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Interviewees: Matthew Sullivan, PhD, Assistant Director of Disability Resources, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis Suchita “Suchi” Rastogi, PhD. MPH Candidate, University of Illinois Chicago; CEO, Disability in Medicine Mutual Mentorship Program Interviewer: Lisa Meeks, PhD, MA, Guest Editor, Academic Medicine Supplement on Disability Inclusion in Undergraduate Medical Education Description: In this episode of Stories Behind the Science, Dr. Lisa Meeks talks with Matt Sullivan (Washington University School of Medicine) and Suchita “Suchi” Rastogi (UIC; DM3P) about their paper, “Standardized Language for Clinical Accommodations in U.S. Undergraduate Medical Training: Results From a National Modified Delphi Consensus Study,”part of the Academic Medicine supplement on Disability Inclusion in UME. Their conversation explores how a grassroots idea—born from students' lived experiences and practitioners' urgent need for clarity—grew into the first national, evidence-based language guide for clinical accommodations. Together, they unpack how a modified Delphi process brought students, Disability Resource Professionals, and leaders together to build consensus around the precise language that transforms intention into implementation. The trio discuss how language and word choices can make the difference between support and confusion, and how transparent, shared language strengthens trust and access for all. Dr. Meeks, Sullivan, and Rastogi also reflect on the collaborative model that made this project possible—one that centers disabled voices, encourages vulnerability in leadership, and demonstrates how clarity in communication is the foundation of equity. Listeners will come away with practical takeaways for institutions and leaders: audit your accommodation templates, build structured partnerships between DRPs and Student Affairs, and engage students as co-creators in designing accessible clinical environments. Transcript: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ooJ5TP8V8s4t35EECoWHNTta7qqwbKlx-Fgu_WIiPG4/edit?usp=sharing Bios: Matt Sullivan PhD Dr. Sullivan is the Assistant Director of Disability Resources, At Washington University in St. Louis, and serves as DR's liaison to WashU's School of Medicine, acting as the primary contact for SoM faculty/staff, students, and prospective students.  In this role, Matt works closely with all parties to create an accessible and inclusive educational environment for disabled students pursuing their degrees within Health Sciences and Medicine. Dr. Sullivan is a research-oriented practitioner dedicated to promoting disability awareness and inclusion within the higher education environment.  In his student affairs roles, Dr. Sullivan has experience providing leadership and direction for a variety of programs and services in the areas of disability, testing, tutoring, Supplemental Instruction, and academic coaching.  Working in the field of disability services for more than a decade, Matt has dedicated his time and energy to the education and development of students, faculty, and staff surrounding the intersectionality of disability with race, culture, gender, and other prominent identity factors. Suchita “Suchi” Rastogi PhD Suchi is an MPH student at the University of Illinois Chicago and CEO of the Disability in Medicine Mutual Mentorship Program (DM3P). A former MD-PhD student at Stanford University, she advocates for accessible medical education and leads community-based efforts to promote disability inclusion and peer mentorship. As a South Asian disability activist, she values health equity and compassionately designed systems that serve all people with dignity. She believes everyone deserves respect, access to material resources, and psychosocial support. These values compel her to improve healthcare and public health infrastructure for disabled patients, increase disability representation in medicine, and shift attitudes towards persons with disability. To accomplish this, she 1) run a mentorship program (DM3P) for healthcare professionals with disability, 2) conducts disability health equity research, and 3) advocates for evidence-based policies that center accessibility. Key Words: Clinical accommodations · Disability inclusion · Medical students · Disability Resource Professionals ADA Resources: Article from Today's Talk: Dhanani Z, Rastogi S, Sullivan M, Betchkal R, Poullos P, Meeks LM. Standardized Language for Clinical Accommodations in U.S. Undergraduate Medical Training: Results From a National Modified Delphi Consensus Study.Academic Medicine. 2025;100(10S):S92–S97. DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000006150 Read the full article here → Equal Access for Students with Disabilities: The Guide for Health Science and Professional Education (2nd Ed). Meeks LM, Jain NR, & Laird EP. Springer Publishing, 2020. Read here → The Docs With Disabilities Podcast: https://www.docswithdisabilities.org/docswithpodcast

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is one of the most common forms of muscular dystrophy, affecting individuals across the lifespan with variable severity. Advances in genetic understanding and therapeutic development have led to an era of promising disease-modifying strategies. In this episode, Katie Grouse, MD FAAN, speaks with Renatta N. Knox, MD, PhD, author of the article “Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy” in the Continuum® October 2025 Muscle and Neuromuscular Junction Disorders issue. Dr. Grouse is a Continuum® Audio interviewer and a clinical assistant professor at the University of California San Francisco in San Francisco, California. Dr. Knox is an assistant professor of neurology in the Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Section at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. Additional Resources Read the article: Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy Subscribe to Continuum®: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN  Full episode transcript available here Dr Jones: This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio. Be sure to visit the links in the episode notes for information about earning CME, subscribing to the journal, and exclusive access to interviews not featured on the podcast. Dr Grouse: This is Dr Katie Grouse. Today I'm interviewing Dr Renatta Knox about her article on fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, which appears in the October 2025 Continuum issue on muscle and neuromuscular junction disorders. Welcome to the podcast, and please introduce yourself to our audience. Dr Knox: Hi Katie, thank you so much for the invitation for the audio interview. I'm looking forward to our conversation. As she mentioned, my name is Renata Knox. It's a pleasure to be here today. Dr Grouse: I'd like to start by asking, what is the key message that you hope your readers will take from your article? Dr Knox: I would say two things. The first is an appreciation and understanding of the unique genetic mechanism that leads to FSHD. And the second is the really exciting therapy landscape that we find ourselves in. So, we're hopeful that there will actually be disease-modifying therapies for FSHD soon. Dr Grouse: We're really looking forward to learning more about that. Now, before we get to that piece, could you just remind us of the clinical manifestations and features that are specific to FSHD? Dr Knox: So, one of the most unique things about FSHD that we see clinically is the pattern of weakness. So, one of the first features is that it's asymmetric. And then there are certain muscle groups that typically are affected, and that's partly where the name comes from. So, we see effects in the face, the limbs, the trunk; and so, those are some of the unique features that we see clinically. Dr Grouse: I'd love it if you could walk us through how you approach diagnosing a patient who presents with proximal weakness where FSHD is in your differential. Dr Knox: Yeah, it's a really great question. So, I would say it depends. So, I actually focus on FSHD in my clinical practice. So, many times patients are referred to me because there's a very high suspicion or there's a known family history of FSHD. So, that's one category of cases. I would say the other category of case is where it's, as you said, maybe more proximal weakness more broadly. Someone that's before me who has a known family history, they really have some of the characteristic physical features---which I'm pretty attuned to, as this is, you know, part of my subspecialty---I'll actually go directly to FSHD genetic testing. And that is one of the unique features of this disease, that the next-generation sequencing panels that are typically used for some of our other muscle diseases, FSHD is not captured on those. So, we actually have to send targeted testing for FSHD to diagnose it. So, that is one category where, again, I have a very high suspicion either based on their clinical presentation and/or a known family history, then I will actually go directly to FSHD-targeted genetic testing. In the second case, where it is one of the conditions that I'm considering among others, I will do more broad testing. So, I will get a CK level to see if there's evidence of muscle breakdown. I'll likely also do one of the next-generation sequencing panels that we have access to, which will allow us to identify, potentially, one to two hundred potential muscle diseases. And then again, if FSHD is higher on my differential in that second group of patients, then I will also send targeted FSHD-specific testing. Dr Grouse: That's really helpful. And I'm wondering if you have any thoughts about common pitfalls that you've seen when providers are trying to work this up? Dr Knox: I don't know if I would say pitfalls. I think I would acknowledge that it's challenging. My subspecialty training in neuromuscular medicine and also gene therapy. And so FSHD is pretty high on my radar. But I would say in neurology in general---and then, you know, the general medical population---,it really isn't something that many people are seeing. So, I would say what patients will communicate to us sometimes is some frustration that maybe it took time to make the diagnosis, but I just have a deep understanding that it's not something that is on many people's radars. And I think, again, it's tricky because it's not picked up on these next-generation sequencing panels, which many of us can send pretty easily. It will be missed. And I will say the biggest pitfall is, again, if you're not thinking about it and you don't send that testing, you actually- it's very difficult to diagnose it. Dr Grouse: Thank you so much for highlighting that. I think there are many people who are not aware that those different panels really aren't picking that up and that they have to test specifically. So, I think that's a great thing for all of us to keep in mind. Are there any tips or tricks to the diagnosis, other than the genetic issues that you mentioned, that sometimes can really bring this diagnosis to the forefront? Dr Knox: I think things that really tip me off to having a higher suspicion for FSHD is facial weakness that we can detect on our exam. Scapular winging---again, there's a small subset of disorders which can impact that. Someone who's presenting with foot drop, you know, with facial weakness, I think definitely about FSHD more. Also, clinically, kind of the presentation or things that they're beginning to have difficulty with is a tip-off. So, if someone is an athlete, like, they're a volleyball player or basketball player and they say, oh, I'm having difficulties, you know, with movements that require them to elevate their arm, which can be a sign of the shoulder weakness that we classically see. Or someone who says, oh, I'm having a harder time shampooing my hair or combing my hair. So those can be tip-offs again, which are basically referencing the type of weakness that they have. Another feature of FSHD which isn't necessarily as broadly appreciated is that pain and fatigue are very common. So, if someone is coming in and saying, actually, I also have a significant amount of fatigue as well or a lot of pain, that's something that can tip me off to it. Hearing loss is something that we can also see in up to 20% of patients with FSHD. So, if they are having those symptoms or saying they're ringing in their ears, these are some things that will make me begin to think about it more. Dr Grouse: Oh, really helpful. I also found it really fascinating reading some of the very FSHD-specific clinical signs, some interesting- some diagrams and pictures as well, that are very specific to the pattern of weakness that develops in FSHD. So, I encourage our listeners to check that out. But are there any highlights from those little clinical pearls that you'd like to point out? Dr Knox: I think the poly-hill sign---so, these are these literal hills that we can see in the shoulders of patients with FSHD---is pretty classic. Popeye arms, which is this older term that we still use that has to do with which muscle groups are preserved versus those that have atrophy. So that's a common feature. And then I would say, really, the asymmetry is something that is a unique feature in FSHD. And again, we did our best to provide good representative images. So again, as you mentioned, Katie, I would really encourage people to look at those images and then think about cases that they may have seen and how similar they are so they can begin to recognize those signs as well. Dr Grouse: Now going back to the genetic topic, the complex genetic underpinnings of FSHD are really well-explained in your article; and again, worth taking a look at to remind ourselves of everything that's of that pathology. Now, I was wondering though, if you could give us a brief overview of how we should approach genetic testing in a suspected case of FSHD? You mentioned some specific panels, but it does sound like there's some more complexity to it as well. Dr Knox: Yes, and I'll just kind of briefly explain that complexity. Part of the thing that we're detecting in the genetic testing is the repeat number. And so, we're actually looking for a contraction in a repeat number. So, not an expansion, which were typical for some of the diseases that we think about, the trinucleotide repeat disorders. And this is why it's not captured in the next-generation sequencing panels, because they do not currently have the ability to do that. And so, again, what the type of testing that I do really depends on my suspicion. So again, if my suspicion is very high for FSHD---they have a family history, they have the classic features---then I will actually go directly to an FSHD-specific testing, which is available from various sources. If, again, it's among different things that I'm thinking about, I will get a CK lab. I typically will also send a next-generation sequencing panel specific for muscle diseases, perhaps muscular dystrophy; again, depending on what I'm thinking about. And then I will also send in a specific FSHD genetic test as well. People are beginning to use whole-genome sequencing, which is capturing some of our true nucleotide repeat disorders and becoming more comprehensive. So, my hope is that as that becomes more standard of care---like, whole-exome sequencing can be gotten pretty routinely now---that it may be easier for us to make some of these diagnoses. Dr Grouse: Well, that's really helpful, and thanks for that overview. Now another thing that you mentioned that I thought was really interesting in your article was that patients with, you know, history of FSHD, perhaps in the family, who are pregnant and want to screen for this disease would not be able to use sort of the more common screening tests like cell-free DNA testing and may have to go to other means to do that. What is generally their route to this type of testing? Dr Knox: Yeah, great question, and really important question for family planning purposes, and it definitely comes up in clinical practice. And so again, because of the unique genetics of FSHD, you actually have to do invasive genetic testing currently to be able to test it. And so that's, you know, amnio or chorio, and then send it to a lab that can perform, again, FSHD-specific testing on the samples that are presented. And there are obviously labs that are capable of doing that and centers that are capable of doing that, but it is not picked up on the cell-free DNA panels that are being very routinely used. You or your provider has to be thinking about it to send that specific testing, similar to our patients that come into clinic and have not yet been diagnosed. Dr Grouse: Once you have the diagnosis, what are our options for therapy? I think it sounds like at this current time, it looks to be mostly supportive. What are some of the supportive care options we should keep in mind? Dr Knox: Yes, so that is definitely accurate. Care today is supportive, but again, we're very excited about the clinical trial and therapy landscape for FSHD. So, I work very closely with my physical therapy colleagues that are in clinic with me. So, we work very closely with physical and occupational therapists to help with supportive measures, adaptive measures, doing assessments, helping our patients to be able to move and exercise safely and effectively. As I mentioned, pain is very common in FSHD and so we can treat that with medications. The most common medication that we use to treat for pain in FSHD are NSAIDs. And then other than that it's really, you know, supportive measures. Do they need to see other subspecialists? There are some surgical options. Those are used very rarely to help with some of the scapular weakness, but typically it's physical therapy, occupational therapy, supportive devices. We treat the pain as we're able to, and then we work with other subspecialists to screen, monitor and support our patients to the best of our ability. Dr Grouse: Well, without further ado, I'd love to hear more about what's coming down the pipeline in clinical trials. What can we look forward to seeing, hopefully, in future years to treat these patients? Dr Knox: Yes. And so, this is actually what got me interested in the neuromuscle space in general is that, because we now for many years have known the genetic cause of many of these disorders as well as some of the underlying mechanisms, we can actually use advances in therapeutics to do what we call targeted therapies. So, rather than treating symptoms or indirect methods or doing kind of broad drug screens---which, again, still do take place and still do have their place---we actually can target mechanisms directly. And so, we know that the underlying biology of FSHD is due to this protein called DUX4 being expressed when it should not be. So, it's what we call a toxic gain of function. And so, the targeted way to address this is to suppress DUX4 expression. And so, kind of broadly speaking, what we're really excited about are a couple of products that are currently in clinical trials right now that actually caused DUX4 suppression to be suppressed. And again, these are targeted pathways. And so, again, the hope is that by doing that, we can hopefully slow the progression of the disease, potentially stop progression of the disease, and potentially reverse. Again, we don't know if that might be possible, but that is one of the hopes. Dr Grouse: Well, that's really exciting, and I know we're all looking forward to more coming down the pipeline soon, and hopefully more things that can really offer some exciting treatments for our patients with this condition. Now, a little more deep-dive into our patients who are diagnosed. You've reviewed some of the treatments currently available and hopefully may someday soon be available. Are there other things that we should be keeping in mind in this population? For instance, screenings that we should be doing for other extramuscular manifestations that we need to be thinking about? Dr Knox: I will answer that question two ways. I think something that's very important to acknowledge is the impact that these diagnoses and these conditions have on our patient practically, psychologically. One of the other unique features of FSHD is, it's autosomal-dominant. So, if it is in a family, you can have many family members who are affected, but the variability is very high. And so, you can have in the same family someone who is wheelchair-dependent, and someone else in the family with the same underlying genetics who has no signs or symptoms or is very mildly affected. And that is something that is definitely challenging for our families and patients to navigate if they're very different than their family members with the same condition. And just navigating the world with a condition that, you know, can be physically debilitating and cause changes to what they're able to do or not able to do, progression is something that's very difficult to handle. So, I think that's one set of things. And we try our best, you know, with my team and my other colleagues in the space, to support our families and patients in the best way that we can. Secondly, there is very important screening that needs to be done for this condition. So, one of the things- and the current guidelines which are actually being updated, the last update was in 2015 is all patients that undergo pulmonary function testing or PFTs. And so that's something we do at baseline and we do at least annually in my practice. Young kids who are presenting very early or patients with certain genetics that we know are more predisposed to extra muscular manifestations, we recommend screening for hearing, which is one of the manifestations, and ophthalmologic exam to look for retinovascular changes, which is one of the manifestations as well. Those are the more common ones that are typically done. There's also some evidence in pediatric patients with very severe manifestations that there may be some cognitive impacts, learning impacts. And so, that is something we're also thinking about screening and supporting our patients in that way. And again, we typically work with these patients in a multidisciplinary team depending on what manifestations and the degrees to which they're impacted by the disorder. Dr Grouse: Thank you so much for that answer. I think a lot of us forget sometimes when we get really focused on what can we do now, that we forget to kind of stop and reflect on sort of the more holistic approach. How is this affecting the patient? How is this affecting the patient's family dynamic, and what other ways are they going through life with this condition that we need to be thinking about? So, I appreciate you bringing that up. I wanted to ask, sort of based on what you're talking about and what you mentioned already, you happened to mention that what initially drew you that to this work was your interest in some of the really exciting breakthroughs in the field. Well, was there anything else that drew you to, specifically, congenital neuromuscular diseases, and FSHD in particular? Dr Knox: I'm a physician scientist by training, and so I would describe myself also as a molecular biologist. So, I love getting into the nitty gritties of disease mechanisms, what genes are doing in bodies, how they function. And so, as I mentioned earlier, in the neuromuscle space, we've known for many years the genetic cause of many of these disorders and have done great, you know, mechanistic work to kind of define why we see the disease. And then now we're at this intersection of that knowledge marrying with these really novel therapeutic approaches, gene therapy approaches, being able to intersect and then in very creative ways actually target diseases very directly. And so, I would say it really is the combination of those two things. FSHD has a really fascinating unique biology, which again, we encourage everyone to read about more in the article. That really drew me to it. I'm very interested in gene regulation, transcription. This is one of the underlying mechanisms that is gone awry in the disorder, and then that being married to advances in therapeutics. So, you could wed those two pieces of information and actually meaningfully impact patient 's lives. And again, that's the real privilege and honor to witness is how these therapies can transform lives. And I saw it happened with this one case for this one disorder when I was a resident where there was no treatment. Young children, unfortunately, would not survive the disease. And then I saw the therapy come be in development and literally change the trajectory. And this is what we're very hopeful for in the FSHD space, that wedding, this wonderful basic science research, translational research, companies working together to develop these therapies that can transform lives. It is just so beautiful to witness and see, and it's something that I get to do. You know, it's a part of my job, so it's a real privilege. Dr Grouse: Well, I have to say, it's really inspiring hearing you talk about it. And I imagine that many neurologists-in-training who are listening to this may be inspired as well and may be convinced to go into this field for that very reason. So, thank you so much for sharing all of this information with us today. I learned a lot, and I think all of our listeners have too. Dr Knox: Thank you. It's really been a pleasure. Dr Grouse: Again, today I've been interviewing Dr Renatta Knox about her article on fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, which appears in the October 2025 Continuum issue on muscle and neuromuscular junction disorders. Be sure to check out Continuum Audio episodes from this and other issues. And thank you to our listeners for joining today. Dr Monteith: This is Dr Teshamae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal, which is full of in-depth and clinically relevant information important for neurology practitioners. Use the link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members, you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.

Dr. Greg Cejas, an autism specialist and researcher in the department of psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine and Megan Lynch, discuss the varying factors that play a part in children developing autism.

Bienvenidos a la quinta temporada de Pediatras en Línea, un podcast creado para conectar a profesionales de la salud con experiencias, herramientas y modelos innovadores que están transformando el cuidado pediátrico en nuestras comunidades. Hoy tenemos un episodio dirigido a ustedes: pediatras, médicos de atención primaria, residentes y profesionales que trabajan con pacientes pediátricos hispanohablantes.  Nos acompañan dos cirujanos pediatras de Children's Hospital Colorado que lideran una iniciativa única en su tipo: una clínica de cirugía pediátrica completamente en español. Conoceremos cómo funciona este modelo, su impacto en la atención, y cómo puede servir como inspiración para replicarlo en otros sistemas de salud. El Dr. José Luis Díaz-Mirón es originario de Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, México. Estudió medicina en Baylor College of Medicine, en Houston, Texas y completó su residencia en cirugía general en Washington University School of Medicine, en San Luis, Missouri. La especialidad en cirugía pediátrica la realizó en la Universidad de Michigan, Ann Arbor. El Dr. Jonathan Hills-Dunlap estudió en la escuela de medicina de la Universidad de Stanford. Cuenta con una maestría en salud pública de la Escuela de Salud Pública de Harvard. Su residencia la cursó en Brigham and Women's Hospital y en la Escuela de Medicina de Harvard. Realizó un fellowship de Investigación en Servicios de Salud Pediátrica de Harvard en el Boston Children's Hospital y la subespecialidad de Cirugía Pediátrica en el Children's Hospital Colorado en la Universidad de Colorado. Actualmente ambos trabajan en Children's Hospital Colorado donde han desarrollado la primera clínica en el estado de Colorado para pacientes de habla hispana. Clínica de cirugía pediátrica de habla hispana . Click or tap if you trust this link." id="OWA0ed31062-1cc1-9dc2-f276-b96e9f292da1" href="Clínica de cirugía pediátrica de habla hispana ">Clínica de Cirugía Pediátrica | Children's Hospital Colorado (Children's Hospital Colorado ) ¿Tienes algún comentario sobre este episodio o sugerencias de temas para un futuro podcast?  Escríbenos a pediatrasenlinea@childrenscolorado.org.

Professor Matthew Kreuter, Kahn Family Professor of Public Health at the Washington University School of Public Health, joins Megan Lynch following an annual poll of St Louisans about their health concerns. He says the gun violence ranking stays high, but is decreasing as mental health concerns are climbing.

This is the VIC 4 VETS, Weekly Honored Veteran. William “Bill” Sabastian Salfen SUBMITTED BY: A regular listener _____________________________________________________________ Hi Vic and Ken! I hope this veteran will fit nicely into you and Vic's wonderful daily/soon-to-be-weekly tribute to veterans. I hope you can offer some acknowledgement of a local hometown hero from the past. As I stated before, I neither need nor desire recognition for offering his story - if you use it, can you just say a regular listener brought him to your attention? I worked in Bridgeton, Mo for 16 years, which was where I met Bill Salfen. He was a close, longtime friend of the business owner, and was around quite frequently in all of my years working there, dying the same year I left the business in 2014. Bill showed me multiple official documents regarding his service time, his capture and imprisonment, and eventual release. I have no reason to question his words. I spoke with Bill often about his WWII escapades as a B-24 Bomber Pilot who was shot down and captured by Nazis, then imprisoned at Stalag 1 as a POW. There are a couple different articles I've found stating his age (either 20 or 21) at capture, but Bill personally told me he was 20 when he was shot down - according to him (as well as other sources I've seen over the years) he was the youngest bomber pilot (NOT Co-Pilot) in the US Army Air Forces at the time. Regardless...he was just out of his teens, and Captaining (piloting) a US B-24 Bomber against an enemy force! After his war experiences, Bill became very active in Food Search type programs, and had a specially insulated van he would collect groceries in to distribute to the homeless, and to the food banks in the St. Louis area. In his own words, he told me that he did so because during his time in captivity, he found out all about real hunger, and knew firsthand the pain experienced from it. Bill told me that he had wires holding his jaw together from a German soldier "knocking his face loose" with the buttstock of a rifle during his capture, and true to his nature (as I knew him, anyway) he also said that he didn't blame the German soldier; "after all I (we, the US) was killing Germans and their families." Bill had visible scars all over both arms from German Shepard attacks he sustained during both his initial capture and his multiple escape attempts from Stalag 1. He told me he tried 3 times to escape, and was recaptured each time. The tip of one of his fingers was missing up to past the nail where, he told me, they put it in a bench vise and tortured him by squeezing it, then releasing it, then squeezing the damaged fingertip again the next day and the next, until, as he told me, he finally talked and they pinched the damaged fingertip completely off. He was unashamed about talking, and he had nothing to be ashamed of, in my opinion. I feel very honored to have met and known for years this man that I personally consider to be a true American Hero from WWII. He is a 69 year Founding member and first Captain of VFW POST 5077, O'Fallon MO, a 33 year volunteer at Operation Food Search St. Louis MO and St. Mary's Parish Bridgeton, MO, retired Teamster, union negotiator and 17 year subject of Wash U Memory and Aging Study. He donated his remains to that Study and to Washington University School of Medicine. -"William “Bill” Sabastian Salfen was born 16-Sept 1922 in Dardenne, St. Charles County Missouri. -His parents were Sebastian J "Boss" Salfen (1886–1961) and Josephine "Phinnie" Sattler (1893–1974). -He had one brother, Harold. William attended St. Charles High School. According to the Federal Census, the family lived on Main Street in O’Fallon in 1940. -William Salfen joined the Army Air Corps in June 1942. In September 1942, Bill completed a 12-week Flight Training course at Missouri University. " -"On 27-Jun 1943, William arrived at Corsicana Field from the San Antonio Aviation Cadet Center. -William Received his Army Air Corps Silver Wings and 2nd Lieutenant commission at Frederick Field in Oklahoma on 11-Jan 1944. -William Salfen was assigned to the 44th Bomb Group, 506th Bomber Squadron (Heavy) of the 8th Air Force in England. -They were the first 8th Air Force Bomb Group to be equipped with B-24 Liberators. -On 7-Oct 1944, William Salfen’s plane was damaged, and the crew was forced to bailout. The U.S. Army's 44th Bomber Group Crash Report of the bombing states that his aircraft, #789, was last seen in vicinity of Kassel at 1224 hours. #1 and #2 engines had been knocked out by flak and it fell out of formation, under control. It was last heard from at approximately 1239 hours calling on VHF for fighter support." The following is a first-hand report from Lt. Donald B. Iden, the Co-Pilot: “Our plane was nicknamed "LAKANOOKIE", model B-24 (serial #42-50789), and it took flak which disrupted two of its engines. The bombing raid was on a German tank factory. We had just closed the bomb bay doors after releasing bombs over Kassel when our plane took two bursts of flak. One hit the left wing and the other went into the tail section. The hit in the wing took out the #1 and #2 engines, so that made it impossible to keep a heading without complete cross control of ailerons and rudders. Needless to say, loss of altitude was very rapid. We rode it down to 1,500 feet, at which time we bailed out and soon were captured. After Salfen and I bailed out, the aircraft entered a flat spin, crashed and burned. We were told that Robert Doherty's parachute failed to open and the seven-surviving crew of nine were captured by the Nazis.” William Salfen had been missing in action since 7-October 1944 and was a prisoner of war for 188 days. The St. Charles Weekly Banner reported on 24-May 1945, William Salfen in Stalag Luft 1 was liberated by the Russians. Thanks again to you and Vic for doing this for veterans! ________________________________________________________________ This Week’s VIC 4 VETS, Honored Veteran on NewsTalkSTL. With support from our friends at: Alamo Military Collectables, H.E.R.O.E.S. Care, Monical’s PizzaSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This is the VIC 4 VETS, Weekly Honored Veteran. William “Bill” Sabastian Salfen SUBMITTED BY: A regular listener _____________________________________________________________ Hi Vic and Ken! I hope this veteran will fit nicely into you and Vic's wonderful daily/soon-to-be-weekly tribute to veterans. I hope you can offer some acknowledgement of a local hometown hero from the past. As I stated before, I neither need nor desire recognition for offering his story - if you use it, can you just say a regular listener brought him to your attention? I worked in Bridgeton, Mo for 16 years, which was where I met Bill Salfen. He was a close, longtime friend of the business owner, and was around quite frequently in all of my years working there, dying the same year I left the business in 2014. Bill showed me multiple official documents regarding his service time, his capture and imprisonment, and eventual release. I have no reason to question his words. I spoke with Bill often about his WWII escapades as a B-24 Bomber Pilot who was shot down and captured by Nazis, then imprisoned at Stalag 1 as a POW. There are a couple different articles I've found stating his age (either 20 or 21) at capture, but Bill personally told me he was 20 when he was shot down - according to him (as well as other sources I've seen over the years) he was the youngest bomber pilot (NOT Co-Pilot) in the US Army Air Forces at the time. Regardless...he was just out of his teens, and Captaining (piloting) a US B-24 Bomber against an enemy force! After his war experiences, Bill became very active in Food Search type programs, and had a specially insulated van he would collect groceries in to distribute to the homeless, and to the food banks in the St. Louis area. In his own words, he told me that he did so because during his time in captivity, he found out all about real hunger, and knew firsthand the pain experienced from it. Bill told me that he had wires holding his jaw together from a German soldier "knocking his face loose" with the buttstock of a rifle during his capture, and true to his nature (as I knew him, anyway) he also said that he didn't blame the German soldier; "after all I (we, the US) was killing Germans and their families." Bill had visible scars all over both arms from German Shepard attacks he sustained during both his initial capture and his multiple escape attempts from Stalag 1. He told me he tried 3 times to escape, and was recaptured each time. The tip of one of his fingers was missing up to past the nail where, he told me, they put it in a bench vise and tortured him by squeezing it, then releasing it, then squeezing the damaged fingertip again the next day and the next, until, as he told me, he finally talked and they pinched the damaged fingertip completely off. He was unashamed about talking, and he had nothing to be ashamed of, in my opinion. I feel very honored to have met and known for years this man that I personally consider to be a true American Hero from WWII. He is a 69 year Founding member and first Captain of VFW POST 5077, O'Fallon MO, a 33 year volunteer at Operation Food Search St. Louis MO and St. Mary's Parish Bridgeton, MO, retired Teamster, union negotiator and 17 year subject of Wash U Memory and Aging Study. He donated his remains to that Study and to Washington University School of Medicine. -"William “Bill” Sabastian Salfen was born 16-Sept 1922 in Dardenne, St. Charles County Missouri. -His parents were Sebastian J "Boss" Salfen (1886–1961) and Josephine "Phinnie" Sattler (1893–1974). -He had one brother, Harold. William attended St. Charles High School. According to the Federal Census, the family lived on Main Street in O’Fallon in 1940. -William Salfen joined the Army Air Corps in June 1942. In September 1942, Bill completed a 12-week Flight Training course at Missouri University. " -"On 27-Jun 1943, William arrived at Corsicana Field from the San Antonio Aviation Cadet Center. -William Received his Army Air Corps Silver Wings and 2nd Lieutenant commission at Frederick Field in Oklahoma on 11-Jan 1944. -William Salfen was assigned to the 44th Bomb Group, 506th Bomber Squadron (Heavy) of the 8th Air Force in England. -They were the first 8th Air Force Bomb Group to be equipped with B-24 Liberators. -On 7-Oct 1944, William Salfen’s plane was damaged, and the crew was forced to bailout. The U.S. Army's 44th Bomber Group Crash Report of the bombing states that his aircraft, #789, was last seen in vicinity of Kassel at 1224 hours. #1 and #2 engines had been knocked out by flak and it fell out of formation, under control. It was last heard from at approximately 1239 hours calling on VHF for fighter support." The following is a first-hand report from Lt. Donald B. Iden, the Co-Pilot: “Our plane was nicknamed "LAKANOOKIE", model B-24 (serial #42-50789), and it took flak which disrupted two of its engines. The bombing raid was on a German tank factory. We had just closed the bomb bay doors after releasing bombs over Kassel when our plane took two bursts of flak. One hit the left wing and the other went into the tail section. The hit in the wing took out the #1 and #2 engines, so that made it impossible to keep a heading without complete cross control of ailerons and rudders. Needless to say, loss of altitude was very rapid. We rode it down to 1,500 feet, at which time we bailed out and soon were captured. After Salfen and I bailed out, the aircraft entered a flat spin, crashed and burned. We were told that Robert Doherty's parachute failed to open and the seven-surviving crew of nine were captured by the Nazis.” William Salfen had been missing in action since 7-October 1944 and was a prisoner of war for 188 days. The St. Charles Weekly Banner reported on 24-May 1945, William Salfen in Stalag Luft 1 was liberated by the Russians. Thanks again to you and Vic for doing this for veterans! ________________________________________________________________ This Week’s VIC 4 VETS, Honored Veteran on NewsTalkSTL. With support from our friends at: Alamo Military Collectables, H.E.R.O.E.S. Care, Monical’s PizzaSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In today's data-driven healthcare landscape, integrating diverse data sources into dynamic dashboards is transforming how organizations identify market opportunities and optimize provider deployment. Join us as we explore a compelling case study from Washington University School of Medicine, showcasing how Power BI dashboards are used to drive strategic decisions, improve access to care, and ensure financial sustainability.

The National Constitution Center and the Center on the Structural Constitution at Texas A&M University School of Law present a U.S. Supreme Court review symposium featuring leading constitutional law scholars and commentators analyzing the Court's most significant rulings of the term. Panel 1: Supreme Court Term Review Jonathan Adler, Tazewell Taylor Professor of Law, William & Mary Law SchoolDaniel Epps, professor of law, Washington University School of LawSarah Isgur, editor, SCOTUSblog; legal analyst, ABC NewsFrederick Lawrence, distinguished lecturer, Georgetown University Law CenterModerator: Katherine Mims Crocker, professor of law, Texas A&M University School of Law Stay Connected and Learn More Questions or comments about the show? Email us at ⁠podcast@constitutioncenter.org⁠ Continue the conversation by following us on social media @ConstitutionCtr. ⁠Sign up⁠ to receive Constitution Weekly, our email roundup of constitutional news and debate. Follow, rate, and review wherever you listen. Join us for an upcoming ⁠live program⁠ or watch recordings on ⁠YouTube⁠. Support our important work. ⁠Donate

On April 10, 2025, Ilya Shapiro, Senior Fellow at the Manhattan Institute and author of Lawless: The Miseducation of America's Elites, visited Washington University School of Law to discuss the ideological and bureaucratic challenges facing American higher education. In this lecture, Shapiro argues that elite universities have abandoned their core mission of truth-seeking in favor of activism, driven by bloated administrations and timid leadership. Drawing on personal experience and national trends, he explains how law schools, in particular, are failing to uphold classical liberal values such as free speech, academic freedom, and equal justice. Watch a video recording of the event: https://youtu.be/TGOmu2Ab-ZM The event was hosted by the Show-Me Institute, the Federalist Society, the Sinquefield Charitable Foundation, and Show-Me Opportunity.

Once the most popular graft choice for ACL reconstruction surgery, hamstring autograft has recently fallen out of favor for a variety of concerns including a higher graft rupture rate in younger athletes and concerns over graft diameters that tend to run smaller. However, what does the best level evidence actually say about hamstring autograft's long-term performance versus the current gold-standard, patellar tendon autograft? Dr. Derrick Knapick, MD joins us from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis to discuss his study looking at this question.    

In the third edition of a special podcast series, CancerNetwork® spoke with Daniel Morgensztern, MD; Mary Ellen Flanagan, NP; and Janelle Mann, PharmD, BCOP, about optimal strategies for incorporating different therapeutic agents into lung cancer care. As part of the latest discussion, the group highlighted the relevant efficacy data, administration protocols, and toxicity management considerations associated with TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Morgensztern is a professor of Medicine and the clinical director of Thoracic Oncology in the Division of Oncology at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. Flanagan is a nurse practitioner in the Division of Thoracic Oncology at Washington University. Mann is a clinical oncology pharmacist at Siteman Cancer Center of Washington University School of Medicine and manager of Clinical Pharmacy Services at Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Morgensztern opened the discussion by highlighting the characteristics of prominent TROP2-targeting ADCs in NSCLC management, which included sacituzumab govitecan-hziy (Trodelvy), datopotamab deruxtecan-dlnk (Datroway), and sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT). Additionally, he reviewed data from clinical trials assessing these ADCs across different NSCLC populations, including the phase 3 EVOKE-01 trial (NCT05089734) showing a numerical overall survival (OS) improvement with sacituzumab govitecan vs docetaxel. Regarding the safety profiles of these ADCs, Flanagan described the unique toxicities associated with the agents' payloads as well as potential off-target effects. On top of myelosuppression, fatigue, and diarrhea, she stated that these therapies may cause more visceral organ toxicities like keratitis of the eye and interstitial lung disease. According to Flanagan, some prophylactic measures in the event of certain toxicities include frequent salt and baking soda mouth rinses as well as oral dexamethasone.  Mann then outlined the dosing variability considerations and supportive care measures surrounding the use of agents like sacituzumab govitecan. She emphasized continuously re-educating patients about expected toxicities and supportive care strategies as they undergo these infusion-based therapies to help avoid surprise instances of ocular toxicity, diarrhea, and other adverse effects. Reference Paz-Ares LG, Juan-Vidal O, Mountzios GS, et al. Sacituzumab govitecan versus docetaxel for previously treated advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: the randomized, open-label phase III EVOKE-01 study. J Clin Oncol. 2024;42(24):2860-2872. doi:10.1200/JCO.24.00733

Ahead of the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, CancerNetwork® spoke with a variety of oncology experts about the late-breaking abstracts, plenary sessions, and other key presentations that may shift the paradigm across different cancer care fields. They highlighted anticipated clinical trial results that may transform the standard of care for gynecologic malignancies, lung cancer, and other disease types. Rachel N. Grisham, MD, section head of Ovarian Cancer and director of Gynecologic Medical Oncology at MSK Westchester of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, shared her anticipation of findings from the phase 3 ROSELLA trial (NCT05257408) assessing relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. She stated she was excited to see if the data may represent a new opportunity for this patient population. Next, MinhTri Nguyen, MD, a medical oncologist and hematologist at Stanford Health Care, highlighted a few breast cancer presentations to look out for. These topics included a plenary session on data from the phase 3 SERENA-6 study (NCT04964934) evaluating camizestrant in combination with CDK4/6 inhibitors for those with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer harboring emergent ESR1 mutations. Additionally, Eric K. Singhi, MD, assistant professor in the Department of General Oncology in the Division of Cancer Medicine, and assistant professor in the Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, spoke about a range of potentially practice-changing results in the lung cancer field. For example, he described a session focused on primary results of the phase 3 IMforte trial (NCT05091567) assessing lurbinectedin (Zepzelca) plus atezolizumab (Tecentriq) for those with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). According to Singhi, data from IMforte may shift the paradigm of maintenance therapy for this SCLC population. In the world of head and neck cancer, Douglas R. Adkins, MD, associate professor of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Section of Medical Oncology at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, highlighted the session on the phase 3 NIVOPOSTOP GORTEC 2018-01 trial (NCT03576417). Investigators of this study evaluated nivolumab (Opdivo) in combination with chemoradiotherapy for those with resected head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Adkins noted his excitement to see how these data may impact the standard of care, particularly for patients in Europe, where investigators conducted the study. As part of an Oncology Decoded discussion, Benjamin Garmezy, MD, the associate director of genitourinary research and executive cochair of the Genitourinary Cancer Research Executive Committee at Sarah Cannon Research Institute (SCRI) and medical oncologist at SCRI Oncology Partners specializing in genitourinary cancers, discussed key abstracts in bladder cancer. One specific presentation included additional findings from the phase 3 NIAGARA trial (NCT03732677), which may show how circulating tumor DNA can influence treatment decision-making regarding perioperative durvalumab (Imfinzi) for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Dr. Christopher Ray is a vascular neurologist at Washington University School of Medicine. He joins KMOX Health Editor Fred Bodimer with details on a new study focusing on acute migraines. Photo by Alamy/PA Images/Alamy Images/Sipa USA)

President Trump says the U.S. government is poised to accept an airplane from Qatar valued at nearly $400 million. He claims the 747 aircraft will replace the 40-year-old Air Force One. But the announcement has raised ethical and national security concerns. Geoff Bennett discussed more with Kathleen Clark, a government ethics expert and professor at Washington University School of Law. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

President Trump says the U.S. government is poised to accept an airplane from Qatar valued at nearly $400 million. He claims the 747 aircraft will replace the 40-year-old Air Force One. But the announcement has raised ethical and national security concerns. Geoff Bennett discussed more with Kathleen Clark, a government ethics expert and professor at Washington University School of Law. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Since American president Donald Trump was elected to a second term, it is common to hear citizens, journalists, and public officials distinguish between the laws and leaders of their states and the national government. Those who oppose Trump's policies with regard to reproductive rights, gun violence, LGBTQ+, education, police, and voting often present state constitutions, courts, laws, culture, and leaders as a bulwark against Trump's autocratic rule.  But Professor Stephen H. Legomsky sees it differently. His new book, Reimagining the American Union: The Case for Abolishing State Government (Cambridge University Press 2025) argues that – if we care about democracy – we should imagine an America without state government. No longer a union of arbitrarily constructed states, the country would become a union of one American people. Reimagining the American Union understands state government as the root cause of the gravest threats to American democracy. While some of those threats are baked into the Constitution, the book argues that others are the product of state legislatures abusing their powers through gerrymanders, voter suppression, and other less-publicized manipulations that often target African-Americans and other minority voters. Reimagining the American Union interrogates how having national, state and local legislative bodies, taxation, bureaucracy, and regulation wastes taxpayer money and burdens the citizenry. After assessing the supposed benefits of state government, Professor Legomsky argues for a new, unitary American republic with only national and local governments. Stephen H. Legomsky is the John S. Lehmann University Professor Emeritus at the Washington University School of Law. Professor Legomsky has published scholarly books on immigration and refugee law, courts, and constitutional law. He served in the Obama Administration as Chief Counsel of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and later as Senior Counselor to Secretary of Homeland Security Jeh Johnson. He was a member of President-Elect Biden's transition team, has testified often before Congress, and has worked with state, local, UN, and foreign governments. Mentioned: Cambridge University press is offering a 20% discount here (until October) Susan's NBN interview with Richard Kreitner on Break It Up: Secession, Division, and The Secret History of America's Imperfect Union Jonathan A. Rodden's Why Cities Lose: The Deep Roots of the Urban-Rural Political Divide (Basic Books 2019) Hendrik Hertzberg's review of Robert A. Dahl's How Democratic Is the American Constitution (Yale) Shelby County v. Holder, the Supreme Court case that overturned the Voting Rights Act of 1965's pre-clearance requirement for historically discriminating districts Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Since American president Donald Trump was elected to a second term, it is common to hear citizens, journalists, and public officials distinguish between the laws and leaders of their states and the national government. Those who oppose Trump's policies with regard to reproductive rights, gun violence, LGBTQ+, education, police, and voting often present state constitutions, courts, laws, culture, and leaders as a bulwark against Trump's autocratic rule.  But Professor Stephen H. Legomsky sees it differently. His new book, Reimagining the American Union: The Case for Abolishing State Government (Cambridge University Press 2025) argues that – if we care about democracy – we should imagine an America without state government. No longer a union of arbitrarily constructed states, the country would become a union of one American people. Reimagining the American Union understands state government as the root cause of the gravest threats to American democracy. While some of those threats are baked into the Constitution, the book argues that others are the product of state legislatures abusing their powers through gerrymanders, voter suppression, and other less-publicized manipulations that often target African-Americans and other minority voters. Reimagining the American Union interrogates how having national, state and local legislative bodies, taxation, bureaucracy, and regulation wastes taxpayer money and burdens the citizenry. After assessing the supposed benefits of state government, Professor Legomsky argues for a new, unitary American republic with only national and local governments. Stephen H. Legomsky is the John S. Lehmann University Professor Emeritus at the Washington University School of Law. Professor Legomsky has published scholarly books on immigration and refugee law, courts, and constitutional law. He served in the Obama Administration as Chief Counsel of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and later as Senior Counselor to Secretary of Homeland Security Jeh Johnson. He was a member of President-Elect Biden's transition team, has testified often before Congress, and has worked with state, local, UN, and foreign governments. Mentioned: Cambridge University press is offering a 20% discount here (until October) Susan's NBN interview with Richard Kreitner on Break It Up: Secession, Division, and The Secret History of America's Imperfect Union Jonathan A. Rodden's Why Cities Lose: The Deep Roots of the Urban-Rural Political Divide (Basic Books 2019) Hendrik Hertzberg's review of Robert A. Dahl's How Democratic Is the American Constitution (Yale) Shelby County v. Holder, the Supreme Court case that overturned the Voting Rights Act of 1965's pre-clearance requirement for historically discriminating districts Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/political-science

Since American president Donald Trump was elected to a second term, it is common to hear citizens, journalists, and public officials distinguish between the laws and leaders of their states and the national government. Those who oppose Trump's policies with regard to reproductive rights, gun violence, LGBTQ+, education, police, and voting often present state constitutions, courts, laws, culture, and leaders as a bulwark against Trump's autocratic rule.  But Professor Stephen H. Legomsky sees it differently. His new book, Reimagining the American Union: The Case for Abolishing State Government (Cambridge University Press 2025) argues that – if we care about democracy – we should imagine an America without state government. No longer a union of arbitrarily constructed states, the country would become a union of one American people. Reimagining the American Union understands state government as the root cause of the gravest threats to American democracy. While some of those threats are baked into the Constitution, the book argues that others are the product of state legislatures abusing their powers through gerrymanders, voter suppression, and other less-publicized manipulations that often target African-Americans and other minority voters. Reimagining the American Union interrogates how having national, state and local legislative bodies, taxation, bureaucracy, and regulation wastes taxpayer money and burdens the citizenry. After assessing the supposed benefits of state government, Professor Legomsky argues for a new, unitary American republic with only national and local governments. Stephen H. Legomsky is the John S. Lehmann University Professor Emeritus at the Washington University School of Law. Professor Legomsky has published scholarly books on immigration and refugee law, courts, and constitutional law. He served in the Obama Administration as Chief Counsel of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and later as Senior Counselor to Secretary of Homeland Security Jeh Johnson. He was a member of President-Elect Biden's transition team, has testified often before Congress, and has worked with state, local, UN, and foreign governments. Mentioned: Cambridge University press is offering a 20% discount here (until October) Susan's NBN interview with Richard Kreitner on Break It Up: Secession, Division, and The Secret History of America's Imperfect Union Jonathan A. Rodden's Why Cities Lose: The Deep Roots of the Urban-Rural Political Divide (Basic Books 2019) Hendrik Hertzberg's review of Robert A. Dahl's How Democratic Is the American Constitution (Yale) Shelby County v. Holder, the Supreme Court case that overturned the Voting Rights Act of 1965's pre-clearance requirement for historically discriminating districts Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-studies

Since American president Donald Trump was elected to a second term, it is common to hear citizens, journalists, and public officials distinguish between the laws and leaders of their states and the national government. Those who oppose Trump's policies with regard to reproductive rights, gun violence, LGBTQ+, education, police, and voting often present state constitutions, courts, laws, culture, and leaders as a bulwark against Trump's autocratic rule.  But Professor Stephen H. Legomsky sees it differently. His new book, Reimagining the American Union: The Case for Abolishing State Government (Cambridge University Press 2025) argues that – if we care about democracy – we should imagine an America without state government. No longer a union of arbitrarily constructed states, the country would become a union of one American people. Reimagining the American Union understands state government as the root cause of the gravest threats to American democracy. While some of those threats are baked into the Constitution, the book argues that others are the product of state legislatures abusing their powers through gerrymanders, voter suppression, and other less-publicized manipulations that often target African-Americans and other minority voters. Reimagining the American Union interrogates how having national, state and local legislative bodies, taxation, bureaucracy, and regulation wastes taxpayer money and burdens the citizenry. After assessing the supposed benefits of state government, Professor Legomsky argues for a new, unitary American republic with only national and local governments. Stephen H. Legomsky is the John S. Lehmann University Professor Emeritus at the Washington University School of Law. Professor Legomsky has published scholarly books on immigration and refugee law, courts, and constitutional law. He served in the Obama Administration as Chief Counsel of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and later as Senior Counselor to Secretary of Homeland Security Jeh Johnson. He was a member of President-Elect Biden's transition team, has testified often before Congress, and has worked with state, local, UN, and foreign governments. Mentioned: Cambridge University press is offering a 20% discount here (until October) Susan's NBN interview with Richard Kreitner on Break It Up: Secession, Division, and The Secret History of America's Imperfect Union Jonathan A. Rodden's Why Cities Lose: The Deep Roots of the Urban-Rural Political Divide (Basic Books 2019) Hendrik Hertzberg's review of Robert A. Dahl's How Democratic Is the American Constitution (Yale) Shelby County v. Holder, the Supreme Court case that overturned the Voting Rights Act of 1965's pre-clearance requirement for historically discriminating districts Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/politics-and-polemics

Since American president Donald Trump was elected to a second term, it is common to hear citizens, journalists, and public officials distinguish between the laws and leaders of their states and the national government. Those who oppose Trump's policies with regard to reproductive rights, gun violence, LGBTQ+, education, police, and voting often present state constitutions, courts, laws, culture, and leaders as a bulwark against Trump's autocratic rule.  But Professor Stephen H. Legomsky sees it differently. His new book, Reimagining the American Union: The Case for Abolishing State Government (Cambridge University Press 2025) argues that – if we care about democracy – we should imagine an America without state government. No longer a union of arbitrarily constructed states, the country would become a union of one American people. Reimagining the American Union understands state government as the root cause of the gravest threats to American democracy. While some of those threats are baked into the Constitution, the book argues that others are the product of state legislatures abusing their powers through gerrymanders, voter suppression, and other less-publicized manipulations that often target African-Americans and other minority voters. Reimagining the American Union interrogates how having national, state and local legislative bodies, taxation, bureaucracy, and regulation wastes taxpayer money and burdens the citizenry. After assessing the supposed benefits of state government, Professor Legomsky argues for a new, unitary American republic with only national and local governments. Stephen H. Legomsky is the John S. Lehmann University Professor Emeritus at the Washington University School of Law. Professor Legomsky has published scholarly books on immigration and refugee law, courts, and constitutional law. He served in the Obama Administration as Chief Counsel of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and later as Senior Counselor to Secretary of Homeland Security Jeh Johnson. He was a member of President-Elect Biden's transition team, has testified often before Congress, and has worked with state, local, UN, and foreign governments. Mentioned: Cambridge University press is offering a 20% discount here (until October) Susan's NBN interview with Richard Kreitner on Break It Up: Secession, Division, and The Secret History of America's Imperfect Union Jonathan A. Rodden's Why Cities Lose: The Deep Roots of the Urban-Rural Political Divide (Basic Books 2019) Hendrik Hertzberg's review of Robert A. Dahl's How Democratic Is the American Constitution (Yale) Shelby County v. Holder, the Supreme Court case that overturned the Voting Rights Act of 1965's pre-clearance requirement for historically discriminating districts Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/law

Since American president Donald Trump was elected to a second term, it is common to hear citizens, journalists, and public officials distinguish between the laws and leaders of their states and the national government. Those who oppose Trump's policies with regard to reproductive rights, gun violence, LGBTQ+, education, police, and voting often present state constitutions, courts, laws, culture, and leaders as a bulwark against Trump's autocratic rule.  But Professor Stephen H. Legomsky sees it differently. His new book, Reimagining the American Union: The Case for Abolishing State Government (Cambridge University Press 2025) argues that – if we care about democracy – we should imagine an America without state government. No longer a union of arbitrarily constructed states, the country would become a union of one American people. Reimagining the American Union understands state government as the root cause of the gravest threats to American democracy. While some of those threats are baked into the Constitution, the book argues that others are the product of state legislatures abusing their powers through gerrymanders, voter suppression, and other less-publicized manipulations that often target African-Americans and other minority voters. Reimagining the American Union interrogates how having national, state and local legislative bodies, taxation, bureaucracy, and regulation wastes taxpayer money and burdens the citizenry. After assessing the supposed benefits of state government, Professor Legomsky argues for a new, unitary American republic with only national and local governments. Stephen H. Legomsky is the John S. Lehmann University Professor Emeritus at the Washington University School of Law. Professor Legomsky has published scholarly books on immigration and refugee law, courts, and constitutional law. He served in the Obama Administration as Chief Counsel of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and later as Senior Counselor to Secretary of Homeland Security Jeh Johnson. He was a member of President-Elect Biden's transition team, has testified often before Congress, and has worked with state, local, UN, and foreign governments. Mentioned: Cambridge University press is offering a 20% discount here (until October) Susan's NBN interview with Richard Kreitner on Break It Up: Secession, Division, and The Secret History of America's Imperfect Union Jonathan A. Rodden's Why Cities Lose: The Deep Roots of the Urban-Rural Political Divide (Basic Books 2019) Hendrik Hertzberg's review of Robert A. Dahl's How Democratic Is the American Constitution (Yale) Shelby County v. Holder, the Supreme Court case that overturned the Voting Rights Act of 1965's pre-clearance requirement for historically discriminating districts

Since American president Donald Trump was elected to a second term, it is common to hear citizens, journalists, and public officials distinguish between the laws and leaders of their states and the national government. Those who oppose Trump's policies with regard to reproductive rights, gun violence, LGBTQ+, education, police, and voting often present state constitutions, courts, laws, culture, and leaders as a bulwark against Trump's autocratic rule.  But Professor Stephen H. Legomsky sees it differently. His new book, Reimagining the American Union: The Case for Abolishing State Government (Cambridge University Press 2025) argues that – if we care about democracy – we should imagine an America without state government. No longer a union of arbitrarily constructed states, the country would become a union of one American people. Reimagining the American Union understands state government as the root cause of the gravest threats to American democracy. While some of those threats are baked into the Constitution, the book argues that others are the product of state legislatures abusing their powers through gerrymanders, voter suppression, and other less-publicized manipulations that often target African-Americans and other minority voters. Reimagining the American Union interrogates how having national, state and local legislative bodies, taxation, bureaucracy, and regulation wastes taxpayer money and burdens the citizenry. After assessing the supposed benefits of state government, Professor Legomsky argues for a new, unitary American republic with only national and local governments. Stephen H. Legomsky is the John S. Lehmann University Professor Emeritus at the Washington University School of Law. Professor Legomsky has published scholarly books on immigration and refugee law, courts, and constitutional law. He served in the Obama Administration as Chief Counsel of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and later as Senior Counselor to Secretary of Homeland Security Jeh Johnson. He was a member of President-Elect Biden's transition team, has testified often before Congress, and has worked with state, local, UN, and foreign governments. Mentioned: Cambridge University press is offering a 20% discount here (until October) Susan's NBN interview with Richard Kreitner on Break It Up: Secession, Division, and The Secret History of America's Imperfect Union Jonathan A. Rodden's Why Cities Lose: The Deep Roots of the Urban-Rural Political Divide (Basic Books 2019) Hendrik Hertzberg's review of Robert A. Dahl's How Democratic Is the American Constitution (Yale) Shelby County v. Holder, the Supreme Court case that overturned the Voting Rights Act of 1965's pre-clearance requirement for historically discriminating districts Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week on Breaking Battlegrounds, Congressman Mike Simpson of Idaho joins the show for a wide-ranging conversation that begins with his shocking discovery of the scale of missing and murdered Indigenous women—over 6,000 annually—and how Congress is finally taking action on justice and jurisdictional reform. He also breaks down the future of nuclear power, America's path to energy independence, and the urgent need to end our reliance on hostile nations for critical minerals and pharmaceuticals. Then, Newsweek's Josh Hammer returns to discuss his new book Israel and Civilization, where he argues that Israel—and the Jewish people—are the West's first line of defense against rising global threats. He also tackles the disturbing surge of anti-Semitism on college campuses, exposes the failures of higher education, and calls for revoking tax-exempt status for elite universities like Harvard. Don't miss Kiley's Corner, where she dives into the chilling mystery of 11 dead women found in New England over the last 60 days—is it the work of a serial killer or 11 separate psychopaths? Tune in now!www.breakingbattlegrounds.voteTwitter: www.twitter.com/Breaking_BattleFacebook: www.facebook.com/breakingbattlegroundsInstagram: www.instagram.com/breakingbattlegroundsLinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/company/breakingbattlegroundsTruth Social: https://truthsocial.com/@breakingbattlegroundsShow sponsors:Invest Yrefy - investyrefy.com4Freedom MobileExperience true freedom with 4Freedom Mobile, the exclusive provider offering nationwide coverage on all three major US networks (Verizon, AT&T, and T-Mobile) with just one SIM card. Our service not only connects you but also shields you from data collection by network operators, social media platforms, government agencies, and more.Use code ‘Battleground' to get your first month for $9 and save $10 a month every month after.Learn more at: 4FreedomMobile.comDot VoteWith a .VOTE website, you ensure your political campaign stands out among the competition while simplifying how you reach voters.Learn more at: dotvote.voteAbout our guest:An Idaho native, Mike Simpson was born in Burley and raised in Blackfoot. Mike graduated from Utah State University and earned his DMD from Washington University School of Dental Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. After graduation, Mike joined his father and uncle at the Simpson Family Dental Practice in Blackfoot before serving in the Blackfoot City Council and State Legislature.Mike's political career began in 1980, when he was elected to the Blackfoot City Council. In 1984, he was elected to the Idaho Legislature where he served until 1998, the last six years serving as Speaker. Mike is currently serving his fourteenth term in the House of Representatives for Idaho's Second Congressional District.Mike serves as Chairman of the House Interior and Environment Subcommittee on Appropriations. His position gives him the unique opportunity to fight for Idaho's priorities and ensure Idahoans' hard-earned tax dollars come back to Idaho instead of going to states like New York or California.Mike also serves on the House Energy and Water Development Subcommittee and the Labor, Health and Human Services, Education Subcommittee on Appropriations. The committees Mike serves on have jurisdiction over funding for several agencies and programs critical to Idaho, including the Department of Energy, the Department of the Interior, the Forest Service, the National Parks Service, the National Endowment for the Arts, the Smithsonian Institute, and the Department of Labor.Mike and his wife Kathy have been married for 50 years and have called Idaho home all their lives. The two enjoy spending time with their poodle, Charley, and enjoying Idaho's beautiful scenery.-Josh Hammer is a friend of the show and the senior editor-at-large at Newsweek. He's the host of The Josh Hammer Show and the author of a new book, Israel and Civilization: The Fate of the Jewish Nation and the Destiny of the West, which recently reached as high as No. 3 on all of Amazon. You can follow him on X @josh_hammer. Get full access to Breaking Battlegrounds at breakingbattlegrounds.substack.com/subscribe

The topic of belonging and why it is so crucial to a healthy and high-functioning work environment within academic medicine is explored this week on the Faculty Factory Podcast with our esteemed return guest, Rakhee K. Bhayani, MD. Dr. Bhayani first joined our program in April 2022 for an episode covering career changes/pivots, identifying your purpose, and stepping outside of your comfort zone. You can revisit that discussion here: https://facultyfactory.org/rakhee-bhayani. She serves as Professor of Medicine and is the Vice Chair for Advancing Women's Careers in the Division of General Medicine and Geriatrics in the Department of Medicine at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. "If we come to work and we have to specifically hide a part of who we are, that's mental energy and a tax that we're taking away from the work that we're doing,” she said. We welcome her back with open arms this week for an important and timely conversation on belonging's role in academic medicine and workplace culture. "Our goal is to help others feel comfortable and have that sense of safety, allowing them to bring their whole selves to work. This way, they can focus their energy on their work rather than expending mental energy on censoring parts of themselves to feel valued,” she added. Keep The Conversation Going Are you new to our show? Here are some similar Faculty Factory Podcasts to explore: Building a Sense of Belonging: A Faculty Factory Reunion with Heather Brod Identity Integration and Bringing Our Best Selves to Work with Jennifer Best, MD You can also find the full back catalog of the Faculty Factory Podcast here.  For feedback, questions, comments, and more information on how you can join the Faculty Factory as a guest, please visit our contact us homepage.

Traditional career development frameworks often overlook the importance of well-being. This podcast episode emphasizes why wellness is essential to building a sustainable and fulfilling career. Host Kyle Enfield, MD, FCCM, is joined by Jennifer Duncan, MD, and Raquel Cabral, PhD, CPH, to explore how team members and leaders can integrate personal values, connection, and purpose into career decision-making. Dr. Duncan, director of wellness for graduate medical education (GME), and Dr. Cabral, a staff psychologist for GME, both at Washington University School of Medicine, share insights from their work supporting trainees' personal and professional growth. Together, they explore the nuanced meaning of well-being—not as constant happiness, but as a sense of satisfaction and alignment with a person's values, even amid challenges. The conversation highlights the importance of helping team members identify and live by their personal values as a foundation for career satisfaction. Dr. Cabral distinguishes between goals and values, underscoring that, while goals can be achieved or not, values guide how a person shows up in all aspects of life. She outlines how residents and other early-career professionals can uncover values by reflecting on meaningful or difficult work experiences. These reflections can then guide decisions about clinical rotations, job searches, and leadership opportunities. Dr. Duncan emphasizes how small but intentional adjustments—such as carving out just 20% of one's time for personally meaningful work—can protect against burnout. Both guests discuss the critical role leaders play in supporting well-being, from understanding each team members' values to fostering a strong sense of community. They refer to The Burnout Challenge (Maslach C, Leiter MP. Harvard University Press. 2024), which outlines six workplace drivers of burnout, including mismatches in values. Finally, the episode highlights the work of the Mayo Clinic's Colleagues Meeting to Promote and Sustain Satisfaction (COMPASS) Groups. The COMPASS randomized clinical trial (West CP, et al. Mayo Clin Proc. 2021;96:2606-2614) evaluated a small group established to promote well-being. The group was provided discussion topics without trained facilitators. Protected time was not provided but meal expenses were compensated. This model showed positive outcomes in reducing burnout and strengthening collegial connections. This episode is part of SCCM's Leadership, Empowerment, and Development (LEAD) series and offers actionable insights for anyone invested in building healthier, value-aligned medical careers.

Jeffrey Magee, MD, PhD, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO Recorded on April 3, 2025 Jeffrey Magee, MD, PhD Elizabeth H. and James S. McDonnell III Professor of Pediatrics Director, McDonnell Pediatric Cancer Center Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO In this episode, we sit down with Dr. Jeffrey Magee from the McDonald Pediatric Cancer Center at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis to discuss the evolving landscape of pediatric blood cancers. Reflecting on his work, Dr. Magee shares, “One of the things I really love about the job is that it operates right at the interface between the science and the professional practice of medicine.” He examines groundbreaking advances bringing new hope to children and their families, from novel therapies and CAR T-cell therapy to the crucial role of clinical trials. Dr. Magee also speaks candidly about the challenges of delivering difficult news and shares compassionate strategies for supporting families through their toughest moments. Join us for this insightful and informative conversation on the future of pediatric blood cancer care today!

  Lisa Gitelson - The Fresh Air Fund: Because a Summer Can Last a Lifetime. This is episode 756 of Teaching Learning Leading K12, an audio podcast. Lisa Gitelson is the CEO of The Fresh Air Fund. Each year the nearly 148-year-old nonprofit invites about 3,000 low-income New York City-based children ages 8-18 to spend the summer swimming, rowing, hiking, and stargazing in Fresh Air Fund camps. Throughout Lisa's career in public service, as an attorney and child welfare advocate, she has been dedicated to addressing the needs of underserved youth.  Prior to joining The Fund, she was Assistant Executive Director/Legal Counsel for The New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NYSPCC). She is also an Adjunct Professor at Silberman School of Social Work, Hunter College, CUNY, where she teaches the Policy & Practice of Child Welfare.  As Assistant Executive Director/Legal Counsel for NYSPCC, Lisa identified legislation and other public policy issues that impacted the organization's work and developed an advocacy agenda to move public policy efforts forward.  Previously, she served as Associate Executive Director, Downstate, at the Council of Family and Child Caring Agencies (COFCCA) where she was responsible for bringing private foster care, juvenile justice, residential care and prevention services agencies together to coordinate advocacy efforts for the child welfare and juvenile justice systems. In this role, Lisa represented COFCCA member agencies in discussions with the Administration for Children's Services, the New York City Council and the New York State Office of Children and Family Services.    Prior to COFCCA, Lisa was the Director of Foster Care and Adoption Services at Sheltering Arms Children and Family Services. She began her career as an attorney representing foster care agencies before serving in multiple leadership and supervisory roles at the New York City Administration for Children's Services, Family Court Legal Services. Lisa is a graduate of Colgate University and has a JD from Washington University School of Law. Our focus today is The Fresh Air Fund. Awesome talk! So much to learn! Please share. Before you go... You could help support this podcast by Buying Me A Coffee. Not really buying me something to drink but clicking on the link on my home page at https://stevenmiletto.com for Buy Me a Coffee or by going to this link Buy Me a Coffee. This would allow you to donate to help the show address the costs associated with producing the podcast from upgrading gear to the fees associated with producing the show. That would be cool. Thanks for thinking about it.  Hey, I've got another favor...could you share the podcast with one of your friends, colleagues, and family members? Hmmm? What do you think? Thank you! You are AWESOME! Connect & Learn More: https://freshair.org/ https://x.com/FreshAirFund https://www.instagram.com/thefreshairfund/?hl=en https://www.facebook.com/freshairfund LGitelson@freshair.org Length - 32:10

Morgan had not turned 45 yet, so she hadn't received a screening colonoscopy for colorectal cancer. But when she noticed blood in her stool at age 41, she did exactly what she should have and sought medical evaluation. After months of missteps became years of dismissive care, she realized it was time for a second opinion at Siteman Cancer Center. With the help of WashU Medicine radiation oncologist Hyun Kim, MD, co-director of the Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer Program, Morgan was given a treatment plan that provided the care she needed. In this episode, we discuss her persistence and dedication to getting herself the best care for her young-onset colorectal cancer diagnosis.   “This is Cancer” is brought to you by Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, and produced at Spot Content Studio in St. Louis, MO.   For more information on topics discussed in this episode, go to: https://siteman.wustl.edu/treatment/cancer-types/colorectal/young-onset-colorectal-cancer-program/ https://siteman.wustl.edu/treatment/cancer-types/colorectal/prevention-and-screening/  https://siteman.wustl.edu/doctor/kim-hyun/ https://getscreenednow.com/colon-cancer/ https://getscreenednow.com/insurance/  

In the second edition of a special podcast series, CancerNetwork® spoke with Daniel Morgensztern, MD; Mary Ellen Flanagan, NP; and Janelle Mann, PharmD, BCOP, about the best practices for incorporating recently approved bispecific antibodies into cancer care. This discussion focused on clinical trial results, administration protocols, and adverse effect (AE) management strategies related to the use of tarlatamab-dlle (Imdelltra) for patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Morgensztern is a professor of Medicine and the clinical director of Thoracic Oncology in the Division of Oncology at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. Flanagan is a nurse practitioner in the Division of Thoracic Oncology at Washington University. Mann is a clinical oncology pharmacist at Siteman Cancer Center of Washington University School of Medicine and manager of Clinical Pharmacy Services at Barnes-Jewish Hospital. The conversation opened with Morgensztern highlighting tarlatamab's mechanism of action as an agent that targets DLL3. He then reviewed prior efficacy data that the therapy demonstrated in the phase 1 DeLLphi-300 trial (NCT03319940) and the phase 2 DeLLphi-301 trial (NCT05060016). Of note, the FDA approved tarlatamab as the first available T-cell engager immunotherapy for patients with extensive-stage SCLC who have progressed on prior platinum-containing chemotherapy in May 2024 based on data from the DeLLphi-301 trial. Additionally, Flanagan detailed strategies for monitoring and mitigating the most common AEs associated with tarlatamab in this patient population, which include cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome. Mann then outlined considerations for properly dosing and administering the agent, highlighting factors that clinicians should keep in mind when continuing treatment in an inpatient or outpatient setting. The group also spoke about clinical decision-making related to patients who have brain metastases, which included processes for adjusting the dose of tarlatamab and sequencing the bispecific agent with radiotherapy. Reference FDA grants accelerated approval to tarlatamab-dlle for extensive stage small cell lung cancer. News release. FDA. May 16, 2024. Accessed March 14, 2025. https://tinyurl.com/48k34rw5

Host: Ece Cali Daylan, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Oncology at Washington University School of Medicine Guest: Saadettin Kilickap Guest: Ozden Altundag

In this episode of Admissions Straight Talk, Dr. Beth Piraino, Associate Dean of Admissions at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (UPSOM), explores the school's innovative Three Rivers Curriculum, emphasizing small-group learning, early clinical exposure, and the integration of "Streams" (special interest areas) and Threads" (core competencies like leadership and clinical reasoning). Dr. Piraino also discusses the role of secondary essays in evaluating applicants and explores why teamwork, resilience, and cultural awareness are important in the admissions process. She goes on to  highlight a common mistake applicants make in the application process.Relevant Links:University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Are You Ready to Apply Med School QuizRelated Shows:Inside Geisinger Med School Admissions with Dr. Michelle SchmudeAccepted: Your Guide to CU School of Medicine Get Accepted to Washington University School of MedicineDeep Dive into Duke Medical: An Interview with Dr. Linton YeeGet Accepted to Loyola Stritch Medical SchoolFollow UsYouTubeFacebookLinkedInContact Uswww.accepted.comsupport@accepted.com+1 (310) 815-9553

Black pediatric patients believed to have neurological conditions are falling through the cracks. A new study finds that just half of Black patients completed the necessary genetic tests for diagnosis and treatment. St. Louis Public Radio's Marissanne Lewis-Thompson spoke with Dr. Christina Gurnett, co-author of the Washington University School of Medicine study highlighting the barriers Black families face accessing care.

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Interview with Harry A. Quigley, MD, author of Shedding LiGHT on Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty, and guest Michael A. Kass, MD, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis. Hosted by Neil M. Bressler, MD. Related Content: Shedding LiGHT on Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty

Interview with Harry A. Quigley, MD, author of Shedding LiGHT on Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty, and guest Michael A. Kass, MD, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis. Hosted by Neil M. Bressler, MD. Related Content: Shedding LiGHT on Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty

To celebrate our 50th episode we are honored to welcome Dr. Robert Bucelli on the show. He is a leading expert in neuromuscular neurology and a dedicated advocate for advancing treatments for neuromuscular disorders.  In this episode, Dr. Bucelli shares his wealth of knowledge on neuromuscular neurology, exploring topics such as: What neuromuscular neurology entails and who is affected. The role of genetics in diagnosing and treating neuromuscular disorders. Common symptoms, risk factors, and diagnostic approaches. How therapies like physical and occupational therapy play a role in management. Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, to minimize risk. The latest advancements in research and treatment, including ASO therapy. Strategies for coping with the challenges of living with neuromuscular conditions. Dr. Bucelli has been a practicing neurologist at the ALS Clinic since 2011. He is an Associate Professor of Neurology at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis where he serves as the Site Principal Investigator on several clinical studies relating to ALS.   After graduating summa cum laude from Canisius College in Buffalo, New York with a degree in biology, Dr. Bucelli went on to receive his medical degree and PhD from the State University of New York at Buffalo as part of the Medical Scientist Training Program. He then completed an internship in internal medicine and postgraduate residency in neurology at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and the Washington University School of Medicine, followed by a postgraduate Clinical Fellowship Training Program in the Department of Neurology's Neuromuscular Section, also at Barnes-Jewish and Washington University. He is also a graduate of the Washington University and Barnes-Jewish Hospital Academic Medical Leadership Program for Physicians and Scientists.   Dr. Bucelli is expert in diagnosing and treating neuromuscular disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. He also reads and interprets muscle and nerve biopsies to aid in the diagnostic evaluations of patients seen at Washington University and many additional outside institutions. Dr. Bucelli's clinical expertise guides exemplary multidisciplinary ALS care in the neuromuscular clinic. His skill in delivering drugs to the fluid surrounding the spinal cord has enabled Dr. Bucelli's and Washington University's leadership in trials using to turn off the production of harmful genes that cause ALS.   Dr. Bucelli has received numerous awards for excellence in teaching and clinical work at Washington University. He is a five-time recipient of the Eliasson Award for Teaching Excellence and has authored over 40 peer-reviewed manuscripts. He is a frequently invited guest lecturer and presenter at regional and national conferences.   Stay tuned for the next new episode of “It Happened To Me” in the New Year on January 6th, 2025! In the meantime, you can listen to our previous episodes on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, streaming on the website, or any other podcast player by searching, “It Happened To Me”.    “It Happened To Me” is created and hosted by Cathy Gildenhorn and Beth Glassman. DNA Today's Kira Dineen is our executive producer and marketing lead. Amanda Andreoli is our associate producer. Ashlyn Enokian is our graphic designer.   See what else we are up to on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, YouTube and our website, ItHappenedToMePod.com. Questions/inquiries can be sent to ItHappenedToMePod@gmail.com.   

In this heartfelt episode of The Patient From Hell, host Samira Daswani talks to Jill Massey, a pharmacist and pharma industry veteran whose path through cancer has been both personal and professional. Jill shares her experiences as a caregiver for her sister, mother, and husband—all cancer patients—before becoming a patient herself. They discuss the emotional and practical challenges of navigating caregiving, the complexities of the healthcare system, and how Jill's unique perspective as both a medical professional and a patient shaped her approach to advocacy, treatment decisions, and resilience. Key Highlights: 1. A Personal and Professional Journey: Jill reflects on how her family's battles with cancer shaped her career in the pharmaceutical industry, blending personal empathy with professional expertise. 2. Balancing Roles and Emotions: From sibling to spouse to patient, Jill shares the unique emotional dynamics of each role and the coping mechanisms she developed. 3. Empowerment Through Knowledge: Jill emphasizes the importance of patient education, advocating for personalized care, and the evolving role of pharmaceutical companies in supporting patient-centric care. About our guest: Jill Massey, PharmD, MBA, BCMAS is Vice President, Global Medical Strategy and Operations (GMSO) for Gilead Medical Affairs.  In this role, Jill oversees the Patient-focused Implementation Science team, Medical Strategy and Planning, Insights, Data & Analytics and Digital Innovation, Medical Excellence, Medical Affairs Technology, and Scientific Communications including global publications, medical information, medical external affairs and education, and library and information services.   Jill joined Gilead Sciences from Immunomedics where she led the Medical Affairs, Safety and Pharmacovigilance organizations.  Prior to that, she led Medical Affairs at Janssen, The Medicines Company and Melinta Therapeutics as well as the Melinta Global Antimicrobial Resistance Program. She began her career in the pharmaceutical industry at Bristol-Myers Squibb Company.  Previous to her industry roles, Jill was clinical faculty at the Saint Louis College of Pharmacy, Jewish Hospital and the Program on Aging at Washington University School of Medicine.  Jill is a member of the Board of Directors for the Morris County Chamber of Commerce and serves on the Life Sciences Council Steering Committee.  She is a member of the National Advisory Committee for the Robert A. Winn Diversity in Clinical Trials Award Program, a member of the Accreditation Council of Medical Affairs Executive Leadership Board and a member of the Seton Hall University Transformative Leadership Advisory Board.   Jill earned her Doctor of Pharmacy degree from the University of Nebraska Medical Center and her MBA from Drexel University LeBow College of Business. She completed a residency at Mercer University School of Pharmacy and Emory University. She is Board Certified by ACMA.   Jill loves running, baking and spending time with her two kids, Maddie and Alex, and her loved ones, sometimes including her two dogs and cat. Disclaimer: All content and information provided in connection with Manta Cares is solely intended for informational and educational purposes only.  This content and information is not intended to be a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

Karen Joynt Maddox is an associate professor of medicine at Washington University School of Medicine. Stephen Morrissey, the interviewer, is the Executive Managing Editor of the Journal. S.A. Shashikumar, A.M. Ryan, and K.E. Joynt Maddox. Medicare's New Mandatory Bundled-Payment Program — Are We Ready for TEAM? N Engl J Med 2024;391:2065-2067.

On November 22, the United Nations General Assembly's legal arm, the Sixth Committee, adopted a resolution paving the way for negotiations on a first-ever treaty on preventing and punishing crimes against humanity. The resolution comes after years of impasse and after Russia and a handful of other countries dropped amendments that could have derailed the process at the last-minute. Crimes against humanity are those committed as part of a large-scale attack on civilians and include acts such as murder, rape, imprisonment, enforced disappearances, sexual slavery, torture and deportation. To be considered a crime against humanity, a violation doesn't necessarily have to occur during an active war. And while crimes against humanity are covered by the International Criminal Court, nearly 70 countries are not members of the Court, which creates a gap in fully prosecuting these crimes in countries from Sudan to Syria to Myanmar. What can we expect next as States prepare for negotiations, and how might a future crimes against humanity treaty close the impunity gap?  Joining the show to unpack the developments on the crimes against humanity treaty are Akila Radhakrishnan and Leila Sadat.  Akila is an international human rights lawyer and gender-justice expert, who currently serves as the Strategic Legal Advisor for Gender Justice for the Atlantic Council's Strategic Litigation Project. Leila is the James Carr Professor of International Criminal Law and longtime Director of the Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute at Washington University School of Law. Show Notes: Akila Radhakrishnan (@akila_rad)Leila Nadya Sadat (@leilasadat1)Paras Shah (@pshah518) Just Security's Proposed Crimes Against Humanity Treaty coverageJust Security's International Law coverageJust Security's International Criminal Court coverageMusic: “Broken” by David Bullard from Uppbeat: https://uppbeat.io/t/david-bullard/broken (License code: OSC7K3LCPSGXISVI)

“I went to law school at age 49 at Washington University School of Law, which is an Ivy League-level law school. I graduated with a 4.0, the highest GPA in my class. When people ask me how I did that while doing all this other stuff at the same time, I like to joke and say ‘I cheated.' At Orientation they told us we should spend four hours per class per week preparing for lectures. I spent eight hours preparing. Most people say, that's not cheating. Yes, but nobody does it. If you want to be the smartest person in the room, you have to be the most prepared person in the room. See, there's nothing extra-ordinary about me. I was a below average student in high school. I just start with the conviction that failure is not an option and I cannot be outworked. Then I move on to: ‘I'm going to out prepare everyone.' You see, the harder you work, the luckier you get.” Stephen Nalley is the owner and Managing Partner of Black Briar Advisors, which is a Small Business Administration and Veteran's Affairs Certified-Disabled Service-Connected Veteran-Owned Company. He has owned and operated over 200 hotels across the United States and has managed over $2 billion in Hotel & Resort Assets. He is the author of "Relentless Pursuit," where he describes the secret to success as knowing what you want and having a compelling reason why and the discipline to sacrifice what we want right now for what we really want later.

I'm thrilled today to welcome new friend, Albertina Antognini and old (by which I mean long-time) friend, Susan Appleton. Albertina Antognini is the James E. Rogers Professor of Law at the University of Arizona where she teaches Family Law, Property, Trusts & Estates, and a seminar surveying different legal regimes that shape the contemporary American family. Professor Antognini's work examines the ways that legal rules actively regulate, and in the process define, families. Her research is centrally preoccupied with considering how categories that may appear “natural” are in fact products of law, with the aim of opening them up to a more rigorous critique.Susan Appleton is the Lemma Barkeloo & Phoebe Couzins Professor of Law at Washington University School of Law. She is a nationally known expert in family law and feminist legal theory. Her research, scholarship, and teaching address reproductive justice, parentage, gender, sexualities, and public assistance for families. They join us today to discuss their recent article, Sexual Agreements, published in the Wash. U. Law Review. UVA Law 3L, Laura Habib, co-hosts this episode. Further ReadingAntognini and Appleton, Sexual Agreements, 99 Wash. U. L. Rev. 1807 (2022)Antognini bio https://law.arizona.edu/person/albertina-antogniniAntognini, Nonmarital Contracts, 73 Stan. L. Rev. 67 (2021)Antognini, Nonmarital Coverture, 99 B.U. L. Rev. 2139 (2019)Appleton bio https://law.wustl.edu/faculty-staff-directory/profile/susan-frelich-appleton/Appleton, Sex Positive Feminism's Values in Search of the Law of Pleasure, in The Oxford Handbook of Feminism and Law in the United States (Deborah L. Brake, Martha Chamallas, & Verna Williams eds., 2023).Appleton, Families Under Construction: Parentage, Adoption, and Assisted Reproduction (with D. Kelly Weisberg) (2021).Krawiec bio https://www.law.virginia.edu/faculty/profile/kdk4q/1181653Krawiec, Gametes: Commodification and The Fertility Industry, in Routledge Handbook of Commodification, Routledge, 278–289 (1 ed. 2023).Krawiec, Markets, repugnance, and externalities, Journal of Institutional Economics 1–12 (2022).Krawiec, No Money Allowed, 2022 University of Chicago Legal Forum 221–240 (2022).

In this thought-provoking episode of Parallax, Host, Dr Ankur Kalra engages in an illuminating conversation with Dr Karen Joynt Maddox, a distinguished cardiologist and health policy researcher at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. Together, they navigate the complex intersection of cardiovascular medicine, health economics, and public health policy. Dr Joynt Maddox shares her unique journey into health economics research, offering valuable insights for cardiologists considering this vital career path. The discussion delves deep into the need for enhanced collaboration between clinicians and policymakers, emphasizing how physicians' frontline experiences can inform more effective healthcare policies. In examining the growing presence of private equity in cardiology practices, Dr Joynt Maddox provides nuanced insights into this transformative trend. Through thoughtful analysis, she explores how this financial model shapes healthcare delivery, innovation, and patient outcomes. The conversation extends to broader economic challenges in cardiovascular medicine, particularly the intricate balance between fostering medical innovation and ensuring accessible, affordable care for patients. Drawing from her extensive research experience, Dr Joynt Maddox emphasizes the role of social determinants in cardiovascular health outcomes. The episode concludes with a compelling discussion on integrating public health principles into medical education, offering a vision for a more holistic approach to cardiovascular care.

It can be scary, difficult and complicated, but it doesn't always have to be. … Lung cancer is the No. 1 cause of cancer deaths — not just because of its aggressive nature, but because it's also frequently diagnosed late. But why? Hear from two survivors about their experiences and the importance of screening, which can catch lung cancer earlier, when it's more treatable.    “This is Cancer” is brought to you by Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, and produced at Spot Content Studio in St. Louis, MO.   For more information on topics discussed in this episode, go to: https://siteman.wustl.edu/ https://siteman.wustl.edu/treatment/cancer-types/lung-cancer/ https://siteman.wustl.edu/treatment/cancer-types/lung-cancer/treatments/ https://siteman.wustl.edu/lung-cancer-screening/ https://siteman.wustl.edu/prevention/smoking-cessation-program/ https://siteman.wustl.edu/prevention/ydr/ https://www.smokingpackyears.com/ https://smokefree.gov/ https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/lung-cancer/saved-by-the-scan

Dr. Jonathan (Jony) Kipnis is a BJC Investigator and the Alan A. and Edith L. Wolff Distinguished Professor of Pathology and Immunology at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. He is also Professor of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Neurosurgery and Director of the Brain Immunology and Glia Center there. Jony is a neuroimmunologist. He works at the intersection of the immune system and the nervous system. The brain controls immune system activity, and the immune system affects brain function. The two work together to ensure our survival and well-being. Jony's research is improving our understanding of how they interact when we're healthy and in cases of nervous system damage or disease. When he's not working, Jony loves to read a good book, enjoy a nice glass of wine, cook, and eat delicious food. He particularly has a passion for grilling. He completed his BSc in Biology at Tel Aviv University, and he received his MSc in Neurobiology and PhD in Neuroimmunology from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. Jony worked on the faculty at the University of Virginia for over a decade before joining the faculty at Washington University in St. Louis. He has received numerous awards and honors, including an NIH/NIA MERIT Award, the NIH Director's Pioneer Award, the Harrison Foundation Distinguished Teaching Professorship in Neuroscience, a Gutenberg Research College fellowship from the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, and the Distinguished Research Career Development Award from the University of Virginia. He is also a Member of the National Academy of Medicine. In this interview, Jony shares more about his life and science.

After minor blurred vision prompted Ellen to get an eye exam, she was surprised to learn she had a mass in the middle of her brain near the nerve connected to her left eye. A referral to Siteman quickly led to the diagnosis of a brain tumor. Fortunately, it was noncancerous and had a surgical solution. Washington University neurosurgeon Albert Kim, MD, PhD, director of The Brain Tumor Center at Siteman, explains minimally invasive surgery techniques and other new treatments that speed recovery for benign tumor patients like Ellen and others facing brain cancer.   “This is Cancer” is brought to you by Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, and produced at Spot Content Studio in St. Louis, MO.   For more information on topics discussed in this episode, go to: https://siteman.wustl.edu/thisiscancer/ https://siteman.wustl.edu/ https://siteman.wustl.edu/neuro-oncology/ https://siteman.wustl.edu/treatment/cancer-types/brain-tumor-center/

This episode's Community Champion Sponsor is Ossur. To learn more about their ‘Responsible for Tomorrow' Sustainability Campaign, and how you can get involved: CLICK HERE---Episode Overview: What does it take to transform healthcare from reactive to proactive while making it more accessible and affordable? Our next guest, Dr. Tom Maddox, is pioneering this evolution as Vice President of Digital Products and Innovation at BJC HealthCare and Washington University School of Medicine. With decades of experience as a practicing cardiologist and health services researcher, Tom brings unique insights into healthcare's digital future. While together, Tom shares his passion for leading both the Healthcare Innovation Lab and BJC Digital team, and how he and his team are transforming care delivery through predictive analytics, virtual nursing solutions, and digital patient engagement tools. Join us to explore how Tom is leveraging technology to create personalized, frictionless healthcare experiences while empowering caregivers with modern tools and workflows. Let's go!Episode Highlights:Reframe innovation as "a new idea that when implemented creates value"- focused on solving real healthcare problems, not just creating new technologyDeploy virtual care for clinician-to-clinician support, using experienced virtual nurses to mentor younger staff while managing patient careRevolutionize scheduling by using data analytics to identify and proactively reach out to at-risk patients who need immediate attentionEnhance healthcare workers' capabilities through technology rather than replace them, addressing healthcare's persisting 90% labor ratioTarget healthcare's core challenges by making care more accessible, less reactive, and more affordable through technological innovationAbout our Guest: Dr. Maddox is a senior health system executive overseeing digital health and innovation programs, a practicing cardiologist, a health services researcher, and a national leader in cardiology professional societies.Dr. Maddox is the Vice President, Digital Products and Innovation at BJC HealthCare and Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. In this role, he provides strategic oversight and direction of both the BJC/WUSM Healthcare Innovation Lab and the BJC Digital Products team.The Healthcare Innovation Lab catalyzes care delivery innovation through research and development at BJC HealthCare and its academic partner, Washington University School of Medicine. To date, the Lab has developed innovations in predictive analytics, digital point-of-care tools, and remote patient monitoring. The BJC Digital team is responsible for delivering the digital vision of BJC HealthCare to support its enterprise goal of customer-centricity. The digital team builds and deploys digital products - such as online portals, apps, and wearables – that can help our patients and care teams receive and deliver optimal healthcare experiences and outcomes. Current products enable clinician search, online scheduling, primary care visit preparation, nurse scheduling, and virtual nursing.In his faculty role, Dr. Maddox is a Professor of Medicine (Cardiology) at Washington University School of Medicine. He is a practicing non-invasive cardiologist, a trained epidemiologist, and an accomplished health services researcher. Dr. Maddox is well known for his contributions to digital transformation, healthcare delivery innovation, learning healthcare systems, and health services research in cardiac quality and safety. He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine's Digital Health Action Collaborative and...

Ingrid Skop, M.D., FACOG, is Vice President and Director of Medical Affairs for Charlotte Lozier Institute, leveraging more than 30 years' experience as a practicing obstetrician-gynecologist to support research and policies that respect the dignity of every human life.Dr. Skop received her Bachelor of Science in physiology from Oklahoma State University and her medical doctorate from Washington University School of Medicine. She completed her residency in obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. Dr. Skop is a Fellow of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, where she uses science and statistics to counter pro-abortion agendas, and is a lifetime member of the American Association of Pro-Life Obstetricians and Gynecologists.Prior to joining Charlotte Lozier Institute, Dr. Skop served for over 25 years in private practice in San Antonio, where she delivered more than 5,000 babies and personally cared for many women who had been harmed, physically and emotionally, from complications due to abortion. She has served as board member and medical director for pregnancy resource centers in San Antonio, Austin, and Houston. Dr. Skop's research on maternal mortality, abortion, and women's health has been published in multiple peer-reviewed journals. Additionally, she has provided expert testimony at both the state and federal levels on legislation related to abortion, including standing firm against prominent pro-abortion politicians who choose not to follow the science regarding fetal heartbeat and development.Dr. Skop is married to a physician and is the proud mother of two sons and a daughter. https://lozierinstitute.org/  Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/i-am-refocused-radio--2671113/support.

This week, we're presenting stories from scientists who faced unusually difficult paths to science. We all know it's hard work to become a scientist. But for some folks, even getting to that point where you can pursue your science education can seem like an impossible dream.Part 1: When Evelyn Valdez-Ward discovers that she's undocumented, she fears her dreams of becoming a scientist are over. Part 2: Samuel Achilefu's experiences growing up during the Nigerian Civil War inspire his passion for science. Evelyn Valdez-Ward is an undocumented, Latina, scientist and PhD student at the University of California, Irvine. For her thesis, she studies the impact of California's drought on the ways that plants and their soil microbes (fungi and bacteria in the soil) communicate and interact with one another. In addition to doing research, she's extremely passionate about advocating for undocumented students in STEM. She recently published her story "I'm an undocumented scientist fighting for my Dream" in Science, and was invited to speak at the March for Science rally in DC to advocate for Dreamers in STEM. She has been awarded a UCI's Dynamic Womxn's Award for Outstanding Social Justice Activist, and the Svetlana Bersahdsky Graduate Student Award for her lobbying and advocacy efforts. She plans to continue lobbying and fighting for her undocumented community after graduating, and work in science policy, where she can continue to advocate for both science and minorities in STEM.Originally from Nigeria, Samuel Achilefu is the Michel M. Ter-Pogossian Professor of Radiology at Washington University School of Medicine. He also holds joint appointments as a Professor in Medicine, Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, and Biomedical Engineering and serves as the Chief of the Optical Radiology Laboratory (ORL), Director of the Molecular Imaging Center, Director of the Center for Multiple Myeloma Nanotherapy, and a co-leader of the Oncologic Imaging Program of the Siteman Cancer Center. His lab harnesses the power of light to develop methods for understanding, diagnosing and treating human diseases and is made up of biologists, chemists, engineers, medical scientists and physicists. He enjoys biking, playing tennis, and travelling. Samuel lives with his wife and they have two college-aged children. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoicesSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week, we're presenting stories from scientists who faced unusually difficult paths to science. We all know it's hard work to become a scientist. But for some folks, even getting to that point where you can pursue your science education can seem like an impossible dream. Part 1: When Evelyn Valdez-Ward discovers that she's undocumented, she fears her dreams of becoming a scientist are over.  Part 2: Samuel Achilefu's experiences growing up during the Nigerian Civil War inspire his passion for science.  Evelyn Valdez-Ward is an undocumented, Latina, scientist and PhD student at the University of California, Irvine. For her thesis, she studies the impact of California's drought on the ways that plants and their soil microbes (fungi and bacteria in the soil) communicate and interact with one another. In addition to doing research, she's extremely passionate about advocating for undocumented students in STEM. She recently published her story "I'm an undocumented scientist fighting for my Dream" in Science, and was invited to speak at the March for Science rally in DC to advocate for Dreamers in STEM. She has been awarded a UCI's Dynamic Womxn's Award for Outstanding Social Justice Activist, and the Svetlana Bersahdsky Graduate Student Award for her lobbying and advocacy efforts. She plans to continue lobbying and fighting for her undocumented community after graduating, and work in science policy, where she can continue to advocate for both science and minorities in STEM. Originally from Nigeria, Samuel Achilefu is the Michel M. Ter-Pogossian Professor of Radiology at Washington University School of Medicine. He also holds joint appointments as a Professor in Medicine, Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, and Biomedical Engineering and serves as the Chief of the Optical Radiology Laboratory (ORL), Director of the Molecular Imaging Center, Director of the Center for Multiple Myeloma Nanotherapy, and a co-leader of the Oncologic Imaging Program of the Siteman Cancer Center. His lab harnesses the power of light to develop methods for understanding, diagnosing and treating human diseases and is made up of biologists, chemists, engineers, medical scientists and physicists. He enjoys biking, playing tennis, and travelling. Samuel lives with his wife and they have two college-aged children. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices