Sparking Connections

Throughout history war has had a massive impact on the lives and health of people around the world. This week Kim and Esmé look at how historical wars played a part in what we understand today as public health. This episode gives an insight and background for episodes in the Autumn Journal Series also by Sparking Connections. For References and more information: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode-22-historic-wartime-and-public-health

The key word for this episode is juxtaposition. We look at the next 6 cantos of Louis MacNeice's Autumn Journal where he describes a coming war compared to his everyday life and how parts that once seemed strange have now become the new normal. For more information and references visit: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode-21-autumn-journal-part-2

Ever wondered where the first ideas of Science came from or who developed the first scientific hypothesis? Kim and Esmé discuss this and more about the Ancient Greek philosophers who were considered the first thinkers in science. For references and more visit: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode-20-the-scientific-method

Autumn Journal by Louis MacNeice is a long poem documenting a portion of MacNeice's life that is touched by war. This personal account begins to reveal the link between the personal and the political and the impact that has on storytelling. For references and more visit: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode-19-autumn-journal-part-1

Ever wondered about how they enrich cereal or how rice can have added vitamins and minerals, it is probably a GMO crop. In this episode, Kim and Esmé discuss Genetically Modified Organisms and the benefits and drawbacks of alterations made to consumable goods on a genetic level. For more information and transcripts: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode-18-gmos

In part 1 of episode 15: Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius, Esmé and Kim discussed a fascinating short story by Jorge Luis Borges, subjective idealism, the relationship between language and thought, and weird thought experiments involving coins. Join us for part 2, in which we will be looking at this story through the lens of stylistics, specifically focalisation, modality, and speech presentation. For transcript and Bibliography go to: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode-17-tln-uqbar-orbis-tertius

Endemic disease is disease that exists steadily in the population and did you know that the UK has a bunch of endemic diseases? This week we discuss what makes a disease endemic and how there is always a social aspect to determining disease status. We also discuss the loss of the UKs Measles elimination status and what can be done by the community to reduce the spread of disease. For references and more information please visit: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode-16-endemic-disease-of-the-uk

In part 1 of episode 15: Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius, Esmé and Kim discuss a fascinating short story by Jorge Luis Borges, subjective idealism, the relationship between language and thought, and weird thought experiments involving coins. Join us soon for part 2, in which we will be looking at this story through the lens of stylistics, specifically focalisation, modality, and speech presentation. For transcript and Bibliography go to: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode-15-tln-uqbar-orbis-tertius

This week Kim and Esmé discuss how a cure for Herpes could also mean a cure for other currently incurable viruses. We talk about self-limiting infections and how viruses can be incurable. Kim also teaches Esmé about latency and how that allows viruses to hide in the body potentially forever! Show Notes Reference Article: https://www.lunduniversity.lu.se/article/antiviral-method-against-herpes-paves-way-combatting-incurable-viral-infections#:~:text=Researchers%20at%20Lund%20University%20in,which%20have%20previously%20been%20targeted. For more information and transcripts visit: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com

In this episode, Esmé and Kim discuss Mary Shelley's 1817 novel Frankenstein, the uncanny valley, irresponsible scientists, and artificial intelligence. Show Notes More information, references and transcript at: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode

Immortality is in the realm of supernatural but this week we determine how much of it is potential science. This week we discuss how ageing can be reversed and what our body does to help keep us from ageing for as long as possible. We also discuss a disease that gives your cells immortality but it isn't necessarily a good thing... It's a pretty common disease too. Transcript and full show notes on the website: pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com Show Notes Chang, H. M., Shirron, P. and Baudouy, B. (2020) Cryogenics. Available at: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/cryogenics(Accessed: 24 July 2020). Crew, B. (2018) World's First Head Transplant Volunteer Could Experience Something ‘Worse Than Death', ScienceAlert. Available at: https://www.sciencealert.com/world-s-first-head-transplant-volunteer-could-experience-something-worse-than-death(Accessed: 24 July 2020). Heinrich (no date) Tracking cancer's immortality factor, EurekAlert! Available at: https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-06/uom-tci060220.php(Accessed: 24 July 2020). Hewings-Martin, Y. (2017) How many cells are in the human body? Available at: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318342(Accessed: 24 July 2020). Kamal, S. et al. (2020) ‘The secrets of telomerase: Retrospective analysis and future prospects', Life Sciences, 257, p. 118115. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118115. Lytal, C. (2015) USC scientist ponders the possibility of immortality, USC News. Available at: https://news.usc.eduhttps://news.usc.edu/83760/usc-scientist-ponders-the-possibility-of-immortality/(Accessed: 24 July 2020). Parry, B. (2004) ‘Technologies of immortality: the brain on ice', Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. (The Brain in a Vat), 35(2), pp. 391–413. doi: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2004.03.012. Petralia, R. S., Mattson, M. P. and Yao, P. J. (2014) ‘Aging and longevity in the simplest animals and the quest for immortality', Ageing Research Reviews, 16, pp. 66–82. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.05.003. Ridout, K. K. et al. (2017) ‘Chapter 18 - Telomeres and Early Life Stress', in Fink, G. (ed.) Stress: Neuroendocrinology and Neurobiology. San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 185–193. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-802175-0.00018-8. Rubin, L. G. (1997) ‘Cryogenic thermometry: a review of progress since 1982', Cryogenics, 37(7), pp. 341–356. doi: 10.1016/S0011-2275(97)00009-X. Vollset, S. E. et al. (2020) ‘Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenarios for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study', The Lancet, p. S0140673620306772. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30677-2.

Join Esmé and Kim in a discussion of WF Harvey's short story 'The Lake,' the cultural role of detective fiction, and the subversion of literary tropes, as well as an introduction to structuralist theory. Show Notes Here are the words and names Esmé failed to pronounce! Fabula and sjužet, Ferdinand de Saussure, and Elyan Segal. The Sherlock Holmes story referenced was called 'The Creeping Man.' Barry, Peter, Beginning Theory: Workbook and Guide to Contemporary Literary Theory (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1995) Evans, Christine Ann, ‘On the Valuation of Detective Fiction: A Study in the Ethics of Consolation', Journal of Popular Culture, 28.2 (1994), 159 Haard, Eric de, Narrative and Anti-Narrative Structures in Lev Tolstoj's Early Works (Rodopi, 1989) Harvey, W. F., ‘The Lake', in The Beast With Five Fingers, ed. by David Stuart Davies (Wordsworth Editions Ltd, 2009) Knox, Ronald, ‘Introduction', in The Best Detective Stories of the Year, 1928, ed. by Ronald Knox and H. Harrington (London: Faber and Gwyer, 1929) Miller, Tyrus, Late Modernism: Politics, Fiction, and the Arts Between the World Wars (University of California Press, 1999) Segal, Eyal, ‘Closure in Detective Fiction', Poetics Today, 31.2 (2010), 153–215 Todorov, Tsvetan, ‘The Typology of Detective Fiction', in The Poetics of Prose, trans. by R. Howard (Oxford: Blackwell, 1966)

This episode Kim and Esmé talk about the conspiracies surrounding privacy and the internet and about the government having all your personal and GPS information. Just Kidding! This week we discuss how technology is being used to track and understand how some diseases move throughout a population and the benefits of these kinds of technological advances. Transcript at: pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com Show Notes Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). ‘Home'. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/[Accessed: 24/6/2020] Encyclopedia.com. (2020) ‘Epidemiology, Tracking Diseases with Technology'. World of Microbiology and Immunology. Available at: https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/epidemiology-tracking-diseases-technology[Accessed: 24/6/2020] Hofman A. (2010). ‘New studies, technology, and the progress of epidemiology'. European journal of epidemiology. 25(12). pp 851–854. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-010-9531-8 Mahadeva S. (2020). ‘The Rise of the Robots – Technology in epidemiology and pharmaceutical research'. The Oxford Scientist. Available at: https://oxsci.org/the-rise-of-the-robots-technology-in-epidemiology-and-pharmaceutical-research/[Accessed: 24/6/2020] National Health Service. (2020). ‘NHS test and trace: how it works' Coronavirus Guidance, NHS. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/guidance/nhs-test-and-trace-how-it-works[Accessed: 24/6/2020] Sherr Ian, Nieva Richard. (2020). "Apple and Google are building coronavirus tracking tech into iOS and Android – The two companies are working together, representing most of the phones used around the world". CNET. Walko J. (2020) ‘Mobile Phones to Track and Trace Coronavirus'. EE Times. Available at: https://www.eetimes.com/mobile-phones-to-track-and-trace-coronavirus/#[Accessed: 24/6/2020] World Health Organisation. (2020). ‘Home'. Available at: https://www.who.int/ [Accessed: 24/6/2020]

In this episode, in their discussion of Sonnet 1: The Partial Muse by the Romantic poet Charlotte Smith, Kim and Esmé talk about the relationship between poets and their readers, paratexts, and writing about being really sad. Show Notes: Transcript at: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/transcript-episode-9-the-partial-muse Poem Source: http://www.famouspoetsandpoems.com/poets/charlotte_smith/poems/4245 Bibliography Brooks, Stella, ‘The Sonnets of Charlotte Smith', Critical Survey, 4.1 (1992), 9–21 Dolan, Elizabeth A., ‘British Romantic Melancholia: Charlotte Smith's Elegiac Sonnets, medical discourse and the problem of sensibility', Journal of European Studies, 33.3-4 (2003) 237-253 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0047244103040416 [accessed 20 March 2018] Fletcher, Loraine, Charlotte Smith: A Critical Biography (Springer, 1998) Labbe, Jacqueline M., ‘Selling One's Sorrows: Charlotte Smith, Mary Robinson, and the Marketing of Poetry,' The Wordsworth Circle, 25 (1994), 68-71 Morton, Timothy, ‘John Keats: Romantic Consumerism 3', Romanticism Spring 2009 UC Davis [accessed 30 September 2018] Roberts, Bethan, ‘Literary Past and Present in Charlotte Smith's “Elegiac Sonnets”', Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, 54.3 (2014), 649–74 Smith, Charlotte, ‘Sonnet 1', in Romanticism: An Anthology, ed. by Duncan Wu, 4th edition (Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012), p. 88 Smith, Charlotte, The Poems of Charlotte Smith, ed. By Stuart Curran, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993). Wu, Duncan, ed., ‘Charlotte Smith (Née Turner) (1749-1806)', in Romanticism: An Anthology, 4th edition (Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012)

Show Notes: *Note* I couldn't find the specific book we were talking about but there are many books and articles talking about the gender gap in clinical trials and medicine Unethical Trials: https://www.history.com/news/the-infamous-40-year-tuskegee-study, https://www.history.com/news/birth-control-pill-history-puerto-rico-enovid References: "6 Stages of Vaccine Development." Institute of Medicine. 1993. The Children's Vaccine Initiative: Achieving the Vision. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Doi: 10.17226/2224 CDC (2018). ‘Understanding How Vaccines Work'. CDC – Vaccines – Conversations. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/conversations/downloads/vacsafe-understand-color-office.pdf. [Accessed: 23/5/20] European Vaccine Initiative. (2020). ‘Stages of Vaccine Development'. UniversitätsKlinikum Heidelberg. Available at: http://www.euvaccine.eu/vaccines-diseases/vaccines/stages-development[Accessed: 23/5/20] Science Direct Database Entry: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/vaccine-development Le TT, Andreadakis z, Kumar A, Roman RG, Tollefsen S, Saville M, Mayhew S. (2020). ‘The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape'. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 19. pp 305-306. Doi: 10.1038/d41573-020-00073-5 World Health Organisation. (2020). ‘Rabies'. International Travel and Health. Available at: https://www.who.int/ith/vaccines/rabies/en/[Accessed: 23/5/20]

Revenge! Murder! Incest! In episode 7 of Sparking Connections, Esmé and Kim discuss the Caroline revenge tragedy 'Tis Pity She's A Whore,' by John Ford. Show Notes: For more information and Transcripts please visit: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com Boehrer, Bruce, ‘“Nice Philosophy”: 'Tis Pity She's a Whore and the Two Books of God', Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, 24.2 (1984), 355–71 Bowers, Rick, ‘John Ford and the Sleep of Death', Texas Studies in Literature and Language, 28.4 (1986), 353–87 Champion, Larry S., ‘Ford's 'Tis Pity She's a Whore and the Jacobean Tragic Perspective', PMLA, 90.1 (1975), 78–87 Clerico, Terri, ‘The Politics of Blood: John Ford's “ 'Tis Pity She's a Whore”', English Literary Renaissance, 22.3 (1992), 405–34 Cooper, Farah Karim, and Tiffany Stern, Shakespeare's Theatres and the Effects of Performance (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2015) Diehl, Huston, ‘Inversion, Parody, and Irony: The Visual Rhetoric of Renaissance English Tragedy', Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, 22.2 (1982), 197–209 Forker, Charles R., ‘“A Little More Than Kin, and Less Than Kind”: Incest, Intimacy, Narcissism, and Identity in Elizabethan and Stuart Drama', Medieval & Renaissance Drama in England, 4 (1989), 13–51 Gleason, John B., ‘The Dutch Humanist Origins of The De Witt Drawing of the Swan Theatre', Shakespeare Quarterly, 32.3 (1981), 324–38 Hopkins, Lisa, ‘Speaking Sweat: Emblems in the Plays of John Ford', Comparative Drama, 29.1 (1995), 133–46 Hoy, Cyrus, ‘“Ignorance in Knowledge”: Marlowe's Faustus and Ford's Giovanni', Modern Philology, 57.3 (1960), 145–54 Jephson, Valerie L., and Bruce Boehrer, ‘Mythologizing the Middle Class: “'Tis Pity She's a Whore” and the Urban Bourgeoisie', Renaissance and Reformation / Renaissance et Réforme, 18.3 (1994), 5–28 Kaufmann, R. J., ‘FORD'S TRAGIC PERSPECTIVE', Texas Studies in Literature and Language, 1.4 (1960), 522–37 Kistner, Arthur L., and M. K. Kistner, ‘The Dramatic Functions of Love in the Tragedies of John Ford', Studies in Philology, 70.1 (1973), 62–76 Martin, Matthew R., ‘The Raw and the Cooked in Ford's “ 'Tis Pity She's a Whore”', Early Theatre, 15.2 (2012), 131–46 Maus, Katharine Eisaman, ‘Horns of Dilemma: Jealousy, Gender, and Spectatorship in English Renaissance Drama', ELH, 54.3 (1987), 561–83 Mikesell, Margaret, ‘The Formative Power of Marriage in Stuart Tragedy', Modern Language Studies, 12.1 (1982), 36–44 Sasayama, Takashi, ‘The Decadence of John Fordʹs Tragedies', in English Criticism in Japan: Essays by Younger Japanese Scholars on English and American Literature, ed. by EARL ROY MINER (Princeton University Press, 1972), pp. 101–14 Sensabaugh, G. F., ‘John Ford and Platonic Love in the Court', Studies in Philology, 36.2 (1939), 206–26 Silverstone, Catherine, ‘Sexing Death: Giuseppe Patroni Griffi's “ 'Tis Pity She's a Whore”', Shakespeare Bulletin, 29.4 (2011), 559–72 Smith, Emma, and Garrett A. Sullivan Jr, The Cambridge Companion to English Renaissance Tragedy (Cambridge University Press, 2010)

Kim talks to Esmé about eradication of diseases and how it's not as easy as you think to carry out. We also talk about vaccination and the lack of other possible ways to eradicate a disease. Finally, listen out for mentions of Smallpox, Rinderpest, Polio and Measles and how they have been eradicated or why they haven't been removed yet. Show Notes: 3 Blue 1 Brown. (2020). ‘Simulating an Epidemic'. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gxAaO2rsdIs&feature=youtu.be. [Accessed: 25/4/2020] CDC. (2020). ‘History of Smallpox', Smallpox. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/history/history.html.[Accessed: 25/4/2020] Roser M, Ochmann S, Behrens H, Ritchie H, Dadonaite B. (2020). "Eradication of Diseases". Our World in Data. Available at: https://ourworldindata.org/eradication-of-diseases.[Accessed: 25/4/2020] U.S Department of Health and Human Services. (2020). ‘Vaccine Types'. Vaccines.gov. Available at: https://www.vaccines.gov/basics/types. [Accessed: 25/4/2020]

Esmé and Kim discuss the legends of Merlin and Arthur in the context of Mary Stewart's The Crystal Cave. They talk about teenage Merlin, the context of the name Ambrosius and how these legends are rooted in the same fictional text. View the Transcript: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/crystal-cave Show Notes: *Correction* Esmé repeatedly says "Aurelius Ambrosius" for the historial general when they actually mean "Ambrosius Aurelianus." Full Show Notes on pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode-5-the-crystal-cave

This week to take our minds off of the Covid-19 Lock down in the UK, Kim talks to Esmé about some odd science stories that she found. Join them in discussing the common ancestor of all animals, laughing at Narwhal tusks and having an existential crisis when realising how large the universe is. *Correction* When Kim talks about the immediate planets to our sun she means Solar System not Galaxy Show Notes: Find the transcript at: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/episode-4-4-science-stories Story 1 – Worms: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200323152108.htm Story 2 - Narwhals: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200317215624.htm Story 3 – Bone Circles: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200316204633.htm Story 4 – ‘Hubble Bubble': https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200320192753.htm For more information visit: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/

In episode three of Sparking Connections, Esmé and Kim discuss Sarah Perry's 2016 novel The Essex Serpent, male-female friendship, autism, and the importance of names, with a brief detour into fandom and shipping (I promise it's relevant…) Show Notes: Transcript can be found at: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/transcript-episode-3-the-essex-serpent Buckley, Linda H, ‘Toward a New Mythology of Eve: Women, Men and Friendship in Victorian Literature as Seen Through Sarah Perry's The Essex Serpent' (Georgetown University, 2018) [accessed 2 November 2020] Harrison, M. John, ‘The Essex Serpent by Sarah Perry Review – a Compulsive Novel of Ideas', The Guardian, 16 June 2016, section Books [accessed 11 February 2020] Jenkins, Henry, ‘Fan Fiction as Critical Commentary', Henry Jenkins [accessed 10 February 2020] Perry, Sarah, ‘Reading Lessons of a Religious Upbringing without Modern Books', The Guardian, 2 July 2014, section Books [accessed 11 February 2020] ———, The Essex Serpent: The Number One Bestseller and British Book Awards Book of the Year, Main edition (Serpent's Tail, 2016) Quinn, Annalisa, ‘“The Essex Serpent” Spreads Its Wings', NPR.Org, 2017 [accessed 11 February 2020] Saner, Emine, ‘The Essex Serpent Author Sarah Perry: “Kids at School Found Me Strange. I Didn't Mind”', The Guardian, 31 July 2016, section Books [accessed 11 February 2020] Sontag, Susan, Illness as Metaphor (Vintage Books, 1979) the tumblr post about autism and changelings: https://hazeldomain.tumblr.com/post/180938754851/oockitty-coldalbion-grace-and-ace Visit https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com for more podcast episodes and discussions.

Kim talks to Esmé about the current Coronavirus outbreak of Covid-19. They talk about how quickly science moves and what a Public Health Emergency of International Concern actually means. Show Notes: Transcript can be found at https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/transcript-episode-2-coronavirus Original News Story - Science Daily: University of Southampton (2020) Potential Global Spread of New Coronavirus Available at: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/01/200129091359.htm[Accessed: 24/2/2020] Video Link: World Health Organisation. (2020) Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). 31/1/2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019[Accessed: 24/2/2020] Initial Transmission Report: Shengjie Lai, Isaac Bogoch, Nick Ruktanonchai, Alexander Watts, Yu Li, Jianzing Yu, Xin Lv, Weizhong Yang, Hongjie Yu, Kamran Khan, Zhongjie Li, Andrew J Tatem, (2020) ‘Assessing spread risk of Wuhan novel coronavirus within and beyond China, January-April 2020: a travel network-based modelling study' medRxivDoi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.04.20020479 Latest information on Coronavirus around the world: Situation Reports Clinical Symptoms and Diagnostics: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/hcp/clinical-criteria.html Huang, Chaolin et al. () ‘Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China' The Lancet. 395(10223). Pp497-506. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5 Define a Public Health Emergency of International Concern : https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/international-health-regulations-and-emergency-committees Press Briefing: https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/t0221-cdc-telebriefing-covid-19.html Busting Myths about Coronavirus: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/myth-busters Further Information can be found at: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections

In the first ever episode of Sparking Connections, Esmé walks Kim through one of their favourite poems: John Keats' 'Ode to a Nightingale.' They discuss paradoxes, dreams, contemporary criticism, and how Lord Byron was... a lot. Transcript can be found at https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/episode-1-ode-to-a-nightingale-transcript Show Notes: Ode to a Nightingale By John Keats: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44479/ode-to-a-nightingale References: Image of letter from Lord Byron can be found at: https://pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections/episode-1-ode-to-a-nightingale Bate, Walter Jackson, and Maura Del Serra, Negative Capability: On the Intuitive Approach in Keats, trans. by Dominic Siracusa, Revised ed. edition (New York: Contra Mundum Press, 2012) Bennett, Andrew, Keats, Narrative and Audience: The Posthumous Life of Writing (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994) Gittings, Robert, ed., Letters of John Keats (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970) Wu, Duncan, ed., Romanticism: An Anthology, 4th edition (Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) Recommended Further Reading: Morton, Timothy, ‘John Keats: Romantic Consumerism 3', Romanticism Spring 2009 UC Davis [accessed 30 September 2018] O'Rourke, James, Keats's ‘Odes' and Contemporary Criticism (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998) Further Information can be found at: pleaseholdfor.squarespace.com/sparkingconnections