Podcasts about icls

Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Deep Dive: Q&A Q&A with Carl Zeiss Meditec AG's Head of Investor Relations, Sebastian Frericks US Refractive Market Performance and Competitive Landscape Has refractive competition increased in 2024, particularly from J&J's ELITA or Staar Surgical? - J&J's ELITA: While J&J has entered some markets with their ELITA system, it has yet to gain significant traction in major markets like the US and China due to regulatory hurdles and limited product features. Notably, the system lacks approval for its SILK procedure, which is positioned as a competitor to ZEISS's SMILE therapy. - Staar Surgical: The overlap between ZEISS's laser-based refractive solutions and Staar Surgical's ICL (implantable collamer lens) business is minimal. ICLs cater to niche cases, such as high myopia corrections, where laser-based therapies have limitations. ZEISS maintains a competitive edge in broader applications due to its extensive track record and safety profile, with over 10 million SMILE procedures performed globally. - Strategic Positioning: ZEISS is poised to strengthen its competitive edge with the upcoming rollout of the VisuMax 800, a more advanced platform designed to enhance procedure speed, precision, and patient outcomes. How is your US refractive business performing amid reports of soft demand? - Market Trends: The US market has faced a decline in refractive procedure volumes in 2024 due to high interest rates and reduced consumer spending capacity. Unlike Europe or Asia, a large proportion (approximately 65%) of US refractive procedures are financed, making the market particularly sensitive to macroeconomic conditions. - Outlook: Despite the challenges, the US refractive market holds significant potential. The market size remains underdeveloped relative to historical highs, with 700,000-800,000 annual procedures, far below its peak. ZEISS's technology, particularly the minimally invasive SMILE therapy, is well-positioned to capitalize on market recovery as economic conditions improve and consumer confidence returns. What's your outlook for US equipment sales recovery after Q3 order trends? Stabilization: US equipment sales began stabilizing in Q3 FY24, with improving order entries and a book-to-bill ratio above 1 in the months preceding fiscal year-end. Early trends in FY25 continue to show positive momentum. Growth Drivers: ZEISS is optimistic about growth in FY25, driven by the anticipated FDA approval of the VisuMax 800 platform in mid-2025. The new platform is expected to attract significant demand from clinics aiming to upgrade their technology and enhance patient offerings. What feedback are you getting on the ZEISS cataract workflow? - Market Reception: The ZEISS cataract workflow continues to be well-received, offering a comprehensive and integrated solution for cataract treatment. Feedback highlights the value of combining diagnostic imaging, surgical planning, and premium IOLs (intraocular lenses) within a single platform. Conclusion Sebastian Frericks highlights Carl Zeiss Meditec AG's resilience amidst market challenges, emphasizing the company's strategic initiatives and leadership in innovation. With advanced products like the VisuMax 800 and comprehensive cataract workflows, ZEISS is well-positioned for recovery and long-term growth in the US market. ▶️ Other videos: Elevator Pitch: https://seat11a.com/investor-relations-elevator-pitch/ Company Presentation: https://seat11a.com/investor-relations-company-presentation/ Deep Dive Presentation: https://seat11a.com/investor-relations-deep-dive/ Financial Results Presentation: https://seat11a.com/investor-relations-financial-results/ ESG Presentation: https://seat11a.com/investor-relations-esg/ =============================== T&C This publication is for informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice. Using this website, you agree to our terms and conditions outlined on www.seat11a.com/legal and www.seat11a.com/imprint.

Dr. Mark Lobanoff is truly "one of a kind," as one of his LinkedIn recommendations aptly describes. In this episode, you'll discover why that statement is 100% true. Dr. Lobanoff's unique ability to apply real-world observations to groundbreaking innovations has remarkably transformed the field of ophthalmology. A true entrepreneur at heart, he excels at identifying unmet needs and leveraging his business acumen to develop impactful solutions.Tune in to be blown away by Dr. Lobanoff's journey and insights!

Neste episódio conversamos com a doutora Fernanda Gomes Moojen, que nos conta um pouco da sua história, suas diversas experiências internacionais e também sobre o tema a qual é doutora, os Sistemas Integrados de Produção Agropecuária. Ao longo da sua carreira acadêmica e profissional, a Fernanda conheceu diversos modos de integração de sistemas produtivos em vários países, experiência que lhe permitiu entender a importância dos diferentes atores destes sistemas produtivos, desde a informação gerada pela pesquisa, até sua transferência por meio dos consultores e implementação pelos produtores rurais.   Em uma conversa super empolgante, a Fernanda fala sobre os desafios técnicos e sociais da transição de sistemas especializados de produção, para sistemas integrados. Mas também destaca as oportunidades de diversificação de renda e sustentabilidade dos sistemas de integração de lavoura e pecuária.   Com certeza mais um episódio para aprender muito e se inspirar!     Você pode acompanhar a Dra Fernanda Gomes Moojen pelas redes sociais: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/fernandagmoojen/ LinkedIn: (4) FERNANDA GOMES MOOJEN | LinkedIn         Parceiros:   ... Este episódio é um patrocínio da Ford.   Nova Geração Ford Ranger – Que Venha o Impossível   Para saber mais sobre a nova Ford Ranger, acesse www.ford.com.br ou vá até uma concessionária para fazer um test drive e se surpreender. ...       Siga o Agro Connection nas redes sociais: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/oagroconnection X: https://twitter.com/oagroconnection Linkedin: Agro Connection: visão geral | LinkedIn Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oagroconnection     Stay tuned!See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

MassDevice remains the place to go if you want the rundown on earnings season in medtech. This episode's coverage includes a discussion of Masimo's second-quarter performance, which included a significant reduction in the company's 2023 sales guidance. Fast Five hosts Sean Whooley and Danielle Kirsh break down what contributed to the results and why Masimo remains optimistic in the face of some adversity. Elsewhere, more medtech companies are looking to raise awareness of their offerings through clever marketing campaigns. Staar Surgical announced a collaboration with NFL quarterback Will Levis to promote the company's implantable collamer lenses (ICLs). Levis received the ocular implants to enhance his vision ahead of his first season as a professional football player with the Tennessee Titans. Learn more about what these implantable lenses do for people with myopia and beyond. SS Innovations made the first international sale of its SSi Mantra surgical robotic platform. The robot provides capabilities for multi-specialty uses, including cardiothoracic, head and neck, gynecology, urology, general surgery and more. Find out where the company made that sale and what is on the horizon as it looks to enter more geographies. In an interesting play to enhance its neurorehabilitation offerings, ReWalk Robotics acquired a company that develops anti-gravity technology. Find out how that company, AlterG, uses this NASA-derived technology to aid in physical and neurological rehabilitation and hear the hosts break down the details of the acquisition. As ablation continues to be a vital approach for treating AFib, there's a new option set to hit the market. Boston Scientific announced that it received FDA approval for its POLARx cryoablation balloon catheter, designed to address the limitations of current cryoablation offerings. Check out the show notes for links to the stories we discussed today at MassDevice.com/podcast.

In episode 11 of Split Happens, Alex and Liza talk though Parenting Cases, Family Reports, ICLs and more.Alex and Liza will answer some of the big questions like:-What is a parenting case?Parenting Plans vs Parenting OrdersNew PartnersFamily Dispute ResolutionInterim Orders vs Final OrdersBy answering these questions and many more you can educate yourself on what to expect from Parenting Cases.If you want to reach out to Alex or Liza you can find them on the links belowAlex - https://arbonlegal.com.au/about/alex-wynn/Liza - https://arbonlegal.com.au/about/liza-friedwald/

Do you want to know what is new with Lasik and ICLs, but don't have the time to read a collection of articles? Join Roya and Jimmy this week as they discuss the evolution of Lasik and ICLs, with guests Matthew Sharpe, MD, the lead surgeon and founder of SharpeVision Modern LASIK, and Natasha Balani, OD SharpeVision's Head of Optometry. Hear about the new EVO ICL lens and learn how it differs, the benefits, and possible side effects. Keep up with the current events and get your weekly news in an hour each week on Try Not 2 Blink. SOURCESDr. Natasha Balani: LinkedInDr. Natasha Balani: SharpeVisionDr. Matthew Sharpe: SharpeVisionDr. Roger ZaldivarEVO ICLEVO Visian ICL lens (EVO ICL) Vision Correction For Visual FreedomOn Instagram:@sharpevision_modernlasik@balaniiii@evoiclTry Not to Blink Podcast  is powered by Valley Contax

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FYgABy1u60k Transmitido ao vivo em 10 de jan. de 2023 O assunto da Live de hoje é "Aquisição de virtudes". Assine o ICLS! seminario.icls.com.br

Publicado no Youtube do ICLS - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OJXTezzl-lg

In Episode 3 of Series 2 of The Lifecourse Podcast, Dr Rebecca Lacey from ICLS is in conversation with Kirsten Asmussen from the Early Intervention Foundation about Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs).  Further reading and useful links Early Intervention Foundation (website) ESRC International Centre for Lifecourse Studies  (website) Adverse childhood experiences: What we know, what we don't know, and what should happen next (EIF report) Adverse childhood experiences: Building consensus on what should happen next (EIF report) Practitioner Review: Twenty years of research with adverse childhood experience scores – Advantages, disadvantages and applications to practice (journal article) What should happen next? Identifying next steps for taking the ACEs evidence forward through a consensus-building exercise (blog) Health screening using adverse childhood experiences: further evidence highlights the need to hit pause Unpicking childhood trauma and its later life effects (blog)  

VISITE NOSSO SITE: https://www.irmaoscaverna.com/ --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/irmos-caverna/message

QB1 and Thomas crack open a couple ICLs, shoot the Brees and get into a variety of topics. A little March Madness, NFL free agency and plenty more.

Colabore com o nosso show: https://apoiocoletivo.com/campanha/1204​ Inscreva-se no nosso canal: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXG4...​ Conheça a VON PIPER: https://www.vonpiper.com.br/​ E use nosso cupom para ganhar 15% de desconto: IRMÃOSCAVERNA --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/irmos-caverna/message

Compre livros na amazon pelo nosso link: https://amzn.to/317DawF Siganos no instagram - @irmaoscaverna E no Twitter - @Sr_Caverna @me_mordecai @CavernaTiao --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/irmos-caverna/message

Question 1: “Regarding HDL levels - is there a correlation between higher levels and macular degeneration? I've read only about the risk of Non-HDL levels. Do you have an opinion about this?” Question 2: “Dr Berne, what do you think about syntonic phototherapy? Is it helpful? If yes, can it be done at home? I came across a great practitioner but it costs $15k to undergo the vision therapy & syntonics program.” Question 3: “Dr. Berne, there is much talk about how Nitric Oxide helps so much in circulation not only in the body but our eyes! Is there any way to have this naturally through certain fruits and vegetables?” Question 4: Is there anything adverse about using these with implanted contact lenses (ICL's)? I have had ICLs since 2010. Now I was diagnosed with beginning stage of cataracts, and also my eye pressure runs slightly high.”  What do you think?” Question 5: “What is Superior oblique myokymia?”

Question 1: “Regarding HDL levels - is there a correlation between higher levels and macular degeneration? I've read only about the risk of Non-HDL levels. Do you have an opinion about this?” Question 2: “Dr Berne, what do you think about syntonic phototherapy? Is it helpful? If yes, can it be done at home? I came across a great practitioner but it costs $15k to undergo the vision therapy & syntonics program.” Question 3: “Dr. Berne, there is much talk about how Nitric Oxide helps so much in circulation not only in the body but our eyes! Is there any way to have this naturally through certain fruits and vegetables?” Question 4: Is there anything adverse about using these with implanted contact lenses (ICL's)? I have had ICLs since 2010. Now I was diagnosed with beginning stage of cataracts, and also my eye pressure runs slightly high.”  What do you think?” Question 5: “What is Superior oblique myokymia?”

Áudio de uma live com o Prof. Marcos Monteiro, professor do ICLS.

Snehal Pinto Pereira from ICLS discusses her  in the International Journal of Epidemiology looking at the links between obesity across childhood into adulthood and their ability to manage daily physical tasks later on in life.  is research by Snehal M Pinto Pereira, Bianca L De Stavola, Nina T Rogers, Rebecca Hardy, Rachel Cooper, Chris Power.

Snehal Pinto Pereira from ICLS discusses her research in the International Journal of Epidemiology looking at the links between obesity across childhood into adulthood and their ability to manage daily physical tasks later on in life.  Details of the papers discussed in the podcast Adult obesity and mid-life physical functioning in two British birth cohorts: investigating the mediating role of physical inactivity is research by Snehal M Pinto Pereira, Bianca L De Stavola, Nina T Rogers, Rebecca Hardy, Rachel Cooper, Chris Power. Birthweight, lifetime obesity and physical functioning in mid-adulthood: a nationwide birth cohort study is research by Nina Rogers, Chris Power and Snehal M Pinto Pereira.

Thierry Gagné from ICLS discusses with Ingrid School and Amanda Sacker exploring the links between voter turnout and health.    The research, which made use of data from the 1958 and 1970 Birth Cohorts, showed that compared with people in good health, those who said they were in fair health had 15% and 18% lower odds of voting whilst those in poor or worse health had 17% and 32% lower odds of voting.

Thierry Gagné from ICLS discusses research with Ingrid School and Amanda Sacker exploring the links between voter turnout and health.    The research, which made use of data from the 1958 and 1970 Birth Cohorts, showed that compared with people in good health, those who said they were in fair health had 15% and 18% lower odds of voting whilst those in poor or worse health had 17% and 32% lower odds of voting.

In a special episode of the Lifecourse Podcast, guest host UCL PhD student Emma Walker discusses young people's social media use and their mental health. Her guests are undergraduate students, Loes Wal, Kritika Rai and Alyson Ong. With support from ICLS and the National Literacy Trust they put on a workshop for 50 schoolchildren discussing their thoughts and attitudes about their social media use and research from Professor Yvonne Kelly showing a link between heavy social media use and increased depressive symptoms.  Read the full research paper Read a blog by Yvonne Kelly about the research  Read a blog for the Royal Society for Public Health from Emma Walker  National Literacy Trust 

In a special episode of the Lifecourse Podcast, guest host UCL PhD student Emma Walker discusses young people's social media use and their mental health. Her guests are undergraduate students, Loes Wals, Kritika Rai and Alyson Ong. With support from ICLS and the National Literacy Trust they put on a workshop for 50 schoolchildren discussing their thoughts and attitudes about their social media use and research from Professor Yvonne Kelly showing a link between heavy social media use and increased depressive symptoms.  Read the full research paper Read a blog by Yvonne Kelly about the research  Read a blog for the Royal Society for Public Health from Emma Walker  National Literacy Trust 

The Government recently announced that, after a review of the older person's bus pass, it would continue for the foreseeable future. Some of the evidence that fed into that review was produced by researchers Libby Webb (formerly ICLS now Age UK researcher) and Anthony Laverty from Imperial College London. In this episode of The Lifecourse Podcast, they discuss how their findings fed into the policy process and review of evidence that helped secure the future of the bus pass.

  There is a higher law than human law, one from which the authority and justice of man’s law flows into bountiful life. Accordingly, we often see Christian legal theories in terms of knowledge about law, so that what we know of the higher law informs what we should affirm or deny about human law. But Dean Eric Enlow says that another important kind of Christian knowledge about law is how to praise God in relation to it. This praise stirs up and responds to the joy which Christians experience in law, just as praise does when it recognizes and replies to God’s presence in other parts of creation. Dean Enlow gave two addresses on this topic at the 2017 Christian Legal Society national conference in Newport Beach, encouraging those in attendance to learn to praise God in law.  His first presentation was Joyful Jurisprudence: God's Presence in Law and Man's Praise of God, the keynote for the annual Christian Legal Scholars' Symposium, sponsored by CLS friend and partner Trinity Law School. It was an inspiring presentation and discussion, and the conversation spilled over into the conference bookstore afterwards.  This episode of Cross & Gavel allows listeners to sit in on that conversation, with host Mike Schutt, Dean Eric Enlow, and our friend Byron Borger, owner of Hearts and Minds Bookstore.  Enjoy the conversation! Dean Enlow graduated from Yale University and Washington University School of Law. During law school, Professor Enlow served on the editorial boards of the Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy and the Washington University Law Quarterly. He has clerked in the United States Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals, and he was in private practice in intellectual-property, international, and appellate law. In addition to being dean of the Handong International Law School, Enlow teaches Christianity and Law, International Intellectual Property, Patents, Private International Law, and Torts.  Byron Borger has been talking books almost his whole life, and doing it well and for the good of Christ's kingdom. Since the early 80's, he and his wife Beth have, through Hearts and Minds Books in Dallastown, PA, lived out a mission to see the body of Christ encouraged and the world around them flourish. They believe that ideas matter and that books are an important part of Christian discipleship-- "a disciple is learner, after all," says Byron. Whether you're in his store, on the phone with him, or at one of the many conferences at which he and Beth serve, it is always a treat to talk books with Byron. Subscribe to his amazing Booknotes here. (He mentions this podcast in the latest edition).  Cross & Gavel Audio is a project of the Institute for Christian Legal Studies, a cooperative ministry of Regent University School of Law and Christian Legal Society. Mike Schutt is associate professor at Regent and director of ICLS and Law Student Ministries for CLS. 

On this episode of Cross & Gavel, host Mike Schutt talks with Christian Legal Society's new director of Attorney Ministries, Connie Bourne. Connie comes to CLS from a private law practice, with experience in the corporate world, as a judicial clerk, and working with attorneys in a local bar association. She loves Jesus and she loves lawyers! Listen in to get acquainted with Connie! Connie Bourne received her undergraduate and legal training at Rutgers University, worked as Assistant County Counsel in Bergen County, New Jersey, and worked in the business, government, and public interest arenas before opening her own law firm. She joined the CLS staff on July 10, 2017.  Cross & Gavel Audio is a project of the Institute for Christian Legal Studies, a cooperative ministry of Regent University School of Law and Christian Legal Society. Mike Schutt is associate professor at Regent and director of ICLS and Law Student Ministries for CLS.     

The British Birth Cohort Studies are often described as ‘the jewel in the crown’ of British science. They are used on a daily basis by life course researchers at ICLS to try to better understand how life gets under our skin and to help policy makers, practitioners and the public know when and how to act to help people live long, healthy and happy lives. In this episode of the Lifecourse Podcast, author of The Life Project and Nature Magazine’s Chief Features Editor, Helen Pearson talks about how the cohort studies have touched all our lives and reflects on ICLS research findings presented in the booklet, Never too early, Never too Late. www.ucl.ac.uk/icls/publications/booklets/N2EN2L

Being able to get out and about as we get older is important for our health and wellbeing. But what needs to be put in place at what point in our lives to help us achieve that? In this episode of The Lifecourse Podcast, Tarani Chandola talks about ICLS research presented in a new booklet Never too Early, Never too Late, which shows some of the factors linked to an active and healthy life in older age.

On January 11, 2010, Jim Gash, then Dean of Students at Pepperdine Law School, met Henry, a Ugandan boy accused of two murders, in a Ugandan "Remand Home," a sparse jail for juveniles awaiting trail. Henry had been held there since 2008, awaiting a hearing. This meeting, by God's grace, changed Jim's life. It also helped change the criminal trial court system in Uganda and bring justice to hundreds of children awaiting trial without hope. As Jim says, "I took a step of faith, and it changed everything." Listen to Jim tell his story and Henry's story-- ultimately God's story of grace and mercy and justice-- as he talks about his new book, Divine Collision: An African Boy, An American Lawyer, and Their Remarkable Battle for Freedom (Worthy 2016). Jim talks about how God brought about justice for Henry, how He used American lawyers to effect legal reform, and how He can overcome our "fear of success" to take us where He wants us to go. Jim admits that had he known the plans that God had for him, he might have stayed at home-- but he is forever grateful that he did not.  This is a beautiful and compelling story for anyone interested in justice-- or for those who long to hear God's call to "do" His work in the world.  Jim Gash is Professor of Law and Director of the Global Justice Program at Pepperdine University School of Law. He graduated first in his class at Pepperdine Law in 1993, clerked with a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit, and practiced at Kirkland & Ellis in Los Angeles. When Jim argued Henry's case on appeal, he was the first American lawyer to argue in a Ugandan court.   Learn more about the book at DivineCollisionBook.com Cross & Gavel Audio host Mike Schutt is Director of Attorney Ministries, Law Student Ministries, and the Institute for Christian Legal Studies (ICLS) for the Christian Legal Society. Cross & Gavel Audio is a project of ICLS, a cooperative ministry of CLS and Trinity Law School in Santa Ana, CA.

In patients with lung cancer whose tumors harbor activating mutations in the EGF receptor (EGFR), increased responses to platinum-based chemotherapies are seen compared with wild-type cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying this association have remained elusive. Here, we describe a cellular phenotype of crosslinker sensitivity in a subset of EGFR-mutant lung cancer cell lines that is reminiscent of the defects seen in cells impaired in the Fanconi anemia pathway, including a pronounced G2–M cell-cycle arrest and chromosomal radial formation. We identified a defect downstream of FANCD2 at the level of recruitment of FAN1 nuclease and DNA interstrand crosslink (ICL) unhooking. The effect of EGFR mutation was epistatic with FANCD2. Consistent with the known role of FANCD2 in promoting RAD51 foci formation and homologous recombination repair (HRR), EGFR-mutant cells also exhibited an impaired RAD51 foci response to ICLs, but not to DNA double-strand breaks. EGFR kinase inhibition affected RAD51 foci formation neither in EGFR-mutant nor wild-type cells. In contrast, EGFR depletion or overexpression of mutant EGFR in wild-type cells suppressed RAD51 foci, suggesting an EGFR kinase-independent regulation of DNA repair. Interestingly, EGFR-mutant cells treated with the PARP inhibitor olaparib also displayed decreased FAN1 foci induction, coupled with a putative block in a late HRR step. As a result, EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells exhibited olaparib sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms of cisplatin and PARP inhibitor sensitivity of EGFR-mutant cells, yielding potential therapeutic opportunities for further treatment individualization in this genetically defined subset of lung cancer.

Panel 1 of Rethinking the Human Sciences conference, March 30, 2012 at Columbia University. Chair: Anupama Rao (History and ICLS, Columbia University) Srinivas Aravamudan (English, Duke University) "The Problem of Scale: Narrative Universals in the Human Sciences" Rosi Braidotti (Centre for the Humanities, Utrecht University) "What is 'the Human' about the Humanities today?" Respondent: Lydia Liu (East Asian Languages and Cultures and ICLS, Columbia University)

Panel Three Chair: Rosalind Morris (Anthropology and ICLS, Columbia University) Roberto Esposito (Philosophy, Italian Institute for the Human Sciences, Naples) "The Return of Italian Philosophy" Hent de Vries (Philosophy and Humanities Center, Johns Hopkins University) "Old and New Archives: Sites for Philosophical Fieldwork" Respondent: Patricia Dailey (English and Comparative Literature)

The Rethinking the Human Sciences Conference, March 30, 2012, at Columbia University Chair: Stathis Gourgouris (Classics, English, and ICLS, Columbia University) Jonathan Metzl (Sociology, Psychiatry, and Medicine, Health, and Society, Vanderbilt University) "Rethinking diagnosis: Race, stigma, and the politics of schizophrenia" Katherine Hayles (Literature, Duke University) "Making, Critique: A New Paradigm for the Humanities" Respondent: Jesus Rodriguez-Velasco (Latin American and Iberian Cultures and ICLS, Columbia University)

Presented at ICLS at Columbia University on March 20, 2012. Minata Koné writes: Mahatma Ghandi wrote about Indian contribution to the Kenyan struggle in The Young India. The relationship between India and Kenya should be extended to the literary level. In that perspective, I have chosen to examine the work of radical thinker Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak and acclaimed East African writer Ngugi Wa Thiong’o. Spivak’s Can the subaltern Speak? and what I term Ngugi Wa Thiong’o’s “Trilogy” will be my trumpets. There is a possibility of delineating a single prison personality from the Trilogy books which discuss a personal and collective Kenyan history of struggle. In her interview with Leon De Kock (A Review of International English Literature, 23:3, July 1992), Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak calls for a better understanding of the term “subaltern” transformed in many disciplines by returning to its meaning as used by Gramsci. Future works will hear her voice, and I am not pretending either to be the first to reactivate the term. The point today resides in this question: Why must one read or continue to read Antonio Gramsci today? The Gramsci-Spivak understanding of the subaltern concept is the tool that helps explore all the aspects of the Trilogy.