DSP Talk

Alyza Tarmohamed is the Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of Radicle Health, a company dedicated to transforming human services through innovative technology. With a unique professional journey transitioning from finance and insurance technology to behavioral health, Alyza has infused her expertise in software solutions to enhance efficiency and care quality in the human services field. Her personal motivation is deeply rooted in her family's community service background, inspired by her upbringing in a small Canadian town.Episode Summary:Welcome back to DSP Talks with our host, Asheley Blaise, who delves into the intersection of technology and behavioral health services. Today's insightful conversation features Alyza Tarmohamed, CEO and Co-President of Radicle Health, who shares her unconventional journey into the sector and outlines the impact of digital documentation on the responsibilities of Direct Support Professionals (DSPs). With an industry in evolution, Alyza emphasizes the crucial role technology plays in enabling more holistic care approaches.In this episode, Alyza discusses the transformative power of digital documentation, highlighting its ability to improve continuity of care, streamline communication, and enhance goal tracking for individuals receiving services. The discussion touches on the challenges of adopting new tech solutions and the need to increase DSP proficiency with intuitive design and comprehensive training. Technology is explored as a future tool to minimize time spent on administrative tasks, allowing DSPs more time for direct care, thus maximizing their impact.Key Takeaways:Impact of Digital Documentation: Enhanced continuity and holistic care are key benefits, as well as more seamless communication within care teams.Technology as a Support, Not a Task: Emphasis is on tech tools that facilitate easier job performance, not just add to DSP workload.Training and Usability: Technology companies are investing heavily in user-friendly platforms and practical training to ensure DSPs can leverage technology effectively.Future Technological Innovations: Exploring AI and automation to reduce documentation time, supporting DSPs in providing quality care.Notable Quotes:"Technology isn't there for technology's sake; it's there to ensure things get better or help people do their jobs more easily.""DSPs are on the front line, making sure we see those connections in the data, linking individual care to broader program goals.""Without an overarching picture of data over time, we miss the opportunity to showcase meaningful progress and impact.""My hope is that technology will have a real impact on how DSPs do their work in the future."Resources:Radicle Health: Learn more about the company and its missionDive into the full episode to witness the future of technology in behavioral health with Alyza Tarmohamed. Stay tuned for more enlightening discussions from DSP Talks, spotlighting the intersection of care and innovation. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Kenny Burr is a dedicated advocate for disability rights and accessibility, with a focus on improving the voting process for individuals with disabilities. He has held leadership roles with the Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation, serving as a self-advocate lead and region 3 lead, where he supported workforce champions and direct support professionals. Kenny has been active on various disability advocacy boards, including the Mayor's Disability Advisory Committee in White Plains and the County of Westchester. A graduate of the Marinette Public School system and Wright State University with a bachelor's degree in Political Science and a minor in International Relations, Kenny is passionate about social justice, education, and community improvement, particularly in his hometown of Larchmont.In this thought-provoking episode of DSP Talk, host Asheley Blaise welcomes Kenny Burr, a passionate advocate for disability voting rights and accessibility. Kenny, who has been active on many disability advocacy boards, shares his journey from personal experiences that fueled his drive for change to the broader impact of his efforts in the community. With a strong background in leadership roles and a keen understanding of the issues at hand, Kenny offers valuable insights for anyone interested in advocacy and inclusion.Kenny delves into the specific barriers that individuals with disabilities face when voting, such as accessibility issues with polling places and voting machines, and emphasizes the importance of addressing these challenges to ensure full participation in the electoral process. He outlines the critical role direct support professionals play in facilitating voter access and the need for them to support without influencing decisions. Throughout the episode, Kenny underscores the importance of being informed about issues and active in voting, particularly for marginalized communities, highlighting that every vote indeed matters.Key Takeaways:Kenny Burr's personal experiences with cerebral palsy have fueled his advocacy for enhanced accessibility and inclusion.Voting accessibility remains a significant barrier for individuals with disabilities, necessitating increased awareness and systemic improvements.Direct support professionals are pivotal in assisting individuals with disabilities in the voting process, without exerting influence over their choices.Participation in voting ensures that marginalized communities can voice their needs and priorities, shaping a more inclusive society.Empowered and informed voting is crucial for advocating social justice and sustaining improvements in community life.Resources:Regional Centers for Workforce TransformationMayor's Disability Advisory CommitteeDisability Voting Guide – U.S. Vote FoundationADA Protecting the Rights of Voters Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Vivian Attanasio: Vivian Attanasio is an esteemed behavioral specialist with extensive experience in developing and implementing behavior intervention plans. With a career spanning several years, she has worked closely with both individuals and interdisciplinary teams to promote effective behavior management and intervention strategies. Vivian is recognized for her innovative approaches and profound commitment to enhancing the quality of life for individuals through tailored behavior supports.Episode Summary:In this enlightening episode, Asheley Blaise sits down with Vivian Attanasio to explore the critical role of active listening and direct support professionals (DSPs) in the design and implementation of effective behavior intervention plans. Vivian shares her extensive experience and highlights the nuances often missed in behavior plans that can significantly impact their effectiveness. They discuss the importance of respecting individual preferences, understanding cultural considerations, and the ethical concerns surrounding the implementation of ABA.This episode emphasizes how proactive strategies shaped by listening to DSPs can lead to better, more personalized intervention plans. Vivian provides compelling examples to illustrate how nuanced details gleaned from active listening can avoid behavioral escalations and promote healthier outcomes. They also delve into the significance of ongoing training and education tailored to how modern DSPs learn, addressing potential ethical issues in ABA to ensure respect for individuals' autonomy.Key Takeaways:Active listening to DSPs is crucial for developing effective, personalized behavior intervention plans, leading to better health outcomes and reduced behavioral escalations.Addressing triggers before they lead to escalations requires a deep understanding of individual preferences and challenges, which can be achieved through thorough communication and observation.Ongoing, tailored training for DSPs is fundamental to ensure they understand and can implement behavior plans effectively, considering the modern context of learning and societal changes.Ethical considerations in ABA should prioritize the individual's autonomy and safety, ensuring behavior interventions respect personal rights and preferences. Resources:DSP Core Competency Standards: DSP Competencies and Code of Ethics Series | Regional Centers for Workforce TransformationApplied Behavior Analysis (ABA): Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) | Autism SpeaksABA Ethical Guidelines: ETHICS CODES - Behavior Analyst Certification Board (bacb.com)Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM): Psychiatry.org - DSMFor a deeper understanding of the vital role of DSPs and comprehensive insights into effective behavior management strategies, make sure to listen to the full episode. Stay tuned for more enlightening discussions with experts in the field of behavioral sciences. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Vivian Attanasio is the Senior Vice President of Operations at Heartshare Human Services and a board-certified behavior analyst with a publication track record. With a background as a school psychologist and extensive experience in working with both children and adults in the field of behavioral analysis, Vivian has a deeply personal connection to her work. Her career includes collaboration with leading researchers like Doctor Carbone and pivotal projects such as the de-institutionalization of high-profile clients at SUS. Vivian is dedicated to enhancing the quality of life for individuals with disabilities through respect, rights advocacy, and individualized support.Episode Summary:In this enlightening episode of DSP Talk, host Ashley Blaise sits down with the insightful Vivian Attanasio, Senior Vice President of Operations at HeartShare Human Services and a seasoned, board-certified behavior analyst. Vivian shares her personal journey into the field, motivated by her close family experiences with disability. This conversation delves into the core principles of understanding and managing behaviors in individuals with developmental disabilities, with a focus on communication and relationship-building.Behavior as a form of communication is central to the discussion. Vivian breaks down the reasons behind various behaviors and offers actionable advice for Direct Support Professionals (DSPs) to better understand the needs and feelings of those they support. She highlights the importance of building strong, respectful relationships as a foundation for effective support, stressing that trust and mutual respect can significantly prevent behavioral escalations. This episode is packed with both personal anecdotes and professional insights, making it a must-listen for anyone in the field.Key Takeaways:Behavior as Communication: Understanding that behaviors often indicate unmet needs or desires and can be categorized into reasons like attention, escape, tangible (wanting access to something), or sensory issues.Importance of Relationships: Building strong, trusting relationships with the people supported is crucial for preventing and managing behavioral escalations.Respect and Consent: Always ask for permission and respect personal space, whether the individual is vocal or non-vocal, to foster trust and cooperation.Personal Investment: Sharing personal stories and showing genuine interest in the lives of those supported helps in building a stronger rapport and demonstrating respect.Consistent Support: Addressing the trauma of temporary staff and frequent changes, emphasizing the need for consistent and respectful support to build long-term trust. Resources:HeartShare Human Services: HeartShare Human Services of New York | HomepageApplied Behavior Analysis (ABA): Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) | Autism SpeaksDr. Carbone: The Carbone Clinic: Applied Behavior Analysis | Carbone Clinic (thecarboneclinic.ae)What is an IEP? What is an IEP? (understood.org) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Welcome to DSP Talk, your go-to podcast for transformative insights on disability support. In this special DSP Week episode, host Asheley Blaise leads a heartfelt tribute to direct support professionals (DSPs), celebrating the vital role they play in the lives of people with disabilities. This episode features perspectives from various professionals and personal anecdotes, all echoing a common sentiment—gratitude for the unwavering dedication and compassion DSPs bring to their roles.The episode kicks off with Asheley Blaise highlighting the importance of DSPs in creating inclusive communities and empowering individuals with disabilities. Contributions from notable figures like Dorianne Adams, who reflects on her 37-year career, and Jen Vogt, a parent and professional, offer personal and professional appreciation. Industry voices like Joanne Cropper, Kirsten Sanchirico, Melody Johnson, Monica Robinson, Rachel Jacob and Therea Buick further underscore the immeasurable impact DSPs have on lives, emphasizing their roles as advocates, friends, and critical supporters.As we honor the DSP Week, each speaker underscores a recurring theme: the invaluable difference DSPs make, not just as caregivers but as integral parts of the communities they serve. They are celebrated for their kindness, resilience, and the profound, lasting impact they leave on individuals and families. From heartfelt expressions of thanks to acknowledgment of their hard work, this episode is a testament to the indispensable role DSPs play every single day.Key Takeaways:Vital Role of DSPs: Direct support professionals are essential in empowering individuals with disabilities to lead fulfilling lives and in promoting inclusivity.Professional and Personal Gratitude: Both professionals in the field and family members of those receiving services highlight the profound impact of DSPs.Heartfelt Acknowledgment: The episode emphasizes the enduring gratitude felt towards DSPs, not just during DSP Week but year-round.Recognition of Dedication: Consistent acknowledgment of the tireless dedication, compassion, and hard work put in by DSPs, marking a deep appreciation for their service.Community and Empowerment: DSPs are more than caregivers; they are champions of dignity, empowerment, and community support.Notable Quotes:Ashley Blaise: "You're not just caregivers, you're advocates, your friends, and your champions of inclusion. The difference you make is immeasurable."Jen Vogt: "The support you provide to my son helps him navigate his world with more confidence, safety, and joy."Melody Johnson: "What you do for yourself dies with you, but what you do for others—that will live on forever."Rachel Jacob: "You are more than just professionals. You are champions of dignity, empowerment, and inclusion."Resources:Visit the Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation website for more information about the vital role of direct support professionals.Tune in to DSP Talk to listen to the full episode and gain deeper insights into the invaluable contributions of DSPs. Stay tuned for more episodes where we continue to celebrate and recognize the impactful work being done in the field of disability support. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Yolanda Rodriguez is a dedicated Direct Support Professional (DSP) with over four and a half years of experience in the field. She specializes in supporting individuals with disabilities and special needs through various programs, including Day Habilitation (DayHab) and Community Habilitation (ComHab). Yolanda's journey began as a therapist assistant in an after school program for children with autism, and she has since grown to become a staunch advocate for the people she works with, providing tailored support and championing their personal and professional growth.Summary:In this insightful episode, host Asheley Blaise interviews Yolanda Rodriguez, an experienced Direct Support Professional, to delve into the intricacies of supporting individuals with disabilities. Yolanda shares her journey into the field, the principles guiding her work, and practical examples of her role in advocating for and empowering her clients.Yolanda explains the core difference between Day Habilitation and Community Habilitation programs and how extending support beyond typical day hours can foster greater independence for individuals. Through anecdotes, she highlights the importance of empathy, effective listening, and advocacy in her daily tasks. Demonstrating client-centered support, Yolanda discusses the nuances of communication, emphasizing the significance of picking up on nonverbal cues to better understand and meet her clients' needs.Yolanda also shares a heartwarming success story of a client gaining banking independence and discusses her current role in supported employment as a job coach. Her passion for the profession shines through as she articulates the rewards of companionship, personal growth, and the broader societal impact of her work. This episode offers valuable insights for anyone interested in the DSP field, highlighting the essential skills and the profound impacts of this career.Key Takeaways:Empathy and Selflessness: Essential traits for putting the needs of individuals first and providing effective support.Effective Listening: Critical for understanding the unique needs and preferences of individuals with disabilities.Advocacy: Particular emphasis on helping clients advocate for themselves, fostering independence.Communication Skills: Importance of recognizing nonverbal cues and understanding varied communication preferences.Rewarding Career: The growth and fulfillment experienced by DSPs in both personal and professional capacities.Notable Quotes:"In order to put somebody first, we need to have empathy for them and sometimes sacrifice our own needs to help someone else." - Yolanda Rodriguez"Effective listening is so important because it's one of the biggest ways to learn what people are saying, even through nonverbal communication." - Yolanda Rodriguez"Being an advocate for them, but also allowing them to become their own advocate in the process, is key." - Yolanda Rodriguez"Working as a DSP is definitely something you won't forget; it raises awareness and builds a sense of responsibility to contribute to society." - Yolanda RodriguezResources:Popcorn for the People: WebsiteThe Center for Family Support: Website Encourage your audience to take a deep dive into this compelling conversation to uncover more about the rewarding experiences and challenges of being a Direct Support Professional. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Asheley Blaise is a dedicated professional in the field of direct support for individuals with developmental disabilities. With over a decade of experience, Asheley has worked tirelessly to empower DSPs and supervisors in New York through her involvement with the Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation. Starting her journey as a DSP at a young age, Asheley found her passion in helping individuals with disabilities reach their goals and live fulfilling lives. She is committed to advocating for person-centered care and promoting the highest quality of support for those in need.Episode Summary:In this enlightening episode, Asheley Blaise joins the host to discuss the important work of the Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation in New York. Asheley highlights the mission of empowering DSPs and supervisors to excel in their roles, emphasizing integrity, expertise, and dedication to supporting individuals with disabilities. The conversation delves into the significance of the DSP Code of Ethics, person-centered care, and the competencies essential for a competent workforce. Asheley also shares upcoming projects and initiatives of the Regional Centers, including the hosting of the DSP Talk podcast.Key Takeaways:Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation empower DSPs in New York to excel in supporting individuals with disabilities.Following the DSP Code of Ethics and practicing person-centered care are essential for providing high-quality support.A competent workforce positively impacts the lives of those receiving services by ensuring personalized care and trust.Supporting DSPs in their professional growth is crucial for the field, as they are the cornerstone of care and interactions.The upcoming projects of the Regional Centers include hosting the DSP Talk podcast and promoting diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging in the workforce.Notable Quotes:"As a DSP, my first allegiance is to the person I support. All activities flow from this." - Asheley Blaise"Person-centered care places individual needs, preferences, and well-being at the forefront of support." - Asheley Blaise"A competent workforce fosters trust and ensures individuals receive personalized and effective supports." - Asheley BlaiseResources:New York Alliance: WebsiteThe Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation: WebsiteDon't miss out on the valuable insights shared by Asheley Blaise in this episode of DSP Talk. Tune in for engaging discussions on the critical role of DSPs in supporting individuals with disabilities and stay informed about the initiatives of the Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation. Listen to the full episode for more enlightening content and stay connected for future episodes. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Samantha Russell is a dedicated treatment manager at Mount Lake Services in the cornerstone program, where she has been working for the past twelve years. Starting as an aide in the assisted living setting, Samantha transitioned to the cornerstone program to work with individuals with complex needs, especially focusing on those with sexual problematic behaviors or forensic backgrounds. Her passion lies in helping individuals build a new identity and move forward positively in their lives.Episode Summary:In this enlightening episode, Samantha Russell discusses her experience working in the human services field with individuals who have complex needs, including those with forensic backgrounds. She delves into the skills and support required for direct support professionals (DSPs) in such settings, emphasizing the importance of specialized training and a trauma-informed approach. Throughout the conversation, Samantha highlights the rewarding aspects of her job and offers advice to those considering a career in this line of work.Samantha sheds light on the critical role of DSPs in providing clinical support to individuals with complex needs at the cornerstone program, emphasizing the importance of seeing beyond the forensic label and focusing on the unique abilities of each person. She shares practical insights on how DSPs can support individuals in their journey towards a new, positive identity while ensuring their safety and success.Key Takeaways:Individuals with complex needs may require increased clinical supports and specialized training for DSPs to effectively support them.DSPs at the cornerstone program provide more clinical support compared to other programs at Mount Lake Services, focusing on therapeutic and reflective approaches.It is essential for DSPs to adopt a trauma-informed approach and recognize the potential and gifts of individuals with forensic backgrounds.The rewarding aspects of working in this field include empowering individuals to enjoy life and supporting staff in implementing trauma-informed practices.There are diverse opportunities for growth and exploration in the human services field, allowing individuals to find their niche and achieve their career goals.Notable Quotes:"DSPs need to be trained and equipped to support individuals with complex needs, especially those with forensic backgrounds, through specialized training and objective reporting.""It is crucial to have a trauma-informed approach and focus on the individual's journey towards a new identity while ensuring their safety and success.""Empowering individuals to enjoy life and supporting them in their journey towards a positive new identity is incredibly fulfilling as a DSP."Resources:Website: Mountain Lake ServicesWebsite: Cornerstone ProgramDon't miss out on the full episode to gain more insights from Samantha Russell on working with individuals with complex needs and forensic backgrounds. Tune in for engaging discussions and valuable perspectives. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Chester Finn is a strong disability rights advocate with a rich history of advocating for individuals with disabilities. He has been involved with the Office for People with Developmental Disabilities and served as the president of the Self Advocacy Association of New York State from 1995 to 1997. With a passion for standing up for people's rights, Chester has dedicated his career to creating positive change in the disability rights field.Episode Summary:In this engaging conversation, Gina Scarpa interviews Chester Finn, a prominent disability rights advocate, about his journey and work in advocating for individuals with disabilities. Chester shares how he got involved with the Office for People with Developmental Disabilities and emphasizes the importance of listening to those receiving supports and services. He highlights the power of collaboration between direct support professionals (DSPs) and individuals receiving support in advocating for disability rights. Chester's insights shed light on the significance of trust, respect, and understanding in creating an inclusive and supportive environment for people with disabilities.Key Takeaways:Advocacy starts at an early age, with Chester's grandmother instilling in him the values of standing up for what he believes in.Collaboration between DSPs and individuals receiving support is key to effective advocacy and achieving positive change.Trust, respect, and understanding are fundamental in fostering meaningful relationships and advocating for disability rights.People with disabilities have valuable perspectives and insights that should be considered in decision-making processes.Advocating for respect and fair compensation for DSPs is essential in ensuring quality support for individuals with disabilities.Notable Quotes:"You understand and you trust the person, you're able to talk with them." - Chester Finn"When people respect us, they're going to respect you in your job." - Chester Finn "You got to work together, you got to command that respect." – Chester Finn“It's their right. This is how they want things. With rights come responsibilities." - Chester FinnResources:Self Advocacy Association of New York StateThe Office for People with Developmental DisabilitiesDon't miss out on this insightful conversation with Chester Finn as he shares his experiences and insights on advocating for disability rights. Tune in to the full episode for more impactful discussions and stay tuned for future enlightening content from the podcast. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Jane Canale: Jane started her career in the field of speech pathology after graduating with a bachelor's degree. She began as a habilitation specialist and eventually transitioned into human resources, where she played a significant role in developing the HR department at Schenectady Arc. With the recent merge of Schenectady Arc and Liberty Arc, Jane continues to contribute to the growth and development of employees in the organization.Amy Stearns: Amy's journey into the field of direct support professional (DSP) work was a result of caring for her grandfather battling leukemia. Her experience in providing care and support to him sparked a passion for helping individuals live their best lives. Starting as a relief staff at day supports, Amy has progressed to become a residential manager mentor, actively engaged in pursuing certifications and further professional development to enhance her role in supporting individuals.Episode Summary:In this engaging conversation, Gina speaks with Jane and Amy about their experiences in the field of DSP work. Jane shares her journey from a habilitation specialist to HR and highlights the career development opportunities available at Liberty Arc. Amy talks about her transition from a restaurant manager to a DSP and the impact of development programs like the NADSP ebadge Academy on her personal growth and approach to person-centered care.Jane and Amy emphasize the importance of providing growth opportunities for DSPs, enabling them to advance in their roles and prepare for leadership positions. They discuss the transformative effect of these programs on employees' confidence, enthusiasm, and commitment to supporting individuals, ultimately enhancing the quality of care provided.Key Takeaways:Personal growth and professional development opportunities are essential for DSPs to feel challenged, confident in their skills, and motivated to deliver high-quality support services.Liberty Arc offers a range of training programs, including the NADSP ebadge Academy and New York State DOL Apprenticeship program, to help DSPs enhance their skills and pursue career advancement.The culture of continuous learning and development at Liberty Arc fosters a supportive environment where employees can set personal goals, receive training, and progress through various levels of responsibility within the organization.Notable Quotes:"People make choices every day. It's about empowering them to be in control of their lives and supporting them to make informed decisions." - Amy"The NADSP ebadge program opens up a person-centered world for you, peeling back layers and discovering how you can do more." - AmyResources:Liberty Arc websiteNADSP E-Badge AcademyDOL Apprenticeship ProgramRELIAS Learning PlatformDon't miss this insightful conversation with Jane and Amy about the rewarding experiences and growth opportunities in the field of direct support professionals. Tune in to the full episode for more inspiring insights and motivation to pursue a fulfilling career in DSP work. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Joanna Cepin is a dedicated professional with extensive experience in the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities. She started her career working with elderly individuals with intellectual disabilities and has since become an advocate for person-centered planning. With a passion for helping individuals lead fulfilling lives, Joanna has focused on fostering meaningful relationships with the people she supports to empower them to achieve their goals.Episode Summary:In this enlightening episode, Joanna discusses the importance of person-centered planning in therapy and support services for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. She emphasizes the significance of allowing the individual to lead their own planning process, highlighting the benefits of understanding what is important to each person. Through insightful conversations, Joanna explores how a person-centered approach can enhance the quality of care and support provided, ultimately leading to greater independence and fulfillment for the individuals receiving services.Joanna also shares her personal journey in the field and reflects on the rewarding experiences she has had while supporting individuals with diverse needs. She delves into the challenges and joys of using a person-centered approach, advocating for creativity and flexibility in overcoming financial constraints and ensuring that individuals receive tailored support to achieve their goals.Key Takeaways:Person-centered planning involves supporting people to lead their own life planning process.Understanding what is important to each person is crucial in providing effective support and fostering meaningful relationships.Direct support professionals play a vital role in advocating for and supporting individuals in achieving their goals.Person-centered Supports can lead to increased independence, goal attainment, and overall life satisfaction for individuals with disabilities.Notable Quotes:"Knowing what's important to people is crucial in the process."“Even if you don't have adequate funding, you can look for ways to make things happen”. "Person centered planning can take place in small steps and small increments.""What's important to us and what's meaningful to us is the same thing that's important and meaningful to the people that we support.""It's been so rewarding."Resources:SUS - Website The Learning Community for Person Centered Practices: website CQL Personal Outcome Measures CurriculumDon't miss out on the insightful discussion with Joanna on the benefits of person-centered planning in support services. Tune in to the full episode for more valuable insights and stay tuned for upcoming episodes of the podcast/webinar/series. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

TJ Casey: TJ is an accomplished acrylic painter who draws inspiration from his extensive travels. His love for art shines through in his dedication to creating beautiful paintings, some of which have been showcased in international exhibitions like the Swiss Art Expo. TJ's commitment to sharing his artistic journey and connecting with others through his work is truly remarkable.Rebecca Hart: Rebecca is a passionate artist with a background in the human services field. Through her art workshops, she has fostered a sense of community, healing, and creativity among her students. With over 15 years of experience working with individuals with disabilities and the geriatric population, Rebecca brings a unique perspective to the intersection of art and caregiving.Lily Holcombe: Lily is a seasoned artist who discovered her love for art at a young age, eventually pursuing it in college and making it a central part of her career. Her interest in helping others express their creativity led her to work with individuals with disabilities, where she found a perfect blend of her artistic skills and her desire to support and inspire others through art.Episode Summary:Artists TJ, Rebecca, and Lily come together in this engaging episode to discuss the therapeutic power of art and their experiences in the art program at Living Resources. From creating meaningful artwork to supporting each other's creative journeys, the guests share insights into how art can heal, inspire, and bring communities together. Whether it's exploring museums, crafting new projects, or learning from one another, their dedication to art as a medium of expression shines through in this enlightening conversation.In this episode, TJ reflects on his artistic process, including his current project of a large butterfly painting and his past experience showcasing his work at the Swiss Art Expo. Rebecca and Lily highlight the importance of creating a safe space for artistic expression, encouraging students to embrace mistakes and discover their unique creative voice. With a focus on community engagement and personal growth, the discussion delves into the transformative power of art and the joy of connecting with others through creativity.Key Takeaways:Art has the ability to bring communities together, inspire healing, and spark meaningful conversations.Creating art in a supportive environment allows individuals to express themselves without judgment and explore their creativity.Through art, individuals can learn to embrace mistakes, experiment with different techniques, and find solace in the process of creating.The Living Resources art program offers a nurturing space for artists of all abilities to explore their talents, share their work, and connect with like-minded individuals.Notable Quotes:"Art brings community together, brings beauty to the world, and starts a conversation." - Rebecca"Part of the way that we support [the students] is encouraging them to make mistakes here, that it's a safe place.." - Lily"I just like how they get to know me and know others there and get to share with others." - TJ"It's therapeutic because it allows you to be fully present in the work that you're doing." – Rebecca“I love to make art, and I love to make art with other people” - Lily"I just basically like to give it as my inspiration from all my travels." - TJResources:Living Resources - WebsiteLiving Resources Arts Program and Galleries - Art Resources - Arts Program Living Resources Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Marilee Boylan is an occupational therapist with a background in supporting individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). She has extensive experience in job development and coaching, helping individuals with IDD find meaningful employment opportunities. Marilee is passionate about creating job matches that utilize the strengths and skills of individuals with disabilities, and she believes in the transformative power of work in building a vibrant life.Maria Mercado is an employment support specialist at Job Path, an organization that focuses on supporting individuals with disabilities in finding and maintaining employment. Maria is dedicated to helping participants integrate into their jobs and communities, providing them with the necessary accommodations and support to succeed. She is committed to breaking down the stigma surrounding disabilities and advocating for equal opportunities in the workforce.In this episode, Gina Scarpa interviews Marilee Boylan and Maria Mercado about the importance of employment support for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). They discuss the low employment rates for people with IDD and the value of hiring individuals with disabilities. Marilee shares a success story of a past student with autism who found a job that utilized his talents and skills, highlighting the potential and contributions of individuals with disabilities in the workplace. Maria discusses the work of Job Path in supporting individuals with disabilities in finding and maintaining employment, emphasizing the high success rates and the positive impact on participants' lives. They also explore the role of direct support professionals (DSPs) in helping individuals with disabilities find and succeed in their jobs.Key Takeaways:85% of working-age adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities are not employed, mainly due to a lack of opportunity rather than a lack of skill.Success in employment for individuals with disabilities is often a result of repetition, hard work, and being given the opportunity.Direct support professionals (DSPs) play a crucial role in employment support by getting to know the strengths, interests, and skills of individuals with disabilities and finding job matches that utilize their talents.Once someone is placed in a job, employment support continues by providing accommodations, ensuring work requirements are met, fostering positive relationships with coworkers, and supporting career development.The most rewarding part of employment support is seeing participants integrate into their jobs, take pride in their work, and experience personal growth and recognition in the community.Notable Quotes:"Success is from repetition, hard work, and most importantly, from being given the opportunity." - Marilee Boylan "So many times people with IDD have not been given the opportunity to work." - Marilee Boylan "Everyone that can open their heart is able to put something on the table to provide supportive employment to someone." – Maria Mercado“It is so rewarding for me to see the participants identify with their work and feel pride and take initiative to take steps on their own.." - Maria MercadoResources:Job PathEmployAbilityABLE Accounts Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Dan Hermreck is the Director of Certification and Accreditation for the National Alliance for Direct Support Professionals (NADSP). He has a background in math education and initially worked as a teacher before transitioning to adult education. Dan got involved with direct support work by accident when he took on a training coordinator position at a local ARC chapter. He became familiar with NADSP through his connection with a state-level advocacy group and eventually became one of the first mentors for nationally certified direct support professionals. Dan is passionate about recognizing the professional skills of DSPs and advocating for their rights and fair compensation.Episode Summary:In this episode, Gina Scarpa interviews Dan Hermreck, the Director of Certification and Accreditation for the National Alliance for Direct Support Professionals (NADSP). Dan shares his journey into the field of direct support and discusses the importance of recognizing the professional skills of DSPs. He highlights the unique role of DSPs in supporting individuals with disabilities across various aspects of their lives and emphasizes the need for a unique Standard Occupational Code (SoC) to accurately classify and gather data on DSPs. Dan also introduces the NADSP E-Badge Academy, a certification program that recognizes and awards DSPs for their professional skills.Key Takeaways:DSPs are skilled professionals who support individuals with disabilities across all aspects of their lives, including health and wellness, community inclusion, and relationship-building.DSPs wear many hats and perform a variety of tasks that overlap with other caring professions such as home health aides and personal care attendants.The lack of a unique Standard Occupational Code (SoC) for DSPs makes it challenging to gather accurate data on the workforce and advocate for fair wages and resources.The introduction of a unique SoC for DSPs would enable policymakers to make informed decisions and allocate appropriate funding for the field.The NADSP E-Badge Academy offers a competency-based certification process for DSPs, allowing them to earn badges and demonstrate their professional skills over time. Notable Quotes:"Whenever I talk about great things that are happening in a human service provider, I always try to point out that, you know, this is because of your skill. This is not… you are a nice person, don't get me wrong, but you're also a skilled professional, and it's that professional skill that's really coming into play here." - Dan Hermreck "It [direct support profession] really is this kind of multifaceted profession, and that's what makes it unique in my mind."- Dan Hermreck "What I think we never say enough is that they're skilled, that they have really diverse set of professional skills that they're using each and every day."- Dan Hermreck"The lack of a unique SoC for DSPs makes it challenging to gather accurate data on the workforce and advocate for fair wages and resources." - Dan Hermreck"The NADSP E-Badge Academy offers a more manageable and achievable certification process for DSPs, allowing them to earn badges and demonstrate their professional skills over time." - Dan HermreckResources:National Alliance for Direct Support Professionals (NADSP) websiteThe Arc of the United States websiteKansans Mobilizing for Direct Support Workforce Change: Final Report Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Lindsay Anne Murry is a long-time employee of AHRC NYC, with 19 years of experience in the organization. Lindsay has held various positions within AHRC NYC, including assistant manager, human rights committee coordinator, staff trainer, executive assistant, and program manager for special initiatives. Monique Robinson has been with AHCR NYC for a little over a year. She started as a direct support professional, then was promoted to employment community support coordinator. Shortly after Monique was promoted to community support supervisor. Dayvina Robinson heard about AHRC NYC through a friend. She started her career at AHRC right before the pandemic. Dayvina is passionate about learning and applying her love for psychology when working with the people she supports as a community support professional. Scott Diaz started as an intern at AHRC NYC. Advocacy work runs in his family, so he gravitated towards work that supported others. He started his career at AHRC in 2017 working in a day habilitation setting, but during the pandemic transitioned to residential. Since participating in the NADSP E-Badge Academy, he's had the opportunity to network, build relationships with peers, and grow in his profession.Episode Summary:In this episode of DSP Talk, host Gina Scarpa interviews four employees, Lindsay, Monique, Scott, and Dayvina, from AHRC NYC, who have taken advantage of the career pathway opportunities offered by the organization. Lindsay provides an overview of AHRC NYC and the services it provides for individuals and families with intellectual and developmental disabilities. She also discusses the various career development opportunities available to the direct support workforce, including trainings, certifications, and leadership programs. Monique, Scott, and Dayvina share their personal experiences and the impact these opportunities have had on their careers. They discuss the challenges they have faced, such as managing time and implementing new practices, as well as the rewards of supporting the people receiving services and making a positive impact in their lives.Key Takeaways:AHRC NYC offers a wide range of career development opportunities for the direct support workforce, including trainings, certifications, and leadership programs.The NADSP E-Badge Academy is highly recommended for DSPs as it provides valuable knowledge and skills for supporting individuals with disabilities.Time management can be a challenge for DSPs, but the benefits of career development and networking outweigh the difficulties.The most rewarding part of the job is the opportunity to support and make a difference in the lives of the people receiving services. Notable Quotes:"The most rewarding part of it is really the people that I support. They are just some of the most genuine people I've ever met in my life." – Dayvina Robinson“I was always asking for other ways to learn and develop my career and network. So, I was super proactive in trying to find these opportunities.” – Lindsay Anne Murry“You're gonna have to want to do this, you're going to want to be someone that is an ally…the passion shines.” – Scott Diaz“It [NADSP E-Badge Academy] teaches you so much. A lot of stuff that you thought, you know, and you really don't know.” – Monique RobinsonResources:AHRC NYC website: hrcnyc.orgNADSP E-Badge Academy: https://ebadge.nadsp.org/Listen to the full episode of DSP Talk to learn more about AHRC NYC's career pathway opportunities and the experiences of staff members in the Direct Support Profession. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

BJ Stasio is an advocate and activist based in Buffalo, New York. He is passionate about advocating for disability rights and improving the lives of individuals with disabilities. BJ relies on personal care attendants and self-direction support staff to support him in his daily activities and advocacy work. He is dedicated to giving back to the community and believes in the power of storytelling to create positive change.Episode Summary:In this episode of DSP Talk, host Gina Scarpa interviews BJ Stasio, an advocate and activist who receives support from a provider organization in Buffalo, New York. BJ shares his interests, such as football and taking naps, and discusses the supports he relies on to live the life he wants. He highlights the importance of having dedicated direct support professionals (DSPs) who understand his advocacy work and respect his autonomy. BJ also emphasizes the need for better wages and recognition for DSPs in the caring field. Throughout the conversation, BJ's passion for advocacy and his appreciation for the DSPs in his life shine through.Key Takeaways:BJ Stasio relies on personal care attendants and self-direction support staff to support him in his daily activities and advocacy work.A great DSP is someone who understands the importance of advocacy, supports the individual's goals, and encourages self-care.DSPs should not speak for an individual but rather provide support in the background, allowing the individual to advocate for themselves.Wages and labor classification for DSPs are important issues that need to be addressed to recognize their value and contribution to the caring field.Advocates should tell their stories and work together to create positive change for individuals with disabilities.Notable Quotes:"One thing that is important for [you] to say now is, thank you for what you do for me. It's important to know [they/DSPs] are valued.” - BJ Stasio"[My DSPs] are dedicated to my mission of advocating for others, but at the same time, helping me realize that I need to take care of myself, too, because self-care is important." - BJ Stasio“I always believe it's important to give back because of all those people who have helped me have the life that I want” - BJ Stasio"Important issues that are on the table, of course, are the wages and the labor classification that DSP should have with the federal government to be recognized as a part of the caring field." - BJ Stasio"The future for me is limitless… Tell your story, because it does matter." - BJ StasioResources:SANYS: Self-Advocacy Association of New York State - SANYS: Self-Advocacy Association of NYSThe Office for People with Developmental Disabilities Self-Direction - Self-Direction | Office for People With Developmental Disabilities (ny.gov)The Regional Center for Workforce Transformation - Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation | Code of Ethics & Core Competencies for Direct Support ProfessionalsTo listen to the full episode and gain more insights from BJ Stasio's advocacy journey and the importance of DSPs in his life, tune in to the DSP Talk podcast. Stay tuned for more inspiring stories and discussions on disability support. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Ed Bartz is a 61-year-old man living successfully with cerebral palsy. He has strived to live independently and has been a strong advocate for self-direction programs. Ed uses an augmentative communication device to convey his thoughts and feelings, and he is known for his social nature and sense of humor. He hires direct support professionals (DSPs) to assist him with personal care and live the quality of life he desires.Wilson Pickett has been a DSP for over 0 years. He started his career working with individuals with autism and later transitioned to working with individuals with more complex needs. Wilson has been supporting Ed Bartz for 14 years and has developed a strong bond with him. He values the individualized support he can provide through self-direction and finds fulfillment in helping individuals live their lives to the fullest.In this episode of DSP Talk, host Gina Scarpa interviews Ed Bartz, a man living with cerebral palsy, and his DSP, Wilson Pickett. Ed shares his journey of striving for independence and the challenges he faced in finding support that aligned with his vision. He emphasizes the importance of self-direction programs and the role of DSPs in helping him live the quality of life he desires. Wilson, who has been supporting Ed for 14 years, discusses his experience in the field and the unique bond he has formed with Ed through self-direction. The episode highlights the importance of compassion and the desire to help others in becoming a DSP. Ed Bartz has successfully lived with cerebral palsy and has strived for independence.Self-direction programs have allowed Ed to choose his own support and live the life he desires.Direct support professionals (DSPs) play a crucial role in helping individuals with disabilities live fulfilling lives.Direct support professionals (DSPs) sometimes get to do things out of the ordinary.Becoming a DSP requires compassion and a genuine desire to help others.Notable Quotes: "My disability has made me the person I am." - Ed Bartz "Being able to laugh and joke is important, at least in my opinion." - Ed Bartz “My history in striving to live on my own took many twists and turns. Not only the physical but getting others to believe in my vision.” – Ed Bartz “Through the years we've [Ed and I] learned each other.” – Wilson Pickett "Just helping a person live their life and do what they need to do, that's what I would think you need first." - Wilson PickettResources:Augmentative Communication Devices & Other Assistive Technology - Assistive Technology, Environmental Modifications, and Vehicle Modifications | Office for People With Developmental Disabilities (ny.gov)The ARC of Rensselaer County - The Arc of Rensselaer County - The Arc of Rensselaer County (renarc.org)The Regional Center for Workforce Transformation - Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation | Code of Ethics & Core Competencies for Direct Support ProfessionalsThe Office for People with Developmental Disabilities Self-Direction - Self-Direction | Office for People With Developmental Disabilities (ny.gov)Listen to the full episode of DSP Talk to gain insight into the experiences of Ed Bartz, a man living with cerebral palsy, and his dedicated DSP, Wilson Pickett. Stay tuned for more inspiring stories and valuable discussions on the Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Valerie Largent is a Direct Support Professional (DSP) and Team Leader from the ARC of Monroe County. With over 12 years of experience in the field, Valerie is dedicated to assisting individuals with intellectual and physical disabilities in obtaining the necessary skills to obtain employment. She is passionate about empowering individuals, promoting inclusion in the community, and integrating people with diverse abilities into workplaces. In this episode of DSP Talk, host Gina Scarpa interviews Valerie Largent, a DSP and Team Leader from the ARC of Monroe County. Valerie shares her journey into the field of disability support, discussing how she transitioned from viewing her work as a job to a fulfilling career. She emphasizes the importance of recognizing the abilities and potential of individuals with disabilities, rather than focusing solely on their limitations. Valerie highlights the impact of high turnover rates on the individuals receiving support and sees the benefits of having a diverse workforce that can enrich the lives of those receiving services.Key Takeaways:Valerie Largent's journey from viewing her work as a job to a fulfilling career in disability support. The importance of recognizing the abilities and potential of individuals with disabilities.Building trusting and collaborative relationships with the people being supported.The impact of high turnover rates on individuals with disabilities and the need for consistent support.The qualities of a great DSP, including compassion, flexibility, and dedication.Notable Quotes: "A lot of times, people believe that when you see a person with a disability, you're only focused on what they can't do, not realizing all the amazing things that they can do." - Valerie Largent"It's remembering that you're there to assist them and not to do it for them." - Valerie Largent "If you have the compassion and the drive to give people the best lives that they can have, if you believe that every person deserves a fair chance, then this is the field for you." - Valerie LargentResources:The ARC of Monroe - The Arc of Monroe | Supporting Those with Intellectual and other Developmental Disabilities (arcmonroe.org)The Regional Center for Workforce Transformation - Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation | Code of Ethics & Core Competencies for Direct Support ProfessionalsTo listen to the full episode and gain more insight into Valerie Largent's experiences as a DSP and Team Leader, tune in to the DSP Talk podcast. Stay tuned for more inspiring stories and valuable perspectives in the world of disability supports. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Danielle Neff is a Senior Direct Support Professional (DSP) at a provider organization in Long Island, New York. Danielle supports individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. She is passionate about helping these individuals achieve their goals and live independent lives. Danielle's career in the field of disability support started as just a job, but it quickly became her calling. She finds purpose and fulfillment in her work, and considers the individuals she supports as part of her extended family.In this episode of DSP Talk, host Gina Scarpa interviews Danielle Neff, a Senior Direct Support Professional (DSP) from Long Island, New York. Danielle shares her journey into the field of disability support and how it has become more than just a job for her. She discusses the importance of supporting individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities in achieving their goals and living independent lives. Danielle emphasizes the strong relationships she has developed with the people she supports, considering them as part of her family. She also highlights the qualities that make a successful DSP and offers advice to those considering a career in this field.Key Takeaways:Supporting individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities is more than just a job; it is a fulfilling career that gives purpose and meaning to DSPs.The individuals supported by DSPs are like family, and strong relationships are formed based on empathy, care, and mutual respect.Successful DSPs are empathetic, caring, observant, and hardworking individuals who genuinely care about the well-being and goals of the people they support.Taking a chance and entering the field of disability support can lead to a rewarding career that makes a difference in the lives of others.Notable Quotes:"I feel like I have my family that I have now and that I grew up with and everything, and then I have my work family. And the individuals we support are all a part of my family." - Danielle Neff"The people we support…each and every one of them are just so different and have these amazing personalities and abilities and talents. And that's really why the work matters, because it's really just all about them." - Danielle Neff"It's the one job that I actually didn't feel miserable in. I enjoyed doing it. I felt like it mattered, and I felt like it was making a difference." - Danielle NeffResources:East End Disability Associates, Inc. Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation Listen to the full episode of DSP Talk to gain valuable insights into the field of disability support and the rewarding career of a DSP. Discover how Danielle Neff found purpose and fulfillment in supporting individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, and learn about the qualities that make a successful DSP. Stay tuned for more inspiring conversations on DSP Talk. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Peter Leonard is the father of Kevin Leonard, who receives support and services from New Horizons Resources, a provider organization in Hudson Valley, New York. He appreciates the direct support professionals who have made a positive impact on Kevin's life and continue to help him blossom.In this episode of DSP Talk, host Gina Scarpa interviews Peter Leonard, the father of a son with developmental disabilities. Peter shares his experiences with the support his son receives from New Horizons Resources and the direct support professionals who work with him. He emphasizes the importance of direct support professionals in helping individuals with disabilities thrive and become active members of their communities. Through personal stories, Peter highlights the positive impact these professionals have had on his son's growth and independence.Key themes discussed in the episode include the significance of direct support professionals in providing meaningful support, the importance of creating a sense of belonging and community for individuals with disabilities, and the transformative effect of person-centered care.Key Takeaways:Direct support professionals play a crucial role in the lives of individuals with disabilities, providing meaningful support and helping them thrive.The support of direct support professionals can help individuals with disabilities develop a sense of independence and identity.Direct support professionals create opportunities for individuals with disabilities to be active members of their communities.The work of direct support professionals is rooted in values of equality, dignity, and respect for the individual.Notable Quotes:“People who work with my son, every single one of them, over a 12 or 13 year period, everyone has been extraordinary and really made a difference for the good in his life.” - Peter Leonard“I think what direct support professionals do at their best is they provided the circumstances for [Kevin] to take place within his community.” - Peter LeonardResources:New Horizons ResourcesListen to the full episode of DSP Talk to hear Peter Leonard's inspiring story and learn more about the impact of direct support professionals in the lives of individuals with disabilities. Stay tuned for more enlightening content from DSP Talk. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Joseph Macbeth is the President and CEO for the National Alliance for Direct Support Professionals (NADSP). He has been working in the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities since 1983. Macbeth is recognized as an international leader in the advocacy movement to recognize direct support work as a profession. In 2022, he was awarded the Service to the Field Award from the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. President Biden appointed him to a two-year term as a member of the President's Committee for People with Intellectual Disabilities.In this episode of DSP Talk, host Gina Scarpa interviews Joseph Macbeth, the President and CEO of the National Alliance for Direct Support Professionals (NADSP). Macbeth shares his insights on the origins of direct support work, the shift from institutional care to community-based support, and the evolving role of direct support professionals (DSPs) in people's lives. He emphasizes the importance of DSPs in helping individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities live fulfilling lives and become valued members of their communities. Macbeth also discusses the need for recognition of DSPs as professionals and the challenges they face, including low wages and inadequate training. He highlights the opportunity presented by the COVID-19 pandemic to advocate for better support and career opportunities for DSPs.Key Takeaways:Direct support professionals (DSPs) assist people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in realizing their full potential and becoming valued members of their communities.The origins of direct support work can be traced back to the closure of large public institutions in the 1970s, which led to the opening of group homes and community-based support.DSPs play a crucial role in supporting individuals with disabilities in various settings, including residential, day programs, employment, and self-directed services.The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the essential nature of DSPs and the need for better recognition, wages, training, and career opportunities in the field.Advocacy efforts are underway to secure professional identity for DSPs through standardized occupational classification and to improve the overall perception and compensation for the profession.Notable Quotes:"Being a direct support professional was the most challenging job I have ever had. It was the most energizing job I ever had." - Joseph Macbeth"Direct support professionals are ultimately seen as ambassadors or mentors or coaches to the people that they support, walking side by side on their own life's journey." - Joseph Macbeth"Our job is to get out of the way, help people build those relationships, help people contribute to their communities, and then fade away and be there if you need us." - Joseph MacbethResources:National Alliance for Direct Support Professionals (NADSP) Thank you for listening to this episode of DSP Talk. To gain more insights into the world of direct support professionals and disability support, be sure to listen to the full episode. Stay tuned for more inspiring content from DSP Talk. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Welcome to DSP Talk, the podcast that's exploring the complex world of disability support.Join us as we speak to direct support professionals, people receiving services and support, family members, and other field experts, as they delve into the diverse and dynamic world of disability support, navigating the challenges, sharing uplifting stories, and shedding light on the impactful human experience within the direct support profession.Our episodes highlight the journey towards community inclusion, the significance of a competent workforce, and the vital role direct support professionals play in the lives of those living with intellectual and developmental disabilities.Whether you're a dedicated direct support professional, a recipient of support services, or just someone eager to make a difference, DSP Talk is your go-to platform for inspiration, enlightenment, and advocacy.Get ready to challenge stereotypes, broaden your perspective, and join the movement towards acknowledging this essential group of professionals.Welcome to DSP Talk! Regional Centers for Workforce Transformation | Code of Ethics & Core Competencies for Direct Support ProfessionalsBrought to you by: The Office for People with Developmental Disabilities and the New York Alliance for Inclusion and Innovation Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.