Podcasts about Oenothera

Trying to grow grass in the deserts or other dry places can seem like a losing battle. As a result, many people who live in such climates will use rocks, gravel, or man-made materials as groundcover instead of grass. 尝试在沙漠或其他干燥的地方种草似乎是一场失败的战斗。 因此，许多生活在这种气候下的人会使用岩石、砾石或人造材料作为地被植物，而不是草。 But there are several tough, low-growing groundcovers that perform well in dry climates. They may not be able to survive the foot traffic that fake grass can. But they appeal to environmentally helpful insects and in many cases make your property look better. 但有几种坚韧、生长缓慢的地被植物在干燥气候下表现良好。 它们可能无法像假草那样承受人流。 但它们会吸引对环境有益的昆虫，并且在许多情况下会让您的财产看起来更好。Desert marigold, or Baileya multiradiata, is one such plant. The groundcover has pretty yellow blossoms and silver leaves. They bloom in the spring. The plant requires very little water. However, it lives only one season. People who want desert marigold must plant it every year. 沙漠万寿菊（Baileya multiradiata）就是这样的一种植物。 地被植物有漂亮的黄色花朵和银色叶子。 它们在春天开花。 该植物需要很少的水。 然而，它只活一个季节。 想要沙漠万寿菊的人必须每年种植它。 Gold Mound lantana, known as Lantana camara, is a bushy plant usually just over a half-meter tall. Its yellow flowers bloom on and off from spring through autumn and it has low to moderate water needs. 金丘马缨丹，又名马缨丹，是一种浓密的植物，通常只有半米多高。 它的黄色花朵从春季到秋季断断续续地绽放，对水的需求量较低至中等。 Its relative, trailing lantana, or Lantana montevidensis, grows horizontally. Its purple blossoms brighten the garden year-round. The groundcover has moderate water needs. It favors full sunlight but can survive partial sunlight. 它的亲戚，蔓生马缨丹，或称蒙特维登马缨丹，水平生长。 它的紫色花朵全年照亮花园。 地被植物对水的需求适中。 它喜欢充足的阳光，但也能在部分阳光下生存。 Trailing indigo, or Dalea greggii, is another groundcover that grows well in dry climates. The long-lived plant has blue-gray leaves and pink or purple pea-shaped flowers. It blooms from spring through summer in full or partial sunlight. The plant, which can spread to three meters wide, has very low water needs but could use some watering while in bloom. 拖尾靛蓝（Dalea greggii）是另一种在干燥气候下生长良好的地被植物。 这种长寿的植物有蓝灰色的叶子和粉红色或紫色的豌豆形花朵。 它从春天到夏天在全部或部分阳光下开花。 这种植物可以蔓延至三米宽，对水的需求量非常低，但在开花时可以进行一些浇水。Silverbush, also known as Convolvulus cneorum, is a fast-growing evergreen that, in the desert, blooms for about two weeks in spring. The 60-centimeter-tall plant has yellow-centered white flowers with silver leaves. 银灌木，也称为新旋花，是一种快速生长的常绿植物，在沙漠中，春季开花约两周。 这种植物高 60 厘米，开着黄色中心的白色花朵和银色的叶子。 White evening primrose, Oenothera caespitosa, is usually covered in blooms from spring through summer. But they are only open from late afternoon into morning. The white blossoms develop to light pink, and then darken to deep pinkish-purple. The plant has moderate water needs and performs best in full sun to part shade. 白色月见草（Oenothera caespitosa）通常从春季到夏季都盛开。 但它们只从下午晚些时候开放到早上。 白色的花朵逐渐变成浅粉色，然后变成深粉色紫色。 该植物对水的需求适中，在充足的阳光和部分遮荫下表现最好。Early spring is the best time to plant these groundcovers in desert climates. 早春是在沙漠气候下种植这些地被植物的最佳时机。 Gently loosen the soil to about 30 centimeters deep, removing stones and other hard material to permit a clear path for roots. Give some space between the plants. Add mulch or wood chips to keep soil temperature even, prevent weeds, and help hold water.轻轻地松土至约 30 厘米深，清除石头和其他坚硬物质，为根部留出畅通的路径。 在植物之间留出一些空间。 添加覆盖物或木片以保持土壤温度均匀，防止杂草生长并帮助保持水分。 The best time of day to water the groundcovers is in the morning. To avoid root rot, water the groundcover only when, and as soon as, the soil is completely dry. 一天中给地被植物浇水的最佳时间是早上。 为了避免根部腐烂，只有在土壤完全干燥时才给地被植物浇水。

There are about 125 species in the genus Oenothera, and they are commonly called sundrops, evening primroses, or golden eggs, and they are native to North and South America.

Today's herbs are two excellent friends to the human nervous & emotional systems. Tulsi and evening primrose are both nervines, and although they are rather different from one another, they fit together nicely.Tulsi or ‘holy basil', Ocimum sanctum aka O. tenuiflorum, has featured on our podcast many times previously: as a supportive herb for psychological first aid, sugar cravings, trauma recovery, and cognitive maintenance, among other things! It's truly a multifaceted herb who can help many of us.Evening primrose, Oenothera biennis, is an herb we find very helpful for ‘frazzled' anxious feelings, whether those have arisen in response to stressors, in the process of quitting smoking, or simply as an extension of a dry, tense constitution. It's not so easy to find for sale, but it's very easy to grow your own!We also have a few comments in this episode about a relative of evening primrose called Circaea lutetiana, the “enchanter's nightshade”. This plant isn't actually a nightshade, and its primary enchantments have to do with its leaf shapes and seed dispersal strategies, more than its actions or chemistry. If you want to learn a fun new word today, let us propose “zoochory” as a candidate!Tulsi & evening primrose both make appearances in our Neurological & Emotional Health course. This course is a user's guide to your nerves & your emotions – including the difficult and dark ones. We discuss holistic herbalism strategies for addressing both neurological & psychological health issues. It includes a lengthy discussion of herbal pain management strategies, too! In addition, you receive everything that comes with enrollment in our courses, including: lifetime access to current & future course material, twice-weekly live Q&A sessions with us, open discussion threads integrated in each lesson, an active student community, study guides, quizzes & capstone assignments, and more!If you have a moment, it would help us a lot if you could subscribe, rate, & review our podcast wherever you listen. This helps others find us more easily. Thank you!!Our theme music is “Wings” by Nicolai Heidlas.Support the showYou can find all of our online herbalism courses at online.commonwealthherbs.com!

There's so much to love about evening primrose (Oenothera spp.)! In this episode, you'll get to listen in as I discuss the many gifts of this beautiful plant with herbalist and teacher, Ginger Webb.As you'll see, evening primrose is not only swoon-worthy, but it's abundant. Almost everybody has an evening primrose that grows in their region. And the various species are similar enough in their medicinal properties that they're essentially interchangeable.As a listener, you'll also have access to Ginger's Primrose Bliss tea blend, which may just become a treasured part of your evening relax and unwind routine.By the end of this episode, you'll know:► Which comes first, harvesting and making medicine or stewarding – and why?► What taste signals that an herb may be a nervine (an herb for the nervous system)?► Why evening primrose can be an ally for resting in a go-go-go culture► Why relying on plants' common names can be dangerous (literally)Here is one of my favorite takeaways from our conversation: “Let's take the time to rest. Let's take the time to do nothing. Let's take the time just to be. I feel like evening primrose really allows that.”For those of you who aren't already familiar with her, Ginger Webb has been practicing herbalism in and around Austin, Texas, for over 25 years. Trained by Michael Moore at the Southwest School of Botanical Medicine, Ginger carries on Michael's tradition of bioregional, populist herbalism, adding her own perspectives and working most closely with the plants of central Texas. She supplies small batch, lovingly-made herbal medicine to her clients and community through her company Texas Medicinals, and teaches herbalism, (including a 200-hour foundational program and a shorter clinical program) as the primary teacher at Sacred Journey School of Herbalism. Ginger currently lives on 6 acres in the Texas Hill Country, and enjoys regular visits from her 21 year old child, Chia, and Chia's French bulldog, Ham.I'm thrilled to share our conversation with you today!----Get full show notes and more information at: herbswithrosaleepodcast.comFor more behind-the-scenes of this podcast, follow @rosaleedelaforet on Instagram!The secret to using herbs successfully begins with knowing who YOU are. Get started by taking my free Herbal Jumpstart course when you sign up for my newsletter.If you enjoy the Herbs with Rosalee podcast, we could use your support! Please consider leaving a 5-star rating and review and sharing the show with someone who needs to hear it!On the podcast, we explore the many ways plants heal, as food, as medicine, and through nature connection. Each week, I focus on a single seasonal plant and share trusted herbal knowledge so that you can get the best results when using herbs for your health.Learn more about Herbs with Rosalee at herbswithrosalee.com.----Rosalee is an herbalist and author of the bestselling book Alchemy of Herbs: Transform Everyday Ingredients Into Foods & Remedies That Heal and co-author of the bestselling book Wild Remedies: How to Forage Healing Foods and Craft Your Own...

Oenothera fruticosa's common name is sundrops, and its nectar attracts butterflies and hummingbirds.

From peeking over hedgerows to see flowers from a different viewpoint and scrumping apples on a horse, leading nursery expert Rosemary Hardy's love of plants and gardening blossomed from a very young age. Rosemary chats to Peter Brown and Chris Day about the development of the nursery from a walled garden just down the road to their current beautifully nurtured 13-acre Hampshire Nursery in Freefolk.Painting with plants is Rosemary's mantra and we find out about the fascinating perennial flower scene as well discovering the philosophy of right plants, right place. Rosemary shares her wealth of plant knowledge and tells us about when things don't quite go to plan at the flower shows.We learn about the best size of plants to plant in the garden, tips to get your cottage garden plants established and find out more about the process of creating those Gold winning displays at the famous Royal Horticultural Society's shows.First time gardener perennials: Go for strong plants such as Alchemilla, Centranthus, Coreopsis, hardy Geranium, Geum, Lamium, Leucanthemum, Nepeta such as ‘Six Hills Giant', Persicaria and Rudbeckia.Light shade perennials include Aquilegia, Bergenia, Veronica and Veronicastrum.Perennials with roses: Asters (Michealmas daisies), Astrantia, Gaura (now called Oenothera) and Campanula, especially the carpeting types.Best plants to get young gardeners going: Sweet peas (watching the tendrils twine, quick growing and wonderful scent), consider fast growing annual seeds like Cornflowers and Nasturtium, members of the daisy family and for growing involvement Geum rivale, which is easily propagated.You Tube video most asked question – Will this grow in a pot!Rosemary's favourites include Cirsium, Oenothera lindheimeri Rosyjane (PBR), Anemone ‘Frilly Knickers', Geum ‘Totally Tangerine' (PBR) and Geum ‘Scarlet Tempest' (Macgeu001'PBR)Desert Island plant: Fagus sylvatica, a beautiful native green beech which changes beautifully through the seasons.Hardy's Cottage Garden Plants, Priory Lane, Freefolk, Whitchurch, Hampshire RG28 7FA Tel: 01256 896533.Website: https://www.hardysplants.co.ukRosemary Hardy Gardening YouTube ChannelHardy's show dates and eventsWe stock a wide range of herbaceous perennials at the Garden Centre and through our websiteOur thanks to Chiltern Music Therapy for providing the music. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Today we celebrate a man who published his garden journal in a book - and inspired countless gardeners and gardener writers with his resonant words. We'll also learn about a young botanist with drive and good intentions, as well as a personal beef with another botanist - both of these men had a dramatic impact on the Calcutta Botanical Garden. We hear some fascinating words about tree bark and pH - it's a little-discussed topic, but it's a good one. We Grow That Garden Library™ with a book that helps us cook with flowers. And then we’ll wrap things up with a look at winter chores for this week from 1889.   Subscribe Apple | Google | Spotify | Stitcher | iHeart To listen to the show while you're at home, just ask Alexa or Google to “Play the latest episode of The Daily Gardener Podcast.” And she will. It's just that easy.   The Daily Gardener Friday Newsletter Sign up for the FREE Friday Newsletter featuring: A personal update from me Garden-related items for your calendar The Grow That Garden Library™ featured books for the week Gardener gift ideas Garden-inspired recipes Exclusive updates regarding the show Plus, each week, one lucky subscriber wins a book from the Grow That Garden Library™ bookshelf.   Gardener Greetings Send your garden pics, stories, birthday wishes, and so forth to Jennifer@theDailyGardener.org   Curated News Jade Plants Are the Low-Maintenance Houseplants Everyone Should Know About | MarthaStewart.com   Facebook Group If you'd like to check out my curated news articles and original blog posts for yourself, you're in luck. I share all of it with the Listener Community in the Free Facebook Group - The Daily Gardener Community. So, there’s no need to take notes or search for links. The next time you're on Facebook, search for Daily Gardener Community, where you’d search for a friend... and request to join. I'd love to meet you in the group.   Important Events February 9, 1830 Today is the birthday of the English gardener and writer Henry Arthur Bright. As an adult, Henry began a diary, which would become a book called A Year in a Lancashire Garden. Henry’s book is one of the most beloved garden biographies of the nineteenth century, and Henry's book inspired future garden writers like Henry Nicholson Ellacombe, Theresa Earle, and Elizabeth Lawrence. And for today, I thought I would share a February 1874 excerpt from Henry's journal. Although this was almost 150 years ago, Henry was doing what gardeners do this time of year: worrying about how the winter would affect the garden, noticing the progress of the earliest blooming trees and shrubs, cleaning up and editing the garden for the new season, looking through his garden magazines for new and old plants, experiencing some disappointment in the spring showing of some of his flowers (in this case, his Aconites), and mulling over why some spring-flowering bulbs go unappreciated - like the humble spring Crocus. “Since I wrote, we have had the sharpest and keenest frost — sharper than we have had all the winter... Now spring has come again, and (as Horace says) has "shivered" through the trees. The Elders are already unfolding their leaves, and a Lonicera ("lon-ISS-er-ah”) or Honeysuckle is in the freshest bud.  I remember when, a few years ago, Mr. Longfellow, the American poet, was in England, he told me that he was often reminded by the tender foliage of an English spring of that well-known line of Watts, where the fields of Paradise,   "Stand dressed in living green;" and I thought of this today when I looked... at the fresh verdure of this very Lonicera. But all things are now telling of spring. We have finished our pruning of the wall-fruit; we have ...sown our earliest Peas.  We have planted our Ranunculus bed and gone through the herbaceous borders, dividing and clearing away where the growth was too thick, and sending off hamperfuls of Peony, Iris, Oenothera ("ee-no-THAIR-ah"), Snowflake, Japanese Anemone ("ah-NIM-oh-nee), Day Lily, and many others.  On the other hand, we have been looking over old volumes of Curtis's Botanical Magazine, and have been trying to get, not always successfully, a number of old forgotten plants of beauty, and now of rarity. We have found enough, however, to add a fresh charm to our borders for June, July, and August. On the lawn, we have some Aconites in flower… This year they are doing badly. I suspect they must have been mown away last spring before their tubers were thoroughly ripe, and they are punishing us now by flowering only here and there.  Then, too, the Crocuses are bursting up from the soil... "all gleaming in purple and gold." Nothing is more stupid than the ordinary way of planting Crocuses — in a narrow line or border. Of course, you get a line of color, but that is all, and, for all the good it does, you might as well have a line of colored pottery or variegated gravel. They should be grown in thick masses, and in a place where the sun can shine upon them, and then they open out into wonderful depths of beauty.  Besides the clusters along the shrubberies and the mixed borders, I have a number [of Crocus] on the lawn beneath a large weeping Ash; the grass was bare there, and… it was well to do something to veil its desolation in the spring. Nothing can be more successful than a mass of Crocus, yellow, white, and purple. I sometimes think that the Crocus is less cared for than it deserves. Our modern poets rarely mention it; but in Homer, when he would make a carpet for the gods, it is of Lotus, Hyacinth, and Crocus…   February 9, 1845 Today is the anniversary of the early death of the promising English botanist and naturalist, William Griffith. William’s peers in Madras, India, honored William with a plaque that says, “He had attained to the highest eminence in the scientific world; and was one of the most distinguished botanists of his age.” William was exceptionally bright and fit. Confident and capable, William made one discovery after another on his expeditions across the globe. But in researching William, while I discovered a man who was unquestionably intelligent and driven, he was also embroiled in a personal battle against a fellow botanist - an older peer named Nathaniel Wallich. One of the great botanists of his age, Nathaniel, was in charge of the Botanical Garden in Calcutta, India. During his time in India, he wrote a Flora of Asia, and the palm Wallichia disticha (“wall-IK-ee-uh DIS-tik-uh”) was named in Wallich’s honor. In 1824, Nathaniel was the first person to describe the giant Himalayan Lily (Cardiocrinum giganteum) - the world's largest Lily species. If you decide you’d like to grow giant Himalayan Lilies (and who wouldn’t?), expect blooms anytime after year four. Now, Richard Axelby wrote an excellent in-depth paper that shares the sad story of dislike and mistrust between William Griffith and Nathaniel Wallich. It’s a fascinating read, and it underscores the damage that can be done when people don’t get along. In a nutshell, when William arrived at the botanical garden in Calcutta, he essentially played the role of the new sheriff in town, and he didn’t like the way Nathaniel had organized the garden. He didn’t like Nathaniel’s arrogance and adherence to the old ways. And for his part, Nathaniel hadn’t anticipated this kind of challenge to his authority; He had hoped to finish out his final years respected and revered until he received his pension and returned to England. When Nathaniel’s health deteriorated, he was forced to leave the Calcutta Botanical Garden, and he went to the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa to recover. During his absence, William went to work. After being put in charge of the garden, William set about executing a complete renovation. In hindsight, William’s personal feelings likely got in the way of exercising a more thoughtful redesign. He essentially threw the baby out with the bathwater. For instance, there was an avenue of stately Cycas trees that was beloved by visitors to the garden; they were wiped out. William’s total dedication to organizing the garden by classification meant that aesthetics and common sense were secondary, and that proved detrimental to the garden. Plants that had thrived under the canopy of established trees and shrubs were suddenly exposed to the harsh Indian sun, and they burned and perished out in the open. And even if he could be a difficult man to work with, it’s hard not to imagine the shock Nathaniel experienced when he returned to the garden in the summer of 1844 and saw the complete devastation in every bed, every planting, and every corner of the garden. Nothing was untouched - it had all been changed. And as Nathaniel returned to the garden that summer, William was preparing to leave. In September, he married his brother’s wife’s sister - Emily Henderson - by the end of the year, on December 11th, and he quit and left the garden for good. Two months later, on February 8, 1845, Nathaniel poured out his pain in a letter to his old friend William Hooker: “Where is the stately, matchless garden that I left in 1842?  Is this the same as that?  Can it be?  No–no–no!  Day is not more different from night that the state of the garden as it was from its present utterly ruined condition. But no more on this.  My heart bleeds at what I am impelled daily – hourly to witness.  And yet I am chained to the spot, and the chain, in some respects, is of my own making.  I will not be driven away.  Lies, calumnies, every attempt... to ruin my character – publicly and privately... are still employed – they may make my life miserable and wretched, they may break my heart: but so so long as my conscience acquits me... so long will I not budge one inch from my post.” Well, when Nathanial wrote this letter, William and Emily were back in Malacca in Southwestern Malaysia - but all was not well. William had gotten sick on the voyage to Malaysia. It was hepatitis, and he had languished for ten days. And the very day after Nathaniel sent his letter to William Hooker about his broken heart at seeing his dear Calcutta Botanical Garden, William Griffith died on this day in 1845 in Malaysia. He was just 34 years old.   Unearthed Words Each tree's bark will have its own pH, and some are more acidic than others. Larches and Pines are notoriously acidic; Birch, Hawthorne and Oak are acidic too, but slightly less so. Rowan, Alder, Beech, Linden, and Ash are little less acidic again, and Willow, Holly and Elm are getting closer to neutral. Sycamore, Walnut, and Elder are alkaline. The less acidic the bark is, the more growth you are likely to see from colonizing plants and lichens. Pine bark is often bare, whereas Sycamore might have a glorious guest hanging off its bark. —Tristan Gooley, New York Times Bestselling author, The Lost Art of Reading Nature Signs, Bark   Grow That Garden Library Cooking with Flowers by Miche Bacher This book came out in 2013, and the subtitle is Sweet and Savory Recipes with Rose Petals, Lilacs, Lavender, and Other Edible Flowers. In this book, Miche put together more than 100 recipes to create beautiful flower-filled dishes for your table! This botanical cookbook features creations that will speak to any gardener: sweet violet cupcakes, savory sunflower chickpea salad, pansy petal pancakes, chive blossom vinaigrette, daylily cheesecake, rosemary flower margaritas, mango orchid sticky rice, and herb flower pesto. Miche is an herbalist, chef, and owner of a custom confectionary studio, so she’s an expert in preparing and using botanicals in the kitchen. Miche shares how to find, clean, and prep edible blossoms. You’ll also learn that the color and flavor of various blooms can infuse vinegars, vodkas, sugars, frostings, jellies and jams, and even ice creams. This book is 192 pages of edible flowers, visually stunning desserts, and one-of-a-kind creations. You can get a copy of Cooking with Flowers by Miche Bacher and support the show using the Amazon Link in today's Show Notes for around $6   Today’s Botanic Spark Reviving the little botanic spark in your heart February 9, 1889  On this day, The Lancaster Gazette shared a little snippet about the garden chores that should be done this week. So let’s see how our chores stack up against chores from the late 1800s. “Outdoor Work must have a full share of attention.  Whatever... winter work remains must now be cleared up, or the consequences will be serious.  Make quickly a thorough clearance of the vegetable quarters.  Prepare all plots requiring manure at once, as it is much better to have the manure completely incorporated with the soil than to sow or plant immediately after manuring.  The ground for Peas, Beans, Onions, Cauliflowers, and Broccolis must be liberally manured and deeply stirred.  Mark out the quarters for Onions into four-foot beds and raise the bed six inches above the general level and leave the surface rough. At sowing time, the surface will be nicely pulverized through exposure to the air, and the seed can be set clean and rolled in firm... Choose for Potatoes ground on which Cabbage, or Broccoli, or Celery has been grown... last year.  Make up sloping borders under warm walls and fences for early Lettuce and Radish. Prick out Broccoli and Cauliflower from seed.  Plant.”   Thanks for listening to The Daily Gardener. And remember: "For a happy, healthy life, garden every day."

La Gaura (soprattutto Gaura lindheimeri) è una pianta molto utilizzata nei giardini che sopportano l'aridità.Una pianta così conosciuta, ha cambiato nome!La Royal Horticultural Society ha accettato che le piante del genere Gaura rientrassero nel genere Oenothera, andiamo a vedere cosa significa. ISCRIVITI E COMMENTA ☝️☝️ FACCI SAPERE CHE NE PENSI! INSTAGRAM

On this episode of Expanded Perspectives the guys start the show off talking about how recently two women in Kansas say they came across a Bigfoot creature. According to the article, one of the two sisters claims they were driving on Interstate 24 when they spotted the being. They said “Around 9:35 pm I was telling my sister, who was driving, to be careful about deer running across the road, cause we had seen a few. Some did not even look at the truck we were in. Most were focused on the corn fields,” she told the BFRO about the August 2017 alleged encounter in Mitchell County. Suddenly, she says, a “big buff gorilla-looking man hopped out on all fours” out of the corn field. The woman described it as 8-feet-tall with an ape-like body. Its hair was reportedly about 3 inches long, with some bald areas on the chest and face. Then, scientists have found evidence that plants can actually hear the buzz of passing bees and produce sweeter nectar in response to entice the flying insects in. And flowers are technically their 'ears'. Based on observations of evening primroses (Oenothera drummondii), the team behind the new study discovered that within minutes of sensing the sound waves of nearby bee wings through flower petals, the concentration of the sugar in the plant's nectar was increased by an average of 20 percent. The flowers even seemed able to tune out irrelevant background noises, such as the wind. Next, the researchers want to look at how plants might respond to other sounds and animals, including humans. After the break, Kyle discusses a new book he just read called "Strange Tales of the Sea" by Jack Strange. What lurks beneath the waves, and onboard the most mysterious of ships? This book explores the lore and lure of the sea with myths, legends and true stories. Centuries-old folklore and tales of haunted vessels. Sea monsters and ghosts. Cannibalism at sea, and mysterious disappearances. Included are also tales of sailors ashore, and the prostitutes and crimps that preyed on them. Find out what happened to stowaways, how they were treated, and about the myth that women were not welcome on ships. All of this and more on this episode of Expanded Perspectives! Show Notes: Two Kansas Motorist Encounter Bigfoot Plants May Not Have Ears, But They Can "Hear" Way Better Than We Thought Strange Tales of the Sea by Jack Strange Sponsors: Mack Weldon Music: All music for Expanded Perspectives is provided by Pretty Lights. Purchase, Download and Donate at www.prettylightsmusic.com. Songs Used: Pretty Lights vs. Led Zeppelin Always All Ways Color of My Soul Rainbows and Waterfalls

On this episode of Expanded Perspectives the guys start the show off talking about how recently two women in Kansas say they came across a Bigfoot creature. According to the article, one of the two sisters claims they were driving on Interstate 24 when they spotted the being. They said “Around 9:35 pm I was telling my sister, who was driving, to be careful about deer running across the road, cause we had seen a few. Some did not even look at the truck we were in. Most were focused on the corn fields,” she told the BFRO about the August 2017 alleged encounter in Mitchell County. Suddenly, she says, a “big buff gorilla-looking man hopped out on all fours” out of the corn field. The woman described it as 8-feet-tall with an ape-like body. Its hair was reportedly about 3 inches long, with some bald areas on the chest and face. Then, scientists have found evidence that plants can actually hear the buzz of passing bees and produce sweeter nectar in response to entice the flying insects in. And flowers are technically their 'ears'. Based on observations of evening primroses (Oenothera drummondii), the team behind the new study discovered that within minutes of sensing the sound waves of nearby bee wings through flower petals, the concentration of the sugar in the plant's nectar was increased by an average of 20 percent. The flowers even seemed able to tune out irrelevant background noises, such as the wind. Next, the researchers want to look at how plants might respond to other sounds and animals, including humans. After the break, Kyle discusses a new book he just read called "Strange Tales of the Sea" by Jack Strange. What lurks beneath the waves, and onboard the most mysterious of ships? This book explores the lore and lure of the sea with myths, legends and true stories. Centuries-old folklore and tales of haunted vessels. Sea monsters and ghosts. Cannibalism at sea, and mysterious disappearances. Included are also tales of sailors ashore, and the prostitutes and crimps that preyed on them. Find out what happened to stowaways, how they were treated, and about the myth that women were not welcome on ships. All of this and more on this episode of Expanded Perspectives! Show Notes: Two Kansas Motorist Encounter Bigfoot Plants May Not Have Ears, But They Can "Hear" Way Better Than We Thought Strange Tales of the Sea by Jack Strange Sponsors: Mack Weldon Music: All music for Expanded Perspectives is provided by Pretty Lights. Purchase, Download and Donate at www.prettylightsmusic.com. Songs Used: Pretty Lights vs. Led Zeppelin Always All Ways Color of My Soul Rainbows and Waterfalls

The golden flowers of Evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) begin blooming in mid-summer.  This biennial plant may also grow as an annual if the previous year’s seeds sprout in the spring and the plant matures the same year. Here’s the basal … Continue reading →

Petey whines a little about the wildflower display near his home, but finds a flower that calms him down.

Petey will never be a learned fellow, but he’s a pretty nice fella. Tufted evening primrose (Oenothera caespitosa) is beautiful…

All evening primroses are cheerful and easy to grow flowers that pop up unexpectedly in our gardens.

Heavy-flowering Oenothera are healthy plants with winter hardiness, giving many of these taxa five-star excellent ratings. Sundrops and evening primroses thrive in full sun but tolerate light shade. Oenothera speciosa may spread rapidly to become weedy in rich or highly fertile soils.

Mon, 11 Aug 2008 12:00:00 +0100 https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8976/ https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8976/1/Rauwolf_Uwe.pdf Rauwolf, Uwe ddc:500, ddc:570, Fak

The subject of this thesis was to develop molecular approaches appropriate to investigate speciation processes. The genus Oenothera was chosen for study, since it offers the unique possibility to exchange plastids, individual or more chromosomes and/or even entire haploid genomes (so-called Renner complexes) between species. In addition, a rich stock of information in taxonomy, cytogenetics and formal genetics is available, collected for more than a century of research. Interspecific exchange of plastids, nuclear genomes or chromosomes often leads to mis-development of the resulting hybrids. These inviable hybrids form hybridization barriers responsible for speciation. In the case of plastid and nuclear genome exchange, hybrid bleaching is frequently observed, which results from plastome-genome incompatibility (PGI) due to compartmental co-evolution. Traditional work on Oenothera was almost exclusively restricted to classical genetic and cytogenetic approaches. Subsection Oenothera, the best studied of the five subsections in the section Oenothera, was used in this work. It is comprised of three basic nuclear genomes, A, B and C, which occur in homozygous (AA, BB, CC) or stable heterozygous (AB, AC, BC) combination. In nature, the nuclear genomes are associated with five basic, genetically discernible plastid types (I - V) in distinct combinations. The following results were obtained: (i) Biochemistry with Oenothera is not trivial due to exceedingly high amounts of mucilage and tannins which adversely interfere with the isolation of macromolecules and enzymatic reactions. A basic biochemistry for the material was therefore developed initially, notably to obtain appropriate subcellular fractions, restricable, amplifyable and clonable DNA, RNA, supramolecular protein assemblies and proteins of appropriate purity. (ii) Evaluation of the PGI literature clearly indicates that PGI can form hybridization barriers according to the Dobzhansky-Muller gene pair model of speciation, even if the genes reside in different cellular compartments. (iii) Oenothera PGIs could be classified into four genetically distinct categories, which influence hybridization barriers in different ways. (iv) Co-dominant marker systems (SSLP and CAPS) were generated for both, nuclear genome and plastome. Their potential was successfully evaluated with crossing programs designed to exchange plastomes, genomes, or individual chromosomes between species. (v) The plastome markers allowed to genotype 41 subplastomes to judge inter- and intraplastome diversity and displayed molecular loci linked to the genetic behaviour of basic plastome types I - V. (vi) A single, highly polymorphic marker (M40) was sufficient to genotype 29 different Renner complexes of the basic genome types A, B and C. (vii) Markers specific for all seven Oenothera chromosomes were selected. Combined with the genetics of a partial permanent translocation heterozygote (ring of 12 chromosomes plus 1 bivalent, which behave as two distinct linkage groups) they allowed the assignment of molecular linkage group 7 to chromosome 9•8 of the classical Oenothera map. Material for the assignment of the remaining chromosomes and their arms was produced or selected so that both map types can now be fully integrated. (viii) In parallel to work on the nuclear genome, the sequences of the five basic Oenothera plastomes were completed (in cooperation). Elaborated in this thesis, due to its limited coding potential, conserved nature, and substantial knowledge about photosynthesis, plastid chromosomes provide relatively easy access to “speciation genes” and selection pressures causing speciation. (ix) Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences provided a plastome pedigree, and also an idea about the age of the subsection, i.e. back to the middle of Pleistocene, approximately 1 mya ago. This contributed to solve a long lasting question in the Oenothera literature. (x) Application of appropriate algorithms uncovered for the first time that plastomes are subject to natural selection and hence contribute to speciation. This was questioned repeatedly. (xi) A novel weighting strategy, combining classical genetic data on plastome-genome compatibility/incompatibility with molecular data and bioinformatic approaches, was applied to deduce potential plastid determinants for PGI. (xii) In a case study it could be shown that a single plastid locus contributes substantially to PGI in the interspecific hybrid AB-I, which was found to be defective in photosystem II. A plastome I-specific deletion in the bidirectional promoter region between psbB and clpP was found to be responsible for the phenotype observed. The finding is consistent with reduced levels of psbB mRNA and its product CP47 chlorophyll a apoprotein of photosystem II, with spectroscopic data and phenotype. (xiii) Available data indicate that interspecific plastome-genome hybrids represent some sort of “network mutants”. This would imply that speciation is predominantly a regulatory phenomenon. In the studied cases PGIs are is involved in the fine-tuning of regulation of photosynthesis, rather than in an adaptation of its structural components. This is considered as a major finding of this thesis.

Die plastidäre DNA höherer Pflanzen wird allgemein als zirkuläres Molekül von der Größe eines Monomers beschrieben. Die DNA-Replikation soll von einem Paar Replikationsursprünge ausgehen. Mittels theta- (displacement loop) und sigma-Replikation (rolling circle) würden aus zirkulären Ausgansprodukten erneut zirkuläre Produkte entstehen. In Nicotiana tabacum sollen diese Mechanismen auf zwei beschriebenen Replikationsursprüngen beruhen: oriA und oriB. In früheren Arbeiten wurde bereits gezeigt, dass oriA nicht essentiell ist, aber vermutet, dass eine Kopie des oriB unverzichtbar sei. Mittels Plastidentransformation wurde jetzt auch gezeigt, dass plastidäre DNA-Replikation auch erfolgt, wenn beide Kopien des oriB inaktiviert sind. In weiteren Experimenten konnten in einer Linie drei der vier Ori deletiert werden. Untersuchungen mittels Pulsfeldgelelektrophorese und Southern-Analysen zum Replika-tionsmechanismus wiesen auf lineare ptDNA-Moleküle mit definierten Enden hin. Eine mögliche Erklärung für diese Enden wäre, dass diese an der Position von Replikationsursprüngen liegen. Tatsächlich wurde eine entsprechende Korrelation mit oriA – und weniger deutlich – mit oriB gefunden. Andere Enden liegen auf Positionen, auf denen in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Glycine max, Oenothera elata ssp. hookeri, Oryza sativa und Zea mays Replikationsursprünge beschrieben wurden. Dazu kommen noch weitere mögliche Replikationsursprünge. Die Mechanismen der plastidärer DNA-Replikation werden basierend auf diesen neuen Ergebnissen und neuen Erkenntnissen in der Literatur diskutiert.

Interspecific genome-plastome incompatibility is a widely observed phenomenon but its primary causes are still unknown. It reflects genome-plastome interactions that play a direct role in speciation processes, such interspecific combinations of nuclear genomes and plastomes that fail to develop fully autotrophic plants which then are usually eliminated by natural selection. We have investigated two plant models displaying genome-plastome incompatibility, Oenothera and Passiflora, using strategies of molecular biology in order to contribute to an analysis of primary causes of interspecific genome-plastome incompatibility. 1. Expressed sequence tags in Oenothera: In this study we present the first analyzed EST data set for Oenothera. 3,532 cDNA sequences derived from 9-week-old Oenothera plantlets were the analysed and assembled into 1,621 nonredundant clusters, including 1,133 singletons and 488 multi-member unigenes which contain a total of 875,940 nonredundand nucleotides. EST sequences were analysed by Sputnik algorithm. They were also used in the development of gene-specific PCR-based codominant markers (SNPs, CAPS, micro-satellites). The cDNA library could be directly used for macroarray applications including gene expression studies and for physical mapping. 2. Genotyping analyses in Oenothera using AFLP technology: The comparison of AFLPs from Oenothera with AFLPs from Arabidopsis was used to obtain an approximation of the genome size. The genotyping data provide evidence that genome of Oenothera is only six times larger than that of Arabidopsis corresponding to a size of about 750 Mb. The AFLP markers were also successfully applied to construct first genetic maps using F2 mapping population of interspecific hybrids between Oenothera elata ssp. hookeri, line johansen, AA-III, x Oenothera grandiflora ssp. tuscaloosa, BB-III. The linkage maps contain 88 AFLP markers covering a total map length of 154.4 cM for dominant markers in johansen, AA-III and 104 AFLP markers and a total size of 155.3 cM for dominant markers in grandiflora, BB-III. In addition, it was possible to assign genome-plastome incompatibility locus to the margin of coupling group 2B with 13 cM distance to the next AFLP marker. SUMMARY 91 The EST project followed by genotyping analysis increases knowledge and requirements in discovering primary causes of genome-plastome incompatibility. Oenothera with genome-plastome incompatibility, chromosomal translocations and many chromosomal arrangements provides an elegant tool in the study of genomeplastome interactions, speciation processes and species evolution. 3. Investigation of genome-plastome incompatibility in Passiflora: We present the first evidence of hybrid bleaching in this genus. The hybrid between Passiflora menispermifolia x Passiflora oerstedii showed bleaching regions during plant development. Reciprocal crosses have also shown hybrid bleaching but as well significant differences in leaf shape. Molecular analyses of cpDNA showed that Passiflora plastids are inherited bi-parentally and that the P. menispermifolia plastome is incompatible in F1 hybrids with P. oerstedii. This is the first evidence of genome-plastome incompatibility in Passiflora, which differ from Oenothera incompatibilities. The analysis of plastid ultrastructure showed that green tissues in the F1 generation have fully developed chloroplasts with thylakoids and grana; the incompatible material in F1 hybrids lacks differentiated plastids and contains plastids with only rudimentary membranes. An unexpected plastid ultrastructure was found in P. menispermifolia. The leaf from plant growing at greenhouse conditions contains plastids in different development stages including etioplasts, which normally develop from proplastids in darkness. Electron micrographs also indicated retardation of grana formation in P. menispermifolia which shows that vesicles could deliver parts of thylakoid components and that they may directly participate in the formation grana stacks. Northern and Western analyses demonstrated that genome-plastome incompatibility affects both transcription and translation, but with differences for nuclear and plastome encoded genes.

Mon, 28 Apr 2003 12:00:00 +0100 https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/978/ https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/978/1/Hupfer_Holger.pdf Hupfer, Holger

We have isolated cDNA clones of Spinacea oleracea L. and Oenothera hookeri of 930 and 1017 base pairs, respectively. The open reading frame deduced from the Oenothera sequence codes for a protein of a calculated molecular mass of 29 200. The primary amino acid sequence exhibits a very high degree (88%) of homology to the 14-3-3 protein from bovine brain, and protein kinase C inhibitor from sheep brain. Subsequently the plant protein was partially purified from leaf extract. The partially purified plant protein inhibited protein kinase C from sheep brain in a heterologous assay system. The active fraction consisted of 5–6 different polypeptides of similar molecular size. One of these proteins crossreacted with a peptide-specific antibody against protein kinase C inhibitor protein from sheep brain.