FP's First Person

FP Live host Ravi Agrawal is on the ground at the NATO summit in The Hague this week. He shares his take on how European leaders pledged to increase their defense spending in a bid to please U.S. President Donald Trump. But where is that money going to come from? Insider: A Debrief on the NATO Summit Ravi Agrawal: NATO Is Avoiding a Difficult Conversation  NATO Public Forum LIVE Fabian Hoffmann: A Russia-NATO War Would Look Nothing Like Ukraine Edward Lucas: America Will Miss Europe's Dependence When It's Gone Philip H. Gordon and Rebecca Lissner: How Trump Can Reset His Failed Ukraine Policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Conflict broke out between Israel and Iran on Friday, with Israel launching an attack on Iran's nuclear and military facilities and Iran responding in turn. Vali Nasr, a Middle East expert and professor at Johns Hopkins University, sits down with Ravi Agrawal to discuss. Nasr is the author, most recently, of Iran's Grand Strategy: A Political History.  FP Staff: Israel Strikes Iran Iselin Brady and Daniel Byman: How the Israel-Iran War Might End Steven A. Cook: Israel Is Going for the Death Blow on Iran Jeffrey Lewis: Nuclear Claims Are a Smoke Screen for Hopes of Toppling Iran John Haltiwanger: Iran's Military Just Lost Its ‘Brain Trust' Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Chinese exports of rare earths, a critical component in manufacturing high-end tech products, emerged as a key sticking point in this week's trade talks between Beijing and Washington. Underpinning all of this is the race for artificial intelligence supremacy. Who is winning this competition? Who is best placed to control the supply chains of all the components that go into the top chips and AI models? Jared Cohen and George Lee, the co-heads of the Goldman Sachs Global Institute, join FP Live. Note: This discussion is part of a series of episodes brought to you by the Goldman Sachs Global Institute. Jared Cohen: The AI Economy's Massive Vulnerability Rishi Iyengar & Lili Pike: Is It Too Late to Slow China's AI Development? Vivek Chilukuri: How the United States Can Win the Global Tech Race Brought to you by: nordvpn.com/fplive (Exclusive NordVPN Deal: Try it risk-free now with a 30-day money-back guarantee) Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Drones are playing an increasingly decisive role in conflicts around the world. Coupled with artificial intelligence and other technological advances, the very nature of warfare is transforming in front of our eyes. Are countries and their policymakers prepared?  Mara Karlin, former assistant secretary of defense under U.S. President Joe Biden, joins FP Live to share her insights. Karlin is also the author of The Inheritance: America's Military After Two Decades of War. John Haltiwanger: Drones are Transforming South Asian Warfare Stephen M. Walt: Ukraine's Drone Attack Doesn't Matter Christian Caryl: The Ukrainians' New Way of War Mara Karlin: The Inheritance: America's Military After Two Decades of War Stanley McChrystal and Anshu Roy: AI Has Entered the Situation Room Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Gen Z has come of age amid a pandemic, growing polarization, and deep distrust of bureaucratic institutions. How does this shape their political and economic views? Do they still believe in the American Dream? Economic analyst and author Kyla Scanlon joins FP Live to discuss. Suggested reading: Institute of Politics: Spring 2025 Harvard Youth Poll Kyla Scanlon: Gen Z and the End of Predictable Progress Kyla Scanlon: FAFOnomics: How Chaos Became America's Economic Strategy Kyla Scanlon: Dollar Devaluation and the Antisystem Youth Kyla Scanlon: In This Economy? How Money and Markets Really Work? Kathleen J. McInnis: How to Sell NATO to Gen Z Joseph E. Stiglitz: Big Tech Is Trying to Prevent Debate About Its Social Harms Jeongmin Kim: Why Young Koreans Love to Splurge Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Earlier this week, thousands of Palestinians stormed an aid distribution site in Gaza, underlining the ongoing humanitarian crisis there and prompting the question: Why isn't the world doing more? Martin Griffiths served as the undersecretary-general for humanitarian affairs and emergency relief coordinator at the United Nations from 2021 until 2024. He is currently with the Mediation Group International and joins Ravi Agrawal to push for solutions to the multiple crises spanning our globe. Suggested reading: Neha Wadekar: The World's Refugee Relief Is Utterly Broken David E. Rosenberg: The Old War Is Over in Gaza, and a New One Is Underway Michael Hirsh: A New Authoritarian Era in the Mideast? Robbie Gramer: How the U.S. Fumbled Sudan's Hopes for Democracy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

**Hello listeners, an earlier version of this episode contained glitches due to an upload error. If you hear breaks in the audio, please download the episode again for the corrected version. Thanks for listening, and we apologize for the mishap!** Is Trump's Middle East Policy a Break From the Past? Last week, U.S. President Donald Trump visited three countries in the Middle East—Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Qatar—on the first scheduled foreign trip of his second term. While many of the headlines from the trip focused on the 747 jetliner Qatar donated for use as Air Force One, it's probably more notable that Trump rejected decades of Western intervention in the region and declared that there would be “no more lectures” from America. Is the Trump administration re-aligning American priorities in the region? F. Gregory Gause, visiting scholar at the Middle East Institute, joins FP Live to discuss why the Gulf monarchies are rising in importance.  Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Howard W. French: What Trump Got Right in the Middle East Agathe Demarais: The U.S. Economy Is Now Trump Enterprises Michael Hirsh: A New Authoritarian Era in the Mideast? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

U.S. President Donald Trump came to office promising mass deportations of undocumented immigrants, but he hasn't actually hit the numbers he said he would. Is that because it's harder than it sounds, or are more plans in the works? And what will Trump's immigration policy do to America's standing in the world? Janet Napolitano, a former governor of Arizona and secretary of homeland security under President Barack Obama, joins FP Live to share her experience managing the issue of illegal immigration.  Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Jonathan M. Katz: Trump's Deportation Machine Takes Shape Christina Noriega: Trump's Aid Freeze Is Undermining His Immigration Policy Daniel B. Baer: Trump's Brain Drain Will Be Europe's Gain Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Two nuclear-armed countries, India and Pakistan, are locked in their most serious conflict in two decades. Early Wednesday morning, after weeks of pledging to retaliate for the deadliest terrorist attack in more than a decade, India launched missiles across its border into Pakistan. Meanwhile, Pakistan claims it took down Indian fighter jets and has vowed to respond. FP's Ravi Agrawal asks Tanvi Madan, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, how far tensions could spiral. They discuss the options for de-escalation and what role external powers can play. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Ravi Agrawal: How India and Pakistan Can Pull Back From the Brink Rishi Iyengar: A Tale of Four Fighter Jets Sumit Ganguly: What Is the Risk of a Conflict Spiral Between India and Pakistan? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

To mark the first 100 days of the second Trump White House, we have a special ask-me-anything episode. Amid a firehose of news, which policies will endure, and which are purely rhetorical? How does Foreign Policy find the signal in the noise? FP Live's executive producer, Dana Sherne, turns the tables on host Ravi Agrawal as he assesses the implications of President Donald Trump's foreign policy. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Ravi Agrawal: Trump Is Ushering In a More Transactional World Stephen M. Walt: Trump Is Not a Revolutionary Daniel Treisman: The Deep Familiarity of Donald Trump Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

April 29 marks the 100th day of U.S. President Donald Trump's second term. What do foreign policy experts make of his administration's performance so far, as it continues to wage a trade war, reshape long-standing diplomatic relationships with allies and alliances, and advance a new world order? FP columnist Emma Ashford sits down with Ravi Agrawal to discuss. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Emma Ashford: Four Explanatory Models for Trump's Chaos Emma Ashford and Matthew Kroenig: Is the World Overreacting to Trump? Nicholas Bequelin: The Key to Understanding Trump's Chaotic Foreign Policy John J. Mearsheimer in Foreign Affairs: Why the Ukraine Crisis Is the West's Fault Brought to you by: nordvpn.com/fplive Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The rollout of the Trump administration's tariffs has rattled markets, prompting questions of what these protectionist policies mean for the global economy moving forward. Two top experts on globalization join FP Live to share their thoughts. Elisabeth Braw is an FP columnist and the author of Goodbye Globalization: The Return of a Divided World. And Eswar Prasad is a trade scholar and professor at Cornell University. We want to hear from you! Help us shape the future of FP Live by sharing your thoughts on the show by clicking here. Contact us anytime at live@foreignpolicy.com. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Transcript: Is the World Going to Deglobalize? Elisabeth Braw: What's the Cost of Doing Business Under Trump? Eswar Prasad: The World Will Regret Its Retreat From Globalization Joseph E. Stiglitz: Play by the Rules Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The U.S.-China trade war has rattled the global economy, and there's little sign of de-escalation. What does this mean for their respective economies? Where does this end? The Council on Foreign Relations' Zongyuan Zoe Liu and the Center for Strategic and International Studies' Scott Kennedy join FP Live to discuss. We want to hear from you! Help us shape the future of FP Live by sharing your thoughts on the show by clicking here. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free):  Scott Kennedy: Why Beijing Thinks It Can Beat Trump Deng Yuwen: Why Beijing Is Standing Up to Trump Howard W. French: Trump's Tariffs Are a Gift to Xi Lili Pike and Christina Lu: Can Washington and Beijing Walk Back Their Trade War? Lizzi C. Lee: How China Should Handle Trump's Tariffs James Palmer: China May Have a Revenge List for Tariff Wars Cameron Abadi and Adam Tooze: How Tariffs on China Brought Back Decoupling With a Vengeance Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The race is on to dominate the artificial intelligence economy, making the need for safeguards ever more pressing. Jared Cohen, the president of global affairs at Goldman Sachs, joins FP Live to discuss the potential risks and benefits of this growing market—and how so-called geopolitical swing states play an increasingly important role. This conversation was taped earlier this week, before the Trump administration's announcement of the 90-day suspension of reciprocal tariffs. We want to hear from you! Help us shape the future of FP Live by sharing your thoughts on the show by clicking here. Note: This discussion is part of a series of episodes brought to you by the Goldman Sachs Global Institute. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free):  Jared Cohen: The AI Economy's Massive Vulnerability Jared Cohen: The Next AI Debate Is About Geopolitics  Becca Wasser and Josh Wallin: Build Allied AI, or Risk Fighting Alone Peter Dombrowski and Bruce Jones: A New Era of Undersea Conflict Is Here Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Two leading economists debate the potential trade-offs of the Trump administration's tariffs that are now roiling markets. Oren Cass, the founder of American Compass, joins Kimberly Clausing, a professor at UCLA, to discuss what this all means for the United States and the global economy.  We want to hear from you! Help us shape the future of FP Live by sharing your thoughts on the show by clicking here. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free):  Wendy Cutler: How Countries Should Respond to Trump's Tariffs Bob Davis: Trump Has the Whole Global Trade System in His Sights Michael Hirsh: Tariffs Can Actually Work—if Only Trump Understood How Lili Pike: Trump Threatens China With New 50 Percent Tariffs Joseph Rachman: Trump's Tariffs Crush the ASEAN Economic Model Transcript: The Case for Trump's Tariffs Edward Alden: Trump's Wanton Tariffs Will Shatter the World Economy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Legal scholars argue that the Trump administration's push to curtail the power of the U.S. judiciary mirrors moves by several authoritarian governments around the world. What does this mean for the United States' court system and the rule of law? And what can be learned from global advocacy and civil society defying these trends? Political scientist Andrew O'Donohue joins FP Live to share his findings. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free):  Andrew O'Donohue: The U.S. Judicial Crisis Is Uniquely Dangerous Julian E. Zelizer: Why Republicans Love Strong Presidents David E. Rosenberg: Can Israel's Highest Court Stop Netanyahu? Halil Karaveli: Erdogan Is Trying to Divide and Conquer Turkey's Opposition Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Several of the world's wealthiest men stood behind Donald Trump as he was inaugurated for a second term, contradicting his image as a populist president. This prompts the question, how much influence do the wealthy have on U.S. politics? Democratic Sen. Chris Murphy joins FP Live to share his take on the state of U.S. democracy, and whether the United States is becoming more corrupt, to mark the launch of Foreign Policy's latest print issue: “Billionaire Rule.” Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free):  Spring 2025 Print Issue: Billionaire Rule Jodi Vittori: Is America a Kleptocracy? Adam Tooze: Elon Musk's First Principles James Crabtree: How Modi and Trump Treat Billionaires Differently Priya Satia: The Deep Roots of Oligarchy James Palmer: Did China Get Billionaires Right? Andrew O'Donohue: The U.S. Judicial Crisis Is Uniquely Dangerous Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Trump administration has dramatically shifted the United States' long-standing relationship with Europe, pushing it to shore up its own defense. How is the continent grappling with these changes? And what does it mean for its policies, both foreign and domestic? Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free):  Kishore Mahbubani: It's Time for Europe to Do the Unthinkable Transcript: The Speech That Stunned Europe Edward Lucas: Comrade Trump Ivo H. Daalder: It's Time for a New Trans-Atlantic Bargain Michael Hirsh: On Ukraine, Split the Difference Between Trump and Biden Anchal Vohra: Europe's Economic Decoupling From America Is Underway Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Geopolitical risk analyst Ian Bremmer joins FP Live to assess U.S. President Donald Trump's first 50 days in office and how it is impacting the world. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Ravi Agrawal: Trump Is Ushering In a More Transactional World Daniel C. Kurtzer and Aaron David Miller: Lessons from the Trump-Zelensky Confrontation Howard W. French: Trump's Plan for a Greatly Diminished America Daniel W. Drezner: Does the Madman Theory Actually Work? Stephen M. Walt: What I Got Wrong About Trump's Second Term Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

With so much of the focus in recent weeks on the Trump administration's policies toward Europe, where does that leave the broader trajectory of the U.S.-China relationship? Expert and former Biden administration official Rush Doshi sits down with Ravi Agrawal to discuss. Doshi is currently the C.V. Starr senior fellow for Asia studies and director of the China Strategy Initiative at the Council on Foreign Relations.  Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Rush Doshi: Long Game: China's Grand Strategy to Displace American Order Lili Pike: Trump's Europe Shock Creates an Opening for China Lili Pike: Did Biden Get China Right? James Crabtree: Trump Could Make China Great Again Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

“I don't give up on Trump. I do think that, for the wrong reasons, we can get him to do the right things” says former Human Rights Watch chief Kenneth Roth. Roth sits down with Ravi Agrawal to share his take on human rights today amid democratic backsliding, ongoing conflict, and a new U.S. administration on the world stage. Roth led Human Rights Watch for nearly 30 years and is the author of Righting Wrongs: Three Decades on the Front Lines Battling Abusive Governments. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Transcript: Can the World Do Anything About Conflict in 2025? Pankaj Mishra: How Gaza Shattered the West's Mythology Matthew M. Kavanagh and Luis Gil Abinader: Abolishing USAID Is Both Unconstitutional and Disastrous Brought to you by: https://incogni.com/foreignpolicy. Use promo code "foreignpolicy" to get an exclusive 60% off an annual plan. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Finnish President Alexander Stubb sits down with Ravi Agrawal on the sidelines of the annual Munich Security Conference to discuss European security in Trump 2.0. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Transcript: Finland's President: Trump's Strategy ‘Is a Bit of a Seesaw' Transcript: The Speech That Stunned Europe C. Raja Mohan: India Sees Opportunities as Trump Jettisons the Western Order James Crabtree: Trump Could Make China Great Again Kishore Mahbubani: It's Time for Europe to Do the Unthinkable Kristi Raik: Europe's 4 Different Ways of Handling Trump Bojan Pancevski and Alexander Ward: Vance Wields Threat of Sanctions, Military Action to Push Putin Into Ukraine Deal Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How history will weigh the war in Gaza, with author Pankaj Mishra. Mishra recently previewed his new book on the subject with Foreign Policy, in a piece titled “How Gaza Shattered the West's Mythology.” He shares more now with Ravi Agrawal. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Pankaj Mishra: The World After Gaza: A History Pankaj Mishra: How Gaza Shattered the West's Mythology David E. Rosenberg: Why Gaza Is Israel's Forever War Ran Greenstein: Settler Colonialism Isn't What You Think It Is Howard W. French: Why Are We Ignoring Human Rights Criticism of Israel? FP Contributors: What Trump's Gaza Plan Means for the World Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

U.S. President Donald Trump began his second term with rapid-fire proposals ranging from invading Greenland to imposing tariffs on top trading partners. How are these moves being viewed globally? FP Live host Ravi Agrawal is joined by three experts, spanning three continents, to learn more. Nathalie Tocci serves as the director of the Italian think tank Istituto Affari Internazionali. Former Singaporean diplomat Kishore Mahbubani is an author and geopolitical analyst. And Ed Luce is a columnist for the Financial Times. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Ravi Agrawal: Trump is Ushering In a More Transactional World Emma Ashford and Jennifer Kavanagh: Europe Isn't Ready for Trump 2.0 Matthew M. Kavanagh and Luis Gil Abinader: Abolishing USAID Is Both Unconstitutional And Disastrous Stephen M. Walt: What IR Theory Predicts About Trump 2.0 Edward Alden: Trump Will Be His Own Trade Czar Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

At a White House press briefing on Tuesday, the Trump administration maintained that it would impose a 25 percent tariff on imports from Mexico and Canada on Feb. 1. This comes after announcing a 10 percent duty on China earlier in the week. Trade and capital expert Brad Setser is skeptical that it will follow through, though, saying that the economic ramifications of tariffs at that scale would be a “ pretty bloody big shock.” Setser sits down with host Ravi Agrawal to share more. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Aaron L. Friedberg: Tariffs Are a Scalpel, Not a Hammer Wendy Cutler: How Trump Could Strike a Trade Deal With China Keith Johnson: How to Read Trump's Day-One Trade Actions Scott Kennedy: Markets Are Underpricing the Possibility of a U.S.-China Economic War Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

FP Live host Ravi Agrawal kicked off a lively discussion on the new frontiers of cybersecurity at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. He was joined by panelists Samir Saran, president of the Observer Research Foundation; Matthew Prince, co-founder and CEO of Cloudflare; Andrius Kubilius, European commissioner for defense and space; Joe Kaeser, chairman of Siemens Energy's supervisory board; and Mirjana Spoljaric Egger, president of the International Committee of the Red Cross. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Minxin Pei: China's Secret to Controlling the Internet Rishi Iyengar: North Korea Does More Cyberspying Than You Think Dmytro Kuleba: The Fight For Ukraine Is Forging a New World Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Immigration was a top issue among voters in the 2024 U.S. election, with President-elect Donald Trump calling for the “largest deportation operation in American history.” And with the incoming administration expected to take action as soon as Trump returns to office, what are the possible ramifications of this policy? Edward Alden, author of the recent book When the World Closed its Doors: The COVID-19 Tragedy and the Future of Borders, joins host Ravi Agrawal to share his insights. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Transcript: Will Trump Actually Deport Millions of Undocumented Workers Edward Alden: When the World Closed Its Doors Edward Alden: The Great Deportation of 2025 Howard W. French: The U.S. Can't Afford to Be a Bad Neighbor Christina Lu: What Trump's Mass Deportations Would Mean for the U.S. Economy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

FP Live is joined by Comfort Ero, the president and CEO of the International Crisis Group, as she details the 2025 edition of “10 Conflicts to Watch.” From Sudan to Myanmar, Haiti, Ukraine, Iran, and beyond, why is the world facing so many crises at once, and how can it solve them? Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Comfort Ero and Richard Atwood: 10 Conflicts to Watch in 2025 Aaron David Miller and Lauren Morganbesser: Why the Gulf States Might Feature Prominently in Trump's Foreign Policy Raphael S. Cohen: China and North Korea Throw U.S. War Plans Out the Window Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Pundits love calling President-elect Trump's leadership “transactional.” But is that true? FP editor in chief Ravi Agrawal shares his take in this audio essay from the upcoming print issue of Foreign Policy's magazine. Take a listen. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Kori Schake: Why Biden's Foreign Policy Fell Short Raghuram Rajan: Isolationism Won't Make Anyone Great Again Adam Tooze: America Is Locked in a New Class War Daniel W. Drezner: Does the Madman Theory Actually Work? Ravi Agrawal: Trump Is Ushering In a More Transactional World Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Fareed Zakaria, host of CNN's Fareed Zakaria GPS and the author of Age of Revolutions: Progress and Backlash from 1600 to the Present, sits down with host Ravi Agrawal to look ahead to 2025.  Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free):  Fareed Zakaria Looks Back at 2024 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

National security analyst and former Trump administration official Elbridge Colby joined FP Live earlier this year to share his take on what a second Trump term could mean for foreign policy. He was recently tapped to be the under secretary of defense for policy in the incoming administration. As such, he will be an integral part of Trump's decision-making—making this episode newly relevant.  Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Transcript: Decoding Trump's Foreign Policy Elbridge Colby, Mackenzie Eaglen, and Roger Zakheim: How to Trim the Defense Budget Without Harming U.S. Security (2020) Elbridge Colby and David Ochmanek: How the United States Could Lose a Great-Power War (2019) Elbridge Colby: How to Win America's Next War (2019) FP Staff: The Trump Transition Begins Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This year closed out with ongoing conflicts in Gaza, Ukraine, and Sudan, and numerous incumbents forced out after a record year of elections around the world. Fareed Zakaria, author of Age of Revolutions: Progress and Backlash from 1600 to the Present, joins FP Live to reflect on the year and share his insights on what these trends could mean for our liberal global world order. Zakaria is also the host of CNN's Fareed Zakaria GPS. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free):  Transcript: The End of Left Versus Right Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Top humanitarian aid official and longtime diplomat Samantha Power discusses lessons learned from her post at USAID and what she'd like to share with the next administration in this bonus episode. This conversation was taped before the passage of last week's Continuing Resolution. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Walter Kerr and Amanda Arch: U.S. Foreign Aid Is Broken but Fixable  Agathe Demarais: Aid Is the Next Battleground Between China and the West Laura Thornton: How a Second Trump Term Will Redefine Foreign Aid Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The incoming Trump administration is expected to gut a key piece of President Biden's climate legacy: the Inflation Reduction Act. How will rolling this law back shape energy policy in the future? And what does this mean for the Paris Climate Accords? The Biden administration's top climate diplomat, John Podesta, joins FP Live to discuss.  Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free):       Transcript: Will Trump Dismantle Biden's Clean Energy Initiative Cameron Abadi and Adam Tooze: The Complicated Legacy of Biden's Climate Legislation Tim Hirschel-Burns: On Climate, Paying Now Is Cheaper Than Paying Later Jason Bordoff and David R. Hill: The Key to a Successful Trump Energy Agenda Is Electricity Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Inside a nontraditional war: the chip wars. Can Trump's tariffs stop China's efforts to catch up on semiconductor production? How will the AI boom change the game? The leading expert on semiconductor competition, Chris Miller, joins FP Live to discuss the state of the tech race and the impact of a second Trump administration.  Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Rishi Iyengar: Everyone Wants a Chip Factory Chris Miller: Biden Opens Sneaky New Front in Trade War Against China Vivek Chilukuri: America Needs Clear Standards for China Tech Decoupling Chris Miller in the Financial Times: The global chip war could turn into a cloud war Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

For most Middle East watchers, the big news last week was that after nearly 14 months of war, Israel and Hezbollah signed a cease-fire agreement. But before the ink on that agreement was dry, another big shift was afoot: Rebel groups in Syria took control of the country's second-largest city, Aleppo, in less than four days of battle. Middle East expert Fawaz Gerges joins FP Live to discuss the regional and global implications. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Jeremy Hodge and Hussein Nasser: A Weak Assad Benefits Turkey—and Is a Headache for Trump Hamidreza Azizi and Nicole Grajewski: What the Fall of Aleppo Means for Russia The Guardian: One year on from 7 October, our panel considers: what next for the Middle East? Nathan J. Robinson: Biden Didn't Really Try to End the War in Gaza Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The global target of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius looks increasingly unlikely. What approaches to solving the climate crisis can best provide solutions? FP deputy editor Cameron Abadi joins FP Live to debut his new book: Climate Radicals: Why Our Environmental Politics Isn't Working, which compares the policies of Germany and the United States. He shares what he has learned with Ravi Agrawal. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Cameron Abadi and Adam Tooze: Is Climate Activism Working? Christina Lu: COP29 Kicks Off Under Trump's Shadow Cameron Abadi: Hard Truths Come for Germany's Climate Prophet Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

U.S. President-elect Donald Trump is the self-proclaimed “tariff man.” On the campaign trail, he talked about tariffs of 20 percent on goods from most countries and 60 percent on those from China. Now, tariffs have trade-offs, especially domestically. To break it down, Ravi Agrawal is joined by a conservative economist who has long made the case for tariffs: Oren Cass, founder and chief economist of American Compass. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Matthew Kroenig: Why the World Should Stop Worrying About a Second Trump Term Keith Johnson: Everything You Wanted to Know About Trump's Tariffs But Were Afraid to Ask Transcript: Economist Adam Posen on How Trump and Harris Differ on Economic Policy Transcript: Biden Advisor Heather Boushey on Whether Bidenomics Is Trying to Do Too Much Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Trump's election can be interpreted as a change election, signaling the rejection of things as they were. But what does all this change mean for the world? How are countries and companies navigating new geopolitical risks with Trump's win? In a bonus episode, FP's Ravi Agrawal puts these questions to the world's foremost geopolitical risk expert, Ian Bremmer. He's also the president and founder of Eurasia Group, as well as GZERO Media.  Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Ian Bremmer: The Global Credibility Gap Ian Bremmer: The Next Global Superpower Isn't Who You Think Carl Bildt: Trump's Dealmaking Record Could Be Bad News for Ukraine Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

U.S. President-elect Donald Trump is moving rapidly to nominate loyalists to key administration positions. How much do these choices matter? And what do his personnel choices mean for our assessments of his foreign policy? Conservative scholar Kori Schake sits down with Ravi Agrawal to share what we might expect from a second Trump term. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Transcript: How Much Do Trump's Personnel Choices Matter? FP Staff: Trump's Foreign-Policy Influencers Stephen M. Walt: The 10 Foreign-Policy Implications of the 2024 U.S. Election Kori Schake: North Korea Joining Russia's War Is a Sign of Weakness Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What was supposed to be one of the closest elections in history ended early Wednesday morning with a decisive victory for former U.S. President Donald Trump. The election took place against a backdrop of a particularly divided and polarized electorate. Does history have any precedents or lessons for the current moment?  Join FP's Ravi Agrawal in conversation with historians Julian E. Zelizer and Joanne Freeman. Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): FP Staff: What Trump's Win Means for U.S. Foreign Policy Julian E. Zelizer: When Did Democrats Lose the Working Class? Michael Hirsh: Why She Lost Barbara F. Walter: Could Civil War Erupt in America? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

As China's influence grows in Asia and around the world, how will the next U.S. president manage Washington's most important relationship? And beyond China, how do Donald Trump and Kamala Harris compare in their approach toward other Asian countries? In the fifth and final episode of a special election series, FP's Ravi Agrawal speaks with Ryan Hass and Lynn Kuok.  Suggested reading (FP links are paywall-free): Lili Pike: How Does the U.S.-China ‘Cold War' End? Agathe Demarais: Why China Is Rooting for Trump Derek Grossman: The Once Wobbly Quad Is Here to Stay Sumit Ganguly and Dinsha Mistree: Modi's Third-Term Foreign Policy Looks the Same Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices