Marketplace Morning Report

Researchers figure livestock herds contribute between 12% and 20% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. That's mostly methane from the digestive process. But a study from UC Davis finds that, when fed seaweed early on, cattle's microbiome can be altered, reducing the amount of methane emissions. But first, the Federal Reserve is expected to cut interest rates by a quarter of a percentage point — though they have limited data to go off of.

Bankruptcies appear to be mounting in the subprime auto lending business. This all comes as auto loan delinquencies are rising, and the price of new and used cars stays stubbornly high. Amid all this, the Trump administration is quietly exploring a rollback of federal supervision of subprime auto lenders. Then, could federal law override state law that prevents medical debt from affecting your credit score? Plus, OpenAI goes from non-profit to for-profit.Correction (Oct. 29, 2025): The introduction for the story about Consumer Financial Protection Bureau oversight of auto loan lenders in this episode contained an error that has been corrected. The threshold for which companies the CFPB can investigate involves how many loans those companies originate.

From the BBC World Service: U.S. President Donald Trump is in South Korea for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum, or APEC. As U.S. tariffs in the region loom large, he'll also be meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping tomorrow. Plus, Ben Cohen — co-founder of Ben and Jerry's — says he's launching a new, Palestinian-themed melon-flavored sorbet after previous attempts were blocked by the firm's parent company Unilever. And, life-saving, 3D-printed equipment is coming to some Syrian hospitals.

More than half of homeowners say their insurance premiums went up in the last year, according to Consumer Reports. The biggest culprits? Inflation, construction costs, and extreme weather. In response, Consumer Reports has drawn up what it calls a "Homeowners Insurance Bill of Rights," which it hopes will be adopted by states around the country. Today, we'll hear more. But first, Elon Musk has released an artificial intelligence-powered rival to Wikipedia.

The Federal Reserve's Open Market Committee starts a two-day meeting on interest rates today. Most of the government data the Fed usually considers when voting on rates isn't available because of the shutdown. We did get a tardy consumer price index report last Friday, though, and the Fed also produces some data itself. But can that paint a clear enough economic picture? Also: why workplace insurance premiums are likely to climb.

From the BBC World Service: During the financial crisis of 2008, the crimes of Bernie Madoff came to light. The ripple effects of his Ponzi scheme — one of the biggest frauds in Wall Street's history — are still being felt today. Now, banking giant HSBC has put aside over $1 billion for litigation related to Madoff. And later, we'll learn more about India's hard-hit carpet industry and a sports betting scandal in Turkey.

The federal shutdown is already having intense effects on unpaid federal workers. But we could be approaching a tipping point. In a memo, the USDA says about 42 million people will not get their SNAP benefits, starting Saturday. We'll hear more. Also, even if we don't get an inflation report, consumers are still pinched by rising prices. And, will Canada's transportation systems be ready for the FIFA World Cup next year?

Price increases are price increases, and consumers will bemoan inflation no matter the cause, right? Maybe not so much. Research shows that consumers tend to view inflation brought on by tariffs in a different light. Today, University of Chicago economist Alex Imas joins the program and uses behavioral economics to help make sense of it. But first, Louisiana will be building the first “rare earths separation facility” in the U.S.

From the BBC World Service: The Association of Southeast Asian Nations summit is underway in Malaysia. So far, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Malaysia have all struck a series of trade agreements with President Donald Trump. Then, the party of Argentinian President Javier Milei saw major wins in Sunday's midterm elections, despite widespread discontent with deep austerity measures. And we'll learn about preparations for next summer's FIFA World Cup, which will be hosted jointly by the U.S., Canada, and Mexico in 16 different cities.

Small businesses are feeling the squeeze as tariffs and material costs climb. Rob Lehmann is the founder of Fair Wind Fasteners, a supplier of nuts, bolts, and screws. He explains how fluctuating import costs and trade policies are reshaping his operations. From sourcing metal to keeping prices steady for customers, we hear a firsthand view of what it takes to stay afloat in a volatile economy. Plus: President Trump said he is ending trade negotiations with Canada pardoned the founder of the Binance cryptocurrency exchange.

The price of a barrel of Brent Crude oil is just over $66 this morning — about 6% higher than it was before President Trump announced new sanctions on a couple of Russian oil companies on Wednesday. Today, we'll hear how global oil traders are responding and what it could mean for consumers at the pump. Then, from Marketplace's "How We Survive," we'll learn about the climate impacts of factory farming.

From the BBC World Service: President Donald Trump has abruptly cut off all trade talks with America's northern neighbor. Trump was responding to an anti-tariff ad paid for by the province of Ontario, which featured a clip of former President Ronald Reagan speaking negatively about tariffs. About three-quarters of Canada's exports go to the U.S.; many now face a 35% Levy. Plus, it's been a turbulent week for gold prices, but what's causing the recent downturn?

As the weather gets colder, many lower-income Americans will depend on LIHEAP, a program that helps them heat their homes. Receiving LIHEAP assistance to keep the heat on was a reality for over 5 million American households in fiscal year 2024. But existing funds are running low, and future funds are stalled during the shutdown. Also: markets react to the continued federal shutdown, and the Trump administration plans to take stakes in several quantum computing companies.

In a Truth Social post on Wednesday, President Donald Trump said cattle ranchers “have to get their prices down.” Trump also claimed that the high tariffs he placed on imports from Brazil are the reason ranchers are doing well, but the reality is more complicated. Today, we'll explore why there's no quick fix for high beef prices. We'll also learn what role regenerative farming can play in meeting consumers' beef demands going forward.

From the BBC World Service: In an effort to pressure Moscow to negotiate a peace deal in Ukraine, the United States has announced new sanctions on Russian oil. The sanctions effectively blacklist two of Russia's major oil export companies, and that has big implications for both India and China, which rely heavily on Russian oil imports. And then recent talks to make the shipping industry greener have stalled. So what's the industry doing to cut emissions?

Earlier this month, Tesla unveiled cheaper versions of some of its most popular cars. Other automakers are also promising to discount EVs or roll out more affordable models. This all comes following the end of federal tax credits that knocked as much as $7,500 off the price of a new EV. Also: a proposal that could grant crypto firms access to Fed infrastructure and a check-in with Cuba's tourism minister.

Netflix is trying a new strategy to make more money: It's worked out a deal to stream some podcasts from Spotify, which have both audio and video. The deal means access to more consumer data and a new audience. And it's a move against a common competitor: YouTube. Also on the show: a change in tune on crytpo from a Federal Reserve leader and OpenAI's very own web browser.

From the BBC World Service: Experts have estimated that the cyberattack on Jaguar Land Rover — which halted car production there for multiple weeks — cost the carmaker roughly $2.55 billion, making the breach the most expensive in the country's history. We'll do the numbers. And later in the program, tourism has long played a central part in Cuba's economy. So what impact have the Trump administration's new sanctions had?

The Trump administration has moved to axe many Biden-era green initiatives. One project impacted is in Middletown, Ohio — the hometown of Vice President JD Vance. Environmentalists had hoped that the conversion of a steel plant there from coal to hydrogen-powered furnaces could be a blueprint for future eco-friendly upgrades, but that project has been canceled. Also on the show: collective bargaining rights for Uber and Lyft drivers in California and a U.S.-Australia alliance concerning rare earth metals.

Silver hit an all-time high last week. Helping fuel that rally is a physical shortage; global demand for silver has been outstripping supply since 2020. We'll hear about the supply of silver, which has more industrial uses than its flashier cousin, gold. Also, a Brazilian oil giant will start drilling near the mouth of the Amazon River. And coming soon to a convenience store near you: individual mini Coke cans.

From the BBC World Service: Japan elected its first female prime minister, Sanae Takaichi, and the Nikkei 225 index surged to a record high. But the conservative leader, who models herself after former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, will have to tackle a range of economic challenges: a falling population, a rise in the cost of living, and sluggish growth. Plus, a federal green tech funding pullback in the U.S. is hitting Vice President JD Vance's hometown.

Agriculture is notoriously susceptible to the whims of the elements. Farmers and ranchers can see their entire livelihoods turn on one bad hailstorm or ill-timed heat wave, which are more frequent as our planet continues to warm. Today, we'll head to Colorado to hear about an apprenticeship program that's embedding climate literacy into its teachings. But first: the value of the dollar, this morning's web outages, and pain for small- and mid-sized businesses.

There's been a major outage of Amazon Web Services, the Amazon system that does computing for other companies. The list of impacted sites and platforms is lengthy: Facebook, Snapchat, Reddit, Fortnite, Lyft, McDonald's, Robinhood, and Amazon itself, to name a few. We'll hear more. Plus, altcoins are poised to take a step into the financial mainstream, and China plans its economic future as it deals with tariff fallout and slowing economic growth.

From the BBC World Service: As members of China's ruling Communist Party gather to discuss the country's economic plans for the next five years, news that growth has slowed to a one-year low hangs over proceedings. Then, Bolivia's next president has said a priority will be tackling his country's economic crisis. And as Diwali — the Hindu festival of light — begins, we'll ask how consumers in India are dealing with the rising price of gold, which is central to gift-giving there.

Global stocks took a hit today. There was red across the board from New York to Japan as investors have started to worry about the health of regional banks in the U.S., and the recent bankruptcies of an auto lender and car parts manufacturer. We'll learn the latest. Also, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce is suing to block the Trump administration's planned visa charges, and fewer international travelers are opting to come to the States.

Rates on 30-year mortgages fell again this week to an average of 6.27%, according to FreddieMac. That could boost consumer spending on home improvements in 2026, new research finds — and be driven by homeowners locked in with lower rates who recognize that an addition or coat of paint is less daunting than starting over in this housing market. Also on the show: a check-in on regional banks and a bite of a carbon fat croissant, from the latest season of Marketplace's "How We Survive."

From the BBC World Service: A landmark agreement to reduce carbon emissions from global shipping is in danger of collapsing after President Donald Trump intervened. We'll unpack. Then, Singles' Day — China's biggest online shopping event — typically takes place on Nov. 11 but has started early this year as weak consumption dogs the world's second-largest economy. Plus, the global tattoo industry could grow to $6.5 billion by 2033. We talk with artists about the state of the tattoo biz.

U.S. and Chinese officials are getting together on the sidelines of International Monetary Fund and World Bank meetings in Washington to try and preserve a fraying trade truce. Yesterday, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent offered a ray of hope, ahead of a planned meeting between President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping later this month. Plus, what economic picture is non-governmental data painting right now? And, we'll hear how some countries are vying for a piece of the AI revolution.

Retailers are getting ready for the most magical time of their year: holiday shopping season. Holiday spending is expected to tick up, though that's driven mostly by higher prices. We'll hear more. Plus, the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund supports mission-driven lenders operating in rural, tribal, and otherwise underserved parts of the country. President Donald Trump recently tried to fire the entire staff of the CDFI as part of recent federal job cuts.

From the BBC World Service: A major legal claim has been filed in the United Kingdom against pharmaceutical giant Johnson & Johnson, accusing the firm of knowingly selling baby powder contaminated with asbestos. The case mirrors American litigation, where billions of dollars in damages have been awarded to plaintiffs. Plus, President Donald Trump says India will stop buying Russian oil. And, how can countries outside the biggest players — the U.S. and China — get plugged into AI infrastructure?

It's a big week for bank earnings. JPMorgan, Wells Fargo, and Citigroup reported quarterly results on Tuesday; Bank of America and Morgan Stanley report on Wednesday. Overall, banks are pulling in plenty of revenue — especially from their investment banking and trading departments. But the old-fashioned business of lending out money has been more of a mixed bag. We'll unpack. Also on the show: a major cryptocurrency scam and the economics of Broadway contract negotiations.

Joel Mokyr is a professor at Northwestern University, who — along with Philippe Aghion and Peter Howitt — won the Nobel prize in economics earlier this week. Today, Mokyr joins the program to discuss how major technological changes can boost economic growth — that is, if politics and institutions can adapt quickly enough. Plus, why the bankruptcies of First Brands and Tricolor Holdings are raising questions about private credit markets and big banks' exposure to them.

From the BBC World Service: Greece's government is voting on a bill authorizing private sector employees to work up to 13 hours a day, if both employee and employer agree. Labor unions have called mass strikes in protest, paralyzing the public sector. This comes as Greece faces high debt, rising inflation, and lower wages than much of the European Union. Plus, Japan is holding its biggest-ever technology trade show, centered on integrating AI into our daily lives.

There are almost 250,000 Chinese students in the U.S. this fall. That's a 36% drop from the 2017 peak. For Chinese students still wanting to study abroad, America remains the top destination, but geopolitics, safety concerns, and persistent inflation are making the U.S. a less attractive place to receive a higher education. And later, Switzerland is facing 39% tariffs from the U.S. How are businesses there faring?

Paychecks are grinding to a halt for federal employees as the government shutdown enters its third week. A 2019 law entitles furloughed workers to back pay (though the Trump administration is claiming otherwise), but there are no pay guarantees for millions of government contract workers, who outnumber federal employees nearly two to one. Also on the show: which new tariffs kicked in last night, and why megadeals are driving merger and acquisition activity.

From the BBC World Service: Chief executives have been urged to plan for computer security breaches by going back to pen and paper. The U.K. government told CEOs to plan offline contingencies after a number of high-profile attacks on companies — hacks that cost global brands millions of dollars. We'll learn more. Plus, delegates are in London for U.N. talks aimed at reducing the environmental impact of global shipping. And, we'll hear about the impact of tariffs on Swiss businesses.

Marketplace doesn't always cover the goings-on of the Holy See. But when he highlights the need to combat poverty, it seems like a pretty good time to do so. In his first teaching last week, Pope Leo XIV called into question some basic tenets of mainstream economics and focused on the gap between the rich and the poor. Today, we discuss. Also on the show: the research of Nobel laureate economists and Trump's attempts to calm markets over China trade.

This morning, the winners of the Nobel Prize in economics — three professors whose work centers on technological innovation and what helps economies grow — were announced. Marketplace senior economics contributor Chris Farrell joins the program to discuss their research. Plus, the USDA notified states that they need to make big changes to SNAP eligibility, work requirements, and who's covering costs. But advocates worry about the tight deadline for changes.

From the BBC World Service: Trade tensions are flaring as Beijing responds to President Donald Trump's threats to tack an additional 100% tariff on Chinese goods. China has warned of "corresponding measures," though new data shows that China's exports are booming. So does China still need the U.S.? Then, Nigeria produces nearly 40% of the world's shea nuts, which sustains a multibillion-dollar trade in cosmetics, food, and medicine. But new trade restrictions are being felt throughout the shea nut supply chain.

Federal programs and funding play an important role in Indian Country, because of the government's trust responsibility to provide or fund services to tribal nations in exchange for ceded land that now comprises the United States. That relationship also means that shutdowns hit tribal nations particularly hard. We'll learn what that means for services like health care and food distribution programs. Then, a lifelong Las Vegas resident reflects on the city's economic slowdown.

The travel and tourism industry contributes $2.9 trillion to the U.S. economy — more than the size of the automotive industry. But can travel and tourism thrive at a time when the United States is working to overhaul border and trade policy? We'll hear how some Trump administration policies are affecting business on the ground in Las Vegas, Nevada. Plus, the U.S. has finalized its $20 billion bailout of Argentina's currency.

From the BBC World Service: The European Union's new Entry/Exit System will be rolled out on Sunday, but there have been warnings it could cause delays at passport control. The change affects all countries in the Schengen area. Then, India's southern state of Karnataka — home to Bengaluru, the country's Silicon Valley — has approved one day of paid menstrual leave per month. Also: the NBA in China and AI at Versailles.