Podcasts about laibson

מחקר ע-נ-ק שהתפרסם לאחרונה בכתב העת Nature בדק מה יגרום לנו להתמיד בתוכנית כושר. במחקר, שהשתתפו בו 61,293 (!) מתאמנים, בחנו קייטי מילקמן ואנג'לה דקוורט מאוניברסיטת וורטון (עם 28 חוקרים נוספים) 54 תוכניות אימונים שמטרתן לעודד את המנויים להגיע לחדר הכושר. התוכניות שנחקרו כללו התערבויות שונות: תמריצים כלכליים, תזכורות, תכנון לוח זמנים, פרסום ברשתות חברתיות, חתימה על אמנה ועוד. בפרק שוחחנו על:מה זה מגה-מחקר ולמה זאת פריצת דרך? (בכל זאת, המחקר התפרסם ב Nature).מהו הממצא הכי מעניין שהתגלה בניסוי? (רמז: זה קשור לתמריץ בעיתוי לא צפוי)מחקרים נוספים של קייטי מילקמן הקשורים במוטיבציה ושינוי התנהגות (שימו לב, מדובר במטאור בתחום)~~~

Our guest on the podcast is Dr. Brigitte Madrian, a leading light in the field of behavioral economics. She is the dean and Marriott Distinguished Professor in the Brigham Young University Marriott School of Business. Dr. Madrian has a joint appointment in the Department of Finance and the George W. Romney Institute of Public Service and Ethics.Household savings and investment behavior have been key focuses of her research, and her work in these areas has influenced the design of 401(k) plans and pension reform legislation. She also uses the lens of behavioral economics to understand health behaviors and improve health outcomes. BackgroundBrigitte Madrian bio and research archiveEmergency Funds/Decision-Making Under Financial DuressIntertemporal choiceBeshears, J., Choi, J.J., Iwry, J.M., John, D.C., Laibson, D., & Madrian, B.C. 2020. “Building Emergency Savings Through Employer-Sponsored Rainy Day Accounts.” Tax Policy and the Economy, Vol. 34, National Bureau of Economic Research. Benartzi, S. 2020. “People Don’t Save Enough for Emergencies, but There Are Ways to Fix That.” The Wall Street Journal, Feb. 17, 2020. Harvey, C.S. 2019. “Unlocking the Potential of Emergency Savings Accounts.” AARP Public Policy Institute, October. Tergesen, A. 2019. “Employers Help Workers Build Household-Emergency Funds.” The Wall Street Journal, June 13, 2019. Pension Rights Center. 2019. “How Many Workers Participate in Workplace Retirement Plans?” July 15, 2019. Eisenberg, R. 2017. "R.I.P. myRA Retirement Account, Gone Too Soon." Forbes.com. July 28, 2017. Mental accounting Retirement SavingsBenz, C., & Levine, J. 2020. “What Does the CARES Act Mean for Retirement Accounts?” Morningstar.com. April 3, 2020. Madrian, B.C., & Shea, D.F. 2000.“The Power of Suggestion: Inertia in 401(k) Participation and Savings Behavior.” The National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2000. Finke, M. 2015. “Brigitte Madrian’s Power of Suggestion--and How It Improved Retirement.” ThinkAdvisor, Aug. 31, 2015. Madrian, B.C. 2014. “That Was Easy: The Importance of Auto Features in Promoting Retirement Savings.” AARP Public Policy Institute, October 2014. Rosenberger, J. 2019. “The Woman Behind the Way You Save for Retirement.” Guideline blog, April 4, 2019. Choi, J.J., Laibson, D., & Madrian, B.C. 2007. “$100 Bills on the Sidewalk: Suboptimal Investment in 401(k) Plans.” The National Bureau on Economic Research, December 2007. Choi, J.J., Laibson, D., & Madrian, B.C. 2007. “Mental Accounting in Portfolio Choice: Evidence from a Flypaper Effect.” The National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2007. Choi, J.J., Laibson, D., & Madrian, B.C. 2001. “For Better or For Worse: Default Effects and 401(k) Savings Behavior.” The National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2001. Carroll, G.D., Choi, J.J., Laibson, D., Madrian, B.C., & Metrick A. 2005. “Optimal Defaults and Active Decisions.” The National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2005.Beshears, J., Choi, J.J., Laibson, D., Madrian, B.C., & Skimmyhorn, W.L. 2016. “Does Borrowing Undo Automatic Enrollment’s Effect on Savings?” The National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2016.

Learn about a research-backed way to achieve better self control by asking for help from others; how Ambystoma salamanders “steal” DNA from other species via kleptogenesis; and how your brain can process visual information as sound. For better self control, ask for support from others by Kelsey Donk Juan Pablo Bermúdez. (2020, January 15). Self-Reliance Isn’t a Superpower, It’s a Vice. Medium; Elemental. https://elemental.medium.com/self-reliance-isnt-a-superpower-it-s-a-vice-976508e18774  Duckworth, A. L., Milkman, K. L., & Laibson, D. (2018). Beyond Willpower: Strategies for Reducing Failures of Self-Control. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 19(3), 102–129. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100618821893  Kleptogenesis is evolution's weirdest breeding technique by Cameron Duke Feltman, R. (2017, June 14). How a female-only line of salamanders “steals” genes from unsuspecting males. Popular Science; Popular Science. https://www.popsci.com/female-salamander-kleptogenesis/  Unisexual salamanders (genus Ambystoma) present a new reproductive mode for eukaryotes - Genome. (2020). Genome. https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/G06-152#.Xk2rBpNKhhE  Bi, K., & Bogart, J. P. (2006). Identification of intergenomic recombinations in unisexual salamanders of the genus Ambystoma by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 112(3–4), 307–312. https://doi.org/10.1159/000089885  Parthenogenesis - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics. (2019). Sciencedirect.Com. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/parthenogenesis  Ambystoma barbouri (Streamside Salamander). (2017). Animal Diversity Web. https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ambystoma_barbouri/  Lip reading without sound lights up your auditory cortex, and scientists now know why by Grant Currin Hearing through lip-reading. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-01/sfn-htl010220.php  What is Magnetoencephalography (MEG)? | Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences (I-LABS). (2012). Washington.edu. http://ilabs.washington.edu/what-magnetoencephalography-meg  Bourguignon, M., Baart, M., Kapnoula, E. C., & Molinaro, N. (2019). Lip-Reading Enables the Brain to Synthesize Auditory Features of Unknown Silent Speech. The Journal of Neuroscience, 40(5), 1053–1065. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1101-19.2019  Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

 ¡Gracias por escuchar! La Economía del Comportamiento es un campo que estudia el comportamiento irracional de los seres humanos cuando se trata de tomar una decisión o seguir un consejo. En este y en el siguiente episodio repaso como estas herramientas pueden usarse para beneficio de la relación médico paciente en el campo de la Reumatología.Les pido amablemente dejen sus comentarios y sugerencias en www.tukua.podbean.com, en iTunes o a través de su gestor de podcasts favorito.Algunas referencias:Patel, M. S. et al. Framing financial incentives to increase physical activity among overweight and obese adults: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 164, 385–394 (2016).Schneider, T. R. et al. The effects of message framing and ethnic targeting on mammography use among low-income women. Health Psychol. 20, 256–266 (2001)Lipstein, E. A. et al. High levels of decisional conflict and decision regret when making decisions about biologics. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 63, e176–e181 (2016)Bickel, W. K., Johnson, M. W., Koffarnus, M. N., MacKillop, J. & Murphy, J. G. The behavioral economics of substance use disorders: reinforcement pathologies and their repair. Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol. 10, 641–677 (2014).Halpern, S. D. et al. Randomized trial of four financial-incentive programs for smoking cessation. N. Engl. J. Med. 372, 2108–2117 (2015).Halpern, S. D. et al. A pragmatic trial of E-cigarettes, incentives, and drugs for smoking cessation. N. Engl. J. Med. 378, 2302–2310 (2018).Volpp, K. G. et al. Financial incentive-based approaches for weight loss: a randomized trial. JAMA 300, 2631–2637 (2008).Thorgeirsson, T. & Kawachi, I. Behavioral economics: merging psychology and economics for lifestyle interventions. Am. J. Prev. Med. 44, 185–189 (2013)Patel, M. S. et al. Using wearable devices and smartphones to track physical activity: initial activation, sustained use, and step counts across sociodemographic characteristics in a national sample. Ann. Intern. Med. 167, 755–757 (2017)Checchi, K. D., Huybrechts, K. F., Avorn, J. & Kesselheim, A. S. Electronic medication packaging devices and medication adherence: a systematic review. JAMA 312, 1237–1247 (2014).Milkman, K. L., Beshears, J., Choi, J. J., Laibson, D.& Madrian, B. C. Using implementation intentions prompts to enhance influenza vaccination rates.Halpern, S. D., Ubel, P. A. & Asch, D. A. Harnessing the power of default options to improve health care. N. Engl. J. Med. 357, 1340–1344 (2007).

In this episode, we chat with Kevin Laibson, a true renaissance man in the theater and comedy world. Kevin has done it all: improv, directing, producing, teaching, and was even the Artistic Director at the People's Improv Theater. You can check out Kevin's website here: http://kevinlaibson.com/ Kevin's show, XPlus1 here: https://xplusonetheshow.com/ and Alive in Plastic Land here: https://medium.com/alive-in-plasticland Also, check out his band, Easily Amused, on Spotify and GooglePlay!

Spätestens seit Aristoteles gehören Fragen des Charakters und der Moral zu den Grundlagen der Ethik. Die Psychologie, und hier vor allem die Entwicklungspsychologie, interessiert sich für die emotionale, moralische und soziale Entwicklung bei Kindern und untersucht die Entstehung von Altruismus, Empathie und prosozialem Verhalten. Und auch in der Volkswirtschaftslehre spielt die Motivation von Entscheidungen traditionell eine große Rolle, deren Durchdringung es erlaubt, das Menschenbild hinter ökonomischen Modellen besser zu verstehen. Für die Rechtswissenschaft sind moralphilosophische Fragen insofern von Bedeutung, als sie die Grundlage für die Bindungs- und Geltungskraft von Gesetzen bilden. In diesem Schwerpunkt adressieren neben der Philosophie Wissenschaftler aus so unterschiedlichen Disziplinen wie der Psychologie, Ökonomie, Politikwissenschaft und der Rechtswissenschaft moralphilosophische Fragen. | David Laibson ist Robert I. Goldman Professor of Economics an der Harvard University.

Spätestens seit Aristoteles gehören Fragen des Charakters und der Moral zu den Grundlagen der Ethik. Die Psychologie, und hier vor allem die Entwicklungspsychologie, interessiert sich für die emotionale, moralische und soziale Entwicklung bei Kindern und untersucht die Entstehung von Altruismus, Empathie und prosozialem Verhalten. Und auch in der Volkswirtschaftslehre spielt die Motivation von Entscheidungen traditionell eine große Rolle, deren Durchdringung es erlaubt, das Menschenbild hinter ökonomischen Modellen besser zu verstehen. Für die Rechtswissenschaft sind moralphilosophische Fragen insofern von Bedeutung, als sie die Grundlage für die Bindungs- und Geltungskraft von Gesetzen bilden. In diesem Schwerpunkt adressieren neben der Philosophie Wissenschaftler aus so unterschiedlichen Disziplinen wie der Psychologie, Ökonomie, Politikwissenschaft und der Rechtswissenschaft moralphilosophische Fragen. | David Laibson ist Robert I. Goldman Professor of Economics an der Harvard University.

Garett Jones returns to the podcast to discuss the issue of ethnic diversity. There is a wide body of research showing that ethnic diversity can reduce the productivity of teams, firms, and even whole countries. Williams and O'Reilly (1996) review dozens of studies showing that ethnic diversity has a negative impact on group performance. In the two decades since, more research has reinforced that result. Alesina and La Ferrara (2005) find that increasing ethnic diversity from 0 (only one ethnic group) to 1 (each individual is a different ethnicity) would reduce a country's annual growth by 2 percent. Multiple studies (La Porta et al., 1999; Alesina et al., 2003; Habyarimana et al., 2007) have shown that ethnic diversity negatively affects public good provision. Stazyk et al. (2012) find that ethnic diversity reduces job satisfaction among government workers. Parrotta et al. (2014a) find that ethnic diversity is significantly and negatively correlated with firm productivity. This may seem strange to you. If you're like me, you probably enjoy diversity. You probably don't observe the problems of low morale and high marginal costs that researchers have found in ethnically diverse workplaces. If that's the case then you, like me, live in a bubble. An apparent exception to the rule that ethnic diversity lowers productivity comes in high-human-capital groups. I say "apparent" because there hasn't been much in the way of direct study of this particular issue. However, some results are suggestive. For instance, the same researchers who found that ethnic diversity reduces firm productivity in general found that it increases firms' level of innovation as measured by patents (Parrotta et al., 2014b). Most of the people I know fall into this category of highly skilled, highly educated individuals, so it shouldn't be surprising that my experience (and maybe yours) is not the norm. Given that diversity is so costly for organizations, there is a huge industry dedicated to diversity training to mitigate these effects. However, a recent issue of the Harvard Business Review argues that diversity training seems to be a general failure. To the extent that diversity is a plus for firm profitability, firms will tend to seize this opportunity without the need for legal intervention. And indeed, there are some types of diversity that seem to have positive impacts on firm profit. For instance, a recent study by Alesina, Harnoss, and Rapoport (2016) indicates that birthplace diversity improves productivity. This is different from (and in this sample, uncorrelated with) ethnic diversity. People might all share the same ethnicity, but the evidence indicates that if they come from different places they tend to have complimentary skills that make them better at working together. As Garett points out, this is roughly the plot of every movie and TV show ever made by Joss Whedon. The causes of all these effects have been studied by experimental economists. (For an overview of the history of experimental economics, listen to my interview with Erik Kimbrough.) One way to test this is to look at how ethnically diverse groups play various games. In a study looking at the different ethnicities in Israel, Fershtman and Gneezy (2001) found that people did not discriminate against Sephardic Jews in the dictator game but they did discriminate in the trust game, indicating that discrimination was driven by a (mistaken) lack of trust in the minority ethnicity. Surprisingly, even members of the minority tended to discriminate in this way. Glaeser et al. (2000) found that pairs are less trustworthy when they have different ethnicities or nationalities. The really shocking thing about this is that this study was performed on Harvard undergraduates, who we might think of as the people least likely to discriminate in this way. Easterly, Ritzen, and Woolcock (2006) show that ethnolinguistic fractionalization has a negative impact on the rule of law: The basic story that Easterly, Ritzen, and Woolcock tell is that ethnic conflict makes it difficult to achieve a consensus on how the government should be run, thus leading to worse government. Works Cited Alesina, A., Devleeschauwer, A., Easterly, W., Kurlat, S., & Wacziarg, R. (2003). Fractionalization. Journal of Economic growth, 8(2), 155-194. Alesina, A., & Ferrara, E. L. (2005). Ethnic diversity and economic performance. Journal of economic literature, 43(3), 762-800. Alesina, A., Harnoss, J., & Rapoport, H. (2016). Birthplace diversity and economic prosperity. Journal of Economic Growth, 21(2), 101-138. Easterly, W., Ritzen, J., & Woolcock, M. (2006). Social cohesion, institutions, and growth. Economics & Politics, 18(2), 103-120. Fershtman, C., & Gneezy, U. (2001). Discrimination in a segmented society: An experimental approach. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 351-377. Glaeser, E. L., Laibson, D. I., Scheinkman, J. A., & Soutter, C. L. (2000). Measuring trust. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 811-846. Habyarimana, J., Humphreys, M., Posner, D. N., & Weinstein, J. M. (2007). Why does ethnic diversity undermine public goods provision?. American Political Science Review, 101(04), 709-725. La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (1999). The quality of government. Journal of Law, Economics, and organization, 15(1), 222-279. Parrotta, P., Pozzoli, D., & Pytlikova, M. (2014a). Labor diversity and firm productivity. European Economic Review, 66, 144-179. Parrotta, P., Pozzoli, D., & Pytlikova, M. (2014b). The nexus between labor diversity and firm’s innovation. Journal of Population Economics, 27(2), 303-364. Stazyk, E. C., Davis, R., & Liang, J. (2012). Examining the Links between Workforce Diversity, Organizational Goal Clarity, and Job Satisfaction. In APSA 2012 Annual Meeting Paper. Williams, K. Y., & O’Reilly III, C. A. (1998). A review of 40 years of research. Res Organ Behav, 20, 77-140. Other Links: Pseudoerasmus on Hive Mind. Sam Bowman on Brexit. Tyler Cowen on backlash against immigration. Slate on the original "welfare queen." A smart solution to the diversity dilemma.

Kevin Laibson (@KevinLaibson) stops by to talk hidden connections to Heather Matarazzo, riding the Osh Kosh B'Josh, "sorry" pizza, and THE PRINCESS DIARIES.

This episode we sit down with Kevin Laibson, the Artistic Director of the People's Improv Theater! Brought to you by Audible (http://www.audible.com/)and Sage Music (www.sagemusic.co)http://www.improvnoise.com Sound Engineer: Jesse VandenBerghMusic by Alex KulaArtwork by Jesse VandenBergh "I Do Improv" by Hard Left Productions

David Laibson's Fathauer Lecture in Political Economy was presented on December 7, 2009. David Laibson is a Harvard College Professor and the Robert I. Goldman Professor of Economics at Harvard University. Laibson is also a member of the National Bureau of Economic Research, where he is Research Associate in the Asset Pricing, Economic Fluctuations, and Aging Working Groups. Laibson serves on numerous editorial boards, as well as the boards of the Health and Retirement Survey and the Pension Research Council. He is a recipient of a Marshall Scholarship and grants from the National Science Foundation, the MacArthur Foundation, the National Institute on Aging, the Sloan Foundation, the Social Security Administration, and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). Laibson co-organizes the Russell Sage Foundation’s Summer School in Behavioral Economics. He has received the PBK Prize for Excellence in Teaching. Laibson’s research focuses on the topic of psychology and economics and his work is frequently discussed in The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Financial Times, the Economist, Business Week, Forbes, Fortune, Money, Wired Magazine, the New Yorker, and on the PBS program Wealthtrack. In 2005, Fortune named Laibson one of ten people to watch. In 2008, Wired Magazine included Laibson on the “2008 Smart List: 15 People the Next President Should Listen To.” In 2006 Laibson served as an external reviewer for the Department of Labor regulations that implement the Pension Protection Act. Laibson holds degrees from Harvard University (BA in Economics, summa cum laude), the London School of Economic (MSc in Econometrics and Mathematical Economics), and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Ph.D. in Economics).