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2 episodes with Charles Houston
2 episodes with Charles Houston
Season 5 kicks off with a new format. Instead of starting with my lecture, each episode begins with my conversation with the Living Leadership guest. My hope is that those of you not in the class will find it easier to enjoy the lessons from the guests - and not feel forced to wade through my lecture! In the Episode 1 Living Leadership Interview segment, I was lucky to sit down with Charles Houston to discuss his leadership philosophy and how he sees it playing out in his day-to-day. Charles is a Senior Vice President Commercial Lending of Broadway Bank and was recently selected as a recipient of the 40 Under 40 Award by the San Antonio Business Journal. Charles graduated from Trinity in 2009 with a degree in accounting and was a standout on the men's basketball team while on campus. He was also in a social fraternity and a member of the Black Student Union. During our conversation, he highlights the importance of mentors and why taking calculated risks is key for great leaders. Charles talks at length about why great leaders focus on developing relationships, do more than is expected, are vulnerable, and create a culture where people are allowed to make mistakes. Listen for how Charles describes lessons learned from travel, internships, and why being authentic is the foundation for developing strong relationships. After my conversation with Charles, I lecture on chapter 1 of Peter G. Northouse's "Leadership: Theory and Practice." General concepts of leadership are discussed, the term is defined, and there's a special focus on the connection between leadership and power. Send me your thoughts and let's keep the conversation going on Twitter / X (@TingleJK) or on LinkedIn.
Why is Hillsong's Brian Houston going to court? What is this case about? Why do Australian lawyers wear wigs and who the heck is 'R'? What's a Royal Commission? Councillor Nathan Zamprogno joins me, Tanya Levin, to discuss the court case that will start in Sydney's local court on December 2, 2022, We are not here to speculate or opine, merely to outline the processes that have taken place leading to this court appearance. So join us, in the pursuit of the understanding of how criminal justice might work in the land Down Under in the Evangelical Trial of the Century. Producer: Kimberly Robinson
Episode 49: The American Court SystemGuest: Izac Graves and Rose Carina Dewhitt interviews two more of his fall 2022 Heartland Community College Introduction to Criminal Justice students, Izac Graves and Rose Carina. Rose attended Moline High School in Moline, Illinois and Izac attended Clinton High School in Clinton, Illinois. Dewhitt, Izac and Rose discuss the following: The start of school yearTheir career goalThe CourtsThurgood MarshallCharles HoustonConstance Baker MotleyViola LiuzzoKetanji Brown Jackson4th amendment5th amendmentDual court systemCriminal courtCivil courtPreponderance of evidenceBeyond a Reasonable doubtFederal court systemState court systemUnited States Supreme CourtWhite Supremacy Black Lives MatterThe Capital insurrectionWhat they would Like the Biden Administration to AccomplishYou can listen to the JFA Podcast Show wherever you get your podcast, by clicking on one of the links below. https://dlbspodcast.buzzsprout.com https://blog.feedspot.com/social_justice_podcasts/ https://peculiarbooks.org Also if you are interested in exercise and being healthy check out the Top 20 Triathlon Podcasts.https://blog.feedspot.com/triathlon_podcasts/
Welcome to GLIDE Memorial Church's “Tiny Celebrations,” the mini-podcast highlighting the inspirational words and music from our Sunday Celebration.In this episode Musical Driector Vernon Bush introduces a "Throwback Sunday" selection from The Glide Ensemble in which Charles Houston leads the song "God Is." Please support the music, the art, and the message of GLIDE Memorial Church. Please donate today. https://www.glide.org/igive/
In this episode I unpack my interview with Dr. Charles Houston, Pastor of Counseling at our home church, Word of Faith Family Worship Cathedral in Austell, Georgia, and Marriage and Family Therapist. I intentionally published his episode ahead of the Valentine's Day, to spread encouragement and wisdom to those putting God first when it comes to choosing a spouse. The heart of the matter is this: pursue purpose in every area of your life. When you do that, EVERYTHING else will fall into place. Over the years, Dr. Houston has flowed into his purpose and during his interview, he shared the wisdom that is the fruit of him doing so. I'm going to unpack his interview, pulling Three Keys to Pursuing your purpose. Let me know what you can or can't relate to, how you've been encouraged to pursue purpose, or anything else you'd like to share in the comments below. I want to hear from YOU. (FOLLOW ON ALL SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS.) Now let's get into these keys! Enjoy... Valerie Kote-Tawia, Live Set Apart! Host.
In this episode, I spoke to Dr. Charles Houston, Pastor of Counseling at our home church, Word of Faith Family Worship Cathedral in Austell, Georgia, where Bishop Dale C. Bronner is pastor; and Marriage and Family Therapist. I had the privilege of being blessed by his gifts of encouragement and guidance at a critical moment in my life (you'll hear about that!), and I wanted to share his wisdom with you. I have intentionally published this episode ahead of the soon-approaching National Singleness Awareness Day, AKA Valentine's Day, to spread encouragement and wisdom to those putting God first when it comes to choosing a spouse. Married folks, you'll hear some helpful nuggets as well. The heart of the matter is this: pursue purpose in every area of your life. When you do that, EVERYTHING else will fall into place. Hear how Dr. Houston flowed into his purpose and the wisdom that is the fruit of him doing so. Enjoy... Valerie Kote-Tawia, Live Set Apart! Host.
Episode 20: The Heyworth ConnectionGuest: Elizabeth “Eli” Lettrel and Ryan RettigBingham interviews two of his former Heartland Community College criminal justice students who are from Heyworth, Illinois, in their senior year of college at Illinois State University and Indiana State University and who he loves dearly. Together they have a fun time discussing the following:Heyworth High SchoolHeartland Community CollegeIllinois State UniversityIndiana State UniversityMichigan State University1st Amendment of the Constitution5th Amendment of the ConstitutionBlack Lives MatterWhite SupremacyThe Capital insurrectionGeorge FloydAppropriations for police work and economic equality What they'd like to See the Biden Administration AccomplishIf you would like to have access to the FREE monthly Dewhitt L. Bingham Justice for All Newsletter, click on the link below. This month's newsletter features Charles Houston, Lynette Boone, Constance Baker, Earl Cook, Lillian Brown, and a criminal justice lesson which will always include a power point, video lecture, and criminal justice terminology.http://eepurl.com/hI8DuHYou can listen to the JFA Podcast Show wherever you get your podcast or click on one of the links below. dlbspodcast.buzzsprout.comhttps://blog.feedspot.com/social_justice_podcasts/peculiarbooks.orgAlso if you are interested in exercise and being healthy check out the Top 20 Triathlon Podcasts.https://blog.feedspot.com/triathlon_podcasts/
While we're over here with our noses to our phones, sippin' pumpkin spiced whatevers, former City Councilman Willie Bailey miiiight be personally hand-stitching winter coats for 7,000 kids whiiile running for School Board in District A—you'll just have to listen to find out! There's no small talk with this firefightin' philanthropist—join us for real talk on race and equity, early childhood education, and where to find the best egg rolls on Planet Earth! WillforALXSchoolBoard.com Donate to Will's campaign! Are you sure you're in District A? Check the map! Northern Virginia Labor Federation, AFL-CIO Check out Firefighters & Friends to the Rescue...and then give them all your money! One coat costs about $18! Will and Operation Warm are bringing TONS OF COATS to all ACPS campuses on Monday, 10/25—and at Charles Houston and Sam Tucker on Saturday, 10/30! Education Association of Alexandria
Mrs. Bonnie Bracey-Sutton recognized early on in her teaching career that the town she grew up in had not offered students the level of support they needed to thrive. This realization inspired her to implement change in the education system. Two decades of diverse experiences taught her how to pioneer creativity in the classroom to bring high-quality education to each of her students. Mrs. Bonnie's success in the educational world has earned her many awards, an induction to the Alexandra African American Hall of Fame, and appointments to exclusive committees by both President Bill Clinton and Star Wars legend George Lucas. In today's episode, host DJ D-Rich sits down with Mrs. Bonnie to discuss the evolution of teaching in America. Early on in her career, Mrs. Bonnie's experience teaching in a German school developed her into the teacher she is today. Working with no resources, no supervision and a diverse group of international students forced her to get creative and think quickly on her feet. When Mrs. Bonnie came back to the US, she became one of the first teachers to promote the use of the internet in the classroom. Despite the backlash she continuously received from parents, other teachers and administrators, she never stopped fighting to better the American education system. According to Mrs. Bonnie, it doesn't take much to be an innovative educator. It just requires a little creativity. Tune into this week's episode of Southern Soul Live Stream to hear about Mrs. Bonnie's journey as an educator. Learn more about the role that technology played in her career and how you can evolve your teaching techniques to better educate America's youth. Quotes • “It was just a community effort to change things.” (12:33-12:36) • “And then I found out, I didn't have to buy stuff because if I connected with the museum, I could use their stuff. So I learned to use museums as a learning place.” (16:19-16:27) • “If you taught special ed, and if you taught gifted and talented, you could pretty much make your own program.” (18:48-18:55) • “I learned that the kids who memorize stuff and blurt it out are not the smartest kids in your class, so I learned to pay attention to the ones that didn't say very much.” (23:10-23:22) • “The vendorization has two parts. One is when they started making mandates that every kid had to pass a test at certain times, and you know they're not cookies. Even when you put cookies in the oven, they don't all brown the same way.” (26:32-26:49) • “What I really want the audience to understand is the history of education in America. In addition, in the age of technology, teaching needs to evolve, teachers need to evolve and parents need to understand the possibilities.” (01:18:42-01:19:01) Links Connect with Mrs. Bonnie Bracey-Sutton: Alexandria Va Digitalization Project at Charles Houston: https://www.alexandriaafricanamericanhalloffame.org/?p=1568 Digital Equity Network - Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/48769444884 Director of Digital Equity Resource Research And Dissemination: https://www.digitalequity.us/ Connect with Southern Soul Live Stream: • Want to listen to our next episode live? Click here to register. • Website: www.SoulLiveStream.com • Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SouthernSoulLiveStream/ • Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/southern_soul_livestream/ • Twitter: https://twitter.com/soul_livestream
The third American expedition of K2 (Karakoram) included Dr. Charles Houston, Robert Bates, George Bell, Robert Craig, Arthur Gilkey, Dee Molenaar, Peter Schoening and Capt. H.R.A. Streather. This climb had been attempted by Houston and Bates in 1938, but due to World War Two and political conflicts, they were not able to return to the mountain again until 1953. They were a strong group of men with a mindset of teamwork and hopes of success. Their optimism was crushed when at 25,500 feet they were met with a multi day storm. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kaycee-mcintosh/support
Serien om afroamerikaners kamp för medborgerliga rättigheter fortsätter. Det kommer att handla om NAACP:s stora triumf, Charles Houston och Thurgood Marshall, dockexperiment, att skilja på separat och jämlik, skolsegregering, rättsfallet Brown vs. Board of Education och Earl Warren. Glöm inte att prenumerera på podcasten! Ge den gärna betyg på iTunes! Följ podden på Facebook (facebook.com/stjarnbaneret), twitter (@stjarnbaneret) eller Instagram (@stjarnbaneret) Kontakt: stjarnbaneret@gmail.com
In 1954, the Supreme Court invalidated school segregation in the famous Brown v. Board of Education case. In this special episode, the ETT Team performs a play showing the real struggle to desegregate the public schools. Thurgood Marshall, Charles Houston as well as parents, children, and activists fought hard for equality in education--and this play shows their struggles, hardships, and ultimate victory. Join the team for this special episode in honour of Black History Month. Sit back and learn the real history as well as the current state of segregation in American schools.
Explore the essentials of Wilderness Medicine and prepare yourself for austere environments as we discuss Altitude Sickness, Frostbite, Animal Bites, Thermoregulation, Wound Care and the proper way to apply a tourniquet. Thinking about outdoor escapes and vacations now more than ever? Listen as our esteemed guest Dr. Thomas DeLoughery @Bloodman (Oregon Health & Science University) takes us through the fascinating, and at times chilling, world of Wilderness Medicine. This episode will empower you to explore the great outdoors as safely as possible. We discuss the breadth of wilderness medicine, multiple unique clinical entities encountered in austere environments, and practical ways to protect yourself and others on your adventures. This episode is truly wild! Listeners can claim Free CE credit through VCU Health at http://curbsiders.vcuhealth.org/ (CME goes live at 0900 ET on the episode’s release date). Show Notes | Subscribe | Spotify | Swag! | Top Picks | Mailing List | thecurbsiders@gmail.com | Free CME! Credits Written, Produced, and Infographic by: Avital O’Glasser MD, FACP, FHM Show Notes: Deborah Gorth ScM and Avital O’Glasser MD, FACP, FHM Cover Art: Kate Grant, MD Hosts: Matthew Watto MD, FACP; Paul Williams MD, FACP; Avital O’Glasser MD, FACP, FHM Editor: Matthew Watto MD, FACP (written materials); Clair Morgan of nodderly.com Guest: Thomas DeLoughery MD, MACP, FAWM Sponsors: Provider Solutions and Development Provider Solutions & Development is a community of experts dedicated to offering guidance and career coaching to physicians and clinicians throughout their entire career journey. With exclusive access to hundreds of opportunities across the nation, reach out today to begin the search for your perfect practice: www.psdrecruit.org/curbsiders. VCU Health CE The Curbsiders are partnering with VCU Health Continuing Education to offer FREE continuing education credits for physicians and other healthcare professionals. Visit curbsiders.vcuhealth.org and search for this episode to claim credit. See info sheet for further directions. Note: A free VCU Health CloudCME account is required in order to seek credit. Time Stamps Sponsor - Provider Solutions and Development https://curbsiders.vcuhealth.org/ Sponsor - VCU Health CE curbsiders.vcuhealth.org 00:00 Intro, disclaimer, guest bio 03:45 Guest one-liner, advice and Picks of the Week* 08:10 Sponsor - Provider Solutions and Development https://curbsiders.vcuhealth.org/ 09:00 Case of mountaineering; What is Wilderness Medicine? 12:05 What’s in your first aid kit? 21:36 Altitude sickness: acute mountain sickness, high altitude cerebral edema and High altitude pulmonary edema 31:25 Hypothermia 39:36 Frostbite 47:25 Hyperthermia: Heat exhaustion and Heat stroke; How much water should you drink? 51:55 Bat bites and rabies 58:20 Snake bites 66:03 Wound care and tourniquets 75:40 Take Home Points; Outro; Bonus clip Sponsor - VCU Health CE curbsiders.vcuhealth.org Links* De Gaulle by Julian Jackson Command and Control by Eric Schlosser Auerbach's Wilderness Medicine, 2-Volume Set Whatever book Paul said he was reading, sounds nerdy (The First Law Trilogy) Wilderness Medicine Society Stop The Bleed: Home Into Thin Air: A Personal Account of the Mt. Everest Disaster by Jon Krakauer National Outdoor Leadership School Advanced Wilderness Life Support Inside the ER at Mt. Everest Annapurna by Maurice Herzog K2, The Savage Mountain: The Classic True Story Of Disaster And Survival On The World's Second-Highest Mountain– by Charles Houston and Robert Bates *The Curbsiders participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising commissions by linking to Amazon. Simply put, if you click on our Amazon.com links and buy something we earn a (very) small commission, yet you don’t pay any extra. Goal Listeners will learn the basics of wilderness medicine and how to approach a few common conditions. Learning objectives After listening to this episode listeners will… Appreciate Wilderness Medicine as a medicine subspeciality and understand why or how someone might pursue this clinical focus area Recognize signs and symptoms of high altitude sickness Develop an approach to treating animal bites and injuries Learn high yield tips for administering first aid in the wilderness including field hemostasis Disclosures Dr DeLoughery reports no relevant financial disclosures. The Curbsiders report no relevant financial disclosures. Citation O’Glasser AY, Gorth D, Deloughery T, Williams PN, Watto MF. “#242 Wilderness Medicine: Prfor Disaster”. The Curbsiders Internal Medicine Podcast. https://thecurbsiders.com/episode-list Original air date November 16, 2020. Tags Wilderness Medicine, Travel medicine, first aid, first aid kit, altitude sickness, acute mountain sickness, high altitude cerebral edema, high altitude pulmonary edema, acetazolamide, dexamethasone, hypothermia, frostbite, frostnip, heat exposure, heat exhaustion, heat syncope, hyperthermia, hyponatremia, animal bites, bats, rabies, snakes, antivenom, wound care, tourniquet, FOAM, FOAMim, FOAMed, health, hospitalist, hospital, internal, internist, meded, medical, medicine, nurse, practitioner, professional, primary, physician, resident, student
On today's episode of Behind the Grind Show, we chat with Veronique Zayas - our guest speaker for the first Podcasts & Pints live audience interview. Veronique is the owner/founder of HatchMark Studio, as well as the co-owner of Emerald Republic Brewing Co. Not only did we ask Veronique questions about branding and entrepreneurship, but we had a Q/A with our audience at the end of our interview. We hope you enjoy our first Podcasts & Pints event featuring Veronique Zayas! We want to thank Charles Houston from Studer Properties for organizing Podcasts & Pints, DC Reeves and the team at Perfect Plain Brewing Co. for providing crowlers, Gabe Hernandez with Tacos Mexicanos for providing chips, guac, and queso, Chris Jadallah with Calliope Films for shooting video, and Ryan O'Keeley with Pensacola Digital for shooting video and helping with audio. Thank you for supporting us and tuning in every Monday. Please subscribe and rate our podcast - it helps new listeners (and entrepreneurs) find us. We really appreciate your support! Behind the Grind Show is located at Long Hollow Creatives - a boutique co-working & co-op studio space located at 700 N Guillemard St. Behind the Grind Show is fueled by Tacos Mexicanos where they're serving real Mexican street food in East Hill. Use code "behindthegrind" on your online order for free queso.
Civil Rights Movement, Martin Luther KIng, Charles Houston, Robert Kennedy, Rosa Parks, Black Church, Jackie Robinson
Episode 7 features extracts from Waymaking read by your regular host, Rae, and guest author, Jen Benson.Waymaking is an anthology of prose, poetry and artwork by women who are inspired by wild places, adventure and landscape. This year is won the Jon Whyte Award for Non Fiction Mountain Literature in the Banff Mountain Book Competition.The artists who contributed to the Waymaking anthology are continuing the legacy of Gwen Moffat and Nan Shepherd, redressing the balance of gender in outdoor adventure literature. Readers are urged to stop and engage their senses in this inspiring and pivotal work. Through the Snow (Winter 2010) by Judith BrownJudith Brown has lived in the Lake District for thirty years, nurturing her passions: mountaineering, the natural world, history, t’ai chi and writing. Landscape and history are her key inspirations. She believes they form an important part of who we are. She finds how people interact with them physically, emotionally and spiritually endlessly fascinating. A founder member of Women Mountains Words, she has published articles and stories, including a collection shortlisted for the 2007 Boardman Tasker Award for Mountain Literature.Snow by Bernadette McDonaldBernadette McDonald is the author of ten mountaineering books, including the multi-award-winning Art of Freedom, (Mountain Literature Award at the Banff Mountain Book Festival, the Boardman Tasker Award for Mountain Literature and the National Outdoor Book Award for Biography). Her other mountaineering titles include Tomaž Humar, Brotherhood of the Rope: The Biography of Charles Houston, Freedom Climbers, Keeper of the Mountains: The Elizabeth Hawley Story, and Alpine Warriors. She has also received the Alberta Order of Excellence, the Summit of Excellence Award and the King Albert Award for international leadership in mountain culture and environment. She was the founding vice-president of Mountain culture at the Banff Centre and served as director of the Banff mountain festivals from 1988–2006. Counterflow by Jen BensonJen Benson is a full-time writer, full-time athlete and full-time mum. She usually co-authors with husband, Sim, and their books include two of the Day Walks series from Vertebrate (Devon and Cornwall); The Adventurer's Guide to Britain; Amazing Family Adventures; and Wild Running. Jen and Sim write about nature, families, sport and adventures and also take all their own photos, usually with their two young children just out of shot. In 2015 they spent a year living under canvas, exploring Britain's national parks and wild places.If have any feedback or suggestions please drop me an email at rae@v-publishing.co.uk and I'll thank you with a 20% off voucher for the Vertebrate Publishing website. Next Episode: New Year’s Resolutions, featuring with interviews from pros in the worlds of cycling, climbing, walking and running. Due 2 January.In the meantime, join the conversation by searching for Vertebrate Publishing on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube or sign up for our newsletter.
2 Samuel 23:9-109Next to him was Eleazar son of Dodai the Ahohite. As one of the three mighty warriors, he was with David when they taunted the Philistines gathered at Pas Dammim for battle. Then the Israelites retreated, 10but Eleazar stood his ground and struck down the Philistines till his hand grew tired and froze to the sword. The Lordbrought about a great victory that day. The troops returned to Eleazar, but only to strip the dead.
On this episode of Talkin’ Jacks Extra, we were joined by Drew Bartow of Soccer ’N’ Sweet Tea to talk about how the Charleston Battery matches up with Charlotte. Hint, NOT WELL FOR US. We had a great chat and we look forward to welcoming our friends from the Holy City to Charlotte on Saturday. Thanks to Richard Groves and Charles Houston for the great questions! PACK THE PLEX! Predictions: Alex 1-1 draw Ben 2-1 CLT Drew 1-3 CHS Attendance Predictions: Alex 2,812 Ben 2,704 Playing For Pride Donations: http://athleteally.org/play4pride Time Out Youth Donations: https://www.prideraiser.org/campaigns/jacks-militia-jacks-militia-prideraiser-63d3205dda804dcba1667287d6ea1d4a/ Thank you for listening! Come on you Jacks! Soccernsweettea.com orthocarolina.com Instagram: @talkinjacks Twitter: @talkinjacks Facebook.com/talkinjacks talkinjacks@gmail.com Music: "Good to Be Alone" by The Bomb Busters, used under Creative Commons --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/talkinjacks/support
Americans believe they have a number of protections on the job, which are common in other democracies (free speech and privacy, defense against capricious firing, etc.). They are wrong. And in her fascinating new book The Workplace Constitution from the New Deal to the New Right (Cambridge University Press, 2014), the legal historian Sophia Z. Lee wants to understand why. She explores two major campaigns, stretching roughly from the 1920's to the 1980's, to establish constitutional safeguards in the workplace, uncovers their remarkable successes, and ultimate failures. It is a story of unlikely bedfellows: black, pro-union labor activists like C.W. Rice and Charles Houston fighting if not quite alongside then at least parallel to anti-union, right-to-work corporate leaders like Cecil B. DeMille and William T. Harrison for a similar goal to contrary ends. Lee finds that, contrary to what many think, civil rights groups like the NAACP were actively pursuing employment safeguards in the postwar era, using the “exclusive representation” granted by the New Deal to unions to make creative arguments for “state action” on the basis of the “duty of fair representation.” At the same time, conservatives sought to roll back the dramatic expansion of organized labor during the late 1930's and especially World War II (to a third of the non-agricultural workforce) by arguing that “closed shop” rules forced men to join unions and to pay for such things as lobbying. Initially, the courts rejected these latter petitions, during a time when corporations suffered from its Great Depression reputation. But in the late 1950's, as Congress uncovered corruption in select unions and the civil rights movement steadily grew, businessmen and liberal Republicans had far more success allying themselves with discrimination cases. The Supreme Court, for its part, was caught between not wanting to uphold segregation in labor, or to establish safeguards that would force integration on the entire private sector. Free marketers had nightmares about the racial and economic implications of a workplace Constitution, and unions did, too, for different reasons. With this deadlock, administrative agencies like the National Labor Relations Board and the Federal Communications Commission became fertile arenas for legal expansions. The result is a tale of absorbing complexity–thankfully, lucidly and beautifully written. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Americans believe they have a number of protections on the job, which are common in other democracies (free speech and privacy, defense against capricious firing, etc.). They are wrong. And in her fascinating new book The Workplace Constitution from the New Deal to the New Right (Cambridge University Press, 2014), the legal historian Sophia Z. Lee wants to understand why. She explores two major campaigns, stretching roughly from the 1920's to the 1980's, to establish constitutional safeguards in the workplace, uncovers their remarkable successes, and ultimate failures. It is a story of unlikely bedfellows: black, pro-union labor activists like C.W. Rice and Charles Houston fighting if not quite alongside then at least parallel to anti-union, right-to-work corporate leaders like Cecil B. DeMille and William T. Harrison for a similar goal to contrary ends. Lee finds that, contrary to what many think, civil rights groups like the NAACP were actively pursuing employment safeguards in the postwar era, using the “exclusive representation” granted by the New Deal to unions to make creative arguments for “state action” on the basis of the “duty of fair representation.” At the same time, conservatives sought to roll back the dramatic expansion of organized labor during the late 1930's and especially World War II (to a third of the non-agricultural workforce) by arguing that “closed shop” rules forced men to join unions and to pay for such things as lobbying. Initially, the courts rejected these latter petitions, during a time when corporations suffered from its Great Depression reputation. But in the late 1950's, as Congress uncovered corruption in select unions and the civil rights movement steadily grew, businessmen and liberal Republicans had far more success allying themselves with discrimination cases. The Supreme Court, for its part, was caught between not wanting to uphold segregation in labor, or to establish safeguards that would force integration on the entire private sector. Free marketers had nightmares about the racial and economic implications of a workplace Constitution, and unions did, too, for different reasons. With this deadlock, administrative agencies like the National Labor Relations Board and the Federal Communications Commission became fertile arenas for legal expansions. The result is a tale of absorbing complexity–thankfully, lucidly and beautifully written.
Americans believe they have a number of protections on the job, which are common in other democracies (free speech and privacy, defense against capricious firing, etc.). They are wrong. And in her fascinating new book The Workplace Constitution from the New Deal to the New Right (Cambridge University Press, 2014), the legal historian Sophia Z. Lee wants to understand why. She explores two major campaigns, stretching roughly from the 1920’s to the 1980’s, to establish constitutional safeguards in the workplace, uncovers their remarkable successes, and ultimate failures. It is a story of unlikely bedfellows: black, pro-union labor activists like C.W. Rice and Charles Houston fighting if not quite alongside then at least parallel to anti-union, right-to-work corporate leaders like Cecil B. DeMille and William T. Harrison for a similar goal to contrary ends. Lee finds that, contrary to what many think, civil rights groups like the NAACP were actively pursuing employment safeguards in the postwar era, using the “exclusive representation” granted by the New Deal to unions to make creative arguments for “state action” on the basis of the “duty of fair representation.” At the same time, conservatives sought to roll back the dramatic expansion of organized labor during the late 1930’s and especially World War II (to a third of the non-agricultural workforce) by arguing that “closed shop” rules forced men to join unions and to pay for such things as lobbying. Initially, the courts rejected these latter petitions, during a time when corporations suffered from its Great Depression reputation. But in the late 1950’s, as Congress uncovered corruption in select unions and the civil rights movement steadily grew, businessmen and liberal Republicans had far more success allying themselves with discrimination cases. The Supreme Court, for its part, was caught between not wanting to uphold segregation in labor, or to establish safeguards that would force integration on the entire private sector. Free marketers had nightmares about the racial and economic implications of a workplace Constitution, and unions did, too, for different reasons. With this deadlock, administrative agencies like the National Labor Relations Board and the Federal Communications Commission became fertile arenas for legal expansions. The result is a tale of absorbing complexity–thankfully, lucidly and beautifully written. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Americans believe they have a number of protections on the job, which are common in other democracies (free speech and privacy, defense against capricious firing, etc.). They are wrong. And in her fascinating new book The Workplace Constitution from the New Deal to the New Right (Cambridge University Press, 2014), the legal historian Sophia Z. Lee wants to understand why. She explores two major campaigns, stretching roughly from the 1920’s to the 1980’s, to establish constitutional safeguards in the workplace, uncovers their remarkable successes, and ultimate failures. It is a story of unlikely bedfellows: black, pro-union labor activists like C.W. Rice and Charles Houston fighting if not quite alongside then at least parallel to anti-union, right-to-work corporate leaders like Cecil B. DeMille and William T. Harrison for a similar goal to contrary ends. Lee finds that, contrary to what many think, civil rights groups like the NAACP were actively pursuing employment safeguards in the postwar era, using the “exclusive representation” granted by the New Deal to unions to make creative arguments for “state action” on the basis of the “duty of fair representation.” At the same time, conservatives sought to roll back the dramatic expansion of organized labor during the late 1930’s and especially World War II (to a third of the non-agricultural workforce) by arguing that “closed shop” rules forced men to join unions and to pay for such things as lobbying. Initially, the courts rejected these latter petitions, during a time when corporations suffered from its Great Depression reputation. But in the late 1950’s, as Congress uncovered corruption in select unions and the civil rights movement steadily grew, businessmen and liberal Republicans had far more success allying themselves with discrimination cases. The Supreme Court, for its part, was caught between not wanting to uphold segregation in labor, or to establish safeguards that would force integration on the entire private sector. Free marketers had nightmares about the racial and economic implications of a workplace Constitution, and unions did, too, for different reasons. With this deadlock, administrative agencies like the National Labor Relations Board and the Federal Communications Commission became fertile arenas for legal expansions. The result is a tale of absorbing complexity–thankfully, lucidly and beautifully written. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Americans believe they have a number of protections on the job, which are common in other democracies (free speech and privacy, defense against capricious firing, etc.). They are wrong. And in her fascinating new book The Workplace Constitution from the New Deal to the New Right (Cambridge University Press, 2014), the legal historian Sophia Z. Lee wants to understand why. She explores two major campaigns, stretching roughly from the 1920’s to the 1980’s, to establish constitutional safeguards in the workplace, uncovers their remarkable successes, and ultimate failures. It is a story of unlikely bedfellows: black, pro-union labor activists like C.W. Rice and Charles Houston fighting if not quite alongside then at least parallel to anti-union, right-to-work corporate leaders like Cecil B. DeMille and William T. Harrison for a similar goal to contrary ends. Lee finds that, contrary to what many think, civil rights groups like the NAACP were actively pursuing employment safeguards in the postwar era, using the “exclusive representation” granted by the New Deal to unions to make creative arguments for “state action” on the basis of the “duty of fair representation.” At the same time, conservatives sought to roll back the dramatic expansion of organized labor during the late 1930’s and especially World War II (to a third of the non-agricultural workforce) by arguing that “closed shop” rules forced men to join unions and to pay for such things as lobbying. Initially, the courts rejected these latter petitions, during a time when corporations suffered from its Great Depression reputation. But in the late 1950’s, as Congress uncovered corruption in select unions and the civil rights movement steadily grew, businessmen and liberal Republicans had far more success allying themselves with discrimination cases. The Supreme Court, for its part, was caught between not wanting to uphold segregation in labor, or to establish safeguards that would force integration on the entire private sector. Free marketers had nightmares about the racial and economic implications of a workplace Constitution, and unions did, too, for different reasons. With this deadlock, administrative agencies like the National Labor Relations Board and the Federal Communications Commission became fertile arenas for legal expansions. The result is a tale of absorbing complexity–thankfully, lucidly and beautifully written. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Americans believe they have a number of protections on the job, which are common in other democracies (free speech and privacy, defense against capricious firing, etc.). They are wrong. And in her fascinating new book The Workplace Constitution from the New Deal to the New Right (Cambridge University Press, 2014), the legal historian Sophia Z. Lee wants to understand why. She explores two major campaigns, stretching roughly from the 1920’s to the 1980’s, to establish constitutional safeguards in the workplace, uncovers their remarkable successes, and ultimate failures. It is a story of unlikely bedfellows: black, pro-union labor activists like C.W. Rice and Charles Houston fighting if not quite alongside then at least parallel to anti-union, right-to-work corporate leaders like Cecil B. DeMille and William T. Harrison for a similar goal to contrary ends. Lee finds that, contrary to what many think, civil rights groups like the NAACP were actively pursuing employment safeguards in the postwar era, using the “exclusive representation” granted by the New Deal to unions to make creative arguments for “state action” on the basis of the “duty of fair representation.” At the same time, conservatives sought to roll back the dramatic expansion of organized labor during the late 1930’s and especially World War II (to a third of the non-agricultural workforce) by arguing that “closed shop” rules forced men to join unions and to pay for such things as lobbying. Initially, the courts rejected these latter petitions, during a time when corporations suffered from its Great Depression reputation. But in the late 1950’s, as Congress uncovered corruption in select unions and the civil rights movement steadily grew, businessmen and liberal Republicans had far more success allying themselves with discrimination cases. The Supreme Court, for its part, was caught between not wanting to uphold segregation in labor, or to establish safeguards that would force integration on the entire private sector. Free marketers had nightmares about the racial and economic implications of a workplace Constitution, and unions did, too, for different reasons. With this deadlock, administrative agencies like the National Labor Relations Board and the Federal Communications Commission became fertile arenas for legal expansions. The result is a tale of absorbing complexity–thankfully, lucidly and beautifully written. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Welcome back to robinlofton.com where we are remembering history and we’re making history. Today we’re also studying history. We’re continuing our examination into the modern Civil Rights movement in the United States. In Part I, we looked at the early movement beginning around the turn of the century and some of the iconic people who set the stage for the modern movement. We looked at the transition of the movement into an organized and concerted effort toward ensuring equality and equal rights for African Americans. This was, by no means, a chance occurrence. Leaders in the African American community, particularly the churches, had been patiently awaiting the right moment, person, and opportunity to make a strong statement and begin the modern movement. On December 1, 1955, when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to get up her seat on a segregated bus, the movement was begun. The modern movement was marked by organized marches, protests, sit-ins, freedom rides and other acts of civil disobedience. These acts had various degrees of success in dismantling segregation. But more needed to be done on another front. This second front was in the legal system. The NAACP was the real leader on this front. Talented and committed lawyers like Charles Houston and Thurgood Marshall (maybe those names are familiar) worked tireless and fearlessly to argue cases in court, including the Supreme Court, to attack discriminatory laws and practices. In addition to invalidating these laws, civil rights leaders were also committed to the passage of new laws to guarantee equal rights and equal protection under the law. By the way, I want to point out that the civil rights movement (whether in the form of marches and protests or by fighting in the courts was a unified movement with one goal: equality). First, let’s look at the laws. Civil Rights Act of 1964 This was a main goal of the March on Washington; this was what the people wanted!! For years, civil rights leaders had been working to dismantle segregation and promote equality for African Americans. They had marched, protested and rallied. Yes, progress was made. Supreme Court judgments had been favorable. Some local practices were changed. But the country needed a law that would state clearly and unequivocally that discrimination would not be tolerated, that it was illegal. Following the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963, civil rights leaders met with President Kennedy who morally agreed with promoting civil rights legislation but seemed reluctant to pass any effective legislation at that time. However, President Johnson (a Southern democrat who succeeded President Kennedy after his assassination) made strong and bold moves to pass a civil rights bill. After many political moves and maneuvers (some that can only be considered legendary), Congress passed the civil rights bill. President Johnson signed the bill into law on July 2, 1964. The country finally had the Civil Rights Act. (I do want to add though that this was not the first civil rights law in the United States. The very first was in 1866, though President Andrew Johnson vetoed it at the last minute. The following year, Congress passed another civil rights bill and President Johnson again vetoed it but the Congress overrode that veto and the bill became a law. That’s a fascinating story and I wish that we had time to examine it but it will keep for another time.) So, what did the Civil Right Act of 1964 do? It was a sweeping and thorough attack on segregation. It outlawed discrimination in voting, education, public accommodations, employment and any federally-funded program. It also created the Equal Employment and Opportunity Commission. In eleven different sections (called titles), the Civil Rights Act of 1964 attacked segregation and discrimination in nearly every segment of life. It was, indeed, landmark legislation that set the scene for more specific and powerful legislation. While there was a lot to celebrate with the passage of this law, it did have its weaknesses, particularly in its enforcement powers. However, more and stronger laws were made possible by the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, namely the Civil Rights Act of 1968, which guaranteed and enforced fair housing and even much later, the Americans with Disabilities Act in 1990. A great law that marked the beginning of a new era. Lots of people worked hard and sacrificed a lot for this law. But the work was not done yet. The next law was truly legendary. Voting Rights Act of 1965 As we have discussed earlier, African Americans were continuing to be denied basic rights that were ensured by the U.S. Constitution. One of those fundamental rights was the right to vote. And this was one major focus of the Civil Rights Movement. Although the right to vote is guaranteed in the 15th Amendment, which was ratified in 1870, this did not prove sufficient to ensure that African Americans were allowed the right to vote. Instead, many states, especially in the southern part of the country, were prohibiting Blacks from registering to vote. This was done in many ways: literacy tests, grandfather clauses, poll taxes and other means. When these failed to deter Blacks from voting, some whites in the south used intimidation, threats, and often violence to keep Blacks from registering to vote. Civil rights group put the right to vote on the top of their agenda. (As you heard in the previous podcast, there were numerous marches, protests, and rallies that focused on the right to vote. These often turned violent because many southerners were determined to stop this from happening.) Fortunately, President Johnson was determined to pass a voting rights act to ensure that everyone was allowed to register. It was a long and difficult road but the Voting Rights Act was passed and signed into law on August 6, 1965. This was a major coup for civil rights. It largely restated the 15th Amendment but it went farther. Listen to Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965: It says, “No voting qualification or prerequisite to voting, or standard, practice, or procedure shall be imposed or applied by any State or political subdivision to deny or abridge the right of any citizen of the United States to vote on account of race or color.” Wow! That’s powerful and it was met with very mixed reviews. Before we look at that, let’s look at what else the Voting Rights Act did. It federalized the registration process in certain “resistant” states. It guaranteed federal enforcement of the law, allowing troops, oversight, or any other means to prevent a denial of voting rights on the basis of race or to ensure the right to vote to all citizens. While it did not specifically prohibit the poll tax, it did allow a challenge to the tax in the federal courts, which quickly invalided it. One of the most powerful parts of the Voting Rights Act (even more powerful than section 2) was Section 5. I won’t read it because it’s too long but it prevented states or any subdivision from making any changes that affect voting rights until the Attorney General determined that the changes did not have any discriminatory effect or purpose. That’s huge! Section 5 would be enforced in states that had demonstrated records of denying voting rights on the basis of race. Those states were: Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas, and Virginia. No surprises there, I think. Section 5 also applied in parts of California, North Carolina, New York and Florida. The VRA had an incredible impact on nearly every segment of American society. It was strongly enforced at the federal and state levels. Changes were quick. But more needed to be done. It was not the “miracle drug” that saved civil rights but it was a huge step in guaranteeing fundamental rights to every American. In June of that year, President Johnson made a speech at Howard University and he addressed this issue. He said, “The voting rights bill will be the latest, and among the most important, in a long series of victories. But this victory—as Winston Churchill said of another triumph for freedom—“is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end. But it is perhaps the end of the beginning. That beginning is freedom; and the barriers to that freedom are tumbling down. Freedom is the right to share, share fully and equally, in American Society—to vote, to hold a job, to enter a public place, to go to school. It is the right to be treated in every part of our national life as a person equal in dignity and promise to all others.” There is a lot more but it shows that he understood that the road toward complete freedom and equality is long and that the right to vote (while critical in a free society) is only one step on this journey of a thousand miles. Another step took place in the Supreme Court and that’s where we will turn right now. That was an exciting venue and it showed some of America’s brightest talent and skill. The Supreme Court had been both friend and foe to civil rights for African Americans. Some of its decisions acknowledged and protected Constitutional rights. Others completely denied rights to African Americans. The famous (or rather infamous) Dred Scott decision in 1857 was one of the worst decisions ever made in American jurisprudence. Justice Taney, writing for the Court, held: 1. Missouri Compromise, which made certain states free, was unconstitutional; 2. Congress could not prohibit slavery in any state; and 3. A slave could not sue because he was not a citizen. The South was ecstatic about this decision, which protected slavery. The North was furious. Justice Taney who wrote the opinion was a former slave owner as well as four other justices so the decision shouldn’t have been a surprise. Many people believed that this decision made the Civil War inevitable. I know that it certainly denied the basic right of citizenship to a free man born to enslaved parents. He stated, “A free negro of the African race, whose ancestors were brought to this country and sold as slaves, is not a “citizen” within the meaning of the Constitution of the United States.” Another bad case by the Supreme Court was Plessy v. Ferguson, decided in 1897. Plessy, who was part African American, attempted to sit in the white section of a railway car. He was arrested for violating Louisiana’s railroad law, which prohibited African Americans from sitting in the white section but also required a separate but equal section for African Americans. He challenged the law. The Supreme Court held that the Louisiana law was constitutional because the two separate sections were required to be equal. The effect of this case was to legalize racial segregation. Moreover, it created the concept of separate but equal as satisfying the equal protection requirement of the 14th Amendment. Those were definitely low points for the Court. Now, you’re gonna see the Supreme Court at its best. The Court wrote some of the BEST cases in American law during this period. Let’s take a look at a few of the cases. Brown v. Board of Education (1954) The Brown case is arguably the most famous case ever decided by the Supreme Court. Thirteen African American parents sued the Topeka Board of Education when they were not permitted to enroll their children in white schools. The Supreme Court held that racial segregation in public schools violated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Court held that separate but equal is an inherently unequal situation. This landmark case abolished segregation in public facilities. Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States (1964) This case changed the Court’s attention from segregation in the public sector to discrimination by private companies. The Court also changed “ammunition” by using interstate commerce clause of the U.S. Constitution. The Heart of Atlanta Motel refused to serve or house African Americans. The motel was located In Atlanta, Georgia near several interstate highways, advertised nationally, and served customers primarily from other states. The motel challenged the constitutionality of Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of this federal law on the basis of its protection of interstate commerce. The Court held that discrimination keeps African Americans from travelling throughout the country, which has a direct effect on interstate commerce. Congress is empowered to regulate any activity that affects interstate commerce. Therefore, Congress acted within its scope of power in passing the Civil Rights Act, which prohibits discrimination by private companies and individuals. This landmark case broadened Congressional power to regulate acts that directly or indirectly affect interstate commerce, which became a foundation for prohibiting and punishing discrimination. Loving v. Virginia (1967) The state of Virginia passed a law making it a felony for a Black and white person to get married. The Virginia Supreme Court upheld the law stating that it served the legitimate state purpose of preserving the “racial integrity” of its citizens. The Virginia court also stated that the statute punishes both parties so it did not violate the Equal Protection clause. The U.S. Supreme Court disagreed. It overturned the law stating that classifications based on race were subject to the most rigorous level of scrutiny. Hence, the fact that the law bans only interracial marriages involving White and Black people is proof that the law promotes arbitrary and invidious discrimination and, therefore, violates the Equal Protection clause of the 14th Amendment. To conclude this section on civil rights cases, I just want to note that the Supreme Court approached the issue of segregation in different and sometimes contradictory ways. It made wide-reaching decisions that have affected everyone. The days of “whites only” sections and schools have passed. The Supreme Court was an important though sometimes reluctant part of this process. Beginning with the Brown case, the Supreme Court moved strongly against discrimination in both the public and private sectors. It also expanded the scope of Congressional power to champion this cause. So, these were some of the more famous cases. I think that most people have heard of the Brown v. Board of Education case. I just wanted to mention a few other cases because they show that the Court was working to uphold the Constitution. This was probably the golden age of the Supreme Court; it was an activist court that upheld the rights and guarantees of the Constitution and boldly faced new issues and controversies with courage. So, let’s bring this part of the History is Power! Lecture to a close. The Civil Rights Movement was an exciting time. The country changed forever. People changed forever. But the story continues. In next month’s History is Power! Lecture, we will examine racial justice and other modern issues faced by African Americans. Jumping ahead, the problem of racial justice continues to elude African Americans. We will look at specific cases and events and how they have been handled. Some of these events occur in the criminal justice system, others are in the educational system. Still others are an economic issue. There is so much that needs to be done. There is still much to do. But many groups and individuals are working hard to make America into an equal and fair country for all of its citizens, regardless of race, gender, religion or orientation. I hope that you have enjoyed these two lectures on the Civil Rights Movement. There are, of course lots of movies, books and documentaries made about civil rights and I hope that you also enjoy them. There is so much to learn and you will learn of the courage and strong moral force of the protesters. And I would love to hear your opinion about them on robinlofton.com. We should share this great information. BTW, I would love your opinion about the new film, Selma, which opened in January. It received two Oscar nominations (I was hoping for more!) but I would like to know what you thought of the movie. And please remember that, for everyone who listens to this podcast, I will make a donation to the Association for the Study of African American Life & History. It’s a great organization and it’s an honor to support them. So, I look forward to seeing you again at robinlofton.com. Let’s remember history. And let’s make it.
Bill Moyers remembers his friend, renowned physician and mountaineer Charlie Houston
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