Podcasts about 600mb

Todos los sábados en Fuera de Series recuperamos episodios publicados en los otros programas de nuestra cadena, que podéis encontrar en http://fueradeseries.com CJ Navas y Juan Francisco Bellón comentan, sin spoilers, los últimos estrenos de series de televisión y documentales. En este programa analizamos ‘La Red Púrpura, la segunda temporada de Loki, Urban: la vida es nuestra, la tercera temporada de Lupin, Codename: Annila, y repasamos las series documentales, La familia Stallone y la cuarta temporada de Las Kardashian. Patrocinador: Con la tarifa Vodafone One Ilimitada duo, además de Fibra de 600Mb y dos líneas móviles ilimitadas a velocidad 5G, tienes Vodafone Televisión con más de 60 canales y HBO Max o Disney+ y Prime, para que nunca más te sientas huérfano de series. Pásate por https://vodafone.es/series Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Todos los sábados en Fuera de Series recuperamos episodios publicados en los otros programas de nuestra cadena, que podéis encontrar en http://fueradeseries.com CJ Navas y Juan Francisco Bellón comentan, sin spoilers, los últimos estrenos de series de televisión y documentales. En este programa analizamos Gen V, Blue Lights, Déjate Ver, El Ladrón, su esposa y la canoa y repasaremos los documentales Kelce y Las Supermodelos. Patrocinador: Con la tarifa Vodafone One Ilimitada duo, además de Fibra de 600Mb y dos líneas móviles ilimitadas a velocidad 5G, tienes Vodafone Televisión con más de 60 canales y HBO Max o Disney+ y Prime, para que nunca más te sientas huérfano de series y todo esto, por solo 70,60€ al mes. Pásate por https://vodafone.es/series Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Todos los sábados en Fuera de Series recuperamos episodios publicados en los otros programas de nuestra cadena, que podéis encontrar en http://fueradeseries.com CJ Navas y Juan Francisco Bellón comentan, sin spoilers, los últimos estrenos de series de televisión y documentales. En este programa analizamos ‘The Continental, la temporada final de Sex Education, el documental de Filmin: Terenci: La fabulación infinita, Noches en Vela, Golpe de Revés, y Black Snow. Patrocinador: Con la tarifa Vodafone One Ilimitada duo, además de Fibra de 600Mb y dos líneas móviles ilimitadas a velocidad 5G, tienes Vodafone Televisión con más de 60 canales y HBO Max o Disney+ y Prime, para que nunca más te sientas huérfano de series y todo esto, por solo 70,60€ al mes. Pásate por http://vodafone.es/series Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

If you download movies with your smartphone or laptop, 4anime can offer videos and movies in 300MB, 600MB, 2GB, 4GB sizes.As governments are doing their best to prevent piracy, illegal free movie download sites can be blocked at any time. To keep their businesses afloat, the employees behind these websites try to create new ones and continue to leak popular videos and shows.So you can say that there are a lot of alternatives to 4anime. Most of the videos on these sites are high quality and up to date and the audience never has to delay their entertainment.

Episode 51 - A Lot of Little ThingsKyle and Gilbert talk about, uh, a lot of little things.Show NotesGilbert's 4TB SSDs. Note: Gilbert is noticing some cache-based throttling during very large file transfers, dropping speeds in RAID0 from 1.3GB/s to 600MB/s. This is disappointing (even 1.3GB/s is disappointing in a way -- it should be closer to 2GB/s), but won't always be a factor. Plus, the RAID0 speed still exceeds that of typical external SSDs. However, if you're using a single drive (a config that doesn't benefit from the RAID0 multiplier), and you're frequently transferring large collections of files (>200GB), you might see performance as low as 150MB/s. This is just as bad as a good quality "fast" spinning disk.Some good tracks to test your speakers or headphones.Gilbert's HomePod mini Twitter thread.Gilbert's M1 MacBook Air Twitter thread.Unauthorized FCPXSony FX6Canon C70Best of Five: The Classic Tetris ChampionsCheck out Sharky.Chris Higgins on Piece Dependency Podcast (YouTube). Great episode, really dives into the what and why of documentary series. Here's the Overcast link.

This edition of programme was subtitled “Crime Time”, a tongue in cheek look at the offshore pirate radio ship Laser 558, later sold to East Anglian Productions. I spoke with Ray Anderson, who said that Laser was going to Gibraltar. The UK Customs authorities have been very active in trying to prevent the ship leaving the UK. Ray Anderson says he has made a profit on the sale of the vessel. In InfoDutch, we talk about the HCC Hobby Club and the new CD-ROM player which can store a massive 600MB of data (remember this was the era of data on compact cassettes). We discuss the use of modems and the FIDO computer network. Victor Goonetilleke and Sarath Weerakoon report on new stations being launched in Sri Lanka. TWR is going on shortwave. RAE Argentina is being heard in South Asia on 15345 kHz at 1745 UTC.  

SOOOOOO.... I am in the process of uploading the archives of this podcast feed which used to be housed on SoundCloud over to Bandcamp (the show was previously titled The Jeffkkast) and I hit a snag at Episode #377 because that episode was the full-length director's commentary of SB LII Eagles v Patriots. I couldn't figure out to resize the lossless file for Bandcamp below 600MB (the smallest I could get it was 700). SO I'm re-upping it here and linking to this spot so folks can check it out. It's really dumb. This whole things is very stupid and I'm sorry. This podcast is a proud presentation of http://MyAmeri.ca industries. Write letters to the show @ myspacethepodcast@gmail.com. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/myspace/support

# News * Marco und der SuperBowl * Deutsche Post kommt mit WhatsApp Alternative (SimsMe): https://www.mobiflip.de/shortnews/simsme-deutsche-post/ * SAML Token encryption in AAD (public preview): https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/Azure-Active-Directory-Identity/Announcing-the-public-preview-for-SAML-token-encryption-support/ba-p/331867 * File Manager 'für OneDrive': https://www.microsoft.com/store/productId/9P7VBBBC49RB * Teams kommt ins Office Paket * Team Limit von 2.500 auf 5.000 erhöht: https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/forums/555103-public/suggestions/31930651-increase-user-limit-above-2500 * Microsoft Teams Priority Notification & Message Delegation: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/blog/2019/02/07/new-capabilities-in-microsoft-365-empower-healthcare-professionals/ * Das neue OWA kommt für alle: https://twitter.com/OfficeNews/status/1090323720042889216?s=20 * Spotify hat Anchor gekauft: http://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/spotify-will-mehr-podcasts-anbieten-und-kauft-produktionsfirmen-a-1251912.html # Teams is complete != finished Microsofts Sicht: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/roadmap?filters=Rolling%20Out%2CIn%20Development&searchterms=Teams#owRoadmapMainContent * Rolling out * New File experience * Firstline Worker * Webparts as Tabs (heute braucht es ne Page drum herum) * Connect Site with one click * Dev * Yammer Tab * Broadcast meetings * Teams Info am Ordner wenn channel * ProPlus integration Community Sicht: https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/forums/555103-public * Private Channels (Working on it) 16k * Group Calaneder in Teams (Working on it) 8k * Compact Mode (Planned) 6k * Multi Team Account (Working on it) 6k * Linux Client (On Backlog) 6k * Better planner Integration (partially done) 6k * Who is online in a channel (working on it) 5k * Archive channel (On the backlog) 5k * Teams uses 600MB and is super slow! (Working on it) 4k +1 * Multi Window (working on it) 3k * Access Email from left panel (under review) 3k # Nick Cave, Yuval Harari und Machine Learning Die Basis-Technologie von Azure AD Identity Protection lässt sich in zwei Punkten erläutern: * Yuval Harari: 21 Lektionen für das 21. Jahrhundert: https://www.ynharari.com/de/ * AI wird Musik kreativer und besser machen, als der Mensch das könnte * https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/nick-cave-songwriting-kuenstliche-intelligenz-1.4314308!amp * Cave: Super Buch, aber, die AI wird nie Musik machen können, die 'menschlich' ist (z.B. 'Smells like Teen Spirit') * Reality Check, wo stehen wir --> Zero Alpha ('Schach'), Alexa & Siri, Microsoft Azure Machine Learning Studio * Getting started azure machine learning: https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/ITOps-Talk-Blog/Step-By-Step-Getting-Started-with-Azure-Machine-Learning/ba-p/331327 * Identity Protection, WD ATP & Office ATP, Smart Lockout # Feedback, Kritik, Lob, Fragen? * Email: podcast@hairlessinthecloud.com * Twitter: @hairlesscloud * Web: www.hairlessinthecloud.com (Links zu allen Podcast Plattformen) * YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZyx8_G8bbB0YsjMLUGE87Q * Coverarts by CARO (mit Hilfe von pixabay.com)

OpenZFS and DTrace updates in NetBSD, NetBSD network security stack audit, Performance of MySQL on ZFS, OpenSMTP results from p2k18, legacy Windows backup to FreeNAS, ZFS block size importance, and NetBSD as router on a stick. ##Headlines ZFS and DTrace update lands in NetBSD merge a new version of the CDDL dtrace and ZFS code. This changes the upstream vendor from OpenSolaris to FreeBSD, and this version is based on FreeBSD svn r315983. r315983 is from March 2017 (14 months ago), so there is still more work to do in addition to the 10 years of improvements from upstream, this version also has these NetBSD-specific enhancements: dtrace FBT probes can now be placed in kernel modules. ZFS now supports mmap(). This brings NetBSD 10 years forward, and they should be able to catch the rest of the way up fairly quickly ###NetBSD network stack security audit Maxime Villard has been working on an audit of the NetBSD network stack, a project sponsored by The NetBSD Foundation, which has served all users of BSD-derived operating systems. Over the last five months, hundreds of patches were committed to the source tree as a result of this work. Dozens of bugs were fixed, among which a good number of actual, remotely-triggerable vulnerabilities. Changes were made to strengthen the networking subsystems and improve code quality: reinforce the mbuf API, add many KASSERTs to enforce assumptions, simplify packet handling, and verify compliance with RFCs. This was done in several layers of the NetBSD kernel, from device drivers to L4 handlers. In the course of investigating several bugs discovered in NetBSD, I happened to look at the network stacks of other operating systems, to see whether they had already fixed the issues, and if so how. Needless to say, I found bugs there too. A lot of code is shared between the BSDs, so it is especially helpful when one finds a bug, to check the other BSDs and share the fix. The IPv6 Buffer Overflow: The overflow allowed an attacker to write one byte of packet-controlled data into ‘packetstorage+off’, where ‘off’ could be approximately controlled too. This allowed at least a pretty bad remote DoS/Crash The IPsec Infinite Loop: When receiving an IPv6-AH packet, the IPsec entry point was not correctly computing the length of the IPv6 suboptions, and this, before authentication. As a result, a specially-crafted IPv6 packet could trigger an infinite loop in the kernel (making it unresponsive). In addition this flaw allowed a limited buffer overflow - where the data being written was however not controllable by the attacker. The IPPROTO Typo: While looking at the IPv6 Multicast code, I stumbled across a pretty simple yet pretty bad mistake: at one point the Pim6 entry point would return IPPROTONONE instead of IPPROTODONE. Returning IPPROTONONE was entirely wrong: it caused the kernel to keep iterating on the IPv6 packet chain, while the packet storage was already freed. The PF Signedness Bug: A bug was found in NetBSD’s implementation of the PF firewall, that did not affect the other BSDs. In the initial PF code a particular macro was used as an alias to a number. This macro formed a signed integer. NetBSD replaced the macro with a sizeof(), which returns an unsigned result. The NPF Integer Overflow: An integer overflow could be triggered in NPF, when parsing an IPv6 packet with large options. This could cause NPF to look for the L4 payload at the wrong offset within the packet, and it allowed an attacker to bypass any L4 filtering rule on IPv6. The IPsec Fragment Attack: I noticed some time ago that when reassembling fragments (in either IPv4 or IPv6), the kernel was not removing the MPKTHDR flag on the secondary mbufs in mbuf chains. This flag is supposed to indicate that a given mbuf is the head of the chain it forms; having the flag on secondary mbufs was suspicious. What Now: Not all protocols and layers of the network stack were verified, because of time constraints, and also because of unexpected events: the recent x86 CPU bugs, which I was the only one able to fix promptly. A todo list will be left when the project end date is reached, for someone else to pick up. Me perhaps, later this year? We’ll see. This security audit of NetBSD’s network stack is sponsored by The NetBSD Foundation, and serves all users of BSD-derived operating systems. The NetBSD Foundation is a non-profit organization, and welcomes any donations that help continue funding projects of this kind. DigitalOcean ###MySQL on ZFS Performance I used sysbench to create a table of 10M rows and then, using export/import tablespace, I copied it 329 times. I ended up with 330 tables for a total size of about 850GB. The dataset generated by sysbench is not very compressible, so I used lz4 compression in ZFS. For the other ZFS settings, I used what can be found in my earlier ZFS posts but with the ARC size limited to 1GB. I then used that plain configuration for the first benchmarks. Here are the results with the sysbench point-select benchmark, a uniform distribution and eight threads. The InnoDB buffer pool was set to 2.5GB. In both cases, the load is IO bound. The disk is doing exactly the allowed 3000 IOPS. The above graph appears to be a clear demonstration that XFS is much faster than ZFS, right? But is that really the case? The way the dataset has been created is extremely favorable to XFS since there is absolutely no file fragmentation. Once you have all the files opened, a read IOP is just a single fseek call to an offset and ZFS doesn’t need to access any intermediate inode. The above result is about as fair as saying MyISAM is faster than InnoDB based only on table scan performance results of unfragmented tables and default configuration. ZFS is much less affected by the file level fragmentation, especially for point access type. ZFS stores the files in B-trees in a very similar fashion as InnoDB stores data. To access a piece of data in a B-tree, you need to access the top level page (often called root node) and then one block per level down to a leaf-node containing the data. With no cache, to read something from a three levels B-tree thus requires 3 IOPS. The extra IOPS performed by ZFS are needed to access those internal blocks in the B-trees of the files. These internal blocks are labeled as metadata. Essentially, in the above benchmark, the ARC is too small to contain all the internal blocks of the table files’ B-trees. If we continue the comparison with InnoDB, it would be like running with a buffer pool too small to contain the non-leaf pages. The test dataset I used has about 600MB of non-leaf pages, about 0.1% of the total size, which was well cached by the 3GB buffer pool. So only one InnoDB page, a leaf page, needed to be read per point-select statement. To correctly set the ARC size to cache the metadata, you have two choices. First, you can guess values for the ARC size and experiment. Second, you can try to evaluate it by looking at the ZFS internal data. Let’s review these two approaches. You’ll read/hear often the ratio 1GB of ARC for 1TB of data, which is about the same 0.1% ratio as for InnoDB. I wrote about that ratio a few times, having nothing better to propose. Actually, I found it depends a lot on the recordsize used. The 0.1% ratio implies a ZFS recordsize of 128KB. A ZFS filesystem with a recordsize of 128KB will use much less metadata than another one using a recordsize of 16KB because it has 8x fewer leaf pages. Fewer leaf pages require less B-tree internal nodes, hence less metadata. A filesystem with a recordsize of 128KB is excellent for sequential access as it maximizes compression and reduces the IOPS but it is poor for small random access operations like the ones MySQL/InnoDB does. In order to improve ZFS performance, I had 3 options: Increase the ARC size to 7GB Use a larger Innodb page size like 64KB Add a L2ARC I was reluctant to grow the ARC to 7GB, which was nearly half the overall system memory. At best, the ZFS performance would only match XFS. A larger InnoDB page size would increase the CPU load for decompression on an instance with only two vCPUs; not great either. The last option, the L2ARC, was the most promising. ZFS is much more complex than XFS and EXT4 but, that also means it has more tunables/options. I used a simplistic setup and an unfair benchmark which initially led to poor ZFS results. With the same benchmark, very favorable to XFS, I added a ZFS L2ARC and that completely reversed the situation, more than tripling the ZFS results, now 66% above XFS. Conclusion We have seen in this post why the general perception is that ZFS under-performs compared to XFS or EXT4. The presence of B-trees for the files has a big impact on the amount of metadata ZFS needs to handle, especially when the recordsize is small. The metadata consists mostly of the non-leaf pages (or internal nodes) of the B-trees. When properly cached, the performance of ZFS is excellent. ZFS allows you to optimize the use of EBS volumes, both in term of IOPS and size when the instance has fast ephemeral storage devices. Using the ephemeral device of an i3.large instance for the ZFS L2ARC, ZFS outperformed XFS by 66%. ###OpenSMTPD new config TL;DR: OpenBSD #p2k18 hackathon took place at Epitech in Nantes. I was organizing the hackathon but managed to make progress on OpenSMTPD. As mentioned at EuroBSDCon the one-line per rule config format was a design error. A new configuration grammar is almost ready and the underlying structures are simplified. Refactor removes ~750 lines of code and solves _many issues that were side-effects of the design error. New features are going to be unlocked thanks to this. Anatomy of a design error OpenSMTPD started ten years ago out of dissatisfaction with other solutions, mainly because I considered them way too complex for me not to get things wrong from time to time. The initial configuration format was very different, I was inspired by pyr@’s hoststated, which eventually became relayd, and designed my configuration format with blocks enclosed by brackets. When I first showed OpenSMTPD to pyr@, he convinced me that PF-like one-line rules would be awesome, and it was awesome indeed. It helped us maintain our goal of simple configuration files, it helped fight feature creeping, it helped us gain popularity and become a relevant MTA, it helped us get where we are now 10 years later. That being said, I believe this was a design error. A design error that could not have been predicted until we hit the wall to understand WHY this was an error. One-line rules are semantically wrong, they are SMTP wrong, they are wrong. One-line rules are making the entire daemon more complex, preventing some features from being implemented, making others more complex than they should be, they no longer serve our goals. To get to the point: we should move to two-line rules :-) Anatomy of a design error OpenSMTPD started ten years ago out of dissatisfaction with other solutions, mainly because I considered them way too complex for me not to get things wrong from time to time. The initial configuration format was very different, I was inspired by pyr@’s hoststated, which eventually became relayd, and designed my configuration format with blocks enclosed by brackets. When I first showed OpenSMTPD to pyr@, he convinced me that PF-like one-line rules would be awesome, and it was awesome indeed. It helped us maintain our goal of simple configuration files, it helped fight feature creeping, it helped us gain popularity and become a relevant MTA, it helped us get where we are now 10 years later. That being said, I believe this was a design error. A design error that could not have been predicted until we hit the wall to understand WHY this was an error. One-line rules are semantically wrong, they are SMTP wrong, they are wrong. One-line rules are making the entire daemon more complex, preventing some features from being implemented, making others more complex than they should be, they no longer serve our goals. To get to the point: we should move to two-line rules :-) The problem with one-line rules OpenSMTPD decides to accept or reject messages based on one-line rules such as: accept from any for domain poolp.org deliver to mbox Which can essentially be split into three units: the decision: accept/reject the matching: from any for domain poolp.org the (default) action: deliver to mbox To ensure that we meet the requirements of the transactions, the matching must be performed during the SMTP transaction before we take a decision for the recipient. Given that the rule is atomic, that it doesn’t have an identifier and that the action is part of it, the two only ways to make sure we can remember the action to take later on at delivery time is to either: save the action in the envelope, which is what we do today evaluate the envelope again at delivery And this this where it gets tricky… both solutions are NOT ok. The first solution, which we’ve been using for a decade, was to save the action within the envelope and kind of carve it in stone. This works fine… however it comes with the downsides that errors fixed in configuration files can’t be caught up by envelopes, that delivery action must be validated way ahead of time during the SMTP transaction which is much trickier, that the parsing of delivery methods takes place as the _smtpd user rather than the recipient user, and that envelope structures that are passed all over OpenSMTPD carry delivery-time informations, and more, and more, and more. The code becomes more complex in general, less safe in some particular places, and some areas are nightmarish to deal with because they have to deal with completely unrelated code that can’t be dealt with later in the code path. The second solution can’t be done. An envelope may be the result of nested rules, for example an external client, hitting an alias, hitting a user with a .forward file resolving to a user. An envelope on disk may no longer match any rule or it may match a completely different rule If we could ensure that it matched the same rule, evaluating the ruleset may spawn new envelopes which would violate the transaction. Trying to imagine how we could work around this leads to more and more and more RFC violations, incoherent states, duplicate mails, etc… There is simply no way to deal with this with atomic rules, the matching and the action must be two separate units that are evaluated at two different times, failure to do so will necessarily imply that you’re either using our first solution and all its downsides, or that you are currently in a world of pain trying to figure out why everything is burning around you. The minute the action is written to an on-disk envelope, you have failed. A proper ruleset must define a set of matching patterns resolving to an action identifier that is carved in stone, AND a set of named action set that is resolved dynamically at delivery time. Follow the link above to see the rest of the article Break ##News Roundup Backing up a legacy Windows machine to a FreeNAS with rsync I have some old Windows servers (10 years and counting) and I have been using rsync to back them up to my FreeNAS box. It has been working great for me. First of all, I do have my Windows servers backup in virtualized format. However, those are only one-time snapshops that I run once in a while. These are classic ASP IIS web servers that I can easily put up on a new VM. However, many of these legacy servers generate gigabytes of data a day in their repositories. Running VM conversion daily is not ideal. My solution was to use some sort of rsync solution just for the data repos. I’ve tried some applications that didn’t work too well with Samba shares and these old servers have slow I/O. Copying files to external sata or usb drive was not ideal. We’ve moved on from Windows to Linux and do not have any Windows file servers of capacity to provide network backups. Hence, I decided to use Delta Copy with FreeNAS. So here is a little write up on how to set it up. I have 4 Windows 2000 servers backing up daily with this method. First, download Delta Copy and install it. It is open-source and pretty much free. It is basically a wrapper for cygwin’s rsync. When you install it, it will ask you to install the Server services which allows you to run it as a Rsync server on Windows. You don’t need to do this. Instead, you will be just using the Delta Copy Client application. But before we do that, we will need to configure our Rsync service for our Windows Clients on FreeNAS. In FreeNAS, go under Services , Select Rsync > Rsync Modules > Add Rsync Module. Then fill out the form; giving the module a name and set the path. In my example, I simply called it WIN and linked it to a user called backupuser. This process is much easier than trying to configure the daemon rsyncd.conf file by hand. Now, on the Windows Client, start the DeltaCopy Client. You will create a new Profile. You will need to enter the IP of the Rsync server (FreeNAS) and specify the module name which will be called “Virtual Directory Name.” When you pull the select menu, the list of Rsync Modules you created earlier in FreeNAS will populate. You can set authentication. On the server, you can restrict by IP and do other things to lock down your rsync. Next, you will add folders (and/or files) you want to synchronize. Once the paths are set up, you can run a sync by right clicking the profile name. Here, I made a test sync to a home folder of a virtualized windows box. As you can see, I mounted the rsync volume on my mac to see the progress. The rsync worked beautifully. DeltaCopy did what it was told. Once you get everything working. The next thing to do is set schedules. If you done tasks schedules in Windows before, it is pretty straightforward. DeltaCopy has a link in the application to directly create a new task for you. I set my backups to run nightly and it has been working great. There you have it. Windows rsync to FreeNAS using DeltaCopy. The nice thing about FreeNAS is you don’t have to modify /etc/rsyncd.conf files. Everything can be done in the web admin. iXsystems ###How to write ATF tests for NetBSD I have recently started contributing to the amazing NetBSD foundation. I was thinking of trying out a new OS for a long time. Switching to the NetBSD OS has been a fun change. My first contribution to the NetBSD foundation was adding regression tests for the Address Sanitizer (ASan) in the Automated Testing Framework(ATF) which NetBSD has. I managed to complete it with the help of my really amazing mentor Kamil. This post is gonna be about the ATF framework that NetBSD has and how to you can add multiple tests with ease. Intro In ATF tests we will basically be talking about test programs which are a suite of test cases for a specific application or program. The ATF suite of Commands There are a variety of commands that the atf suite offers. These include : atf-check: The versatile command that is a vital part of the checking process. man page atf-run: Command used to run a test program. man page atf-fail: Report failure of a test case. atf-report: used to pretty print the atf-run. man page atf-set: To set atf test conditions. We will be taking a better look at the syntax and usage later. Let’s start with the Basics The ATF testing framework comes preinstalled with a default NetBSD installation. It is used to write tests for various applications and commands in NetBSD. One can write the Test programs in either the C language or in shell script. In this post I will be dealing with the Bash part. Follow the link above to see the rest of the article ###The Importance of ZFS Block Size Warning! WARNING! Don’t just do things because some random blog says so One of the important tunables in ZFS is the recordsize (for normal datasets) and volblocksize (for zvols). These default to 128KB and 8KB respectively. As I understand it, this is the unit of work in ZFS. If you modify one byte in a large file with the default 128KB record size, it causes the whole 128KB to be read in, one byte to be changed, and a new 128KB block to be written out. As a result, the official recommendation is to use a block size which aligns with the underlying workload: so for example if you are using a database which reads and writes 16KB chunks then you should use a 16KB block size, and if you are running VMs containing an ext4 filesystem, which uses a 4KB block size, you should set a 4KB block size You can see it has a 16GB total file size, of which 8.5G has been touched and consumes space - that is, it’s a “sparse” file. The used space is also visible by looking at the zfs filesystem which this file resides in Then I tried to copy the image file whilst maintaining its “sparseness”, that is, only touching the blocks of the zvol which needed to be touched. The original used only 8.42G, but the copy uses 14.6GB - almost the entire 16GB has been touched! What’s gone wrong? I finally realised that the difference between the zfs filesystem and the zvol is the block size. I recreated the zvol with a 128K block size That’s better. The disk usage of the zvol is now exactly the same as for the sparse file in the filesystem dataset It does impact the read speed too. 4K blocks took 5:52, and 128K blocks took 3:20 Part of this is the amount of metadata that has to be read, see the MySQL benchmarks from earlier in the show And yes, using a larger block size will increase the compression efficiency, since the compressor has more redundant data to optimize. Some of the savings, and the speedup is because a lot less metadata had to be written Your zpool layout also plays a big role, if you use 4Kn disks, and RAID-Z2, using a volblocksize of 8k will actually result in a large amount of wasted space because of RAID-Z padding. Although, if you enable compression, your 8k records may compress to only 4k, and then all the numbers change again. ###Using a Raspberry Pi 2 as a Router on a Stick Starring NetBSD Sorry we didn’t answer you quickly enough A few weeks ago I set about upgrading my feeble networking skills by playing around with a Cisco 2970 switch. I set up a couple of VLANs and found the urge to set up a router to route between them. The 2970 isn’t a modern layer 3 switch so what am I to do? Why not make use of the Raspberry Pi 2 that I’ve never used and put it to some good use as a ‘router on a stick’. I could install a Linux based OS as I am quite familiar with it but where’s the fun in that? In my home lab I use SmartOS which by the way is a shit hot hypervisor but as far as I know there aren’t any Illumos distributions for the Raspberry Pi. On the desktop I use Solus OS which is by far the slickest Linux based OS that I’ve had the pleasure to use but Solus’ focus is purely desktop. It’s looking like BSD then! I believe FreeBSD is renowned for it’s top notch networking stack and so I wrote to the BSDNow show on Jupiter Broadcasting for some help but it seems that the FreeBSD chaps from the show are off on a jolly to some BSD conference or another(love the show by the way). It looks like me and the luvverly NetBSD are on a date this Saturday. I’ve always had a secret love for NetBSD. She’s a beautiful, charming and promiscuous lover(looking at the supported architectures) and I just can’t stop going back to her despite her misgivings(ahem, zfs). Just my type of grrrl! Let’s crack on… Follow the link above to see the rest of the article ##Beastie Bits BSD Jobs University of Aberdeen’s Internet Transport Research Group is hiring VR demo on OpenBSD via OpenHMD with OSVR HDK2 patch runs ed, and ed can run anything (mentions FreeBSD and OpenBSD) Alacritty (OpenGL-powered terminal emulator) now supports OpenBSD MAP_STACK Stack Register Checking Committed to -current EuroBSDCon CfP till June 17, 2018 Tarsnap ##Feedback/Questions NeutronDaemon - Tutorial request Kurt - Question about transferability/bi-directionality of ZFS snapshots and send/receive Peter - A Question and much love for BSD Now Peter - netgraph state Send questions, comments, show ideas/topics, or stories you want mentioned on the show to feedback@bsdnow.tv

Steven Strooh: The Four Kingdoms in the Book of Daniel - Part 1 [2:01:39] Click here for: High quality (1.31GB) Click here for: Low quality (600MB)

Episode #14: Voice Recording This is Learning in Hand: iPods. My name is Tony Vincent and this is the show where I share tips, how-tos, and ideas for iPods in teaching and learning. Episode 14, “Voice Recording” recorded September 2008, happens now! A popular student and teacher use of iPods is voice recording. While you can use a computer for recording, it’s handy to have a portable recording device for lectures, class discussions, announcements, interviews, and notes. Portable voice recorders can also be useful for recording podcasting segments. Sean Porter’s 4th graders in Lincoln, Nebraska have a segment in their Club 4Cast podcast called “Word of the Week.” The students ask others in their school building what the word of the week means. One response is the correct one and it’s the listener’s job to figure out which one that is. Let’s listen... (Segment Plays) Another great use for portable recording is to document field trips. These are sometimes called “Sound-Seeing Tours.” I like these because it makes students very aware of what they are seeing because they have to describe it with words. A couple years ago I used my iPod to record my trip through the Sonoran Desert Museum in Tucson, Arizona. The museum is actually outside in the hot, hot desert. I rested under a tree because it had a light mist floating in the air. There were two docents under the tree, so I asked about the moisture I felt. Let’s listen to what I recorded... (Segment Plays) Note that that recording was made using an older iPod--an iPod that could only record in low quality. Today’s iPod’s record in CD-quality. In fact, I’m using an iPod nano right now to record this whole episode. Sounds pretty good, huh? Unlike many other MP3 players, iPods do not have built-in microphones. You’ll have to purchase a microphone attachment. The good news is that iPods with click wheels have the Voice Recording software onboard--attaching a microphone activates that software. This means you don’t have to worry about loading an application on the iPod to make the recorder work. Voice recorder attachments connect to iPods using the dock connector at the bottom of the player. These attachments cost between $30 and $80. iPod nanos and classics released after September 2008 have the ability to record from the headphone jack. You can use earbuds with built-in microphones on the wires to record--headphones like the ones used by iPhones. Though, attachable microphones are better for recording more than one person and for capturing sounds that are far away, so I do prefer attachable microphones. Some of the dock connector attachments have a port to plug in your own microphone, like a lapel mic. They might also have a place to plug in a power supply so you can record longer without having to remove the attachment to charge the device. iPod microphone attachments might offer other features too, like built-in speakers so you can listen your recording without earbuds. Some offer stereo recording. But, for voice recording, stereo isn’t very important at all. After attaching a microphone, you should see Voice Memos listed in the iPod’s menu. Selecting it will give you a screen where you can start recording. After you begin recording, you can pause recording and start recording again, save, or delete. When saved, the voice memos are stored and listed by date and time. Newer iPods give you the option of labeling the recording with categories like podcast, interview, lecture, idea, meeting, and notes. The labels might come in useful if you end up with a lot of recordings on your iPod. There are two ways to get the recording off your iPod. The first method involves syncing the iPod to iTunes. If there are voice memos present on the device, iTunes will ask if you want to import them. If you click yes, the recording will appear in a playlist titled “Voice Memos.” That recording will be in WAV or Apple Lossless format. Apple’s iPods released after September 2008 record in Apple Lossless. Its file size is about 40% the size of a WAV file but is full CD-quality. The problem is that while all Apple software recognizes the Apple Lossless file format, most other software does not. You may need to use iTunes to convert the Apple Lossless file to WAV or MP3 formats. The other way to copy the recording off of an iPod is by using disk mode. With disk mode enabled, you can open an iPod like a flash drive. In the main folder will be a Recordings folder. Open that and you can see the WAV or Apple Lossless files inside. Just drag and drop these to your desktop or other folder to copy them there. Using disk mode means you don’t use iTunes to sync the recording from the device--which is nice because you may want to use the recording on a computer that doesn’t have iTunes or a computer that the iPod doesn’t normally sync to. You can expect a WAV file to be about 1MB in size for every minute--that’s 600MB an hour. When you convert a WAV file into MP3 or AAC formats, it’s about 1/10th the size. By default, iTunes will convert to AAC. Just select the file in iTunes and click Convert Selection to AAC from the Advanced Menu. You can change import options in iTunes’ Preferences to use MP3 or WAV instead of that AAC format. You might like to use Audacity or GarageBand to edit the recording. If the person doing the talking is anything like me, there will be plenty of goof-ups, requiring editing. To make editing easier, I suggest clicking the center button to insert chapter marks when a mistake is made. However, only the newest of iPods have this feature. And if you convert the file from Apple Lossless to WAV or MP3, you’ll lose the markers anyhow. So another tactic to mark where editing needs to occur is to scream into the microphone. This way when it’s imported into the audio editing program, you can clearly see the waveforms from the scream--and then that’s where you need to edit (and your listeners will appreciate you editing out the scream along with the mistake). If screaming isn’t your thing, you could simply blow for a few seconds into the mic instead. You’ll notice this waveform in the editing software, again signaling you where to edit. I’ve found that iPod nanos work better than classics for voice recording. That’s because the classic has a hard disk that spins up and down and you can actually hear that noise in your recording. The nano doesn’t have a hard disk since it only uses flash memory, making it completely silent. You might think a classic would be better because it offers more capacity so you can record longer. Well, recording a WAV file take up about 600MB per hour. So if you have 4GB of free space on a nano, you can record for nearly 7 hours before running out of space. The battery will run out before you run out of storage. But if you need more recording time (or need to store lots of long recordings because you can’t immediately transfer them to a computer), then maybe a classic is a better iPod for recording for you. But, for most all teachers and students, a nano is the best choice. With its current software, iPod touch cannot use an attachable microphone. When attached, the touch says that the device cannot be used. However, the newest 2nd generation iPod touch can record through the headset jack. It’s a matter of installing an application that allows you to record, as this is not currently built into touch’s software like it is in click wheel iPods. No matter what kind of iPod or microphone you use, recording yourself or others is a powerful way to learn and create. My nano and TuneTalk microphone helped me create this episode. That’s it for Episode 14. Thank you very much for listening. If you like this podcast, I’d appreciate you giving it a good review in iTunes. Stay lovely everyone!