Podcasts about explanations

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 472) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 462) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Faith in the American Dream—the idea that anyone who works hard can achieve success—has waned in the 21st century. Decreases in economic mobility, increases in the wealth gap, and other economic shifts have undoubtedly influenced this decline. Politics, however, are an overlooked contributor to confidence, or lack of confidence, in the American Dream. In Debating the American Dream: How Explanations for Inequality Polarize Politics (Russell Sage Foundation, 2025), political scientist Elizabeth Suhay investigates how politics and political identity are intertwined with beliefs about the American Dream and the causes of inequality. Drawing on public opinion surveys spanning more than four decades, Suhay finds that Americans' belief in the American Dream is strongly related to their political party affiliation. Democratic Party leaders have increasingly questioned the fairness of the American economy, and, in effect, have called into question whether the American Dream is “real.” Republican Party leaders, by contrast, have consistently defended the fairness of the economy and the American Dream. While it is true that Americans have become more skeptical of the American Dream overall, Suhay finds this skepticism is concentrated among Democratic members of the public. Despite the increasingly working-class make-up of the Republican coalition, most Republican members of the public continue to believe the American Dream is reality. Suhay finds that both Democrats and Republicans tend to adhere to their party's economic narratives when identifying the causes of inequality between rich and poor, White and Black and Latino Americans, and men and women. Democrats and liberals often attribute inequality between these groups to societal causes, such as lack of access to education and jobs or discrimination. Republicans and conservatives, on the other hand, are more likely to blame individuals and lower income groups for their difficulties. However, Americans' beliefs are less polarized when they consider socioeconomic inequalities rarely debated by politicians. For example, when asking Republicans and Democrats about the roots of rural-urban and White-Asian inequality, there is no clear unequal opportunity-individual responsibility partisan divide. Suhay argues that the availability of partisan “scripts” helps to explain differences in the public's views on inequality between groups that have been politicized. These beliefs appear to bolster support for the two parties' policy agendas among party supporters, driving a wedge between Democrats and Republicans in support for redistributive economic policy as well as the political candidates who support or oppose redistribution. Debating the American Dream provides fascinating insights into politics' role in Americans' beliefs and attitudes concerning inequality. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Faith in the American Dream—the idea that anyone who works hard can achieve success—has waned in the 21st century. Decreases in economic mobility, increases in the wealth gap, and other economic shifts have undoubtedly influenced this decline. Politics, however, are an overlooked contributor to confidence, or lack of confidence, in the American Dream. In Debating the American Dream: How Explanations for Inequality Polarize Politics (Russell Sage Foundation, 2025), political scientist Elizabeth Suhay investigates how politics and political identity are intertwined with beliefs about the American Dream and the causes of inequality. Drawing on public opinion surveys spanning more than four decades, Suhay finds that Americans' belief in the American Dream is strongly related to their political party affiliation. Democratic Party leaders have increasingly questioned the fairness of the American economy, and, in effect, have called into question whether the American Dream is “real.” Republican Party leaders, by contrast, have consistently defended the fairness of the economy and the American Dream. While it is true that Americans have become more skeptical of the American Dream overall, Suhay finds this skepticism is concentrated among Democratic members of the public. Despite the increasingly working-class make-up of the Republican coalition, most Republican members of the public continue to believe the American Dream is reality. Suhay finds that both Democrats and Republicans tend to adhere to their party's economic narratives when identifying the causes of inequality between rich and poor, White and Black and Latino Americans, and men and women. Democrats and liberals often attribute inequality between these groups to societal causes, such as lack of access to education and jobs or discrimination. Republicans and conservatives, on the other hand, are more likely to blame individuals and lower income groups for their difficulties. However, Americans' beliefs are less polarized when they consider socioeconomic inequalities rarely debated by politicians. For example, when asking Republicans and Democrats about the roots of rural-urban and White-Asian inequality, there is no clear unequal opportunity-individual responsibility partisan divide. Suhay argues that the availability of partisan “scripts” helps to explain differences in the public's views on inequality between groups that have been politicized. These beliefs appear to bolster support for the two parties' policy agendas among party supporters, driving a wedge between Democrats and Republicans in support for redistributive economic policy as well as the political candidates who support or oppose redistribution. Debating the American Dream provides fascinating insights into politics' role in Americans' beliefs and attitudes concerning inequality. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-studies

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 452) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Faith in the American Dream—the idea that anyone who works hard can achieve success—has waned in the 21st century. Decreases in economic mobility, increases in the wealth gap, and other economic shifts have undoubtedly influenced this decline. Politics, however, are an overlooked contributor to confidence, or lack of confidence, in the American Dream. In Debating the American Dream: How Explanations for Inequality Polarize Politics (Russell Sage Foundation, 2025), political scientist Elizabeth Suhay investigates how politics and political identity are intertwined with beliefs about the American Dream and the causes of inequality. Drawing on public opinion surveys spanning more than four decades, Suhay finds that Americans' belief in the American Dream is strongly related to their political party affiliation. Democratic Party leaders have increasingly questioned the fairness of the American economy, and, in effect, have called into question whether the American Dream is “real.” Republican Party leaders, by contrast, have consistently defended the fairness of the economy and the American Dream. While it is true that Americans have become more skeptical of the American Dream overall, Suhay finds this skepticism is concentrated among Democratic members of the public. Despite the increasingly working-class make-up of the Republican coalition, most Republican members of the public continue to believe the American Dream is reality. Suhay finds that both Democrats and Republicans tend to adhere to their party's economic narratives when identifying the causes of inequality between rich and poor, White and Black and Latino Americans, and men and women. Democrats and liberals often attribute inequality between these groups to societal causes, such as lack of access to education and jobs or discrimination. Republicans and conservatives, on the other hand, are more likely to blame individuals and lower income groups for their difficulties. However, Americans' beliefs are less polarized when they consider socioeconomic inequalities rarely debated by politicians. For example, when asking Republicans and Democrats about the roots of rural-urban and White-Asian inequality, there is no clear unequal opportunity-individual responsibility partisan divide. Suhay argues that the availability of partisan “scripts” helps to explain differences in the public's views on inequality between groups that have been politicized. These beliefs appear to bolster support for the two parties' policy agendas among party supporters, driving a wedge between Democrats and Republicans in support for redistributive economic policy as well as the political candidates who support or oppose redistribution. Debating the American Dream provides fascinating insights into politics' role in Americans' beliefs and attitudes concerning inequality. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/public-policy

Faith in the American Dream—the idea that anyone who works hard can achieve success—has waned in the 21st century. Decreases in economic mobility, increases in the wealth gap, and other economic shifts have undoubtedly influenced this decline. Politics, however, are an overlooked contributor to confidence, or lack of confidence, in the American Dream. In Debating the American Dream: How Explanations for Inequality Polarize Politics (Russell Sage Foundation, 2025), political scientist Elizabeth Suhay investigates how politics and political identity are intertwined with beliefs about the American Dream and the causes of inequality. Drawing on public opinion surveys spanning more than four decades, Suhay finds that Americans' belief in the American Dream is strongly related to their political party affiliation. Democratic Party leaders have increasingly questioned the fairness of the American economy, and, in effect, have called into question whether the American Dream is “real.” Republican Party leaders, by contrast, have consistently defended the fairness of the economy and the American Dream. While it is true that Americans have become more skeptical of the American Dream overall, Suhay finds this skepticism is concentrated among Democratic members of the public. Despite the increasingly working-class make-up of the Republican coalition, most Republican members of the public continue to believe the American Dream is reality. Suhay finds that both Democrats and Republicans tend to adhere to their party's economic narratives when identifying the causes of inequality between rich and poor, White and Black and Latino Americans, and men and women. Democrats and liberals often attribute inequality between these groups to societal causes, such as lack of access to education and jobs or discrimination. Republicans and conservatives, on the other hand, are more likely to blame individuals and lower income groups for their difficulties. However, Americans' beliefs are less polarized when they consider socioeconomic inequalities rarely debated by politicians. For example, when asking Republicans and Democrats about the roots of rural-urban and White-Asian inequality, there is no clear unequal opportunity-individual responsibility partisan divide. Suhay argues that the availability of partisan “scripts” helps to explain differences in the public's views on inequality between groups that have been politicized. These beliefs appear to bolster support for the two parties' policy agendas among party supporters, driving a wedge between Democrats and Republicans in support for redistributive economic policy as well as the political candidates who support or oppose redistribution. Debating the American Dream provides fascinating insights into politics' role in Americans' beliefs and attitudes concerning inequality. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 442) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 432) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 422) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 412) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 402) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 392) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 382) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 372) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 362) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 352) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 342) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 332) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 322) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 312) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 302) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 292) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Not 1, 2, 3 but more CFP-Notre Dame explanations + Fast 5 by Ed Lane

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 282) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 272) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

→ How can direct instruction impact student learning and growth?→ Where are schools going wrong with technology in the classroom?→ Is it possible for every student to succeed without lowering expectations?Welcome back to another episode of the Teachers on Fire Podcast, airing live on YouTube most Saturday mornings at 8am Pacific, 11am Eastern. My name is Tim Cavey, and my mission here is to warm your heart, spark your thinking, and ignite your professional practice.About Dr. Zach GroshellZach is a highly distinguished teacher, instructional coach, and education consultant. Based in Seattle, he works with schools nationwide and internationally to develop high quality instruction based on the science of how kids learn. Zach is the author of Just Tell Them: The Power of Explanations and Explicit Teaching, and hosts a podcast, Progressively Incorrect.Connect with Zachon LinkedIn, on X @mrzachg,on Substack at mrzachg.substack.com, and at his website, https://educationrickshaw.com/.In This Conversation0:00:00 - Introducing Dr. Zach Groshell, author of Just Tell Them1:23 - The thesis of Just Tell Them3:00 - The opposite of direct instruction5:20 - Using examples and non-examples in instruction8:17 - Zach's take on success criteria10:14 - Teaching to a group of students effectively13:59 - The role of teacher talk in the classroom18:36 - Can all students succeed without lowering expectations?21:13 - What is effective classroom management?24:23 - The value of starting the class on time26:44 - How schools are getting it wrong with technology34:54 - Can AI tools support student learning toward mastery?37:39 - One idea for teachers from the science of learning39:38 - Resources for teachers at educationrickshaw.com42:20 - How and where to connect with Dr. Zach GroshellVisit the home of Teachers on Fire at https://teachersonfire.net/.Song Track Credit: Tropic Fuse by French Fuse - retrieved from the YouTube Audio Library at https://www.youtube.com/audiolibrary/.

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 262) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 252) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

The wig snatching is backSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 242) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 232) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Want to steal my Objection Handling Cheat Sheet? ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Click here. ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Most reps think more talking equals more persuasion. That's backwards. In this episode I explain why long explanations are the poverty signal — and give a simple mechanical framework to shut up, ask better questions, and close more.The focus of this episode is to help you recognize that getting your customer to close is more valuable than spending time trying to build value and rapport with them. You can do these things AFTER they are closed. The sequence to ensuring your success is ->Intro -> Discover Pain Point -> Resolve Pain Point -> Close -> Build more RapportI hope you enjoy.

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 222) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 212) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 202) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 192) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 182) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 172) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 162) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

This is part one of twoThe Real Housewives of Salt Lake City serves up a half-bottle episode at Valter's as the cast confronts Meredith about her airline behavior. As a bonus, we get a refresher on how Crazy Rich Asians concludes. To watch this recap on video, listen to our bonus episodes, and participate in live episode threads, go to Patreon.com/watchwhatcrappens. See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This is part 2 of 2The Real Housewives of Salt Lake City serves up a half-bottle episode at Valter's as the cast confronts Meredith about her airline behavior. As a bonus, we get a refresher on how Crazy Rich Asians concludes. To watch this recap on video, listen to our bonus episodes, and participate in live episode threads, go to Patreon.com/watchwhatcrappens. See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Enjoy another installment of Thinking Out Loud with Zach Groshell. In this episode, Dr. Groshell and I discuss how to begin when providing support to teachers. Both Zach and Gene currently work in schools supporting teachers in their quest to be their best for students.Dr. Zach Groshell is the host of the popular podcast Progressively Incorrect and the author of:Just Tell Them: The Power of Explanations and Explicit TeachingDr. Gene Tavernetti is the author of:Maximizing the Impact of Coaching CyclesTeach Fast: Focused Adaptable Structured Teaching This podcast sponsored by:The Bell Ringer, a weekly newsletter providing news, tools, and resources on the science of learning, written by education reporter Holly Korbey. Subscribe here. Murmuration Author Services by Mark Combes. Looking to write your first book? Murmuration Author Services is your friend and coach for this journey. Learn more here. 

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 152) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Steve says the more that comes out from the FBI and Director Kash Patel about the Butler, Pennsylvania, near-assassination of then-candidate Donald Trump, the more questions arise. Then former Sen. Jim DeMint (R-S.C.) joins the program to talk about his new book, "What the Bible Really Says." In Hour Two, Fake News or Not reacts to a hodgepodge of items Steve authored or reacted to on X. Pop Culture Tuesday explores Steve's disdain for "Wicked." TODAY'S SPONSORS: PREBORN: https://give.preborn.com/preborn/media-partner?sc=IABSD0123RA PATRIOT MOBILE: https://patriotmobile.com/STEVE or call 972-PATRIOT for your FREE MONTH of service TRUST & WILL: Protect what matters most in minutes at https://trustandwill.com/?utm_source=arm&utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=Q32023&utm_content=deace and get 10% off plus free shipping THE SPRINT TO THE FINISH: find on Amazon or https://www.douglasfcobb.com/sprint-to-the-finish Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 142) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

Send us a textIn this episode, you will find the following:1) Reading of Psalm Chapter 132) Explanations of key takeaways3) Summary4) Prayer

In this episode, Brian sits down with prolific Australian author and independent researcher George Mitrovic, whose staggering body of work spans more than 140 published books since 2012. George opens up about his lifelong fascination with mysteries and the unconventional research methods that have shaped his career.From childhood curiosity to a vast personal archive of data, George shares how his passion led him deep into the study of Bigfoot and other unexplained phenomena. He takes listeners inside some of the most compelling Bigfoot sightings in his collection—including lesser-known international reports and the intriguing “Whistling Patty” encounter.Throughout the conversation, George emphasizes the importance of following the evidence, resisting preconceived ideas, and letting data build the foundation of any hypothesis. The discussion expands beyond traditional cryptozoology into the cutting edge of theory, touching on quantum physics, multiverse possibilities, and how these concepts might intersect with the Bigfoot mystery.George also highlights the breadth of his published work, particularly his research on Bigfoot, giants, and global cryptid traditions.Get George's BookGet Our FREE NewsletterGet Brian's Books Leave Us A VoicemailVisit Our WebsiteSupport Our SponsorsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/sasquatch-odyssey--4839697/support.

This week, we break down Occam's Razor as a practical tool for faster, cleaner decision-making. From troubleshooting bugs to interpreting teammate behavior, we explore why starting with the simplest explanation first prevents stalled projects, wasted cycles, and unnecessary team friction.What would happen if your team stopped jumping to complex explanations and started solving problems from the simplest point forward?This week on the Cognition Catalog, we explore Occam's Razor through a lens most teams rarely consider: operational clarity. We all talk about avoiding assumptions, but the truth is that most slowdowns in cross-functional work happen because we add assumptions instead of stripping them away. Occam's Razor gives us a mental model to prevent that.I share a real example of how one missed Friday message spiraled into a completely avoidable narrative—all because I skipped the simplest explanation. But this isn't just about communication. The same thing happens in product reviews, sprint planning, bug triage, data interpretation, and even strategic debates. The more complexity we add early, the harder it becomes to make good decisions.We dig into how starting simple doesn't make you naive, it makes you fast. It helps reduce noise, focus conversations, and unlock the clarity teams need to move forward. If you want a smoother workflow, fewer misunderstandings, and fewer dramatic leaps in logic, give this one a listen.Topics:• 00:00 - Introduction: Overthinking Simple Problems• 00:50 - Welcome to Cognition Catalog• 01:18 - Sponsor Shoutout: Mobbin• 02:03 - A Personal Story of Overcomplication• 02:57 - Understanding Occam's Razor• 04:50 - Applying Occam's Razor in Team Dynamics• 06:51 - Practical Takeaways from Occam's RazorTo explore more about the Naive Cynicism, don't miss the full article @ ⁠cognitioncatalog.com⁠—Thanks for listening! We hope you dug today's episode. If you liked what you heard, be sure to like and subscribe wherever you listen to podcasts! And if you really enjoyed today's episode, why don't you leave a five-star review? Or tell some friends! It will help us out a ton.If you haven't already, sign up for our email list. We won't spam you. Pinky swear.• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Get a FREE audiobook AND support the show⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Support the show on Patreon⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Check out show transcripts⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Check out our website⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe on Apple Podcasts⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe on Spotify⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe on YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe on Stitcher⁠⁠

3. Supply vs. Demand: Economic Shocks, Entitlements, and the Invisible Population Nicholas Eberstadt Book: Men Without Work (Post-Pandemic Edition) Eberstadt explores the competing explanations for the ghost army, contrasting his supply-side argument (men holding back labor/unpreparedness) with demand-side views from critics Henry Olsen and Jared Bernstein. Olsen highlights the role of economic shocks and structural changes, like the 1970s stagflation and deindustrialization (the Rust Belt). The role of entitlements is significant, as over half of NILF men receive at least one benefit, often disability payments like SSDI. Regional differences in labor force participation (e.g., high inactivity in West Virginia adjacent to low inactivity in Maryland) mitigate a purely national demand-side case. The source stresses the lack of data on the estimated 25 million ex-convicts, who are an "invisible population" largely untracked by labor statistics. 1929