis in 1983, and in 1984, he fellseriously ill and could not speak and act like a normal person. On theafternoon of May 10, 1988, Mr. Shen Congwen had a heart attack and died at theage of 86!

On August 8, 2008, the 29thBeijing Olympic Games openedIn previousshows, we mentioned the opening of the first ancient Olympic Games. If you'reinterested, check out the show on July 21!All of this beganin 1993. At that time, China's Beijing Municipality bid to host the 27thOlympic Games in 2000, mainly because 2000 was the beginning of the 21stcentury, a year of great significance, but because of the difference of 2 votesto Sydney. Later, in1998, Beijing announced its bid to host the 2008 OlympicGames, because the pronunciation of the number "8" is similar to “fa”(gettinglots of money) in Chinese. On February 1, 2000, the emblem of the BeijingOlympic bid and the slogan "New Beijing, New Olympic Games" weredetermined, and the website for the Bid was officially opened.The mostsurprising thing happened on July 13, 2001. At the 112th IOC Plenary Session inMoscow, the IOC voted for Beijing to host the 2008 Olympic Games. Subsequently,IOC President Samaranch announced in Moscow that Beijing would become the hostcity of the 2008 Olympic Games. On the evening of the same day, the news ofBeijing's successful bid for the Olympic Games came, and 400,000 people inBeijing flocked to Tiananmen Square to revel in revelry.What followed wasintense preparations. From 2001 to 2007, the Organizing Committee of the 29thOlympic Games (Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee) was established, and thetwo major themes of "New Beijing, New Olympics" and the three majorconcepts of "Green Olympics, Science and Technology Olympics, andHumanistic Olympics" were put forward, and the emblem, competition venues,theme slogans, mascots, and mascots of the Beijing Olympic Games weredetermined. Sports icons, etc. In the first half of 2008, test matches wereheld on the competition grounds.Finally, at 8:00p.m. on August 8, 2008, the Beijing Olympic Games opened at the NationalStadium (Bird's Nest)!The 2008 BeijingOlympic Games officially opened on August 8, 2008 at 8:00 p.m. in Beijing. Theopening ceremony was attended by more than 91,000 spectators and dignitariesfrom many heads of state. The ceremony was directed by Zhang Yimou. Theperformance opens with 2,008 staff members wearing glowing bolts that glow onceeach time they are beaten, forming Chinese and Arabic numbers, counting downthe opening seconds. Subsequently, from Yongdingmen to the main venue, 29footprint-shaped fireworks were continuously cast along the central axis ofBeijing, symbolizing "the 29th Olympic Games step by step intoBeijing", and the opening ceremony was officially launched.On August 24,after 16 days of competition, the Beijing Olympic Games closed. The Chineseteam won 48 gold medals, ranking first in the gold medal list!Finally, let'senjoy "Welcome to Beijing" and end our show!

On August 7,1941, Tagore diedTagore was afamous Indian poet, writer, social activist, philosopher and Hindu nationalist. On May 7, 1861, Tagore was born into anaristocratic family in Kolkata, India, and was deeply loved by his parentsbecause he was the youngest child in the family.Tagore has beenan avid writer since he was a child, and at the age of 13 he was able tocompose long poems and collections of carols. In 1878, he went to England tostudy, and in 1880 he returned to China to specialize in literary activities.He was secretary of the Sanskrit Society from 1884 to 1911 and founded theInternational University in the 1920s. In 1913, he became the first Asian towin the Nobel Prize in Literature with Gitanjali.In 1915, he became acquainted with Gandhi. He has longbeen in contact with the Indian Congress Party and has attended congresses ofthe Congress Party. But his relations with the Congress party have always beenone-sided. He had a very sincere personal friendship with Gandhi. However, hedid not approve of some of Gandhi's practices. These two extraordinary figuresare not trying to hide the differences of opinion between them. At the sametime, morally and in social activities, they always respect and support eachother.In 1919, the Amritsar Massacre broke out. Earlier, theAnglo-Indian Legislative Council passed the Rollat Act, which allows police toarrest terrorists suspected by officials and sentence them to life in prisonwithout going through a public trial. As a result, the Indian people areextremely disgusted and oppose it. On 13 April, some 50,000 people gathered at the Zarenwala Garden inAmritsar City to protest the Lorat Law. The British army saw this and directlybegan to encircle and shoot the masses. According to official British figures,379 people were killed and 1,200 wounded. Instead of intimidating the massmovement, the crackdown provoked more intense protests from the Indian people.The Amritsar massacre became one of the direct causes ofGandhi's nationwide non-violent non-cooperation campaign in 1920-1922 andIndia's eventual independence. Tagore, who was alsovery angry at this time, steppedforward and wrote a righteous letter to the governor of India, protesting andrenouncing the title of "sir" given to him by the King of England.In 1924, he visited China. From a young age, he longedfor this ancient and rich eastern power, and was very sympathetic to thesituation of the Chinese people, writing an outcry at the Opium trade of the British colonialists, and this visit finally fulfilled hislong-cherished wish.In 1930, Tagore visited the young socialistcountry of the Soviet Union, where he saw a magical world, which made himextremely excited and excited, and wrote a book in praise of the Soviet Union,"Russian Books".In 1939, when the German fascists brazenly launched aworld war, he wrote an article at the invitation of his European friends todenounce the unjust deeds of the German "leader". Tagore always hatedfascism. But he expressed infinite sympathy for the oppressed weak peoples.Especially for China, he has always had good feelings and hopes.On August 6, 1941, Tagore died peacefully in hisancestral home in Kolkata, where thousands of citizens paid his funeral. Tagoremade great contributions to literature and the development of India in hislifetime, and his poetic style also had a major impact on modernChinese literature, inspiring a generation of literary heroes such as GuoMoruo, Xu Zhimo, and Xie Wanying, many of whom have been translated intoChinese many times.

Todayin History August 5, 2022Author: Aoran Li the STORYTELLEROn August 5, 1813, theQing government clearly prohibited the sale and smoking of opiumThe concept ofdrugs appeared only two or three hundred years ago. When it first appeared inhuman life, it was originally a drug, and even some drugs used to be good drugs,but when the use of it exceeded the limit of "reasonable" and madepeople addicted, it became a drug.It took people along time to realize this, and the history of human anti-drugs began. But theprocess has been twists and turns, bumpy, and even detours - the replacementproducts developed to replace an addictive drug are actually more"toxic". So far, mankind has not been victorious in this fightagainst drugs. Drug control is a long way to go.The most typicaldrug is opium. Before the birth of aspirin, opium was an important analgesic todeal with pain, and was even considered a "good medicine for alldiseases". Symptoms such as dysentery. Opium is a product of the poppy.A long time ago,people regarded opium poppy as a medicine to treat diseases, and consciouslycultivated and produced a small amount of it. Cultivation of opium poppyemerged in the western Mediterranean around 8,000 years ago. The Sumeriansbegan to use opium in 5000 BC. At the site of a Neolithic housing estateexcavated in Switzerland from 4000 BC, archaeologists have discovered theremains of seeds and fruits of the poppy, which belonged to an artificiallyhybridized variety. In 3400 BC, in the Mesopotamia, where Iraq is today, poppywas cultivated on a large scale. According to records, in 1552 BC, an ancientEgyptian record records the use of about 700 different opium formulations.Opium was firstrecognized as a drug around the 17th century. With the development of medicine,the proportion of opium dosage in the prescription is increasing. Europeansalso began to stimulate other uses of opium by making opium tincture, opiumwine, etc. Patients and even normal people gradually developed a physiologicaldependence on it. At this moment, opium is more than just an analgesic. Opiumhas become a drug from the time it was removed from its purely medicinal role.With the decay ofthe Qing government, foreign powers also began to think that the "OrientalLion" had become easy to bully. In order to make money and seek profits,foreigners introduced opium into China through missionaries and foreignmerchants. Some officials, in order to buy opium, had to embezzle public fundsand pay foreigners. As a result, a large amount of silver flowed overseas,making the Qing government a heavy burden. On August 5, 1813, the Qinggovernment clearly prohibited the sale and smoking of opium. Emperor Jiaqingissued a decree saying that opium cigarettes flowed into the mainland fromforeign countries, deceived people's hearts and killed lives, and the scourgewas the same as dove poison. Profiteers are greedy for profit and trafficking,and many victims are caused by smuggling and smuggling from various customs.Although the decree has been issued in the past, the provincial customssupervision and other strict inspection and prohibition, but it has not beenstopped for several years; some customs even privately collect opium tax andsilver, isn't this a guide for those who traffic in opium? It is no wonder thatopium cigarettes are becoming more and more poisonous. From now on, in thecoastal customs in Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other provinces, ifa traitor is found to be illegally smuggling opium cigarettes through thecustoms, once caught, the opium cigarettes will be thrown into the sea immediately,and the profiteer will be punished according to the law. If the supervision ofthe customs is violated by yang and yin, and the tax collection is privatelycollected, the governor of the province should check and participate in thestrength, and the supervisor should be dismissed first, and the post will bereported, and he will be severely punished. The people who traded opiumcigarettes in various places, the yamen commander of the infantry army ofShuntian Prefecture in the five cities, and the direct governors of theprovinces should be strictly investigated and dealt with according to the law.However, opium wasstill smuggled everywhere in China at that time. Only, more hidden.Drugs such as opiumwere not completely banned in China until 1950. From 1950 to 1980, China wasrated as a "non-drug country".However, after thereform and opening up, drugs once again flowed into China through the border.At present, a special anti-drug inventory operation is being carried out acrossthe country to severely punish drug traffickers and drug addicts, punish eviland promote good, and promote justice.I wish mankind anearly victory in this protracted war against drugs.

On August 4, 1875, theDanish writer Hans Christian Andersen diedThe name Hans Christian Andersen is definitely not unfamiliar to you.The stories of "The Ugly Duckling", "The Daughter of theSea" and "The Steadfast Tin Soldier" that we heard when we werechildren were all written by Hans Christian Andersen.Andersen's life as a child was very difficult. His father was ashoemaker and his mother was a maid. As a child, Andersen studied at a freecharity school and worked as an apprentice. Influenced by his father and folkoral literature, he loved literature since childhood. When he was 11, hisfather died and his mother remarried. In pursuit of art, he came to Copenhagen,the capital of Denmark, alone at the age of 14. At the age of 17, he publishedthe poetic drama "Alfsoll" and made his debut. It is also this"Alfsoll" that made Andersen sent to Slugelsee Grammar School andHelsingo School for free by the Royal Theatre of Arts. Lasted 5 years. In 1828,he entered the University of Copenhagen. After graduation, he had no job andmainly rely on manuscript fees to maintain my living.Andersen never married. He devoted his life to fairy tales. He isreluctant to contact outsiders, mainly because of his poor and down-to-earthexperience in his youth, which made him feel very inferior, thinking that he isnot only ugly but also poor. He said many times in his diaries and letters,"Because I am ugly and will always be poor, no one will want to marryme" "If I am beautiful, or rich, and have a decent office, then I'llget married and have a family" and so on. Just like the ugly duckling inhis own work "The Ugly Duckling", how much Andersen wanted to be thebig white goose that could soar in the sky and show his valiant and heroicappearance! Some Andersen researchers believe that, in addition to the abovetwo reasons, "his character's deep-seated inferiority complex makes it impossiblefor him to have a romantic relationship with the opposite sex, whether legal orillegal."Andersen's fairy tales have different characteristics in the threeperiods of his creation. Most of the early fairy tales are full of beautifulfantasy and optimistic spirit, reflecting the combination of realism andromanticism. His representative works include "The Tinderbox","Little Ida's Flower", "Thumbelina", "The Daughter ofthe Sea", "The Wild Swan", "The Ugly Duckling" and"The Emperor's New Clothes". In the middle-term fairy tale, thefantasy component is weakened, and the reality component is relativelystrengthened. In whipping the ugly and praising the good, it shows thepersistent pursuit of a better life, and also reveals the melancholy lack of confidence.His representative works include "The Little Match Girl", "TheSnow Queen", "Shadow", "A Drop of Water","Mother's Story" and "The Puppeteer". The later fairy talesare more realistic than the middle ones, focusing on describing the miserable fateof the people at the bottom and exposing the gloom and darkness of social lifeand the injustice in the world. The tone of the work is low. Representativeworks include "Dream Under the Willow", "She's a Waste","Bachelor's Nightcap" and "Lucky Belle".Because Andersen was born in poverty, he felt deeply about thephenomenon of inequality between the rich and the poor and the strong prey tothe weak in society. Therefore, on the one hand, he enthusiastically praisedthe working people, sympathized with the unfortunate poor, and praised theirkindness, purity and other noble qualities; The party angrily whipped thebrutal, greedy, weak, and stupid reactionary ruling class and exploiters,exposed the scandalous behavior of church monks and people's bad habits, andspared no effort to criticize social evils.Shortly before his death, Andersen once said to a young writer: "Ipaid a huge, even immeasurable price for my fairy tales. For the fairy tales, Irejected my own happiness and missed such a wonderful time. For a while, then,for all the power and brilliance of imagination, it should give way toreality."At 11 a.m. on August 4, 1875, Andersen passed away peacefully due to anincurable disease. Although Andersen is dead, his immortal spirit will bepassed on to generations of human descendants.

On August 3, 1923, Mr.Lu Xun published a collection of novels "Call to Arms""Call to Arms" is a collection of short stories by modernwriter Lu Xun, including 14 short stories written by Lu Xun from 1918 to 1922.These 14 novels truly depict the social life from the 1911 Revolution to theMay 4th Movement. Starting from revolutionary democracy, holding the purpose ofenlightenment and the spirit of humanitarianism, they reveal variousdeep-seated social contradictions, and have a negative impact on the oldChinese system. And some outdated traditional concepts have been deeplyanalyzed and relatively completely denied, showing a strong sense of urgencyfor the survival of the nation and a strong hope for social change.At the beginning of the 20th century, China was suffering from theinvasion of the world powers. The revolutionaries headed by Sun Yat-sencompletely overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty through the Revolution of1911. At this time, the young Lu Xun also realized that if he wanted to savethis nation, he should support the proletariat's way of saving the countrythrough literature. So, Lu Xun abandoned medicine and started literarycreation.Most of Lu Xun's works are easier to understand than classical Chinese,but there is a lot of depth behind them. In "The True Story of Ah Q",the inferiority of the Chinese people formed under the suffocation of feudalculture, Ah Q, who only understands "spiritual victory", and"Medicine" uses the blood of Xia Yu, who was killed by the ruler, totreat his son's illness. Lao Shuan, as well as Kong Yiji, who was incapable ofbeing able to do nothing and was destitute in "Kong Yiji", and whowas not admitted as a scholar who became a source of ridicule, all reflectedthe Chinese people at that time more or less, especially the kindness andignorance of their human beings.Lu Xun's works have the following characteristics: First, the diversityof character creation techniques. In the character creation, the author uses avariety of techniques to describe the characters, and creates a group oftypical characters with distinct personalities; second, the diversity ofartistic expression techniques can also feel the author's strong feelings inthe objective narrative; Third, the integration of Eastern and Western cultures,on the one hand, absorbs the advantages of the relatively flexible and diversestructure of Western novels, and on the other hand inherits the artisticessence of traditional Chinese novels; Every article, almost one has a newform.Lu Xun's cry was undoubtedly highly praised by many people. Li Dazhaosaid "Call to Arms" is the best novel in China; modern literarycritic Zheng Zhenduo said that "Call to Arms" is a rare work in theChinese literary world in recent years. Such a sneering and deep description,it seems that every word is carved on the wood with a knife. Mao Dun alsobelieved that in the new Chinese literary world, Mr. Lu Xun was often thepioneer in creating "new forms". Almost every one of the more thanten novels in "Call to Arms" has a new form, and these new forms havea great influence on young writers, and most of them must follow up to test;the title, genre, and style of "Call to Arms", Even the thoughtsinside are extremely novel, a new world opened up.Well, this is Lu Xun's "Call to Arms". This book will be passeddown through generations to generations.

On August 2, 1918, Johnston began to serve as the teacherof the last emperor PuyiJohnston was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1874. He graduated fromEdinburgh University and Oxford University, majoring in Modern History, EnglishLiterature and Jurisprudence. In 1898, Johnston was admitted to the BritishColonial Department after fierce competition, and was sent to Hong Kong as anOriental trainee in the same year. Due to his excellent Chinese proficiency,Johnston has been promoted continuously in the British Hong Kong government,and successively served as assistant to the auxiliary secretary and privatesecretary of the governor of Hong Kong. In 1904, recommended by Lockhart,Johnston was dispatched by the Colonial Department to Weihaiwei (now WeihaiCity, Shandong Province), where he was leased.Johnston, who first arrived in China, already had a solid foundation inOriental Studies, and soon fell in love with Chinese culture, history andcustoms. Famous mountains and rivers and famous temples and historical sites invarious provinces. Since then, Johnston has worked and lived in China for morethan 30 years as an official and a scholar.In 1901, Johnston published a book in London under the pseudonym LinShaoyang, "A Chinese Appeal to the Christian World on Christian MissionaryActivities", accusing the missionaries of the Christian Church of tryingto change China with religion, which caused fierce criticism from the Britishreligious circles. Calling him a "traitor of England" and "anodd man willing to live in the wild".The name "Zhuang Shidun" was the Chinese name he gave himselfafter he was in China, based on the Chinese transliteration of his Englishsurname. In addition, he also gave himself a Chinese style character "ZhiDao". Puyi's teacher Xu Shichang resigned from the post of "EmperorTeacher" because he was about to become the President of the Republic ofChina. On the recommendation of Li Jingmai, Li Hongzhang's second son, XuShichang negotiated with the British embassy on behalf of him and hiredJohnston, who was well versed in Chinese and Western, as Puyi's new teacher. InFebruary 1919, Johnston rushed to the capital after handling Weihai matters,and started his career as an imperial teacher. This year Puyi was 14 years oldand Johnston was 45 years old. Johnston stepped into the Forbidden City withadvanced Western thought and modern science, bringing a new atmosphere to thisancient palace. According to Puyi's autobiography "The First Half of MyLife", the young emperor was full of curiosity and reverence for this"Scottish old master" and the Western things he brought. Johnston wasdevoted to this special student and taught him what he knew.Under the influence of Johnston, Puyi learned some things from the West- eating Western food, wearing a suit, playing tennis, and riding a bicycle. Inaddition, Johnston also taught Puyi English, mathematics, geography and so on.Later, when Feng Yuxiang drove Puyi out of the palace, Puyi went to findthe Japanese and wanted to have a better relationship with them. Johnston fledto Tianjin with Puyi and took care of him until 1931. On the day Johnston left,Puyi also bid him farewell in the traditional way. Johnston died in hishometown of Edinburgh in 1938 at the age of 63.

On August 1, 1952, August FirstFilm Studio was establishedPerhaps, you area movie lover with a passion for movies that no one else has; Perhaps, you area director or screenwriter and are more satisfied with your career; Perhaps,you are an actor, enjoying the thrill of being integrated into the role... Inany case, movies, with the development of society and the progress of scienceand technology, are becoming more and more common, entering thousands ofhouseholds.At this moment,you may think, what famous film studios do we have in China? Of course, one ofthem is the Chinese People's Liberation Army August First Film Studio.Chinese People'sLiberation Army August First Film Studio, also known as the Film and TelevisionDepartment of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Culture and Arts Center, isthe only military film studio in China, founded on August 1, 1952, mainly toshoot military-themed films and television films, is a comprehensive filmstudio with the production of feature films, battlefield documentaries,military education films, news documentaries, national defense research films,television dramas and other types of production capacity.In March 1951,with the approval of the Cultural and Educational Committee of the CentralPeople's Government of the People's Republic of China and the Central MilitaryCommission, the Military Education Film Studio of the General PoliticalDepartment of the Central Military Commission was established.On August 1,1952, the factory was officially established and named the People's LiberationArmy Film Studio. In the early days of the factory, it mainly produced militaryeducation films and news documentaries. In 1955, the task of producing featurefilms was added. In 1956, because it was founded on August 1, and the FoundingDay was also the day, it was renamed August First Film Studio.The classicmovies of August First Factory are unforgettable memories for many people.There is the affection of "The Story of Liubao", the momentum of"Shining Red Star", the ingenuity of "Tunnel War", and thelegend of the classic translation and production of "Forrest Gump".Since itsestablishment, August First Film Studio has trained more than 160 directors,more than 300 actors, more than 200 photographers, 18 screenwriters and a groupof professional artistic and technical cadres who are active in the front lineof creation. In 1995, the 100th anniversary of the birth of world cinema andthe 90th anniversary of the birth of Chinese cinema, 15 directors, male actorsand actresses were selected as "Chinese Century Filmmakers" from thefilmmakers in the Chinese film industry from the birth of Chinese cinema to1995, and 5 artists from August First Factory received this honor; From thefilm actors of the 1990s, 126 "Chinese film stars" were selected, andAugust First factory and 11 actors who worked in August First factory wereselected. It can be seen that August First Factory is really a "talentcultivation base"!On February 2,2018, August First film studio merged with the former General Political AffairsSong and Dance Troupe, General Political Opera Troupe, General Political DramaTroupe, and General Political Military Orchestra to form the People'sLiberation Army Culture and Arts Center, and the August First Film Studio wasinternally renamed "Film and Television Production Department of thePeople's Liberation Army Culture and Arts Center", and was downgraded fromthe deputy army establishment unit to the main division.

On July 31, 1941, the GermanNazi Party began to implement the "final settlement" of the JewsIn early 1919,Anton Drexler founded the German Workers' Party. In the autumn of the sameyear, Hitler became a member of the German Workers' Party. On February 24, 1920the party announced the 25-point programme he had drafted in cooperation withDrexler and renamed it the National Socialist German Workers' Party, the NaziParty. The Nazi Party was outlawed after a failed beer hall coup in 1923 and rebuiltin February 1925. After reconstruction, the German people's dissatisfactionwith the Treaty of Versailles was used to incite German nationalist sentiments,and the number of party members soared, from 100,000 in 1928 to 1.4 million in1932. In the 1930-1932 parliamentary elections, the party's seats increasedfrom 12 to 230. The worldeconomic crisis of 1929-1933 laid the foundation for the development of theNazi movement. At that time, more and more monopoly capitalists supported theNazi Party. In 1932, the big bourgeoisie and the big landlords jointlypetitioned the President of the Weimar Republic, requesting that Hitler beappointed Chancellor. In 1933, Hitler successfully came to power. In this way,the Nazi Party became the ruling party. After Hitler came to power, heestablished a one-party dictatorship of the Nazi Party. The Nazi Party pursuedthe "purity" of race, society and culture. The Nazi Party achievedits goals by persecuting what it considered impure, especially against Jews,Gypsies, homosexuals, and politicians. Thus, after the outbreak of World WarII, Hitler began to think about how to eliminate the "impure" Jews. Around 1941,Hitler began to act. He first marked the Jews— making them wear star badges—and stripping the Jews of some of their rights. But that's obviously notenough. So, on July 31, 1941, Hitler began to act in action! He set up manyconcentration camps, sent troops to guard them, and violently pulled many Jewsinto them by train. The Jews who entered it seemed to have become slaves, andalthough they had to do a lot of labor every day, they never had enough to eat.Many Jews were starved to death and exhausted. Of course, that'snot all. Hitler later came up with an even more unconscionable idea—to poisonthe Jews. In the name of "bathing," he dragged the Jews into the gaschambers, then gassed them all to death.Accordingto incomplete statistics, as many as 6 million Jews were slaughtered during theSecond World War. On December 7, 1970,German Federal Chancellor Brandt visited Warsaw, Poland, and knelt down to layflowers at the Jewish Monument, conveying the atonement for the invaded Jewsfor their native Germany a signal of apology to the Jews who were harmed.

On July 30, 1470, Emperor Xiao ofMing was bornZhu Youcheng wasthe ninth emperor of the Ming Dynasty. His father was Zhu Jianshen and hismother was Empress Ji.When Zhu Youcheng'smother was pregnant, she was brutally attacked by Wan Guifei because she wasnot born to Wan Guifei. Originally, Wan Guifei asked the eunuch Zhang Min todrug Zhu Youcheng's mother to have an abortion, who knew that the eunuch ZhangMin pitied the mother and son, so she silently saved them, and also raised ZhuYoucheng with other eunuchs, palace women, and Zhu Youcheng's mother.When Zhu Youchengwas 6 years old, he met his father. The father, Zhu Jianshen, also liked thisson very much, because this was his only son. In this way, Zhu Youcheng spenthis youth under the protection of his father and became emperor at the age of18.However, what wasleft for Zhu Youcheng was a chaotic government and a withered nationalstrength. On this stage of the devastation deliberately arranged by heaven, ZhuYoucheng used his tolerance and diligence to turn the tide and let the MingDynasty get better.Although Zhu Youchengwas frail and sickly, he never went to the court late for a day. In addition tothe early dynasty, he also gathered the ministers at noon, which gave theministers more opportunities for exchanges and discussions with the emperor.At this time, theDongchang was too powerful and often oppressed the people. Zhu Youcheng triedhis best to suppress the development of the Dongchang, and also appointed alarge number of sages. In addition, Zhu Youcheng was not close to a woman, onlyhad one wife, unlike other emperors, all had plenty of harem beauties.Did Zhu Youchenghave any inventions? Of course! The toothbrush was invented by ZhuYoucheng. Before Zhu Youcheng becameemperor, it was very difficult for people to clean their teeth, and they werenot clean; However, after Zhu Youcheng invented the toothbrush, the cleaning ofteeth became convenient and simple. The next time you brush your teeth, youmust remember that this toothbrush was invented by the Ming Emperor Zhu Youcheng.In the laterperiod, Zhu Youcheng's body deteriorated, and he always wanted to eat theelixir to prolong his life. At this time, a treacherous villain approached himand prescribed him a "prescription", saying that he could prolong hislife, but Zhu Youcheng's health was even worse. There was a eunuch whocommitted suicide in fear of sin, and Zhu Youcheng thought that his family hada heavenly book or something, who knew that he had found out the embezzledmoney of the eunuch. Zhu Youcheng realized that he needed to change,reappointed the sages, and exerted great efforts to govern. Although the MingDynasty once again became better, Zhu Youcheng eventually died of overwork atthe age of 36.

On July 29, 2015, Microsoftofficially released the Windows 10 computer operating systemFrom the launchof the first Windows system in 1985 to the release of Windows 11 in 2021,unconsciously, the Microsoft Windows operating system has experienced more than30 years of ups and downs.The Windowssystem is an operating system based on the graphical user interface, so it isvery convenient to use and is loved by the masses of the people around theworld. When you press the power button of your computer and see an iconcomposed of 4 rectangles appear in front of you, you will probably think, thisis commonplace! But did you know that you are encountering an operating systemwith the highest market share, the largest usage, and a monopoly position inthe world's personal computer operating systems?On October 1,2014, Microsoft held a new product distribution meeting in San Francisco, showinga new generation of Windows operation system, named "Windows 10". Thisis the tenth generation of the Windows system, and it is also a huge leapforward, so Microsoft skipped Windows 9 and directly named the new systemWindows 10.On January 21,2015, Microsoft released a new generation of Windows systems in Washington,D.C., and said that it is available to all devices running Windows 7 andWindows 8.1, and users can enjoy free upgrade services in the first year afterthe release of Windows 10. In addition, Microsoft also removed third-partyplugins such as Adobe Flash Player in the Windows 10 update. The reason why theWindows 10 operating system is favored by many people is because of its ease ofoperation and many useful new features.Windows 10 addswindows Hello biometrics, Cortana, notification center and other usefulfeatures. In addition, the security of Windows 10 is also very high, which iswhy many enterprises will choose Windows 10 as the operating system of theiroffice computers.As a relativelysuccessful operating system in Windows, it is naturally loved by everyone.However, with the outbreak of the Russo-Ukrainian War, Microsoft stopped allsupport for Windows 10 users in Russia and banned them from using the service.One day in June 2022. There are even tens of thousands of Russian userssearching for the keyword "pirated Windows 10" on the Internet.The time isJanuary 2021. At this time, Microsoft released a new operating system, Windows11. However, the hardware configuration requirements for installing Windows 11are much higher than those of Windows 10. Because of this, there are still manyusers who use Windows 10 today. Windows 10 will surely go down in history aspart of a generation's unforgettable life.

On July 28, 1750, the famous German composer Bach passedawayJohann Sebastian Bach was born on March 21, 1685 and died on July 28,1750. he was born in Eisenach, Thuringia, Germany, and he was a German composerand keyboardist during the Baroque period.Bach studied in the choir in 1700, which seemed to have stimulated hismusical potential. In 1708, at the age of 23, Bach became an organist in acourt church. During his 9 years in office, he composed a large number of organpieces and cantatas, and studied French ancient piano music and Italian stringworks.In 1717, Bach was hired by Cotten as court musician and keyboardist atthe residence of Prince Leopold; During this period, Bach also composed a largenumber of secular instrumental works, such as violin concertos, various sonatas,suites, creative pieces, and of course the famous Brandenburg Concerto, as wellas the first volume of the Average Rhythm Piano Collection.Bach was married twice in his lifetime. On October 7, 1707, he and hiscousin Maria Barbara, who was a year his senior, had a relatively simplewedding in a small village less than a kilometer from Arnstadt. The family'slife is very happy. Of course, Bach also began in Germany in Kraton, which iswhere he worked, and had a small reputation. Unfortunately, in 1720, Maria diedat the age of 36.A year and a half after Maria's death, Bach married a second wife, courtsinger Anna Magdalina, who was 21 years younger than Bach. During their 28-yearlife, Anna Magdalina and Bach had a total of 13 children.During the 28 years of living with Anna, Bach became famous from a smallcelebrity, not only as a conductor of the orchestras of various cathedrals, butalso composed many famous pieces. Some of them have been passed down throughthe generations and have endured for a long time, and are still a must-haverepertoire for music discipline textbooks in various countries today!Because Bach was so famous, he often quarreled with some high-rankingofficials and nobles. On August 2, 1729, the Leipzig Municipal Council"reprimanded" Bach for disrespecting his superiors. Bach was helplessand expressed great disappointment with the municipal authorities. On April 7,1730, Luke's Passion was performed anonymously on Good Friday, supplemented byBach; On August 23, a simple and urgent statement on the improvement ofecclesiastical music, combined with some reflections on the decline ofecclesiastical music, was presented to the Leipzig Municipal Council, answeringthe "admonition" of the municipal authorities; On October 28, he wroteto a friend in Danzig with the intention of finding another position.From March 28 to 31 in 1750, he suffered from an eye disease, which wasfirst operated on by John Taylor, an ophthalmologist in London; From April 5 to8, he underwent the second surgery from Dr. Taylor, but unfortunately, theoperation failed. Subsequently, Bach went blind. During this time, his wifeAnna did not worry less about him. On July 22, the last communion ceremony washeld at home after a stroke. Finally, Bach died at 8:45 p.m. on July 28, 1750;On July 31, he was buried in the cemetery of John's Church.

The Shi Emperor ofLater Zhou Dynasty Chai Rong died on July 27, 959.Chai Rong was born on October 27, 921 anddied on July 27, 959. Chai Rong's surname was Chai. Later, because his adoptivefather Guo Wei's surname was Guo, Chai Rong changed his surname to Guo, andlater he changed his surname back to Chai. He was an outstanding politician inthe Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Under his rule, the Later ZhouDynasty had a period of rejuvenation.Chai Rong was born on October 27, 921 inChaijiazhuang, Yaoshan, Xingzhou, which is now a place in Longyao County,Xingtai, Hebei Province, China. Chai Rong's grandfather and father were famouslocal rich people. The Chai family had a lot of money. However, when Chai Rongwas a teenager, his family became poor, so he had to defect to his uncle GuoWei.Chai Rong helped Guo Wei deal with allkinds of affairs, so he was deeply liked by Guo Wei. At that time, Guo Wei'sfamily was not very rich, and Guo was sonless, so Guo took Chai Rong as hisadopted son. In order to help his family earn more money, Chai Rong did a teabusiness with a rich businessman. During this period, Chai Rong learned to rideand shoot, and studied history books and Huang Lao's theories in his sparetime, which was a gain.Time flied, and Chai Rong was an adult. Asan adult, he gave up his business and joined the army with his adoptive fatherGuo Wei. Soon after, the Later Han Dynasty was established, and Guo Wei andChai Rong were promoted.Unexpectedly, the Later Han emperor thoughtthat Guo Wei wanted to rebel, so he wanted to kill all Guo's relatives. Guo Weiand Chai Rong took a lot of effort to escape. The two immediately rebelledunder the name of "clear the emperor's side". In the end, Guo Wei andhis son won and established the Later Zhou Dynasty.Guo Wei became the founding emperor of theLater Zhou Dynasty. He tried his best to cure it, but unfortunately he died ofillness. Chai Rong became the second emperor of the following week. At thebeginning of Chai Rong's accession to the throne, he was strong and ambitious,determined to do a great cause in accordance with his adoptive father's lastwishes. He conquered You and Yan Kingdoms in the north, the Southern Tang Kingdomin the south, and Western Shu in the west, effectively deterring theseseparatist forces and consolidated the rule of the Later Zhou Dynasty.In addition, he was also a wise monarch.During Chai Rong's reign, the people lived and worked in peace and contentment,the population increased, grain output greatly increased, and the national strengthof the Later Zhou Dynasty was greatly strengthened!Unfortunately, Chai Rong died at the age of38. It's a pity that a generation of wise emperor passed away!

Today inHistory July 26, 2022Author：Aoran Li the STORYTELLEROn 26 July 1139, Afonso I becamea kingJuly 25 wasAfonso I's birthday, while today in 1139 was the day Afonso I became a king.I believe thatfor Afonso I, everyone should have a preliminary understanding. He was thefirst king of Portugal after independence and one of the longest-reigningrulers in Europe.Afonso I, who wasnow in his infancy, had two major problems to solve: his mother Teresa, whowanted to fight for his inheritance, and the Moors outside his domain.Although Teresa'sbehavior caused many people to be dissatisfied, due to her excessive power, thenobles thought of various ways to no avail. In the end, it was Afonso who wasclever and resourceful, because he was an adult, so he expelled his mother andher lover as a feudal lord (Afonso had not yet been king at the time). At thistime, his mother's ally Alfonso VII, King León, was still on the throne, whichwas also a big trouble. So Afonso and his cousin sent troops to fight and beatAlfonso VII's army to the ground! Alfonso VII never dared to harass Portugalagain, and later tried to reconcile with Afonso and recognize his status asking, which was exchanged for a period of stability.Internal worrieswere solved, and there was an external problem - the Moors. The Moors harassedthe Portuguese borders for a long time, which made Afonso I worried. When thesize of his army reached a certain level, Afonso I led an army to defeat theMoors. In the time that followed, Afonso I's struggles with the Moors tookplace frequently, but the Moors were clearly much more restrained than before,creating only minor frictions and never again producing a major rebellion.Now, all internaland external troubles have been solved. Afonso I then became king on July 26,1139 and proclaimed the independence of Portugal. But his position was notsecure, so he took some measures. Pope Innocent II was first recruited, and theOrder of the Knights Templar and Knights Hospitaller were placed in Portugal.As a result, his throne seemed to have been consolidated, but it was not until1179, when he was 70 years old, that Pope Alexander III recognized his throne.Afonso I openedup the territory of Portugal and was the founding king of Portugal, so peoplecalled himo Conquistador.

Today inHistory July 25, 2022Author：Aoran Li the STORYTELLEROn July 25, 1109, the first Kingof Portugal, Afonso I, was bornAfonso Henriques,born on July 25, 1109 and died on December 6, 1185. He was nicknamed theConqueror. He was the first king of Portugal after independence.Afonso Henriqueswas the son of the French lord Henry. Henry was awarded the title of Count ofPortugal by marrying Teresa, the illegitimate daughter of King Alfonso VI ofLeón, and was given the fiefdom between the Mondego and Douro rivers. WhenHenry died, young Afonso Henriques succeeded to the title of Count and wasproclaimed lord of the territory. Teresa had since become regent, but she hadfallen in love with the Galician nobleman Fernando Pérez, for whom she seemedto want to deprive Afonso of the inheritance. But in 1128, the adult AfonsoHenriques defeated his mother, forcing her and Perez to leave Portugal. In thisway, he gained undisputed dominion over the territory.With the supportof the cities, churches and knights in his domain, Afonso I began to struggleto get rid of his vassalship of León. He fought against King Alfonso VII ofLeón and declared himself Prince of Portugal in 1129. After a long period ofbrawl, Afonso I finally achieved his goal of making Portugal an independentkingdom in 1139 and proclaimed himself king. In 1143, Alfonso VII reconciledwith Afonso I and recognized him as king. In order to ensure this status,Afonso I offered Pope Innocent II to make Portugal a vassal of the pope.However, it was not in fact until 1179 that Pope Alexander III recognizedAfonso as king.On 26 July 1139,Afonso I defeated a Moorish army. Since then his attention has focused onfighting the Moors to expand his dominance. He achieved a series of victories:the capture of Santarém in 1147; With the help of the Second Crusades, whichhad marched to the Holy Land, Lisbon was captured in October of that year. Healso conquered some areas in the south of present-day Portugal. To help withportugal's future expansion, Afonso I managed to get the Knights Templar andKnights Hospitaller to set up divisions in Portugal. Afonso I shared power withhis son Sanshu I in his later years until his death in 1185. If you look at thetime of his succession to the Portuguese Count, he was one of thelongest-reigning rulers in Europe.

Today inHistory July 24, 2022Author：Aoran Li the STORYTELLEROn July 24, 1073, Zhou Dunyi passedawayZhou Dunyi wasborn on June 1, 1017, died on July 24, 1073, also known as Zhou Yuanhao,formerly known as Zhou Dunshi. He came from present-day Daoxian County, HunanProvince, known as Mr. Lianxi. Zhou Dunyi was one of the five masters of theNorthern Song Dynasty, the founder of the theoretical thought of the SongDynasty, a writer and philosopher.Zhou Dunyi had anolder brother Zhou Li, who was ten years older than him, an older sister ZhouJichun, who was five years older than him, and a younger brother Zhou Dunben,who was four years younger, and the relationship between the brothers andsisters was excellent. Unfortunately, his sister died of illness before she waseighteen, and his brother died of illness before he was eight years old. Thismakes Zhou Dunyi had a different view of some things than ordinary people sincehe was a child.When Zhou Dunyiwas 14 years old, he left his parents and followed a servant, with many booksand questions he did not understand, to Yueyan in Hunan to learn and understandphilosophies.However, lessthan a year later, Zhou Dunyi's father died. He and his mother traveledthousands of miles to defect to their uncle Zheng Xiang. Zhou Dunyi'sintelligence made his uncle love him. Zheng Xiang was soon allowed to make oneof his relatives a minor official, and he did not hesitate to choose ZhouDunyi.However, whenZhou Dunyi was promoted step by step, his mother and uncle died one afteranother. In accordance with her mother's will, Zhou Dunyi buried her in Runzhouwith her uncle Zheng Xiang. After that, Zhou Dunyi observed mourning for his's motherand uncle at the Helin Temple in Runzhou.At the end of thethree-year mourning period, Zhou Dunyi became the county order of ChenzhouCounty because he was generally praised by the people. He taught and ran aschool in his free time, and since everyone knew that he was veryknowledgeable, many people came to attend Zhou's classes. Among these disciplesof Zhou Dunyi, there were some sons of officials.Unfortunately,Zhou Dunyi's wife, Lu, died shortly after, when his eldest son, Zhou Shou, wasless than a year old. Later, Zhou Dunyi married a second wife, Pu. Three yearslater, the second son, Zhou Tao, was born.In June 1060,Zhou Dunyi was relieved of his post from Hezhou and returned to the capitalcity, where he met Wang Anshi, who was returning to the capital city to reportfor duty. They had admired each other for a long time, and in the capital, on aclear and moonlit night, Zhou Dunyi was invited to visit Wang Anshi. Wang Anshiwas full of reverence for Zhou Dunyi, who was four years older than himself. Somuch so that Zhou Dunyi left, he still reminisced and sighed for a long time,forgetting to sleep and eat. They met and talked, and both sides got new ideasfrom each other.In May 1063, ZhouDunyi was invited to hang out with a group of literary poets. Because of this,everyone met to write poems and essays. Zhou Dunyi wrote a 119-word essay inone stroke of his pen, which is the "The Language of Flowers". Thathas been passed down to later generations. This "The Language of Flowers"is still widely recited to this day, and has even been selected into China'slanguage teaching materials.In 1071, ZhouDunyi was promoted again, and in less than a year, the diligent governmentpatrolled around, and his went to almost everywhere in Guangdong.In 1072, ZhouDunyi unfortunately fell ill and settled in Jiangxi.On July 24, 1073,Zhou Dunyi's illness worsened and he died at the age of 56.Now, let's enjoy“The Language of Flowers”.The Language of FlowersZhou DunyiLoversof flowering plants and shrubs we have had by scores, but Tao Yuan-ming alonedevoted himself to the chrysanthemum. Since the opening days of the Tangdynasty, it has been fashionable to admire the peony; but my favorite is thewater-lily. How stainless it rises from its slimy bed! How modestly it reposeson the clear pool, An emblem of purity and truth, symmetrically perfect, itssubtle perfume is wafted far and wide, while there it rests in spotless state.Something to be regarded reverently from a distance, and not be profaned byfamiliar approach.Inmy opinion, the chrysanthemum is the flower of retirement and culture; thepeony, the flower of rank and wealth; the water-lily, the Lady Virtue sanspareille. Alas; few have loved the chrysanthemum since Tao Yuan-ming; and nonenow love the water-lily like myself; whereas the peony is a general favoritewith all mankind.

广州的第一个电灯被点亮了。如果对节目有意见，可以进行留言。不要不切实际的好评，要真实的感受！

Alexandra the Great was born.Welcome to write a review for our show!

第一届古代奥林匹克运动会。如果你对本节目有任何意见，可以在各大平台以评论的形式发出。

玛丽一世登基。

Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty was born on July 14, 156 BC.If you want to read the article of this episode, please email at ar2018thinkpad@outlook.com !