Podcasts about modern management

In this insightful episode, Gary Hamel discusses the foundational ideas behind his book, 'The Future of Management.' Delving into the historical context and evolution of management principles, Hamel explores how long-standing conventions, established by early 20th-century theorists like Frederick Winslow Taylor and Max Weber, continue to shape modern companies. He underscores the need for a radical rethink in organizational management to address contemporary challenges such as innovation, strategic renewal, and employee engagement. Drawing parallels from history, Hamel illustrates how groundbreaking management innovations in companies like Whole Foods, WL Gore, and Nucor have driven exceptional performance. He emphasizes the importance of creating human-centric workplaces that inspire and motivate employees, advocating for a shift away from bureaucratic, control-driven models towards environments rooted in purpose, community, and mutual respect. Join us for part one of this engaging conversation with one of management's leading thinkers.   00:00 Introduction to the Future of Management 02:01 The Origins of Modern Management 04:17 The Evolution of Management Innovation 08:49 Military Analogies in Management 12:34 The Layers of Innovation 22:20 Historical Management Innovations 29:56 The Industrial Revolution and Management 36:48 The Overlooked Innovation: Management 37:20 Taylor's Influence on Productivity 38:00 Ford's System and Its Limitations 39:04 Bureaucracy: A Double-Edged Sword 41:32 Adapting to the Knowledge Economy 43:16 The Role of Computational Power and Connectivity 45:50 The Need for Organizational Innovation 53:34 Case Studies: Whole Foods and Gore 01:01:54 Building Human-Centric Organizations 01:05:03 Concluding Thoughts on Leadership and Innovation

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/RFR865. CME credit will be available until March 27, 2026.Adopting Modern Management Strategies for Obesity: Treating the Patient, Not the Disease In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis activity is supported by an educational grant from Lilly.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/RFR865. CME credit will be available until March 27, 2026.Adopting Modern Management Strategies for Obesity: Treating the Patient, Not the Disease In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis activity is supported by an educational grant from Lilly.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/RFR865. CME credit will be available until March 27, 2026.Adopting Modern Management Strategies for Obesity: Treating the Patient, Not the Disease In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis activity is supported by an educational grant from Lilly.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/RFR865. CME credit will be available until March 27, 2026.Adopting Modern Management Strategies for Obesity: Treating the Patient, Not the Disease In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis activity is supported by an educational grant from Lilly.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/RFR865. CME credit will be available until March 27, 2026.Adopting Modern Management Strategies for Obesity: Treating the Patient, Not the Disease In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis activity is supported by an educational grant from Lilly.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/RFR865. CME credit will be available until March 27, 2026.Adopting Modern Management Strategies for Obesity: Treating the Patient, Not the Disease In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis activity is supported by an educational grant from Lilly.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/RFR865. CME credit will be available until March 27, 2026.Adopting Modern Management Strategies for Obesity: Treating the Patient, Not the Disease In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis activity is supported by an educational grant from Lilly.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/RFR865. CME credit will be available until March 27, 2026.Adopting Modern Management Strategies for Obesity: Treating the Patient, Not the Disease In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis activity is supported by an educational grant from Lilly.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

Dr. Dustin Jones // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Dustin Jones discusses the concept of "stronger with less," focusing on low dose training for older adults. He highlights a recent publication that challenges traditional biases regarding the dosage needed to elicit a positive response in older adults. Dustin aims to provide hope and practical insights for healthcare professionals, particularly those with limited interaction time with patients. He emphasizes the gap between recommended physical activity guidelines—such as 150 minutes of vigorous activity or 300 minutes of moderate activity weekly, along with resistance training—and the reality that many older adults, as well as healthcare providers, struggle to meet these standards. Dustin addresses the tension that arises when considering effective interventions that may fall short of conventional expectations, particularly in settings like home health and skilled nursing facilities. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett explores the concept of being "old school" in the medical and rehabilitation fields. She discusses the implications of adhering to outdated practices despite the presence of new evidence and protocols. Christina emphasizes the importance of valuing the experience of veteran clinicians while navigating the challenges of ageism in the workplace. She provides insights into how this mindset can impact patient care and professional development. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Dustin Jones // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Dustin Jones discusses the critical relationship between protein intake and bone health, particularly in older adults. He highlights the growing conversation around protein, often associated with muscle benefits, and emphasizes its significance for bone health, noting that 33% of bone mass is made up of protein. Dustin reviews current evidence on how protein influences bone growth through mechanisms like insulin growth factor IGF-1. Jones underscores the concerning trend of malnutrition in adults, particularly regarding protein intake, and calls attention to studies that examine whether older adults meet the minimum recommended protein guidelines. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett discusses the critical topic of falls prevention among older adults. She challenges the current frameworks and statistics surrounding falls, highlighting that one in three older adults experience falls each year, which are responsible for 90% of hip and wrist fractures. Christina emphasizes the importance of reevaluating the narrative around falls prevention and its implications for funding and research. Through her experiences in teaching the Older Adult course, Christina engages with clinicians of varying backgrounds to explore the prevalence of falls and the need for a shift in perspective regarding this pressing issue. Tune in for valuable insights on reframing falls prevention strategies to improve outcomes for older adults. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Jeff Musgrave // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Jeff Musgrave discusses a recently published research study comparing the effects of aerobic training versus strength training on hypertension in healthy older adults. The study, titled "Differential Effects of the Type of Physical Exercise on Blood Pressure in Independent Older Adults," was conducted over four years and included two groups: one focused on aerobic exercise and the other on strength training, with both groups participating in two 60-minute sessions per week. While both groups saw reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the strength training group exhibited superior long-term benefits, showing continued improvements beyond the two-year mark when the aerobic group's progress plateaued. Jeff highlights the importance of strength training in long-term wellness programs for older adults, particularly in managing hypertension. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Dustin Jones // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Dustin Jones discusses the crucial yet often overlooked component of care for older adults: psychosocial resources. Despite thorough evaluations and well-crafted intervention plans, many clinicians find that their patients struggle to engage and make progress. Dustin highlights the importance of assessing psychosocial factors that can significantly influence patient outcomes. He shares insights from his experiences, emphasizing the need for healthcare providers to consider these variables to enhance their effectiveness in treatment and improve the lives of their older adult patients. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Dustin Jones // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Dustin Jones discusses the crucial topic of myocardial infarctions, commonly known as heart attacks. Drawing from a personal experience involving a loved one, he highlights the importance of understanding both the intervention and the long-term care following a heart attack. Dustin points out the seasonal increase in heart attack risks, particularly among older males, as physical activity tends to decline during winter months. He emphasizes the dangers posed by sudden, higher-intensity activities, such as shoveling snow, which can lead to increased heart attack incidents. The episode serves as a call to action for rehab and fitness professionals to support individuals during these challenging times, providing valuable insights into prevention and care strategies. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Jeff Musgrave // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Jeff Musgrave discusses the relationship between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and falls in older adults. He explores a study titled "Perturbation-Based Dual-Task Assessment in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment," highlighting how cognitive decline affects dual-tasking abilities and balance performance. Jeff emphasizes the concept of cognitive reserve, comparing it to physical reserve, and explains how cognitive load during tasks such as walking and conversing can increase fall risk. Jeff aims to shed light on the critical impact of cognitive function on the safety and mobility of older adults. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett explores the emotional landscape of exercising, specifically focusing on the feelings experienced during workouts. She discusses the common negative reactions older adults may have towards exercise, particularly high-intensity workouts. Christina emphasizes the importance of intensity and effort in therapeutic exercise, noting the discomfort that often accompanies it. She highlights the emotional journey of exercising, which includes a positive mindset before beginning, the struggle during intense exertion, and the rewarding feelings of accomplishment afterward. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Send us a textWhat if the secret to enhancing productivity and workplace harmony lies not in authority but in empathy? With seasoned people-management expert David Jensen as our guide, we embark on a journey of discovery into effective workplace practices. David shares his wealth of experience, particularly focusing on the art of conducting meaningful performance reviews. From tailoring evaluations to suit different organizational levels to the importance of self-assessment, he offers practical advice for fostering commitment and trust. Our conversation is filled with actionable insights that promise to transform how leaders approach employee assessments.Navigating the complexities of modern leadership, we uncover communication strategies that truly make a difference. As the world undergoes rapid technological and political shifts, David emphasizes moving beyond mere authority to engage with employees meaningfully. By likening first-line supervisors to coaches rather than disciplinarians, we highlight how legacy-building leadership can turn potential pitfalls into opportunities for growth. Together, we confront the inadequacies within traditional onboarding programs and the decline in customer service, advocating for a leadership style that prioritizes people over profits.Exploring the heart of successful workplace dynamics, we delve into the power of understanding, respect, and empathy. With insights from David and a former business partner, we tackle the challenge of "quiet quitting" and the vital role of recognition in fostering an engaged workforce. We stress the need for performance reviews that extend beyond metrics to focus on personal development and career progression. Throughout the episode, the importance of listening actively and leading with empathy stands out as a cornerstone of effective management, ensuring employees not only stay but thrive. Join us for this enlightening conversation on creating a workplace that celebrates diversity and empowers individuals. Visit us at LearningWithoutScars.org for more training solutions for Equipment Dealerships - Construction, Mining, Agriculture, Cranes, Trucks and Trailers.We provide comprehensive online learning programs for employees starting with an individualized skills assessment to a personalized employee development program designed for their skill level.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett reflects on the theme of aging and longevity. Christina encourages listeners to adopt a mindset of being "old people in training." She emphasizes the importance of setting ourselves up for success in our 30s and beyond to ensure a vibrant, active life as we age. This episode is a call to action for personal reflection on health and longevity, steering away from restrictive diets or weight loss goals, and instead focusing on holistic well-being. Join Christina for a thoughtful exploration of how we can prepare ourselves for a healthy future and help others do the same. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Jeff Musgrave // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Jeff Musgrave discusses the significant role of hope in patient recovery. He emphasizes that while hope can be a powerful motivator for patients who may be uncertain about their healing journey, it must be accompanied by a concrete intervention plan to be effective. Without a structured approach to assessment and intervention, hope risks becoming an empty promise. The episode highlights the importance of combining hope with actionable strategies to enhance patient outcomes. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Dustin Jones // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Dustin Jones discusses the concept of intentional under dosage, particularly in the context of working with older adults. Dustin shares insights on when and how to effectively implement this strategy across various settings, including clinics, homes, hospitals, and gyms. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett continues her series on constipation in older adults. She discusses the significant increase in constipation rates as people age and emphasizes the importance for physical and occupational therapists to address this issue. Christina highlights the implications for rehabilitation professionals and the need for awareness and proactive discussions regarding gastrointestinal health in older patients. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Jeff Musgrave // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult faculty member Jeff Musgrave Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Dustin Jones // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult Division Leader Dustin Jones discusses valuable equipment recommendations specifically designed for older adults in physical therapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) settings. The guide categorizes equipment into four key areas: strength, endurance, balance, and mobility. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com   In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult Division Leader Christina Prevett shares her experiences as a clinician and highlights the frequency of discussions around digestive health with her older adult patients. She emphasizes the importance of understanding and addressing constipation, a common issue that can significantly impact the quality of life for seniors. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Jeff Musgrave // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Jeff Musgrave shares a case of an older adult having back pain with deadlifting. He covers the process of using: 1. Show, Tell, Touch 2. Progressive Loading 3. Monitoring Symptom Irritability Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Dustin Jones // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Dustin Jones discusses the concept of cognitive fitness. What are the key steps to build cognitive fitness? A recent publication by Harvard Health has outlined 6 steps to maximize cognitive fitness, cognitive reserve, and overall mental health. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett explores the essential aspects of catheter use in geriatric care. She discusses the considerations that clinicians should keep in mind regarding catheter placement, pelvic health implications, and current guidelines surrounding catheterization. Christina also teases an upcoming virtual ICE session that will provide a deeper dive into these topics, emphasizing the importance of understanding catheterization in the context of geriatric pelvic health. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Jeff Musgrave // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Jeff Musgrave shares the keys from a newly published article he co-wrote with Dustin Jones. The article focuses being providing tips to for rehab professionals to have a smooth transition of their patients into group fitness. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Julie Brauer // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Julie Brauer as she discusses the importance of reframing our perceived value in caring for older adults. She emphasizes focusing on personal growth and transformation throughout the caregiving journey rather than solely on patient outcomes. Julie invites reflection on provider's experiences and how they evolve as caregivers, offering insights that encourage a deeper understanding of the caregiving process. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Dustin Jones // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult Division Leader Dustin Jones dives into a recent publication that looks into minimal footwear's impact in older adults and its implications for clinicians. Much of the research on minimal footwear has focused on running. What about older adults at risk of falling? Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult Division Leader Christina Prevett as she dives into the theme of reflection, particularly in the context of career development and ageism in the healthcare field. Christina discusses the importance of acknowledging the value of continuous learning, regardless of a clinician's years of experience. She challenges the notion that being "old school" is simply a function of age, emphasizing that stagnation in professional growth, rather than longevity in practice, is what truly defines outdated approaches. We all get firmer in our beliefs with more experience but it's important to keep an open mind, continue to learn, shape and evolve your practice. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Jeff Musgrave // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Jeff Musgrave breaks downS.M.A.A.R.T. acronym & gives an example of what it would look like to apply this to a patient receiving home health. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Julie Brauer // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Julie Brauer provides a comprehensive guide to creating a general workout for hospitalized patients. She emphasizes the importance of incorporating loading strategies and circuit training elements, such as EMOMs, to address the needs of sick patients. The workout focuses on key areas including gait, balance, strength, and power, while ensuring the experience remains enjoyable. Julie highlights the necessity of tailoring exercises to align with each patient's meaningful goals, encouraging listeners to develop activities that mimic the demands of those goals. The episode features a discussion around a specific patient avatar requiring mid to moderate assistance for standing and minimal assistance for walking, demonstrating how to adapt workouts based on individual capabilities. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett discusses the efficacy of rehab in hernia prevention, management, and post-surgical care. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab.

Dr. Julie Brauer // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Julie Brauer discusses important tools for acute care PTs: a good attitude, a backpack, a white board, resistance bands, sticky notes, and gait belts. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION JULIE BRAUER Good morning crew. Welcome to the PT on Ice daily show. My name is Julie. I am a member of the older adult division. and I am coming to you live from my garage. So this morning what we are going to dive into are fitness forward tools that you can use in acute care and I'm going to do my best to demonstrate some of these tools that you can use to start loading these really sick folks up early. All right so We are going to dive in first by talking about the most important tools that you need to have with you as you go through the hospital and you go visit your patients in their rooms. TOOL #1 - THE RIGHT ATTITUDE So number one, the most important tool that you need is the right attitude. You have to have the right attitude about this. So let me unpack that. Bringing fitness forward care to sick older adults in the hospital. It is not about getting them to do a sexy deadlift with a dumbbell. It's not the sexy thing. It is not, holy crap, I just got this patient, they're in a hospital gown, they're super sick, and they're doing a deadlift with a dumbbell in the hospital. It's not about that. It's not about being able to get the video of that or the picture of that and being able to share that. That is sexy and that is cool and it is badass. However, the meaning is deeper. What the attitude you need to have is, is that you have this beautiful, amazing opportunity to plant a fitness forward seed in this patient who is sick, who has a ton of medical complexity, and you only get to see them potentially one time. You've got one shot to plant that seed and potentially be the catalyst that sets this person up on a better trajectory of health. That's an amazing opportunity. And I would encourage you all to be obsessed with that opportunity. Okay. Every single time I would go into a room, I thought, wow, I have this opportunity. I've got one shot. I could be the catalyst that changes their lives. And the thing about you all who work in acute care, man, you are doing some dirty work, right? You are seeing folks, whether they're young or old, they have multiple types of diagnoses and medical complexities. You are seeing them at their worst and you are seeing them in a very, very vulnerable situation. The fact that you are able to plant that seed yet you don't get to see the sexy outcome and yet you give them your whole heart and whole soul is so important. And it's hard to be in acute care and know that you're not going to get to see a sexy discharge where a patient is lifting a super heavy barbell or they are going all out on an assault bike. You're not going to see that. And that's tough, but you have to reframe it to be, I'm going to be obsessed with having the attitude that I could go into every single one of these rooms, plant the seed, and the patient is able to walk into an outpatient clinic. They want to do fitness-forward care because I planted that seed. And I think that's an incredibly, incredibly important story to tell yourselves so that you can continue to have the motivation to go in and see these folks who are sick day after day. And many times you may not actually get to get them to do the cool fitness board stuff. Okay. So that's the most important thing is having that right attitude. Okay. TOOL #2 - A BACKPACK So the second tool that you're gonna need to bring along with you to every single room is a backpack, all right? You absolutely need a backpack. So this is not the backpack I used in acute care. I used the backpack that they gave us as like a Christmas gift one year. This is a Nomadic. This is my travel backpack. This is a very sturdy, but very expensive and nice backpack. I do not recommend getting something like this to go into hospital rooms, okay? But I do recommend that you get something that's sturdy because you're going to be carrying around a lot of stuff in it. So get yourself the backpack. So what are we putting in the backpack? You're going to put weights in the backpack. No, most acute care therapy offices do not have weights. But you can bring your own. So I would bring a 15 pound dumbbell. and an eight-pound dumbbell, and I would put that in my backpack. Now, some of you are not able to bring a backpack potentially into the patient's room. Cool, then you bring it around and you leave it at the nurse's desk, okay? But the idea here is that you're bringing everything with you so that there is no excuse that you don't have the equipment because you're in the hospital. So you have your weights. Now, I've had people say, well, Julie, isn't that tough to carry around? And I say, yes, it is tough, it's heavy, but who else would want to be able to go rucking through the hospital with weights more than fitness-forward clinicians who are here listening this morning? I thought it was awesome. I felt like I was getting a lot of fitness in by carrying this stuff around throughout the hospital all day. TOOL #3 - THE WHITEBOARD Okay, so after weights, you're gonna have a whiteboard, okay? I'm using a whiteboard right now for my talking notes for this podcast. you all are going to want to use a whiteboard to create workouts with your patient. So have your dry erase markers and as you are digging into their meaningful goals and you're coming up with functional movements that match those meaningful goals, you are writing this stuff down, you are coming up with reps and sets, you are doing this with your patient. Now, I will say, you're not going to buy these and leave these in patient's rooms, right? This stays with you, okay? You can take a picture of this and give it to your patient, or the really cool thing about acute care is that they typically have whiteboards in the patient's rooms, and they're usually filled with some random information many times they are covered up with Call don't fall signs Those become great whiteboards. Okay, so I usually they're not helpful We all can can agree that call don't fall signs are not something that prevents somebody from falling. So I they're great whiteboards so I would take those down turn them around and with my dry erase markers cut right down the whiteboard on those signs then I would leave that in the patient's room maybe I would go find a couple extras and I would put some motivational phrases on there like uh i remember one very specifically i'm trying to kick covid's ass so i can get home in shopwood something like that or something that lets the providers know a little bit more about this patient their name is something that i always put on these signs their name and something about them a goal an interesting fact i want to try and have every provider who walks into the room treat this person a little bit more like a human than a number or a diagnosis and that's a way to do that so whiteboard, slash use the hospital whiteboards, use those signs that are all around the room, turn them over, use those as your whiteboard. TOOL #4 - RESISTANCE BANDS Okay, next, resistance band and TheraBands. Okay, so both. So resistance band is something like this, okay? These offer a lot more resistance than a TheraBand. However, I usually would bring a bag of theravans because i want to be able to leave some with patience right you can do endless things with the TheraBands. I would tie them to the bed rails many times. So even folks who are typically they're just lying supine majority of the day because they're so deconditioned, you can tie those around on the bed rails. They can pull from above, they can pull from the side, there's a lot of stuff you can do with them just tying them to the bed rails. with the resistance bands, this is where I would many times get people up into standing and I would do something like a paloff press. So if they're standing here and this is attached to the bed rail, I can have them do a paloff press to work some core. I can have them do some rotations, you can do rows, you can do a whole bunch of stuff with those resistance bands, but those come with me. I'm not leaving those in the room. TOOL #5 - STICKY NOTES Okay, next are sticky notes. Okay, sticky notes are amazing because they're versatile. So I have sticky notes and then even better than sticky notes, I have a really bright, uh, note card. And then I've also used paint swatches that you can get for free at Lowe's or Home Depot. Okay. So what I do with sticky notes or these things, they become targets, right? So if I'm gonna have folks be reaching for things or stepping to things and maybe I'm calling out colors or I will write on a sticky note a number and then they're not only doing a motor task, they're also doing a cognitive dual task perhaps, These are great tools. They're light, they're easy, they're cheap. The other thing I like with the sticky notes is I'd like to put little notes on them for people. So if I'm using targets with a sticky note, perhaps to show them exactly where I want them to do their deadlift, pick the weight up from and put it down on, I will put a note here that just says like, you're a badass or never give up or something like that. And then that's something that the patient can keep. So they're wonderful for targets. They are wonderful to do some dual tasking. So you can have people reach for yellow or reach for a number that is written on one of the colors. So you can yell out the color or the number. Very versatile tools, very easy to carry around with you. TOOL #6 - GAIT BELTS All right, and then also obviously a gait belt. You need to have a gait belt. obvious reasons for safety but also i have used a gait belt before and i have put it around the bed rail and okay i have never ripped a bed rail off of anything by putting the gait belt around it and tugging on it okay so i'll just say that are they the most sturdy things in the world no i've never ripped one off so that's my preface there. But I have looped this around the bed rail and then perhaps someone is sitting in a wheelchair and they have a really hard time just sitting up tall in their wheelchair, their core is very weak, I will do almost a modified rope climb where the gait belt is around the bed rail and they are pulling themselves up to sit tall, and then going back to the back of their seat, the back of their wheelchair, and then pulling themselves up to sit tall. I've done this in home health, where I looped this to the end of the bed, the bed frame, what am I calling it, footboard. But typically, in acute care, there really isn't a big enough space in those footboards, maybe some of them, but definitely a really cool tool to use to do unmodified rope climb really get that core activated for someone who is so weak that they barely can even sit tall in their wheelchair. TOOL #7 - SNACKS Okay and then lastly You need snacks, okay? Don't forget your snacks. I became so much more efficient and so much more productive when I started bringing food up on the floor with me and putting that in my backpack. So, get you some nuts, get you a bar, a little bit of healthy sugars, maybe some, I always had like clementines or mandarins, those were one of my favorite snacks. Make sure that you have some fuel so you are not having to really put a big stop in the middle of your day. You're not going down to the cafeteria, getting crappy cafeteria food, and it just kind of keeps you focused. When you take that break and go down to get a snack or a coffee, I think it just puts you in that mindset of like, I'm going to just chill and not work as hard. When you just keep hammering throughout your day and you're able to do that because you have fuel, it's really important. Okay, so that is what I put in my backpack. All right, so let's talk about some specific acute care hacks to load up your patients when you don't use the weights. Okay, so let's throw the weights out. My favorite hack, one of them, is to use towels. All right, now this is a towel that I have soaked in water. All right, because a soaked up towel is really heavy compared to a towel that's not soaked in water. So I will roll a towel up and I will put it in the toiletry buckets that are in every single patient's room. So usually these buckets come with soaps and little doodads, things like that. I just get rid of that and I soak up towels and I put them in the basin. Now, you can do a whole bunch of stuff with this. So for someone even in sitting, even having to hold on to this basin, can be very challenging. We can increase the difficulty by going overhead. We can increase the difficulty by doing some marching in sitting. We can do a deadlift from sitting. We can then get up into standing and we can do a deadlift as well. So the great thing about this is it's a great way to introduce the hinge to a patient who is post-op lumbar fusion. Yes, I am loading up someone who is post-op lumbar fusion day one. Why? Because they're going to be discharged. They were probably never taught how to do a hinge in the first place, which contributed to them ending up having surgery. and I want to be the person to break that cycle, right? They're gonna go home, they gotta empty the dishwasher, lift up Fluffy's kitty litter box, whatever it is, why not teach them here and now? So I will put the towel in the basin, and then I will teach them how to properly hinge with an elevated surface in the basin. So I'm teaching them a hinge pattern, loading it up a little bit so that they know how to properly hinge when they go home, okay? And less amounts of things you can do with that basin. The next piece of equipment that I love are your bedside commode buckets. Yes, the things that poop usually goes in. But this is not what we're using them for. We are using clean bedside commode buckets, okay? So the cool thing, buckets, they usually have a handle, okay? So it makes it a lot easier to hold on to than potentially the basin. So what I will do is I will put a bunch of crap in the bucket. So I will put my weights in there or I will go and get a bunch of ankle weights because typically therapy departments and acute care have ankle weights, put them in the bucket and now we got some load. So you can do the same thing. You can deadlift with the bucket, okay? you could do my favorite, which are carries. Okay, so loaded carries. So as you're walking with your patient, they could carry on to the bucket. And the cool thing is that it adds a little bit of a perturbation. Okay, so they're getting an internal perturbation just by holding on to an object. There's a truck coming by, I'm sorry. I am out in my garage. and there is destruction going on in my neighborhood. And it's disruptive. So I'm gonna wait until they go by. Okay, they're hanging out. I'm just gonna talk louder. Okay, so with the bucket, Come on, my friends, keep it moving, keep it moving. Don't say no on a live podcast. Okay, with the bucket, what you can do is if someone is non-ambulatory, they can hold on to the bed rail and they can go like this, back and forth with that bedside commode bucket full of equipment and full of weights, okay? They could hold on to it, hold on to the bed rail and march, just like this. They can swing that bucket forward and backwards. There's a lot of things you can do with the bedside commode buckets to add in a little bit of a perturbation. Okay, lastly, we'll talk a little bit about how to put all this stuff together. So when you are with your whiteboard, right? And you're talking and you're sitting with your patient and you're figuring what movements that you're going to do. This is where you can start introducing what an EMOM is every minute on the minute. You could start introducing what a rounds for time is. So very, very early on, typically patients don't hear about this stuff or feel what intensity is like or load until they're way into their journey and they go into outpatient potentially, right? So the amazing thing is that you get to start introducing them to what a workout is like this early on. Imagine that seed that you've planted, then your patient will understand what it's like to lift heavy and to work hard. They go to home health or they go to inpatient rehab and then they go to outpatient and they're able to advocate for themselves and understand, okay, This is too easy. I don't need that yellow TheraBand or I'm not working hard enough. This isn't challenging enough for me. You are able to give them that opportunity, which is absolutely amazing. And remember, you can be the one that has an impact on them. Farther down the road, you are not going to see that sexy discharge, but you were able to be the catalyst to spark some change. Okay. All right, my friends, that is all. The next time I come on here, I will actually show you an example of like an EMOM or a rounds for time, some examples of what I would actually do with patients in acute care. I will also, on the ice stories, I will post some of my reels I made back when I was in acute care, going back into the archives. I will post on our story my reels that show some of this stuff in action. Lastly, talking about our courses that are coming up. MMOA Live will be in Alabama, we will be in Minnesota, Wyoming, and Oregon for the rest, not the rest of September, we're not in September yet, but in September, so many opportunities to catch us live on the road. Alright everyone, have a wonderful rest of your Wednesday. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.

Is your company still stuck in the same old top-down management approach? It's time to ditch that old playbook. In this episode, Frederic Laloux, Author of “Reinventing Organizations” and Co-founder of The Week, discusses why organizations need to reinvent traditional management approaches in today's fast-paced world. He breaks down why outdated hierarchical structures often fail to engage employees and the flawed mentality of working solely for a paycheck. We also dig into the evolution of management models and how we've moved from rigid structures to more dynamic, people-first approaches. Frederic also discusses real-world examples of self-managing companies where teams thrive without the usual layers of management. He also shares stories from companies like Bayer and Zappos about the challenges and successes in adopting new management styles like “holacracy.” ________________ Start your day with the world's top leaders by joining thousands of others at Great Leadership on Substack. Just enter your email: ⁠⁠https://greatleadership.substack.com/

Dr. Jeff Musgrave // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Jeff Musgrave shares shares how by being too quick to limit risk for our patients we can expedite deconditioning, worsen social isolation and mortality of our patients. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION JEFF MUSGRAVEWelcome to the PT on ICE Daily Show brought to you by the Institute of Clinical Excellence. My name is Dr. Jeff Musgrave, doctor of physical therapy. Super excited to be talking to you about everyone dies, not everyone lives. So I am fresh off an epic motorcycle adventure with the CEO Jeff Moore and Matt in the bike fit division of our company. And it was an epic trip. And a great way to summarize this trip is a quote from a motorcycle brand that I've started following recently. We don't promote this brand in any way, I just thought the quote was great, which is, everyone dies, not everyone lives. So just to kind of set the stage a little bit, I'm new to motorcycling, brand new thing, it's something just recently I decided was Important to me a risk that I wanted to take Lots of people in my life very well-meaning that care about me deeply Wanted to just share all the worst case scenarios. They wanted to instill enough fear in me To maybe prevent me from going or to make sure that I'm super safe and and I get that right there is some inherent risk Taking a motorcycle up a cliff face lots of things can happen Some injuries occurred, there were some wrecks, but most importantly, there was the opportunity to really live life. in a very deep, meaningful way to accept some risk, to have a lot of fun, to have some fun stories, to make some fun memories that are gonna last me, I hope, the rest of my life. And I think this is very relevant whether we're talking about older adults or even younger adults. But I think we come in contact with this type of problem with older adults most common. So commonly with older adults, In that same vein, we're trying to help our patients be safe. We want them to make decisions that are going to prevent injuries, prevent falls, and for a lot of our older adults, a fall can be a very serious thing. I'm not making light of that in any way. We know that lots of our older adults are living with low reserve. and low physical resiliency and reserve, so they have very little margin. So if they fall and they have decades of deconditioning, their bones are weak, their body systems are not prepared to help them recover quickly, and this can have a huge impact on their life. So I want to say I recognize that, and we preach this fitness forward approach to try to help build that reserve and build that resiliency, but still what I tend to see when I interact with clinicians, working with older adults, is we treat older adults with kid gloves and we don't want them to be put at any level of risk. But I think the thing that we forget is what they're missing out on. What are the things that they want to do that are risky and how meaningful may they be to their life? So I'd like to give you a few tips just from my clinical experience to help patients live until they die. We want them to live their life as fully as possible, and I think sometimes we don't think about, when we limit our patients, what the downstream effect is for their life. So I've got a few tips here that I think will be helpful, and then we'll go through an example of what this could look like. So, you know, many of our patients, they're maybe not trying to take a motorcycle adventure into the Rocky Mountains. Maybe it's something like walking without an assisted device, or maybe they really need a walker but they're only willing to use a cane. So I think the first thing that we have to do is we have to have an objective assessment here. We can't just make assumptions. We don't want to look at their past medical history, their diagnoses, and decide for them, or heaven forbid, just their age. We know that people age at different rates and have different functional levels. Their age doesn't dictate their treatment. There are clinical findings should, very accurate clinical findings that meet them where they're at. So the first thing I would advocate for is to get an objective assessment of the risk. So how risky is this activity? Say it's some type of walking or balance activity and we're worried that their balance isn't good enough. Well, first thing we should do is say, hold the phone. We need to do a good assessment here, so we need to match up the patient's physical ability to the objective measure and make sure that the activity is represented in our objective measure. One that we really like to use, it's pretty comprehensive, is a mini best test. The mini best test is a great way to look at dynamic balance, looking at reactive components, as well as anticipatory. as well as a vestibular system, and reactive, like how are they gonna react if they do catch their toe? Do they have the ability to react? So if it's a balance activity, we'll wanna make sure that that activity is represented in our assessment. So we can have a very clear picture of how much risk is this. Maybe it sounds really risky, and we have them do the assessment, and it's like, meh, it's maybe not the best, but it doesn't look like it's that serious, On the other hand, it could be that it is very risky. They can't even do the task at all safely in the assessment. So either way, we need to know objectively what's their physical ability to do this task, whether we're doing the task directly or we're trying to replicate it. We need to get an idea of what's required and get an objective measure for that. The second thing we need to know is how meaningful would this activity be to our patients? How risky is this? But how much reward is there for our patient as well? So there's two sides to this. So if we're thinking about, we've got our assessment, then we've got a good idea how much risk is this based on say like their fall risk. It looks like they're having trouble walking and carrying something. So them wanting to carry in their own groceries without their hands would be a pretty risky task. But maybe that task allows them to be independent in their home. Or maybe they don't have the financial resources to pay someone to bring their groceries to them or for some type of grocery delivery service. So that could change their living arrangement. So we don't want to just make these big blanket statements based on risk. So we've got to figure out how much risk is there based on an objective assessment. We also need to know how much reward is there for our patient on the other end of that. Or what are the downstream effects of them not doing that task anymore. Will there be more deconditioning? Will there be lack of social connection? Social isolation, especially if someone is pre-frail, increases their mortality risk by over 25%. So if we, our choices for safety, take away the social reward, and we reduce the value of their life, we may also hasten their death. which is kind of a wild thing to think about, but our trying to play it safe could actually lead to them dying sooner, which is pretty awful, and I know that's not anyone, what anyone wants to happen that's listening to this. And then the final thing is you have to come to some type of agreement that you can work with, that they can work with, that you can work with, right? So that this therapeutic relationship can continue. So I'll give you an example, I'll kind of work through this, and I think this will help make this a little more clear, So an objective assessment of someone's risk. Say we've got a patient who's an independent community-dwelling older adult who has had some deconditioning, they've got some balance deficits on board. They say, I've got a cat, I'm widowed, I live alone, I need to be able to take care of Fluffy, but my balance, I'm really struggling to be able to get the cat food in from my car up the steps into the house, and I've actually had some falls recently, and I'm at the end of the bag of cat food, now what do I do? So the first thing we're gonna do is based on that task, pick an objective measure that's gonna be helpful. So for a community dwelling older adult, we'll probably do some type of quick screen to get an idea of strength and balance, so something like the short physical performance battery. And then based on that, if it looks like there's some serious balance deficits, we may wanna do a deep dive with a mini best test to get an idea of her dynamic balance, her ability to recover if she catches her toe, while she is carrying, it'll also take away her visual field during parts of the test to get an idea of what's her proprioception like, how well is her vestibular system functioning, and then from there, we can get an idea of what is the objective level of risk. So say we run the mini BEST test, and it looks like she is at risk for having a fall. And then the third thing is, we know, based on this patient, maybe she doesn't have a whole lot of social outlets, and this is one of the only times she gets out of the house for a medical appointment. So we need to really go through this filter of, yes, she could fall. If she continues to do this task, she could fall. But if we take away this trip out of the house, we take away a lot of activity from her daily life. So if she's not able to, if she's not lifting, carrying, working on her dynamic balance through this task, even if it's once every couple weeks, that is still a huge reduction in her overall physical outlet in her physical health. I mean it's built into her life so taking that away from her will actually probably expedite her lack of reserve, resiliency, expedite her deconditioning, as well as potentially isolate her from her pets. So if she's trying to take care of Fluffy, she doesn't have a whole lot of social outlets, that may reduce her willingness or desire to even live moving forward if she doesn't have that outlet with her pet. the lack of reward or the loss that that would represent to just say, no, not safe for you to do that. Let's have someone else bring the food, which she loses the physical attributes or the physical activity that is keeping her strong, at least at some level. But then the second piece is, maybe if we went to the extremes like, you know what, you're just gonna continue to get older and more deconditioned, you should probably just give the cat away. which is probably the worst thing we could say if there's any hope of her getting her strength back. She'll have the social isolation, probably some depression, as well as not being able to have that at least low level of physical activity. A way that I would come at this, if this was my patient, is I would describe the risk. Hey Betty, you know what? You are at risk for falling. You do have some deficits on your balance, but I realize this connection with Fluffy is really important for you, and I think we can work together to find some solutions. So some things I would be thinking about is if she needs some upper extremity support, maybe she's not using an assistive device, or she's not using the right one, which also happens pretty often, Maybe we can meet in the middle. Maybe we can say, you know what? I think if you get a smaller bag of cat food, you can put it in a backpack. And if you can get it, if I can teach you how to put this in a backpack and put it on your back, you're gonna have your hands free. And maybe until we get you stronger, just till then, we can use a walker to get you from your car to the steps, and then if you've got enough support or you've got your cane you usually use in the house, maybe we can get you to use the cane for a very short distance. Or maybe even let her set the backpack down and drag the thing into the kitchen. There's so many ways we could get the job done, but we may have to change what it looks like for a short time. And I would almost guarantee you, if that example was your patient, that they would 100% be okay with buying a smaller bag of cat food, which may get them out more often, which may help us reduce their sedentary behavior, improve their activity frequency, how often they're doing that, could be really good, as well as keep the cat, which I think is the ultimate goal. If they get to keep the cat, keep doing the task, maintain their independence, and we can limit their fall risk by giving them some extra support, but the task gets done and it's temporary, I bet they're gonna be on board. So I hope that helps. So I would really advocate before we just give blanket statements for safety for any patient, but especially for older adults. We want to make sure that they have the opportunity to live their life. We need to consider the risk, absolutely. We need to get an objective measure on that, but we need to consider what we're taking away or what their life will look like and the downstream effects of telling them no. With the heart of safety, we may expedite someone's death or reducing the quality of their life. The final phase, after you figure that out, is we've gotta come to an agreement. We've gotta continue that relationship, do what we can to reduce the risk for them, but maybe we have to meet in the middle. And maybe we can make some agreement that it's like, hey, until we get you to this point, would you agree to use this extra support? Or do this task a little bit differently? And almost 99% of the time that I've come at this type of conversation with a client this way, it has always gone well. Team, I hope that you go out there and you help your patients live. I hope that you're careful assessing risk. I would love, if anyone has any examples or stories they'd love to share, please drop it in the comments. If there's a cool story where you've been able to meet in the middle, help someone continue to do something like that, or just have some thoughts. I would love to hear your thoughts on that. If you're interested in learning more from the older adult crew, We've got our level one is kicking off in less than a week. It's crazy. It's time to sharpen those mental muscles, get back into L1. So if you just came off live and you're wanting to get your specialty in older adult, we would love for you to hop in there. If you've already had L1, I'd recommend you hop into L2. The last cohort sold out. The next one of those is gonna be October 17th. As far as live courses, myself and Ellen Sepe, The woman, the myth, the legend is going to be with me in Anchorage, Alaska. We're going to have a great time. That's going to be August 17th and 18th. Great opportunity for some awesome continuing education. Meet us live, work on your skills, and also take in a beautiful state at a great time of the year. We also have live courses on September 7th and 8th in Minnesota and Alabama. Team, that's what I've got for you for today. Go help those patients live. Have a great day. Catch you next time. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.

In this engaging episode of the Pre-Accident Investigation Podcast, host Todd Conklin teams up with leadership expert Jennifer Long for a thought-provoking conversation on leadership and capacity in today's complex organizational environments. Together, they explore how leaders can build confidence and capacity within their teams to foster innovation and resilience. Jennifer shares insights from her recent leadership development program, while Todd delves into the importance of monitoring capacity rather than just measuring it. They discuss the balance between efficiency and thoroughness, and how leaders can shift their focus from simply solving problems to understanding and analyzing them deeply. Tune in for an enlightening discussion on how modern leadership can adapt to ever-changing challenges, the significance of creating safe-to-fail environments, and the critical role of curiosity and learning in effective management.

Dr. Julie Brauer // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Julie Brauer discusses the ins & outs of daily life as an acute care physical therapist. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION JULIE BRAUERWelcome to the PT on ICE Show brought to you by the Institute of Clinical Excellence. My name is Julie. I am a member of the older adult division. Thank you for spending some time on your Wednesday morning with me. Let's dive right in. So one of the most common questions that I receive from students and clinicians is is asking me about acute care. Should I go into acute care? Should I choose home health over acute care? And I'm having a lot of conversations with folks about pros and cons. and sharing my reflections from having been in acute care and home health and inpatient rehab and outpatient and private and home with older adults. So I figured I would do a podcast and bring all these thoughts that I've been having in these individual discussions to all of you. Okay, so what I'm going to do is I'm gonna go through a list of five to seven things that I believe are the most important characteristics of acute care and will help you decide if acute care is the right setting for you and if you are going to thrive in that setting. Okay, so number one, this is what I believe is the most important characteristic that sets acute care apart and will be the biggest factor in helping you determine if you are going to thrive in this setting. All right, number one is that in acute care you have complete autonomy over your day. You have complete autonomy over your schedule. This ended up being The reason why I feel like I thrived the most in acute care is because I wanted full autonomy over how I structured my day. So let me explain what that means. So when I was working in the hospital, I would walk into work, you clock in, and you are more than likely going to be given a list of patients. It is then up to you to decide which of those patients you're going to see. Are they appropriate to be seen? So you're doing some triaging there and you have autonomy to make that choice. And then you get to decide, most importantly, what your day looks like. When do you go see those patients? And this was so key for me. I don't like to be in a box. I don't like to be back to back all day. I like to create my own day. And so I would look at my list and depending on how intense or complex the patients were, depending on my energy levels for the day, I would decide, like, okay, I'm going to knock out a bunch of my patients in the morning. Back to back to back, get it done, and then go eat lunch, and then in the afternoon when my energy stores are down, that's when I do the majority of my documentation. So my afternoon, I wouldn't really have to see any patients, maybe one, and the majority of it was documenting. Or if sitting around and documenting for a long time is something that fatigues you, you can do a system where you go see a patient, then you document. You see a patient, then you document. So if you are someone who really needs that energy reset after pouring into a human, typically one that's very sick and there's lots of complexities and you need a little bit of a break and a breather, you can set your day up so that you get that break after every single patient or perhaps after two patients. So you really have a lot of flexibility there. I remember I was the type of person who I would love to knock everyone out in the morning. I would go find a quiet room or a room that was near some natural light. I would put my music on and I would just sit there and document. So you have full flexibility there. When you look at other settings like inpatient rehab, you are back to back to back to back. It's one of the things that I liked the least about the setting is that I did not feel like I had autonomy over my day. And I realized that that was professionally a big core value of mine. And then if we think about home health, you do have a lot of flexibility. You schedule all of your patients yourself. However, I learned my experience was that that was a big burden for me and I never really knew what I was walking into. I didn't get the choice of who was on my schedule. Scheduling patients was typically fairly time-consuming and frustrating when you're trying to reach out to all these people and they may not be answering and you're trying to very efficiently, Tetris them into your schedule so that you're not driving all around your region. Trying to schedule patients became just this extra task that really stole a lot of my energy. So after having been in multiple settings, I think that was the biggest plus to acute care. And if you are someone who likes to have that flexibility and you feel you can be efficient and effective and productive by making your own schedule, then acute care may be the setting for you over other settings. Okay, that's the biggest one. Number two, When you work in acute care, you learn how to be a master of scale. You have to learn how to come up with unique and creative loading strategies because you are in an environment where you don't have weights. You are in an environment where maybe you are just stationed to the edge of the bed because your patient is, they have tons of lines and tubes attached to them. So you have to figure out how to do a lot with a little. And that skill right there has become, it became my superpower going forward into every other setting. I never encounter a time where I'm with a challenging patient, they're complex, or we are in a less than ideal setting, for example, someone's home, and I have never felt I'm stumped. I don't know how to bring a fitness forward approach to this person. I can't come up with an idea. I don't have weights, and so I just don't know what to do. That has never happened. And the reason for that is because over several years, I learned how to get incredibly creative. So in the acute care setting, that could be as easy. I carry around dumbbells in my backpack. and I'm like rucking through the hospital, I bring my own equipment. We paused, we paused, we're back. That could also look like the, this is my favorite hack, the toiletry buckets that are typically filled with shampoos and soaps. I dump those out, roll up towels, soak them in water, put them in the toiletry bucket, and now that becomes a little bit of load, I would have folks deadlift that toiletry bucket, press it over their head. That was one of my favorites. I would use the tray table for a sled push. I would turn the hospital bed into a total gym and put it at an incline and have them reach at the bar above their head and they're doing pull-ups or I'm having them basically do a leg press with the hospital bed. I just was able to always find a way to bring that fitness forward approach and the acute care setting really forces you to get creative. And that was just such an amazing skill that has carried me through every single setting with every single patient that I've had throughout my career. So that's number two. Okay, number three. You do not, for the most part, have to take any work home with you. Yes. How nice does that sound? So for a lot of you who are in other settings and you typically at night, you get home from work, you maybe go to the gym, you eat your dinner and then you're like, well, here's my glass of wine and I'm going to sit down and I have one to two hours of documentation to do. That is not something that is typically happening when you are in acute care. Now in the very beginning as a new grad, a hundred percent, I was taking documentation home for me. But the vast majority after that learning curve, you know, after I got through that steep learning curve, I was not taking any work home from me. With me. You actually get to leave work at work. The administrative burden is very, very low. The EMR is very easy. It's a very low, low, low documentation burden. Something that I didn't know and I learned when I went into home health is that my god, documentation burden was enough for me to, was a big reason why I quit home health. I truly was so frustrated and cognitively overloaded by how extensive the documentation was that I could not even be present or enjoy the time with my patients. And for me, that was enough to say this setting is absolutely not for me. So if you are someone who you're really trying to create a barrier of when I'm at work, I do my work and I do a fantastic job. And then when I'm out, I'm off, I'm done. You go home and your energy stores go to your partner, they go to your friends, they go to your family. Acute care is definitely a setting where you can more easily create those boundaries. Okay, documentation burden low, that's number three. Number four, you are gonna do a lot of things in acute care that don't look like traditional therapy. Okay, so what I mean by this is that your role beyond improving someone's mobility and getting those sick patients, those, you know, individuals who need to get out of that bed and trying to start to get them stronger. Beyond that, I would say The majority of my time was actually spent being a fierce patient advocate, a fierce patient advocate. That is truly what my role became. And I actually evolved to loving that part of the role even more sometimes than going in and doing the functional mobility strengthening stuff. I thought it was such a beautiful opportunity to be able to advocate hard for my patients. So in MMOA, we call that significance over sexiness. You're not always going to get this patient doing squats or deadlifts or bringing in weights, but what you can do is you can fight to the end so that your patient can get over to inpatient rehab. I will never forget one of my first patients that I experienced working on the trauma floor was an individual who had a spinal cord injury. He fell down the stairs, ended up in the hospital. He did not have insurance. And he worked hard every single day with us. I worked with him for months. But because he didn't have insurance, acute rehab was saying, no, no, no, we're not going to take him. Even though everything else made him the perfect candidate to go to rehab. And we know that his outcomes were going to be so much better if he was able to go over and get that intensive rehab. So me and my colleagues were able to just hammer on that goal and we brought it up to the physicians and we got them to do an appeal and face-to-face peer review and we worked closely with case management and we were able to get him over to rehab because we went after that so hard. and that was more beneficial than probably anything we could have done in a more traditional therapy sense. So you have this awesome ability to really dictate the outcome of these folks and it doesn't look anything like PT. Another example is if you have an interest in working in the ICU you have an amazing role there to advocate. Meaning you're going around with the physicians and case management and the nurse manager and sometimes higher up execs in the hospital and you're looking at these folks who are on sedation and on the vent and you know that you want to get that sedation down so you can get these people up and start that early mobility. and you get to look at their settings and look at what's going on and say, look, can we get this person off Propofol and put them on Propofol? Or sorry, the opposite, take them off Propofol and put them on Procedix so that we can try and decrease the sedation burden that's going on with our patients and get them mobilizing faster. That is so cool. I thought that was amazing. I loved feeling like I was like this mama bear trying to protect all of my patients and get them to the next best. setting and really improve their outcomes. And much of that did not look like teaching them how to do sit to stands or deadlifts. So if that's something that you feel you would love to do, acute care is a really wonderful setting for that. Conversely, if you are an individual who, you know, I talk to a lot of clinicians and students who love the fitness part, like their core values when it comes to their professional career are that They want to be able to work with someone when they are in the stage of being able to load them up. That's what brings them value. They want to work more from a sports performance perspective. And they want them to be at a level where they're able to do all the exercise. Like that's what you love to treat. And so I give them the, you know, I let them know, acute care may not be the setting for you. You really may belong more in outpatient instead. So something to think about just the how dynamic of the role can be in acute care. Okay next you learn how to communicate and you learn how to be on a team. All right you will hear all the time that in acute care you have to have really solid interprofessional communication. 100%, you've heard that word over and over again. But what does interprofessional collaboration actually mean? You learn very quickly that the world does not revolve around you and your therapy plans. These patients are so complex. They have so much going on with them. You are one small piece of the puzzle that actually helps them move on to the next level of care, or helps them get home and be safe. You learn it really quick. You cannot operate in a silo. You start to learn what the nurse's roles are, what the nurse tech's role are, truly what your OT partners and your speech partners can do. And you learn how to work with case management. You learn how to have conversations with physicians. They're all right there, and you have to figure out You have your patient's health and mobility, and you want them to get stronger. That's the forefront of your mind. But you've got to deal with all of these other individuals who have their own priorities when it comes to the patient. the physicians or the surgeons, like I'm trying to keep the lungs and the heart alive, or I'm just trying to keep that brain alive. Like that's what their focus is. You know, the nurses are, Hey, I got to get these meds into my patients and they're overloaded. And you start to learn to have grace for people when maybe they're not fitting the idea of what you think should be done for the patient because you're thinking about your bias of mobilization and strengthening. So you start to understand, how to create allies with individuals who have various priorities when it comes to your patient case. You learn how to argue, you learn how to be direct, but you learn how to respect everyone else's role and everyone else's time. And that can become a really beautiful collaborative effort where you can work together and move people forward. And you just don't get that opportunity in other settings. When I went into home health, I really missed the fact that I could easily collaborate with my OT partners or my speech partners, or I could easily, you know, talk to a physician. In home health, a lot of the time it feels a lot more siloed and My goodness, if I was able to get even just a PA on the phone to tell them about a concern I had with a patient, that was a big win. So if you are someone who values and loves the fact that you're surrounded by a team constantly, acute care may be the setting for you there. Okay, only a few more, I promise. Let's do two more. Okay, next, the emotional toll slash connection is very high in acute care. Now, every single setting you are going to be emotionally connected to your patients, right? You could be in very vulnerable situations with the patient. However, I do believe acute care has the highest amount of emotional connection and along with that emotional toll because you are with folks that are dying, that have been through catastrophic accidents, that are, you know, I will never forget the day where I was working in trauma and a patient came in, terrible car accident. That individual lived, but her spouse died. And you are pouring into this human, they don't even know that their spouse is dead yet. I mean, you are going to face these situations so often, especially if you work more in the ICUs. You are surrounded by death quite frequently, and you're surrounded by a lot of sadness and loss and grief. And that can take a significant toll on you. I think it's beautiful that you are able to be someone who can support your patient, your patient's family during an incredibly tough time. But that can also be something if you are, um, if you are an empathetic person to a fault, sometimes like I am, that you can take on a lot of that grief and that can end up being incredibly heavy for you. So something to consider if you love to be in those vulnerable positions with your patient and you want to help them through dying and sickness and grief and loss, it may be a great setting for you. And that's not to say you don't experience intense joy as well. You can. see folks who were minimally conscious after a stroke or traumatic brain injury, and you can see them, you know, spontaneously start to recover. And that's absolutely incredible as well. But the emotional roller coaster is incredibly high. So if you are prone to taking on a lot of energy and emotion, and that's something that you know is not necessarily a positive for you, then maybe acute care isn't the place for you. Okay, last one here, last one. you do not get to see the sexy outcome. You do not get to see the sexy outcome. In acute care, you truly have to be okay with being the person who sees this person once, you plant a seed and you hope that that grows and that ends up changing this person's trajectory. But you don't get to see that outcome most of the time. And that's really hard for individuals. Many clinicians, they want to build that relationship and go along that journey with someone and see discharge day, see how far they've come from the amount of effort and work and progress that you've been making together. That longer term relationship is so important. This is one of the, um, this is definitely one thing that I didn't like about acute care as much is that I didn't have the ability to see this see this outcome. On the flip side of that, I definitely adopted the perspective that, hey, I've got maybe one or two chances to work with this patient. I'm going to do everything possible to set them down the right path. I'm going to pour into this human 200% to try and make sure that I can hand off the baton to the next person and it's a fitness forward individual and I can continue to keep them in that lane. And I was okay with that. I loved knowing that as a fitness forward professional, when I walked in those doors of my patients' hospital rooms, I knew, I just felt that their outcome was going to be different because I was coming into their room. And I loved being able, I loved being able to have that impact with them, even if it's for a very short amount of time. If that is something that you feel like you can get on board with and you can really learn to value and you can be okay with planting the seed and not seeing the outcome, acute care could be a really wonderful setting for you. If you are someone who knows that they want to go along the journey over a long period of time, they want to see discharge day and know what those efforts look like at the end and what the outcome was, probably not the setting for you. Okay, all, that's my list. It's not an exhaustive list by any means. I would love for you all to add to this list to kind of let more folks know some pros, some cons, some other considerations. Please add to this. Put it in the comments. Send me a message. I'd love to post other thoughts about all the things that go into acute care and whether it is going to be the right setting for you. Okay. So I will end with talking to you all about what we have coming up in the older adult division. So in August we, Oh, first let's talk about July. My goodness. So this coming weekend, we, uh, the whole team is in Littleton, Colorado. And then once we go into August, we are in California, Salt Lake city. in Alaska, as well as our Level 1 online course, that starts August 14th as well. PTINice.com, that's where you can find all of that info. If you're not on the app already, make sure you get on there and get into our community. We're on the app so much more now, so if you have questions or comments, find us in there. All right, team, have a wonderful rest of your Wednesday. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.

Matt and Allie talk with Dr. Pettit about knee cartilage injuries and current techniques to manage them, including the MACI technique.(Matrix Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation) Learn about the MACI technique, what ideal age range and types of cartilage defects qualify for the MACI technique, and the importance of timing.Think you might have a cartilage defect? Listen to the symptoms to look out for. Read the articles here:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8804858/https://www.maci.com/patients/blog/time-matters-why-you-shouldnt-wait-to-treat-your-cartilage-injury/Learn more about Dr. Pettit https://www.beaconortho.com/physician/robert-pettit-md/Did you know that you don't need a doctor's prescription to receive physical therapy? The laws of Direct Access allow you to receive physical therapy without a referral and still use your insurance benefits! Learn more on how Direct Access can help YOU! Our website: https://www.oxfordphysicaltherapy.com/

Dr. Dustin Jones // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Dustin Jones as he compares & contrasts the different roles of heavy & light lifting in the scope of geriatric rehabilitation. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION DUSTIN JONESWelcome to the PT on ICE Daily Show brought to you by the Institute of Clinical Excellence. My name is Dr. Dustin Jones with the Older Adult Division and today we're going to be talking about heavy versus light loads, particularly in geriatrics. Which one is better? Is there a certain time, place, person that we may want to use heavy versus light? I want to take a dive into the research and some of the themes that we're seeing in the literature and also just from experience in clinical practice and in fitness. of how we want to think about these different types of load because to be very honest we have a big bias here at at ICE I would say and then definitely in the MMOA division where you will hear us talking about the need to push for higher intensities right especially with our professional pandemic of under dosage where we have individuals that are not being challenged and have the ability to change right like this is a big big issue and something that we really need to speak to and it's very easy to mix that message with that higher amounts of load heavy load is the only way to go and that could not be further from the truth all right so let's kind of get into the pros and cons of you know heavy resistance versus lighter resistance and when we may want to use these because it's really important to be very thoughtful in your approach of applying load to individuals I wanna start with talking about some of the advantages of lighter resistance training. That's the one that we typically associate, oh, that's under dosage, or that's too easy, or that's not gonna be that effective, right? That's not necessarily the case. So when we think about light resistance training, lighter loads, you know, maybe 40, 50% of someone's estimated one rep max, if you're doing those types of calculations, Those loads are really, really great for introducing movement. I think we can all agree that if we have individuals that haven't exercised before, that are relatively new to a movement, have a lot of fear on board, maybe a lot of irritability, that a lighter load is going to be easier to get the party started, if you will, with those individuals. And for some, it may be first set where you're doing a lighter load, check the box, things are looking good, and then we're going to progress to a heavier load. But in some settings, and I'll speak for home health at least, that's where most of my experience is, is that takes weeks and sometimes even months with individuals where we are doing somewhat of a lighter load before we really have a green light to really progress to a relatively heavy load with certain individuals. So introducing movement, I think light resistance training is a great place, a great tool and time to use that. I also mentioned irritability. When we have folks that are highly irritable, A heavy load is not necessarily a great situation, right, for those individuals. They'll often increase irritability and the behavior of those symptoms. They want to be respectful of that irritability and often lighter loads can allow us to introduce movement and helpful movement and activities without causing a big increase in their symptoms or a change in the behavior of their symptoms. So introducing movement, high irritability, those are great places. Another great place to introduce or use lighter resistance training is when we're really focused on movement velocity, of really creating speed with a particular movement, which in geriatrics, oftentimes, it's very helpful when we're working on reaction timing, for example, or performing movements that require a lot of speed, like stepping strategies to regain balance, for example. the lighter loads are gonna allow them to move quicker than if they were bogged down with the super heavy loads. We can use that in our training. Light resistance training also improves strength and hypertrophy as well. There is a lot of kind of mixed literature of showing that, man, heavy resistance training is kind of the gold standard, right? If we're wanting to get people really strong, if we're wanting to improve muscle mass as well, like we gotta lift heavy loads. but particularly in older adults and deconditioned older adults that they can see improvements and significant improvements in strength and hypertrophy with relatively lighter loads, 40, 50, 60% of their 1RM. Now, oftentimes you have to adjust the other variables of dosage, right? Typically higher volume, but we can see an improvement in strength and hypertrophy in older adults, particularly deconditioned older adults with light resistance training. And that's really good news. I think it's really helpful, especially if you're in a more acute setting, you're in home health, acute care, SNF, Those types of settings, the lighter resistance is typically more accessible to these individuals and we can still get benefits from it. So I hope you can see some of the value of lighter resistance training. There are certain times and places and people where we are going to want to use light resistance training over heavy resistance training. Now let's talk about heavy resistance training. What's some of the evidence showing and theme showing of where that really stacks up? What are the benefits? The obvious one is strength and hypertrophy. Most of the literature It's going to be looking at improving strength, improving hypertrophy is with heavier loads, you know, usually that 80-85% of someone's one rep max, you're going to see really good results with a lot of the individuals if you can be able to apply that. One thing that is not often discussed and why you'll often see the MOA faculty use, give a little bit more preference to heavy resistance training is the stimulus it will give to bone mineral density. that heavier loads are going to be a greater stimulus to improve bone mineral density than lighter loads. Most of the research that's showing pretty significant changes or a reduction in decline in bone mineral density are usually doing resistance type activities in higher percentages of someone's one rep max in the 80s, 85% for example. So bone mineral density is a huge one and that's why we'll often use it somewhat preferentially with folks when we can apply it. Another big one, and this is purely anecdotal and from what I've observed working with lots of folks, is the confidence piece. Introducing light resistance training can help build confidence, right? It can get people moving. They can start to do things that they didn't think were possible or what they thought they'd be able to do. initially, but once we get past a certain point, heavy loads are going to be the only tool to really change people's perceptions of themselves. There is nothing like, and this is in my experience so purely anecdotal here, but there is nothing like lifting a relatively heavy barbell off the ground and doing a heavy barbell deadlift with someone that perceived that they are weak, that they're old, that they're fragile, that they're slow, that they can't improve, they can't change. That is such a powerful tool for these people to improve their confidence, but change the perceptions of what they're truly capable of doing. And this has so many ripple effects, right? If I am able to deadlift my body weight, for example, and I'm absolutely shocked and surprised, usually for a lot of members of Stronger Life, a gym for folks over 55 in Lexington, that's where I'm working, it's usually the 100-pound mark. If people can deadlift over 100 pounds, it just blows their mind, and many of us know, like, 100 pounds, that's okay, cool, awesome, but can you do your body weight? Can you do two times your body weight? But for 100 pounds, for some reason, for these individuals, it just, like, kind of, flips the switch, and then they start to think of other activities in a different light. They start to see, well, if I could do that, a hundred pound deadlift, man, going to Lowe's and getting my own bag of mulch is no problem. I don't need help. I can handle that myself. I don't need to go ask Bob across the street to do this for me at my house. I can handle that. Oh, that trip that I wanted to do, I may be strong enough to do that now. I may be able to do X, Y, and Z. Oh, I'm more confident in maybe being able to take care of my grandkids because I know I can pick up 100 pounds off the ground. It has a ripple effect of how they perceive all kinds of different situations. And what I've observed is that behavior often changes, hobbies often change, leisurely activities often change, and overall their life becomes better and more rich and more lively all from an exercise, right? I shouldn't say all, but it's a very profound moment. So heavy resistance training does a great job of achieving that. Another reason heavy resistance training is very, very beneficial, especially in the context of rehabilitation, is it minimizes a detraining effect. So if I'm performing light resistance training over a period of six weeks, eight weeks, for example, I will likely have more of a detraining effect. I will likely lose more of the gains that I've received over that eight week period. I will lose more of that after I'm done, as opposed to if I were lifting heavy weights the whole time. So if you are working with individuals where you're not sure what's going to happen upon discharge, What are they going to do? Are they going to start that exercise class down the road? Are they going to watch that YouTube channel, fitness channel that you recommended? You don't know, right? Are they going to do that home exercise program? It's all up in the air. You're not really sure. We can use heavier loads. to typically get more results, especially related to strength, especially related to functional capacity, related to transfers and independence, we can use heavy resist strain to get more progress over that period of time and they're going to have less of a detraining effect upon discharge and they will maintain their gains for a longer period of time. For me, in the context of home health, this was absolutely crucial, that if I was pretty sure that whenever I discharged Doris, and I was probably gonna see Doris within five, six months, I needed to account for that five to six month period. Doris, I need to get you as fit as possible in this eight week period before we're gonna discharge. So I'm gonna give preference to heavier resistance training as soon as I can apply it with her situation. It'll minimize that detraining effect, all right? So there's lots of different reasons, but I hope you can appreciate the benefits of light resistance training, of when you may want to use it, what situations is it really helpful, but then also for heavy resistance training. There's certain situations where, yeah, we definitely need to avoid light weights and stick with heavier weights. It's very nuanced. There's a right time, there's a right place, there's the right person. We're going to apply these different types of load or amounts of load. We can also appreciate that oftentimes it's overlapped, right? There's going to be times where I'm doing heavy load and lighter load in the same program. They can coexist. And this is why at any ICE course, you're often going to hear us talk about and not or. That we're not here to be dogmatic. We're not here to polarize. We're not here to say, you know, this is absolute garbage. You only need to stick with this particular intervention. That is very rare in our profession of rehabilitation and fitness that oftentimes it's an and not or approach. And that's definitely the case whenever we're talking about the amount of resistance that we're applying to our individuals.SU SUMMARY So let me know your thoughts. Any other scenarios, situations I didn't touch on? I didn't even talk about tendon health, soft tissue, related adaptations to resistance training. Drop some of your thoughts and some of your experiences while using light versus heavy resistance training and geriatrics in the comments. YouTube, hop on Instagram, we'll talk there. But we appreciate you all for watching, for listening. I want to mention a few MMOA or Modern Management of the Older Adult courses that are coming up. We have our certification that is for folks that have taken all three courses. Our Level 1, which is going to be starting August 14th, that's eight weeks online. Then our Level 2 that's starting October 17th, that's eight weeks online as well. And then our live course. So all three of those culminate in the ICE certification for older adults. Our live course is coming up too that I want to mention. This weekend, Victor, New York is going to be going down. Jeff Musgrave is going to be leading that one. It's going to be an awesome crew up there in upstate New York. And then the following weekend is our big MMOA Summit. This is where all the MMOA faculty descend. In Denver, Colorado, we do this one time a year where we all come together, have an absolute blast. We do a lot of activities, hikes, we'll have a big cookout pool party with all the students afterwards. So if you're in the Denver area looking for something to do next weekend, we'd love for you to join that course. All right, y'all have a good rest of your Wednesday and I'll talk to you soon. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett discusses reframing the conversation around post-operative guidelines for physical therapy treatment. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION INTRODUCTIONHello everyone and welcome to the PT on Ice daily show. My name is Christina Prevett. I am one of our lead faculty in our geriatric division. I'm coming to you from the University of Ottawa, so if there's a little bit of background noise, that is exactly why. But today, what I wanted to talk to you about, and the reason why I'm on here a little bit early is because I feel like this is gonna take me a little bit of time to get through, is to start reconceptualizing our post-operative guidelines when we're thinking about not just musculoskeletal injury, but many of our post-operative protocols when we're thinking about early healing and early recovery. in the post-operative window. And so I just posted a reel on our ICE Instagram account that's talking about hip precautions and how we have research going back from as like synthesis of research systematic reviews of research going back as far as 2015 to show that these precautions that were intended to reduce risk of early hip dislocation actually don't do that and what they actually do is they exacerbate post-operative deconditioning and they increase fear of movement. And we see this all the time in clinical practice, right? Individuals go for surgery. They're given these restrictions. These restrictions are not evidence informed. They're never discharged. And what it does is it causes people to disengage with activities of daily living, with sports, with activities that they enjoy. They become more sedentary. And then downstream, we see that the amount of postoperative deconditioning is greater and their capacity to engage back into the things that they enjoy before surgery is less. You know, I've had clients that have said to me, I'm so much worse. Like, my pain is better, but I feel worse than when I went in for surgery. Like, why did I even get this done if I could have dealt with this surgery? And so over the last couple of months, I have really been thinking and noodling on this. I did a podcast on the pelvic section on our Mondays around how our pelvic restrictive guidelines around lifting are not evidence informed at all either. And that when we remove those guidelines, and we have now multiple RCTs that have said, you know, other than don't have penetrative intercourse for six weeks, when we say here are your buoys, and here's how you can progress based on how you feel. not only do you not see an increased risk of postoperative complications in those individuals with liberal restrictions, but they actually have a reduced pelvic floor burden in that postoperative window. And so that early recovery is actually enhanced. And so we have to kind of understand where some of these guidelines come from and how are we as a profession in allied health going to start pushing the narrative and where is our role in that because I think we have a really massive role. So the first thing that needs to be acknowledged that is really front of center when it comes to post-operative guidelines is that when we do research and we take surgeons and we have done cross-sectional surveys, not we other researchers, and asked, you know, where did these lifting restrictions come from? Like, where is your evidence? Or do you believe that your restrictions are evidence-informed? In our pelvic literature, we saw that 75% of urogyne surgeons recognized that the reason for their restrictions is because this is what they have always done. And only 23% of the surgeons surveyed believed that the restrictions that they were giving were evidence-informed. Now that is a massive problem, right? We so often in medicine come through the lens of let's avoid bad outcomes that we don't acknowledge that the lack of doing something by restricting a person's movement can actually lead to adverse outcomes down the road, right? Because yes, they're not saying we did X activity and caused X outcome, but the removal of activity, now what we know in all of our accumulated literature on the effect of deconditioning on trajectory of aging, clinical geriatric syndromes, and post-operative deconditioning that can lead to changes in independence, that deconditioning also needs to be acknowledged in our algorithm of what we are thinking when it comes to our post-operative guidelines. And so what we are acknowledging first is that one, we have evidence that does not support restrictive guidelines in many different examples, right, our arthritis literature, not sitting in bed post cardiac surgery, our lifting restrictions post pelvic surgery, we now have a variety of different areas across different organ systems, musculoskeletal surgery, cardiovascular surgery, urogyne surgeries where we are acknowledging that our restrictions are overly restrictive and that that restriction does not create better outcomes. The step forward that I want to make is that not only are they not leading to better outcomes, but that subsequent deconditioning by overly restricting a person is an adverse outcome in itself in the opposite direction. And what this is highlighting is that we have a big knowledge translation gap problem. We acknowledge in many areas of medicine that this exists, but this is front of center for our allied health clinicians around what we are allowing in our practice or what we are acknowledging in our practice. And so you're gonna say Christina, okay, where are these restrictions coming from and why as a clinician am I hesitant to push back on these guidelines despite the fact that I know that these are not evidence-informed, right? So because there's a hesitancy on the side of the clinician and We want to acknowledge those. Those are the elephants in the room, right? So the first thing is around the fear of an adverse outcome, right? When we don't do anything, we don't have that same feeling of responsibility if something was to go wrong, right? Because I didn't push them. So it wasn't me that caused that adverse outcome, right? And we can't always avoid adverse outcomes, but what we do a lot at MMOA is we try and flip the script of, you know, we think about the harm of loading people, but what's the harm if we don't load them? And that's a slower churn, a slower burn, but it's important to acknowledge that that's relevant too, right? So that fear. But the fear also comes from going against the surgeon and liability and referrals. And so I want to acknowledge that piece and I want to acknowledge it on a couple of different stances. Number one is that our messaging is never to, you know, speak negatively to the surgeon and speak about the person. We speak about the concept. And so the way that if I'm trying to remove restrictions that have been placed on somebody or deviate from a protocol, which I tend to do a lot, when the surgeon has outlined this, I will say where your surgeon was looking at was this is their scope. They're looking for lumps, bumps, infection, early complications. Where my lens is here. based on their assessment of you two weeks ago, they may have felt X from where I am assessing you today. Here's where I think our steps are going forward. So it is not bashing the surgeon. It is not going against the surgeon. It is using my scope as a doctorate level clinician to be able to make further recommendations going forward. And as a newbie clinician, the thought of going against the protocol set out by the surgeon used to terrify me, right? I'm a rule follower and our medical system has placed medicine at the top, which, you know, they have the brunt of the liability. I understand where that is coming from. But as I get into my research degree or when I get into my research career and I acknowledge the level of the evidence when I see the outcomes that are so much better when I ditch these protocols and load people more aggressively earlier and I recognize that a surgeon has never never actually rehabbed a person after their surgeries, it changes my mind, right? I would never go up to the surgeon and say, you know, you are going to go with that anterolateral approach for that hip replacement. I really think you should take a posterior approach. It would be better. Because that's not my scope of practice, right? That's not what I do. That is not where my skill set is. So why are we so shackled by a surgeon telling us what our job is, who has never, never rehabbed a person after their surgery, has not actually seen them for more than 15 minutes in an appointment after their surgery. And so I I would never take continuing education from a PT who has never treated the condition that they are teaching about, right? Like you would never go to see me and teach in geriatrics if I have never rehabbed a person who is over the age of 65. So why is our system created in a way where we are taking rehab advice from someone who has never done rehab, whose medical degree does not actually have an exercise prescription component in a lot of cases. And so that acknowledgement has really shifted my perspective on this is maybe foundational work that they are giving and they are catering also to the lowest common denominator, right? Like when I am working with a person and they are trying to give a blanket statement guideline that has exercises on it, they have to cater to the person with the most amount of deconditioning in order to believe that this protocol is safe for everyone. And we acknowledge as clinicians that that blanket statement never ever works, including blanket protocols, because our people come in with a variety of different chronic diseases, comorbidities, positions, supports, biopsychosocial considerations, motivations and drives, and musculoskeletal reserve around that postoperative joint. And so what we have to acknowledge is the flaws in the system, but I'm not saying that as a bad thing, I'm saying that as this is where I come in. High five me in, this is my job, and I need to advocate for my profession in making an opinion on this, right? And this is where we need to lock shields with medicine and surgery, not blast each other with swords and acknowledge where our scope is and where their scope is. The final thing is around liability, right? And I think the post-operative guidelines around joint replacement are a really good example of where the liability, we have to be acknowledging liability, but we also want to make sure that we are thinking on the other side of the equation, where when we are working with individuals post-operatively, we are worried about post-operative dislocations. And what we see is that those with low musculoskeletal reserve going into surgery and have a fall in the early postoperative window are the ones who are more likely to dislocate or those that have a size fit issue or get a deep infection in the early postoperative window. So what we are doing by deconditioning is we are impacting one of those risk factors in a positive way. If we are creating more deconditioning, if we are lacking reserve around that joint and we are not supervising them, potentially in the early post-operative window, that is where we can have liability on creating an adverse outcome. But we don't have any evidence around pushing individuals too far from an exercise perspective early on, creating adverse outcomes. Now, if that was to change, sure, we're gonna change our strategy, but we want to really be thinking about this from a clinical and critical lens, because it's really important that we acknowledge these things. So, What do I think we actually need to think about with our post-operative guidelines? Or what do I think we are missing with our post-operative guidelines? I feel like we are missing our confounding variables that are going to dictate how quickly we're going to be able to progress individuals. So what do I mean by that? We acknowledge as clinicians, because we do this all the time in our assessments, that there is going to be different things in a person's background that is going to allow us to be more aggressive in rehab or is going to cause us to take a slower approach. Those are not acknowledged in our postoperative guidelines right now. So what are some of those things? One is our level of frailty, burden of clinical geriatric syndromes or complex comorbidities. Secondary is musculoskeletal reserve going into surgery or the amount of deconditioning we are able to stave off with early postoperative mobility. And so what we are acknowledging or what we want to acknowledge is that some individuals, we obviously have that early protective phase around a graft. I'm not saying that we're just going to blast that out of the water, but we know that after two weeks, most of our collagen synthesis is there and now it's remodeling in order to get stronger. And that remodeling requires load. But then we create a brace around an individual for six weeks where we're actually not creating a lot of loading through that joint or we're not actually having pulsing forces from our muscles that are acting and contracting to start creating tensile forces in order for our collagen fibers that are coming down or our healing fibers that are needing that load in order to get stronger. And there's a huge amount of variability in our in vivo studies around the strength of collagen resynthesis and that range is probably related to musculoskeletal reserve. And so, one, we need to acknowledge that yes, we have that early protective phase, but their amount of reserve going into their surgery is going to be a predictive factor of how aggressive we can potentially be post-operatively. Their complexities with respect to comorbidity are going to incur a higher or lower inflammatory load that is going to dictate how fast we're gonna be able to progress exercises, right? When we really step back from all of our comorbidities, a lot of them are related to inflammatory cascades, depending on the organ system that is impacted by the disease. And so when we have individuals with a high comorbidity burden, they are gonna have a higher inflammatory load, and that higher inflammatory load is going to impact how fast we're gonna be able to get individuals working, but on the flip side of that, exercise is anti-inflammatory. but it's going to slow down our progressions. So all of this to say is that one, we need to be confident in our assessment skills that includes early postoperative management. We need to acknowledge that our role is one of critical thinking that allows us to take information medically from the surgeon and some of their early protective phase issues, and then be able to progress them as we see fit, because we're the ones who are seeing individuals that are progressing and we are responsible as well for their wellbeing and their capacity to return to activities of daily living. And that baseline musculoskeletal reserve going into surgery is going to be a big confounding variable or a big protective variable in order to think about their postoperative reserve. And so where I see our postoperative guidelines hopefully going in the next several years is one, blanket statements are gonna go out the window, right? We are going to remove these lifting restrictions. We are gonna give individuals buoys, okay? We're gonna say, hey, you just had surgery on X joint. This is what I want you to think about. I want you to be thinking about gradually returning to movement within your comfort zone, and I want you to look for X, Y, Z. And if you are experiencing X, Y, Z, that is your body telling you that you've probably pushed it a little bit too far today, okay? You're not hurt. sore is safe, but it's your body telling you that you just had surgery and we need to stay within these buoys and those buoys are going to change. And as you get further from surgery, you're going to be able to experience more and more of life and you're going to be able to come back to more and more things and that is going to be okay. And we're going to be able to guide you along that process. In rehab, what we tend to do is think about things very linearly, where we say, okay, we're going to do range of motion passively, range of motion actively, maybe in combination with some isometrics, and then we're going to load through range. I think that's a huge mistake. And you guys can give me your thoughts on this. I feel like, you know, Ice talks a lot about and not or, that we need to be strengthening through the range that individuals have in that moment. And then as they gain more range, we're gonna continue giving them strength in the upper ranges that they are now gaining, right? I think waiting to exercise through range or strengthen through range actually deconditions the joint more, and it ends up being a huge issue. We see this all the time in rotator cuff post-op management, right? There's a protective phase that now, thankfully, a lot of the surgeons in my area are not prescribing to, thankfully. And then we go range of motion first, and then we go strengthening through range, and then getting that strength in those upper ranges, especially over 90 degrees, is a bear in rehab. And where I have seen a shift in my practice, and I've seen better outcomes anecdotally from it, is that I am strengthening through range and with weight bearing earlier, and they're gaining their strength back a lot faster. And so I think this and not or approach to orthopedic post-operative rehab is going to be important. Now, I acknowledge that I'm in an outpatient setting and I'm going to be seeing people who probably have a little bit more musculoskeletal reserve going into surgery than others who are in skilled nursing facilities, et cetera. But that means that your deconditioning effect is going to be that much more detrimental, right? When I have a person who doesn't have a lot of reserve going into surgery and then I see that dip postoperatively, that is going to be very, very impactful for them versus my person who has more reserve going in. And so it makes me not change my stance, but actually be more diligent about my loading principles in that early postoperative period because that deconditioned individual cannot handle more deconditioning. And we see this all the time, right? It's why our hip fracture research is so poor. You know, we have those statistics that if you break your hip and you need a, or if that your 50%, 50% of people who have that surgery end up in a nursing home or don't end up making it over a year or whatever that may be. And that's likely because they have a period of deconditioning on a deconditioned person that creates a lack of reserve around that joint. And then they aren't able to come back from it. So our role in rehab becomes even more urgent where we need to prevent that from happening, right? We, we can't wait. on a lot of those things. Obviously weight-bearing status is going to be one of the things we have to be mindful of, but being able to strengthen a joint around non-weight-bearing status in order to try and reserve as much capacity around the hip and pelvic musculature as we can is going to be really, really important. So I hope all of that made sense, right? We have this gap and I want us to have so much strength in our convictions around how important it is for us to push back against these guidelines. Yes, it's scary, right? We don't like pushing back against medicine because sometimes I think we are not as confident as we should be in our doctoral level education and our evidence is on our side. And so we don't have to be jerks about it, but we have to acknowledge that our outcomes could be so much better. And I want to let you center in on the fact that you are the expert here. The surgeon is the expert in the actual surgery. You are the expert in managing them after. That handoff should be seamless. And it is important for us to advocate. And until we advocate and have respectful conversations that, yes, are scary, yes, your heart rate is going to be up, yes, you're going to feel like you have that adrenaline going through your system, but have the evidence in your back pocket Acknowledge your scope of practice and your skill set and make sure you are there to best serve your older adults. All right, that is my rant for today. If you were trying to see us live in person over the summer, Julie is in Virginia Beach, July 13th, 14th, so this upcoming weekend. Jeff Musgrave is up in Victor, New York, July 20th and 21st. And the entire crew is up for MMA Summit in Littleton, Colorado, July 27th and 28th. So if you were looking to see us on the road in the month of July, you have a couple of opportunities. If you're hoping to get into our online courses, our next MMOA level one starts August 14th. We are just finishing up our last cohort and we have a bit of a break for the summer. And then our advanced concepts level two course is starting October 17th. So I hope you all, I want to know your thoughts around this. Am I going crazy? Am I on the same boat or same page as you all? And what can we do collectively to make this a little bit better? All right, have a wonderful week everyone and we will talk to you all soon. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.

Dr. Jeff Musgrave // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty member Jeff Musgrave discusses how to help older adults understand the value in practicing falling as well as tips for increasing confidence & helping older adults set positive expectations for a meaningful experience. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION INTRODUCTIONWelcome to the PT on Ice Daily Show. My name is Dr. Jeff Musgrave, Doctor of Physical Therapy. Proudly serving as part of the older adult division and super excited to be bringing you some more conversations, some more topics regarding older adults. In particular, I think a big swing and a miss oftentimes for older adults when we're thinking about balance and falls training. So much of our time is focused on falls prevention, preparing someone for falls prevention and trying to keep someone from having a fall, which is awesome. We need to do that. It's very important. There's a lot at stake for older adults and we want to prevent as many falls as possible. but we really should not stop our falls training there. So there is a lot of great research to show that we can help improve confidence and reduce injury risk if we can actually prepare someone to fall. And there are two big steps there. So if we're going to go beyond this falls prevention into falls preparedness, there's two pieces. One is getting someone up and down from the ground is a key thing for building confidence and something we need to do if we're planning to do any falls landing with anyone. So just so we're clear, I'm not gonna be covering floor transfers today. I am gonna be talking about strategies. If maybe you've learned how to do these things and you're not sure how to create a successful session regarding falls landing. So I did mention that there is some literature showing benefits for falls landing, because maybe that's new for you. You're like, yeah, I'm not so sure about that. There was a study that came out in 2019 by Moon et al, where they took older adults and they taught them a tuck and roll strategy. So the reality is everyone that got exposure to falls landing using a tuck and roll strategy were able to do two things. One, reduce the acceleration speed of their head hitting a cushioned mat, but also the impact force, the ground reaction force is on their hips. So when we're thinking about trying to reduce head injuries, head, neck, spine injuries, as well as reducing fracture risk. We can do that successfully with a tuck and roll strategy. They found that older adults, after only just two sessions of learning a tuck and roll strategy, were able to reduce their head acceleration speed by more than 40%. 40% slower of their head hitting the floor, or in this case, a crash pad. The other thing they were able to do was reduce that hip ground reaction force by 33%. That's huge, and I especially want you to think about, we know that 30% of adults fall each year. We don't wanna say you're older, so we know that you're going to fall, but we do want them to be aware that there are things they can do to reduce their injury risk. We can teach that, and we want to keep in mind that a lot of our older adults, because of deconditioning, have become frail. They've lost muscle mass. They don't bounce back from injuries as quickly as they should because they've lost reserve and don't have that extra beyond what they need to live daily life physically or within their balance, so they are more likely to fall, and they're more likely to get hurt when they fall, causing a catastrophic injury. So we think about the people in our caseload that are the most frail, they probably, in a lot of ways, have the most benefit from these fall landing strategies, because they're the most likely to have a life-altering fall. Because I think most of the time we think, well, this is just for the people who are super healthy, super strong already. But those people are the ones that are more likely to be okay if they have a fall. The people that really probably need this the most and need it most urgently are those who are the most frail, the most weak. They have the most to lose and are the most likely to get injured in a fall. So I really want to advocate that we find the right strategy for the right place to start these strategies for older adults. And I've got a few tips to try to create a successful session for older adults if you're teaching fall landing for the first time. So I'm not going to be going through the mechanics of how to do that. That is something we go through in depth in our in our live course and teaching that, but I do want to help you set the stage for how to make this a successful session, first time teaching fall landing strategies. VALUE IN PRACTICING FALLS So the first thing is value. Your patients are probably gonna need to be sold on the value, like why in the world would we practice falling? Because it sounds risky and you as a provider may be perceiving risk too. And there is some risk involved. We need to have a very calculated mindset of risk versus reward that's also gonna help us dictate at what place do we start these fall landing strategies. So what's the game? We can prevent head, neck, and spine injuries. We can prevent those hip fractures, likely, if we can teach an effective falls landing strategy. So I wanna let them know that they can learn they can reduce their injury risk. They need to know that it's really possible, it's been studied, people have done it, and if you've already been doing this with your clients, you can share success stories of how you've done this with other people, that it went fine, but you also need to keep in mind the individual characteristics of the person in front of you. I'm not saying carte blanche, like take these people, drop it like it's hot, hit the mat, hit the floor with everyone. If you have taken our live course, you know that there are lots of ways to scale this to make it really easy and very non-intimidating, very low risk. And I'll share a couple of those at the end. So first thing you've got to do is you've got, they've got to know the value. Why would I want to learn this? What could be made better? Reducing their injury risk is the biggest sell here. And even if they're not having lots of falls at this point, we do want to keep in mind with populations that have degenerative neurological conditions that we know are progressive in nature, whether it be MS or Parkinson's disease, falls are frequent. They happen very often. And if they've got the motor control and the ability to learn and do those things now, we want to teach them early rather than later. And get those grooves nice and deep. Get those motor patterns. so that they can access them when they need to. So value is the first thing. What's the value to the patient? You're gonna have to sell them on this. Should be a pretty easy sale because our older adults are thinking about falls and the consequences all the time, whether they've had a catastrophic fall or they've had a friend or family member that's had a catastrophic fall. So that should help set the stage. SET POSITIVE EXPECTATIONS FOR A MEANINGFUL EXPERIENCE The second thing is you wanna set positive expectations. They're gonna need to borrow some confidence from you. You have got to come in confident. You've got to know where you're going to start with the person you're planning to teach fall landing. What is going to be a positive experience for them? Where is it reasonable for them to do this? How many reps? How irritable are their symptoms? We gotta think about those things, but we also wanna share the positive experiences we've already had with others. Hey, I've done this with lots of people. I know it sounds scary. Meet them where they are. They probably wanna hear that you know that they're scared. Or they may be a little concerned. Maybe we don't want to say fearful or scared. But, hey, I realize this could sound scary, but I want you to give this a shot. I'm confident you can do this. We can do this without irritating your symptoms. It's not going to be as exciting as you're imagining. I know what you're imagining in your head. We're not going to be just dropping it like it's hot. We're not going to be hitting the floor. We're not going to hit a hard surface. We're going to teach you all the mechanics. We're going to do it nice and slow, and we'll progress as you're ready. So set those positive expectations, let them know kinda how the progression's gonna go, and that you're gonna be starting very simple, very easy, with just learning the positions, and then from there, you can scale it up and make it more challenging. So value first, positive expectations, and then the last piece, which if you've been following the older adult crew for a while, you've probably heard, but is a huge key with older adults for building their confidence, and that is intentional under dosage. You may have someone who's super active. independent, relatively robust, but you still wanna start fall's landing in a scenario that's gonna set them up for success. We want those successful reps early on to build their confidence so we can invite them along on this journey towards more challenge and more challenging options for fall landing. So we can add complexity, we can add more height to these fall landings so that they can really build their confidence, and take this journey with us. So to give you, I think it's gonna make more sense to give you some examples of how to do this. So intentionally underdosing for something like a backwards fall could simply be done from a recliner. You're a home health clinician, you've got a patient who tends towards backwards falling. You can get them at the edge of the recliner and you can have them tuck their chin and then fall back into the recliner. With the recliner up maybe. Maybe it's completely upright, They are seated, chins tucked, and we're gonna have them slowly work on landing from there. From the recliner, you could tilt it back a little bit and do the same thing. You could progress it all the way from an upright position, slowly falling backwards, to 45 degrees, to all the way flat. You could do this in home health in their favorite spot, which for a lot of our clients in the home health setting is in their recliner. Maybe you're in a clinic setting and you want to introduce a backwards fall landing. You can do that from a seated position with a big wedge. So you imagine that 45 degree wedge, their butt is sitting at the edge of it. You're going to have them tuck their chin and then work on landing backwards, sending the arms out. But they're only doing a very small range of motion. They're not in the floor. They're not Worried about being in the floor, you're not having to teach that getting up and getting down, you can do that from a seated position, which is beautiful. I don't know too many of our clients that would not be successful from a seated position, even our older adults who are pretty frail and are medically complex. If they can go from a seated position to a lying position safely, they can work on a backwards fall landing, and they'll be successful. For our clients who are more advanced, say that goes really well. Maybe we have them go from a standing position and just have them sit and then rock back with their chin tucked. That would be a very easy progression. Once again, not getting them in the floor. They may have had a traumatic experience in the floor. They may feel like the floor is lava, just like the game we played as kids. So we wanna keep in mind, we can scale these things and make it very easy, but you should intentionally underdose your fall landing strategy. Give them options that are super easy. I'll give you a couple examples for forward fall landing. So if you're gonna work on forward fall landing, at least the way that we teach it in the older adult division, there are lots of ways to teach fall landings. But a couple of the key things are, dispersing the load across the forearm and turning the head. You can work on just the motor control of tying these two movements together, getting onto the forearms and turning the head, or even just getting in that position from a seated position, just the mechanics. This is what we're gonna do. This is not scary, this is not hard. You can do this with someone who's super fearful, just working on the mechanics. Then from there, you could do it from a standing position to an elevated mat or some type of soft surface. So even just from a standing position, very slowly working on getting the forearms down and turning the head. It's not complicated. It's not scary. There's basically no risk there. And it could be as slow as you're ready for. After that, once you're comfortable with that, you could speed it up a little bit. Let them try to get very, a little faster down to their forearms with a head turn. From there, you could work on a quadruped position. So hands and knees, maybe on a mat table, super soft mat table, firm enough that they're not having difficulty with their wrist being in that fully extended position. But a mat table could be a great spot, or if you're in the home health setting, You could do this onto a countertop. You could put your Airex pad on top of the countertop and work on that forward fall landing. Once they're good there, you could move this to a bed. And we've not even talked about going from standing all the way down to the floor. So just keep in mind, fall landings are very scalable. Our older adults need to know how to fall, especially if they're frail. It's our job to figure out what's a correct scaling option. They need to know we need to do three things. They need to understand the value. They need to also know that this can be done successfully, that you have been successful doing this with others, that you have maybe practiced yourself based on their specific scenario. And then the third thing is you're gonna intentionally underdose this. You're gonna make sure those first reps are very easy, very easily digestible in small steps, going very slow, and you're gonna progress it gradually as they feel comfortable. And it's really that simple, team. You just have to know all the scaling options and start super simple. I hope that was helpful. I hope you didn't hop on here expecting that I was going to show you step-by-step the fall landing piece. That is something we teach in our live course. I would highly recommend if that's new for you to hop in a live course and we'd love to teach you. But that's an idea of how to set up a session for success. First time someone's learning fall landing techniques, those are the steps you want to take. If you've got experience with this, I would love to hear from you. Are there other strategies that you use that have been helpful for that day one fall landing? SUMMARY Team, if you're interested in what's going on in the older adult world, we've got our next cohort of MMOA level one, our eight-week online courses starting August 14th. We still got some seats there. So if you've not taken online level one, that will be happening soon. Level two course, just want to warn you, it does not come around as often in the last cohort sold out. So if you've taken level one, you're preparing to take level two, you're interested in our next spot, that's going to be October 17th, get your spot. They're probably going to sell out again. If you're trying to catch us on the road, maybe this fall landing thing really struck a chord with you, that's something you would like to add to your toolbox. We'd love to teach you how to do this across a continuum of the spectrum of older adults, their functional ability and whatever setting you're in. We can teach this stuff in any setting and we'll show you how to do that. The next live course is gonna be Virginia Beach. That's gonna be the 13th of this month, and then I'm gonna be in Victor, New York on the 20th, and then after that, the entire older adult team is coming together for MMOA Summit. You'll see almost our entire faculty teach this content, be together to ask us questions, pick our brains. You're gonna have tons of value there because you're gonna have so many people to help you answer your questions and go through these different techniques, and that's gonna be on the 27th in Denver, Colorado. Team, I hope this was helpful. I would love to hear your questions, comments, thoughts on this. And other than that, team, have a wonderful Wednesday and we'll see you next time. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.

Dr. Dustin Jones // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Dustin Jones shares tips to make HIIT more objective, being diligent with monitoring vital signs, and underdosing high-intensity with medically complex patients when needed. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION INTRODUCTION Hey everybody, Alan here, Chief Operating Officer at ICE. Thanks for listening to the PT on ICE Daily Show. Before we jump into today's episode, let's give a big shout out to our show sponsor, Jane. in online clinic management software and EMR. The Jane team understands that getting started with new software can be overwhelming, but they want you to know that you're not alone. To ensure the onboarding process goes smoothly, Jane offers free data imports, personalized calls to set up your account, and unlimited phone, email, and chat support. With a transparent monthly subscription, you'll never be locked into a contract with Jane. If you're interested in learning more about Jane or you want to book a personalized demo, head on over to jane.app.switch. And if you do decide to make the switch, don't forget to use our code ICEPT1MO at sign up to receive a one month free grace period on your new Jane account. DUSTIN JONES Alright folks, welcome to the PT on Ice daily show brought to you by the Institute of Clinical Excellence. My name is Dustin Jones, one of the older adult faculty within the MMOA division. Today we are talking about the top tips to apply high-intensity interval training amongst medical complexity. So I think many of us have been there, right? We're working with that individual that has a whole laundry list of different diagnoses, different medications on board, maybe in a more acute setting. And we know that high intensity interval training is helpful for people. We've seen some literature, we've read some of the research, but what does it actually mean to apply this amongst a very complex situation? All right. So we're going to cover, some key takeaways from a super helpful article that was published last year in 2023 in the Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal titled, Putting It All Together, An Evidence-Based Guide to High-Intensity Interval Exercise Prescription for Patients with Complex Comorbidities. And I really appreciated the team that wrote this article because it is difficult to navigate, right? Like, we will see some of these headlines of high-intensity interval training proven to be effective in the ICU, for example, or HIT being effective with folks that have recently suffered from a stroke. Some of these things we typically wouldn't associate high-intensity interval training with, but it's been shown to be effective. Now, when we go to apply that, it can be rather intimidating, right? I can speak to this mainly from the home health setting where The trend in home health is that people are getting discharged from more acute settings like the hospital a little too soon, right? So you have these very medically complex individuals in their home with very limited monitoring, medical support if something goes awry, and all the negative thoughts and what coulds, right? What could happen starts to creep into your head, and that can dramatically influence our intervention. Let's talk about three, I've got three main tips for y'all, things that I have learned through mainly mistakes in my career, but then also what this article talks about. One is objectify, two is monitor, three is, I'm gonna save that one for last. BE OBJECTIVE WITH HIGH-INTENSITY TRAINING All right, so the first one, we go to apply high intensity interval training. We need to be objective. Here's what can typically happen. You read an article, you maybe hear a PT on Ice daily show podcast, see a social media post like, all right, I'm going to use this with Betty tomorrow. All right, Betty, we're going to do high intensity interval training. And you're already working on gait training, for example. with Betty and so you're going to be like all right Betty I want you to go fast for 30 seconds and then I want you to walk slow for 30 seconds we're going to do that for a total of 10 minutes right great start I love what you're doing there you got a one-to-one work rest ratio it's already a goal that Betty has to improve her ambulation ability, maybe even distance endurance. Awesome. But what typically happens, right? She goes to do her fast walk. What does that actually look like? Is it fast? Or is it just slightly faster than her normal or a slower walking speed? All that I'm saying here is when, say ambulation, when we aren't objectifying it, when we aren't giving people a number to hit, to look to, to get that real-time feedback loop, they will often undershoot their intensity. This is where the ergometers that many of us have access to can be very, very helpful. A lot of these things are, they're collecting a lot of dust in a lot of clinics, to be honest, right? Like the new step. It's either collecting dust or we're throwing people on there for 20 minutes while you finish your notes or they take a nap, right? We got our recumbent bike. Maybe you have a rower, maybe you have an echo bike, maybe you have a ski in your clinic, but these are functionally all ergometers that are measuring work, they're measuring speed, they're measuring distance traveled. Those are objective metrics that we can use for dosage, that we can use to give people that target to try and hit to make sure you're reaching an intensity. Right, RJ, outpatient, has an Echobike. Echobike, you look at that screen, you've got calories, you've got watts, you've got your revolutions, right? You've got your distance. These are all things that we can use to set a goal to achieve appropriate intensity while we're performing our intervals. So RJ, for example, with the Echobike, it may be watts, right? You may say, pick a number of watts that you're trying to hit. during that 30-second interval and then it's going to be 30 seconds easier, 30 seconds rest for maybe like a total of 10 minutes with someone. Giving them that objective thing to look at is going to be so much more effective than just quote-unquote saying go faster, all right? NuSTEP has the same thing, right? Many of you all have already, I shouldn't say wasted the money, the NuSTEP can be helpful with certain patient populations But my gosh, the price per square foot of a NuStep is absolutely ridiculous. But if you already sunk the money and have one, freaking use it, man. That thing has all kinds of data and information that we can use to really redeem the NuStep, redeem that piece of equipment and achieve a higher intensity. All right? That's the first one. We need to objectify what that high intensity actually looks like. Use ergometers. If you don't have the ergometer, maybe use something like a percentage of a heart rate, for example, some other metrics that we can use to objectify. MONITOR VITALS Speaking of heart rate, number two is going to be monitor. Now, this is what really allows us to apply higher intensity intervals with medically complex individuals, is when we are monitoring Vital signs and signs or symptoms. Vital signs are absolutely huge especially in so many acute settings. Hopefully many of you all are getting them at rest initially, hopefully at least bare minimum at the initial evaluation, right? But when you're working with more acute individuals, you have these complex comorbidities. We need to be checking vitals every visit, but then when we're applying these high intensity intervals, it can be very helpful and advantageous for you to check vitals before, during exercise, and then after to gauge their response. Now I'm not saying check every single vital sign, right? But there's gonna be some pertinent ones based on who you're working with, right? So like if I have someone that is constantly cruising, you know, in the 150s over 90s blood pressure, they're pretty hypertensive. It's not managed terribly well. They sometimes have some symptoms, but a lot of times it's asymptomatic. I'm going to be checking blood pressure pretty regularly. I'll also be checking their heart rate as well. And I can do that during, and before, during, and after an interval. That's where these ergometers can be really helpful. Like a new step, for example, when I program that interval, they're working hard, but then they have that rest. That rest is when we check our vitals. I'll support their arm, get a manual blood pressure reading, and you're going to be able to gauge their response and make sure that you're in a safe zone, right? And the way we like to think about these zones is we like to think about them as traffic lights. So there's a red light in terms of things that you may see where we're going to stop exercise and a yellow light where we're going to be cautious but proceed and then green is just full send. We go into those in our Level 2 course, related to resting vitals, exercise vitals, signs and symptoms as well, related to high-intensity interval training. But for our purposes here, we want to monitor during, so you'll have a good idea of how they're responding. Another one is if someone has some type of cardiopulmonary issue, then a pulse ox can be really helpful, looking at oxygen saturation. We can see their response, make sure we're good to go, and we can adjust our dosage based on that. when we're able to monitor those vital signs it's going to give you an objective view of what's actually happening and I don't know about y'all but here's what typically happens with me is I may throw someone on a new step for example a recumbent bike and we're doing high intensity interval training and I know they've got some cardiopulmonary issues on board, some things that I'm somewhat concerned about, and I literally tell them to go hard. I may give them, you know, hit this number of watts during these hard intervals, and I literally am closing my eyes, crossing my fingers, praying to the rehabilitation gods that something bad doesn't happen. But if we're able to monitor and get that objective information, you can rest assured that you're giving that person exactly what they need, and it is safe. UNDERDOSE THE HIGH-INTENSITY FOR MEDICALLY COMPLEX PATIENTS Alright, so first we need to objectify it, second we need to be able to monitor it, and then third and the counterintuitive one, but it's the reality when we're going to apply high-intensity interval training amongst medical complexity, is that we need to underdose. I hate to say it y'all, but we need to underdose. Oftentimes, I'm not gonna say always, but oftentimes these folks are have a lot on board, right? And from the medical side, but then also from the psychological side, you take someone that has been given the diagnosis of heart failure and imagine what that feels like, right? You may have some perspective of what that actually means, a prognosis of that and what people can continue to do with a diagnosis like that. But there's so many individuals that will get these seven syllable medical diagnoses and they literally view it as a death sentence and they're actively falling apart right in front of your eyes. And that is not necessarily the case. There's a lot of psychological damage as well as physical damage along with these medical complexities. And it can be very advantageous when you introduce something novel and new like high intensity interval training to do it in a very approachable manner. This is where I am typically when I'm introducing I may use something like a subjective report, like an RPE, a rating of perceived exertion. That goes against the first thing I said, right? I told you you need to objectify it, but maybe initially, we want them to be a little bit more in the driver's seat and give them that RPE. You may say, I want you to go hard, I want you to go fast, I want you to go at a seven out of 10, RPE of 10 is your all-out effort, right? Initially, I think that is helpful. But we don't want to stay there because most of the time, people's true high intensity doesn't necessarily match up with their perception of high intensity. And that's where we need to be objective to calibrate that. But initially, I think under dosage, self-report can be very, very helpful. We also need to consider what these high-intensity intervals can do to people outside of our session, right? I learned this the hard way way too many times in home health, where we'd have this epic session. We'd be gone for about 20, 25 minutes, high-intensity intervals, you know, doing steps or ambulation, and then we do some transfer training. I'd take them, walk them out to their mailbox and back. They haven't seen the sunshine in weeks. Man, it was an epic session. And then I come back in a few days. What has that person done since that session? Nothing, right? They weren't able to do their laundry. They weren't able to do any tasks around their home. they were laid up because I absolutely gas them. And so we want to be able to leave gas in the tank for many of these individuals to be able to do things that are really important to them like ADLs, like IADLs, maybe a certain social function, right? And so when we start with that under dosage, you will be able to tweak and progress without impacting the rest of their life too much. which is really important. Many of you all may not have experienced that, right? I think many of you all probably did MRF, right? Memorial Day, high volume, you're working real hard for, you know, 40, 50, 60 minutes, maybe more if you're me, right? How'd you feel after that, right? Many of you all, myself included, were absolutely wiped and that's what a 10-minute session can do for some of these individuals. SUMMARY So, We may want to introduce it in an underdosed manner, see how they respond, make it approachable, and then gradually progress it from there. Then we start to objectify it, give them that target for, I want you to hit this many watts, for example, or this many revolutions per minute. And then we continue to monitor their vitals before, during and after those intervals, and you've got a potent cocktail that can really influence people's functional capacity, but then also the disease process that they are suffering from, and most importantly, it can be safe. All right, let me know your thoughts. Let me know any tips that you have from applying high-intensity interval training amongst medical complexity. I would love to hear from the folks in the ICU, in acute care, in skilled nursing facilities, in acute rehab, where you're dealing with a lot of medical complexity. Love to hear from you all. Drop in the chat on this Instagram video, or if you're watching on YouTube, if you're listening on the podcast, we're grateful for you listening. Hop on social media, and I'd love to hear your take as well. Hope this was helpful. I'll also put the citation for the article, the really helpful article, in the comments on Instagram as well. All right, hope you all have a lovely rest of your Wednesday. Go crush it, and I'll talk to you soon. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett as she discusses experiencing loss, processing grief, and its impact on being a geriatric clinician. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION INTRODUCTIONHey everyone, Alan here, Chief Operating Officer here at ICE. Before we get into today's episode, I'd like to introduce our sponsor, Jane, a clinic management software and EMR with a human touch. Whether you're switching your software or going paperless for the first time ever, the Jane team knows that the onboarding process can feel a little overwhelming. That's why with Jane, you don't just get software, you get a whole team. Including in every Jane subscription is their new award-winning customer support available by phone, email, or chat whenever you need it, even on Saturdays. You can also book a free account setup consultation to review your account and ensure that you feel confident about going live with your switch. And if you'd like some extra advice along the way, you can tap into a lovely community of practitioners, clinic owners, and front desk staff through Jane's community Facebook group. If you're interested in making the switch to Jane, head on over to jane.app.switch to book a one-on-one demo with a member of Jane's support team. Don't forget to mention code IcePT1MO at the time of sign up for a one month free grace period on your new Jane account. CHRISTINA PREVETT Hello everyone and welcome to the PT on ICE Daily Show. My name is Christina Prevett. I am one of the lead faculty within our geriatric division and today I want to talk a little bit about grief. This is kind of a personal conversation, but it's also one that I think is really important when we are working with older adults. So personally, I've kind of been speaking a little bit on my social media. I lost somebody very close to me very recently. So I lost my godmother. She was my aunt. She was in my top 10 list of favorite people and she was somebody who had battled cancer a long time ago. They found out a couple of weeks ago that she had a metastasis in her brain and her first radiation she didn't do very well and she passed away like very very suddenly. And to say that this rocked me, like, I don't know if I'm going to keep it together on this podcast. I'm going to try. But to say that this rocked me was like an understatement of the world. And it was devastating. I'm still not OK. And it made me think a lot about grief. So I am 34 years old. And over the last two and a half years, I have lost three people that are really close to me. I lost an uncle that was my dad's best friend, my aunt who was my mom's best friend, which means that they were around us all the time, and I lost my grandmother who I was really close to. And as I was reflecting on this most recent loss, which my aunt was probably the closest person that I have ever lost, I reflected a lot on the process of grief and I thought a lot about how my older adults must feel. And so it reminded me of a conversation that I had with my grandmother. So my grandmother passed away just shy, a month shy of her 98th birthday. She lived a very long life. Her husband was alive until he was 93. And she was just this incredible role model of successful aging. somebody who was able to keep cognitive capacities, physical capacities in the realm of what she wanted for a very long time. And I was having a heart-to-heart with her one time, and I'm sure many of you have had similar conversations with loved ones that have lived a long life. And I said, you know, Grandma, I want to be like you and live to 100, because at that time I was certain she was going to be a centurion. And she turned to me and she said, you don't really want to live to 100. And I asked her why, and she's like, because everybody around you is dead. And to be somebody at, I'm 34 years old, to have had this feeling of accumulated loss, I'm only starting to potentially scratch the surface of what she could possibly mean and what all of our or so many of our older adults may be experiencing in their life. And so while I feel the acute sting of losing somebody really close to me, what I'm also like really recognizing is that there's also a accumulation effect that weighs heavily on my heart around having multiple people that I've been really close to that have passed away. And if I am feeling that at 34, I can only imagine how many of my older adults are feeling when it comes to, you know, they've lost parents, all parents, both parents, their in-laws' parents. They may have lost siblings or, God forbid, kids. Like there's friends and family, like you know, there's jokes around how our older adults are one of their social calls is going to funerals because they experience loss around them so frequently. And I never truly appreciated, I think, how much of a toll that would take on an individual's soul and their experience in some of their zest for life until I felt like some of the accumulated effects over a relatively short amount of time of experiencing a significant amount of loss. what this got me to think about is the way that we interact with grief with our older adults. And when we, really as a culture, how we interact with grief. And so I had one of our TAs, Rachel Moore, she's one of our lead faculty for Pelvic. We were having conversations about this and she said, you know, it's so interesting because everything else just keeps going and you feel like you're stuck in this loop of, oh my gosh, this person has left. And it's true, right? We are with individuals in that short amount of time where we're doing funeral preparations and all those types of things, but that grief weighs heavily on a person's soul and on a person's mind. And we don't really teach individuals how to deal with grief. And when it comes to older adults, we oftentimes think that this is such a normal part of the aging process that I don't think we ever truly hold space for individuals when they are dealing with grief. And so when I was reading a book called Breaking the Age Code, this really came front of mind. So we talk at an MMOA about the psychosocial considerations of working with older adults, about how it can be so great for us to put a heavy deadlift in their hand or get them getting up off the floor for the first time in a decade. And all of those things are really wonderful. But if there are other buckets that are just leaking because they do not have the financial resources, the mental resources, or the skills in order to help with these big buckets that are truly just hemorrhaging, then we're not really gonna give them the best type of care. And when I was reading a book called Breaking the Age Code, it really came front of mind for me about this. where when we look at mental health disorders, and not to say that grief is not a very healthy expression of sadness, but Becca Levy, who wrote The Code Breaking the Age Code, she's the one that we talk about with all of our ageism literature. She wrote a section in this book, her book on mental health, and she talks a lot about how the knee-jerk reaction with our older adults is to give them anxiolytics and antidepressants, without truly leaning into grief and leaning into talk therapies and conservative cognitive behavioral therapies that can just be so, so beneficial when we're working with our older adults. And she described some literature where she actually said, you know, many of our older adults may do even better with talk therapies than some of our younger individuals do because they're creating that connection so intensely. are craving those skill sets that they need in order to make it through their day because their grief is so heavy and your grief doesn't just last for two weeks. And so I was reading, kind of thinking about all this and the weight of grief and the thoughts around grief and how this relates to our older adults and how personally this is relating to me. I started reading a book called The Collected Regrets of Clover and there was a couple of things that they really talked about that I think is helpful for the way that I'm approaching now or thinking about approaching conversations with some of my older adults that I am working with who are experiencing loss or who have disclosed to me that they have lost a lot of people that are close to them. This book is it's fiction. It is so beautiful. It talks about a woman who is a death doula who basically comes and supports individuals through the end of their life. Similar to how a postpartum doula would help a new baby come into the world or a pregnancy postpartum doula, a death doula helps people end their life and end their life on their terms. And they talk about how when we're thinking about grief, First, it's this large weight that is on their frame. And as time passes, that big backpack turns into a purse. And what she's saying is that your grief is always carried with you, but the weight of it becomes easier to carry with time. It never goes away, but we start to be able to function in some ways with it. And I think that's really such a powerful thing to speak to. And when we are working with our older adults, they may be holding a lot of purses. They may be carrying a lot of bags of loss in the non-literal sense that can create this expression of apathy or a lack of engagement, which can sometimes create this space where it may be hard for individuals to engage with us in rehab. sometimes being able to dig deep into some of those considerations and create resources for them can be one of the best things that we can do. And so in this book, she had this quote and I read it on my Instagram a couple of weeks ago, but I'm going to read it to you now. And then we're going to finish off this podcast with a couple of things that I'm thinking about as a geriatric clinician to recognize that there is a lot of grief with our people that we are working with that we cannot see that are influencing who they are and how they show up in the world. And so in this book, this was literally the fifth page in. So if you're a fiction reader, this is such a beautiful book, but they said the most important thing is never to look away from someone's pain, not just the physical pain of their body shutting down, which we see all the time in rehab, right? But the emotional pain of watching their life end while knowing they could have lived it better. Giving someone the chance to be seen at their most vulnerable is much more healing than any words. And it was my honor to do that, to look them in the eye and acknowledge their hurt, to let it exist undiluted, even when the sadness was overwhelming. And so to put this into the context of rehab, I think there's a couple of things that I can think of as a clinician. And the first is that physical vulnerability and emotional grief, they are challenging to navigate. And we want to recognize that not only are we working with individuals who have low physical reserve, but there is an emotional piece of recognizing the loss of physical capacities and the emotional load of the loss of people that love them and they loved. as they get older. So my dad is 67. He has lost his mom, his brother, his best friend, and another friend from school in the last two years. And he's like, this might be it for me. All these people that I planned my retirement with are no longer with me. And I don't want to go to the golf courses anymore. I don't want to engage in physical activity because the people that I wanted to engage in physical activity with are no longer there. diving deep into some of those conversations, we say at MMOA to get truly curious, but not only physically curious about the things that drive individuals, but emotionally curious about maybe some of the things that are holding them back. And I think that can be a really, really wonderful way to get into some of the barriers and recognize that it's a little bit more complicated than them just not wanting to engage in doing squats with us, right? And so that's kind of number one. Number two is it's heavy for us to be able to listen to things that are really sad, but we can have a very big role in trying to mend and heal some individuals who do not have somebody to talk to. We have a loneliness epidemic in our older adult spaces, really all over our generations, but that is compounded, that loneliness is compounded when the people that you are not lonely with have passed away. And so recognizing trying to create resources, whether that is resources within the community like seniors associations or gyms where individuals can connect and have new kinships, especially in the face of loss when they are ready to. is one way for us to create resources and networks. But additionally, having a person that you can refer that is a psychologist, a talk therapist, a psychiatrist too, but where the knee-jerk reaction isn't just prescribing medications. And I am not anti-medication, do not mishear me, but I think that the addition of, you know, our conservative side, we talk about how we are not anti-surgery, we are conservative management forward. Why are we not applying this same mindset when we are working with our older adults who are dealing with really heavy emotions and maybe have never been taught how to deal with grief? I am a parent who is trying to not hide, but make appropriate the work that, you know, of grief and grief processing with my five-year-old. And I am acutely aware of trying to teach her skills to manage sad emotions. But so many of our older adults don't, they don't have those skills. And so it's important for us to recognize some of those resources. And so where I'm going to challenge you all today is one, to lean into these conversations if you have them with some of your older adults. But two, is to do a quick Google search to see if you can find a talk therapist in your area that you could have in your referral network when these conversations do come up. And inevitably, if you're working in geriatrics, the concept of grief and loss will come up. I recognize that in the United States and in Canada, one of the hardest things is finding someone who's in network or taking Medicare and finding somebody who doesn't have a super long wait list. I totally recognize that. It may require a little bit of digging deeper and that can oftentimes be one of the biggest barriers for individuals seeking care through talk therapy and why our primary care physicians are leaning into med management. But sometimes, you know, the best thing we can do is try and find some providers, find individuals who work with older adults on the regular, and try and create those bridges and those connections when appropriate. All right, I hope you found that helpful. I kept it together pretty good, I think, considering all things considered. If you are looking to get into some of our older adult live courses for the summer, we have a couple of opportunities coming up. Our last opportunity in June is in Charlotte, North Carolina with Julie. That is June 22nd and 23rd. In July, we have three courses going. We have Virginia Beach, July 13th, 14th. Jeff Musgrave is up in Victor, New York, July 20th and 21st. And if you truly want the full experience of all of our MMOA faculty and staff, we have our MMOA Summit where Dustin and I are going to be teaching the course, but all of our teaching assistants and other lead faculty are going to be there. That is going to be in Littleton, Colorado, July 27th, 28th. That is going to be a super fun time if you are interested in hanging out with all of us and geeking out about older adult care, like that is the time to take MMOA Live. So if you have any other thoughts, questions, concerns, let me know. If you want to share some of your grief journey, I am all ears because It has been quite the couple weeks that I know that I'm just at the front end of this journey and I'm not gonna shy away from it. And it's definitely given me some new perspective as a geriatric clinician. Even when I thought I kind of had done my research and I've been in a lot of experiences talking about grief, it is so different when you're experiencing it yourself. All right, hope you all have a wonderful week. Signing off now, bye. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.

Dr. Jeff Musgrave // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult lead faculty Jeff Musgrave discusses three tips to give older adults permission to succeed in physical therapy: acknowledge their concerns, craft experiences that ensure success, and focus on belief change. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION INTRODUCTIONHey everybody, Alan here, Chief Operating Officer at ICE. Thanks for listening to the PT on ICE Daily Show. Before we jump into today's episode, let's give a big shout out to our show sponsor, Jane. in online clinic management software and EMR. The Jane team understands that getting started with new software can be overwhelming, but they want you to know that you're not alone. To ensure the onboarding process goes smoothly, Jane offers free data imports, personalized calls to set up your account, and unlimited phone, email, and chat support. With a transparent monthly subscription, you'll never be locked into a contract with Jane. If you're interested in learning more about Jane or you want to book a personalized demo, head on over to jane.app.switch. And if you do decide to make the switch, don't forget to use our code ICEPT1MO at sign up to receive a one month free grace period on your new Jane account. JEFF MUSGRAVE Welcome to the PT on ICE daily show. I'm going to be your host, Dr. Jeff Musgrave. This podcast is brought to you by the Institute of Clinical Excellence. It is Wednesday, so it is all things older adults. So excited to be here with you today. So even if you're not treating primarily older adults, I think you're gonna find a lot of value in today's topic. So today's topic, we're gonna be discussing permission to succeed. So this is very common in the older adult space, but you're gonna see this in lots of different populations that you're gonna be treating. where because of the interactions that older adults or any of your patients on your caseload have had, they've got a very negative outlook on their ability to recover, their ability to return to the things that they love. I've seen this across acute care all the way into the fitness realm. and especially people when they first come to us in the fitness realm for training as older adults in stronger life, they will need some encouragement. They will need some reframing of what is possible and reframing of how they see themselves. So I believe that you will not get the person physically if you do not first get them mentally. You have got to build that confidence in between their ears. They've got to see and understand a path forward before you're going to get the body on board. So I would love to share with you today some tips to make that just a little bit easier. I think a quote that really sets the stage for this discussion is from Dr. Justin Dunaway. We love to quote him in the older adult division and one of our favorite quotes of his is, beliefs and expectations are the foundation upon which outcomes are built. Beliefs and expectations are the outcome are the foundation upon outcomes are built. So we really have to believe that it's possible. We've got to know our patient's beliefs and we've got to set the stage for them to be successful. So, because our older adults have heard, you've got the worst case of, insert diagnosis, bone on bone, you've got degenerative disc disease, they've heard all these nocebos or noxious language that strikes fear in the hearts of our patients. Whether they're older adults or not, you're going to see this in younger populations too, but we see it a ton in our older adult population. So I've got three tips for you today to try to help move patients towards a mindset that's going to allow you to be successful. ACKNOWLEDGE CONCERNS So the first one is acknowledge. You need to acknowledge their concerns. Our older adults come with some baggage typically. They've lived more years, more decades, they've had more injuries, and oftentimes they've been told more negative things than our younger patients. They've been told You can't get better, or you'll never do X, Y, or Z again. Jog, run, swim, lift heavy things, insert the favorite activity that they love that is part of the reason they're living their life. This happens all the time, unfortunately. So, we need to hear those concerns. If it looks like we're running into a barrier where they think they can't do what your job is to help them do, we've got to ask some clarifying questions. We need this information anyway. Why do you think it's not possible for you to fully recover from this back injury? Is it a bad experience with physical therapy? Is it negative expectations that have been set from another provider? Is it an experience a friend or loved one had? And then you get the opportunity to find out what was their bout of care like? What type of treatment intervention were they getting? Was it even appropriate? Was it the right movement? Was it at the right intensity? Was it across the right duration? Was there such a huge disconnect between what they actually wanted to do and what they were being asked to do? that they didn't see the connection, they never did their home exercise program. There is so much we need to know about why they have the negative outlook that they have. And then you get the opportunity after hearing everything, because if you cut them short in this phase, you will not get them. If you don't hear all their concerns and why, you can't give them the information they need to help them bridge that gap from I can't get better to oh, maybe I can get better. You don't have to completely change their mindset in one or two visits. Unlikely you'll be able to do that anyway. What you need to do is inspire some curiosity. You need them to be curious about the possibility of getting better. If you can get them from, I don't think it's possible, to now I'm curious, you've cracked the door open and created just a little bit of hope. you may be wildly successful with this patient. So, once you've heard everything, you get the opportunity to share some success stories. And you can say, man, I hear you. I know you've been told by this provider, and I can understand based on what you've seen, based on your imaging, based on your past experience, why you would be concerned that maybe you can't overcome this. but I've seen people in your condition with this diagnosis at your age, maybe even older, maybe even less healthy than you, get over this. It's gonna take time, it's gonna take hard work and consistency, but man, how would your life be different? If you could bridge the gap to a full recovery, what would you do differently? How much better would your life be? Let's just be curious. We've got time together. Let's do this thing. So I would call that step one. Acknowledge their concerns, ask clarifying questions, share success stories. have to do that first. Let them get it all out. You want to know every objection they have so that you can tell them why they don't need to be concerned about that. CRAFT EXPERIENCES THAT ENSURE SUCCESS The second piece, your job is to craft. Your job is to craft experiences that ensure success. There are two ways that we commonly do this with older adults that I assure you work with younger adults as well. The first one is make it laughably easy. In the older adult division, we call this intentional underdosage. This could be because someone is fearful, This could be because someone just has very low confidence. This could be because they're in unfamiliar setting or they've never done any weight training before. You're getting to set the stage for them. And you can do that by building successful reps. You want to make it so easy there's no way they can fail. Ramp it up a little bit. Let them be successful. Oh man, that's awesome. You're stronger than I thought you were. Ramp it up a little more. Ramp it up a little more. But what you don't want to do here is get greedy. If you get greedy as a clinician, I've done this several times, where you're like, man, I think they can actually deadlift 100 pounds, let's see if we can knock that off the list on day one deadlifting. And then they get scared, they get fatigued, or maybe you just misjudged it, and they can't lift that up, and now you've ended on an unsuccessful rep. You've shot yourself in the foot. So when you make it laughably easy, you intentionally underdose, make it easier than what you know they can do, you want to stop short of their maximal capacity. typically on that first visit, unless you're calculating an estimated one rep max, which is a whole nother topic. If you're already familiar with estimated one rep max testing, that is not the same as intentional underdosage. We're talking day one, building confidence, okay? So that's how we're going to, that's the first way we can craft an experience to ensure success is to intentionally underdose. The second thing that we're gonna do is test retest. We're going to show them that we can be successful. We're going to identify the asterisk sign, the comparable sign, whatever you want to call it. Doesn't matter. Especially when the primary concern is pain. Often with older adults it's function, but sometimes it's still pain. So I don't know, you know, the reason I'm here is because I can't get my arm up into the top cabinets anymore. I get shoulder pain. I get stuck. It hurts. Your job as a clinician, after you do your assessment, you figure out their range of motion, their strength, you've done a solid subjective, you ruled everything out, you've got a pretty good idea of what's going on, you're gonna give them some treatment, and then you're gonna retest, right? You need to make it very clear, you need very accurate measurements, and you need to tell the patient, here's where you got to. Man, that was about here, wasn't it? and make it really clear to them. You want them to remember that first measurement because what you're going to do is you're going to make them better. You're going to use your voodoo, right? You're going to throw your darts. You're going to do some manual therapy. You're going to do some exercise. You're going to put all those components of a solid treatment together and then at the end, you're going to knock their socks off, right? They thought that their shoulder could never get better. They've already been to PT several different times or it's been 10 years since this has been going on and you're going to show them. You're going to crack the door open on a successful recovery, just enough to at least make them curious. Test, retest. So when you craft that experience, you've got two solid options here. You can Intentionally underdose, if you're looking at a strength or a functional goal, or you're gonna use test, retest. Make it very clear, be very accurate on both measurements. Make it super clear, make sure it's your asterisk sign. You're gonna show them success. You're gonna give them the experience of being successful when they walked in the door and thought they could not be successful. FOCUS ON BELIEF CHANGE And then the third thing, once you've done that, you've still got work to do. You've got to focus them. You're going to have to focus them. You're going to have to refocus them throughout the entire bout of care. These beliefs go deep. They've been going on for a long time. You're going to have to chip away at those across the entire bout of care from the first interaction to the last one. Okay, especially if these beliefs have been long standing. So once you, the bedrock of changing their beliefs is giving them a successful rep and then reminding them of that success. You would think it would be obvious. There are so many client interactions where I did not do a good job of sharing. Remember, here's where we started. You can only slide your hands down to your knees when you came in and you had searing pain down your leg. And then they're at mid-shin, or maybe almost they're touching their ankles in the first visit. When that is their comparable sign, they're like, oh no, I moved that much. like you absolutely did not, but I did not make it clear enough what was going on at the beginning to show you how you progressed. So you need to make that painfully clear. After that, you need to remind them of their progress. Each visit, remember where you started. Remember where you started. The first day you walked in, you thought that it was going to be impossible to lift up this 10-pound weight from an elevated surface. You looked at that weight. You stared at it. You looked at me. You looked back at the weight. You were like, this is not happening. And then what happened? You walked up, you moved that thing. You got several reps. We even got up to 15 pounds that first time. You didn't think you could do 10. You thought that was out of reach. Now you're lifting 30 pounds. 30 pounds. You have had a 300% increase in your functional ability. Incredible. Now you're doing it off the floor. Think about how that opens up your life. How many things in your life weigh 20 to 30 pounds? Now you're doing it for reps. Think about all the things you can do now that you could not then. And the reality is, our patients aren't gonna have this nice, linear progression. So the third step on focus is going to be to share with them, these are a couple of my favorites I like to use, is progress is non-linear. We like to think it's just going to go up and up and up and every visit is going to be a smashing success. It's going to be the most you've ever done. It's going to be incredible. But that is not the case. We know that it's more like a good stock in the stock market. A really solid stock has got down days. and your patients are going to have down days. Medically, especially with older adults, they tend to be more medically complex. If you've got a progressive neurological condition, you've got someone with MS, and they're going through an exacerbation, there may be two weeks where there's flatline progress or reduction, but if it's still above where they started, you need to highlight that. Yeah, but we're not where we started, and we know this is going to end. And then we're going to start climbing again. And when we back up and look at this picture, it's going to be off the charts. When we back up, we've still got a solid line going up that day. So the other quote is, every day is not going to be your best day. Come in and give me what you got. That gives our patients permission to do what they can. And sometimes that is enough to crack the door open on a really solid recovery. I love this quote. Now, I'll share it with you. It comes from a spiritual realm, so I'll share that and then I'll give you the bit for it. So, a man with an experience of God is never at the mercy of a man with an argument. A man with an experience in God is never at the mercy of a man with an argument. So, if we reframe this around our patient's beliefs and expectations, their argument of I can't get better, we're gonna chip away at that by producing these successful experiences, building on success. We're gonna chip away at those beliefs. It's like, man, I know you thought you couldn't do it, but you've already done it. You're already someone you didn't think you were. SUMMARY And that's what I've got for you, team. So three steps to give your patients permission to succeed. One, acknowledge their concern. You've got to listen well, ask clarifying questions, know all the barriers that are in your way, and you're going to push those out of the way with success, stories of sharing how you're going to be different. Second thing is you're going to craft successful scenarios. You're going to ensure success, whether it's an intentional underdosage or test-retest. You're going to show them what they didn't think could be done. You're going to do it. Not you, they're going to do it. They're going to be the ones that are going to show themselves. those experiences, and then you're going to focus them on that success. You're going to focus on the long game, how their life's going to be different. You're going to be highlighting how those little incremental changes are going to change their life. And over time, you're going to change their beliefs, their expectations about themselves, and you will change the way they age. You will change their life if you can do those things. Team, if you've got other strategies, if you found any of these things helpful or you've got other strategies you want to share, I'd love for you to drop that in the comments. If you're watching this on Instagram. If you want to learn more about what we're doing in the older adult division, our next cohort of level one is going to start August 14th. Level two, the last cohort completely sold out. So just so that's on your radar. It doesn't come around as often, but that next cohort is going to be October 17th. I'm going to be in Houston, Texas this weekend. We still got some seats. If you're in the area, you don't want to miss it. It's going to be an absolute blast. Then the 22nd of June, we're going to be Charlotte, North Carolina. Then I'll be back in Victor, New York on July 20th. And team, after that, we're going to have an MMOA Summit the following weekend. So that's going to be 727 Denver, Colorado, MMOA Summit. Almost all the faculty is going to descend on Denver, Colorado, and bring you the goods. Team, I hope you have a wonderful Wednesday. We will see you next time. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett discusses the management of urinary incontinence in the older male, implications for function, and quality of life. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION INTRODUCTIONHey everyone, Alan here, Chief Operating Officer here at ICE. Before we get into today's episode, I'd like to introduce our sponsor, Jane, a clinic management software and EMR with a human touch. Whether you're switching your software or going paperless for the first time ever, the Jane team knows that the onboarding process can feel a little overwhelming. That's why with Jane, you don't just get software, you get a whole team. Including in every Jane subscription is their new award-winning customer support available by phone, email, or chat whenever you need it, even on Saturdays. You can also book a free account setup consultation to review your account and ensure that you feel confident about going live with your switch. And if you'd like some extra advice along the way, you can tap into a lovely community of practitioners, clinic owners, and front desk staff through Jane's community Facebook group. If you're interested in making the switch to Jane, head on over to jane.app.switch to book a one-on-one demo with a member of Jane's support team. Don't forget to mention code IcePT1MO at the time of sign up for a one month free grace period on your new Jane account. CHRISTINA PREVETT Hello everybody and welcome to the PT on Ice daily show. My name is Christina Prevett. I am one of our lead faculty in our geriatric division and today I am hoping to talk a little bit about urinary incontinence in the older male. A lot of times we focus a lot of our conversations around pelvic health on the female side of the sex spectrum. But today I really want to talk about males. We talk a lot in MMOA, especially in our Level 2 course where we do an entire segment on pelvic health for the older adult. around how every clinician is a pelvic floor clinician. And the reason why we say that is because if you're interacting with hip and low back pain, then you're interacting with the pelvic floor as part of our core canister. And urinary incontinence is a leading cause of institutionalization and a very big reason why some people may not want to engage in the dosage of exercise that they need in order for them to gain the independence that they're hoping to gain. And so we really want to make sure that we are at least doing our due diligence in screening. When we are working with individuals, we wanna know if there's any urinary incontinence on board. And then we wanna talk about what is going on with respect to the male aging pelvis and how that interacts with signs and symptoms like urinary incontinence. So the biggest, biggest, getting bigger area of the male pelvis where there's a lot of conversations around its impact with age is the prostate. So we do know that there is an enlarging of the prostate that occurs with age. And the main roles of the prostate is to create seminal fluid and help with propulsion of ejaculation of that seminal fluid when mixed with the sperm when achieving orgasm. And what we recognize is that as individuals age, there is a growing of the prostate, an enlargement of the prostate that occurs. that is called benign prostatic hyperplasia. Now this is non-cancerous. This is not a malignancy. This is a part of aging physiology in the pelvis. And what we recognize is that there's also a lot of discrepancies of if this is something that we need to worry about or not. So enlargement of the prostate happens in almost every human with a penis. And it can be associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. In the literature, sometimes it's called BPE, benign prostatic enlargement. If it is associated with symptoms, that is not always consistently done, but there is screening that can happen. And then that enlargement, if it does have cancerous tissues in it, now we're thinking prostate cancer and individuals are going for screens for malignancy in the prostate, and then leading to potentially intervention, including radiation and, or radical prostatectomy. And I've done podcast episodes on radical prostatectomy before. When we're thinking about lower urinary tract symptoms, that can include stress urinary incontinence. And oftentimes in males, because of the length of the urethra, the level of incontinence is significantly less than in the female pelvis. So only about 5% of individuals over the age of 65 have incontinence. And usually it is as a consequence of conditions like radical prostatectomy. So it can be radical prostatectomy. Individuals can have pelvic fracture trauma. Some neurodegenerative conditions can also have a urinary condition associated with it. And so usually there's a precipitating event, not always, but most of the time there is some sort of precipitating event that has happened around the pelvis that has led to urinary incontinence. For example, when you have a radical prostatectomy, the prostate is removed. That includes the areas around the external anal sphincter. The urethra is then pulled up to reconnect to the bladder, which can disrupt the pelvic floor, the deep pelvic floor muscles that are responsible for kinking that hose of the urethra in order for a stress urinary incontinence not to occur. And so it makes sense why there's a disruption to that longer urethra can lead to things like stress urinary incontinence. When you have an older adult with stress urinary incontinence, I know it doesn't sound that, that surgery doesn't sound that great, but it is minimally invasive and people do respond pretty well to it, but we have podcast episodes on the, the surgical art of radical frost detective and what we can expect postoperatively. So when we're working with individuals, urinary incontinence is something that we may be managing and we have a big role to play in helping with post-operative or the new development of urinary incontinence. And so when we're thinking about management, we have kind of our conservative buckets, and then we have surgical management. If you are a person who's had a radical prostatectomy, the natural physiology is that many symptoms resolve within a year. So usually we are not doing any follow-up, or your urologist is not doing any follow-up surgical intervention around the pelvis until a year post-operatively with individuals post-radical prostatectomy. But we do have conservative methods that we can use in the shorter term, and hopefully to try and avoid a subsequent surgical management. And so those buckets are pelvic floor muscle training, penile clamps, and surgical intervention. And so the first and go-to knee-jerk reaction is always going to be conservative management, especially if initiated pre-operatively or pre-event, where individuals who are males get an awareness of the pelvic floor system. Because incontinence and pelvic floor issues in the male pelvis are not as common, many times education around the pelvic floor is not as widespread, individuals are not having these conversations as frequently, and then recognizing how to contract and relax the pelvic floor muscles can be something, especially if there is a training effect that we are doing with appropriate dosing, can help with mild to moderate urinary incontinence post pelvic event in the older male. When we are thinking about pelvic floor muscle training, we are trying to cue the pelvis either to stop the flow of urine, or to try and shorten the base of the penis. Those are the two cues that have been shown in research to have the highest EMG activation of the pelvic floor when trying to teach the pelvic floor contraction in an older male, and trying to get a strengthening effect with appropriate dosage. And there's some protocols in the post-radical prostatectomy world that tries to accumulate 20, 30, 40 reps. It's a bit variable, but we wanna make sure that we are getting a training effect based on where individual's baseline status is. initiating pelvic floor muscle training, seeking a pelvic floor physical therapist, or if you're okay with palpating externally, you can go kind of medial to the sits bones and see if there's a contraction of those pelvic floor muscles in the male. If you are a non-internal pelvic floor physical therapist, then you can work on some of that coordination and contraction in individuals who this is a barrier for them going out into the house. So that's kind of our first option. Our second option is a penile clamp. And so if you're aware, in the female pelvic space, we have a device called a pessary, which is inserted intravaginally, and basically what it does is it kinks off the urethra mechanically in order to help reduce symptoms of pelvic floor prolapse, or pelvic organ prolapse, rather, or urinary incontinence. We see this a lot as a conservative management in order to avoid pelvic surgery, We have a similar type of compression device for the male, but obviously there is not an intravaginal hole for our male anatomy and therefore it is placed externally. So what a pelvic clamp is, is It is attached to the mid shaft in a flaccid penis and it has a little bump on the bottom of the device. So there's a compression and on that bottom ridge, it essentially applies the same type of compression as the pessary to the bottom of the male penis in order to avoid incontinence issues. And what we see is that it can significantly reduce the number of pads or reduce the pad test, which is urine coming into a pad in a certain amount of time by weight. and the amount of subjective reports of incontinence. When we are thinking about penile clamps, comfort is going to be one of the biggest concerns where, you know, individuals, I think the last study that I was looking at was like about half of individuals reported that it wasn't really that comfy to be wearing the clamp on the shaft of their penis. It may be because of, you know, making sure that we have proper education or finding the right fit of the clamp, but something for us to be thinking about or, you know, having conversations about with the individual where we may be suggesting this conservative management strategy. And then the second thing that is a really important part for us to be considering is vascular health. We know that a lot of issues around the pelvis, including benign prostatic hyperplasia and erectile dysfunction, have a big vascular health component, aka we're screaming from the rooftops about health promotion, including around the penis. It's just super important for us to consider if individuals have poor perfusion, that even with a small amount of compression, we have to think about vascular health and skin integrity concerns. So trying to figure out who this might be the best individual to be using this type of thing with. Individuals who may really like this option are those who are very adamantly against having surgery or those who are not a candidate for surgery. So here's that double edged sword, right? Where a lot of individuals with high amounts of vascular concerns are going to be individuals who cannot undergo another surgery. They may be the ones that we are thinking about, you know, using this clamp, but we're going to make sure that we take a lot of breaks from wearing it. There was a study that was done out of Japan that was showing that individuals were able to wear it for two to three hours with a 15 minute break. and there was no adverse events to using it. Other studies have talked about doing an hour on, hour off, or using it when trying to do activities around the house. So you're kind of using it for a specific goal or task in standing to try and prevent some of that UI issue from happening. So that's bucket two. So we have our pelvic floor muscle training, We have our conservative penile clamp, and then we have our surgical interventions. And so for the two interventions for our males, we have a urethral sling, which is done through the trans or obturator foramen. And it is essentially a meshing tape that helps to apply resistance to the urethra with or without additional compression, depending on the technique that we are leveraging. in order to help keep the sphincters closed when we want them to be closed. These are indicated for mild to moderate types of urinary incontinence and not usually indicated for more severe cases. When we have individuals with more severe cases, individuals are using an artificial sphincter. So what this is, is it is a device that comes in and essentially creates a clamp with a balloon, or a cuff with a balloon rather, over the urethral opening, not the urethral opening, mid urethra, and your urine starts to accumulate in your bladder. Person's body is going to get the cue that they have to go to the bathroom, and when they go to the bathroom, they release a button in the scrotum that's placed in the scrotum, and it deflates the balloon, allowing the urethra to unkink and for urine to be able to pass through. And then the mechanism goes on a timer. So either it's between 90 seconds and three minutes, depending on the device, and that allows the urethra to be open for that amount of time. And then after that time has elapsed, the cuff closes. Yeah, it's really incredible. Like the technology is really intense. So when you're thinking about who might be indicated for using this artificial sphincter, dexterity and cognition are two big issues in an older male population where we may be thinking about, you know, are they gonna be able to get to the release mechanism on the scrotum? Are they cognitively gonna be able to do the procedure in order for the cuff to deflate? In more severe cases, this is indicated. And there is a fairly severe revision rate. So 20 to 30% will require some sort of mechanical revision, whether the device is kinked, whether there's clogs or hoses, like there is a higher chance of that happening because it's a more, it's a mechanical device, like there are moving parts. And so those parts can break down versus in a sling where you're essentially tacking up that resistance against the urethra. It's something that's a little bit more, doesn't have the same amount of moving parts. So there's a very high success rate for both of these surgeries. Infection rates and things like that tend to be fairly low and it can help to improve sexual function and be able to help individuals achieve better quality of life and physical function and is a good option for individuals who have exhausted their conservative management and have not seen the improvement that they wish to see. So if you are working with these individuals, usually the post-operative instructions are to avoid heavy lifting for six weeks. and then can start returning to moving around. It's not very smooth where individuals can get back to what? That is a conversation for another day. But overall, management can be quite good. So I hope you found that helpful around the way that this is kind of managed from a medical perspective. We can be very helpful in the conservative management piece where it can come along individuals in the post-operative piece or perioperative moment. And it's a thing that we see when we're working with our older adults, right? That we see it in geriatrics. So hopefully that was helpful and kind of fills in some knowledge gaps for you if this is not an area that you practice in all the time. All right. If you want to get all of that information in our UI section, that is in our MMOA level two. So you have to have taken MMOA level one in order to get access to our special populations because we build on a lot of questions. Thank you so much. That's so sweet of you. And we build that into level two. If you are looking to take MMOA live, we are still on the road all summer. It is nice weather, but we are visiting all over the United States. We are in Scottsdale, Arizona, June 1st and 2nd. Spring, Texas, 8th and 9th. We are getting toasty in those places. Let me tell you, I'm not doing those courses. Those are all dusted and jammed. June 22nd, 23rd, we are in Charlotte, North Carolina. And July 13th, 14th, we are in Virginia Beach. So if you are around and you want to take out live content in the summer, we got you covered. Other than that, please have a wonderful week. I hope you all are enjoying your post Memorial Day week and we will see you all next time. Bye. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.

Dr. Christina Prevett // #GeriOnICE // www.ptonice.com  In today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, join Modern Management of the Older Adult division leader Christina Prevett discusses how environmental factors influence all aspects of the aging experience, including movement, nutrition, and social interaction. Take a listen to learn how to better serve this population of patients & athletes, or check out the full show notes on our blog at www.ptonice.com/blog. If you're looking to learn more about live courses designed to better serve older adults in physical therapy or our online physical therapy courses, check our entire list of continuing education courses for physical therapy including our physical therapy certifications by checking out our website. Don't forget about all of our FREE eBooks, prebuilt workshops, free CEUs, and other physical therapy continuing education on our Resources tab. EPISODE TRANSCRIPTION INTRODUCTIONHey everybody, Alan here. Currently, I have the pleasure of serving as their Chief Operating Officer here at ICE. Before we jump into today's episode of the PT on ICE Daily Show, let's give a shout out to our sponsor Jane, a clinic management software and EMR. Whether you're just starting to do your research or you've been contemplating switching your software for a while now, the Jane team understands that this process can feel intimidating. That's why their goal is to provide you with the onboarding resources you need to make your switch as smooth as possible. Jane offers personalized calls to set up your account, a free date import, and a variety of online resources to get you up and running quickly once you switch. And if you need a helping hand along the way, you'll have access to unlimited phone, email, and chat support included in your Jane subscription. If you're interested in learning more, you want to book a one-on-one demo, you can head on over to jane.app.switch. And if you decide to make the switch, don't forget to use the code icePT1MO at signup to receive a one-month free grace period on your new Jane account. CHRISTINA PREVETT Hello everyone and welcome to the PT on Ice daily show. My name is Christina Previtt. I am one of our lead faculty for our geriatric division. I am also one of our leads in our pelvic division, but today we are going to talk about all things older adults. So I have been away for the last two weeks because my family and I took, my husband and I took a vacation to Italy. And it was the first time I've ever been in Europe. It was an incredible, incredible trip for a lot of different ways. But of course it got my Jerry brain working and reflecting on differences in culture and the way that we interact with older adults and how I saw older adults who were moving around their environment in Italy. And so, I just kind of wanted to go on today and talk a little bit about some of those differences. If you have followed the MMOA podcast, you know that Ellen and I and some of our MMOA team did a grouping of episodes around the blue zones. So the blue zones are areas around the world that have a above average number of individuals who live to 100. And it's been a big area of research and trying to figure out like the secret sauce of being able to live to a hundred. And one of them was actually in Italy. So it was in Sardinia and that was, that's not where I was. Um, I was in Rome and Maori, but a lot of the concepts and themes that they were talking about in the, that mini series and in the book on the blue zones, it made a lot of sense and it just made me highlight or see a lot of the differences in our North American culture than what we're seeing over in Europe. And Going into Rome was the craziest experience. It's so busy. It is almost impossible to drive. And then going into Maiori, which was in the southern part of Italy, we were in a very small town, not one of the bigger touristy towns along the Amalfi Coast. And it was being in Maori that I really saw some of, or I was more able to really look at how individuals are aging in different areas, in different countries, and made me think a lot about our aging experience in North America. So the biggest thing that I saw in our culture, and these are things that we cannot control, and I'm going to kind of bring this back to our course content, is It is very difficult. The environment at which a lot of the cities in Europe being so old are developed. are very walkable. They're very walkable and it almost is not disincentivized, but it's almost a net negative to have a vehicle. In Rome, for sure, it would be terrifying to drive around Rome. But even in Maiori, like a lot of the areas were very condensed in terms of the groceries and where you would grab most of your main amenities for the week. And it allowed for individuals to walk a lot of their tasks. And not only was that environment one where walking was really the main source of transportation, the environment at which you were walking was not a straight plane. This was a big area, like it was obviously had a coastal, like mountainous coastal plain. And so there was a lot of steps. And so one day my husband and I, we went on a lemon hike or a pathway of the lemons, which I became obsessed with, but it was literally a straight shot up. It was, I think we did like 17 flights of stairs to get to the pathway. for this hike and there were houses that were littered across the side and so I saw a person they were in probably their early 70s and they had groceries in each of their hands and they were gradually working their way up these steps. And a lot of the times, we know some of our recommendations for our older adults is to walk more. When you're walking around this town, you are going up and down hills. And there is an intensity to that. My heart rate was not low. And when you're adding in groceries in your hands and there isn't a handrail, it forces you almost to maintain a certain amount of physical activity in order to maintain your independence. And so the first thing that I was really, it really struck me about being in an Italian city was how the environment really was conducive to movement. And it wasn't low intensity movement. It was actually quite high intensity movement just because of the way that the city was built. And it made me reflect a lot on our thoughts of just walk more, right? Like there's a lot of debate about is walking intense enough for us to be able to incur either some physical activity benefit or to be able to maintain physical activity as we get older. And when I compare and contrast the way that cities are designed in North America that has so much more space and does not have the same historical architecture that's trying to be maintained, we don't have walkable cities in a lot of ways, right? If I think about the current city that I live in, it is very, very spread out. And it is almost impossible outside of the downtown center for you to be able to walk and have yourself walk to get groceries or pick things up. It is always the knee-jerk reaction that you get into your car and go places. And when you are walking, at least where I am, I'm not in like a beautiful area like Colorado that's all hills and mountains. It's pretty straight plain. And so When that happens, a lot of the blue zones are in areas where physical activity is forced into your day-to-day interactions. If you want to go see your friend, you have to walk up the hill to their house. If you want to get groceries, then you need to go down four flights of steps to get to the market. That is not the same. And so when we think about our industrialized cities, And the way that technology and car transportation has really changed the way that we build out different cities, what we recognize is that when our environment does not create opportunities for physical activity, that is when purposeful movement needs to be scheduled in a person's day. And I think this is a really interesting concept, right? Because the blue zones were in a lot of these areas where the environment was conducive to intense exercise, at least in a moderate intensity zone because of the way that the cities were developed. That is not true in a lot of the areas where we are practicing. And so this This dichotomy between just walk more can work, but the intensity oftentimes isn't there because of the way the environment is set up. And when that environment isn't set up to encourage physical activity throughout our day, we can very easily get into the slippery slope of sedentary behavior. And when that occurs, we have to make purposeful movement a priority in our day. And this is not just for our older adults, this is for everybody. But this is where gyms come in, right? This is where purposeful exercise programs now are coming front of mind and are becoming a really important aspect of our culture. Because so many of us now, or the people that we are working with, our older adults that we are working with, are not in gyms. those environments anymore, like that is not the way that our environments are set up. And so we have to be mindful of that when we're thinking about our interventions. So the difference in the environment and how easy it was to walk with intensity when we were in Italy was so, so different than what we see in our very typical North American cities, where you have to get into your car. That was probably one of the biggest things, is just looking around the environment and seeing just the stark differences. One of the things that I also really enjoyed watching, especially when I was in a small town in Italy, was the way that slow-paced, naturally occurring, intergenerational conversation happened. When I was walking down a street with my husband, I would look around and people would walk and they would see people in the city square and there were moms with their little kids and they were talking to older members of the community. And again, the environment made it so that this intergenerational conversation happened as a natural consequence of a person's day. And instead of rushing by each other, and maybe giving a head nod of acknowledgement if we weren't head down in our phone, people stopped and interacted. Now, I'm not saying that everybody in Europe is in this area, but definitely the area that I was in, which is very closely structured to the way that Sardinia is, I saw these interactions happen every day where you are walking down the street and they had a place to go, but they weren't so rushed that the thought of a five minute conversation was something that they could not handle, or they weren't ready for, or they weren't rushing from one place to the other. And then these social interactions occurred where you could just see this transfer of knowledge that was happening from older generations to younger generations. And there was just this sight of respect and reverence of these communications that was just so lovely to see. Again, I'm not saying the North American culture does not have that front of mind, but we live in a place where I don't know many people who stay in the very close proximity bubble of their family, right? Like I talk to clinicians every single weekend where I say, where are you from? And they say, oh, well, I'm living in North Carolina now, but my family, of, yeah, my family is in Michigan, or it's not abnormal for people to be very far away from their family or their loved ones. And the culture is so busy that even calling loved ones weekly can be something that has to take a lot of conscious effort because it's so easy to get into the rhythm and fast pace of the week that, and this is speaking to myself as well, that those stop and pause conversations with someone on the street. They're not as commonplace and especially across generations where you're seeing a mom with their little baby stop in a group of older Italian men who are playing a board game outside in the community square and you're seeing that interaction happen in such a beautiful way. And so seeing some of that intergenerational communication because of the way that the environment was set up was just so lovely to see and made me think a lot about how we have this loneliness epidemic in North America. And it is really from the fact that we are so spread out, we are so far apart, that it makes it really difficult for those interactions to happen very naturally. And it creates this spot where, you know, my grandmother had 10 children. My mom was one of 10. We don't see that size of family as often anymore. And there would be times where my mom would visit for 45 minutes, but that was the only interaction that my grandmother had throughout the day. And her kids would call, and this is not like a negative on them. It is very much the fact that, you know, the way that our culture is set up now is that those interactions don't happen very genuinely or very easily. And they take a lot of effort and there's a lot of things on our time. And so that, again, that environmental piece is like this big umbrella where the environment was set up that allowed for physical activity, but it also allowed for social interaction. And so subsequently with those two things, it being very easy, those barriers were almost stripped away for movement and for interaction. What I noticed was that the pace and stress of life was very different. So we went from Maori, we went back on a plane or on a train rather to the Rome terminal, which is a crazy busy terminal. And on the last day of our trip, we ended up going back around rush hour. So we took a six o'clock train from Salerno and we went to Rome. So we ended in Rome around 7.30, which is peak prime time. And if anyone has been in a train station or taken public transportation, I used to go into Toronto and Union Station is a very big hub. Toronto is a very big center for commuting. So the GO train is very busy. And if you are in Union Station around rush hour, It is true chaos. People are trying to get on the train, but they're still on the clock, so they're on their phones. There is a rush to get a seat. It is stressful. You find out 10 minutes before, which is similar to the Rome Terminal, about where you are going, and it is a rush. It is so busy, and there is this stressful environment that is in the air, and people get so used to it because they do this every single day. Their commutes are really long. I was kind of expecting to see that in Rome, right? Like Rome is a very big central hub for Italy. It essentially mimics what we see in Toronto or other big city centers. But even though people were dressed and heading to work, that stressful environment wasn't there. People were walking casually to their job. They were not racing. They were not running. And it made me think about the underlying stress that our culture and our community is under. and how this translates into our aging experience. Like what is our nervous system primed for when we are in a very high stress state all of the time? And then we retire after being in that high stress state for 40 years and go into retirement, right? There is a well-known statistic that there is an increased incidence of health events in the year following retirement. And there's a lot of conversations around, you know, purpose and drive and changes in status. But maybe part of that is that you're changing your sympathetic drive so drastically that your body is having a hard time adjusting and it can show underlying issues. The stress piece on our culture in North America, even in the busiest centers of Rome, like the chaos of the Colosseum or around the Basilica, it was not there. Like that feeling of underlying stress and tension for having a group of people who are all very hastened and rushed to get into a lot of different places, despite Rome being crazy busy with tourists, like they were telling us about the millions of people that come into Rome every year for tourist related activities. And it was wild to me to see how much of a difference, even with that amount of tourist attraction, even with that bustle and busyness, that that underlying stress was not there from even people who are local to Rome, who are working in Rome. And so I think about how that presence of stress for us in middle age, what does that do on the system or on the resiliency of the system with age? And so Again, the change in the environment really was opening up my eyes to a lot of the things that we see in our fast-paced cultures and made me reflect a lot on how that changes a person's aging experience. And when you are forced to do movement and you retain a certain amount of physical capacity, and that allows you to engage in life, that allows you to live at a pace that is amenable for your mental health, and you're surrounded by, honestly, so much beauty, it just makes me think about how Italy can so easily create successful agers. And I'm not saying that North America can't and that the US and Canada can't, but it definitely takes more effort, I think, in North America. I think we need to think a lot more about the way that we are aging and the way that we are interacting with our environment, with our people, and make a conscious effort to engage in physical activity, engage in purposeful interactions, engage in a pace of life that works for us and our family. And that is just so ingrained and it is so easy to do in Italy because of some of the cultural considerations that are there when we are working or we are seeing individuals interact. Now, of course, I am the outsider looking in, I am an aging researcher who just finds this super fascinating, but I want to know what your guys' thoughts are. If you've visited Europe, especially if you've been in a small town in a European country Do you see those differences? How can we think about the way that the environment in a lot of European countries and cultures is set up to make successful aging a little bit easier? How can we create that with our people? How can we create that type of environment that makes successful aging easier, that makes successful aging for us easier? Because that environmental switch it just takes away a lot of the work of it. Like there was no processed food in the markets. If you wanted to get processed food, you would really have to look hard for it. And that was in Rome too, right? There wasn't a ton of candy, like there was pastries and things like that, but you were making it when you were in Maiori. And it just, it made some of those health promoting decisions easier to make and more intuitive. So it made me think a lot about that. I have had an incredible time, but seeing some of the older adults in Italy was definitely one of the highlights for me and seeing just the way that they interacted. All right, if you are aiming to get into one of our MMOA live courses, we have two courses going up this weekend. So I'm going to be in Bismarck, North Dakota with Trissa. We are also in Richmond, Virginia this weekend. June 8th and 9th, we have a smaller course in Spring, Texas. So if you're looking for a lot of one-on-one time and attention from the instructor, that is Jeff Musgraves going to be out there in Spring. So really encourage you to jump into our live course. Today is the last day to sign up for MMOA level one. So if you are hoping to get into our online course, that is your last opportunity is going to be today. We get started this week on the circle platform on our ice physio app. I'm super excited for that and all of the newness of the app. If you have any questions or comments, I want to hear about your European aging experiences. Let me know. Otherwise, have a really wonderful week, everyone. And I'm going to get off here before Alan kicks me off. OUTRO Hey, thanks for tuning in to the PT on Ice daily show. If you enjoyed this content, head on over to iTunes and leave us a review, and be sure to check us out on Facebook and Instagram at the Institute of Clinical Excellence. If you're interested in getting plugged into more ice content on a weekly basis while earning CUs from home, check out our virtual ice online mentorship program at ptonice.com. While you're there, sign up for our Hump Day Hustling newsletter for a free email every Wednesday morning with our top five research articles and social media posts that we think are worth reading. Head over to ptonice.com and scroll to the bottom of the page to sign up.