Podcast appearances and mentions of hackett publishing

We continue with our special “Ask us anything” episode to celebrate the centenary of the This IS Research podcast. This time, we handle questions such as “do we have to worry about ontology?" - No; "should we engage in community building?" Yes; and “what have you learned from the podcast?” A whole lot - and we hope you have learned a thing or two along the way as well. Episode reading list Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83(2), 340-363. James, W. (1907). Pragmatism:  A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking. Hackett Publishing. Gal, U., Berente, N., & Chasin, F. (2022). Technology Lifecycles and Digital Innovation: Patterns of Discourse Across Levels of Abstraction: A Study of Wikipedia Articles. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 23(5), 1102-1149. Faik, I., Barrett, M., & Oborn, E. (2020). How Information Technology Matters in Societal Change: An Affordance-Based Institutional Perspective. MIS Quarterly, 44(3), 1359-1390. Leonardi, P. M. (2010). Digital Materiality? How Artifacts Without Matter, Matter. First Monday, 15(6), . Goebeler, L., Hukal, P., & Xiao, X. (2024). Four Roles of Physicality in Digital Innovation: A Theoretical Review. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 33(4), 101862. Faulkner, P., & Runde, J. (2019). Theorizing the Digital Object. MIS Quarterly, 43(4), 1279-1302. Dwivedi, Y. K., Kshetri, N., Hughes, L., Slade, E. L., Jeyaraj, A., . . . Wright, R. T. (2023). "So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Opportunities, Challenges and Implications of Generative Conversational AI for Research, Practice and Policy. International Journal of Information Management, 71, 102642. 

Immanuel Kant was popular at his death. The whole town emptied out to see him. His last words were "it is good". But was his philosophy any good? In order to find out, we dive into Chapter 7 of Conjectures and Refutations: Kant's Critique and Cosmology, where Popper rescues Kant's reputation from the clutches of the dastardly German Idealists. We discuss Deontology vs consquentialism vs virtue ethics Kant's Categorical Imperative Kant's contributions to cosmology and politics Kant as a defender of the enlightenment Romanticism vs (German) idealism vs critical rationalism Kant's cosmology and cosmogony Kant's antimony and his proofs that the universe is both finite and infinite in time Kant's Copernican revolution and transcendental idealism Kant's morality Why Popper admired Kant so much, and why he compares him to Socrates Quotes Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-imposed immaturity. Immaturity is the inability to use one's understanding without guidance from another. This immaturity is self-imposed when its cause lies not in lack of understanding, but in lack of resolve and courage to use it without guidance from another. Sapere Aude! "Have courage to use your own understanding!" --that is the motto of enlightenment. - An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment? (Translated by Ted Humphrey, Hackett Publishing, 1992) (Alternate translation from Popper: Enlightenment is the emancipation of man from a state of self-imposed tutelage . . . of incapacity to use his own intelligence without external guidance. Such a state of tutelage I call ‘self-imposed' if it is due, not to lack of intelligence, but to lack of courage or determination to use one's own intelligence without the help of a leader. Sapere aude! Dare to use your own intelligence! This is the battle-cry of the Enlightenment.) - C&R, Chap 6 What lesson did Kant draw from these bewildering antinomies? He concluded that our ideas of space and time are inapplicable to the universe as a whole. We can, of course, apply the ideas of space and time to ordinary physical things and physical events. But space and time themselves are neither things nor events: they cannot even be observed: they are more elusive. They are a kind of framework for things and events: something like a system of pigeon-holes, or a filing system, for observations. Space and time are not part of the real empir- ical world of things and events, but rather part of our mental outfit, our apparatus for grasping this world. Their proper use is as instruments of observation: in observing any event we locate it, as a rule, immediately and intuitively in an order of space and time. Thus space and time may be described as a frame of reference which is not based upon experience but intuitively used in experience, and properly applicable to experience. This is why we get into trouble if we misapply the ideas of space and time by using them in a field which transcends all possible experience—as we did in our two proofs about the universe as a whole. ... To the view which I have just outlined Kant chose to give the ugly and doubly misleading name ‘Transcendental Idealism'. He soon regretted this choice, for it made people believe that he was an idealist in the sense of denying the reality of physical things: that he declared physical things to be mere ideas. Kant hastened to explain that he had only denied that space and time are empirical and real — empirical and real in the sense in which physical things and events are empirical and real. But in vain did he protest. His difficult style sealed his fate: he was to be revered as the father of German Idealism. I suggest that it is time to put this right. - C&R, Chap 6 Kant believed in the Enlightenment. He was its last great defender. I realize that this is not the usual view. While I see Kant as the defender of the Enlightenment, he is more often taken as the founder of the school which destroyed it—of the Romantic School of Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel. I contend that these two interpretations are incompatible. Fichte, and later Hegel, tried to appropriate Kant as the founder of their school. But Kant lived long enough to reject the persistent advances of Fichte, who proclaimed himself Kant's successor and heir. In A Public Declaration Concerning Fichte, which is too little known, Kant wrote: ‘May God protect us from our friends. . . . For there are fraudulent and perfidious so-called friends who are scheming for our ruin while speaking the language of good-will.' - C&R, Chap 6 As Kant puts it, Copernicus, finding that no progress was being made with the theory of the revolving heavens, broke the deadlock by turning the tables, as it were: he assumed that it is not the heavens which revolve while we the observers stand still, but that we the observers revolve while the heavens stand still. In a similar way, Kant says, the problem of scientific knowledge is to be solved — the problem how an exact science, such as Newtonian theory, is possible, and how it could ever have been found. We must give up the view that we are passive observers, waiting for nature to impress its regularity upon us. Instead we must adopt the view that in digesting our sense-data we actively impress the order and the laws of our intellect upon them. Our cosmos bears the imprint of our minds. - C&R, Chap 6 From Kant the cosmologist, the philosopher of knowledge and of science, I now turn to Kant the moralist. I do not know whether it has been noticed before that the fundamental idea of Kant's ethics amounts to another Copernican Revolution, analogous in every respect to the one I have described. For Kant makes man the lawgiver of morality just as he makes him the lawgiver of nature. And in doing so he gives back to man his central place both in his moral and in his physical universe. Kant humanized ethics, as he had humanized science. ... Kant's Copernican Revolution in the field of ethics is contained in his doctrine of autonomy—the doctrine that we cannot accept the command of an authority, however exalted, as the ultimate basis of ethics. For whenever we are faced with a command by an authority, it is our responsibility to judge whether this command is moral or immoral. The authority may have power to enforce its commands, and we may be powerless to resist. But unless we are physically prevented from choosing the responsibility remains ours. It is our decision whether to obey a command, whether to accept authority. - C&R, Chap 6 Stepping back further to get a still more distant view of Kant's historical role, we may compare him with Socrates. Both were accused of perverting the state religion, and of corrupting the minds of the young. Both denied the charge; and both stood up for freedom of thought. Freedom meant more to them than absence of constraint; it was for both a way of life. ... To this Socratic idea of self-sufficiency, which forms part of our western heritage, Kant has given a new meaning in the fields of both knowledge and morals. And he has added to it further the idea of a community of free men—of all men. For he has shown that every man is free; not because he is born free, but because he is born with the burden of responsibility for free decision. - C&R, Chap 6 Socials Follow us on Twitter at @IncrementsPod, @BennyChugg, @VadenMasrani Come join our discord server! DM us on twitter or send us an email to get a supersecret link Become a patreon subscriber here (https://www.patreon.com/Increments). Or give us one-time cash donations to help cover our lack of cash donations here (https://ko-fi.com/increments). Click dem like buttons on youtube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_4wZzQyoW4s4ZuE4FY9DQQ) Follow the Kantian Imperative: Stop masturbating and/or/while getting your hair cut, and start sending emails over to incrementspodcast@gmail.com.

Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Utilitarianism.net Updates, published by Richard Y Chappell on September 17, 2024 on The Effective Altruism Forum. Lots of exciting news from utilitarianism.net: (I) We now offer expert-translated versions of the website in Spanish and German (with Portuguese coming soon). (II) We've just published four new guest essays covering important topics: 1. Moral Psychology and Utilitarianism, by Lucius Caviola & Joshua Greene, explores the psychology behind common anti-utilitarian intuitions, and the normative and practical implications of empirical psychology. As they conclude, "A deeper understanding of moral psychology won't, by itself, prove utilitarianism right or wrong. But it can help us assess utilitarianism in a more informed way." 2. Utilitarianism and Voting, by Zach Barnett, offers a timely examination of the instrumental value of voting well. (Spoiler: it can be very high!) 3. Expected Utility Maximization, by Joe Carlsmith & Vikram Balasubramanian,[1] aims to convey an intuitive sense of why expected utility maximization is rational, even when it recommends options with a low chance of success. (I'll definitely be using this in my teaching.) 4. Welfare Economics and Interpersonal Utility Comparisons, by Yew-Kwang Ng, argues that objections to interpersonal utility comparisons are overblown - luckily for us, as such comparisons are thoroughly indispensable for serious policy analysis. (III) An official print edition of the core textbook is now available for preorder from Hackett Publishing. (All author royalties go to charity.) The folks at Hackett were absolutely wonderful to work with, and I deeply appreciate their willingness to commercially publish this print edition while leaving us with the full rights to the (always free and open access) web edition. The print edition includes a Foreword from Peter Singer and Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek, and sports high praise from expert reviewers. Instructors considering the text for their classes can request a free examination copy here (before Nov 1). Here I'll just share the conclusion, to give you a sense of the book's framing and ambitions: Conclusion (of the textbook) In this book, we've (i) laid out the core elements of utilitarian moral theory, (ii) offered arguments in support of the view, (iii) highlighted the key practical implications for how we should live our lives, and (iv) critically explored the most significant objections, and how utilitarians might respond. Utilitarianism is all about beneficence: making the world a better place for sentient beings, without restriction. As a consequentialist view, it endorses rules only when those rules serve to better promote overall well-being. Utilitarianism has no patience for rules that exist only to maintain the privilege of those who are better off under the status quo. If a change in the distribution of well-being really would overall be for the better, those who stand to lose out have no veto right against such moral progress. Many find this feature of the view objectionable. We think the opposite. Still, we recognize the instrumental importance of many moral rules and constraints for promoting overall well-being. The best rules achieve this by encouraging co-operation, maintaining social stability, and preventing atrocities. In principle, it could sometimes be worth breaking even the best rules, on those rare occasions when doing so would truly yield better overall outcomes. But in practice, people are not sufficiently reliable at identifying the exceptions. So for practical purposes, we wholeheartedly endorse following reliable rules (like most commonsense moral norms) - precisely for their good utilitarian effects. As a welfarist view, utilitarianism assesses consequences purely in terms of well-being for sentient beings: positive well-being is the sole int...

Delve into the enigmatic practices, sacred rituals, and esoteric beliefs that shaped the spiritual & philosophical landscape of the ancient Hellenic world. From the Eleusinian Mysteries to the Oracle at Delphi, Pythagoreans and the writings of Plato, join us as we unravel the mysticism that infused every aspect of ancient Greek life, exploring the aspects that continues to captivate our imaginations today.Sources/Recomended Reading: Bowden, Hugh (2010). "Mystery cults in the Ancient World". Thames and Hudson Ltd. Burkert, William (1982). "Greek Religion". Harvard University Press. Burkert, William (1988). "Ancient Mystery Cults". Harvard University Press. Cooper, John M. et. al (translated by) (1997). "Plato: Complete Works". Hackett Publishing. Dodds, E.R. (2004). "The Greeks & The Irrational". University of California Press. Evans, Nancy A. “Sanctuaries, Sacrifices, and the Eleusinian Mysteries.” Numen, Vol. 49, No. 3 (2002): 227-254. Mylonas, George E. “Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries.” The Classical Journal, Vol. 43, No. 3 (1947): 130-146. Ustinova, Yulia (2017). "Divine Mania: Alterations of Consciousness in Ancient Greece". Routledge. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

John D. Hosler's book Seven Myths of Military History (Hackett Publishing, 2022) "offers snapshots of seven pernicious myths in military history that have been perpetrated on unsuspecting students, readers, moviegoers, game players, and politicians. It promotes awareness of how myths are created by 'the spurious misuse and ignorance of history' and how misleading ideas about a military problem, as in asymmetric warfare, can lead to misguided solutions. Both scholarly and engaging, this book is an ideal addition to military history and historical methodology courses. In fact, it could be fruitfully used in any course that teaches critical thinking skills, including courses outside the discipline of history. Military history has a broad appeal to students, and there's something here for everyone. From the so-called 'Western Way of War' to its sister-myth, technological determinism, to the ‘academic party game' of once-faddish ‘Military Revolutions,' the book shows that while myths about history may be fun, myth busting is the most fun of all." —Reina Pennington, Norwich University Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

John D. Hosler's book Seven Myths of Military History (Hackett Publishing, 2022) "offers snapshots of seven pernicious myths in military history that have been perpetrated on unsuspecting students, readers, moviegoers, game players, and politicians. It promotes awareness of how myths are created by 'the spurious misuse and ignorance of history' and how misleading ideas about a military problem, as in asymmetric warfare, can lead to misguided solutions. Both scholarly and engaging, this book is an ideal addition to military history and historical methodology courses. In fact, it could be fruitfully used in any course that teaches critical thinking skills, including courses outside the discipline of history. Military history has a broad appeal to students, and there's something here for everyone. From the so-called 'Western Way of War' to its sister-myth, technological determinism, to the ‘academic party game' of once-faddish ‘Military Revolutions,' the book shows that while myths about history may be fun, myth busting is the most fun of all." —Reina Pennington, Norwich University Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

John D. Hosler's book Seven Myths of Military History (Hackett Publishing, 2022) "offers snapshots of seven pernicious myths in military history that have been perpetrated on unsuspecting students, readers, moviegoers, game players, and politicians. It promotes awareness of how myths are created by 'the spurious misuse and ignorance of history' and how misleading ideas about a military problem, as in asymmetric warfare, can lead to misguided solutions. Both scholarly and engaging, this book is an ideal addition to military history and historical methodology courses. In fact, it could be fruitfully used in any course that teaches critical thinking skills, including courses outside the discipline of history. Military history has a broad appeal to students, and there's something here for everyone. From the so-called 'Western Way of War' to its sister-myth, technological determinism, to the ‘academic party game' of once-faddish ‘Military Revolutions,' the book shows that while myths about history may be fun, myth busting is the most fun of all." —Reina Pennington, Norwich University Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

John D. Hosler's book Seven Myths of Military History (Hackett Publishing, 2022) "offers snapshots of seven pernicious myths in military history that have been perpetrated on unsuspecting students, readers, moviegoers, game players, and politicians. It promotes awareness of how myths are created by 'the spurious misuse and ignorance of history' and how misleading ideas about a military problem, as in asymmetric warfare, can lead to misguided solutions. Both scholarly and engaging, this book is an ideal addition to military history and historical methodology courses. In fact, it could be fruitfully used in any course that teaches critical thinking skills, including courses outside the discipline of history. Military history has a broad appeal to students, and there's something here for everyone. From the so-called 'Western Way of War' to its sister-myth, technological determinism, to the ‘academic party game' of once-faddish ‘Military Revolutions,' the book shows that while myths about history may be fun, myth busting is the most fun of all." —Reina Pennington, Norwich University Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/world-affairs

John D. Hosler's book Seven Myths of Military History (Hackett Publishing, 2022) "offers snapshots of seven pernicious myths in military history that have been perpetrated on unsuspecting students, readers, moviegoers, game players, and politicians. It promotes awareness of how myths are created by 'the spurious misuse and ignorance of history' and how misleading ideas about a military problem, as in asymmetric warfare, can lead to misguided solutions. Both scholarly and engaging, this book is an ideal addition to military history and historical methodology courses. In fact, it could be fruitfully used in any course that teaches critical thinking skills, including courses outside the discipline of history. Military history has a broad appeal to students, and there's something here for everyone. From the so-called 'Western Way of War' to its sister-myth, technological determinism, to the ‘academic party game' of once-faddish ‘Military Revolutions,' the book shows that while myths about history may be fun, myth busting is the most fun of all." —Reina Pennington, Norwich University Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/technology

Savonarola and his companions are brought before a tribunal and sentenced to death. Despite being formally condemned as a heretic, the friar's legacy would continue to cast a long shadow over Florentine politics in the years to come. Email me Follow me on Twitter Like the show on Facebook Watch the show on YouTube Visit the eBay store Bibliography: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

As Savonarola languishes in his prison cell, his faith is tested. Reckoning with his inner battle between hope and despair, Savonarola would then write a series of religious tracts that have since taken on great theological significance. Email me Follow me on Twitter Like the show on Facebook Watch the show on YouTube Visit the eBay store Bibliography: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

Political tensions in Florence reach a climax, and Savonarola is challenged to undergo a trial by fire. When the results of the trial turn public opinion decisively against him, he and his fellow monks are forced to make a desperate last stand in the monastery of San Marco. Email me Follow me on Twitter Like the show on Facebook Watch the show on YouTube Visit the eBay store Bibliography: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

Savonarola creates a spectacular demonstration of public virtue in the hopes of turning Florence's fortunes around. Meanwhile, Pope Alexander VI has the monk excommunicated- a decision Savonarola was determined to fight against to his last breath. Email me Follow me on Twitter Like the show on Facebook Watch the show on YouTube Visit the eBay store Bibliography: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

Savonarola engages in a new campaign to combat vice in the city of Florence. Meanwhile, Pope Alexander VI continues to utilize every possible strategy to silence the renegade friar. Email me Follow me on Twitter Like the show on Facebook Watch the show on YouTube Visit the eBay store Support the show on Patreon Bibliography: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

When Savonarola's influence prevents Florence from joining an anti-French coalition made up of the other Italian states, he raises the ire of Pope Alexander VI, sparking a deadly rivalry that would last for the next three years.   Email me Follow me on Twitter Like the show on Facebook Watch the show on YouTube Visit the eBay store Support the show on Patreon Bibliography: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

In this episode of our series on Savonarola, we follow events in Florence following the flight of the Medici and the French occupation of the city. As the citizens of Florence begin the process of forming a new republican government, they seek guidance from Savonarola, who aspired to turn the city into a "New Jerusalem." Email me Follow me on Twitter Like the show on Facebook Watch the show on YouTube Visit the eBay store Support the show on Patreon Works Cited: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

In this episode of our series on the life and times of Savonarola, we observe the fallout from the French invasion of Italy in 1494. As the power of the Medici reaches its breaking point and King Charles VIII of France threatens the city with destruction, the people of Florence turn to Savonarola to deliver them from peril. Email me Follow me on Twitter Like the show on Facebook Watch the show on YouTube Visit the eBay store Support the show on Patreon Works Cited: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

In this episode of our series on Savonarola, we follow events in Florence following the untimely death of Lorenzo the Magnificent. In this time of uncertainty, Savonarola's apocalyptic predictions grew increasingly bolder. As the friar sought to assert his independence from the Medici family, developments to the north threatened to turn his prophecies into reality. Email me Follow me on Twitter Like the show on Facebook Watch the show on YouTube Visit the eBay store Works Cited: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

In this episode of our series on Girolamo Savonarola, we follow the monk as he is reassigned from Florence after failing to make inroads with the people of the city. He spends the next few years wandering northern Italy, honing his preaching skills and earning a powerful reputation for himself until he is invited to return to Florence by the city's ruler- Lorenzo de Medici. Email me Follow me on Twitter Like the show on Facebook Watch the show on YouTube Visit the eBay store Works Cited: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

In this first episode of our series on Girolamo Savonarola, we cover Savonarola's early years in an effort to understand the philosophy that undergirded his life. Afterward, we follow Savonarola as he strikes out from his home to join the order of the Dominicans and to find his destiny.  Works Cited: Bartlett, Kenneth. Florence in the Age of the Medici and Savonarola, 1464-1498: A Short History with Documents. Hackett Publishing, 2018. Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516. Columbia University Press, 1927.  Martines, Lauro. Fire in the City: Savonarola and the Struggle for the Soul of Renaissance Florence. Oxford University Press, 2005.  Savonarola, Girolamo. A Guide to Righteous Living and Other Works. Toronto Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2003. Strathern, Paul. Death in Florence: The Medici, Savonarola, and the Battle for the Soul of a Renaissance City. Pegasus Books, 2016. Villari, Pasquale. Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. University of the Pacific Press, 2004. Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola: The Rise and Fall of a Renaissance Prophet. Yale University Press, 2011. Cover Image: Portrait of a Dominican, presumed to be Girolamo Savonarola, c. 1524 Opening Theme: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178 by Antonín Dvořák Closing Theme: "Dies Irae" performed by the Monastic Choir of the Grimbergen Abbey

#73Have you read Common Ground yet?  This book by Florencia Henshaw and Maris Hawkins has been widely used by many educators in the language teacher community.  This week's episode is a rebroadcast of my first episode in the series that I devoted to the book in October. I'm sharing it again with the reminder that you have a few weeks left (end of December 2022) to get your own copy of Common Ground with a 25% discount through the link to Hackett Publishing in the show notes.  Listen for the first time, or listen again for inspiration form this incredibly useful publication from Florencia Henshaw and Maris Hawkins.Topics in the episode:Why this book? Why now? Why I'm a fan of Florencia Henshaw and Maris Hawkins.  How the book is set up.What to look for in the upcoming episodes devoted to Common Ground.Making the discussion interactive on Twitter with Joshua (@wlcalssoom), Florencia Henshaw (@Prof_F_Henshaw) and Maris Hawkins (@Marishawkins).Get your own copy of Common Ground.  Hackett Publishing has generously offered a 25% discount when you use the code WLC2022. [Available through December 31, 2022].**The 25% off discount code can be used for any book through the end of December, 2022.  Hackett publishes several intermediate language-learning textbooks in Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Latin, and Classical Greek. New releases include Cinema for French Conversation, Cinema for Spanish Conversation, and Les Français.______________________________Work with Joshua either in person or remotely.______________________________Sign up for Talking Points for tips, tools and resources for language teaching.______________________________Let's connect!wlclassrom.comTwitter:  @wlclassroomInstagram:  @wlclassroomFacebook:  /wlclassroomWLClassroom Facebook Group______________________________Teachers want to hear from you and what you are proud of in your classroom.Join me on the podcast.  We record conversations remotely, so you can be anywhere.

#66This is part 2 of my conversion with Florencia Henshaw and Maris Hawkins, the authors of Common Ground: Second Language Acquisition Theory Goes to the Classroom. We had so much to cover that I had to break it down into 2 episodes. Today, Florencia, Maris and I discuss engaging the communication modes at different developmental levels, moving from input to output, particularly when working with learners progressing from novice to intermediate, collaborating with colleagues and understanding what “progress” looks like in a proficiency-based classroom.  We also have a rather amusing “this or that” conversation.Connect with Florencia Henshaw:Twitter: @Prof_F_HenshawFacebook: Unpacking Language PedagogyYoutube: Unpacking Language PedagogyConnect with Maris Hawkins Henshaw:Twitter: @marishawkinsBlog: marishawkins.wordpress.comGet your own copy of Common Ground.  Hackett Publishing is generously offering a 25% discount when you use the code WLC2022. [Available through December 31, 2022].**The 25% off discount code can be used for any book through the end of December, 2022.  Hackett publishes several intermediate language-learning textbooks in Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Latin, and Classical Greek. New releases include Cinema for French Conversation, Cinema for Spanish Conversation, and Les Français.______________________________Work with Joshua either in person or remotely.______________________________Sign up for Talking Points for tips, tools and resources for language teaching.______________________________Let's connect!wlclassrom.comTwitter:  @wlclassroomInstagram:  @wlclassroomFacebook:  /wlclassroomWLClassroom Facebook Group______________________________Teachers want to hear from you and what you are proud of in your classroom.Join me on the podcast.  We record conversations remotely, so you can be anywhere.

#65These are the episodes that we have been waiting for. The  first of a 2-part conversion with Florencia Henshaw and Maris Hawkins, the authors of Common Ground: Second Language Acquisition Theory Goes to the Classroom. We had so much to cover that I had to break it down into 2 episodes.  This is the first part and next Monday (episode 66) you will hear part 2. Today, Florencia, Maris and I discuss what prompted the writing of the book, their collaboration, what they hope teachers get out of Common Ground, how and why their approach is effective, and the all important topic of input. Connect with Florencia Henshaw:Twitter: @Prof_F_HenshawFacebook: Unpacking Language PedagogyYoutube: Unpacking Language PedagogyConnect with Maris Hawkins Henshaw:Twitter: @marishawkinsBlog: marishawkins.wordpress.comGet your own copy of Common Ground.  Hackett Publishing is generously offering a 25% discount when you use the code WLC2022. [Available through December 31, 2022].**The 25% off discount code can be used for any book through the end of December, 2022.  Hackett publishes several intermediate language-learning textbooks in Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Latin, and Classical Greek. New releases include Cinema for French Conversation, Cinema for Spanish Conversation, and Les Français.______________________________Work with Joshua either in person or remotely.______________________________Sign up for Talking Points for tips, tools and resources for language teaching.______________________________Let's connect!wlclassrom.comTwitter:  @wlclassroomInstagram:  @wlclassroomFacebook:  /wlclassroomWLClassroom Facebook Group______________________________Teachers want to hear from you and what you are proud of in your classroom.Join me on the podcast.  We record conversations remotely, so you can be anywhere.

#63In this episode we look at input and output. These two simple words can appear simple, but there is a lot to explore when it comes to what they actually look like in the classroom. This is the fourth of 5 episodes dedicated to the book Common Ground: Second Language Acquisition Theory Goes to the Classroom by Florencia Henshaw and Maris Hawkins. In two weeks you will hear the final episode of the series that will be a conversation with the authors.  For now, we'll spend some time with input and output guided by Henshaw and Hawkins in Common Ground..so, let's jump in.Topics in the episode:Recap of Guiding Principles: Acquisition and CommunicationThe Role of InputWhat effective is and is notComprehensible Input and Krashen's Monitor ModelAuthentic ResourcesThe Role of OutputSwain's Output HypothesisInput or Output?  What builds the linguistic system?Making the discussion interactive on Twitter with Joshua (@wlcalssoom), Florencia Henshaw (@Prof_F_Henshaw) and Maris Hawkins (@Marishawkins).Other Podcast episodes referenced in this episode:Episode 32: The Origins of CI: Krashen's Input HypothesisGet your own copy of Common Ground.  Hackett Publishing is generously offering a 25% discount when you use the code WLC2022. [Available through December 31, 2022].**The 25% off discount code can be used for any book through the end of December, 2022.  Hackett publishes several intermediate language-learning textbooks in Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Latin, and Classical Greek. New releases include Cinema for French Conversation, Cinema for Spanish Conversation, and Les Français.______________________________Work with Joshua either in person or remotely.______________________________Sign up for Talking Points for tips, tools and resources for language teaching.______________________________Let's connect!wlclassrom.comTwitter:  @wlclassroomInstagram:  @wlclassroomFacebook:  /wlclassroomWLClassroom Facebook Group______________________________Teachers want to hear from you and what you are proud of in your classroom.Join me on the podcast.  We record conversations remotely, so you can be anywhere.

#61In this episode we look at goals, and assessment of those goals, in teaching and learning language.  This is the third of 5 episodes dedicated to the book Common Ground: Second Language Acquisition Theory Goes to the Classroom by Florencia Henshaw and Maris Hawkins. Actionable insights and takeaways that you can use right away as you set goals for your students and create the assessments that support students moving toward them.  Topics in the episode:ACTFL Proficiency LevelsSetting Proficiency-Based GoalsPerformance and ProficiencyAssessment; Integrated Performance Assessments and RubricsIntercultural Communication GoalsMaking the discussion interactive on Twitter with Joshua (@wlcalssoom), Florencia Henshaw (@Prof_F_Henshaw) and Maris Hawkins (@Marishawkins).Blog posts referenced in this episode:Episode 12: ACTFL Proficiency LevelsEpisode 49: Rubrics and Competency Based GradingEpisode 56: Backwards Design and PlanningGet your own copy of Common Ground.  Hackett Publishing is generously offering a 25% discount when you use the code WLC2022. [Available through December 31, 2022].**The 25% off discount code can be used for any book through the end of December, 2022.  Hackett publishes several intermediate language-learning textbooks in Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Latin, and Classical Greek. New releases include Cinema for French Conversation, Cinema for Spanish Conversation, and Les Français.______________________________Work with Joshua either in person or remotely.______________________________Sign up for Talking Points for tips, tools and resources for language teaching.______________________________Let's connect!wlclassrom.comTwitter:  @wlclassroomInstagram:  @wlclassroomFacebook:  /wlclassroomWLClassroom Facebook Group______________________________Teachers want to hear from you and what you are proud of in your classroom.Join me on the podcast.  We record conversations remotely, so you can be anywhere.

#59In this episode we look at the guiding principles and fundamentals of language acquisition and how they should influence our teaching.  This is the second episode dedicated to the book Common Ground: Second Language Acquisition Theory Goes to the Classroom by Florencia Henshaw and Maris Hawkins.  They are very effective at laying out the fundamentals of SLA, and it is essential that we understand these foundations before taking on topics such as goals, assessment, input and output, which will be the focus of the next 2 episodes. Topics in the episode:what it means to acquire languagewhen and how acquisition happenswhat communication is and is notthe importance of communication in acquiring language  the teacher's role (hint: it's not to explain grammar)Making the discussion interactive on Twitter with Joshua (@wlcalssoom), Florencia Henshaw (@Prof_F_Henshaw) and Maris Hawkins (@Marishawkins).Get your own copy of Common Ground.  Hackett Publishing is generously offering a 25% discount when you use the code WLC2022.**The 25% off discount code can be used for any book through the end of December, 2022.  Hackett publishes several intermediate language-learning textbooks in Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Latin, and Classical Greek. New releases include Cinema for French Conversation, Cinema for Spanish Conversation, and Les Français.______________________________Work with Joshua either in person or remotely.______________________________Sign up for Talking Points for tips, tools and resources for language teaching.______________________________Let's connect!wlclassrom.comTwitter:  @wlclassroomInstagram:  @wlclassroomFacebook:  /wlclassroomWLClassroom Facebook Group______________________________Teachers want to hear from you and what you are proud of in your classroom.Join me on the podcast.  We record conversations remotely, so you can be anywhere.

#57In this episode I'm beginning my series on exploring Common Ground: Second Language Acquisition Theory Goes to the Classroom by Maris Hawkins and Florencia Henshaw. There will be 5 episodes total between now and the end of October.  Today we take a general look at why this book, why now, why I am such a fan. Topics in the episode:Why this book? Why now?  Why I'm a fan of the Hawkins and Henshaw.  How the book is set up.What to look for in the upcoming episodes devoted to Common Ground.Making the discussion interactive on Twitter with Joshua (@wlcalssoom), Maris Hawkins (@Marishawkins) and Florencia Henshaw (@Prof_F_Henshaw). Get your own copy of Common Ground.  Hackett Publishing has generously offered a 25% discount when you use the code WLC2022.**The 25% off discount code can be used for any book through the end of December, 2022.  Hackett publishes several intermediate language-learning textbooks in Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Latin, and Classical Greek. New releases include Cinema for French Conversation, Cinema for Spanish Conversation, and Les Français.____________________________________________Work with Joshua either in person or remotely.____________________________________________Sign up for Talking Points for tips, tools and resources for language teaching.____________________________________________Let's connect!wlclassrom.comTwitter:  @wlclassroomInstagram:  @wlclassroomFacebook:  /wlclassroomWLClassroom Facebook Group____________________________________________ Teachers want to hear from you and what you are proud of in your classroom.Join me on the podcast.  We record conversations remotely, so you can be anywhere.

Dr. Jackson W. Crawford is Instructor of Nordic Studies and Coordinator of the Nordic Program at the University of Colorado-Boulder. Crawford is the author and translator of The Wanderer's Havamal and The Poetic Edda: Stories of the Norse Gods and Heroes. Both books are available from Hackett Publishing. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Dr. Jackson W. Crawford is Instructor of Nordic Studies and Coordinator of the Nordic Program at the University of Colorado-Boulder. Crawford is the author and translator of The Wanderer's Havamal and The Poetic Edda: Stories of the Norse Gods and Heroes. Both books are available from Hackett Publishing. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/literary-studies

Dr. Jackson W. Crawford is Instructor of Nordic Studies and Coordinator of the Nordic Program at the University of Colorado-Boulder. Crawford is the author and translator of The Wanderer's Havamal and The Poetic Edda: Stories of the Norse Gods and Heroes. Both books are available from Hackett Publishing. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Jackson W. Crawford is Instructor of Nordic Studies and Coordinator of the Nordic Program at the University of Colorado-Boulder. Crawford is the author and translator of The Wanderer's Havamal and The Poetic Edda: Stories of the Norse Gods and Heroes. Both books are available from Hackett Publishing. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Check out what I'm up to this summer and fall and see if you can learn some Greek and Latin with me.Full show notes available at https://plutarch.life/dionSeason 4 is brought to you by Hackett Publishing. Use coupon code PLUTARCH for 20% and free shipping in the US and Canada. Important PeopleDionysius I (the elder) - Tyrant of Syracuse taking power shortly after the Peloponnesian War and reigning until 367 BC. For some authors, he's the textbook tyrant in the way he held on to power, the fear that prevented him from trusting almost anyone (except his nephew Dion), and his cruelty. Though Plutarch doesn't mention it, this is the tyrant who shows up in stories like Damon and Pythias or The Sword of Damocles. Dionysius is called D-Prime in this podcast so that we don't confused him with his son or nephew. Dionysius II (the younger) - Less accomplished and intelligent than his father, Dionysius does manage to rule Syracuse not once, but twice. We'll see his comeback in Timoleon's story...Dion - The main character of our tale and one of Plato's best and brightest students. When he fails to convert either the elder or younger tyrant to philosophy, he finds himself exiled, stripped of most of his wealth, and finally discovers his wife has been ordered by the tyrant to marry another man. This means war and Dion takes it to Syracuse. Can he become the next philosopher-king? Will he instead train up a virtuous democracy to overthrow fifty years of tyranny? Tune in to find out!Plato - Yep. Plato was a real person who had a real life outside of his dialogues (in which he never makes himself a character). You'll want to check out Plato's Seventh Letter for another perspective on the events in this Life. If you haven't read this life, though, Plato's Seventh Letter will be a great deal more obscure. Philistus - An accomplished military mind banished by D-Prime but recalled by D-2, Philistus had taken up his pen in exile and written as a historian. As a political enemy and counterweight to Plato's influence on D-2, Plutarch has a lot of reason to hate this man. Heracleides - The perfidious but fun-loving rival as Dion tries to tame the tyrannical democracy. Heracleides would rather feed the beast and the tensions certainly mount as Dion fights not one tyrant, but two. Callippus - This perfidious Athenian doesn't seem important until the end... and then he's fatally important. Important PlacesCorinth - Mother city (metropolis, μητρόπολις) of Syracuse and prosperous city on the Peloponnesus. Syracuse - 5 major neighborhoodsOrtygia - The original island settled by the Corinthians who founded Syracuse. It still contained Achradina - The heights of the mainland settlement overlooking the ocean and the Neapolis region, famous for the stone quarries in which the Athenians died during the Peloponnesian Wars and after which Dionysius would use for political prisoners. Neapolis - the most recent addition to the city, North and West of Achradina and Ortygia, but enclosed by the fortifications D-Prime builtTyche - district of NeapolisEpipolae - high plateau in the Neapolis, included in the walls D-Prime builtKey Virtues + VicesCourage (ἀνδρεία - manliness, courage) - Dionysius I and Plato have a fight about what virtue consists in. Plato concedes that andreia is important but then proves publicly that tyrants are the least manly men. Aloofness - Dion struggles to win friends and influence people. Support the show

When is a door not really a door? When it's ajar! That old joke equivocates on two meanings of "ajar" In this episode we look at how equivocation can impact our reasoning, like when we ask, When is a doctor not really a doctor? We explore a few other ways that reasoning can go wrong and force us to lose in a debate. And listen until the end to hear what's planned for Episode 9. Sources: Matthew Dasti and Stephen Phillips, The Nyaya-sutra: Selections with Early Commentaries, Hackett Publishing, 2017. https://www.hackettpublishing.com/new-forthcoming/the-nyaya-sutra Much Ado About Religion adapted from the Csaba Dezsö translation in the Clay Sanskrit Library, New York: NYU Press, 2005. https://nyupress.org/9780814719794/much-ado-about-religion/ Definition of "doctor" from Merriam-Webster Online https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/the-history-of-doctor OED "doctor, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, December 2020. Web. 20 December 2020. Clips: Good Morning America, December 15, 2020 "Women rally behind Jill Biden after WSJ op-ed asks her to drop 'Dr.'" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJHm2rzMJ-Q%200:49 “Hair-raising hare” (Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies, 1946) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NnPRB00xgoQ "Expertise" (Sutras (and stuff) Season 1, Episode 6) https://anchor.fm/dashboard/episode/edfmbj Billy Madison (Universal Pictures, 1995) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec7rCsNFn30 Music: Brittle Rille by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3460-brittle-rille License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sounds: Monastery Bell https://freesound.org/people/florianreichelt/sounds/440606/ Buzzer https://freesound.org/people/qubodup/sounds/211103/ by qubodup --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/support

When is a reason not a reason? According to Nyaya philosophers, when it's all smoke and no fire. In this episode we'll talk about how reasoning can go wrong when people use "counterfeit reasons," which don't actually support their claims. Music: Brittle Rille by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3460-brittle-rille License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sources: Matthew Dasti and Stephen Phillips, The Nyaya-sutra: Selections with Early Commentaries, Hackett Publishing, 2017. https://www.hackettpublishing.com/new-forthcoming/the-nyaya-sutra Monty Python and the Holy Grail https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lu5_5Od7WY Ruptly, "USA: "Democrats had this election rigged right from the beginning" Dec 2, 2020 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GI7tRZ28dvg CBS Evening News, "Trump continues to deny election results despite legal losses" Dec 7, 2020 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7dvLEScIKkg --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/support

If you've ever watched a political debate on TV, you may wonder what the point is. After all, aren't both participants committed to their own viewpoints, and just aiming to win? Why would we ever think that debate is a useful activity. Nyaya philosophers were big proponents of debate, but not the kind of debate you see on network TV. In this episode we'll explore why they think arguments between two opposing parties aren't just a spectacular waste of time. Music: Brittle Rille by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3460-brittle-rille License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sources: Matthew Dasti and Stephen Phillips, The Nyaya-sutra: Selections with Early Commentaries, Hackett Publishing, 2017. https://www.hackettpublishing.com/new-forthcoming/the-nyaya-sutra Monty Python, "Argument Clinic" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ohDB5gbtaEQ President Trump: If Joe Biden wins... (Sept 25, 2020) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rK4jZTD1Y-w Trump and the truth: His supporters weigh in (CNN, Dec 16, 2015) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I8mJO78dXdc --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/support

Doubts can feel paralyzing, but according to the early Nyaya philosopher Uddyotakara, the right kind of doubt is actually useful. In this episode we'll apply his thinking about doubt to the 2020 US presidential election. Music: Brittle Rille by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3460-brittle-rille License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sources: Matthew Dasti and Stephen Phillips, The Nyaya-sutra: Selections with Early Commentaries, Hackett Publishing, 2017. https://www.hackettpublishing.com/new-forthcoming/the-nyaya-sutra CNBC, September 29, 2020, Donald Trump on Election Integrity, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHysqu3gnSc Washington Post, November 4, 2020, Biden confident he's on track to win election https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OWbuWdwSjmI --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/support

In this increasingly partisan world, many of us are listening only to people we already agree with. But can we learn things from the speech of people on the "other side"? In this episode, we learn how Nyaya philosophers think testimony can be a powerful tool for conveying knowledge, regardless of religion or political affiliation. Music: Brittle Rille by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3460-brittle-rille License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sources: Matthew Dasti and Stephen Phillips, The Nyaya-sutra: Selections with Early Commentaries, Hackett Publishing, 2017. https://www.hackettpublishing.com/new-forthcoming/the-nyaya-sutra Allen Guelzo on the Ben Shapiro Show https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kfy89mRW1SQ Gerald Horne on Democracy Now! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPyG8i2YxtQ --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/support

The climate is changing due to human activity. Scientists today are arguing for this crucial claim, warning us that it has dire consequences. But how can we know that the past has an effect on the present? How can we draw connections between unseen things and what we observe? In this episode, we'll see how Nyaya philosophers could help science communicators like Bill Nye in their mission to demonstrate the reality of climate change. And we'll see if climate change deniers have a snowball's chance in Oklahoma of refuting it. Clips: Bill Nye on climate change: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1UEhUFLuD7A Bill Nye on Rachel Maddow: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sm05Mcah0i8 Jim Inhofe in the US Senate: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3E0a_60PMR8 Sound Effects https://freesound.org/people/Aurelon/sounds/476655/ https://freesound.org/people/mike_stranks/sounds/341605/ Music: Brittle Rille by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3460-brittle-rille License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sources: Matthew Dasti and Stephen Phillips, The Nyaya-sutra: Selections with Early Commentaries, Hackett Publishing, 2017. https://www.hackettpublishing.com/new-forthcoming/the-nyaya-sutra --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/support

We can't directly see it but we know it exists by extending our vision with special tools. We can reason about when it's present based on associations. We can share facts about it with each other. And we can learn its name by comparing it to other similar kinds of things. I'm talking about the novel coronavirus, or COVID-19, and in this episode we'll focus on how early Nyāya philosophers might explain our knowledge about this disease, and how they think all human beings have the ability to know using a special set of natural abilities. Music: Brittle Rille by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3460-brittle-rille License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sound: Zapsplat.com dersuperanton at https://freesound.org/s/435876/ FreqMan at https://freesound.org/s/20049/ Trump clip from Feb 27, 2020 (AP footage): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=15XjckAOTwU Sources: Matthew Dasti and Stephen Phillips, The Nyaya-sutra: Selections with Early Commentaries, Hackett Publishing, 2017. https://www.hackettpublishing.com/new-forthcoming/the-nyaya-sutra Complete translation of the Nyaya-sutras: Ganganatha Jha, The Nyaya-sutras of Gautama, Volume 1, 2, 3, and 4, Motilal Banarsidass Publishing, 1984. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/support

How can we become better thinkers and better human beings? What's the connection between critical thinking and reducing suffering? In this intro episode to Season 2, we'll learn about the Indian tradition known as “Nyaya,” who says these things are very closely related, and whose ideas we'll be focusing on in detail this coming season. Music: Brittle Rille by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3460-brittle-rille License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sources: Matthew Dasti and Stephen Phillips, The Nyaya-sutra: Selections with Early Commentaries, Hackett Publishing, 2017. https://www.hackettpublishing.com/new-forthcoming/the-nyaya-sutra Complete translation of the Nyaya-sutras: Ganganatha Jha, The Nyaya-sutras of Gautama, Volume 1, 2, 3, and 4, Motilal Banarsidass Publishing, 1984. Vol 1 https://archive.org/details/nyayasutrasofgautamaganganathajhavol1mlbd_202003_324_z/ Vol 2 https://archive.org/details/nyayasutrasofgautamaganganathajhavol2mlbd_202003_441_o Vol 3 https://archive.org/details/nyayasutrasofgautamaganganathajhavol3mlbd_202003_171_B Vol 4 https://archive.org/details/nyayasutrasofgautamaganganathajhavol4mlbd_202003_922_k --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/malcolm-keating/support

Dr. Jackson W. Crawford is Instructor of Nordic Studies and Coordinator of the Nordic Program at the University of Colorado-Boulder. Crawford is the author and translator of The Wanderer's Havamal and The Poetic Edda: Stories of the Norse Gods and Heroes. Both books are available from Hackett Publishing. Visit Crawford online at: https://www.jacksonwcrawford.com Visit Jackson Crawford on YouTube at: https://www.youtube.com/c/jacksoncrawford Purchase The Wanderer's Havamal here.

Today the word “barbarian” has a derogatory connotation for most people. Yet in the classical world it was one that was often used not as a pejorative but as a means of denoting people of different cultural backgrounds, which was regularly done in an era in which interactions with them were commonplace. Erik Jensen's book Barbarians in the Greek and Roman World (Hackett Publishing Company, 2018) examines the concept of barbarians as understood by the Hellenic. Hellenistic, and Roman civilizations, showing how their ever-evolving use of the phrase offers us an understanding of their concepts of identity. Noting the origin of the word as a descriptor of how the Greeks interpreted foreign languages, Jensen explains how it was an early example of how the politically fractious people of the region identified the shared factors that distinguished them from others. Such distinctions were frequently relevant given the Greek presence in the Mediterranean world, which manifested itself in trade, colonization, and later in the conquests that established the Hellenistic world. By contrast the Roman interaction with others was defined by conquest from the start, which led to the development of a different criteria of which peoples were and were not regarded as outsiders. As Jensen reveals, it was the crises of the late imperial period which hardened the concept of barbarians into the negative one which we use today, one which has skewed our understanding of the ancient world as a consequence. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices