Podcasts about Second Sudanese Civil War

“Syria is a mix of everything. There are multiple Christian cultures, multiple Muslim cultures, and multiple languages. It’s the crossroads of the world. It made for some of my best travel memories from that time of my life.” —Rolf Potts In this episode of Deviate (which was remixed from an episode of Ari Shaffir’s You Be Trippin’ podcast), Rolf and Ari talk about when and why Rolf traveled to Syria back in the day, and what it was like when he got there (3:30); his experience in staying in a Christian monastery in the mountains outside of Damascus (18:30); Rolf’s journey to the Tigris River, his experience with the Kurds he met in a Syria-Turkey border town, and the types of food on offer in Syria (28:30); Rolf’s enjoyable experience of watching the movie Con Air on a long-distance bus in Syria, and his experience of going to a Sudanese refugee church in Damascus (37:00); Rolf’s experience of accepting hospitality from Syrian Kurds, the experience of eavesdropping on American music at an Aleppo hotel, and what it’s like to watch American movies in other countries (47:00); old travel clothing and gear that Rolf still uses 25 years on, and Rolf’s travel tips and next destinations (1:07:00). Ari Shaffir (@AriShaffir) is a comedian, writer, podcaster, and actor. He is the host of theYou Be Trippin’ podcast,. His latest comedy special, JEW, is available on YouTube. Notable Links: Ari Shaffir on Deviate (archive of podcast episodes) Paris Writing Workshops (Rolf’s travel memoir classes) 2011 Syrian revolution (protests and uprisings in Syria) Five Pillars of Islam (fundamental religious practices) Alawites (Arab ethnoreligious group) Ba’athism (Arab nationalist ideology) Qamishli (city on the Syria-Turkey border) Greater Kurdistan (geo-cultural region) Deir Mar Musa (Syriac Catholic monastery) Traveler ideals and hospitality in Syria (Deviate episode) Suicide door (style of automobile door) KDP (Kurdistan Democratic Party) No-fly zone (area protected from specific aircraft) Fuul (Egyptian stew of cooked fava beans) Con Air (1997 movie) Hannibal Lecter (fictional character) Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005 conflict) Marco Polo Didn’t Go There, by Rolf Potts (book) Ibn Battuta (14th century Arab traveler) Benjamin of Tudela (12th century Jewish traveler) Anthem Soul (Rolf’s 2001 radio essay about Syria) James Brown (American singer) Djellaba (unisex robe worn in North Africa) Souvenir, by Rolf Potts (book) Tortuga (travel backpack brand) Vanuatu (South Pacific island nation) Animism (belief system) Cargo Cult (Melanesian spiritual movement) The Deviate theme music comes from the title track of Cedar Van Tassel's 2017 album Lumber. Note: We don't host a “comments” section, but we're happy to hear your questions and insights via email, at deviate@rolfpotts.com.

The following episode is not just about a story of survival—this is a story of profound resilience, of rising from the ashes of unimaginable hardship and emerging stronger, more empowered, and with a deep sense of purpose. Our guest Rebecca Deng's life is a testament to the human spirit's ability to thrive, even after the darkest of times.Rebecca Deng has lived through what most of us can't even begin to imagine. At just four years old, her life was torn apart by the Second Sudanese Civil War. Her peaceful village in South Sudan became a battlefield, and she found herself on a harrowing journey of survival.The Second Sudanese Civil War was an incredibly violent conflict that spanned 22 years. It involved child soldiers, slavery, mass atrocities, and the deaths of over two million people. The scale of destruction and suffering is nearly incomprehensible. For Rebecca Deng, however, this war was not a distant or abstract event—it was her reality. Forced to flee her home, Rebecca lived in Kakuma Refugee Camp in Kenya for nearly a decade, before she became one of the Lost Girls of Sudan. Of the 4,000 Sudanese refugees granted resettlement in the United States, only 89 were girls, making Rebecca's journey both extraordinary and rare.In her remarkable memoir, What They Meant for Evil, Rebecca takes us through the unimaginable terror of her childhood, but even more importantly, she shows us the incredible power of resilience, hope, and faith. Her story is one of survival, about reclaiming identity, finding purpose, and transforming pain into a force for good.Today Rebecca will share her extraordinary journey with us, discussing how she navigated trauma, found strength through faith, and became a powerful advocate for refugees and women around the world. Her insights on how to choose kindness and goodness even after witnessing the worst of humanity offer a profound lesson for all of us, especially in times of adversity.I am deeply honored to bring you this conversation with Rebecca Deng—her story is one of the most compelling examples of the human spirit's ability to heal, forgive, and inspire change.Episode highlights:01:29 Life in Kakuma Refugee Camp01:50 Rebecca's Memoir and Resilience05:35 Finding Hope Amidst Darkness11:45 The Role of Faith in Overcoming Trauma24:51 Navigating Cultural Identity32:43 The Transformative Power of Education35:44 The Power of Critical Thinking and Open-Mindedness36:36 The Role of Education in Shaping Perspectives37:06 Personal Reflections on Education and Learning38:00 The Second Sudanese Civil War: A Personal Perspective39:52 International Community's Role in Conflict Resolution42:42 Challenges Faced by Women and Girls in Conflict Zones49:31 Advocating for Refugees and Policy Changes58:17 The Importance of Forgiveness in Healing01:05:48 Hopes and Future for South Sudan01:10:42 Closing Remarks and Final ThoughtsResources mentioned:UNICEF profile on Rebecca DengWhat They Meant for Evil by Rebecca DengGuest's social handles:FacebookP.S. If you enjoy this episode and feel it helps to elevate your life, please give us a rating or review. And if you feel others may benefit from this podcast as well,...

On this episode of the Beyond Jaws podcast, we dive into the remarkable journey of Igbal Elhassan, who pursued a PhD in shark science amidst a civil war. Despite facing immense challenges, she persevered and earned her degree. Join hosts Andrew Lewin and Dr. David Ebert as they explore Iqbal's inspiring story and her contributions to the field of shark science. Connect with us: Website: https://bit.ly/37TMqeKInstagram: https://bit.ly/3eorwXZ Beyond Jaws is supported by Save Our Seas Website: https://saveourseas.com/ Dave:  Website: https://www.lostsharkguy.com/ Instagram: https://bit.ly/3q1J9Q5 Andrew: Website: https://www.speakupforblue.com/ Instagram: https://bit.ly/37g5WkG Igbal Elhassan's journey to complete her PhD during a civil war exemplifies her remarkable determination and resilience. Despite the turmoil and challenges of living in a war-torn country, she persevered in her pursuit of higher education and shark science. She faced the daunting task of fleeing her home country due to the civil war, yet she continued her research and studies in different locations, showcasing her unwavering commitment to her passion for shark conservation. Throughout the episode, it becomes evident that Igbal's dedication to shark science goes beyond the ordinary challenges faced by most researchers. She not only had to navigate the complexities of conducting research in a region with limited resources and infrastructure but also had to deal with personal losses and the constant threat of danger due to the civil unrest in her country. Despite these adversities, she remained focused on her goals and continued to work towards completing her PhD and contributing to the field of shark science. Igbal's story serves as an inspiration to aspiring researchers and conservationists, highlighting the importance of resilience and perseverance in the face of adversity. Her ability to overcome obstacles and continue her work in shark conservation under such challenging circumstances is a testament to her strength and dedication. By sharing her experiences, Igbal not only sheds light on the realities of conducting research in conflict zones but also underscores the significance of conservation efforts in regions affected by war and instability. Igbal's work in shark science in Sudan and other regions highlights the importance of conservation efforts in areas with limited resources and ongoing conflicts. Throughout the episode, Igbal shared her incredible journey of pursuing a PhD in shark science while facing the challenges of civil war in her country. Despite the difficult circumstances, she continued her research and conservation efforts, demonstrating a strong commitment to protecting shark species in regions where resources are scarce and conflicts are prevalent. Igbal's dedication to studying sharks in Sudan, Yemen, Eritrea, and other areas around the Red Sea showcases the critical need for conservation initiatives in these regions. She conducted research on shark identification, breeding seasons, food habits, and geographical distribution, providing valuable insights into the shark populations in these areas. Her work not only contributes to the scientific understanding of shark species but also raises awareness about the importance of conservation in regions facing political instability and resource limitations. Furthermore, Igbal's efforts to engage with local communities, fishermen, and government authorities to raise awareness about shark conservation highlight the importance of community involvement in conservation efforts. By conducting training workshops, educating fishermen, and advocating for sustainable fishing practices, Iqbal is actively working towards the conservation of shark species in these challenging environments. Overall, Igbal's work exemplifies the resilience and determination required to conduct conservation efforts in regions affected by conflict and limited resources. Her story serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of protecting marine biodiversity in all corners of the world, especially in areas where conservation efforts are often overlooked due to ongoing conflicts and resource constraints. The Sacrifices and Dedication of Pursuing a Passion for Shark Research and Conservation The story of Igbal Elhassan, as shared in the podcast episode, serves as a poignant reminder of the immense sacrifices and unwavering dedication required to pursue a passion for shark research and conservation. Iqbal's journey is a testament to the resilience and determination of individuals who are committed to studying and protecting these magnificent creatures, even in the face of adversity. Civil War Challenges: Igbal pursued her PhD in shark science during a civil war in her country, Sudan. Despite the turmoil and dangers surrounding her, she continued her research, highlighting the extraordinary lengths she went to in order to follow her passion. Relocation and Loss: Igbal had to relocate multiple times due to the civil war and the separation of South Sudan. This resulted in personal losses and challenges, including the loss of relatives. Her ability to persevere through such hardships showcases the sacrifices made in the pursuit of shark research. Field Work Challenges: Igbal's fieldwork experiences, such as accompanying fishing boats and facing risks at sea, demonstrate the physical and emotional challenges involved in conducting research in remote and sometimes dangerous locations. Her determination to collect data and study sharks under difficult circumstances underscores the dedication required in this field. Gender Barriers: As a woman working in a male-dominated society and field, Igbal faced additional obstacles and cultural norms that made her work even more challenging. Her ability to navigate these barriers and continue her research showcases her resilience and commitment to her passion. Awareness and Conservation Efforts: Despite the challenges, Igbal engaged in awareness campaigns and worked towards shark conservation, even without external funding. Her efforts to educate fishermen and communities about the importance of shark conservation highlight her dedication to making a positive impact in the field. In conclusion, Igbal Elhassan's story exemplifies the sacrifices, challenges, and unwavering dedication required to pursue a passion for shark research and conservation. Her resilience in the face of adversity serves as an inspiration to all aspiring shark scientists and conservationists, emphasizing the importance of perseverance and commitment in the pursuit of protecting these vital marine species.

During the Second Sudanese Civil War, thousands of South Sudanese boys were displaced from their villages or orphaned in attacks from northern government troops. Many became refugees in Ethiopia. There, in 1989, teacher and community leader Mecak Ajang Alaak assumed care of the Lost Boys in a bid to protect them from becoming child soldiers. So began a four-year journey from Ethiopia to Sudan and on to the safety of a Kenyan refugee camp. Together they endured starvation, animal attacks and the horrors of landmines and aerial bombardment. This eyewitness account by Mecak Ajang Alaak's son, Yuot, is the extraordinary true story of a man who never ceased to believe that the pen is mightier than the gun.In this episode Gregory Dobbs chats to Yuot Alaak about life for the Dinka people of South Sudan before the civil wars, the terrible life for a child soldier, and the wonders of arriving in the city of Adelaide as a Sudanese refugee.

During the Second Sudanese Civil War, thousands of South Sudanese boys were displaced from their villages or orphaned in attacks from northern government troops. Many became refugees in Ethiopia. There, in 1989, teacher and community leader Mecak Ajang Alaak assumed care of the Lost Boys in a bid to protect them from becoming child soldiers. So began a four-year journey from Ethiopia to Sudan and on to the safety of a Kenyan refugee camp. Together they endured starvation, animal attacks and the horrors of landmines and aerial bombardment. This eyewitness account by Mecak Ajang Alaak's son, Yuot, is the extraordinary true story of a man who never ceased to believe that the pen is mightier than the gun. In this episode Gregory Dobbs chats to Yuot Alaak about life for the Dinka people of South Sudan before the civil wars, the terrible life for a child soldier, and the wonders of arriving in the city of Adelaide as a Sudanese refugee.

Content warning for discussion of genocide, torture, mutilation, rape, and slavery Hey, Hi, Hello, this is the History Wizard and welcome back for Day 11 of Have a Day w/ The History Wizard. Thank you to everyone who tuned in for Day 10 last week, and especially thank you to everyone who rated and/or reviewed the podcast. I hope you all learned something last week and I hope the same for this week. This week marks the 3rd part of our mini series of currently ongoing genocides and humanitarian crises. Episode 2 was on Palestine, Episode 11 was on Congo, today's episode will be on Sudan. The nation of Sudan is currently dealing with, among other things we'll cover in detail later in this episode, the largest deplacement campaign of anywhere on the planet with over 9 million people being displaced from their homes by war and genocide. It always feels a little weird transitioning into this part of the episode, but it's now time for the Alchemist's Table. I've invented nearly 90 cocktails over the past 2 years and this one remains my very favorite. It's called the No True Scotsman. Take 2 oz of your scotch whiskey of choice, though I'd recommend a light Islay scotch, something like a Bowmore, or maybe a Campbeltown like Glen Scotia. Then add .75 oz of Frangelico, 1 oz of Maple syrup. Shake this like your life depends on it and pour over ice. Top the drink with ginger beer and enjoy. Now, fortified as we are by uisce beatha, the waters of life, let's get into it. So, what is happening in Sudan, right now? A civil war officially started between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the the Rapid Support Forces that grew out of the Janjaweed militias that were so prevalent in the Darfur Genocide. The war officially began on 15 April 2023 and is still ongoing. But, in order to understand what is happening right now, we need to understand what was happening in the 19th century under British and Egyptian colonialism in the region. So, let's starts at as much of the beginning as we can. Let's start at the Mahdist War. Following Muhammad Ali's invasion (no, a different Muhammad Ali)  in 1819, Sudan was governed by an Egyptian administration. Throughout the period of Egyptian rule, many segments of the Sudanese population suffered extreme hardship because of the system of taxation imposed by the central government. Under this system, a flat tax was imposed on farmers and small traders and collected by government-appointed tax collectors from the Sha'iqiyya tribe of northern Sudan. Throughout the century, and especially after Egypt was floundering to pay the costs of the Suez Canal, Britain got more and more involved. In the late 19th century a war broke out between the Mahdist Sudanese, led by Muhammad Ahmad bin Abdullah, who had proclaimed himself the "Mahdi" of Islam (the "Guided One"), and the forces of the Khedivate of Egypt, initially, and later the forces of Britain. Eighteen years of war resulted in the creation of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1899–1956), a de jure condominium of the British Empire, and the Kingdom of Egypt, in which Britain had de facto control over Sudan. Sudan officially voted for independence in 1956 and became its own independent republic. Although it achieved independence without conflict, Sudan inherited many problems from the condominium. Chief among these was the status of the civil service. The government placed Sudanese in the administration and provided compensation and pensions for British officers of Sudan Political Service who left the country; it retained those who could not be replaced, mostly technicians and teachers. Khartoum achieved this transformation quickly and with a minimum of turbulence, although southerners resented the replacement of British administrators in the south with northern Sudanese. To advance their interests, many southern leaders concentrated their efforts in Khartoum, where they hoped to win constitutional concessions. Although determined to resist what they perceived to be Arab imperialism, they were opposed to violence. Most southern representatives supported provincial autonomy and warned that failure to win legal concessions would drive the south to rebellion. To understand the issues in Sudan we need to understand that, ultimately, this is a religious and ethnic conflict between the mostly Islamic North and the largely Christian and animist South regions in the nation of Sudan. On November 17, 1958, the day parliament was to convene, a military coup occurred. Khalil, himself a retired army general, planned the preemptive coup in conjunction with leading Umma members and the army's two senior generals, Ibrahim Abboud and Ahmad Abd al Wahab, who became leaders of the military regime. Abboud immediately pledged to resolve all disputes with Egypt, including the long-standing problem of the status of the Nile River. Abboud abandoned the previous government's unrealistic policies regarding the sale of cotton. He also appointed a constitutional commission, headed by the chief justice, to draft a permanent constitution. Abboud maintained, however, that political parties only served as vehicles for personal ambitions and that they would not be reestablished when civilian rule was restored. Despite the Abboud regime's early successes, opposition elements remained powerful. In 1959 dissident military officers made three attempts to displace Abboud with a "popular government." Although the courts sentenced the leaders of these attempted coups to life imprisonment, discontent in the military continued to hamper the government's performance. In particular, the Sudanese Communist Party (SCP) gained a reputation as an effective anti-government organization. To compound its problems, the Abboud regime lacked dynamism and the ability to stabilize the country. Its failure to place capable civilian advisers in positions of authority, or to launch a credible economic and social development program, and gain the army's support, created an atmosphere that encouraged political turbulence. A revolution in 1964 returned the nation to civilian rule, but did little to remove the preceding issues that plagued Sudan. This all brings us within the context of the First Sudanese Civil War. This war was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the southern Sudan region that demanded representation and more regional autonomy. The war was divided into four major stages: initial guerrilla warfare, the creation of the Anyanya insurgency, political strife within the government and establishment of the South Sudan Liberation Movement. Around a million people died over the course of the nearly 17-year long war. The war would end with the signing of the Addis Ababa Accord, which created two main things. A South Sudanese Autonomous Region, and relative peace, if only for about a decade. The Second Sudanese Civil War would break out in 1983. Some sources describe the conflict as an ethnoreligious one where the Arab-Muslim central government's pursuits to impose Sharia law on non-Muslim southerners led to violence, and eventually to the civil war. Historian Douglas Johnson has pointed to exploitative governance as the root cause. This war lasted for some 22 years, making it one of the longest civil wars in recorded Human History. Roughly two million people died as a result of war, famine and disease caused by the conflict. Four million people in southern Sudan were displaced at least once, normally repeatedly during the war. The civilian death toll is one of the highest of any war since World War II and was marked by numerous human rights violations, including slavery and mass killings. Perhaps one of the greatest horrors and tragedies of the Second Sudanese Civil War was the use of child soldiers. Armies from all sides enlisted children in their ranks. The 2005 agreement required that child soldiers be demobilized and sent home. The Sudan People's Liberation Army (the SPLA, by the way, was founded in 1983 as a rebel group to reestablish the South as an autonomous region after president Nimeiry declared the South to officially be part of a fully reunited Sudan.) claimed to have let go 16,000 of its child soldiers between 2001 and 2004. However, international observers (UN and Global Report 2004) have found demobilized children have often been re-recruited by the SPLA. As of 2004, there were between 2,500 and 5,000 children serving in the SPLA.  There was also a revival of slavery during the Second Civil War, it was largely directed at southern Christians, on the grounds that Islamic law allegedly allowed it, and also at women, many of whom were kept as sex slaves and repeatedly raped. The Second Civil War ended officially in 2002 with the signing of the Naivasha Agreement. This guaranteed autonomy for the South for 6 years after which a referendum would be help to vote for official independence. This war ended with roughly 2 million people, mostly civilians, dead of drought and famine caused in large parts by the fighting. Still, while the Second Civil War ended in 2005, it overlapped with a crisis that my generation is very familiar with and that is still, technically, ongoing to this day. I am speaking, of course, of the Darfur Genocide that began in 2003 and has not ended to this day. The War in Darfur, which is also sometimes called the Land Cruiser War, because there were a LOT of Toyota Land Cruiser pick up trucks on both sides of the war, began in February 2003 when the Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) rebel groups began fighting against the government of Sudan, which they accused of oppressing Darfur's non-Arab population.  So first let's talk real quick about the SLM and the JEM. When General Omar al-Bashir and the National Islamic Front headed by Dr. Hassan al-Turabi overthrew the Sudanese government led by Ahmed al-Mirghani in 1989. A large section of the population in Darfur, particularly the non-Arab ethnicities in the region, became increasingly marginalized. These feelings were solidified in 2000 by the publication of The Black Book, which detailed the structural inequity in the Sudan that denies non-Arabs equal justice and power sharing. In 2002 Abdul Wahid al-Nur, a lawyer, Ahmad Abdel Shafi Bassey, an education student, and a third man founded the Darfur Liberation Front, which subsequently evolved into the Sudan Liberation Movement and claimed to represent all of the oppressed in the Sudan. The Black Book, also known as The Black Book: Imbalance of Power and Wealth in the Sudan detailed how, despite the Arabic people of North Sudan making up 5.4% of the population they still held 79.5% of the wealth in the nation. So in this context, beyond being a war and genocide based on ethnicity and religion we can see economic reasons for the war. There was a massive disparity between the haves and the have nots, and Karl Marx would tell us that this is the foundation and origin of all of history's great wars.  Now, the Justice and Equality Movement trace their origin to the writers of The Black Book: Imbalance of Power and Wealth in the Sudan, a manuscript published in 2000 that details what it views as the structural inequality in the country; the JEM's founder, Khalil Ibrahim, was one of the authors. The JEM claims to number around 35,000 with an ethnically diverse membership. According to critics it is not the "rainbow of tribes" it claims to be, as most JEM members, including its leader, are from the Zaghawa tribe. The JEM is part of the Sudan Revolutionary Front (SRF), an alliance of groups opposed to the Government of Sudan. The Darfur Genocide has it's roots in the same places as all geocides. One group, who feels themselves superior to all others, decided that the best way to deal with these divisive elements in their society is to try and kill them. We saw the same type of conflict in the Armenian genocide of the early 20th century. The Northern Sudanese government saw the non Arabic elements of South Sudan as threats to their power in the region and so decided to kill them. The use of rape as a tool of genocide has been noted as well. This crime has been carried out by Sudanese government forces and the Janjaweed ("evil men on horseback") paramilitary groups. The actions of the Janjaweed have been described as genocidal rape, with not just women, but children as well. There were also reports of infants being bludgeoned to death, and the sexual mutilation of victims being commonplace. One thing I want to make sure we mention is that the President of Sudan during the Darfur genocide has had arrest warrants issued against him by the ICC. He has been charged with five counts of crimes against humanity: murder, extermination, forcible transfer, torture, and rape; two counts of war crimes: intentionally directing attacks against a civilian population as such or against individual civilians not taking part in hostilities, and pillaging; three counts of genocide: by killing, by causing serious bodily or mental harm, and by deliberately inflicting on each target group conditions of life calculated to bring about the group's physical destruction, allegedly committed at least between 2003 and 2008 in Darfur, Sudan. To this day he remains at large and is not in custody. I say remains at large. We, more or less, know where he is. As of 2019 al-Bashir was ousted from his political role by the RSF in a military coup and jailed in Khartoum. Tensions rose between the RSF and the SLM and in 2023 they erupted, once again, into a civil war in Sudan. This brings us, more or less, up to modern day Sudan and the current conflict. To put it as simply as possible, ethnic and religious tensions between the Arabic north and the Christian south have exploded into a full scale war in a period of drought and famine. Roughly 9 million people have been displaced and pretty much everyone who lives in Sudan is without adequate food and water. The United Arab Emirates, among other nations are actively supporting the RSF in their continued subjugation of South Sudan and are actively contributing to the ongoing Darfur genocide. Roughly 80% of Sudanese hospitals no longer exist, and the World Food Programe has indicated that some 95% of Sudanese people are in a state of massive food insecurity. On 3 August 2023, Amnesty International released its report on the conflict. Titled Death Came To Our Home: War Crimes and Civilian Suffering In Sudan, it documented "mass civilian casualties in both deliberate and indiscriminate attacks" by both the SAF and the RSF, particularly in Khartoum and West Darfur. It also detailed sexual violence against women and girls as young as 12, targeted attacks on civilian facilities such as hospitals and churches, and looting. Early March 2024, the UN Panel of Experts on Sudan, mandated by Resolution 2620 (2022) of the UN Security Council, published their latest report. It described the wide-ranging devastation and violence in the country, caused in many cases by the RSF and associated militias. With regard to war crimes in West Darfur, the report estimated the death rate through ethnic cleansing of the Masalit community in El Geneina between 10,000 and 15,000. In her speech before the Security Council Committee, Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield, the US Representative to the United Nations, commented: "It is my hope that the sobering report will at long last shake the world from its indifference to the horrors playing out before our eyes." In April 2024, the Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights released a report into breaches of the Genocide Convention in Darfur. The independent report found that there is "clear and convincing evidence" that the RSF and its allied militias "have committed and are committing genocide against the Masalit," a non-Arab ethnic group, and that all 153 states that have signed the Genocide Convention are "obligated to end complicity in and employ all means reasonably available to prevent and halt the genocide." It goes on to say that there is "clear and convincing evidence" that Sudan, the United Arab Emirates, Libya, Chad, the Central African Republic (CAR) and Russia via the actions of the Wagner Group are "complicit in the genocide." The ongoing genocide and refugee crisis in Sudan can, absolutely trace its roots to British imperialism, but beyond that it is part of an ongoing religious conflict between Islam and Christianity dating back all the way to the Crusades. The conflict between the SAF and the RSF is ongoing and shows no signs of slowing down or stopping. While these two groups fight for control over Sudan millions of innocent civilians are dying due to lack of access to food and water. Civil war and genocide is ongoing against the Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa ethnic groups and against the general non-Arabic Muslim peoples of Sudan. This conflict has been going on for so long that we have all but forgotten about it. I was in high school and engaging in political activism to end the Darfur genocide. This was nearly 20 years ago. I'm old as hell. There are so many horrible crimes and genocides that exist in the world today. Please don't forget about these suffering people. Genocide relies on existing for long enough that it becomes part of the background. None of this is normal. Never again is right now. That's it for this week folks. No new reviews, so let's get right into the outro. Have a Day! w/ The History Wizard is brought to you by me, The History Wizard. If you want to see/hear more of me you can find me on Tiktok @thehistorywizard or on Instagram @the_history_wizard. Please remember to rate, review, and subscribe to Have a Day! On your pod catcher of choice. The more you do, the more people will be able to listen and learn along with you. Thank you  for sticking around until the end and, as always, Have a Day, and Free Sudan  

Maker Marial is a former Lost Boy of Sudan who came of age during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1987-2005). His family and village were attacked, friends and relatives killed…and he began a years-long process  to rebuild his shattered life.He has written a memoir of his experience. It is shocking, it is amazing and wonderful. Listen as he talks about the incredible events in his life and how relationships helped open doors.Read his memoir, Coming Home on a Known Road: A Sudanese Refugee's Journey from War to Progress available on Amazon.com and IngramSpark.com.Music composed by Dale EnstromSupport the showEast Africa NGO is sponsored by TeaminFaith.org

"As one of the 27,000 “Lost Boys of Sudan”, John Dau has experienced challenges that most people could never imagine. As a young man, he fled his home during the Second Sudanese Civil War, spending much of his adolescence as a refugee fleeing hostile militias, fighting against extreme hunger and thirst, and leading thousands of young boys just like him across hundreds upon hundreds of miles in search of safety.Today, John Dau is a compelling motivational speaker whose life is defined by his uncompromised commitment to having a lasting impact on the future of his native country." [1]In our conversation, John recounts his incredible story for us, and his activities since, including founding the John Dau foundation, which provides crucial medical and nutritional services to the citizens of South Sudan. To get involved and donate, please visit johndaufoundation.org.[1] https://johndaufoundation.org/

Tune in as the Office of Spiritual Development interviews Rebecca Deng. Rebecca Deng, of South Sudan's Dinka tribe, is one of the 89 Lost Girls who came to the United States in 2000 as a refugee after living eight years in Kakuma Refugee Camp in northern Kenya. The violence she experienced as a child during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005) has given her a deep empathy for children and young adults who face similar situations today. She became a US citizen in 2006. Today Rebecca is an international speaker and advocate for women and children who have been traumatized and victimized by war. She has spoken at the United Nations and served as a Refugee Congress delegate at the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Washington DC. She also led a sixty-five person team of referendum workers at the 2011 Out of the Country Voting Center for the South Sudanese Independence Referendum. She worked with the American Bible Society's Mission Trauma Healing program, formerly called She's My Sister. This episode ties in closely with our Kauffman Initiative Fall Series. If you want to know more about the Kauffman Initiative, check out this site: Kauffman Initiative Fall Series. To receive the 10 part Fall 2020 Kauffman Series, please sign up here: Free Registration.

Lual Mayen is a gaming developer and a former refugee from South Sudan who was born in the midst of his family's search journey for safety. His mother saved $300 for 3 years to buy his first laptop and he walked 3 hrs daily to teach himself how to play and then build video games. Salaam, the game Mayen originally developed so children in the camp could understand the concept of peace, became a worldwide sensation. Fast forward 3 years, He's now the CEO of Junub Games at DC, creating the next version of Salaam to teach people empathy. In October 2020 [as we record this!], he founded Lual Mayen Foundation to empower refugees through technology, restore hope, and shine a light on the hardships for refugees worldwide through education and employment. He was honored with the Global Citizen Gaming Award 2018, South Sudan Diaspora Award 2019, appeared on ABC New, World Economic Forum,  C-SPAN and many more media If you just google his name. We felt incredibly honored to interview such an inspiring entrepreneur and philanthropist.  We talked about how life is different in the US vs the refugee camp, how his passion and purpose took him to the US and what he's planning to do to give back through his company and his foundation. Talking to him reaffirms that happiness principles are the same everywhere and how far purpose and passions can take us. More details on Lual's Journey prior to coming to the US: During the Second Sudanese Civil War, the Bor Massacre occurred, killing about 2000 civilians in Bor. His parents were displaced and alone. By foot, they fled from violence. Lual was born on the road finding their final settlement. Other camps were opened in Nimule and Mungali where they finally settled. Life wasn't easy because the LRA (Lord's Resistance Army) started to attack and killed massive amounts of people. His family was constantly fearful for their lives and it was common to see neighbors and friends in the camp beaten to death. Hi family finally moved to the refugee camp in Northern Uganda in Arua District, where he lives until 22 years old. Salaam, his video game, was initially developed so children in the camp could understand the concept of peace. Because the Internet was not reliable at the camp, his team would distribute it to other refugees via Bluetooth and WiFi sharing. One day, his friends had a crazy idea to upload it to a Facebook page. He uploaded it on his page, and that was when the world took notice. 

Mr. Bol Maywal is a US citizen born in Khartoum, Sudan just before the Second Sudanese Civil War. He grew up in the United States and lived in Charlotte, North Carolina. He is the author of A Mother's Promise: A Civil War Survivor and Her Pursuit of American Dream. https://www.linkedin.com/in/bolmaywal/

John Dau, also known as Dhieu-Deng Leek, is one of the Lost Boys of Sudan who was featured in the 2006 award-winning documentary God Grew Tired of Us. Today, he is a father himself and a human rights activist for the people of South Sudan. In 2007, he founded the John Dau Foundation which aims to transform healthcare in South Sudan. Dau was born into the Dinka tribe in war-torn Sudan. In 1987, his village of Duk Payuel in Duk County, Jonglei was attacked by government troops involved in the Second Sudanese Civil War between the Muslim-controlled government in northern Sudan and the non-Muslims in Southern Sudan. The violence scattered his family, and Dau was forced to travel on foot for three months until reaching the relative safety of Ethiopia. Dau stayed in a refugee camp in Ethiopia for four years, but when civil war broke out in the region, he was once again forced to flee. As one of thousands of “Lost Boys of Sudan,” Dau wandered hundreds of miles and faced disease, starvation, animal attacks and violence, until arriving in Kenya. While living in the Kenyan Kakuma refugee camp, he attended school for the first time. In 2001, he was one of 3,800 young Sudanese refugees resettled in the United States. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

A child of Africa, trained to be a child soldier, Deng Mayik Atem came to the United States in 1995 and received his College Degree from Arizona State University. Deng Mayik Atem was one of the first Lost Boys of the Sundan to arrive in America.  The Lost Boys of Sudan were over 20,000 boys of the Nuer and Dinka ethnic groups who were displaced or orphaned during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005); He hopes that his soon to be published memoir, "A Journey Across Worlds," with Kenneth Weene, will help Americans to understand the plight of South Sudan refugees, and the people of his homeland to understand the rest of the world.Host Celeste Duckworth and featured Guest Deng Mayik Atem as we talk about his journey from the wars in the Sudan to America and his passion, to help the children of South Sudan.Sunday, Oct 16th at 3:00 PM MST - 5:00 PM Central - 6:00 PM ESTAs part of his personal efforts to help the children of South Sudan, Deng asks you to support The Foundation for the Children of South Sudan.Hear this podcasts at VERTIKAL Live Radio @ITunes, Sticher, Mixcloud, and Soundcloud.  Interested in Advertising on our podcasts for TheReading Room, contact info@vertikallifemagazine.com for advertising opportunities. 

A child of Africa, trained to be a child soldier, Deng Mayik Atem came to the United States in 1995 and received his College Degree from Arizona State University. Deng Mayik Atem was one of the first Lost Boys of the Sundan to arrive in America.  The Lost Boys of Sudan were over 20,000 boys of the Nuer and Dinka ethnic groups who were displaced or orphaned during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005); He hopes that his soon to be published memoir, "A Journey Across Worlds," with Kenneth Weene, will help Americans to understand the plight of South Sudan refugees, and the people of his homeland to understand the rest of the world.Host Celeste Duckworth and featured Guest Deng Mayik Atem as we talk about his journey from the wars in the Sudan to America and his passion, to help the children of South Sudan.Sunday, Oct 16th at 3:00 PM MST - 5:00 PM Central - 6:00 PM ESTAs part of his personal efforts to help the children of South Sudan, Deng asks you to support The Foundation for the Children of South Sudan.Hear this podcasts at VERTIKAL Live Radio @ITunes, Sticher, Mixcloud, and Soundcloud.  Interested in Advertising on our podcasts for TheReading Room, contact info@vertikallifemagazine.com for advertising opportunities. 

Season 2, Episode 15: Positive thinking can help us manage daily stress in all areas of our lives. Positivity begins with personal motivation, and the Living Full Out Show provides the perfect platform to jump start positive thinking. From our jobs to our interpersonal relationships, positivity can completely transform how we feel about ourselves and the people we are surrounded by. Given the ups and downs that life brings, it can be difficult to remain positive in times of adversity and struggle. However, positive thinking ultimately gives us the keys to unlocking our best selves. Our first caller Wafaa has dealt with being overcritical of herself and others because of a need to be perfect or to be the best. Listen as Nancy shows Wafaa how failure can build character and create personal growth. Our second caller Tim has been feeling misunderstood and alienated by his friends and family. Tune in to hear how Nancy gives Tim suggestions on how to use different methods of communication to best connect with the people he is closest to in his life. Today’s inspirational guest is Jacob Atem, a survivor of the Second Sudanese Civil War. At the age of six, Jacob was caught in the crossfire of the brutal conflict, which claimed the lives of his parents and some of his siblings. Tune in to hear how Jacob used his faith in God to overcome the hardships of being a child refugee and how he found personal freedom upon migrating to the United States.Our last caller is Cynthia, who wants to know how long she should wait to start dating again after divorcing her partner of 30 years. Hear how Cynthia can use the challenges from her past relationship to create an even stronger connection in her next relationship. Sometimes it can feel like the most difficult thing in the world is thinking positively when times are tough. But as difficult as it can be, positivity truly changes the way that we perceive our daily challenges. By focusing on the positive, we are able to put our problems into perspective and make moves to overcome the obstacles in our lives. Positivity is more than just a personal mantra; it can be your first step to living full out.

Season 2, Episode 15: Positive thinking can help us manage daily stress in all areas of our lives. Positivity begins with personal motivation, and the Living Full Out Show provides the perfect platform to jump start positive thinking. From our jobs to our interpersonal relationships, positivity can completely transform how we feel about ourselves and the people we are surrounded by. Given the ups and downs that life brings, it can be difficult to remain positive in times of adversity and struggle. However, positive thinking ultimately gives us the keys to unlocking our best selves. Our first caller Wafaa has dealt with being overcritical of herself and others because of a need to be perfect or to be the best. Listen as Nancy shows Wafaa how failure can build character and create personal growth. Our second caller Tim has been feeling misunderstood and alienated by his friends and family. Tune in to hear how Nancy gives Tim suggestions on how to use different methods of communication to best connect with the people he is closest to in his life. Today’s inspirational guest is Jacob Atem, a survivor of the Second Sudanese Civil War. At the age of six, Jacob was caught in the crossfire of the brutal conflict, which claimed the lives of his parents and some of his siblings. Tune in to hear how Jacob used his faith in God to overcome the hardships of being a child refugee and how he found personal freedom upon migrating to the United States.Our last caller is Cynthia, who wants to know how long she should wait to start dating again after divorcing her partner of 30 years. Hear how Cynthia can use the challenges from her past relationship to create an even stronger connection in her next relationship. Sometimes it can feel like the most difficult thing in the world is thinking positively when times are tough. But as difficult as it can be, positivity truly changes the way that we perceive our daily challenges. By focusing on the positive, we are able to put our problems into perspective and make moves to overcome the obstacles in our lives. Positivity is more than just a personal mantra; it can be your first step to living full out.

I am one of the “Lost Boys of Sudan," a name given to over 20,000 boys of the Nuer and Dinka ethnic groups who were displaced and/or orphaned during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005), a war in which 2.5 million people were killed or displaced. I am originally from Bor, in a small village in South Sudan. In 1987 when I was six years old, my village was attacked by an insurgent group from North Sudan, led by Omar al-Bashir. The attack left the majority of people dead and many were dispersed. Huts and livestock were burned. I still recall the sound of the gunshots and the screams of the people begging for help. This was the first time in my life that I experienced and understood the meaning of fear. I was young, confused and scared. This was also the moment that separated me from my family for a few hours, which has turned into two decades. I remember thinking that I would return home once the attackers left. Unfortunately home is still a far off place. I fled my village and thus began my journey as a refugee. Through all these painful moments in life, I knew that someday I would find happiness. Indeed, my past is what has kept me going in life. It is when I look at what I have overcome to get here that I most clearly see my future. I have been fortunate to realize some of my dreams. When I came to the United States in 2000, I attended North Penn High School in Lansdale, PA, where I graduated. I then got accepted to Temple University and graduated in 2008. In May 2011, I graduated with my master's in International Peace and Conflict Resolution from Arcadia University. Currently, I recently graduated with my second master degree at Cornell University in MPA in Economics and Financial policy. I have truly been motivated by the challenges and hardships I endured when I fled Sudan because of civil war.  https://www.facebook.com/aajok?pnref=story

Margaret Nagle is a top Hollywood screenwriter. She's in Ireland as her new film The Good Lie premiers here tomorrow night. It stars Reese Witherspoon and tells the story of four child refuges who were orphaned during the Second Sudanese Civil War and resettled in America.

Francis Piol Bol Bok (born February 1979), a Dinka tribesman and native of South Sudan, was a slave for ten years but is now an abolitionist and author living in the United States. On May 15, 1986, he was captured and enslaved at age seven during an Arab militia raid on the village of Nymlal in South Sudan during the Second Sudanese Civil War.[1] Bok lived in bondage for ten years before escaping imprisonment in Kurdufan, Sudan, followed by a journey to the United States by way of Cairo, Egypt.[1][2] Bok was aided by people of diverse cultures and faiths in his journey to freedom. His earliest steps towards the United States were helped by a Northern Sudanese Muslim family that believed that slavery was wrong and provided him a bus ticket to Khartoum.[3] Upon arriving in Khartoum, Bok was aided by fellow Dinka tribesman and members of the Fur people, and his trip to the United States was paid for by members of the Lutheran church. His first point of contact in the United States was a refugee from Somalia who helped him get settled in Fargo, North Dakota.[4][5]“