Podcasts about reuven

Full TorahAnytime Lecture Video or Audio More classes from R' Reuven Epstein ⭐ 670

Every good deed and every effort we make is recognized and cherished by Hashem. Sometimes He even shows us this so clearly that we cannot miss it. A story began over a year ago with two single girls who undertook to learn a sefer on emunah every night together as a zechut to get engaged. They finished the book, but nothing seemed to change. Instead of giving up, they began the next volume. This time, on the fortieth day of their reading, one of the girls started dating the boy who would eventually become her husband. On the very day they became engaged, the title of the lesson they were up to in the emunah book was "Yirmiyahu's Blessing." Amazingly, her c hatan's name was Yirmiyahu. They continued their nightly emunah learning even after the first girl was married. Recently, a year later, the second girl also got engaged. Incredibly, the night before her engagement, the lesson they learned mentioned a shul by name — "Yeshu'at Yaakov." The very next day she got engaged to a boy whose name was Yaakov Yeshu'a. Hashem made it so obvious to them that He valued their nightly learning. The salvation did not come immediately, but they persisted. Of course, the greatest gift they received was not only the engagement itself, but the emunah they gained through their dedication. Another story was told to me by a man named David. Last year, when it appeared that his father, Raymond, had only a few days to live, David wanted to bring him some joy. Since Raymond loved music, David arranged for a friend to bring an instrument to play for him. They could not find a singer, so the friend suggested playing recordings of Chazzan Moshe Dwek, whose voice matched beautifully with his instrument. Raymond enjoyed the music immensely. Sadly, he passed away a few days later. Afterward, someone pointed out an astonishing detail: years earlier, when Moshe Dwek himself was ill in the hospital, Raymond had been at his side, lifting his spirits and giving him c hizuk . Now, even after Moshe Dwek had passed away, Hashem arranged that his recordings would soothe Raymond in his final days — a beautiful circle of kindness repaid. There was also a man, Yehuda, who shared a remarkable story about someone in his community, whom we'll call Reuven. Reuven was in need of a yeshu'ah and was advised by a rabbi to make sure he always invited guests for Shabbat and Yom Tov meals. From that point on, he worked hard to ensure he always had guests. That year, just two days before Pesah, Yehuda received a call asking if he knew of anyone who could host new neighbors for the Seder. These neighbors were not religious and lived close by — if the host lived far, they might end up driving, which would be a tragedy on Yom Tov. Yehuda immediately thought of Reuven and called him. Reuven was thrilled — for the first time since he had started hosting, he had not been able to find guests. This was his chance. Even more remarkable, when Yehuda asked where he lived in relation to the new neighbors, Reuven answered that he was just two houses away. Hashem had arranged the perfect match: Reuven's desire to fulfill the mitzvah of hachnasat orchim was met by the need of the new neighbors. Every act, every mitzvah, every ounce of effort we put forth is treasured by Hashem. Sometimes He shows us directly just how much He values it — reminding us that nothing we do for Him ever goes unnoticed.

Full TorahAnytime Lecture Video or Audio More classes from R' Eliezer Zeytouneh ⭐ 2,410

In this episode of ShiftShapers, host David A. Saltzman sits down with Reuven Shelef, CEO of Out of the Box Consulting and creator of the Untangling Complex Challenges methodology. Reuven shares why our brains default to negativity when faced with uncertainty—and how to move from emotional reactivity to clarity and action.With a blend of logic and emotional insight, Reuven helps leaders and teams understand how to recognize internal blockers, reframe stress, and break through stuck patterns—professionally and personally.

Today's Dedication: יהונתן אשר יהודה בן מיכל שהמשפט כנגדו יתבטל לגמרי בקרוב מאוד The Atzei Chaim , a peirush on Chumash from the 1600s, writes a powerful explanation on the words "Vaya'amen ha'am" in Parashat Beshalach, which describe how the Jewish people believed that Hashem would take them out of Mitzrayim. He brings the Chazal: " אין ישראל ניזונין אלא בזכות האמונה " — The Jewish people are sustained only in the merit of emunah. He explains: as we know, the full reward for mitzvot is given in the next world. So how are we sustained in this world? It is through the reward we receive for our emunah , which is so powerful and precious that Hashem rewards it even in Olam HaZeh. Emunah gives a person a special zechut that can help them in their time of need. A man recently told the following story. His wife was pregnant, in her ninth month, and the baby was in a breech position. Due to her medical condition, a C-section was not a safe option, so they went to the hospital hoping the doctors could manually turn the baby. But when the doctors examined her, they were alarmed. Not only was the baby completely turned the wrong way, but the umbilical cord was wrapped around the baby's neck. Turning the baby now would be extremely risky, perhaps even impossible. The woman calmly asked everyone—including her husband—to leave the room. "I need to speak to Hashem," she said. This woman lived with genuine emunah. Ten minutes later, the doctor returned to try again. Amazingly, the baby had turned entirely on its own, in perfect position. The cord was no longer wrapped, and the doctor didn't have to do anything at all. When labor began, the birth was so easy and smooth that she didn't even have to push. Afterward, people asked her what she did during those ten minutes. All she said was: "I just had emunah in the One who runs everything." She refused to elaborate any further. A young man—we'll call him Reuven—was finishing his year of learning in yeshivah in Eretz Yisrael and preparing to fly back to America. He and four friends arranged for a driver to take them to the airport. But the driver arrived 45 minutes late. Then, as they left the city, they hit heavy traffic due to a major accident. Reuven, who had been learning about emunah for several years, calmly told his friends: "Hashem runs the world. If He wants us to make the flight, we'll make it. And if not, then it wasn't meant to be. Either way, we're in His hands. There's no reason to be upset." But the others didn't pay much attention. They began to argue—blaming the driver, the schedule, and each other. Every few minutes, more "what ifs" and frustrated comments filled the car. Reuven, though he appeared calm, admitted that he was also anxious inside. To strengthen himself, he called a Hashgachah Pratit hotline for chizuk. He invited his friends to listen, but they were too stressed. Eventually, the traffic cleared. They arrived at the airport exactly one hour and five minutes before their flight—the very last possible moment. Then came the security questions. For some reason, the officials delayed the others but let Reuven through quickly. He ran to the check-in counter. The clerk was visibly upset. "If you're not at the gate in 20 minutes," she said sharply, "you're staying in Israel." Reuven ran toward the gate, but when he reached the final security checkpoint, he was met with an enormous line. There was absolutely no way to get through in time. Reuven took a breath and reminded himself: Hashem is running everything. As he calmed himself, a member of the airport ground crew happened to notice him looking overwhelmed. He looked at Reuven's boarding pass and, without being asked, escorted him to the front of the entire line. Within two minutes, Reuven was through. But the challenge wasn't over yet. At passport control, Reuven scanned his passport at the automatic gate—but the doors didn't open. He tried again. And again. Seven times in total—but nothing. There was a manual line, but it was long. If he had to wait there, he would definitely miss the flight. Reuven turned to Hashem and whispered, "Please help me. Let the gate open." He scanned it one more time. The gate opened. By the time he reached the boarding gate, he was the only one from his group who made it. None of his friends made the flight. Despite every delay and every obstacle, Hashem carried him through. The zechut of his emunah had paved the way. Emunah is so powerful that it brings blessing not only in the next world, but in this one as well. It strengthens us when we're weak, carries us when we're stuck, and opens doors that simply shouldn't open. As the Atzei Chaim wrote, אין ישראל ניזונין אלא בזכות האמונה — the Jewish people are sustained in the merit of their Emunah..

Bringing Am Yisrael Together We read in Parashat Matot of the request made by the tribes of Reuven and Gad to permanently settle in the region east of the Jordan River. Beneh Yisrael had captured this territory from the kingdoms of Sihon and Og, and Reuven and Gad – who owned lots of livestock – saw that this land had vast amounts of pasture which was well-suited for their herds. They thus approached Moshe and asked permission to make this area their permanent home instead of crossing into the Eretz Yisrael. Moshe granted their request after receiving their promise that they would participate in the battles waged by the other tribes to conquer the Land of Israel. Surprisingly, the Torah tells that when Moshe distributed this territory, he apportioned shares not only to the tribes of Reuben and Gad, but also to part of the tribe of Menashe. This tribe is not mentioned at all previously in this story. From what we can tell, the people of Menashe did not come with Reuben and Gad to Moshe to ask for this land. Why, then, did part of the tribe of Menashe receive a portion in Eber Ha'Yarden (the region to the east of the Jordan River) together with Reuben and Gad? One answer can be suggested based on a mysterious comment by the Midrash, teaching us about the background to the division of the tribe of Menashe. Back in the Book of Bereshit, we read of how Yosef's brothers sold him as a slave to merchants who brought him to Egypt, where he ultimately rose to the position of vizier. When famine struck the Land of Israel, Yosef's brothers came to purchase grain from Yosef – not realizing that this was his brother. Before they made their way back to Eretz Yisrael, Yosef ordered his advisor – whom the Midrash identifies as his son, Menashe – to plant his goblet in the bag of the youngest brother, Binyamin, to frame him as a thief. Later, after the brothers left Egypt, Yosef told Menashe to run after them and charge them with theft. When the goblet was discovered in Binyamin's bag, the brothers tore their garments, as tragedy had now befallen the family. The Midrash comments that since Menashe had caused the brothers to tear their garments into two halves, the tribe that descended from him would similarly be "torn" into two pieces, with part of the tribe residing in Eretz Yisrael, and the other part residing east of the Jordan River. At first glance, the Midrash seems to be saying that Menashe was punished for causing his uncles anguish. But if we probe deeper, we will see that to the contrary, Menashe was actually given a great privilege to split into two halves. A number of commentators explain that Yosef's intention in framing Binyamin was to determine whether his brothers had fully repented for their sin of selling him as a slave – by putting them in a situation where another younger brother would be in trouble. Yosef framed Binyamin to see if the brothers would do everything they could to save him and bring him home – just the opposite of how they treated him, driving him out of the family. As we know, Yehuda stepped forward to offer himself as a slave in Binyamin's stead, showing that the brothers had indeed fully repented and changed. At that point, Yosef revealed himself to his brothers, and the family was reunited. Menashe made the brothers rend their garments – but in so doing, he brought the family back together. This process, unfortunately, entailed the pain of "tearing," but it had the effect of mending the rupture that had plagued the family for many years. With this in mind, we can return to the story of Reuben and Gad. Moshe feared that Reuben and Gad's settlement across the river would cause a rupture in the nation. The Jordan River was a natural border that could have divided the nation into two, resulting in Reuben and Gad's dissociation from the rest of the nation. Moshe therefore devised a plan – he would have half of one of the other tribes live together with Reuben and Gad across the river. Having half of a tribe on one side, and the second half on the other side, would help ensure that the river would not become a border separating between the two regions, that there would be ongoing contact and communication between the tribes in Eretz Yisrael and the tribes in Eber Ha'Yarden. For this crucial purpose, Moshe selected the tribe of Menashe – the tribe whose ancestor is credited with bringing the family together. Menashe had bequeathed this quality to his descendants, and so they were the best choice to ensure that Am Yisrael remains united despite the geographic separation between them. Just as Menashe had united the family by planting the goblet in Binyamin's bag, so would his descendants assure the unity of the Jewish Nation by living on both sides of the Jordan River and connecting all the tribes with each other.

Parashat Mattot-Massei [Numbers 30:2-36:13] is a double parashah which concludes the Book of Numbers. It is one of the longest readings of the year, even for those who use the triennial cycle. Our focus this week was the curious story about the tribes of Gad and Reuven, and the half-tribe of Menashe. As the Israelites' forty-year journey is coming to an end, with the entrance into the Land of Israel imminent, these tribes, blessed with much cattle and flocks, decide they want to stay east of the Jordan. How to unpack this story? Give a listen! We continue to be mindful of the hostages being held in Gaza, both the living and the dead, may they be speedily returned to their families. We also keep in mind those defending Israel as part of the Israel Defense Forces, may they be removed from harm's way. Shabbat Shalom and Chodesh Tov [the month of Av, which marks the 11th yahrtzeit of my father, Mel Chesler z”l, is this Shabbat].

In this episode of the Parsha Review Podcast, Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe explores the combined Torah portions of Matos and Mas'ei, which conclude the Book of Numbers. He highlights the turbulent history of the Jewish people in Numbers, marked by crises like the spies, Korach's rebellion, and the Baal Peor incident, setting the stage for Deuteronomy's review of the Torah's teachings over Moses' final 36 days. Rabbi Wolbe delves into Matos, which opens with the laws of oaths, emphasizing the sacredness of one's word. He stresses that in God's world, every spoken commitment must be fulfilled, as one's word reflects their relationship with the divine attribute of truth (Emet). He shares stories of sages like Rabbi Siegel, who left a wedding early to honor a promise to a child, and Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel, who, despite severe Parkinson's, attended a bris to keep his word, illustrating the meticulous care sages took to uphold truth. Rabbi Wolbe recounts an anecdote about Rabbi Yaakov Kamenetsky, who chose an authentic sermon over a polished one during a rabbinic interview to avoid misleading a congregation, underscoring the importance of absolute truth. The episode also covers the tribes of Reuven, Gad, and half of Menashe opting to settle in Transjordan, contingent on aiding the conquest of Israel, highlighting communal responsibility. Rabbi Wolbe defines spirituality as infusing physical actions—like prayer or mitzvot—with divine meaning, contrasting this with mere religion, and urges listeners to live with absolute truth to emulate God. He concludes by encouraging self-evaluation to ensure one's actions align with divine truth, preparing for the ultimate accountability before God._____________This episode (Ep 7.39) of the Parsha Review Podcast by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe on Parshas Matos-Masei is dedicated in honor of our Holy Soldiers in the Battlefield and our Torah Scholars in the Study Halls who are fighting for the safety of our nation!Download & Print the Parsha Review Notes:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1ncaRyoH5iJmGGoMZs9y82Hz2ofViVouv?usp=sharingRecorded at TORCH Studios (C) to an online TORCHzoom.com audience on July 21, 2025, in Passaic, New Jersey.Released as Podcast on July 23, 2025_____________Subscribe: Apple Podcasts (https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/parsha-review-podcast-rabbi-aryeh-wolbe/id1651930083)Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/22lv1kXJob5ZNLaAl6CHTQ) to stay inspired! Share your questions at awolbe@torchweb.org or visit torchweb.org for more Torah content.  _____________About the Host:Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe, Director of TORCH in Houston, brings decades of Torah scholarship to guide listeners in applying Jewish wisdom to daily life.  To directly send your questions, comments, and feedback: awolbe@torchweb.org_____________Support Our Mission:Help us share Jewish wisdom globally by sponsoring an episode at torchweb.org. Your support makes a difference!_____________Subscribe and Listen to other podcasts by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe: NEW!! Prayer Podcast: https://prayerpodcast.transistor.fm/episodesJewish Inspiration Podcast: https://inspiration.transistor.fm/episodesParsha Review Podcast: https://parsha.transistor.fm/episodesLiving Jewishly Podcast: https://jewishly.transistor.fm/episodesThinking Talmudist Podcast: https://talmud.transistor.fm/episodesUnboxing Judaism Podcast: https://unboxing.transistor.fm/episodesRabbi Aryeh Wolbe Podcast Collection: https://collection.transistor.fm/episodesFor a full listing of podcasts available by TORCH at http://podcast.torchweb.org_____________Keywords:#Torah, #Parsha, #Numbers, #Matos, #Masei, #truthfulness, #integrity, #vows, #promises, #partialtruth, #authenticity, #sincerity ★ Support this podcast ★

In this episode of the Parsha Review Podcast, Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe explores the combined Torah portions of Matos and Mas'ei, which conclude the Book of Numbers. He highlights the turbulent history of the Jewish people in Numbers, marked by crises like the spies, Korach's rebellion, and the Baal Peor incident, setting the stage for Deuteronomy's review of the Torah's teachings over Moses' final 36 days. Rabbi Wolbe delves into Matos, which opens with the laws of oaths, emphasizing the sacredness of one's word. He stresses that in God's world, every spoken commitment must be fulfilled, as one's word reflects their relationship with the divine attribute of truth (Emet). He shares stories of sages like Rabbi Siegel, who left a wedding early to honor a promise to a child, and Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel, who, despite severe Parkinson's, attended a bris to keep his word, illustrating the meticulous care sages took to uphold truth. Rabbi Wolbe recounts an anecdote about Rabbi Yaakov Kamenetsky, who chose an authentic sermon over a polished one during a rabbinic interview to avoid misleading a congregation, underscoring the importance of absolute truth. The episode also covers the tribes of Reuven, Gad, and half of Menashe opting to settle in Transjordan, contingent on aiding the conquest of Israel, highlighting communal responsibility. Rabbi Wolbe defines spirituality as infusing physical actions—like prayer or mitzvot—with divine meaning, contrasting this with mere religion, and urges listeners to live with absolute truth to emulate God. He concludes by encouraging self-evaluation to ensure one's actions align with divine truth, preparing for the ultimate accountability before God._____________This episode (Ep 7.39) of the Parsha Review Podcast by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe on Parshas Matos-Masei is dedicated in honor of our Holy Soldiers in the Battlefield and our Torah Scholars in the Study Halls who are fighting for the safety of our nation!Download & Print the Parsha Review Notes:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1ncaRyoH5iJmGGoMZs9y82Hz2ofViVouv?usp=sharingRecorded at TORCH Studios (C) to an online TORCHzoom.com audience on July 21, 2025, in Passaic, New Jersey.Released as Podcast on July 23, 2025_____________Subscribe: Apple Podcasts (https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/parsha-review-podcast-rabbi-aryeh-wolbe/id1651930083)Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/22lv1kXJob5ZNLaAl6CHTQ) to stay inspired! Share your questions at awolbe@torchweb.org or visit torchweb.org for more Torah content.  _____________About the Host:Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe, Director of TORCH in Houston, brings decades of Torah scholarship to guide listeners in applying Jewish wisdom to daily life.  To directly send your questions, comments, and feedback: awolbe@torchweb.org_____________Support Our Mission:Help us share Jewish wisdom globally by sponsoring an episode at torchweb.org. Your support makes a difference!_____________Subscribe and Listen to other podcasts by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe: NEW!! Prayer Podcast: https://prayerpodcast.transistor.fm/episodesJewish Inspiration Podcast: https://inspiration.transistor.fm/episodesParsha Review Podcast: https://parsha.transistor.fm/episodesLiving Jewishly Podcast: https://jewishly.transistor.fm/episodesThinking Talmudist Podcast: https://talmud.transistor.fm/episodesUnboxing Judaism Podcast: https://unboxing.transistor.fm/episodesRabbi Aryeh Wolbe Podcast Collection: https://collection.transistor.fm/episodesFor a full listing of podcasts available by TORCH at http://podcast.torchweb.org_____________Keywords:#Torah, #Parsha, #Numbers, #Matos, #Masei, #truthfulness, #integrity, #vows, #promises, #partialtruth, #authenticity, #sincerity ★ Support this podcast ★

What defines Jewish belonging—land, Torah, or loyalty? In this episode, Parshat Matot-Masei sparks a rich conversation between Zvi Hirschfield and Rabbanit Nechama Goldman Barash about the tribes of Reuven, Gad, and Menashe who ask to settle east of the Jordan River. They explore Moshe's sharp challenge to their request, the shifting language from “ahuzah” (holding) to “nachalah” (inheritance), and what it means to belong to the Jewish people. The discussion expands to contemporary dilemmas of collective responsibility—from Israel-Diaspora relations to the burden of reserve duty in today's IDF.

Upasama (formerly Reuven be Yuhmin) was a student of Shunryu Suzuki, a great gardener at Tassajara , who's been living in a Theravada monastery near Perth, Australia, for  the last twelve years. This is the second podcast with Upasama.

“Life is like a train. You might get derailed, but you know where the train needs to go. You get back on the track.”Rav Reuven Berman didn't plan to leave chinuch. He made Aliyah with a dream job teaching Torah in Yerushalayim—but it quickly became clear that the math didn't work. With five kids and growing responsibilities, he transitioned into the business world while trying to hold on to his identity as a ben Torah.In this honest and moving conversation, we cover:✅ Being grouned in business while also connecting to yeshiva✅ What he learned from a personal tragedy✅ Why teaching—even part-time—can protect your neshama✅ The power of a strong minyan✅ How to stop dreaming of the “perfect community” and live in the one you've got✅ And why every year in yeshiva still counts—even if you go to work laterReuven shares what helped him stay grounded through transitions, success, and grief—and why he still dreams of being back in the beit midrash full time.—Check out ShtarkTank.org for exclusice written content!

Watch Israel's ambassador to India, Reuven Azar in conversation with ThePrint Editor & Founder Shekhar Gupta on Operation Rising Lion against Iran, Hamas, the Trump factor, and more. ThePrint #OTC----more----Associate Partner: Global PR Connect Experience Partner: The Quorum Beverage Partner: Chivas Regal

Does Hearing a Beracha for Tefillin from Someone Else Count—And What If the Speaker or Listener Makes a Mistake? One of the foundational principles in Halacha is Shome'a Ke'Oneh —"the listener is as if he himself recited." This principle allows a person to fulfill a Beracha obligation by hearing someone else say the Beracha and answering "Amen," provided certain conditions are met. This rule applies not only to communal rituals like Kiddush, Havdala, or Megillah, but also to personal Misvot such as Tefillin . For example, if someone says the Beracha over Tefillin aloud with the intent to fulfill the obligation for another, the listener may rely on that Beracha and is exempt from saying his own— if all the proper conditions are met . The Halachic Conditions for Shome'a Ke'Oneh to Work According to Shulhan Aruch (O.H. 213:2), four conditions must be present for Shome'a Ke'Oneh to apply: The person saying the Beracha must have intent to fulfill the obligation for the listener. The listener must also have intent to be yotze through the speaker's Beracha. The listener must hear the entire Beracha clearly —from "Baruch Ata" through the conclusion. The listener should answer "Amen" immediately upon hearing the end of the Beracha. If all of these are fulfilled, the listener is considered to have personally recited the Beracha and can then proceed to perform the Misva—in this case, placing Tefillin— without saying his own Beracha . Applying This to Tefillin In many Sephardic yeshivot and minyanim, it is common for a father to recite the Beracha aloud while helping his son put on Tefillin for the first time. Or a Hazan may say the Beracha for several men in the room. So long as the speaker and listener have the mutual kavana (intent), and the listener hears the Beracha clearly and answers "Amen," this is fully valid. The Ben Ish Hai and Kaf Ha'Haim both encourage the use of this mechanism, especially for beginners or people who may struggle with pronunciation or correct Beracha wording. What If the Speaker Interrupts? Now we come to a practical concern. What happens if the person who said the Beracha speaks between the Beracha and putting on the Tefillin ? For example, if Reuven says "Baruch Ata… Lehani'ah Tefillin," and then says something unrelated before placing the Tefillin (e.g., "Where's my bag?" or "Let me adjust my jacket"), he has made a Hefsek (interruption), and according to Maran (O.H. 25:9), he is required to recite a new Beracha . But what about Shimon , who was listening and answered "Amen" with the intent to be yotze? This is debated among the Poskim: According to some, the listener's Beracha is still valid , because at the moment he heard it, the Beracha was said properly and with kavana. This is the ruling of Hacham Ovadia Yosef ( Yabia Omer and Halichot Olam ), who holds that the speaker's later mistake does not invalidate the listener's fulfillment . Others argue more strictly, saying the speaker's interruption disqualifies the entire process—including for the listener. However, this view is not followed in practice by the majority of Sephardic authorities. What If the Listener Interrupts? If the listener himself speaks after answering "Amen" and before placing his own Tefillin , the ruling is more severe. In this case, the listener has created a Hefsek between the Beracha and the act , and must now recite a new Beracha , specifically "Al Misvat Tefillin" before placing the Shel Rosh. This is a straightforward ruling in Shulhan Aruch and the Ben Ish Hai . The interruption breaks the connection between the Beracha and the Misva, even though the listener did not speak during the actual Beracha. However, if the speech was related to the Misva —such as "Pass me the Shel Rosh" or "Can you adjust the knot?"—this is not ideal but is not considered a full Hefsek , and a new Beracha is not required . What If There Was No Kavana? Shome'a Ke'Oneh only works when both parties have intent : If the speaker was not aware that someone was listening—or had no intent to fulfill their obligation—then the listener is not yotze . Similarly, if the listener was distracted, unsure, or did not intend to be yotze, the Beracha does not apply to him. The Hida and Kaf Ha'Haim emphasize this in many places, warning against relying on a public Beracha unless you're sure both parties are aware and participating with clear intent. In cases of doubt (e.g., someone is unsure if the speaker had him in mind), the principle of Safek Berachot Le'hakel applies: Do not repeat the Beracha unless you are certain that it is required. Summary: A person may fulfill the Beracha for Tefillin by listening to someone else , if both have intent and the listener answers "Amen." If the speaker interrupts after the Beracha, most Sephardic Poskim say the listener is still covered . If the listener interrupts before putting on the Tefillin, he must recite a new Beracha . Speech related to the Misva is discouraged but not a disqualifying Hefsek. Without mutual intent , the Beracha does not count . When in doubt, follow Safek Berachot Le'hakel —do not repeat the Beracha unless clearly necessary.

"72 juveniles is 28% of the current population of sunflower stars under human care in California. More than a quarter of them are at our facility. If you had asked us that question about a year and a half ago. The answer would be zero at our facility, and the answer across California would be six total." - Andrew Lee In 2013, one of the largest marine disease outbreaks on record, sea star wasting syndrome swept through echinoderm populations, laying waste to sunflower stars across their historic range. Once common in California, sunflower stars are now functionally extinct there. This devastating population crash is one of the leading drivers of the 96% decline in kelp forest cover in Northern California in the last decade, as sunflower stars are no longer prowling rocky reefs and scaring purple urchins, who graze on kelp.   Sunflower Star Laboratory was founded by a group of concerned citizens who watched California's kelp disappear before their eyes and were inspired to take action.   This conversation is with Reuven Banks and Andrew Lee from Sunflower Star Laboratory, where they are actively growing sunflower stars with the aim to bring the stars and the kelp forests back to the ocean.