Podcasts about Diplomacy

Walker interviews U.S. Coast Guard Commander Steven Hulse about his Proceedings article, “Bases on the Aleutians Islands Would Project Power Across the Pacific.” Hulse discusses his own experience operating in the Aleutians as a cutterman, and why they are still strategically relevant. Download Sea Control 592: The US Coast Guard in the Aleutian Islands with … Continue reading Sea Control 592: The US Coast Guard in the Aleutian Islands with Steven Hulse →

The red flowered plant that shows up everywhere at this time of year–I saw a forest of them in Wegman's this morning– is called in Mexico the cuetlaxochitl, or the noche buena; but Americans know it by as the namesake of man who introduced it to the United States: poinsettia. Yet Joel Roberts Poinsett was a more interesting organism than that plant given his name. He was a South Carolinian who spent years away from the state, and was a committed nationalist and anti-nullifier; a world traveller when few Americans were; a slaveowner who other slaveowners regarded as potentially anti-slavery; an international investor who also labored for South Carolina local improvements; a diplomat who spent years if not decades trying to find a way to be a soldier. And that's leaving a few facets of his identity out. As my guest Lindsay Schackenbach Regele sums him up, “He was not the same, anywhere.”Lindsay Schakenbach Regele is with me to discuss Joel Poinsett, his era, and what he reveals about it. She was previously on the podcast in a conversation that dropped on April 3, 2019, which focused on her book Manufacturing Advantage: War, the State, and the Origins of American Industry, 1776–1848 (Hopkins, 2019). Her latest book is Flowers, Guns, and Money: Joel Roberts Poinsett and the Paradoxes of American Patriotism, and it is the focus of our conversation today.For more information and links, to to our Substack at www.historicallythinking.org00:00 – Introduction 00:22 – Joel Roberts Poinsett: A Complex Figure 02:47 – Early Life: A Loyalist Family's Journey05:19 – Education in New England and England 06:50 – European Travels and Grand Tour 08:56 – Mission to Latin America 11:11 – Journey Down the Volga River 13:38 – Botanical Interests and Scientific Pursuits 18:34 – Secret Agent in South America 21:41 – Supporting Independence Movements 23:38 – Return to South Carolina 25:24 – South Carolina Politics and Public Works 26:32 – First Mission to Mexico 30:02 – Masonic Lodges and Political Influence 32:43 – Mining Investments and Financial Dealings 35:57 – The Nullification Crisis 42:35 – Understanding Nullifiers vs. Anti-Nullifiers 46:15 – Secretary of War 47:44 – The Trail of Tears and Indian Removal 50:38 – The Seminole War and Bloodhounds 51:44 – Later Life: Cuba and Final Years 54:06 – Evaluating Poinsett's Legacy 57:36 – Meeting Tocqueville59:48 – Next Project: Francisco Miranda 1:02:28 – Closing

The red flowered plant that shows up everywhere at this time of year–I saw a forest of them in Wegman's this morning– is called in Mexico the cuetlaxochitl, or the noche buena; but Americans know it by as the namesake of man who introduced it to the United States: poinsettia. Yet Joel Roberts Poinsett was a more interesting organism than that plant given his name. He was a South Carolinian who spent years away from the state, and was a committed nationalist and anti-nullifier; a world traveller when few Americans were; a slaveowner who other slaveowners regarded as potentially anti-slavery; an international investor who also labored for South Carolina local improvements; a diplomat who spent years if not decades trying to find a way to be a soldier. And that's leaving a few facets of his identity out. As my guest Lindsay Schackenbach Regele sums him up, “He was not the same, anywhere.”Lindsay Schakenbach Regele is with me to discuss Joel Poinsett, his era, and what he reveals about it. She was previously on the podcast in a conversation that dropped on April 3, 2019, which focused on her book Manufacturing Advantage: War, the State, and the Origins of American Industry, 1776–1848 (Hopkins, 2019). Her latest book is Flowers, Guns, and Money: Joel Roberts Poinsett and the Paradoxes of American Patriotism, and it is the focus of our conversation today.For more information and links, to to our Substack at www.historicallythinking.org00:00 – Introduction 00:22 – Joel Roberts Poinsett: A Complex Figure 02:47 – Early Life: A Loyalist Family's Journey05:19 – Education in New England and England 06:50 – European Travels and Grand Tour 08:56 – Mission to Latin America 11:11 – Journey Down the Volga River 13:38 – Botanical Interests and Scientific Pursuits 18:34 – Secret Agent in South America 21:41 – Supporting Independence Movements 23:38 – Return to South Carolina 25:24 – South Carolina Politics and Public Works 26:32 – First Mission to Mexico 30:02 – Masonic Lodges and Political Influence 32:43 – Mining Investments and Financial Dealings 35:57 – The Nullification Crisis 42:35 – Understanding Nullifiers vs. Anti-Nullifiers 46:15 – Secretary of War 47:44 – The Trail of Tears and Indian Removal 50:38 – The Seminole War and Bloodhounds 51:44 – Later Life: Cuba and Final Years 54:06 – Evaluating Poinsett's Legacy 57:36 – Meeting Tocqueville59:48 – Next Project: Francisco Miranda 1:02:28 – Closing

As global powers double down on militarism and defense, Daniel Zoughbie argues that the most transformative force in the Middle East has always come from citizen diplomacy. A complex-systems scientist and diplomatic historian, Zoughbie joins Mark Labberton to explore how twelve U.S. presidents have "kicked the hornet's nest" of the modern Middle East. Drawing on his work in global health and his new book Kicking the Hornet's Nest: U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East from Truman to Trump, Zoughbie contrasts the view from refugee camps and microclinic networks with the view from the Oval Office, arguing that American security rests on a three-legged stool of defense, diplomacy, and development. He explains why Gerald Ford stands out as the lone president who truly leveraged diplomacy, how the Marshall Plan model of enlightened self-interest can guide policy now, and why nationalism, not mere economics, lies at the heart of Gaza's future. Throughout, he presses listeners toward "citizen diplomacy" that resists pride, militarism, and fatalism. Episode Highlights "We've constantly ignored diplomacy." " You don't have to be enemies with people to get them to do what is in their own self-interest." "You can build skyscrapers in Gaza. You can build the Four Seasons in Gaza and it's not going to work. You're just going to have another war until you address that core issue of nationalism." "These three Ds defense diplomacy development are the three legged stool of American security and we know how important diplomacy and development are." "From Truman to Trump, only one president, and that is Gerald Ford, surprisingly the only unelected president, gets this right." "Pride—national pride, the pride of any one individual—is toxic. It's toxic to the individual. It's toxic to the nation. It's toxic to the world." "Foreign policymaking is not just something for secretaries of state and those in power. All of us in a democracy have a role to play." Helpful Links and Resources Kicking the Hornet's Nest: U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East from Truman to Trump https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Kicking-the-Hornets-Nest/Daniel-E-Zoughbie/9781668085226 American University of Beirut (founded as Syrian Protestant College), a key example of long-term educational diplomacy https://www.aub.edu.lb Al-Ahli Arab (Gaza Baptist) Hospital in Gaza City https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital Max Weber, "Politics as a Vocation" https://open.oregonstate.education/sociologicaltheory/chapter/politics-as-a-vocation About Daniel Zoughbie Daniel E. Zoughbie is a complex-systems scientist, historian, and expert on presidential decision-making. He is associate project scientist at UC Berkeley's Institute of International Studies, a faculty affiliate of the UCSF/UCB Center for Global Health Delivery, Diplomacy, and Economics, and principal investigator of the Middle East and North Africa Diplomacy, Development, and Defense Initiative. He is the author of Kicking the Hornet's Nest: U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East from Truman to Trump and of Indecision Points: George W. Bush and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. His award-winning research has appeared in journals such as PLOS Medicine, Mayo Clinic Proceedings, and Social Science and Medicine. A Phi Beta Kappa graduate of UC Berkeley, he studied at Oxford on a Marshall Scholarship and completed his doctorate there as a Weidenfeld Scholar. Show Notes Middle East Background and Microclinic Origins Daniel Zoughbie recalls visiting the Middle East as a child—"frankly horrified" by what he saw UC Berkeley protests over the Iraq War and post-9/11 U.S. policy in the region Metabolic disease and type 2 diabetes as an overlooked "greatest killer in the region." Neighbors in the West Bank sharing food, medicine, and blood-pressure cuffs—leads to the "micro clinic" concept Good health behaviors, like bad ones and even violence, can be contagious through social networks Social Networks, Anthropology, and Security Social anthropology, political science, and international relations Medical problems as simultaneously biological and sociological problems Understanding Middle East security demands attention to decisions "at the very bottom" as well as "the view from above" October 7 and 9/11 illustrate how small groups of people can "change the world with their decisions." Complex Systems and Foreign Policy Complexity is always increasing, and diplomacy and development exist to slow it down. Definition of "complex system": as one where many inputs produce outcomes that cannot be reduced to single causes. "We almost have a new law here, which is that complexity is always increasing in the universe. And the role of diplomacy and development, as I see it in international relations, is to slow things down. It's to stop complexity from advancing so that people have time to cool their tempers and to solve major security crises." Type 2 diabetes as a model for thinking about how city planning, economics, relationships, and habits interact He applies that lens to international relations: nations, leaders, institutions, and history form a "cascade of complexity." From Refugee Camps to Presidential Palaces George Shultz and Tony Blair: decision-makers as "real human beings," not abstractions Theological and ideological forces—such as certain apocalyptic readings of scripture—that shape U.S. foreign policy Gnosticism and eschatology within American right-wing Christianity Painstaking global health work on the ground and sweeping decisions made in Washington, Brussels, or New York Twelve Presidents and One Exception Kicking the Hornet's Nest: analysis of twelve presidents from Truman to Trump through the lens of Middle East decision-making Core claim: Only Gerald Ford truly rebalanced the three Ds of defense, diplomacy, and development. U.S. policy in the Levant: heavy reliance on militarism, coups, and covert actions while underinvesting in diplomacy and development Claim: "Far better alternatives were on the table" for every administration, yet consistently passed over. Gerald Ford, Kissinger, and the Path to Peace Daniel contends that the 1967 and 1973 wars were both preventable and nearly became global nuclear catastrophes. Ford inherits the presidency amid Watergate and national division, but keeps Henry Kissinger at State. Ford presses Israel and Egypt toward serious negotiations, empowering Kissinger's shuttle diplomacy and personal ties. A sharply worded letter threatening to "reconsider" the U.S.–Israel relationship Ford's diplomacy and the development of Camp David and the enduring Egypt–Israel peace based on "land for peace." Pride, Personality, and Presidential Failure Did Ford's temperament keep him from making himself the center of the story? In contrast, many presidents and other leaders write themselves "thickly" into the narrative of the conflict. Pride—personal and national—as a toxic force that repeatedly undermines U.S. policy The Iraq War and democracy-promotion agenda and the self-defeating nature of moralistic, militarized crusades Marshall Plan and Enlightened Self-Interest George Marshall and harsh punishment after World War I helped produce Nazi Germany The Marshall Plan models an "enlightened way of viewing the American self-interest": rebuilding Europe and Japan to secure U.S. security. He contrasts that with the neglect of the Levant, where aid and institution-building never matched military activism. Marshall's genius lies in locating the intersection between others' deepest needs and American capabilities. Militarism, Iran, and Nuclear Risk Recent U.S.–Israel–Iran confrontation as an "extremely dangerous moment"—with 60 percent enriched uranium unaccounted for JCPOA as an imperfect but effective diplomatic achievement, but dismantled in favor of militarism Claim: Bombing Iran scattered nuclear material and increased complexity rather than reducing the threat. He warns that one nuclear device could be delivered by low-tech means—a boat or helicopter—endangering civilians and U.S. forces in the Gulf. The only realistic path forward: renewed multilateral diplomacy between U.S., Israel, Iran, Russia, China, Pakistan, India, and regional actors Ethical Realism and Max Weber "Ethical realism"—Max Weber's distinction between the ethic of the gospel and the ethic of responsibility Statespeople bear responsibility for using force, yet the greatest can still say "here I stand and I can do no other." Claim: True leadership seeks a higher ethic where national interest aligns with genuine concern for others. Gaza, Nationalism, and Two States Welcoming the end of active war between Israel and Hamas and critiquing reconstruction plans that ignore politics Conflict is fundamentally nationalist: a struggle for self-determination by both Jewish and Palestinian peoples Claim: Economic development without a credible political horizon will not prevent "another October 7th and another terrible war." In his view, only partition of mandatory Palestine into two states can meet legitimate self-determination claims. For example, "You can build skyscrapers in Gaza… and it's not going to work" without addressing nationalism. Citizen Diplomacy and a Better Way Foreign policy is not only the work of secretaries of state; democratic citizens have responsibilities. American University of Beirut and the Gaza Baptist Hospital as fruits of citizen diplomacy Claim: Educational and medical institutions can change lives more profoundly and durably than military campaigns. Redirecting resources from bombs to universities and hospitals to reduce the need for future military interventions An invitation to citizen diplomacy: informed voting, sustained attention, and creative engagement for a more just peace Production Credits Conversing is produced and distributed in partnership with Comment Magazine and Fuller Seminary.  

There's been a lot of movement for the Trump 2.0 administration both at home and abroad when it comes to the topics of immigration and national security!Please enjoy two monologue segments from our persistent host, Mike Slater, as he breaks down President Trump's approach to both of the big subject areas! Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Visit our website:https://www.thewealthwarehousepodcast.com/Dave and Paul celebrate episode 200 by riffing on Covey's “7 Habits” and translating them into practical, IBC moves. They discuss each of the “7 Habits” and double click on some big x-factors, like consistency, sequencing cash, win-win thinking, and ‘sharpening the saw'. Becoming Your Own Banker by Nelson Nash:https://infinitebanking.org/product/becoming-your-own-banker/ref/46/Episode Highlights:0:00 - Intro1:41 - Episode beginning5:22 - 7 Habits of Highly Effective People6:06 - #1: Be Proactive10:11 - #2: Begin With The End In Mind14:26 - #3: Pay Yourself First18:00 - #4: Think Win-Win20:26 - #5: Seek To Understand24:29 - #6: Synergize28:44 - #7: Sharpen the Saw32:38 - Episode wrap-upABOUT YOUR HOSTS:David Befort and Paul Fugere are the hosts of the Wealth Warehouse Podcast. David is the Founder/CEO of Max Performance Financial. He founded the company with the mission of educating people on the truths about money.David's mission is to show you how you can control your own money, earn guarantees, grow it tax-free, and maintain penalty-free access to it to leverage for opportunities that will provide passive income for the rest of your life.Paul, on the other hand, is an Active Duty U.S. Army officer who graduated from Norwich University in 2002 with a B.A. in History and again in 2012 with a M.A. in Diplomacy and International Terrorism. Paul met his wife Tammy at Norwich.As a family, they enjoy boating, traveling, sports, hunting, automobiles, and are self-proclaimed food people.Visit our website:https://www.thewealthwarehousepodcast.com/Catch up with David and Paul, visit the links below!Website:https://infinitebanking.org/agents/Fugere494https://infinitebanking.org/agents/Befort399LinkedIn:https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-a-befort-jr-09663972/https://www.linkedin.com/in/paul-fugere-762021b0/Email:davidandpaul@theibcguys.com

Send Bidemi a Text Message!In this episode, host Bidemi Ologunde unpacks how AI chip diplomacy is reshaping global power, from the UAE's intelligence-tinted partnership with the U.S. to Silicon Valley's high-stakes entanglement with Gulf investors. He explores Saudi Arabia's record-breaking $55 billion leveraged buyout of Electronic Arts, the Kingdom's sweeping mutual defense pact with Pakistan, and its strategic oil lifeline to post-Assad Syria. Along the way, Bidemi connects the dots between technology, finance, and security to show how these moves are rewiring geopolitics across the Middle East, Europe, Asia, and Africa.Support the show

In this in-depth conversation, we sit down with veteran Nepalese diplomat and respected author Dr. Madan Kumar Bhattarai, former Foreign Secretary and Presidential advisor, to explore his remarkable journey in Nepal's foreign policy, diplomacy, and geopolitical strategy. Dr. Bhattarai shares stories from his student life, his writing process, and the inspiration behind his influential books, such as Nepalko Pararashtra Sambandha and his biography of Narendra Mani Acharya Dixit. He discusses how a diplomat should carry responsibility, how historical details are collected for his works, and why preserving Nepal's diplomatic history is essential. We delve into Nepal's evolving geopolitical situation, national security priorities, and the shifting dynamics of Nepal–India and Nepal–China relations. Dr. Bhattarai offers valuable insights on where Nepal's foreign minister must focus, the challenges of South Asian diplomacy, and how Nepal can strengthen its global engagement. Packed with expert analysis on Nepal diplomacy, foreign affairs, international relations, and Himalayan geopolitics, this episode is essential for anyone interested in Nepal's strategic future. GET CONNECTED WITH Madan Kumar Bhattarai: Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/madan.bhattarai.3511   SPONSOR : College partner : Model Institute of Technology Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/mitnepal/ MIT: https://mitnepal.edu.np/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/MITechCollege  

U.S. Gunboat Diplomacy: Venezuela Negotiations and Exile Arrangements — Evan Ellis — Ellis evaluates American military pressure against Venezuela, including threatened lethal strikes and special operations to forcibly remove Maduro from power. Ellis documents that Maduro is desperately negotiating for personal survival and comprehensive presidential pardons from potential prosecution. Ellis notes that Brazilian President Lula da Silvapossesses severely limited diplomatic leverage and capacity to broker exile asylum arrangements for Venezuelanleadership without risking domestic political backlash from Brazilian constituencies. 1909 VENEZUELA

This episode looks again at the causes of Bacon’s Rebellion in light of what we have now learned, before turning to the region of the Chesapeake in the years after the Rebellion. There are two big themes in the post-Bacon Chesapeake. The first, the subject of this episode, is geopolitical. After Bacon, what changed in intercolonial affairs, in the relationship between the Chesapeake colonies and England, and between those colonies  and the indigenous nations? The second theme, for part 2, is essentially domestic. How did Virginia itself change politically, economically, and socially, with a special emphasis on the terms of labor and the types of people performing it? Along the way we look at the crazed conspiracy theories that roiled not only Virginia and Maryland, but England, how they affected the various protagonists, led to the negotiation of the “Covenant Chain” between the Iroquois and New York and the other English colonies of North America, and how the end of Bacon’s Rebellion unleashed explosive growth of the trade in enslaved Indians from the Carolinas and points south. My Substack Check out the new merch store! X – @TheHistoryOfTh2 – https://x.com/TheHistoryOfTh2 Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/HistoryOfTheAmericans Selected references for this episode (Commission earned for Amazon purchases through the episode notes on our website) James D. Rice, Tales from a Revolution: Bacon's Rebellion and the Transformation of Early America Wilcomb E. Washburn, The Governor and the Rebel: A History of Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia Edmund S. Morgan, American Slavery, American Freedom Josias (Josiah) Fendall Other episodes mentioned Notes on Virginia 1644-1675 The Free County of Albemarle Rogues and Dogs and Fendall’s Rebellion

This week, Kelly talks with Professor Michael Kimmage about Russia's war in Ukraine and current efforts towards a ceasefire. Michael Kimmage is a Professor of History at Catholic University, specializing in U.S.-Russia relations and cold war history, and is director of the Kennan Institute in Washington D.C. He worked on U.S.-Russia relations from 2014 to 2016 on the Secretary of State's Policy Planning staff. He is the author of five books, the latest being Collisions: The Origins of the War in Ukraine and the New Global Instability, published by Oxford University Press in 2024. Michael has also been writing profically on the Russia Ukraine war since 2022.  Read Michael's latest article in Foreign Policy Magazine here: https://foreignpolicy.com/2025/10/20/russia-putin-drones-airspace-europe-nato-war/  Michael's most recent book: https://www.amazon.com/Collisions-Origins-Ukraine-Global-Instability/dp/B0CYQWJQ28/  The opinions expressed in this conversation are strictly those of the participants and do not represent the views of Georgetown University or any government entity. Produced by Abdalla Nasef and Freddie Mallinson. Recorded on December 2, 2025. Diplomatic Immunity, a podcast from the Institute for the Study of Diplomacy at Georgetown University, brings you frank and candid conversations with experts on the issues facing diplomats and national security decision-makers around the world. Funding support from the Carnegie Corporation of New York. For more, visit our website, and follow us on Linkedin, Twitter @GUDiplomacy, and Instagram @isd.georgetown

A mother recounts her son being manhandled and arrested by local police after being charged with trespassing when told to leave a soup kitchen serving to unhoused people and reactions to Mayor Zohran Mamdani's meeting with Donald John after the two traded barbs including labeling one another as a "communist" and a "fascist". 

Welcome to Dev Game Club, where this week we try something a little different. Unattached to any particular game, we chat with Ed Fries, a long-time video game developer most well-known for his work  shepherding the early days of Xbox and Microsoft Game Studios. We talk about five games of his early years that particularly affected him. Dev Game Club looks at classic video games and plays through them over several episodes, providing commentary. Podcast breakdown: 1:16:35 Break 1:16:48 Outro Issues covered: a new model for interviews, productivity software wars, a child of engineers, Lunar Lander on a calculator, 6800-based kit computer and programming in assembly, cardboard computer, jumping from BASIC to assembly language, using a print terminal, modem sounds, competitive Asteroids, the first real video game, oscilloscopes and radar, complaining to the dentist, inspiring a generation of programmers and engineers, learning by typing from magazines, the 8-bit microprocessor, getting a 6502 square root routine from Woz, using a computer terminal, an intro to Rogue and its procedural elements, a things-going-wrong simulator, "there were not that many games in the world," building a game for different player types, the D programming language and other alphabetic languages, a short remembrance of Dani Bunten Berry, Multiple Use Labor Elements, how M.U.L.E. plays, screwing your buddies, similarities to Euro strategy games, the auction phase, crystite mining, a literary game, the first original IP character in a video game, moving from real caves to fantasy, some connections, album covers from EA, expensive personal computers. Games, people, and influences mentioned or discussed: Frogger, ROMox, The Princess and the Frog, Ant Eater, Sea Chase, Tom and Ed's Bogus Software, Tom Saxton, Sucker Punch, Microsoft, Ender's Game, Phil Spencer, Xbox, Bungie, Ensemble Studios, Rare Limited, World of Warcraft, Gabe Newell, Atari 2600, Halo, 1Up Ventures Fund, Psychonauts, Keeper, Tim Schafer, Boeing, Digital Equipment Corporation, Lunar Lander, CARDIAC, Nintendo Labo, Apple ][, Atari 800, Space Wars, Asteroids, Nolan Bushnell, Ampex, Ted Dabney, Computer Space, Nutting Associates, Computer Trivia, Pong, Homeworld, Steve Wozniak, Rogue, Defeating Games for Charity, Dark Souls, HACK, PDP-11/VAX, Epyx, Walter Bright, Sid Meier, Civilization, Bruce Shelley, Age of Empires, M.U.L.E., Dani Bunten Berry, Seven Cities of Gold, Settlers of Cataan, Diplomacy, AJ Redmer, Maxis, Will Wright, Dungeon/Zork, Don Daglow, Tim Anderson, Colossal Cave Adventure/Advent, Infocom, Frank Cifaldi, Video Game History Foundation, Kate Willaert, Will Crowther, Don Woods, Mike Haas, Andrei Alexandrescu, 2001: A Space Odyssey, Populous, The Bard's Tale, Outer Wilds, Kirk Hamilton, Aaron Evers, Mark Garcia.  Next time: TBA! or more Pikmin TTDS: 40m 6s Links: Ant Eater source  Princess and Frog source Sea Chase source  Nitro source Errata: I misspoke with respect to the co-inventor of D, it was Andrei Alexandrescu. We regret the error. Twitch: timlongojr and twinsunscorp  YouTube  Discord  DevGameClub@gmail.com 

Host Brian Kerg talks with Steve Brock and Hunter Stires to discuss their CIMSEC article, “Maritime Statecraft and Its Future.” Steven V. Brock was appointed by the White House as the Senior Advisor to the 78th Secretary of the Navy, where from 2022 to 2025 he served as a chief strategist and key implementor of … Continue reading Sea Control 591: Maritime Statecraft and Its Future with Steve Brock and Hunter Stires →

In the final episode of The Nuclear Threshold, A'ndre speaks with Alexandra Bell, President & CEO of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists and one of the leading U.S. diplomats behind recent efforts to strengthen arms control and reduce nuclear risks. Building on the technical and command-and-control foundations laid by Laura Grego and Steve Fetter, this conversation shifts to the political and diplomatic fault lines that make today's nuclear landscape uniquely dangerous.Alexandra explains why nuclear policy has fallen out of public view even as the world edges closer to crisis, and why diplomacy — often undervalued and underfunded — remains the only real mechanism for preventing disaster. Drawing on her experience negotiating the New START Treaty and other engagements, she breaks down the collapse of Cold War–era treaties, the rise of new nuclear states, and the challenge of rebuilding trust in a multipolar world.We also explore how deterrence theory holds up in an era of political volatility and weapons on minutes-notice alert. Alexandra discusses realistic steps the United States and others could take to reduce tensions, the role of scientific cooperation when politics freeze, and why public engagement has always been the catalyst for major progress on nuclear issues.As the Doomsday Clock sits closer to midnight than ever, Alexandra makes the case for “fearless diplomacy” — and why, despite the risks, the path away from catastrophe is still possible if governments and citizens choose it.

Lisa Wilhelmi discusses the international system in the ancient Middlle East. The 14th century BC tablets from Amarna in Egypt, and tablets from the royal archives in Hattusa (Türkiye), reveal diplomatic exchanges between the great powers that ruled the region. What did they want from each other? Who and what moved around, and why?2:00 what does "international" mean?3:09 what sources our sources say?5:22 were the letters preserved or did they just survive?6:50 what language do they use?8:37 were they equal partners?10:34 do resources buy membership of the great powers club?12:15 how did they talk to each other?14:35 what messages are they sending each other?16:38 political theatre?18:32 how princesses were chosen19:40 did princesses take part in the correspondence?20:13 why was cuneiform the method of communication?23:51 cultural exchange26:52 lost in translation?Lisa's university pageMusic by Ruba HillawiWebsite: http://wedgepod.orgYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSM7ZlAAgOXv4fbTDRyrWgwEmail: wedgepod@gmail.comPatreon: http://Patreon.com/WedgePod

Today, Jess, Jamil, Les, and Amy dig into the latest round of U.S.-Russia peace talks after Vladimir Putin spent nearly five hours behind closed doors with Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner. No breakthrough occurred, but the stakes keep rising: Putin says Russia is “ready” for a conflict with Europe, Ukraine is grappling with corruption scandals and the resignation of Zelenskyy's chief of staff, Sudan is offering Moscow a Red Sea naval base, and the Senate's sanctions bill is still stalled.Did anything new actually from the talks? What should we make of the economic incentives reportedly being floated in some of these negotiations? What would it take for the U.S. to move this conflict toward an endgame?Check out these sources that helped shape our fellows' discussions: @nottvjessjones@lestermunson@amykmitchell@jamil_n_jafferLike what we're doing here? Be sure to rate, review, and subscribe. And don't forget to follow @faultlines_pod and @masonnatsec on Twitter!We are also on YouTube, and watch today's episode here: https://youtu.be/r3iwMur3tQ0 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Diplomacy with Threat: US Tries to Talk Maduro Out of Power — John Batchelor, Alejandro Peña Esclusa, Ernesto Araujo — Batchelor reports that President Trump confirmed a direct phone call with Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro as part of US diplomatic efforts encouraging his peaceful voluntary departure from power, efforts implicitly backed by the threat of military force. Peña Esclusa documents that Maduro is articulating unacceptable preconditions for departure, including total amnesty from prosecution and continued control of the Venezuelan armed forces. Araujo emphasizes that the transition will be further complicated by military officials implicated in large-scale corruption, drug trafficking operations, and documented human rights violations requiring accountability. 1922 CARACAS

-Rob skewers Democrats for caring more about optics than “drug-smuggling terrorists,” compares fentanyl boats to Zyklon B trains, and wonders whatever happened to John Wayne. -The Newsmax Hotline lights up with Michael Charbon, who trades jokes about Canadian winters, assisted suicide, and back bacon—plus a mutual agreement that liberals have lost their minds. Today's podcast is sponsored by : BIRCH GOLD - Protect and grow your retirement savings with gold. Text ROB to 98 98 98 for your FREE information kit! WEBROOT : Live a better digital life with Webroot Total Protection. Rob Carson Show listeners get 60% off at http://webroot.com/Newsmax  To call in and speak with Rob Carson live on the show, dial 1-800-922-6680 between the hours of 12 Noon and 3:00 pm Eastern Time Monday through Friday…E-mail Rob Carson at : RobCarsonShow@gmail.com Musical parodies provided by Jim Gossett (http://patreon.com/JimGossettComedy) Listen to Newsmax LIVE and see our entire podcast lineup at http://Newsmax.com/Listen Make the switch to NEWSMAX today! Get your 15 day free trial of NEWSMAX+ at http://NewsmaxPlus.com Looking for NEWSMAX caps, tees, mugs & more? Check out the Newsmax merchandise shop at : http://nws.mx/shop Follow NEWSMAX on Social Media:  -Facebook: http://nws.mx/FB  -X/Twitter: http://nws.mx/twitter -Instagram: http://nws.mx/IG -YouTube: https://youtube.com/NewsmaxTV -Rumble: https://rumble.com/c/NewsmaxTV -TRUTH Social: https://truthsocial.com/@NEWSMAX -GETTR: https://gettr.com/user/newsmax -Threads: http://threads.net/@NEWSMAX  -Telegram: http://t.me/newsmax  -BlueSky: https://bsky.app/profile/newsmax.com -Parler: http://app.parler.com/newsmax Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Mike speaks with three leading experts on international security: Elizabeth Saunders, Director of the Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies and Professor of Political Science at Columbia University; Luis Simón, Director of the Research Centre for Security, Diplomacy and Strategy and Research Professor in International Security at the Brussels School of Governance; and Chung Min Lee, Senior Fellow in the Asia Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Together, they discuss the Indo-Pacific Four (IP4) NATO partner nations—Australia, Japan, South Korea, and New Zealand—and examine where the IP4 and the broader Euro-Atlantic–Indo-Pacific security relationship are heading in light of shifting U.S. policy priorities.

Host Walker D. Mills interviews Marine Corps Captain Colton Byers about his article for the War Quants substack, “Carrier 2.0: The Drone Carrier Revolution.” Their discussion covers salvo equations and modeling, the utility of drone carriers, and how they might integrate with a modern naval fleet. Download Sea Control 590: Drone Carriers and Salvo Equations … Continue reading Sea Control 590: Drone Carriers and Salvo Equations with Colton Byers →

United States President Donald Trump has threatened a ground invasion of Venezuela to disrupt what he claims is a vast drug-trafficking network. The U-S military has already deployed thousands of troops and dozens of warships to the Caribbean as a U-S air campaign that has killed at least 83 people continues. But how likely is an all-out war with their South American neighbour, really?

As geopolitics shifts, three experts on international relations answer fundamental questions, including: Why do humans have wars? What are the new challenges facing peacemakers and peacekeepers? And what has changed for the Global South? Guests:  Monica Toft, Professor and Director, Center for Strategic Studies; Academic Dean, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University Happymon Jacob, Founder and Director, Council for Strategic and Defense Research (CSDR) Aparna Bharadwaj  Managing Director and Senior Partner, Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Links: Global Future Council on Geopolitics: https://initiatives.weforum.org/global-future-council-on-geopolitics Related podcasts: After 2025's 'seismic' shock, what's next for development and aid: https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/development-aid-devex/ Superpower rivalry and geopolitics in Trump 2.0: https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/geopolitics-lynn-kuok-the-national/ We have entered the age of "persistent disruption" - Visa's Wayne Best on the Chief Economists Outlook: https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/chief-economists-outlook-visa-wayne-best/ Check out all our podcasts on wef.ch/podcasts:  YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@wef Radio Davos - subscribe: https://pod.link/1504682164 Meet the Leader - subscribe: https://pod.link/1534915560 Agenda Dialogues - subscribe: https://pod.link/1574956552 Join the World Economic Forum Podcast Club: https://www.facebook.com/groups/wefpodcastclub    

Steve Blank: Blind to Disruption Steve Blank is an Adjunct Professor at Stanford and co-founder of the Gordian Knot Center for National Security Innovation. Credited with launching the Lean Startup movement and the curriculums for the National Science Foundation Innovation Corps and Hacking for Defense and Diplomacy, he's changed how startups are built, how entrepreneurship is taught, how science is commercialized, and how companies and the government innovate. Steve is the author of The Four Steps to the Epiphany and The Startup Owner's Manual and is the author of his recent article at steveblank.com: Blind to Disruption: The CEOs Who Missed the Future. Leaders may see the future coming, but we aren't always incentivized to act on it. In this conversation, Steve and I discuss what we can learn from the common patterns of disruption so we don't miss what's next. Key Points In the 1890s, there were approximately 4,000 carriage and wagon makers in the United States. Only one company made the transition to automobiles. In each of the three companies that survived, it was the founders, not hired CEOs, that drove the transition. Studebaker recognized that it wasn't in the business of carriages; it was in the business of mobility. Clayton Christensen taught us that disruption begins with inferior products that incumbents don't take seriously. The real problem isn't that companies can't see the future. It's that they are structurally disincentivized to act on it. Parsing innovation theatre vs. innovation means paying attention to what's actually shipping. If nothing is and you want to innovate, look elsewhere. Bubbles in the market are normal. Timing may be off, but that doesn't mean disruption isn't happening. Resources Mentioned Blind to Disruption: The CEOs Who Missed the Future by Steve Blank Related Episodes How to Start Seeing Around Corners, with Rita McGrath (episode 430) How to Build an Invincible Company, with Alex Osterwalder (episode 470) How to Pivot Quickly, with Steve Blank (episode 476) Discover More Activate your free membership for full access to the entire library of interviews since 2011, searchable by topic. To accelerate your learning, uncover more inside Coaching for Leaders Plus.

On this Monday edition of Sid & Friends in the Morning, Sid details several key topics: Luigi Mangione's court hearings on charges including the murder of United Healthcare's CEO, where defense attorneys argue against the admissibility of certain evidence. An anti-ICE demonstration in Lower Manhattan resulted in arrests and criticism of NYPD actions. President Trump's comments on immigration policy, recent shooting incidents involving National Guard members, and his escalating military stance towards Venezuela are covered. Secretary of State Marco Rubio's peace talks with Ukrainian negotiators and a future trip to Russia are mentioned. Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu's request for a pardon from corruption charges and the controversy over President Trump's appointments to the US Holocaust Memorial Council are also detailed. Alex Traiman, Arthur Aidala, Daniel Nigro, John Catsimatidis & Nicole Parker join Sid on this Monday installment of Sid & Friends in the Morning. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Visit our website:https://www.thewealthwarehousepodcast.com/Dave and Paul return for their monthly webinar where this time, they tackled the theme: How has "Rethinking your thinking" changed your life?Additionally, they talk about using policy loans for cars, home projects, and surprise bills without bank stress; how to “capture your dollars first” so compounding isn't interrupted; and simple ways to do private financing instead of the traditional bank runaround.Becoming Your Own Banker by Nelson Nash:https://infinitebanking.org/product/becoming-your-own-banker/ref/46/Episode Highlights:0:00 - Intro0:51 - Episode beginning1:50 - IBC's impact on Dave and Paul8:18 - Another housing story10:53 - Car financing15:35 - IBC in action, taking opportunities22:50 - Both/and29:04 - Daniel: What thinking differently has done37:40 - People have been tricked39:52 - It's so simple43:37 - “Finding” policies, proper classification51:10 - Using and expanding your system58:09 - Episode wrap-upABOUT YOUR HOSTS:David Befort and Paul Fugere are the hosts of the Wealth Warehouse Podcast. David is the Founder/CEO of Max Performance Financial. He founded the company with the mission of educating people on the truths about money.David's mission is to show you how you can control your own money, earn guarantees, grow it tax-free, and maintain penalty-free access to it to leverage for opportunities that will provide passive income for the rest of your life.Paul, on the other hand, is an Active Duty U.S. Army officer who graduated from Norwich University in 2002 with a B.A. in History and again in 2012 with a M.A. in Diplomacy and International Terrorism. Paul met his wife Tammy at Norwich.As a family, they enjoy boating, traveling, sports, hunting, automobiles, and are self-proclaimed food people.Visit our website:https://www.thewealthwarehousepodcast.com/Catch up with David and Paul, visit the links below!Website: https://infinitebanking.org/agents/Fugere494https://infinitebanking.org/agents/Befort399LinkedIn:https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-a-befort-jr-09663972/https://www.linkedin.com/in/paul-fugere-762021b0/Email:davidandpaul@theibcguys.com

Recorded November 14, 2025 - The Van Fleet Policy Forum is The Korea Society's flagship policy event. Through panel discussions, keynote remarks, and networking opportunities, the forum convenes senior thought leaders from the US and Korea for dynamic, informative, and analytical discussions on security, diplomacy, geoeconomics, and alliance history. This year's conference was held in The Atlantic Council's office in Washington D.C. and produced in partnership with the Indo-Pacific Security Initiative in The Atlantic Council's Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security. The 2025 Van Fleet Policy Forum was made possible by the generous support of The Kim Koo Foundation as well as The Korea Society's individual and corporate members. Diplomacy Panel - Adaptation or Transformation? Moderator: Ambassador (Ret.) Kathleen Stephens, Korea Society Board Chair Ambassador (Ret.) Kim Hyoung-zhin, Former Republic of Korea Ambassador to the European Union and Deputy National Security Advisor Ambassador (Ret.) Philip Goldberg, Former U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of Korea For more information, please visit the link below: https://www.koreasociety.org/policy-and-corporate-programs/2060-us-korea-cooperation-across-domains-and-through-history

Fluent Fiction - Japanese: Diplomacy Delights: Saving Christmas at the Conference Table Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ja/episode/2025-12-01-23-34-02-ja Story Transcript:Ja: クリスマスの夜、寒い冬の国際会議が行われています。En: On Christmas Eve, a cold winter international conference is taking place.Ja: 場所は豪華な会議ホールです。En: The location is a luxurious conference hall.Ja: ホールはキラキラと輝くクリスマスの飾りで飾られています。En: The hall is decorated with sparkling Christmas ornaments.Ja: しかし、空気は緊張しています。En: However, the atmosphere is tense.Ja: 各国の代表が集まり、重要な議論をしています。En: Representatives from various countries have gathered and are engaged in important discussions.Ja: カイトは、国を代表するベテラン外交官です。En: Kaito is a veteran diplomat representing his country.Ja: 彼はいつも冷静です。En: He is always calm.Ja: でも、心の中では今回の重要な役割にプレッシャーを感じています。En: Yet, inside, he feels the pressure of his important role this time.Ja: 議論が白熱していく中で、カイトは早く家に帰り、家族とクリスマスを過ごしたいと強く思っていました。En: As the discussion heats up, Kaito strongly wishes to return home quickly and spend Christmas with his family.Ja: しかし、そこで新たな問題が起こります。En: However, a new issue arises.Ja: 異なる文化からくる誤解や意見の対立が深まり、会議は行き詰まってしまいます。En: Misunderstandings and conflicting opinions stemming from different cultures deepen, and the conference reaches a stalemate.Ja: カイトは国を守るため、何とかしてこの危機を解決しなければなりません。En: Kaito must somehow resolve this crisis to protect his country.Ja: そこでカイトは思い切った決断をします。En: Kaito then makes a bold decision.Ja: ライバル国の外交官、サクラとの個人的な関係を活用することに決めます。En: He decides to leverage his personal relationship with the diplomat from a rival country, Sakura.Ja: サクラとは、過去に同じ目標を持って共に仕事をした経験がありました。En: He had previously worked with Sakura on shared objectives.Ja: 静かに彼女に話し掛け、協力を求めます。En: Quietly, he approaches her and seeks her cooperation.Ja: クリスマス・イブの日、会議は最も緊迫した状況を迎えます。En: On Christmas Eve, the conference reaches its most critical point.Ja: このままでは時間だけが過ぎていきます。En: If things continue as they are, time will just slip away.Ja: カイトは大きな決断を迫られます。En: Kaito faces a significant decision.Ja: 彼は自分の信念を貫きながら、相手の文化を尊重する新しい解決策を考え出します。En: He comes up with a new solution that adheres to his beliefs while respecting the other party's culture.Ja: 「みんなで一緒に、このクリスマスの精神を大切にしましょう」とカイトは提案します。En: "Let's all cherish the spirit of Christmas together," Kaito proposes.Ja: 彼は共に笑顔になれる方法を見つけ、最終的に全員が同意できる解決策を提示します。En: He finds a way for everyone to smile together and ultimately presents a solution that everyone can agree on.Ja: カイトの努力とサクラの協力で、国々は合意に達します。En: Through Kaito's efforts and Sakura's cooperation, the countries reach an agreement.Ja: 会議は無事に終わり、彼は家族と一緒にクリスマスを迎えることができました。En: The conference ends peacefully, and he is able to spend Christmas with his family.Ja: カイトは自分の限界を認め、他の人の助けを借りることの重要性を学びました。En: Kaito learned the importance of acknowledging his limits and accepting help from others.Ja: これが新しい道を開くことになると感じました。En: He felt that this would open a new path.Ja: 雪が舞うクリスマスの夜、カイトは家族に抱かれながら、平和で暖かな光の中にいました。En: On the snowy Christmas night, Kaito was embraced by his family, surrounded by peaceful and warm light.Ja: 彼は、自分の国と、何よりも家族の笑顔を守ることができたことに感謝しました。En: He was thankful for being able to protect his country and, above all, the smiles of his family. Vocabulary Words:luxurious: 豪華なornaments: 飾りtense: 緊張しているrepresentatives: 代表veteran: ベテランdiplomat: 外交官pressure: プレッシャーdiscussion: 議論misunderstandings: 誤解conflicting: 対立するstalemate: 行き詰まりresolve: 解決するcrisis: 危機leverages: 活用するcooperation: 協力critical: 緊迫したsignificant: 重大なadheres: 貫くcherish: 大切にするsmile: 笑顔peacefully: 平和にacknowledging: 認めるaccepting: 受け入れるembraces: 抱かれるprotect: 守るatmosphere: 空気gathered: 集まるheats up: 白熱していくobjectives: 目標reaches: 達する

Fluent Fiction - French: Diplomacy & Determination: The Christmas Climate Breakthrough Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/fr/episode/2025-12-01-23-34-02-fr Story Transcript:Fr: Paris brille sous les lumières de Noël.En: Paris shines under the Christmas lights.Fr: Les rues sont pleines de joie, mais à l'intérieur du Palais des Congrès, l'ambiance est sérieuse.En: The streets are full of joy, but inside the Palais des Congrès, the atmosphere is serious.Fr: C'est l'hiver, et les diplomates du monde entier sont réunis pour un sommet international.En: It is winter, and diplomats from all over the world are gathered for an international summit.Fr: Élodie regarde autour de la grande salle.En: Élodie looks around the grand hall.Fr: Elle est jeune, passionnée par l'environnement et prête à changer le monde.En: She is young, passionate about the environment, and ready to change the world.Fr: Elle a un plan audacieux à proposer.En: She has a bold plan to propose.Fr: Un plan qui pourrait vraiment faire la différence face au changement climatique.En: A plan that could truly make a difference in the fight against climate change.Fr: Mais elle a peur.En: But she is afraid.Fr: Peut-elle convaincre les autres ?En: Can she convince the others?Fr: Peut-elle influencer les décisions importantes ?En: Can she influence the important decisions?Fr: Luc est assis à quelques sièges d'Élodie.En: Luc is seated a few seats away from Élodie.Fr: C'est un diplomate expérimenté.En: He is an experienced diplomat.Fr: Il connaît bien les négociations compliquées et hésite face aux idées trop idéales.En: He is familiar with complicated negotiations and hesitates when faced with overly idealistic ideas.Fr: Il respecte Élodie, mais pense que son plan est trop risqué.En: He respects Élodie, but thinks her plan is too risky.Fr: Il s'inquiète des conséquences politiques.En: He worries about the political consequences.Fr: Élodie sait qu'elle doit parler à Luc.En: Élodie knows she must speak to Luc.Fr: Elle rassemble son courage et s'approche de lui pendant une pause-café.En: She gathers her courage and approaches him during a coffee break. "Fr: « Luc, j'aimerais discuter de ma proposition avec vous.En: Luc, I'd like to discuss my proposal with you.Fr: J'ai besoin de votre aide ou, au moins, de votre compréhension.En: I need your help or, at least, your understanding."Fr: » Luc écoute attentivement.En: Luc listens attentively. "Fr: « Élodie, tu sais que ton idée est ambitieuse.En: Élodie, you know your idea is ambitious.Fr: Mais la politique est un jeu compliqué.En: But politics is a complicated game."Fr: » Élodie insiste.En: Élodie insists.Fr: Elle parle de l'urgence du problème, de l'avenir de la planète.En: She talks about the urgency of the problem, about the future of the planet.Fr: Elle utilise un souvenir personnel, sa famille à Noël, pour expliquer que les traditions et les valeurs sont importantes.En: She uses a personal memory, her family at Christmas, to explain that traditions and values are important.Fr: Ce souvenir touche Luc.En: This memory touches Luc.Fr: Le moment décisif arrive.En: The decisive moment arrives.Fr: Élodie se lève lors de la session critique.En: Élodie stands up during the critical session.Fr: Elle présente son plan avec passion.En: She presents her plan with passion.Fr: Elle parle de sa famille et de l'importance de préserver la nature pour la prochaine génération.En: She talks about her family and the importance of preserving nature for the next generation.Fr: Les mots d'Élodie sont sincères et clairs.En: Élodie's words are sincere and clear.Fr: La salle reste silencieuse, puis les débats s'intensifient.En: The room remains silent, then debates intensify.Fr: Les discussions sont longues, mais peu à peu, l'idée d'Élodie trouve des partisans.En: The discussions are long, but little by little, Élodie's idea gains supporters.Fr: Luc, après quelques hésitations, se lève et apporte son soutien.En: Luc, after some hesitation, stands up and lends his support. "Fr: « Élodie a raison de vouloir un changement », déclare-t-il.En: Élodie is right to want change," he declares.Fr: « Il est temps de s'adapter.En: "It's time to adapt."Fr: » Élodie a réussi.En: Élodie has succeeded.Fr: Son plan avance.En: Her plan is moving forward.Fr: Les doutes s'évanouissent et elle réalise qu'elle peut équilibrer ses ambitions et ses valeurs personnelles.En: The doubts vanish, and she realizes she can balance her ambitions and personal values.Fr: Luc, de son côté, comprend qu'un regard neuf peut parfois ouvrir de nouvelles voies.En: Luc, on his side, understands that a fresh perspective can sometimes open new paths.Fr: La cloche de la session sonne.En: The session bell rings.Fr: Élodie sort dans les rues illuminées de Paris.En: Élodie steps out into the illuminated streets of Paris.Fr: Elle sent la magie de Noël dans l'air.En: She feels the magic of Christmas in the air.Fr: Elle décide qu'elle rentrera chez elle pour les fêtes, déterminée à préserver ce qui est essentiel.En: She decides she will go home for the holidays, determined to preserve what is essential.Fr: La confiance et l'ouverture d'esprit changeront le monde.En: Confidence and open-mindedness will change the world.Fr: Et pour Élodie et Luc, le chemin ne fait que commencer.En: And for Élodie and Luc, the journey is only beginning. Vocabulary Words:the summit: le sommetthe diplomat: le diplomatethe atmosphere: l'ambiancethe environment: l'environnementthe proposal: la propositionthe hesitation: l'hésitationthe influence: l'influencethe consequences: les conséquencesthe negotiations: les négociationsthe urgency: l'urgencethe generation: la générationthe session: la sessionthe supporter: le partisanthe doubt: le doutethe magic: la magiethe confidence: la confiancethe open-mindedness: l'ouverture d'espritthe courage: le couragethe perspective: le regardthe path: la voiethe memory: le souvenirthe value: la valeurthe change: le changementthe difference: la différencethe break: la pausethe understanding: la compréhensionthe ambition: l'ambitionthe risk: le risquethe decision: la décisionthe debate: le débat

Angelica in Europe: John Church, London Society, and Diplomacy — Molly Beer — Following ratification of the peace treaty, Angelica and her husband sailed to Paris to collect outstanding payments owed by the French government. John Carter leveraged the wartime amnesty to settle accumulated debts, reconcile with his estranged family, and legally adopt the name John Barker Church. Angelica relocated to London's elegant Mayfair neighborhood, where she established herself as a prominent American patriot. She strategically positioned herself at the intersection of cultural and diplomatic negotiations, entertaining influential figures including Lafayette and the Adamses, while exerting subtle influence over American diplomatic representatives toward negotiated peace. 1900 TICONDEROGA

This week, Kelly and Tristen talk through recent COP and G20 summits, and what US absence meant for the world's biggest international fora. They also provide updates on US allies' reactions to boat strikes in the Caribbean, and Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman's meetings with Trump at the White House. The opinions expressed in this conversation are strictly those of the participants and do not represent the views of Georgetown University or any government entity. Produced by Abdalla Nasef and Freddie Mallinson.  Recorded on November 24, 2025. Diplomatic Immunity, a podcast from the Institute for the Study of Diplomacy at Georgetown University, brings you frank and candid conversations with experts on the issues facing diplomats and national security decision-makers around the world. Funding support from the Carnegie Corporation of New York. For more, visit our website, and follow us on Linkedin, Twitter @GUDiplomacy, and Instagram @isd.georgetown

Indian Air Force is looking at revamping its airlift capabilities by inducting the proposed Medium Transport Aircraft (MTA), that will be assembled in India, as its main workhorse in the modern era. Snehesh Alex Philip, Editor - Defence and Diplomacy explains in his show #DefenceScope.

Russia went from a tsarist empire and the totalitarian USSR to the freedom of the 1990s, complete with hopes of becoming a European democracy. Unfortunately, multiple missteps and reckless foreign policy endeavors have resulted in Russia becoming a security threat to Europe and its own neighbors. Two Chechen wars, the invasion of Georgia, and annexation of Crimea paved the way for Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. How did it end up this way? Were there signs? What is the current state of Russian society?

2/4.  Ukraine Diplomacy, NATO Defense Gaps, and Baltic War Games — Gregory Copley — Copley analyzes the opaque U.S.-Russia Ukraine peace talks, which initially involved non-traditional negotiators rather than career diplomats. European powers are seeking inclusion in discussions but maintain conflicting strategic objectives.

3/4,   Ukraine Diplomacy, NATO Defense Gaps, and Baltic War Ga/.mes — Gregory Copley — Copley analyzes the opaque U.S.-Russia Ukraine peace talks, which initially involved non-traditional negotiators rather than career diplomats. European powers are seeking inclusion in discussions but maintain conflicting strategic objectives.

4/4,   Ukraine Diplomacy, NATO Defense Gaps, and Baltic War Ga/.mes — Gregory Copley — Copley analyzes the opaque U.S.-Russia Ukraine peace talks, which initially involved non-traditional negotiators rather than career diplomats. European powers are seeking inclusion in discussions but maintain conflicting strategic objectives.

1/4.  Ukraine Diplomacy, NATO Defense Gaps, and Baltic War Games — Gregory Copley — Copley analyzes the opaque U.S.-Russia Ukraine peace talks, which initially involved non-traditional negotiators rather than career diplomats. European powers are seeking inclusion in discussions but maintain conflicting strategic objectives. The discussion covers NATO's eroding relevance, particularly regarding Ireland's vulnerability to Russian surveillance and potential sabotage of critical undersea communication cables. Copley assesses a war game scenario in which Russia directly challenges NATO's Article 5 collective defense commitment in the Baltics.

COP30 in Belém is over. What happened at the conference? What were the main outcomes? And what needs to happen next?   To find out, Anna speaks to Jennifer Morgan (Senior Fellow at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University; Fellow at the Hertie School of Governance; and former State Secretary and Special Envoy for International Climate Action at the German Federal Foreign Office) and David Waskow (Director for the International Climate Initiative at the World Resources Institute).

CONTINUED Unorthodox Ukraine Diplomacy and Geopolitical Realism — Mary Kissel 1900 ODESSA

Unorthodox Ukraine Diplomacy and Geopolitical Realism — Mary Kissel — Kissel analyzes the "exceedingly odd" U.S. approach to Ukraine peace negotiations, wherein businesspeople framed initial proposals while bypassing traditional State Department channels. This transactional negotiating style concerns European allies because it appears to reward Russia and establishes an unfavorable initial bargaining position. Kissel suggests the conflict will likely persist while diplomatic discussions protract. She commends Marco Rubio for prioritizing economic growth and countering Chineseand Iranian influence throughout the Western Hemisphere. 1856 BLACK SEA

Last time we spoke about the Changkufeng Incident. In a frost-bitten dawn along the Chaun and Tumen rivers, a border notched with memory becomes the stage for a quiet duel of will. On one side, Japanese officers led by Inada Masazum study maps, mud, and the hill known as Changkufeng, weighing ground it offers and the risk of war. They glimpse a prize, high ground that could shield lines to Korea—yet they sense peril in every ridge, every scent of winter wind. Across the line, Soviet forces tighten their grip on the crest, their eyes fixed on the same hill, their tents and vehicles creeping closer to the border. The air hums with cautious diplomacy: Moscow's orders pulse through Seoul and Harbin, urging restraint, probing, deterring, but never inviting full-scale conflict. Yet every patrol, every reconnaissance, seems to tilt the balance toward escalation.   #177 The point of no return for the USSR and Japan Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Days passed and the local emissaries had not been released by the Russians. Domei reported from Seoul that the authorities were growing worried; the "brazen" actions of Soviet front-line forces infuriated the Manchurians and Japanese. From Seoul, too, came ominous news that villagers were preparing to evacuate because they feared fighting would soon begin in the Changkufeng area. While diplomatic activity continued in Moscow without effect, the Tokyo press continued to report intense military activity throughout the Soviet Far East—the greatest massing of troops in months, with planes, armored cars, and motorized equipment choking the Trans-Siberian railway. The press was dominated by commentary about the danger of war. One enterprising Tokyo publisher ran advertisements under the heading: "The Manchukuo-Soviet Border Situation Is Urgent—Ours Is the Only Detailed Map of the Soviet Far East: Newspaper-size, in seven clear colors, offset printed, only 50 sen." Although the Manchukuoan foreign office issued a statement on 20 July about the dire consequences the Soviets were inviting, it is probable that the next Russian actions, of a conciliatory nature, were reached independently. Either Moscow had taken almost a week to make the decision, or the diplomatic conversations there had had an effect. Local Japanese authorities reported inactivity on the Changkufeng front from the morning of 23 July. On the next day, word was received that the USSR proposed to return the two emissaries as "trespassers." At midday on 26 July, the Russians released the blindfolded agents at a border site along the Novokievsk road. After completing the formalities, the Japanese asked the Russians for a reply concerning local settlement of the incident. According to Japanese sources, the "flustered" Colonel Grebennik answered: "My assignment today was merely to turn over the envoys. As for any request about the Changkufeng Incident, our guard commander must have asked for instructions from the central government. I think this is the type of matter which must be answered by the authorities at Moscow through diplomatic channels." Grebennik's postwar recollection does not differ appreciably from the Japanese version. Soviet sources mention a second effort by the Japanese military to deliver a message under more forceful circumstances. On 23 July a Soviet border unit drove off a four-man party. Russian cavalry, sent to investigate, discovered that the Japanese had pulled down a telegraph pole, severed lines 100–150 meters inside Soviet territory, absconded with wire, and left behind a white flag and a letter. Undated, unsigned, and written in Korean, the message struck Grebennik as being substantively the same as the communication delivered formally by the emissaries on 18 July. Japanese materials make no reference to a second, informal effort by local forces, but there is little reason to doubt that such an attempt, perhaps unauthorized, was made. Although Japanese efforts at low-level negotiations came to naught, two observations emerged from the local authorities and the press. First, on-the-spot negotiations had broken down; it had been difficult even to reclaim the emissaries, and the Russians in the Posyet region were using various pretexts to refer matters to diplomatic echelons. Second, the Russians had released the men. Some interpreted this as the first evidence of Soviet sincerity; possibly, the USSR would even return Matsushima's body as a step toward settlement. Other Japanese observers on the scene warned the public that it was imperative to stay on guard: "All depends on how diplomacy proceeds and how the front-line troops behave." Yet the excitement in the Japanese press began to abate. It is difficult to ascertain the nature of the decision-making process on the Russian side after the Japanese attempted local negotiations. The Soviets contend that nothing special had been undertaken before the Japanese provoked matters at the end of July. Grebennik, however, admits that after receiving the two Japanese communications, "we started to prepare against an attack on us in the Lake Khasan area." He and a group of officers went to Changkufeng Hill and sent as many border guards there as possible. Although he personally observed Japanese troops and instructed his officers to do the same, he denied categorically that the Russians constructed trenches and fortifications. Only the observation of Manchurian territory was intensified while instructions were awaited from higher headquarters. For its part, the Korea Army was carrying out Imperial general headquarters first instructions while pursuing a wait-and-see policy. On 16 July, Korea Army Headquarters wired an important operations order to Suetaka. With a view toward a possible attack against intruders in the Khasan area, the army planned to make preparations. The division commander was to alert stipulated units for emergency dispatch and send key personnel to the Kyonghun sector to undertake preparations for an attack. Lt. Col. Senda Sadasue, BGU commander of the 76th Infantry Regiment, was to reconnoiter, reinforce nearby districts, and be ready for emergencies. Particular care was enjoined not to irritate the Soviet side. Maj. Gen. Yokoyama Shinpei, the Hunchun garrison commander, was to maintain close contact with the BGU and take every precaution in guarding the frontiers. Like Senda, Yokoyama was warned against irritating the Russians. Korea Army Headquarters also dispatched staff to the front and had them begin preparations, envisaging an offensive. Upon receipt of the army order, Suetaka issued implementing instructions from his Nanam headquarters at 4:30 A.M. on the 17th. The following units were to prepare for immediate alert: the 38th Infantry Brigade Headquarters, 75th Infantry Regiment, 27th Cavalry Regiment, 5th Antiaircraft Regiment, and 19th Engineer Regiment. The same instructions applied to the next units, except that elements organic to the division were designated: the 76th Infantry Regiment, 25th Mountain Artillery Regiment, and 15th Heavy Field Artillery Regiment. Another order enjoined utmost care not to irritate the Russians; Japanese actions were to be masked. Next came a directive to the forces of Senda and K. Sato. The former comprised mainly the 76th Infantry BGU and a cavalry platoon. The latter was built around the 75th Infantry Regiment, the Kucheng garrison unit, another cavalry platoon, two mountain artillery and one heavy field artillery battalion, and the 19th Engineers. Suetaka's idea about a solution to the border troubles had become concrete and aggressive. From the night of July 17, concentration would be accomplished gradually. The exact timing of the attack would be determined by subsequent orders; in Senda's area, there was no such restriction regarding "counteraction brought on by enemy attack." Division signal and intendant officers would conduct reconnaissance related to communications, billeting, food, and supplies. Sato and his subordinates were to reconnoiter personally. Having ordered the division to begin concentration and to stand by, Korea Army Headquarters was prepared the next morning, July 17, to direct the movement. Nevertheless, there was concern in Seoul that Suetaka's advance elements might cross the Tumen River into Manchurian territory, which could result in a clash with Soviet troops. Such an outcome might run counter to the principle established by Imperial general headquarters. Consequently, it was decided that "movement east of the river would therefore have to be forbidden in the Korea Army's implementing order." Nakamura transmitted his operational instructions to Suetaka at 6:00 on July 17: "No great change in latest situation around Lake Khasan. Soviet forces are still occupying Changkufeng area. Diplomaticlevel negotiations on part of central authorities and Manchukuoan government do not appear to have progressed. Considering various circumstances and with view to preparations, this army will concentrate elements of 19th Division between Shikai, Kyonghun, Agochi." Restrictions stipulated that the division commander would transport the units by rail and motor vehicle and concentrate them in the waiting zone in secret. Movement was to begin on the night of July 17 and to be completed the next day. Further orders, however, must govern unit advance east of the Tumen as well as use of force. The remainder of the division was to stay ready to move out. Troops were to carry rations for about two weeks.   Late that day, Suetaka received an order by phone for his subordinates in line with Seoul's instructions. Senda would handle the concentration of elements assembling at Kyonghun, and Sato would do the same for the main units arriving at Agochi. A communications net was to be set up quickly. Caution was to be exercised not to undertake provocative actions against the opposite bank of the Tumen, even for reconnaissance. The division would dispatch two trains from Hoeryong and four from Nanam. At 11:58 pm on 18 July, the first train left Hoeryong for Agochi. Concentration of units was completed by dawn. By that time, the Japanese had dispatched to the border 3,236 men and 743 horses. Past midnight on 20 July, Division Chief of Staff Nakamura wired headquarters that the division was ready to take any action required, having completed the alert process by 11 pm. Japanese scouting of the Changkufeng sector began in earnest after mid-July. Although the affair had seemed amenable to settlement, Sato took steps for an emergency from around the 14th. His thoughts centered on readiness for an attack against Changkufeng, which simultaneously required reconnaissance for the assault and preparation to pull the regiment back quickly to Hoeryong if a withdrawal was ordered. After arriving at Haigan on 18 July, Sato set out with several engineers. At Kucheng, the officers donned white Korean clothing, presumably the disguise directed by the division—and boarded native oxcarts for a leisurely journey southward along the Korean bank of the Tumen across from Changkufeng. The seemingly innocent "farmers" studied the river for crossing sites and Changkufeng Hill for the extent of enemy activity. On the hill's western slope, in Manchurian territory, three rows of Russian entanglements could be observed 300 feet below the crest. Only a handful of soldiers were visible, probably a platoon, certainly not more than a company. Infantry Captain Yamada Teizo conducted secret reconnaissance of the entire Changkufeng-Hill 52 sector for 314 hours in the afternoon of 18 July. Even after intense scanning through powerful binoculars, he could detect no more than 19 lookouts and six horsemen; camouflage work had been completed that day, and there were ten separate covered trench or base points. Barbed wire, under camouflage, extended about four meters in depth, yet even Yamada's trained eye could not determine whether there was one line of stakes or two. He jotted down what he could see and compared his information with that learned from local police. Artillery Colonel R. Tanaka shared the view that the Soviets had intruded. When he went reconnoitering along the Korean bank, he observed Russian soldiers entrenched around the hilltop, easily visible through binoculars at a range of two kilometers. Trenches had been dug 20 to 30 meters below the crest on the western slope. Eventually, there were three rows of barbed wire, the first just below the trenches and the lowest 100 meters under the summit. Tanaka estimated Soviet strength at two companies (about 200 men). Suetaka's intelligence officer, Sasai, recalls seeing barbed wire after Japanese units deployed to the front on 18–19 July; he had surmised then that the entanglements were being prepared out of fear of a Japanese assault.   To obtain first-hand information, the Gaimusho ordered a section chief, Miura Kazu'ichi, to the spot. Between 23 July and the cease-fire in August, Miura collected data at Kyonghun and transmitted reports from the consulate at Hunchun. On 28 July he visited Sozan on the Korean bank. He observed Soviet soldiers on the western slopes of Changkufeng, digging trenches and driving stakes. These actions were clearly on Manchukuoan territory even according to Soviet maps. Miura insisted that he saw no friendly troops on territory claimed by the Russians and observed no provocative actions by the Japanese. These statements are supported by a map drawn for him in early August by Division Staff Officer Saito Toshio, a sketch Miura retained as late as 1947. Miura's testimony is tempered by his assertion that he saw a red flag flying near the top of Changkufeng Hill. This contention conflicts with all evidence, as Russian lawyers at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East argued, it is improbable that a Soviet frontier post, highly interested in camouflage, would have hoisted a pennon so large that it could be seen from Sozan. Russian sources are unanimous in stating that no flag was put up until 6 August and that no trenches or entanglements were established by Soviet border guards in July, at least prior to the 29th. The two Army General staff consultants, Arisue and Kotani, arrived in Seoul on 16 July, the day Korea Army Headquarters was ordering an alert for the 19th Division "with a view toward a possible attack against enemy intruders." Inada dispatched them mainly to inspect the frontline situation; but he had not fully decided on reconnaissance in force. At Shikai, Arisue and Kotani donned Korean garb and traveled by oxcart on the Korean side of the Tumen, reconnoitering opposite the Shachaofeng sector. Kotani was convinced that hostile possession of Changkufeng posed a serious threat to the Korean railway. He agreed with the division's estimate that, if the Japanese did decide to seize Changkufeng, it ought not to be too difficult. Arisue, as senior observer, dispatched messages from Kyonghun to Tokyo detailing their analysis and recommendations. Meanwhile, in Tokyo, on 17 July the central military authorities received a cable from the Japanese envoy in Moscow, Colonel Doi Akio, reporting that prospects for a diplomatic settlement were nil. The USSR was taking a hard line because Japan was deeply involved in China, though there were domestic considerations as well. The Russians, however, showed no intention of using the border incident to provoke war. It would be best for Japan to seize Changkufeng quickly and then press forward with parleys. Meanwhile, Japan should conduct an intensive domestic and external propaganda campaign. There was mounting pressure in the high command that negotiations, conducted "unaided," would miss an opportunity. Based on reports from Arisue and Kotani, that army seemed to be contemplating an unimaginative, ponderous plan: an infantry battalion would cross the Tumen west of Changkufeng and attack frontally, while two more battalions would cross south of Kyonghun to drive along the river and assault Changkufeng from the north. Inada sent a telegram on 17 July to Arisue for "reference." Prospects had diminished that Soviet troops would withdraw as a result of negotiation. As for the attack ideas Arisue mentioned, Inada believed it necessary to prepare to retake Changkufeng with a night attack using small forces. To avoid widening the crisis, the best plan was a limited, surprise attack using ground units. The notion of a surprise attack drew on the Kwantung Army's extensive combat experience in Manchuria since 1931.  The next morning, after the forward concentration of troops was completed, Suetaka went to the front. From Kucheng, he observed the Changkufeng district and decided on concrete plans for use of force. Meanwhile, Nakamura was curbing any hawkish courses at the front. As high-command sources privately conceded later, the younger officers in Tokyo sometimes seemed to think the commander was doing too good a job; there was covert sentiment that it might be preferable if someone in the chain of command acted independently before the opportunity slipped away. This is significant in light of the usual complaints by responsible central authorities about gekokujo—insubordination—by local commands. An important report influencing the high command's view arrived from Kwantung Army Intelligence on 19 July: according to agents in Khabarovsk, the USSR would not let the Changkufeng incident develop into war; Russians also believed there would be no large-scale Soviet intrusion into their territory. By 19 July, the Tokyo operations staff was considering the best method to restore control of the lost hill by force, since Seoul appeared to maintain its laissez-faire stance. On 18 July, Arisue and Kotani were instructed by Imperial General headquarters to assist the Korea Army and the 19th Division regarding the Changkufeng Incident. What the Army general staff operations officers sought was an Imperial General headquarters order, requiring Imperial sanction, that would instruct the Korea Army to evict the Russian troops from Changkufeng the way the Kwantung Army would, using units already under Nakamura's command. The sense was that the affair could be handled locally, but if the USSR sought to escalate the incident, it might be prudent for that to occur before the Hankow operation began. The IGHQ and War Ministry coordinated the drafting of an IGHQ order on 19–20 July: "We deem it advisable to eradicate Soviet challenges . . . by promptly delivering blow on this occasion against unit which crossed border at Changkufeng. That unit is in disadvantageous spot strategically and tactically; thus, probability is scant that dispute would enlarge, and we are investigating countermeasures in any case. Careless expansion of situation is definitely not desired. We would like you people also to conduct studies concerning mode of assault employing smallest strength possible for surprise attack against limited objective. Kindly learn general atmosphere here [Tokyo] from [Operations] Major Arao Okikatsu." The 20th of July proved to be a hectic day in Korea, and even more so in Tokyo. The division had informed the Korea Army that it was finally "ready to go," a message received in Seoul in the early hours. Then Arisue received a wire from Inada presenting limited-attack plans and noting that Arao was on the way. By that day, Japanese intelligence judged there were 400 Soviet troops and two or three mountain guns south of Paksikori. Russian positions at Changkufeng had been reinforced, but no aggressive intentions could be detected. Soviet ground elements, as well as materiel, appeared to be moving from Vladivostok and Slavyanka toward Posyet. Suetaka headed back to the front. Sato told him that it was absolutely necessary to occupy Chiangchunfeng Hill across the Tumen in Manchurian territory. Upon reaching the Wuchiatzu sector and inspecting the situation, Suetaka agreed to send a small unit to Chiangchunfeng on his own authority.  Colonel Sato Kotoku had ordered one company to move across the Tumen toward Chiangchunfeng on 21 July, a maneuver that did not escape the Russians' notice. On 24 July, the same day another Japanese unit occupied Shangchiaoshan Hill, Marshal Blyukher ordered the 40th Rifle Division, stationed in the Posyet area to be placed on combat readiness, with a force of regulars assigned to back the Soviet border guards; two reinforced rifle battalions were detached as a reserve. According to Japanese records, Russian border patrols began appearing around Huichungyuan, Yangkuanping, and Shachaofeng from 26 July, but no serious incidents were reported at that stage. At about 9:30 am on 29 July, Captain Kanda, the 2nd Company commander of Lieutenant Colonel Senda's 76th Border Garrison Unit, was observing the Shachaofeng area from his Kucheng cantonments. Through his glasses, Kanda observed four or five Soviet soldiers engaged in construction on high ground on the west side of Shachaofeng. Kanda notified Senda, who was at BGU Headquarters inspecting the forward areas. Senda transmitted the information to Suetaka. Deciding to cross the Tumen for a closer look, Senda set off with Kanda. A little after 11 am, they reached Chiangchunfeng Hill, where the men from Captain Noguchi's company were already located. Senda verified, to his own satisfaction, that as many as 10 enemy infantrymen had "violated the border" to a depth of 350 meters, "even by the Soviets' contention", and were starting construction 1,000 meters south of Shachaofeng. Senda decided to oust the Russian force "promptly and resolutely," in light of the basic mission assigned his unit. He telephoned Suetaka, who was in Kyonghun, and supplied the intelligence and the recommendation. Subordinates recalled Suetaka's initial reaction when the BGU reported a Soviet intrusion about a mile and a half north of Changkufeng. "The arrogant Russians were making fools of the Japanese, or were trying to. At stake was not a trifling hill and a few invaders, but the honor of the Imperial Army. In the face of this insult, the general became furious. He insisted upon smashing the enemy right away."  Kanda phoned 2nd Lieutenant Sakuma, who was still at Kucheng, and told him to bring his 25-man platoon across the river by 2 pm Sakuma crossed by boat and arrived at 1:30. Kanda set out from Chiangchunfeng at 2:20, took over Sakuma's unit, bore east, and approached within 700 meters of the enemy. He ordered the men not to fire unless fired upon, and to withdraw quickly after routing the Russians. It is said that the Japanese troops were fired upon as they advanced in deployed formation but did not respond at first. In a valley, casualties were incurred and the Japanese finally returned fire. Sakuma's 1st Squad leader took a light machine gun and pinned down the Russians facing him. Sakuma himself pressed forward with his other two squads, taking advantage of the slope to envelop the enemy from the right. At the same time, he sent a patrol to the high ground on the left to cover the platoon's flank. Thanks to the 1st Squad's frontal assault, the Russians had no chance to worry about their wings, and Sakuma moved forward to a point only 30 meters from the foe's rear. Kanda was now 50 meters from the Russians. When the enemy light machine gun let up, he ordered a charge and, in the lead, personally cut down one of the foe. Sakuma also rushed the Soviets, but when about to bring down his saber he was stabbed in the face while another Russian struck him in the shoulder. Grappling with this assailant, Sakuma felled him. Other Japanese attackers sabered two more Russians and shot the rest. By 3:10 pm the eight enemy "trespassers" had been annihilated. The covering patrol reported that five Soviet horsemen, with a light machine gun, were galloping up from Khasan. Sakuma had his platoon fire grenade dischargers, which smashed the enemy. Seventy more Russian soldiers now came, attacking from northwest of the lake and supported by fire from the east side. Using light machine guns and grenade dischargers, Sakuma checked them. Meanwhile, Miyashita's platoon, part of Noguchi's company, had departed from Chiangchunfeng at 2:20 pm and swung right until it reached the crestline between Changkufeng and Kanda's company. One squad faced 200 Russians on Changkufeng; the other faced the enemy south of Shachaofeng. Soviet forces opened intense machine-gun fire from Changkufeng and from the high ground east of the lake. After 20 minutes, Kanda's unit charged, two or three Russians fled, and Miyashita's platoon shot one down. Senda, who had gone with Miyashita, directed the platoon's movements and proceeded north, under fire, to Kanda's unit. Once the Russians had been cleared out, Senda forbade pursuit across the boundary and gradually withdrew his forces to the heights line 800 meters southwest. It was 4:30 then. By 5 pm Soviet reinforcements, apparently brought up from the Changkufeng and Paksikori sectors, advanced anew. With 80 men in the front lines, the enemy pushed across the border to a depth of at least 500 meters, according to the Japanese, and began to establish positions. Several tanks and many troops could be observed in the rear. Senda had Noguchi's company hold Chiangchunfeng. Kanda's unit, reinforced by 33 men from Kucheng, was to occupy the heights southwest of Shachaofeng, while Imagawa's company of the 76th Regiment was to occupy other high ground to the west. Senda then reported the situation to Suetaka in Kyonghun and asked for reinforcements. In Seoul, Army headquarters understood the developments reported by Suetaka as a response to the hostile border violation, and about 20 men of the Kucheng BGU under Lt. Sakuma drove the enemy out between 2:30 and 3 pm. Afterward, Sakuma pulled back to high ground two kilometers south of Yangkuanping to avoid trouble and was now observing the foe. Although Seoul had heard nothing about Japanese losses, Corp. Akaishizawa Kunihiko personally observed that Kanda had been wounded in the face by a grenade and bandaged, that Sakuma had been bayoneted twice and also bandaged, and that the dead lay on the grass, covered with raincoats. According to Suetaka "the enemy who had crossed the border south of Shachaofeng suffered losses and pulled back once as a result of our attack at about 2:30 pm". By about 4:30, Suetaka continued, the Russians had built up their strength and attacked the platoon on the heights southwest of Shachaofeng. Behind the Russian counterattack, there were now several tanks. Earlier, Suetaka noted ominously that several rounds of artillery had been fired from the Changkufeng area; "therefore, we reinforced our units too, between 5 and 6 pm., and both sides are confronting each other." Details as to the fate of Sakuma's platoon are not given, but it is now admitted that casualties were incurred on both sides. The Korea Army Headquarters consequently reported to Tokyo in the evening that, according to information from the division, 20 Japanese had driven out the Russians near Shachaofeng; 25 men from Senda's unit were occupying the heights 600 meters west of Changkufeng; and another 16 men were deployed in ambush at Yangkuanping. Such an enumeration would have tended to suggest that only a few dozen Japanese were across the Tumen on the 29th. But a review of the numbers of combat troops committed and the reinforcements sent by Senda reveals that Japanese strength across the river was in the hundreds by nightfall. In Moscow, Tass reported that on 29 July detachments of Japanese-Manchukuoan intruders had attempted to seize high ground apparently located 0.5 miles north of a Russian position. The assailants had been "completely repelled from Soviet territory, as a result of measures taken by Russian frontier guards," and instructions had been sent to the embassy in Tokyo to protest strongly. Walter Duranty, the veteran American correspondent in Moscow, heard that the Japanese press had published reports, likely intended for internal consumption, that hours of furious fighting had occurred at the points in question. Since the dispatches were unsubstantiated and "failed to gain credence anywhere outside Japan," Duranty claimed this may have forced the Japanese to translate into action their boast of "applying force" unless their demands were satisfied. "Now, it appears, they have applied force, unsuccessfully." The Soviet communiqué on the Shachaofeng affair, despite its firm tone, appeared unostentatiously in the following day's Pravda and Izvestiya under the headline, "Japanese Militarists Continue Their Provocation." The Japanese Embassy in Moscow heard nothing about the Shachaofeng affray until the morning of the 30th, when a wire was received from the Gaimusho that ten Russian soldiers had occupied a position northwest of Changkufeng and had begun trench work until ejected by frontier guards. Since the Russian communiqué spoke of afternoon fighting, American correspondents concluded that Soviet troops must have counterattacked and driven off the Japanese. No additional information was available to the public in Moscow on the 30th, perhaps because it was a holiday. Nevertheless, in the afternoon, Stalin's colleague Kaganovich addressed an immense crowd in Moscow on "Railroad Day" and at the conclusion of a long, vigorous speech said:  "The Soviet Union is prepared to meet all enemies, east or west." It certainly was not a fighting speech and there is no reason to suppose the Soviet will abandon its firm peace policy unless Japan deliberately forced the issue. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Diplomacy flickered as Moscow pressed restraint and Tokyo whispered calculated bravado. As July wore on, both sides massed troops, built trenches, and sent scouts across the river. A tense, hidden war unfolded, skirmishes, patrols, and small advances, until a fleeting moment when force collided with restraint, and the hill's future hung in the frost.

Visit our website:https://www.thewealthwarehousepodcast.com/This week on Wealth Warehouse, Dave and Paul kick around the hot “50-year mortgage” idea and why it may help (or hurt) depending on how you think about cash flow and control. Then they get practical: when you're practicing IBC, should extra dollars crush a policy loan… or go toward expanding your system? They dig into real-life tradeoffs, how to sequence cash before big expenses, and why capital base should be a priority over quick paydowns. Becoming Your Own Banker by Nelson Nash:https://infinitebanking.org/product/becoming-your-own-banker/ref/46/Episode Highlights:0:00 - Intro1:19 - Episode beginning2:52 - The 50-year mortgage11:47 - Expanding your system19:28 - I've got a policy loan I'm repaying..21:06 - Adding new capital24:02 - As you get more policies30:46 - Episode wrap-upABOUT YOUR HOSTS:David Befort and Paul Fugere are the hosts of the Wealth Warehouse Podcast. David is the Founder/CEO of Max Performance Financial. He founded the company with the mission of educating people on the truths about money.David's mission is to show you how you can control your own money, earn guarantees, grow it tax-free, and maintain penalty-free access to it to leverage for opportunities that will provide passive income for the rest of your life.Paul, on the other hand, is an Active Duty U.S. Army officer who graduated from Norwich University in 2002 with a B.A. in History and again in 2012 with a M.A. in Diplomacy and International Terrorism. Paul met his wife Tammy at Norwich.As a family, they enjoy boating, traveling, sports, hunting, automobiles, and are self-proclaimed food people.Visit our website:https://www.thewealthwarehousepodcast.com/Catch up with David and Paul, visit the links below!Website: https://infinitebanking.org/agents/Fugere494https://infinitebanking.org/agents/Befort399LinkedIn:https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-a-befort-jr-09663972/https://www.linkedin.com/in/paul-fugere-762021b0/Email:davidandpaul@theibcguys.com

In November 1621, two communities—Wampanoag and English—came together at the edge of Patuxet for a shared harvest meal. While today we call this moment “The First Thanksgiving,” the historical reality is far richer and more culturally complex than the simplified story many of us grew up hearing.In this week's episode, we explore this early moment of connection with Malissa Costa (Mashpee Wampanoag) and Richard Pickering (Plimoth Patuxet Museums). Together, they guide us through the world of the Wampanoag in the early 17th century—what they wore, how they prepared deerskin through traditional brain-tanning methods, how diplomacy often involved gift-giving, including venison, and what agricultural knowledge they shared with the English that ultimately saved lives.Rather than a single act of generosity, the 1621 harvest feast emerges as a meeting point of two sophisticated cultures—each with its own traditions of giving thanks, diplomacy, and seasonal celebration. As we step into this history, we learn how deeply both communities valued gratitude, relationship, and the generosity of the land. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

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In this episode, Leslie Palti-Guzman exchanges with Ed Morse, one of the world's most respected voices in global oil markets, for a rapid strategic tour of today's biggest geopolitical flashpoints and how they're reshaping energy flows. We discuss why oil prices have remained remarkably stable despite shocks in the Middle East and Latin America, and why the Brent and WTI forward curves are telling a deeper story about fundamentals vs. geopolitics. We cover:

The USS Gerald R. Ford and Gunboat Diplomacy in the Caribbean Guest: Rebecca Grant Rebecca Grant affirmed that the arrival of the USS Gerald R. Ford supercarrier in the Caribbean is the "top symbol of American power," providing significant strike and surveillance options, with the rapid deployment being unusual and signaling a large strategic shift to reassert U.S. interests in the Western Hemisphere, pressure Maduro, and push back against Chinese and Russian influence, and Grant agreed with China's label of the action as "gunboat diplomacy," noting that it is strategically effective in signaling America's seriousness about the region. 1904

In this episode of The President's Daily Brief: Newly uncovered emails reveal Jeffrey Epstein's sprawling network of foreign contacts — and his extraordinary claims that he was feeding Russian associates insight into Donald Trump's policy decisions. Poland deploys security forces after a critical rail line to Ukraine is blown up in what officials are calling a suspected act of sabotage. Plus — thousands of demonstrators in Mexico City clash with police during protests over cartel violence and government inaction. And in today's Back of the Brief — a notorious Ecuadorian drug kingpin who faked his own death has finally been captured in Spain, ending four years on the run. To listen to the show ad-free, become a premium member of The President's Daily Brief by visiting https://PDBPremium.com. Please remember to subscribe if you enjoyed this episode of The President's Daily Brief. YouTube: youtube.com/@presidentsdailybrief Rugiet: Ready to give Rugiet a try? Get 15% off your first order by going to http://rugiet.com/PDB and using code PDB. Rugiet prescriptions are compounded medications, available only if prescribed following an online consultation with a licensed clinician. Compounded drugs can be prescribed by federal law, but are not FDA-approved and have not been reviewed by the FDA for safety, effectiveness, or manufacturing. Individual results may vary. Full safety information available at https://Rugiet.com  Lean: Visit https://BrickhouseSale.comfor 30% off StopBox: Not only do you get 10% Off your entire order when you use code PDB10 at https://stopboxusa.com/PDB10, but they are also giving you Buy One Get One Free for their StopBox Pro. #stopboxpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Geopolitics are no longer a tailwind for businesses today, opening markets and boosting global trade. Instead, argues ESSEC Business School associate professor Srividya Jandhyala, rising national security concerns and protectionist economic policies have created a headwind for many organizations, and that's changing how executives need to operate. She explains what's changed in the global balance of power, how it's affecting even small to medium-sized companies and unexpected industries —from shrimp farming to fast fashion -- and why leaders need new talent and risk management strategies to adapt. Jandhyala is the author of the book The Great Disruption.

President Donald Trump is considering diplomacy as well as military options in his response to his claims of Venezuela's president's alleged drug trafficking. A second city in North Carolina is now a target for ICE raids. The UN has voted on the US-drafted Gaza peace resolution. The cost of rebuilding the Baltimore bridge is going to be much more expensive than initially thought. Plus, Cambridge Dictionary's word of the year describes a growing modern phenomenon. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

A story about international burger orders and new pen-pals. Read more about the burger buddies here ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★