Podcasts about halban

Beidh pobal na hAlban ag caitheamh vóta inniu don Phairlimint I nDún Éideann.

Tá albam úr Kneecap ‘Fenian' eisithe inniu agus iad gnóthach le coirmeacha ceoil faoi láthair. Níos luaithe an tseachtain seo fuair Michelle Nic Grianna an deis labhairt le Mo Chara, Móglaí Bap agus DJ Próvaí agus iad i Dundee na hAlban ag ullmhú do cheolchoirm na hoíche sin.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. -------------------- 01 Introduction This is a follow up to my 8 part series on nuclear power. In this episode I will answer questions posed by listeners in the comments to the series. I would like to start by thanking these people for taking the time to submit interesting questions. -------------------- Costs of Small Versus Large Reactors 02 brian-in-ohio asked two questions The first was for a cost comparison between large and small reactors. The second was for nuclear plant safety compared to conventional power plants. 03 Answer I think that any answer to the second question is going to be perceived by some people as politically controversial, so it's probably not a good topic for HPR to address. 04 The first question though about cost of small versus large reactors is an interesting one, although not one that is easy to give an answer to. I will restrict the answer to just grid scale electric power production and ignore use cases such as industrial process heat or power for remote mines and communities. 05 This question comes down to economies of scale versus economies of replication. Economies of scale centre around increased efficiencies of use of materials and labour when making something bigger. For example, the amount of steel used by a pipe increases linearly with its diameter, but the amount of fluid that it transports increases with the square. 06 Economies of replication come from increasing efficiencies which result from serial production. As you repeat the same design over and over again, you learn how to do things better and make fewer mistakes. 07 The exact same principles apply to shipbuilding. Indeed, a lot of the inspiration for Small Modular Reactors comes from the shipbuilding industry. If you build a series of identical ships, then each subsequent ship will cost less and be built faster. There are of course diminishing returns to this process, so the improvements are less with each additional unit and after a sufficient number of units the cost and time reductions level off. 08 However, this doesn't discount the benefits of economies of scale. What it does mean is that there are two ways of approaching the problem, and which way works in any given scenario depends on such conditions as how big the local electricity market is how fast the demand for electricity is growing, the ownership and financing structure of the electricity market, and the geography of the area, which may pose limits on the number of sites. 09 According to the finance people who have crunched the numbers, there are two sizes of reactor which make the most sense in the above context. These are 300 MW and 1000 MW. However, take those as very rough numbers rather than immutable laws of nature and other sizes may work as well. 10 The key point is that there are cases to be made for both small and large reactors, with the large reactor being several times the size of the small one. 11 An additional factor is that building only one reactor does not reap the benefits of efficiency of replication. You need to build a series of them on the same site. So if you are building a power plant, you don't build a power plant that has just one reactor unless you are in a small market which can only use that much power. Instead, you should build between 4 and 6 reactors in sequence next to one another. 12 If you are supply a large population with a growing demand for electricity, then 4 or 6 large 1000 MW reactors gains both economies of scale and economies of replication. If you are supplying a smaller population with slow growth in demand for electricity, then 4 or 6 300 MW reactors at least gets you economies of replication. 13 There is what could be viewed as an interesting example in terms of the above taking place just east of Toronto. There they are building four 300 MW SMRs on a site next to an existing nuclear power plant. 14 Here are the cost estimates from the Government of Ontario. All costs are in Canadian dollars. Unit 1 is $6.1 billion, plus $1.6 billion in costs which are shared by all four unit.s Unit 2 is $4.9 billion. Unit 3 is $4.2 billion. Unit 4 is $4.1 billion. 15 As you can see, building a series of reactors sequentially on the same site results in declining overall costs. They are very confident in these costs as they used data from a series of major nuclear power plant refurbishment projects in Ontario which have been coming in on time and on budget. 16 Construction began last year and the plant is expected to have a 65 year operating life. 17 However, the province of Ontario also has plans for expansion of electrical generation by about 15,000 MW by 2050 in order to meet net zero targets. 18 Given the heavy concentration of population in the Toronto region, and the very high cost and difficulty of building long distance transmission lines, and the limited number of sites which could host new power generation facilities of any sort, I suspect it is quite likely that subsequent reactors will be large 1,000 MW ones rather than SMRs. 19 The Wesleyville site (which is further east of Toronto) is tentatively scheduled for a 10,000 MW nuclear power plant. That would seem to make ten 1,000 MW reactors more likely than 34 300 MW reactors. 20 I don't have a comparable set of numbers for building large reactors to give an exact apples to apples comparison of costs. Different countries use different accounting and financing systems, and finance makes a huge difference to overall costs for nuclear power as operating costs are a relatively small share of the total. 21 Now to look at another side of this equation, the provinces of Saskatchewan and New Brunswick wish to replace their coal fired power plants with nuclear power plants. The populations of these provinces are too small to absorb a large new power plant into their grids, and studies assuming large reactors have foundered on this issue. 22 New Brunswick already have a nuclear power plant, but it was build in the days when reactors were much smaller. Both provinces however are very interested in small reactors, even individual ones, in order to replace the coal fired plants that are of similar size. 23 I think this covers the cost versus size issue. The more I look into it, the more it becomes apparent that there is no simple one size fits all answer but rather there are a series of trade-offs which must be taken in light of local circumstances. -------------------- MOX Fuel in the USA 24 The next question comes from mnw who asked about the use of MOX fuel in the USA. 25 mnw asked I am enjoying and look forward to the rest of the series. Do you think the US will ever wake up and start recycling its spent fuel? It seems like such a huge waste just to try and keep a small amount of fuel away from"the bad guys" or whatever they are imagining. Answer 26 My answer to this is as follows. I think I've addressed this in the original series, although not directly with respect to the US so I can provide some more detail on that aspect of it. 27 First though I will review what plutonium-uranium mixed oxide (MOX) fuel is. As mentioned in previous episodes, military grade plutonium is not the same as the plutonium which comes out of commercial power reactors. Just as military grade uranium requires nearly pure U-235 isotope, military grade plutonium requires nearly pure Pu-239 isotope. 28 What comes out of a commercial power reactor as spent fuel is not usable for weapons purposes as the proportion of Pu-239 is much too low. However, plutonium recovered from spent fuel can be used as fuel for nuclear reactors in place of uranium 235 when mixed with uranium 238 either left over from enrichment or extracted from spent fuel. This is what is known as MOX fuel. 29 To look at the US history of this however, here's the sequence of events. The US banned fuel reprocessing in 1976. However, this ban was repealed in 1981. 30 In 2005, the US began building a mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel plant at Savannah River in the state of South Carolina. However, this plant was not intended as a normal commercial operation and it was not intended to recycle commercial nuclear power plant fuel. It was instead intended to convert surplus military grade plutonium into commercial fuel in order to get rid of it as part of an arms control program. 31 The program was suspended in 2018. There were apparently many complex political issues involved in these on-again off-again decisions and I won't pretend to have the time or interest to explore all the details nor do I think most listeners would be interested in hearing abou them. 32 As of March 2026, the US are looking at reviving part of the Savannah River plant to produce limited amounts of fuel for testing of advanced reactors. The issue driving this is the shortage of uranium enriched to just below 20%. This fuel is used in certain types of small SMR. 33 The main commercial supplier of this material was a plant in Russia, but "certain events in Europe in recent years" shall we say, have resulted in that supply no longer being available to commercial operations in the US. MOX fuel based on surplus weapons grade plutonium is intended as a short term quick fix for that problem. 34 Another driving force is legal requirements following from domestic commitments for the US government to dispose of certain stockpiles of weapons grade plutonium from certain sites in the US where it is "temporarily" stored, and the solution to that is seen as burning it up in power reactors. 35 So the history is the US banned fuel reprocessing. Then a few years later they un-banned it. Then the US government started building a MOX plant which was intended to get rid of surplus weapons grade material by burning it up in power reactors. Then they decided they didn't want to do that. Then they decided they may want to make MOX fuel after all to replace supplies of special grades of fuel for experimental or prototype reactors. 36 What is missing from the above history is any actual interest from the US commercial nuclear industry in MOX fuel. The reason for this is, as mentioned in the previous episodes, uranium is so cheap and abundant that fuel made from fresh uranium is cheaper than MOX fuel. 37 Some countries such as France wish to recycle spent fuel to reduce their dependence upon imports. Recall that France's drive to build nuclear power plants was in response to the 1970s era energy crisis when oil imports from the Middle East were suddenly cut off. However, the US are not concerned about this issue and so do not make it national security policy as France did. 38 As a result, US commercial demand is for cheaper fuel made from fresh uranium rather than for MOX fuel. Until such time as fresh uranium greatly increases in price there is little economic incentive for the use of MOX fuel in the US. 39 However, there is another aspect to this. If you recall in previous episodes I described molten salt reactors which used dissolved uranium fuel. These reactors inherently reprocess fuel as part of their normal operation. They just do it as part of maintaining the molten salt chemistry at the correct values rather than doing it as a separate process. 40 If these types of reactors become widely used then they would be achieving the same thing as creating MOX fuel, but without an explicit separate step. 41 As a final footnote to the above, the US has almost exclusively use enriched uranium light water reactors. As mentioned in previous episodes, there are ways of recycling spent fuel from light water reactors which do not involve chemically reprocessing it to make MOX fuel. 42 Experiments have been done involving South Korea, China, and Canada which take spent fuel from light water reactors and repackage it to fit it into natural uranium heavy water reactors. What is used up or "spent" fuel for a light water reactor is high grade fuel to a natural uranium reactor. However, the US has, for whatever reason, never built commercial natural uranium reactors such as are used in a number of other countries around the world. 43 If they were to do so, then nuclear fuel could be used twice, once in a light water reactor, and again in a natural uranium reactor, all without having to turn it into MOX fuel in a separate reprocessing step. However, this particular alternative would likely face the same issue in the sense that fresh fuel would still be cheaper than reusing spent fuel. -------------------- A Variety of Questions from Clinton 44 Next we have a variety of questions from Clinton. Clinton asked I would like some commentary in the current situation, why has hinkley gone off the rails, the new american approach, the odd things done after fukushima, the new radiation rules in the states. 45 Question 1 why has hinkley gone off the rails, 46 Answer The question refers to cost overruns at the Hinkley Point nuclear power project in the UK. The UK government looked into this issue in a more general sense in 2025. They published a report on it titled Nuclear Regulatory Review 2025 Enabling nuclear delivery through regulatory reform John Fingleton There is a link to the report in the show notes. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/692080f75c394e481336ab89/nuclear-regulatory-review-2025.pdf 47 As the report is 162 pages long, I won't try to cover it all in this answer. I will however give a few simple examples. The report focuses on civilian nuclear power and the defence nuclear industry as well. However it also draws examples from outside the nuclear industry to show that the problem is not limited to nuclear. It shows that the same problems exist in the offshore wind industry, and in the HS2 High Speed Rail project. 48 In the view of the authors of the report, the essence of the problem seems to be a lack of any degree of proportionality in terms of mitigating negative effects from any project. Big nuclear projects make the headlines because they are inherently big projects, but as I have just mentioned, they affect things like wind power development and rail transport as well. 49 I will pick one example from Hinkley Point specifically. This is "Case Study: Hinkley Point C Fish Protection" A summary of this is that they spent £700 million of additional money on the cooling water intakes to protect an estimated 0.083 salmon per year, along with 0.028 sea trout, 6 river lamprey, 18 Allis shad, and somewhere between 100 and 528 twaite shad. The report points out that there are ways to protect far more fish for far less money by spending it in other areas, and gives some examples. Again, this problem is not limited to nuclear power, and they give similar examples connected with offshore wind development and HS2 High Speed Rail. 50 I would like to emphasize that I am not expressing an opinion on whether or not any of these decisions were good or bad ones or whether the money was well spent. I am just summarizing the report's explanation of why large projects of all sorts initiated and approved by the UK parliament were not turning out as initially expected. I will leave it up to people in the UK to decide whether or not they are satisfied with the current situation. 51 Question 2 the new american approach, 52 Answer The US have apparently announced changes to their regulatory system. I don't know enough about the subject to really judge the practical effects of regulation within the US. However, I have read and listened to many interviews of people from both the industry and the regulatory side of things who are from outside the US but are familiar with it. They generally contrast two different approaches to regulation. On the one hand there is the US approach, which they see as being more of a box ticking exercise than an in depth safety review. This makes it very hard to get a design other than a traditional PWR or BWR approved in the US. 53 It has the advantage from the regulator side of things though in that it reduces the amount of work required as it primarily requires just following a set of defined procedures. These people then contrast that approach with the one used in the UK and in Canada, both of which they see as being very similar to one another. In those two countries, regulators work with industry to review designs from basic principles rather than just seeing if it meets a pre-defined list of criteria. This is a results oriented system rather than a process oriented system as used in the US. 54 As a result of this, designers of new nuclear reactors are going to the UK and Canada first to go through preliminary review there, and only going to the US later. What designers are looking for is feedback on their design as they go along in order to align the design with what safety regulators see as being required from their standpoint. They want to go into a review process before the design is finalized so they can get guidance on how they should approach things rather than trying to add safety as additional features on top of a finished design. 55 It would take someone with deep familiarity with nuclear regulation systems to understand the practical effects of recent changes in US regulatory systems, but it is quite possible that people within the regulatory structure in the US have been taking the above on board and trying to adapt to current circumstances. However, I can only speculate on that. This is about the best answer that I can give. 56 Question 3 the odd things done after fukushima, 57 Answer This covers a lot of topics, some of which are probably political and so are not suited to HPR. I will try to list a few events however. As a brief summary if the Fukushima events go however, a historic scale earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011 caused huge loss of life and widespread damage. About 20,000 people were killed by the earthquake and tsunami. Three nuclear reactors based on 1960s era GE BWR designs were seriously damaged by hydrogen explosions caused by loss of power to backup generators when they were flooded by the tsunami. However, there were no radiation related deaths or cases of radiation sickness. 58 Following events in Japan was a general review of designs around the world, with various improvements made in some areas, particularly backup generators and hydrogen management. It seems to be conventional wisdom that the Fukushima event caused a number of countries to decide to phase out nuclear power. 59 However, when I tried to make a list of such countries for this episode I found things were not as is often heard. The countries which decided to get rid of nuclear power had largely started down that road at least a decade before then and generally for reasons unrelated to any specific events outside of their own country. In other cases they reversed that decision or are in the process of doing so. Japan itself has restarted many of their nuclear power plants and plant to replace decommissioned nuclear power plants with new ones, although many of the older and smaller ones were considered not economically worth upgrading at this point in their life to restart them. 60 The one possible exception to this may be Taiwan which decided to phase out nuclear power in 2016. However, I don't know enough about Taiwanese politics to state with any confidence that their decision in 2016 was based on anything related to events in Japan, or whether in fact they were a byproduct of other political changes within Taiwan and the shut down of nuclear plants happened to be carried along with those. Currently Taiwan get their electricity primarily from natural gas and coal. 61 Meanwhile across mainland Asia from Turkey to China, large numbers of nuclear power plants were built or are under construction. Taken together on a global scale, did anything really change after Fukushima, or did the countries which had already decided to close down their nuclear power plants simply continue to do so, and those countries who decided they wanted more of them continue to build them? That's a good question for which I don't think anyone has the perspective to answer at this point. 62 Another side of this which is hard to disentangle from it though is the increased use of natural gas for electric power generation which was happening at around the same time. Increased use of fracking in a number of countries, plus increased supplies from Russia and LNG from the Middle East and other places resulted in falls in natural gas prices in many places. Since combined cycle natural gas turbines form the main competitor to nuclear power, anything which improves the economics of natural gas will act to reduce demand for nuclear power. This makes it hard to decide to what degree the reduction in the number of reactors being built was due to the political effects of the earthquake and tsunami and to what degree it was due to cheaper natural gas through fracking and other means. I'll leave that question at that. 63 Question 4 the new radiation rules in the states. 64 Answer I'm not deeply familiar with US radiation rules, but I will attempt to answer the question. Apparently there are wide variety of different things being addressed, only some of which have any relevance to the nuclear power industry. One of these is an epidemiological study on the current exposure limits for workers in the nuclear industry. This study will take place over about 5 years. In the end it may not result in any changes. This is for a number of reasons. 65 One is that US exposure thresholds for workers are currently aligned with international standards. It would be difficult for the US industry to operate on a different basis than the rest of the world when supply chains are global and kit is designed to meet currently recognized standards. Another is that apparently the nuclear industry are not, so far as I can discern, asking for any changes to limits. They instead are looking for changes to how some of the details are being applied, such as for example the criteria for deciding when respirators are required in low risk environments. 66 Some point to recent changes in UK regulations as an example of what they are looking for. I will post a link to the new (November of 2025) UK regulations in the show notes. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nuclear-industry-principles-to-guide-the-application-of-as-low-as-reasonably-practicable-alarp-and-best-available-techniques-bat/ways-of-working-principles-to-guide-the-application-of-alarp-and-bat-in-the-nuclear-industry-accessible-webpage This is about as much detail as I think I can comment on when it comes to this question, as I think it is a subject that requires a fair bit more practical knowledge of than I have in order to give a thorough and balanced answer. -------------------- 67 Question from Antoine Were/are the designs patented? Hi, Whiskeyjack. Nice ep. You said AGR, based on Magnox, was a nuclear reactor type that did not sell well outside the UK. I then started thinking if it were (is) possible to another countries to develop by themselves based on that project, or if it had (has) a commercial restriction for exploration of the technology. I have yet to listen to the following episodes (doing little by little) and may learn better on the choices, but I felt free to present the question by now... Thanks! 68 Answer This is a very good question because it offers the opportunity to talk about a number of interesting things that haven't been touched on yet. Let's cover a bit of background first. 69 A patent is a time limited right to exploit a defined bit of valuable technical knowledge. Patents were involved from the very earliest days of commercial nuclear power, and I will give an example of this later. A key point to keep in mind though is that the nuclear power field moves very slowly and it takes a long time for new knowledge to make it from the lab to commercial application. Patents will often expire before they reach the point where they can be used. 70 Contracts on the other hand are legally enforceable agreements between two parties. A contract may have a time limited life, but that is an arrangement between the parties. A commercial nuclear power plant is a very large and complex bit of kit and not easily copied in detail. It can be far more effective to cover designs under contracts and licenses than to rely on patents. If a country wished to build their own nuclear power plants rather than buying them from someone else, there are a large number of companies who have commercial designs they are willing to license to third parties for them to build themselves. Indeed a number of these companies base their business around licensing of designs or have other reasons for wishing to do so. 71 From a licensee perspective, it could take decades of work and hundreds of millions or even billions of dollars to take a design from first principle to the ready to build state, wheras licensing a design give you a proven design right away. As mentioned in previous episodes, there many types of reactor in the world. The selection of what sort of reactor a country decides to buy often depends more on commercial considerations revolving around licensing terms and conditions than it does with respect to any technical considerations. Here's an example which shows how South Korea decided to license a design, build it for themselves, and then export it to other countries. 72 KunMo Chung - Professor at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, stated in an interview in 2019 that South Korea wanted to standardize on a single reactor technology in the early 1980s. They had reactors from multiple different vendors, but wanted to license an existing successful design to produce for themselves and for the export market. One of the major factors in deciding to standardize was to allow them to improve operator training by focusing on one design. Professor Chung stated that one of the key factors in selecting a design from ABB-Combustion Engineering was that he personally knew and had a good relationship with the Chief Technical Officer of ABB-Combustion Engineering going back to a time when Professor Chung had been studying and working in the USA. 73 On their side, ABB-Combustion Engineering were having financial problems and they needed a partner to help further develop their new PWR design. Also they stood to gain revenue from this partnership as well. Based on this relationship, the two sides came to a business agreement and South Korea began producing reactors based on this design, while also continuing to develop and improve it further. 74 Here's an example of a case where the developers of a promising technology decided that they had more to gain by not patenting their technology. Instead they decided to freely share their information in order to get other researchers elsewhere to help to advance the technology so that all could benefit from it. 75 In an interview Wacław Gudowski - Prof. Emeritus, Royal Institute of Technology KTH Stockholm stated that the Soviets and later the Russian were the leaders in lead-bismuth cooled reactors. These reactors use lead-bismuth liquid metal alloy as a coolant. In the 1990s the Russian institute working on commercializing this technology were working with Western partners on nuclear technology in general. They considered patenting this technology, but in the end decided to simply publish it openly. 76 Professor Gudowski had even smuggled $60,000 in cash into Russia to finance the patent application in order to get the Russian institute to publish their technology, but the money was not needed. They based this decision on the judgment that it would take 20 years of R&D before the technology was ready for the commercial market, so they wouldn't see a penny on any patents anyway. They were right on this, as it was another 20 years of R&D in Europe, Russia, China, and Korea before lead-bismuth technology was ready for commercial use. 77 It had already seen use in submarine reactors, but the commercial market demanded a more thoroughly developed technology to satisfy commercial needs. By deciding to not patent the technology, the original developers gained from shared R&D rather than chasing the illusary gains from patent licenses on technology that was not ready for the commercial market anyway. 78 I said that patents were involved in nuclear technology from the very earliest days, and I will now turn to that story. When I say the earliest days, I mean probably earlier than you are imaging. I am talking about before WWII. 79 First though I need to give some background information. France and Britain were working on nuclear weapons from the very earliest days of WWII. In Britain's case this was called Tube Alloys. Canada also was conducting nuclear experiments, including building an "atomic pile", but it's not clear if this had any clear practical goals or was done to understand the physics better. 80 If you read the Wikipedia version of history, it states that Tube Alloys was merged into the Manhattan Project. However, participants have stated in interviews that this was not the case, and the Quebec Agreement which supposedly merged them makes no such mention of any merger of the projects, just the setting up of a board to coordinate efforts between the three countries, that is the US, UK, and Canada. In fact the two projects didn't get along that well, and as we shall see below, a big part of that was disputes over patents. ### 81 The following is based on a paper written by Bertrand Goldschmidt, a French nuclear scientist. Two of his colleagues, Hans Halban and Lew Kowarski played a critical role in early nuclear research. Halban in particular was one of the greatest scientific names in nuclear fission. In March of 1939 Halban conducted an experiment showing that neutrons were emitted by the fissioning of uranium. 82 In April Joliot, Halban, Kowarski and Perrin had a pretty good idea of how to use nuclear fission to produce energy and to make an explosive device and decided to file patents on their invention. Each of the four would receive a 5% share of any benefits and the other 80% would go to the research instittute they worked at in Paris. I will now quote from Goldschmidt's paper. 83 The first two patents concerned energy production and were entitled "Device for energy production" and "Method for stabilizing a device for energy production." They roughly defined the principles of the main components of our present power reactors: moderator in heterogeneous or homogeneous arrangements, cooling fluid, control rods, protection shield. The third patent called "Method for perfecting explosive charges" was less brilliant from a foresight point of view though it proposed valid solutions for the trigger, the tamper, and the rapid obtainment of the critical assembly of a possible explosive device. Finally, nearly a year later, after Alfred Nier's experimental confirmation in March 1940 of Niels Bohr's theoretical prediction that uranium 235, the rare isotope of the mixture in natural uranium, was responsible for fission by slow neutrons, the French took out an additional patent on the advantage of using enriched uranium for the chain reaction. End of quote. 84 In May of 1940, the CNRS, the French research institute in Paris, negotiated an agreement with Belgian mining company Union Miniere, who were the world's biggest producer of uranium, at the time a byproduct of radium mining, about a partnership for the world wide exploitation of these patents. However the agreement was not finalized due to the ongoing events in the war. At the beginning of the war, the French government had approved the development of an energy generator - or a nuclear reactor as we would say today, with the intention of creating an engine for submarines. 85 With the fall of France, Halban and Kowarski travelled to the UK with their supply of heavy water where they were received by their UK counterparts, James Chadwick and John Cockroft. The British were already working on an atomic bomb. In the UK the two conducted an experiment showing that it was possible to create nuclear energy using natural uranium and heavy water. In 1941 the British nuclear project was reorganized and given the name Tube Alloys. In 1942 it was decided to move the work on a plutonium bomb to Canada, and Canada would pay for the project. A lab was set up in Montreal and Halban was put in charge of the project. 86 Halban had negotiated this arrangement by offering to arrange to have the French patents for world wide rights outside of France and the French empire transferred to the UK. In return the French team were to be given a key role in the British nuclear project. The author of the paper I am referencing, Bertrand Goldschmidt, was a section leader in Montreal and a colleague of Halban from France. The Montreal group cooperated with the American Manhattan Project and the two shared information and exchanged visits. 87 However, relations between the two began to break down, with a major cause of this being the Americans being unhappy about the French patents and Halban's arrangement to give the British world wide rights to them. The postwar commercial potential for nuclear power was seen to be huge, and this was a major bone of contention. The extensive participation of ICI (Imperial Chemical Industries) engineers in the Tube Alloys project was also objectionable to the Americans. Presumably this had something to do with potential for ICI being involved in future commercialization of the technology. The American Dupont company, a commercial rival of ICI, was also heavily involved in the American atomic bomb project. The eventual result of this was that the US cut off cooperation with the UK-Canada nuclear project. 88 Finally Halban was forced out of the project at the insistence of the Americans, and he was replaced by John Cockroft who moved to Montreal to take charge of the project. The Americans now restore limited cooperation. Kowarski was put in charge of building a heavy water moderated natural uranium reactor at a new site north of Ottawa at Chalk River. This reactor was turned on on the 5th of September, 1945, three days after Japan's surrender. So in what was supposedly a titanic war for survival, key allies were falling out with respect to their ultimate weapon over issues of patents covering post war commercialization. 89 With the end of the war, the nuclear weapons project in Montreal and Chalk River was wound up. Halban, Kowarski, and Goldschmidt returned to France and Cockroft to the UK where they all played senior roles in the nuclear programs of their respective countries. John Cockroft played an important role in the development of the Magnox reactors which Antoine asked about. The Chalk River Site remains as Canada's main nuclear research centre to this day, and Canada was to continue development of heavy water moderated natural uranium reactors. 90 The first commercial nuclear power plant was commissioned in the UK in 1956, roughly 17 years after the original French nuclear patents. At that time, UK patents had a term of 16 years. While I am not a patent lawyer, it would appear that these patents would likely have expired before nuclear power was ever commercialized. So to answer the question about patents, the first patents on nuclear energy date to before WWII started, and the very first two were about nuclear power plants and it was only the third one which covered nuclear weapons. -------------------- 91 Thanks to other listeners. A number of other listeners made comments saying they were really enjoying the series. I would like to thank the following for their kind words of encouragement. They helped make the work required to do this worthwhile. They are brian-in-ohio mnw Clinton Antoine bjb Kevin O'Brien Trey L'andrew Archer72 Jim DeVore If you have commented but I have forgotten your name, or if the show was recorded before I got a chance to read your comment, I would still like to thank you. 92 Conclusion I would like to thank all the listeners for their kind comments and insightful questions. I hope that I have answered these questions to the satisfaction of everyone. I look forward to hearing from all of you in future podcast episodes including those on other topics. -------------------- Proceedings of the 29th annual conference of the Canadian Nuclear Association and 10th annual conference of the Canadian Nuclear Society. V. 1-3 https://inis.iaea.org/records/m2s41-40917 This has a paper by Bertrand Goldschmidt about the work of the French scientists in Canada. -------------------- Provide feedback on this episode.

Beidh deis ag an bpobal vótáil seachtain ó Déardaoin sna toghcháin do pharlaimint na hAlban.

Seasamh na Breataine - agus seasamh na hAlban - ar thacaíocht mhíleata do Mheiriceá.

Nuacht Mhall. Príomhscéalta na seachtaine, léite go mall.*Inniu an dara lá is fiche de mhí na Sahmna. Is mise Sibéal Dempsey.Vótáil comhairle slándála na Náisiún Aontaithe i bhfabhar rún a thacaíonn le plean Donald Trump do Gaza. Tá roinnt gnéithe sa phlean, lena n-áirítear bunú Fórsa Cobhsaíochta Idirnáisiúnta, a bhfuil roinnt tíortha gan ainm tar éis tairiscint a bheith páirteach ann. Seachas an Rúis agus an tSín, a staon ón vóta, vótáil na tíortha eile go léir i bhfabhar an rúin. Dhiúltaigh Hamas dó, áfach, iad ag rá go gcruthaíonn sé páirtí eile sa choinbhleacht agus go bhforchuireann sé caomhnóireacht ar Stráice Gaza. Cruthaíodh comhlacht ar a dtugtar an Bord Síochána freisin, a bhfuil sé de chúram air maoirseacht a dhéanamh ar atógáil Gaza agus ar sheachadadh cabhrach daonnúla. Dúirt Trump gur “stairiúil” vóta na Comhairle Slándála agus meastar go mbeidh sé ina chathaoirleach ar an mBord Síochána.Chonacthas long spiaireachta Rúiseach amach ó chósta na hAlban an tseachtain seo, agus í ar a bealach i dtreo uiscí atá faoi smacht na hÉireann, agus geallann an Ríocht Aontaithe freagairt mhíleata dá n-aistreodh sí níos faide ó dheas. Is cosúil go bhfuil an long, ar a dtugtar an Yantar, in ann cur isteach ar cháblaí fomhuirí. Chonacthas an long ag seoladh síos Muir Éireann roimhe seo freisin, nuair a bhí long chabhlaigh agus aerárthach Éireannach á leanúint. Meastar an uair seo mar ardú céime, áfach, mar a fuarthas amach go raibh an long ag díriú léasair ar phíolótaí RAF a seoladh chun faireachas a dhéanamh. Ar an láimh eile, tá ambasáid na Rúise sa Ríocht Aontaithe tar éis cúiseamh a thabhairt do rialtas na Breataine as histéire mhíleata a chothú.Tá an tionscal ceoil ag agóidíocht níos mó i gcoinne na hintleachta saorga de réir mar a mhéadaíonn a húsáid sna meáin phríomhshrutha. Shroich rian na hintleachta saorga, walk my walk, uimhir a haon i gcairt díolacháin dhigiteacha fógraí sna Stáit Aontaithe. Fuair an t-ardán sruthaithe Deezer amach freisin go ngineann an intleacht shaorga thart ar tríocha a ceathair faoin gcéad d'uaslódálacha laethúla. Tá Paul McCartney ar dhuine de na ceoltóirí is déanaí atá ag teacht amach i mbun agóide agus rian beagnach go hiomlán ciúin eisithe aige. Tá sé seo mar chuid d'fheachtas níos leithne chun cosc a chur ar algartaim a oiliúint ar cheol atá ann cheana féin gan aon dleachtanna a íoc. I measc na gceoltóirí eile atá páirteach cheana féin tá Kate Bush agus na Pet Shop Boys.*Léirithe ag Conradh na Gaeilge i Londain. Tá an script ar fáil i d'aip phodchraolta.*GLUAISFórsa Cobhsaíochta Idirnáisiúnta - International Stabilisation Forcecaomhnóireacht - guardianshiplong spiaireachta - spy shiphistéire mhíleata - military hysteriasna meáin phríomhshrutha - in the mainstream mediadleachtanna - royalties

Ar mhaith leatsa snas a chur ar do chuid Gaeilge ach níl an t-am agat leabhair ghramadaí a cheadú? Fáilte chuig What the Focal!? - podchraoladh le Ciara Ní É a thugann ardán do na saineolaithe Gaeilge is suntasaí dá bhfuil amuigh ann! Gach seachtain cuirfidh Ciara agallamh ar aoi oilte, le cabhrú leatsa barr feabhais a chur ar do chuid Gaeilge. Is é an podchroladh seo an leagan is déanaí den tsraith YouTube What the Focal!? a chuir Ciara ar bun in 2017. Más mian leatsa éisteacht le comhráite réchúiseacha a chuirfidh le do chumas teangan, bí linn! Buíochas le Foras na Gaeilge agus leis An Foclóir Nua Béarla-Gaeilge as urraíocht a dhéanamh ar an bpodchraoladh seo. Dr. Eoin Mac Cárthaigh Cén gaol atá idir an Ghaeilge agus an Ghearmáinis? Cad atá i ndán dár gcanúintí? An féidir rud a thabhairt ‘faoi dheara'? Léachtóir le Nua-Ghaeilge agus ceann na roinne is ea Eoin Mac Cárthaigh, Roinn na Gaeilge, Coláiste na Tríonóide. Múineann sé cúrsaí éagsúla i dteanga agus i litríocht Ghaeilge na hÉireann is na hAlban. I gColáiste na Tríonóide a rinne sé féin a bhunchéim is a iarchéim. An dán díreach a phríomhghort taighde.

Cén tionchar a bheas ag an reachtaíocht nua faoi Gháidhlig na hAlban ar an teanga mar theanga phobail?

Tá Pobalscoil Chloich Cheann Fhaola ar thuras san am i láthair agus iad ar cuairt ar Oileán Í agus Oileán Muile amach ó chósta na hAlban.

Tá an Taoiseach Simon Harris agus an Tánaiste Mícheál Martin i measc na gceannairí atá ag freastal ar chruinniú mullaigh de Chomhairle na Breataine agus na hÉireann i nDún Éideann na hAlban inniu.

Ar an gclár seo bhí Rónán Ó Dochartaigh linn ó Oideas Gael i nGleann Cholm Cille le labhairt linn faoina gcuid oibre ar an tsraith úr acmhainní digiteacha "HEART" www.eduheart.eu dírithe ar oideachasóirí ar spéis seo cúrsaí oidhreachta a thabhairt isteach ina gcuid teagaisc, mar chuid de thionscadal ilchultúrtha comhpháirtíochta a raibh Oideas Gael ar cheann de 5 chomhpháirtí Eorpacha ann. Chomh maith leis sin, chualamar ó Chiarán Dunbar faoin gcúrsa Ghaeilge na hAlban ar an Oileán Sgitheanach mí Lúnasa, faoina thuras chuig an gComhdháil ar an gCarraig mí Mheán Fómhair agus faoin alt a scríobh sé faoina eispéaras san Irish Independent.

Nuacht Mhall. Príomhscéalta na seachtaine, léite go mall. * Inniu an cúigiú lá déag de mhí an Mheithimh. Is mise Niall Ó Siadhail. In Éirinn, thángthas ar thorthaí na dtoghchán áitiúil agus Eorpach an deireadh seachtaine seo caite. Choinnigh na páirtithe móra Fianna Fáil agus Fine Gael a líon vótaí agus d'éirigh go maith le roinnt mhaith iarrthóirí neamhspleácha ach theip ar Shinn Féin a líon vótaí a mhéadú. Teip mhór a bhí ann do pháirtí a raibh tacaíocht mhór acu cúpla bliain ó shin. Bhí toghchán iontach ag páirtithe i bhfad amach ar an eite dheas sa Ghearmáin agus sa Fhrainc, agus d'fhógair Uachtarán an Fraince Emmanuel Macron toghchán tobann parlaiminte ina thír féin. Sna tíortha Nordacha, áfach, d'éirigh go maith leis na páirtithe ar an eite chlé ach, ar an mhórgóir, is iad an grúpa den eite dheas EPP a bhfuil an líon is mó suíochán acu i bParlaimint na hEorpa. Bhí Craobhchomórtais Lúthchleasaíochta na hEorpa ar siúl sa Róimh an tseachtain seo caite, agus ba é an comórtas ba rathúla riamh ag foireann Éireann agus ceithre bhonn á dtabhairt abhaile acu. D'éirigh le Ciara Mageean, ar as Port an Pheire i gContae an Dúin í, aisling a fhíorú nuair a ghlac sí an bonn óir sa rás 1500m, agus thug Rhasidat Adeleke ó Thamhlacht i mBaile Átha Cliath léiriú intinne do na Cluichí Oilimpeacha níos moille i mbliana nuair a bhain sise an bonn airgid sa rás 400m. Bhí Adeleke agus Sharlene Mawdsley páirteach sa dá bhonn eile a fuair Éire: bonn airgid i rás sealaíochta 400m na mban agus bonn óir i sa rás sealaíochta 400m measctha. Roimhe seo, ba í Sonia O'Sullivan an lúthchleasaí amháin a bhuaigh bonn óir ag an chomórtas seo. Cuireadh tús le craobhchomórtas na hEorpa eile inné agus foireann sacair na hAlban ag imirt in aghaidh na n-óstach, foireann na Gearmáine in München. Ar an drochuair, chaill na hAlbanaigh 5-1. Tá cruinniú mullaigh síochána ar siúl san Eilvéis faoi láthair, agus ceannairí na dtíortha G7 ag freastal ar chainteanna in ionad saoire ar bharr sléibhe gar do Lucerne. D'aontaigh siad pacáiste cabhrach $50m a thabhairt don Úcráin agus fógraíodh comhaontú slándála déthaobhach idir an Úcráin agus na Stáit Aontaithe go ceann deich mbliana. Tá níos mó ná 100 ceannairí i láthair an deireadh seachtaine seo, an Taoiseach Simon Harris ina measc, ach níl aon ionadaí ann ón Rúis ná ón tSín. D'eisigh Uachtarán na Rúise, Vladimir Putin, liosta éileamh maidir le coinníollacha chun deireadh a chur leis an chogadh, ach dhiúltaigh Uachtarán na hÚcráine Volodymyr Zelenskyy na héilimh go neamhbhalbh, agus dúirt Seansailéir na Gearmáine, Olof Scholz, nach raibh siad dáiríre.  * Léirithe ag Conradh na Gaeilge i Londain. Tá an script ar fáil i d'aip phodchraolta. * GLUAIS toghchán tobann parlaiminte - snap parliament election ar an mhórgóir - overall rás sealaíochta - relay race léiriú intinne - a statement of intent cruinniú mullaigh síochána - peace summit comhaontú slándála déthaobhach - bilateral security agreement

Gaeilge na hAlban: fás, meath agus fadhbanna ollmhóra ag an teanga. Tá sí ag láidriú i nGlaschú agus i nDún Éideann ach imeacht léi mar theanga phobail dar leis an Iriseoir leis an Belfast Telegraph, Ciarán Dunbar.

Fógraíodh inné go bhfuil John Swinney ainmnithe ina cheannaire nua ar Pháirtí Náisiúnta na hAlban.

I mí an Mheithimh 2019 bhagair Rialtas na hAlban go gcuirfeadh siad an dlí ar aon iascaire seachas iascairí na Breataine a bheadh ag iascach i bhfoisceacht dhá mhíle dhéag do Rocall. Tá cás Rocall ardaithe arís tar éis don chlár ‘Iniúchadh TG4 – Anfa Mara' a craoladh ar an stáisiún aréir.

Is féidir dul siar anois ar bhóithrín na staire i mbailiúchán speisialta de litreacha lámhscríofa ó imircigh Éireannacha thar tréimhse 400 bliain, bailiúchán atá ar fáil ar líne in áis dar teideal Imirce, trí mhíorúilt na teicneolaíochta úire agus tríd scil agus díograis na mbailitheoirí. Agus tá siad ag lorg tuilleadh litreacha – go háirithe, litreacha as Gaeilge! Tá an tOllamh Breandán Mac Suibhne linn leis an scéal a mhíniú. Fosta, is iarscoláire Ghaelscoil Éadain Mhóir i nDoire í an stiúrthóir agus scríbhneoir óg, Róise Nic an Bheatha, a bhfuil a gearrscannán úr Le Chéile/Ri Chèile, i nGaeilge agus Gaeilge na hAlban, ag gnóthú spotaí i bhféilte scannán ó Toronto go hOileán Acla. Labhraíonn sí linn ó Albain, áit a bhfuil sí lonnaithe anois.A journey back in time, via a fascinating collection of handwritten letters from Irish immigrants over a period of 400 years, can now be enjoyed in an online resource named Imirce, made possible by the miracles of modern technology married with the skill and hard work of the collectors. And they are looking for more letters – especially letters in Irish! Professor Breandán Mac Suibhne joins us to explain the story. Róise Nic an Bheatha, who attended Gaelscoil Éadain Mhóir in Derry, has written and directed a new short film, in Irish and Scottish Gaelic, which is garnering spots in film festivals from Toronto to Achill Island. She speaks to us from Scotland, where she is now based.

Ar an gclár seo bhí Emma de Paor agus Lena Krochmann linn ó Ériú Leipzig, grúpa mac léinn a oibríonn ar mhionteangacha sa Ghearmáin, linn le labhairt- trí mheascán de Ghaeilge agus Ghaidhlig (Gaeilge na hAlban!) - faoina ngrúpa agus na himeachtaí a bhíonn ar siúl acu. Chomh maith leis sin bhí Ruth Ó Laoide Kelly linn ón mBruiséil le labhairt linn faoi imeachtaí atá ar siúl ag Craobh na Bruiséile de Chonradh na Gaeilge do Lá le Bríde.

Ar an gclár seo beidh Ellen Corbett ag labhairt linn faoin bPop Up Gàidhealtachd (popup Gaeilge na hAlban) a bhí aici ag Oireachtas na Samhna ag an deireadh seachtaine! Chomh maith leis sin bhí Brian Ó Broin linn le labhairt faoi laoch na nGael, Dineen Grow a cailleadh le gairid, an éacht a rinne sí thar na blianta do phobal na Gaeilge sna Stáit Aontaithe agus go leor eile.

GA: San eipeasóid seo, labhraíonn Stiofán Ó Briain le Nathaniel Harrington - file, scríbhneoir, agus taighdeoir a chríochnaigh dochtúireacht sa litríocht chomparáideach in Ollscoil Toronto anuraidh. Pléann siad suim Nathaniel sna teangacha Ceilteacha, a spéiseanna taighde, agus a chuid scríbhneoireachta cruthaithí, idir fhilíocht agus phrós. Is eipeasóid dhátheangach é seo i nGaeilge na hÉireann agus i nGaeilge na hAlban. GÀ: Anns an eapasod seo, tha Stiofán Ó Briain a' bruidhinn ri Nathaniel Harrington - bàrd, sgrìobhadair, agus neach-rannsachaidh a chuir crìoch ri ollamhachd ann an litreachas coimeasach aig Oilthigh Thoronto an-uiridh. Tha iad a' dèanamh còmhradh mu dheidhinn ùidh Nathaneil sna cànanan Ceilteach, a chuid rannsachaidh, agus an sgrìobhadh cruthachail a th' aige, a' bhàrdachd agus an rosg araon. 'S e eapasod dà-chànanach a th' anns an eapasod seo ann an Gàidhlig na h-Èireann agus ann an Gàidhlig na h-Alba. EN: In this episode, Stiofán Ó Briain speaks with Nathaniel Harrington - poet, writer and researcher who completed his PhD in comparative literature in the University of Toronto last year. They discuss Nathaniel's interest in the Celtic languages, his research interests, and his creative writing, both poetry and prose. This is a bilingual episode in Irish and in Scottish Gaelic.  Óstach | Neach-aoigheachd | Host: Stiofán Ó Briain Aoi | Aoigh | Guest: Nathaniel Harrington Teanga | Cànan | Language: Gaeilge na hÉireann agus Gàidhlig na hAlba Naisc | Ceanglaichean | Links: Suíomh | Làrach-lín Nathaniel  Aotrom-laigheachan - Nathaniel Harrington Proceedings of the Association of Celtic Students: Vols VIII & IX Sna Fir - Micheál Ó Conghaile Táin Bó Cuailgne - Darach Ó Scolaí Sraith na Teamhrach (Conaire Mór, Tuatha Dé Danann, Éadaoin) - Diarmuid Johnson An Tromdhámh, Mé Suibhne - Feargal Ó Béarra An Dosan - Norma Nic Leòid Cailèideascop - Daibhidh Eyre Air Cuan Dubh Drilseach - Tim Armstrong Tinte na Farraige Duibhe (Tim Armstrong) - Eoin P. Ó Murchú Dysgu Byw - Sarah Reynolds Melog - Mihangel Morgan Hen Ieithoedd Diflanedig - Mihangel Morgan Madame Lazare - Tadhg Mac Dhonnagáin Makaronik - Dave Duggan Filíocht | Bàrdachd Shomhairle MacGill-Eain GA: Ba mhór againn dá bhféadfá do chuid aiseolais a roinnt linn ar do thaithí ar an gCumann, ar Chomhdháil Mhic Léinn na Ceiltise, ar an mBlag agus ar an bPodchraoladh tríd an bhfoirm aiseolais seo: bit.ly/3VHaCFp GÀ: Bhitheamaid nur comain nam b' urrainn dhuibh bhur beachdan a leigeil thugainn mu dheidhinn a' Chomainn, a' Cho-labhairt, am Blog agus am Pod-chraoladh le bhith a' lìonadh an fhoirm seo: bit.ly/3VHaCFp EN: We would be grateful if you could share your feedback with us on your experience of the Association, the Celtic Students Conference, the Blog and/or the Podcast by clicking the following link: bit.ly/3VHaCFp Ceol | Ceòl | Music: “Kesh Jig, Leitrim Fancy”, Sláinte, CC BY-SA 3.0 US (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/), freemusicarchive.org. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/celticstudents/message

Nuacht Mhall. Príomhscéalta na seachtaine, léite go mall. * Inniu an t-aonú lá is fiche de mhí Dheireadh Fómhair 2023. Is mise Alanna Ní Ghallachóir. Tá eagla ann gur maraíodh na céadta daoine i bpléasc a tharla in Ospidéal Al-Ahli i gCathair Gaza oíche Dé Máirt. Chuir na húdaráis Palaistíneacha in Gaza, atá faoi smacht ag Hamas, an locht ar Iosrael láithreach, ag éileamh gur buille aeir d'aon turas a bhí ann, agus baint leis an ionsaí á séanadh ag Iosrael. Tar éis chuairt an uachtaráin Mheiriceánaigh, Joseph Biden, Dé Céadaoin, d'fhógair Iosrael go ligfí soláthairtí daonnúla isteach go Stráice Gaza - go sonrach bia, uisce, agus leigheas don phobal sibhialtach.  Le linn na seachtaine, tháinig Stoirm Babet go hÉirinn agus go dtí an Ríocht Aontaithe. Tráthnóna Dé Céadaoin, dúirt an Garda Síochána nárbh fhéidir le trácht bealach a dhéanamh trí cheantar Mhainistir na Corann, mar gheall ar an drochaimsir leanúnach. D'eisigh Met Éireann fógra buí do gach ceantar in Éirinn. In Albain, thug Buidheann Dìon Àrainneachd na h-Alba rabhadh go raibh léibhéail fearthainne le teacht nach bhfacthas riamh in oirthuaisceart na hAlban, agus “go gcuirfí isteach go mór ar shaol an phobail agus go mbeadh contúirt an tsaoil ann” de bharr na dtuilte.  Tá an fómhar buailte linn agus tá sraitheanna úra le feiceáil ar ár scáileáin. Ar Virgin Media na hÉireann, féadtar an tsraith “Grá ar an Trá” a fheiceáil, ina dtugtar a ndúshlán do dhaoine singile an Ghaeilge a fhoghlaim nó feabhas a chur ar a gcuid Gaeilge, díriú ar an ghrá, agus coróin na lánúine is fearr a bhaint amach. Agus ar an BBC, tá sraith sé chuid darb ainm “Bog Amach” le feiceáil, ina nglacann an láithreoir, Emer Mhic an Fhailí, sé lánúin agus theaghlach chuig áiteanna éagsúla ar fud na hÉireann, agus iad sa tóir ar theach úr. Ar TG4.ie, tá sraith taistil nua de chuid Hector Ó hEochagáin ar fáil, ina dtéann an láithreoir “ó na hOileáin Filipíníneacha go hOileáin Sholaimh”.  * Léirithe ag Conradh na Gaeilge i Londain. Tá an script ar fáil i d'aip phodchraolta. * GLUAIS buille aeir d'aon turas - deliberate air strike soláthairtí daonnúla - humanitarian provisions Buidheann Dìon Àrainneachd na h-Alba / Gníomhaireacht um Chaomhnú Comhshaoil na hAlban - Scottish Environment Protection Agency léibhéail fearthainne - rain levels lánúin - (romantic) couple Oileáin Sholaimh - the Solomon Islands

Nuacht Mhall. Príomhscéalta na seachtaine, léite go mall. * Inniu an t-aonú lá is fiche de mhí Dheireadh Fómhair 2023. Is mise Alanna Ní Ghallachóir. Tá eagla ann gur maraíodh na céadta daoine i bpléasc a tharla in Ospidéal Al-Ahli i gCathair Gaza oíche Dé Máirt. Chuir na húdaráis Palaistíneacha in Gaza, atá faoi smacht ag Hamas, an locht ar Iosrael láithreach, ag éileamh gur buille aeir d'aon turas a bhí ann, agus baint leis an ionsaí á séanadh ag Iosrael. Tar éis chuairt an uachtaráin Mheiriceánaigh, Joseph Biden, Dé Céadaoin, d'fhógair Iosrael go ligfí soláthairtí daonnúla isteach go Stráice Gaza - go sonrach bia, uisce, agus leigheas don phobal sibhialtach.  Le linn na seachtaine, tháinig Stoirm Babet go hÉirinn agus go dtí an Ríocht Aontaithe. Tráthnóna Dé Céadaoin, dúirt an Garda Síochána nárbh fhéidir le trácht bealach a dhéanamh trí cheantar Mhainistir na Corann, mar gheall ar an drochaimsir leanúnach. D'eisigh Met Éireann fógra buí do gach ceantar in Éirinn. In Albain, thug Buidheann Dìon Àrainneachd na h-Alba rabhadh go raibh léibhéail fearthainne le teacht nach bhfacthas riamh in oirthuaisceart na hAlban, agus “go gcuirfí isteach go mór ar shaol an phobail agus go mbeadh contúirt an tsaoil ann” de bharr na dtuilte.  Tá an fómhar buailte linn agus tá sraitheanna úra le feiceáil ar ár scáileáin. Ar Virgin Media na hÉireann, féadtar an tsraith “Grá ar an Trá” a fheiceáil, ina dtugtar a ndúshlán do dhaoine singile an Ghaeilge a fhoghlaim nó feabhas a chur ar a gcuid Gaeilge, díriú ar an ghrá, agus coróin na lánúine is fearr a bhaint amach. Agus ar an BBC, tá sraith sé chuid darb ainm “Bog Amach” le feiceáil, ina nglacann an láithreoir, Emer Mhic an Fhailí, sé lánúin agus theaghlach chuig áiteanna éagsúla ar fud na hÉireann, agus iad sa tóir ar theach úr. Ar TG4.ie, tá sraith taistil nua de chuid Hector Ó hEochagáin ar fáil, ina dtéann an láithreoir “ó na hOileáin Filipíníneacha go hOileáin Sholaimh”.  * Léirithe ag Conradh na Gaeilge i Londain. Tá an script ar fáil i d'aip phodchraolta. * GLUAIS buille aeir d'aon turas - deliberate air strike soláthairtí daonnúla - humanitarian provisions Buidheann Dìon Àrainneachd na h-Alba / Gníomhaireacht um Chaomhnú Comhshaoil na hAlban - Scottish Environment Protection Agency léibhéail fearthainne - rain levels lánúin - (romantic) couple Oileáin Sholaimh - the Solomon Islands

jQuery(document).ready(function(){ cab.clickify(); }); Original Podcast with clickable words https://tinyurl.com/ylg6rm2t Contact: irishlingos@gmail.com People in the south tackling the storm track. Daoine sa deisceart ag dul i ngleic le lorg na stoirme. People in east Cork and west Waterford are today dealing with the aftermath of the storm that hit the region yesterday and left many towns and villages under water. Tá daoine in oirthear Chorcaí agus in iarthar Phort Láirge ag dul i ngleic inniu le lorg na stoirme a bhuail an réigiún inné agus a d'fhág neart bailte agus sráidbhailte faoi uisce. Although Met Éireann had issued an orange warning yesterday and promised heavy rain, people did not expect the intensity of it. Cé go raibh fógra flannbhuí eisithe ag Met Éireann inné agus báisteach throm geallta acu, ní raibh aon choinne ag daoine leis an tréine a bhí inti. It is estimated, in fact, that a month's rain fell in the course of a day. Meastar, go deimhin, gur thit báisteach míosa in imeacht lae. Cork County Council has revealed that over 100 homes and businesses in the east of the county were flooded. Tá sé tugtha le fios ag Comhairle Contae Chorcaí gur thuil uisce isteach i mbarr ar 100 teach agus gnóthas in oirthear an chontae. The worst affected areas are Glenmaighir/Bailerosin, Minster Na Corran, White Gate, Clon, Ballyna Martra and Killay. Is iad na háiteanna is measa a buaileadh Gleann Maighir/Baile Roisín, Mainistir na Corann, an Geata Bán, Cluain, Baile na Martra agus Cill Ia. The Abbey Community Hospital was badly damaged and there is talk of evacuating patients from the place as a result. Rinneadh an- damáiste d'Ospidéal Pobail Mhainistir na Corann agus tá caint ar othair a aslonnú ón áit dá dheasca. There was also flooding in Linn Dubh and the Common Road area of Cork city. Bhí tuilte freisin sa Linn Dubh agus i gceantar Bhóthar an Choimín i gcathair Chorcaí. Tánaiste Micheál Martin and Minister Simon Coveney, who are both from Cork, said support would be provided to people in the region under the Government's Humanitarian Aid Scheme. Dúirt an Tánaiste Micheál Martin agus an tAire Simon Coveney, arb as Corcaigh iad beirt, go gcuirfí tacaíocht ar fáil do dhaoine sa réigiún faoi Scéim Chúnaimh Dhaonnachta an Rialtais. Met Éireann has issued a yellow warning regarding the rain that is expected in Co Kerry today. Tá fógra buí eisithe ag Met Éireann maidir leis an mbáisteach atá geallta i gCo Chiarraí inniu. It is estimated that there will be cold weather in parts of the county and people are being asked to be very careful when they are driving. Meastar go mbeidh fuarlaigh in áiteanna sa chontae agus táthar ag achainí ar dhaoine a bheith an-chúramach nuair atá siad ag tiomáint. The yellow notice will apply between 6 o'clock this evening and 6 o'clock tomorrow evening. Beidh feidhm leis an bhfógra buí idir 6 a chlog tráthnóna inniu agus 6 a chlog tráthnóna amárach. A yellow notice has also been issued in the north regarding the rain that is promised in Armagh, Derry, Dun, Fermanagh and Tyrone. Tá fógra buí eisithe ó thuaidh chomh maith maidir leis an mbáisteach atá geallta in Ard Mhacha, i nDoire, sa Dún, i bhFear Manach agus i dTír Eoghain. The situation is more serious in parts of Scotland, however. Is tromchúisí a bheas an scéal in áiteanna in Albain, áfach. The meteorologists have predicted high wind and "exceptional" rain and believe that life could be at risk as a result, especially in Aberdeenshire and Angus in the east of Scotland. Tá gaoth mhór agus báisteach "eisceachtúil" tuartha ag na meitéareolaithe thall agus dar leo go bhféadfadh beatha a bheiith i mbaol dá bharr, go háirithe i Siorrachd Obar Dheathain agus in Aonghas in oirthear na hAlban. People in those places are being advised to stay at home. Táthar ag comhairliú do dhaoine sna háiteanna sin fanacht sa bhaile. RTÉ News and Current Affairs Corinth Abbey under water (Pic: Damien Rytel)

Tar éis bua iontach i gcoinne na hAifrice Theas tá Éire anois ag tabhairt aghaidh ar an Albain agus áiteanna sna babhtaí ceathrú ceannais ar fáil. Bhí Cian ag caint le Jeff Neville ó The Loose Head agus iad ag breathnú chun cinn ag an gcluiche ollmhór seo.

jQuery(document).ready(function(){ cab.clickify(); }); Original Podcast with clickable words https://tinyurl.com/27b9pvat Contact: irishlingos@gmail.com The Irish celebrating in Paris. Na hÉireannaigh ag ceilúradh i bPáras. Fans of the Irish rugby team are celebrating tonight after Andy Farrell's players got the better of the world champions in Paris. Tá údar ceiliúrtha ag lucht leanúna fhoireann rugbaí na hÉireann anocht i ndiaidh d'imreoirí Andy Farrell an ceann is fearr a fháil ar churaithe an domhain i bPáras. They had 5 points to spare over South Africa in a hard fought game at the Stade de France. Bhí 5 phointe le spáráil acu ar an Afraic Theas i gcluiche crua teann sa Stade de France. The final score in this game in Pool B was 13-8. 13-8 an scór deiridh sa gcluiche seo i bPúl B. There may not have been many points on the scoreboard but Ireland won a game that was not easy for them. B'fhéidir nach bhfacthas mórán pointí ar chlár na scór ach bhuaigh Éirinn cluiche nach raibh éasca dóibh. These players have now taken a big step forward and have a good chance of going all the way to the final. Tá céim mhór tógtha anois ag na himreoirí seo agus cosúlacht mhaith orthu go ngabhfaidh siad an bealach ar fad chuig an chluiche ceannais. Only one to score either side, Mack Hansen one of Ireland's heroes on the night. Úd amháin a scóráil ceachtar taobh,Mack Hansen duine de laochra na hÉireann ar an oíche. who laid the ball down behind the Springbok back line. a leag an liathróid anuas laistiar de líne cúil an Springbok. Jack Crowley secured victory for the Irish with a penalty kick but their defenders then had to do their best to keep the Boks out of their back line. Ba é Jack Crowley a chinntigh an bua do na hÉireannaigh le cic píonóis ach bhí ar a gcuid cosantóirí ansin éacht a dhéanamh leis na Boks a choinneáil amach óna líne cúil. But they did so securing an important psychological victory for Ireland, their third victory in a row in this competition and they now aim for another in two weeks' time against Scotland. Ach rinne siad sin ag cinntiú bua tábhachtach siceolaíoch d'Éirinn, a dtriú bua as a chéile sa chomórtas seo agus iad ag dréim anois le ceann eile faoi cheann coicíse in aghaidh na hAlban. It is very likely that the All Blacks will face Ireland in the quarter-final, unless the Italians manage to bring the legs with them and qualify in second place from Pool A. Is mór an seans gurb iad na All Blacks a bheidh in aghaidh na hÉireann sa chluiche ceathrú ceannais, mura n-éiríonn leis na hIodálaigh na cosa a thabhairt leo agus cáiliú sa dara háit as Púl A. Whatever happens, a big threat has come from the Irish team tonight and it is unlikely that they will be too concerned about who they will face in the knockout rounds of this competition which is taking place in France. Pé ní a tharlaíonn ta bagairt mhór tagtha ó fhoireann na hÉireann anocht agus ní dócha go mbeidh aon ró-imní orthu maidir le cé a chasfaidh orthu sna babhtaí díbeartha den chomórtas seo atá ar siúl sa Fhrainc. As for South Africa, their head coach, Jacques Nienaber, says that he still believes that this result does not change anything and that the Springbok will once again own the World Cup this round. Maidir leis an Afraic Theas dhe, deir a bpríomh-chóitseálai,Jacques Nienaber go gcreideann sé i gcónaí nach n-athraíonn an toradh seo faic agus gur leis an Springbok Corn an Domhain arís an babhta seo. He praised the Irish team for their win and although South Africa missed a number of chances, Nienaber said he could not side with excuses because Ireland proved themselves to be the best team on the night. Mhol sé foireann na hÉireann as a mbua agus cé gur chaill an Afraic Theas roinnt seansanna dúirt Nienaber nár fhéad sé a bheith taobh le leithscéalta mar gur chruthaigh Éirinn iad féin mar an fhoireann ab fhearr ar an oíche. It certainly didn't help South Africa that they missed 3-point chances on the night,

Léiríonn na pobalbhreitheanna is deireanaí in Albain nach bhfuil aon dul chun cinn déanta ag an lucht feachtais don neamhspleáchas agus go bhfuil titim leanúnach ar thacaíocht an SNP.

In Albain, tá fothoghchán ar na bacáin chun suíochán an Fheisire Parlaiminte Margaret Ferrier a líonadh.

Bhí Jeff Neville ó The Loose Head linn chun cluichí móra an deireadh seachtaine a phlé san Eoraip chomh maith le cluiche deireanach foireann na mban i gcoinn na hAlban.

Beidh Ceannaire nua ar Albain inniu tráth a dtiocfaidh torthaí thoghchán na ceannaireachta do Pháirtí Náisiúnta na hAlban, an SNP, tar éis a dó chlog.

Nuacht Mhall. Príomhscéalta na seachtaine, léite go mall. * Inniu an t-ochtú lá déag de mhí Feabhra. Is mise Gráinne Ní Bhrosnacháin. Tháinig Príomh-Aire na Ríochta Aontaithe Rishi Sunak go Béal Feirste chun bualadh le ceannairí na bpáirtithe polaitiúla in Stormont. Dúirt Ceannaire an Pháirtí Aontachtaigh Dhaonlathaigh Jeffrey Donaldson go raibh dul chun cinn déanta leis an idirbheartaíocht idir Londain agus an Bhruiséal ach caithfidh níos mó obair a bheith déanta chun teacht ar mhargadh. Ceaptar go mbeidh réiteach idir an dá linn ar chúrsaí trádála, go mbeidh saorghluaiseacht ar earraí ag dul ón Tuaisceart go Poblacht na hÉireann mar a bhí eagraithe tar éis an Bhreatimeachta. Ach ansin bhí bacanna eacnamaíochta ar earraí ag dul ón Ríocht Aontaithe go dtí Tuaisceart Éireann. Braitheann an comhaontú seo ar dhílárú Stormont agus ar theacht ar réiteach chun na hinstitúidí polaitíochta a chur i bhfeidhm arís. D'fógair Nicola Sturgeon go mbeidh sí ag éirí as mar Chéad-Aire na hAlban. Chaith sí os cionn ocht mbliana mar cheannaire ar Pháirtí Náisiúnta na hAlban. Ba í an chéad bhean riamh a sheas mar Chéad-Aire agus a chaith an tréimhse is faide sa ról sin. Dúirt sí gur bhraith sí ina ceann agus ina croí go raibh sé in am eirí as. Fanfaidh sí mar Chéad-Aire go dtí go mbeidh a comharba tofa. Baineadh cor coise as Sturgeon agus an SNP le deanaí nuair a Rialaigh an Chúirt Uachtarach in aghaidh reifreann eile a reachtáil chun neamhspléachas ón Ríocht Aontaithe a bhaint amach. Buaileadh go dona iad leis, nuair a theip ar an bPáirtí Náisiúnta bille trasinscneach a thabhairt isteach, bille a thabharfadh cead do dhaoine trasinsneacha a n-inscne a athrú gan gá le diagnóis shíciatrach. Tá cúpla duine ainmithe mar iarrthóirí san iomaíocht cheannaireachta: John Swinney, Kate Forbes agus Angus Robertson. Cuireadh amach píosa scannánaíochta neamhchoitianta den Titanic a deineadh taifeadadh air sa bhliain 1986. Dhein Institiúid Aigéaneolaíochta Woods Hole taifeadadh ar an Titanic agus í trí chilimeádar faoi dhromchla na mara. Thángadar ar an smionagar cúpla mí roimh ré. Bhí blúiríní den taifeadadh le feiscint ar chláracha faisnéise ach anois tá an físeán go léir,a mhaireann 80 nóimead, le fáil ar Youtube. Beidh daoine ábalta féachaint timpeall an bháid san áit a ndeachaigh sé go tóin poill. Bhuail an Titanic cnoc oighir in Aibreán 1912 san Altantach ar an mbealach go Nua-Eabhrac. Fuair os cionn 1500 daoine bás. Deineadh atheisiúint freisin ar an scannán Titanic a stiúir James Cameron mar tá an scannán 25 bliain ar an bhfód. * Léirithe ag Conradh na Gaeilge i Londain. Tá an script ar fáil i d'aip phodchraolta. * GLUAIS idirbheartaíocht - negotiation saorghluaiseacht - free movement comharba - successor cor coise - setback deineadh/dhein = rinneadh/rinne smionagar - debris blúiríní - snippets

Chas coiste Pháirtí Náisiúnta na hAlban, an SNP, le chéile aréir le dhul i mbun réitigh do thoghchán ceannaireachta an Pháirtí i ndiaidh fhógra Nicola Sturgeon go bhfuil sí ag dul ag éirí as a cuid cúramaí.

jQuery(document).ready(function(){ cab.clickify(); }); Original Podcast with clickable words https://tinyurl.com/2keu5nv7 Contact: irishlingos@gmail.com Nicola Sturgeon resigning as First Minister of Scotland. Nicola Sturgeon ag éirí as a post mar Chéad Aire na hAlban. Nicola Sturgeon has announced that she is stepping down as First Minister of Scotland after eight years. Tá sé fógraithe ag Nicola Sturgeon go bhfuil sí ag éirí as a post mar Chéad Aire na hAlban i ndiaidh ocht mbliana. The First Minister announced this at a press event in Edinburgh this morning when she said it is time for her to stand aside. D'fhógair an Chéad Aire an méid seo ag preas ócáid i nDún Éideann ar maidin nuair a dúirt sí go bhfuil sé in am aici seasamh i leataobh. The leader of the Scottish National Party said she will remain in the post until the party chooses her successor. Dúirt ceannaire Pháirtí Náisiúnta na hAlban go bhfanfaidh sí sa phost go dtí go roghnóidh an páirtí comharba uirthi. Sturgeon is the longest-serving First Minister since Scotland's devolved parliament was established in 1999. Is í Sturgeon an Chéad Aire is faide sa phost ó bunaíodh parlaimint díláraithe na hAlban i 1999. She said that, although she understands that her decision would hurt many people, she believes that it is the wise decision for herself, her party and the country as a whole. Dúirt sí, cé go dtuigeann sí go ngoillfeadh a cinneadh ar go leor daoine, go gcreideann sí gurb é an cinneadh críonna é aici féin, dá páirtí agus don tír trí chéile. Sturgeon has been First Minister in Scotland since 2014 when she succeeded Alex Salmond. Tá Sturgeon ina Céad Aire in Albain ón bhliain 2014 nuair a tháinig sí i gcomharbacht ar Alex Salmond. He resigned as First Minister in 2014 when the Scottish National Party failed in the Independence Referendum. D'éirigh seisean as post an Chéad Aire i 2014 nuair a theip ar Pháirtí Náisiúnta na hAlban sa Reifreann Neamhspleáchais. Sturgeon took the party lead with a firm determination to achieve independence for Scotland, and although she managed to increase the SNP's number of seats significantly after the referendum, she was unsuccessful in her efforts to pass legislation that would allow the parliament to change the constitution. Chuaigh Sturgeon i gceannas an pháirtí agus rún daingean aici neamhspleáchas a bhaint amach d'Albain, agus cé gur éirigh léi cur go mór le líon suíochán an SNP i ndiaidh an reifrinn, níor éirigh léi ina h-iarrachtaí reachtaíocht a rith a cheadódh don pharlaimint an bunreacht a athrú. The British Supreme Court ruled in 2022 that the Scottish Parliament could not pass that legislation, but the SNP now wants Scottish voters to treat the next general election in Britain as a "de facto" referendum. Rialaigh Cúirt Uachtarach na Breataine i 2022 nach bhféadfadh Parlaimint na hAlban an reachtaíocht sin a rith, ach tá an SNP anois ag iarraidh go gcaithfeadhi vótóirí na hAlbhan leis an chéad olltoghchán eile sa Bhreatain mar reifreann "de facto." Nicola Sturgeon has been under siege recently over controversial amendments to gender recognition legislation, but she told reporters this morning that her decision was not about "short-term issues." Bhí Nicola Sturgeon faoi léigear ar na mallaibh maidir le leasuithe conspóideacha ar an reachtaíocht a bhaineann le aitheantas inscne, ach dúirt sí le tuairisceoirí ar maidin nár bhain a cinneadh le "ceisteanna gearr-théarmacha." Britain has rejected the Scottish Gender Recognition Act which would have made it easier for people to legally change their gender. Dhiúltaigh an Bhreatain d'Acht Aitheantais Inscne na hAlban a chiallódh go mbeadh sé níos éasca ag daoine n-inscne a athrú de réir dlí.

Tá rialtas na Breataine chun bac a chur leis an mBille um Aitheantais Inscne a chuaigh tríd Parlaimint na hAlban an mhí seo caite.

Nuacht Mhall. Príomhscéalta na seachtaine, léite go mall. * Inniu an séú lá is fiche de mhí na Samhna. Is mise Niall Ó Cuileagáin. Fuair níos mó ná 270 duine bás san Indinéis de bharr creatha talún in iarthar Iáva Dé Luain seo caite. Dé réir na n-údarás, tá 151 duine fós ar iarraidh agus tá 1000 duine eile gortaithe. Tréigeadh beagnach 60,000 teach sa cheantar mar gheall ar an tubaiste nádúrtha. Bhí eipealár an chreatha talún i gceantar sléibhe agus bhain sé 5.6 amach ar scála Richter. Mar bharr ar an mí-ádh, bhí sciorradh talún sa cheantar tar éis an chreatha talún agus mar sin bhí deacrachtaí ag na seirbhísí éigeandála cuidiú le daoine. Tá an ceantar seo in Iáva lonnaithe idir plátaí teicteonacha agus mar sin bíonn creathanna talún sa réigiún go minic. Rialaigh Cúirt Uachtarach na Breataine nach bhfuil an ceart ag Parlaimint na hAlban reifreann eile ar neamhspleáchas na tíre a fhógairt gan cead ón Rialtas in Westminster. D'fhógair an Tiarna Robert Reed an cinneadh ar son na Cúirte agus dúirt sé gur cinneadh d'aon ghuth a bhí ann. Léirigh Céad-Aire na hAlban Nicola Sturgeon a díoma faoin rialú ach dúirt sí go raibh ceart féinchinntiúcháin fós ag Albain. Tharla an chéad reifreann ar neamhspleáchas na hAlban ocht mbliana ó shin. Sa reifreann sin, vótáil 55% den phobal i gcoinne an neamhspleáchais ach tá roinnt athruithe tar éis teacht ar an scéal ó shin i leith, mar shampla an Breatimeacht, rogha a dhiúltaigh pobal na hAlban go formhór. Dúirt Nicola Sturgeon go mbeidh an chéad olltoghchán eile mar reifreann ar neamhspleáchas na hAlban. Cuireadh tús leis an gCorn Domhanda i gCatar Dé Domhnaigh nuair a chaill an tír óstach in aghaidh Eacuadór. Seo an chéad uair a bhfuil an Corn Domhanda ar siúl i dtír Arabach ach tá go leor conspóide ag baint leis an gcomórtas. Creidtear go forleathan go raibh éilliú sa chaoi ar roghnaigh FIFA an tír óstach. Chomh maith leis sin, cáineann gníomhaithe ar son cearta daonna Catar mar gheall ar an gcaoi go gcaitear le hoibrithe inimirce agus an easpa cearta don phobal LADTA+. Creidtear go bhfuair níos mó ná 6,500 oibrí inimirce bás ó bronnadh an comórtas, an chuid is mó as fo-ilchríoch na hIndia. D'éiligh Amnesty International ar FIFA ciste a bhunú d'oibrithe inimirce agus a gclann. Maidir le cúrsaí ar an bpáirc imeartha, bhí dhá iontas mhóra ann go dtí seo: chaill an Airgintín in aghaidh ha hAraibe Sádaí agus fuair an tSeapáin an lámh in uachtar ar an nGéarmáin. * Léirithe ag Conradh na Gaeilge i Londain. Tá an script ar fáil i d'aip phodchraolta. * GLUAIS crith talún - earthquake eipealár - epicentre sciorradh talún - landslide d'aon ghuth - unanimous ceart féinchinntiúcháin - right to self-determination éilliú - corruption fo-ilchríoch - subcontinent

Nuacht Mhall. Príomhscéalta na seachtaine, léite go mall. * Inniu an cúigiú lá déag de mhí Dheireadh Fómhair. Is mise Sibéal Dempsey. Maraíodh deichniúr tráthnóna Dé hAoine seo caite nuair a tharla pléascadh ag stáisiún peitril ar an gCraoslach, i gContae Dhún na nGall. Gortaíodh ochtar eile. Ní fios cén chúis dhíreach a bhí leis an bpléasc, mar go bhfuil imscrúduithe fós ar bun agus saineolaithe pléasctha tugtha isteach chun cabhrú leis na Gardaí sa chás. Ina ainneoin sin, tá sé ráite ag gardaí gur cosúil gur timpiste tragóideach a bhí ann. Níl sé soiléir ag an bpointe seo an leanfaidh fiosrúchán Rialtais na himscrúduithe freisin. Tá ciste daonnúil stáit, a úsáidtear de ghnáth i gcás tuilte, le leathnú chuig teaghlaigh na n-íospartach. Tá trí chéad caoga míle euro bailithe go dtí seo ag daoine ón gceantar áitiúil trí fheachtais tiomsaithe airgid ar líne. Cháiligh foireann peile na mban na hÉireann do Chorn an Domhain, le bua in aghaidh na hAlban tráthnóna Dé Máirt an tseachtain seo. Ba é an scór deiridh ná Albain a náid, Éire a haon, le cúl ó Amber Barrett a tháinig ón mbinse chun cúl a scóráil sa dara nóiméad is seachtó. Seo an chéad uair don fhoireann áit a bhaint amach sa chomórtas le naoi mbliana is daichead ó bhí siad san iomaíocht go hidirnáisiúnta agus ciallaíonn sé sin go mbeidh an fhoireann ag taisteal go dtí an Astráil agus an Nua-Shéalainn an samhradh seo chugainn don chomórtas féin. Tá leithscéal eisithe ag Cumann Peile na hÉireann freisin tar éis físeán a tháinig chun solais ar na meáin shóisialta den fhoireann ag canadh liricí atá ar son an IRA tar éis an bhua. Dúirt an Cumann go raibh trua acu as “aon chion a rinneadh”. Tá leithscéal eisithe ag bainisteoir na foirne Vera Pauw freisin. Tháinig na liricí féin ó amhrán leis na Wolfe Tones, a eisíodh ar dtús do chomóradh céad bliain an chlub peile Celtic. D'fhoilsigh I Wish, eagraíocht for-rochtana oideachais ETIM na hÉireann torthaí a taighde le déanaí. Fuarthas amach sa taighde go bhfuil athrú le déanaí ar dhearcadh cailíní sna déaga i leith gairm bheatha a bheith acu in ábhair ETIM – eolaíocht, teicneolaíocht, innealtóireacht agus mata. Fuarthas amach go bhfuil ochtó a ceathair faoin gcéad de chailíní sna déaga ag iarraidh tuilleadh eolais a fháil faoi ETIM, i gcomparáid le caoga a trí faoin gcéad sa bhliain dhá mhíle is a sé. Léirigh an suirbhé freisin go bhfuil an dearcadh seo ag éirí níos dearfaí in ainneoin torthaí níos imníche. Mar shampla, léirigh seasca a ceathair faoin gcéad an bhearna inscne in ETIM mar bhac, agus easpa muiníne ag daichead faoin gcéad as a gcumas gairm bheatha a leanúint sa réimse. Chomh maith le taighde ar na bacainní braite, tá roinnt moltaí sa tuarascáil freisin, mar shampla, na daltaí dara leibhéal a chur in aithne do ghairmithe baineanna ETIM atá bunaithe go háitiúil ina gcéad bhliain. * Léirithe ag Conradh na Gaeilge i Londain. Tá an script ar fáil i d'aip phodchraolta. * GLUAIS pléascadh - explosion ciste daonnúil stáit - state humanitarian fund imscrùduithe - investigations eagraíocht for-rochtana oideachais - education outreach organisation ETIM - STEM bearna inscne - gender gap bacainn - obstacle

Tabharfaidh grúpa atá bainteach le forbairt phobail, oideachais, spóirt agus ceoil, ó Oileán Leodhais i nGaeltacht na hAlban, cuairt ar Iarthar Duibhneach amáireach go hAoine.

Tharraing iarrthóir ceannaireachta na gCaomhach conspóid an tseachtain seo nuair a dúirt sí go mba cheart neamhaird a dhéanamh de Nicola Sturgeon, Príomh-Aire na hAlban, atá i mbun feachtais neamhspleáchais dá tír a bhaint amach.

Chuir Liz Truss i leith Nicola Sturgeon gur ag iarraidh aird a tharraingt uirthi féin a bhí Sturgeon agus reifreann ar neamhspleáchas na hAlban á éileamh aici. Labhraímid faoi seo le Seán F Ó Drisceoil (Tráchtaire agus Comhairleoir Tithíochta Tuaithe san Albain).

jQuery(document).ready(function(){ cab.clickify(); }); Original Podcast with clickable words https://tinyurl.com/y3k9adpa Man killed by storm in Antrim. Fear maraithe de bharr na stoirme in Aontroim. A man was killed when a tree fell on his car in the town of Antrim this afternoon. Maraíodh fear nuair a thit crann ar a ghluaisteán i mbaile Aontroma tráthnóna. It was reported that there was a strong wind at the time. Tuairiscítear go raibh gaoth mhór ann ag an am. Forecasters in the North have issued a yellow weather forecast for gale force winds. Tá fógra aimsire a bhfuil stádas buí leis eisithe ag lucht réamhaisnéise sa Tuaisceart maidir leis an ngaoth fórsa gála. Storm Arwen has been called the storm by British meteorologists. Stoirm Arwen atá tugtha ag meitéareolaithe na Breataine ar an anfa. They have issued a weather alert with red status for the east of Scotland and the north east of England. Tá fógra aimsire a bhfuil stádas dearg leis eisithe acu d'oirthear na hAlban agus d'oirthuaisceart Shasana. Met Éireann has also issued a yellow wind status notice. Tá fógra gaoithe a bhfuil stádas buí leis eisithe ag Met Éireann chomh maith. They say that three counties in the north - west - Donegal, Sligo and Mayo - will have a wind speed of 110 kilometers per hour from now until tomorrow morning. Deir siad go mbeidh luas 110 ciliméadar san uair faoin ngaoth i dtrí chontae san iarthuaisceart - mar atá, Dún na nGall, Sligeach agus Maigh Eo - as seo go maidin amárach. It will also rise to gale force on the east coast tonight. Géaróidh sé chun gála freisin ar chósta an oirthir anocht. Heavy rain, snow and sleet are promised for the north of the country. Tá báisteach throm, sneachta agus flichshneachta geallta do thuaisceart na tíre. The ladhg falls mostly on hills. Ar chnoic is mó a thitfeas an ladhg.

Nuacht Mhall. Príomhscéalta na seachtaine, léite go mall. * Inniu an séú lá déag de mhí an Mheithimh. Is mise Niall Ó Siadhail. Tá imní go bhfuil tríú tonn de phaindéim Covid-19 ar siúl agus líon cásanna an athraithigh Delta ag dul in airde sa Bhreatain. Meastar gurb iad ionfhabhtaithe i measc aosaigh óga a spreag an méadú seo, agus mar sin, moltar go nglacfaidh gach duine os cionn ocht mbliana déag d'aois leis an vacsaín chomh luath agus is féidir. In Éirinn, tá bialanna agus tithe tábhairne ag súil le fáilte a chur roimh custaiméirí taobh istigh i mí Iúil ach tá seans ann go gcuirfear dáta na hathoscailte siar mar gheall ar an athraitheach Delta. Beidh an Íoslainn ar an chéad tír san Eoraip chun na srianta ar fad a scaoileadh inniu. Ní bheidh orthu masc a chaitheamh nó fanacht siar óna chéile mar go bhfuair beagnach nócha faoin chéad den daonra an chéad instealladh den vacsaín, an ráta is airde ar domhan. Tháinig babhta na ngrúpaí de Chraobhchomórtas Peile na hEorpa 2020 chun deiridh Dé Céadaoin. Rachaidh sé fhoireann déag ar aghaidh chuig an dara babhta den chomórtas, a thosóidh inniu. Beidh an Bhreatain Bheag ag imirt in aghaidh na Danmhairge, foireann a fuair tacaíocht fhorleathan i ndiaidh taom croí a bheith ag a n-imreoir is mó le rá Christian Eriksen ar an pháirc imeartha coicís ó shin. Imreoidh foireann Shasana in aghaidh na Gearmáine Dé Máirt. Ní raibh ach bua amháin ag Sasana ar an Ghearmáin ag príomhchomórtas peile le caoga bliain, agus tharla sé sin sa bhliain dhá mhíle. Ar an drochuair, níor éirigh le foireann na hAlban áit a bhaint amach sa dara babhta. Den chéad uair, is féidir le turasóirí amharc thart tolláin agus seomraí faoi thalamh an Cholasaeim sa Róimh. Tugadh “cúlstáitse” an amfaitéatair ar na seomraí seo, ina mbíodh gliairí agus ainmhithe fiáine ag fanacht sula dtéadh siad amach i lár na hairéine. Bhí idir innealtóirí, ailtirí agus seandálaithe páirteach san athchóiriú agus beidh cuairteoirí in ann siúl trí cúig dhorchla dhéag chun 15000 méadar cearnach de tholláin agus seomraí a fheiceáil. Tá an Colasaem ar ceann de na foirgnimh is íocónaí sa Róimh. Cuireadh tús le tógáil an amfaitéatair sa bhliain 72 i réimeas an Impire Vespasian agus cuireadh i gcrích é i réimeas a mhic Titus sa bhliain 80. Ba ghnáth lucht féachana 70000 a bheith ann. * Léirithe ag Conradh na Gaeilge i Londain. Tá an script ar fáil i d'aip phodchraolta. * GLUAIS athraitheach Delta - Delta variant aosaigh óga - young adults tacaíocht fhorleathan - widespread support taom croí - heart attack tolláin - tunnels gliairí - gladiators lár na hairéine - middle of the arena dorchla - corridor

Cé go raibh a gceannaire Nicola Sturgeon gann suíochán le móramh iomlán a bheith aici níor sheas sí siar ó cheist an neamhspleáchais inné agus í ag rá gurb é ceart daonlathach na hAlban an dara reifreann a bheith acu.

Bhí Príomh Aire na hAlban Nicola Sturgeon ag tabhairt fianaise inniu mar chuid d’fhiosrúchán faoi mar a dhéileáil rialtas na hAlban le líomhaintí a déanadh i gcoinne Alex Salmond. Pléimid an scéal seo le Niall Ó Gallchóir (Comhfhreagraí Polaitiúil BBC Alba).

Istentisztelet a Gyulai Baptista Gyülekezetben 2021. február 28-án. Igét hirdet: Merényi Zoltán, lelkipásztor. Igehely: Jónás 2. Jónást bedobták a tengerészek a háborgó tengerbe, amely ezek után lecsillapodott. Jónást pedig bekapta egy hatalmas hal. Jónás a halban elkezd imádkozni... Az ismert történet új megvilágításban.

[English version below] Thit an long i dtreo an phláinéid dheirg, í ag luasghéarú i gcónaí. Bhí na cúrsóirí á leanúint agus, mar a shíl A-Hiom, bhí siad ag teacht suas leo, beagán ar bheagán. Líon Na Hasta an radharc ar fad a bhí rompu agus chonaic Sál na sraitheanna de scamaill agus stoirmeacha ina nguairneáin, iad oráiste agus bán, ag casadh leo in atmaisféar meirgeach an phláinéid. Ar a dTeitheadh i Spás-Long Lastais Beirt ar a dteitheadh ó Roghail, gealach bheag amach ón bpláinéad dearg Na Hasta, is ea Sál agus Ríosa. Éalaíonn siad i spáslong lastais — agus an crogall daonna, an Sáirsint Raithdead, ar a dtóir. Ach amach rompu tá namhaid níos mó agus níos measa — agus gan fhios di féin, tá rún á cheilt ag Ríosa a tharraingeoidh fórsaí uile an Oilc sa mhullach orthu. Buaiteoir Ghradam an Saltire Society Úrscéal ficsean eolaíochta a scríobhadh i nGaeilge na hAlban is ea Air Cuan Dubh Drilseach. In 2013 a foilsíodh é agus is é an chéad úrscéal ficsean eolaíochta lánfhada a scríobhadh do dhaoine fásta i nGaeilge é. Ghnóthaigh an leabhar seo gradam an ‘First Book of the Year' do Tim Armstrong ón Saltire Society in 2013. Is é Eoin P. Ó Murchú a d'aistrigh. Scríbhneoir agus ceoltóir as Seattle Mheiriceá é Tim Armstrong, agus is léachtóir i Sabhal Mòr Ostaig é. Tá sé ag obair faoi láthair ar an dara húrscéal leis, An Luingeas Dorcha air Fàire. Láithreoir: Seán Ó Catháin Aíonna: Bríd-Treasa Ní Ghaoithín agus Aonghus Ó Lochlainn [Leagan Gaeilge thuas] Escape on a Cargo Space-Ship Sál and Ríosa are on the run from Roghail, a small moon off Neasg, They escape on a cargo ship — with the human-crocadile Sergeant Rathaid hot on their heels. But out there waiting for them is a greater menace — and, unknown to her, Ríona hides a secret that will bring the forces of destruction upon them. Winner of the Saltire Society Award Tinte na Farraige Duibhe (Air Cuan Dubh Drilseach) is a science fiction novel written in Scottish Gaelic by Tim Armstrong and published by CLÀR in 2013. It is the first hard science-fiction novel in Gaelic written for adults. This book won the Saltire Society First Book of the Year Award in 2013. Translated by Eoin P. Ó Murchú. Tim Armstrong is a writer and musician from Seattle in the United States. He lives in Scotland and works as a lecturer in Sabhal Mòr Ostaig. He is currently working on his second novel, An Luingeas Dorcha air Faire. Presenter: Seán Ó Catháin Guests: Bríd-Treasa Ní Ghaoithín and Aonghus Ó Lochlainn

Chuir bád patróil de chuid na hAlban cosc ar bhád iascaigh as Dún na nGall a dhul isteach in uiscí timpeall Charraig Rocail – chuaigh oifigeach ar bord an Northern Celt athrú inné agus dúradh le Scipéara an bháid nach bhféadfadh sé a dhul ag iascach i bhfoisceacht dá mhíle dhéag den charraig de bharr an Bhreatimeachta.

Ciencia y Tecnología durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Parte 2. De 1938 a 1939. En este capítulo seguimos el repaso de acontecimientos previos a la guerra, y que serán de importancia capital durante la misma: Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner y la fisión nuclear; Norman Heatley y su método de purificación de la penicilina; Alemania y la fundación del Club del Uranio; Hans Bethe y los mecanismos de la fusión nuclear; Joliot-Curie, Halban, Kowarski y la primera patente para una bomba atómica; la máquina de desencriptación polaca 'La Bomba'; Alemania y el primer avión con motor de turboreacción, y más... Tertulianos: Luis, Marc y Xavi. Algunas fuentes: -'Atomic Timeline' - Atomic Heritage Foundation -'The First Reactor' - U.S. Department of Energy -'The Discovery of Penicillin—New Insights After More Than 75 Years of Clinical Use' - Robert Gaynes -'Robert H. Goddard: American Rocket Pioneer' - Goddard Space Flight Center -Wikipedia

D’fhéadfadh Covid 19 imeacht as smacht in Albain faoi dheireadh na míosa a dúirt Nicola Sturgeon, Céad Aire na hAlban, agus í ag fógairt srianta nua inné le dhul i ngleic leis an ardú atá tagtha ar chásanna Covid.

"Gaeil na hÉireann agus na hAlban" téama Scoil Gheimhridh Merriman na bliana 1975. Michéal Ó hUanacháin a láithrigh agus Proinsias Ó Conluain a léirigh. Sympsium ar an ábhar le Dáithí Ó hUaithne, AntOllamh Mairtín Ó Murchú, Andréas Ó Gallchóir agus Gordon Mac Giolla Fhinéin

Ar an gclár seo labhair Niamh Ní Chróinín ó Chonradh na Gaeilge linn faoi amhrán Gaeilge Wheatus agus eile ar Ceol 2018 a eiseofar níos déanaí sa bhliain. Chomh maith leis sin bhí Evin Ó Dunaigh ag labhairt linn ó Ghlaschú na hAlban faoin bhfeachtas atá athosaithe chun Gàidhlig a chur ar Duolingo agus faoi Chonradh Na Gaeilge Glaschú.

[English version below] Tá An Fuadach le Robert Louis Stevenson ar cheann de na húrscéalta is mó cáil riamh. Seo é scéal scleondrach corraitheach an dílleachta Dáibhí Balfúr, fear óg a bhfuil a uncail Eibinéasar ag iarraidh é a mharú agus a oidhreacht a thógáil dó féin. Is é a chairdeas leis an claimhteoir Seacaibíteach Ailean Breac Stíobhaird a thugann slán é - ach is fear é siúd a bhfuil an tóir amuigh ag na Sasanaigh air agus, ina chuideachta, caithfidh Dáibhí dul i mbaol a bháis i nGaeltacht na hAlban agus na Cótaí Dearga sna sála orthu. Aithnítear An Fuadach go forleathan mar an t-úrscéal is fearr de chuid Stevenson, leabhar ar ar thug Henry James ‘coróin agus príomhbhua an ealaíontóra'. San aistriúchán seo le Darach Ó Scolaí, tá an t-úrscéal a scríobhadh in 1886 curtha in oiriúint do léitheoirí an lae inniu, agus é maisithe le pictiúir ó eagrán 1913 den leabhar le N.C. Wyeth. Láithreoir: Róisín Adams Aíonna: Caoimhe Nic Lochlainn agus Eoin P. Ó Murchú [Leagan Gaeilge thuas] Although Biddy Jenkinson is known primarily for her poetry, there is no doubt but that she is an artful short story writer. Though the eighteen stories in this collection, An Grá Riabhach, span a wide range of subjects and themes - old age, mythology, the copulation of fish, religion, gardening - there are two elements that feature in every single story within the collection: humour and excellent characterisation. Presenter: Róisín Adams Guests: Caoimhe Nic Lochlainn agus Eoin P. Ó Murchú

Ar an gclár seo chualamar ó Devin Ó Flanagáin ón Indiana Celtic Community i MeánIarthar na Stát Aontaithe faoin deireadh seachtaine Gaeilge a bhí á reachtáil acu i mBloomington, Indiana agus na himeachtaí Ceilteacha éagsúla a bhíonn ar siúl acu leis an bpobal ansin. Chomh maith leis sin bhí Michelle Nic Grianna, buaiteoir Phearsa Raidió na Bliana ag Féile na Meán Ceilteach linn le labhairt linn faoin bhFéile a bhí ar siúl in Inbhir Nis na hAlban agus faoina cuid oibre féin le Raidió na Gaeltachta.

Ar an gclár seo de Fada is Fairsing, bhí Natalia Danzmann beo sa stiúideó linn tar éis di bogadh go hÉirinn óna háit dhúchais Sao Paulo sa Bhrasaíl. Chomh maith leis sin labhair iriseoir de chuid tuairisc.ie Maitiú Ó Coimín linn faoi thaighde a rinneadh ar chainteoirí na Breatnaise agus ar úsáid na teangan ar líne sa lá atá inniu ann. Ar deireadh, chualamar​ ​ó Mhichaeline Donnelly, atá mar Oifigeach Forbartha don Cheathrú Gaeltachta le Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin i nDoire faoi na ranganna Gaidhlige (Gaeilge na hAlban) a mbeidh siad á gcur ar fáil sa Chultúrlann go luath.

Ar an gclár seo labhraíomar le Louis de Paor faoina bhliain idir ollscoileanna i Nua Eabhrac agus California ar scoláireacht Fulbright ag teagasc agus ag obair ar shaothair éagsúla, bhíomar ag caint le Mariachiara Pecchiari as an Iodáil a d'fhoghlaim Gaeilge i nGaillimh agus í ag staidéar in OÉG ansin agus phléamar scéalta móra idirnáisiúnta na seachtaine - reifreann na hAlban agus cás Oscar Pistorius san áireamh.

[English version below] Scothscéalta le Donnchadh MacGillIosa agus Màrtainn Mac an t-Saoir, beirt den chomhluadar nua scríbhneoirí atá ag cur brí agus beatha i litríocht Ghaeilge na hAlban. Seo do chuireadh isteach i limistéar samhlaíochta a chuimsíonn Gaeltacht agus bailte móra na hAlban, an Nua-Shéalainn agus críocha nach bhfuil le fáil ar léarscáil ar bith. Aistrithe go Gaeilge le cúnamh Idirmhalartán Litríocht Éireann. Láithreoir: Diarmuid Ó Mathúna Aíonna: Aodh Ó Gallchóir agus Lisa Nic an Bhreithimh [Leagan Gaeilge thuas] The best of stories by Donnchadh MacGillIosa and Màrtainn Mac an t-Saoir, both from a community of new writers who put life and soul into the Gaelic literature of Scotland. An invitation to open up the imagination in encompassing the Gaeltacht and large towns of Scotland, New Zealand, and places not to be found on any map. Translated to Irish with the support of the Irish Literary Exchange. Presenter: Diarmuid Ó Mathúna Guests: Aodh Ó Gallchóir and Lisa Nic an Bhreithimh

Ar an tríochú clár d'Fhada is Fairsing labhraímid le fear mór Gaeilge Ceanada, Aralt Mac Giolla Chainnigh a tháinig go hÉirinn ar feadh roinnt seachtainí chun páirt a ghlacadh i Lá Mór na Gaeilge chomh maith le sraith oráidí a dhéanamh le grúpaí éagsúla faoin réaltólaíocht agus na deiseanna a bheidh ann d'Éireannaigh san earnáil amach anseo. Cuirimid an Ghaeilge is an Ghaidhlig i gcomparáid lena chéile ansin, in agallamh le Alison Ní Dhorchaidhe ó Bhaile Átha Cliath atá i mbun oibre anois leis an nGaidhlig(Gaeilge na hAlban) i nGlaschú. Múineann sí roinnt focal Gaidhlige dúinn chomh maith ó na canúintí éagsúla den teanga a bhfuil eolas aici orthu.