Podcasts about Variation

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Wir atmen durch den Mund, ziehen den Bauch ein und pressen die Zunge gegen die Zähne – und wundern uns, warum wir angespannt sind, schlecht schlafen oder ständig Schmerzen haben. Dabei sitzt der wichtigste Regler direkt in uns. Luise Walther ist Coach für Schmerz und Performance und arbeitet neurozentriert: Sie setzt den Scheinwerfer aufs Gehirn und zeigt, wie viel wir über Atmung, Zunge und Wahrnehmung selbst steuern können. In Teil 1 dieser Feelgood-Friday-Reihe wird es sofort praktisch – mit Übungen zum Mitmachen. Wir sprechen darüber, warum Nasenatmung fast immer die bessere Wahl ist, wie die Atmung zur Fernbedienung fürs Nervensystem wird, warum die Zunge das unterschätzteste Körperteil überhaupt ist – und wie du dir mit einem simplen Widerstandsband eine bessere Atmung antrainierst. Du erfährst... … warum Nasenatmung fast immer die bessere Wahl ist … wie du über die Ausatmung gezielt entspannst … wie du über die Einatmung in den Fokus kommst … warum die Zunge über Haltung, Kiefer, Schlaf und deine Kraft mitentscheidet __________________________ ||||| PERSONEN |||||

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Bohan Lou is a partner at Chemistry Ventures, based in SF.https://x.com/loubohanBohan's report on the venture ecosystem in China:https://www.linkedin.com/posts/bohanlou_i-spent-last-month-in-china-meeting-most-ugcPost-7487909585689698304-qepw/Chapter Markers:(01:42) - Venture Capital in China; Bohan's Shanghai Roots (11:15) - Chemistry Fund and China Investing (20:04) - China Trip and Venture Reality Check (32:18) - Pressure Cooker: Founder Exits and Financial Liability (33:50) - Variation in Founder-Friendly investment environment (46:52) - AI Models and Open Source (58:56) - Big Picture and Wrap Up –Steve Hsu is Professor of Theoretical Physics and of Computational Mathematics, Science, and Engineering at Michigan State University. Previously, he was Senior Vice President for Research and Innovation at MSU and Director of the Institute of Theoretical Science at the University of Oregon. Hsu is a startup founder (SuperFocus.ai, SafeWeb, Genomic Prediction, Othram) and advisor to venture capital and other investment firms. He was educated at Caltech and Berkeley, was a Harvard Junior Fellow, and has held faculty positions at Yale, the University of Oregon, and MSU. Please send any questions or suggestions to manifold1podcast@gmail.com or Steve on X @hsu_steve. Announcing this for some friends at Mechanize - a startup that builds environments for training and evaluating frontier LLMs. Its customers include the top AI labs, and it has contributed to the breakthrough in coding capabilities of frontier models. Mechanize is hiring! https://mechanize.work/b/hsu Compensation is extremely competitive. For technical roles, $300-500k. They are also seeking smart generalists. For example: Research Engineer, Alignment: Build evals that test for misaligned model behaviors  $500K salary Puzzle Maker: Design interesting and original puzzles that LLMs can't yet solve  $300K salary Mechanize understands that my readership is highly selected. There is a VERY GOOD CHANCE you will be interviewed if you apply via the link above.

For today's episode, Ivy spoke with Dr David Fisher about his recently published Special Feature titled "Flexible friends: Plastic social buffering of environmental variation", co-edited by Natalie Pilakouta. The Special Feature aimed to explore how organisms plasticly alter their social behaviour in response to environmental variation, how these changes affect fitness, and whether plasticity in social behaviour allows populations to cope with current human-induced rapid environmental change. Read the full Special Feature here: https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/toc/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2656.flexible-friends

Zwiebelkuchen mit Hefeteig kennen alle. Ulla macht eine andere Variation. Von Ulla Scholz.

Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706) was a Christian composer who influenced J.S. Bach. This is Aria #6, Variation 2 from his book Hexachordum Apollinis (1699). He believed that music comes from God and reflects the song of the angels.

Florian Illies bespielt Bestsellerlisten, entfaltet in seinen Büchern Geschichtspanoramen, beobachtet Naturphänomene und lotet Stimmungen und Gefühle aus. Das Etikett Pop-Literat brachte ihm sein Buch "Generation Golf" ein. Es folgten Titel wie "1913. Der Sommer des Jahrhunderts", "Zauber der Stille", das Buch über Caspar David Friedrich. Die Liste ginge weiter und weiter. "Wenn die Sonne untergeht. Familie Mann in Sanary" war sein Bestseller aus dem Jahr 2025. In seinem neuen Buch "Träume aus Feuer. Der Alchimist von der Pfaueninsel" taucht Florian Illies ein ins Barockzeitalter, in die Geheimnisse der Glaskunst, erzählt von Johannes Kunckel, der auf der verwunschenen Pfaueninsel, unweit von Potsdam, rubinrotes Glas zum Leuchten bringt und den Großen Kurfürsten damit begeistert. Über die Faszination der Glaskunst, über eine magisch schöne Insel und auch über die Rezeptur seines Schreibens spricht Florian Illies bei NDR Kultur à la carte mit Claudia Christophersen.(00:00:00) Intro(05:11) Suite für Violoncello solo Nr. 1 G-Dur BWV 1007 - Prélude (1. Satz)(16:07) Nocturnes, op. 9 - Nr. 2 Es-Dur(29:16) Goldberg Variationen, BWV 988 - Variation 14_ Variation 29_ Variation 30(40:06) Suite für Violoncello solo Nr. 6 D-Dur, BWV 1012 - Gigue (6. Satz)(46:57) Walzer op. 69 - Nr. 1 As-Dur (Abschiedswalzer)

What happens when an organization gets so focused on results that it forgets why it exists? Andrew Stotz and Balaji Reddie dig into the first of Deming's 14 Points, constancy of purpose, using stories like Harvard's answer to Deming's challenge to define a business and Indian manufacturers who pivoted to build PPE during the pandemic. This conversation may change how you think about success, profit, and the real aim of a business. TRANSCRIPT 0:00:02.4 Andrew Stotz: My name is Andrew Stotz and I'll be your host as we dive deeper into the teachings of Dr. W. Edwards Deming. Today I'm continuing my discussion with Balaji Reddie, an educator and trainer in the teachings of Dr. Deming and quality management generally. I'm really excited for today's topic, which is the 14 Points. Take it away, Balaji.   0:00:27.5 Balaji Reddie: Thank you. Thank you, Andrew. So the last time we spoke, we had discussed all the four sciences that Dr. Deming put together. In a nutshell, we said his words, appreciation for a system. That means appreciating that there are no events, there are eventualities, and there is a huge myriad or a huge system of myriad components that create these outcomes. So we need to understand that. We need to appreciate the fact that these are all interconnected, interdependent, these components. Right. And we saw some other attributes that when they interact with each other, the cause and effect are not closely related in time or space. Seemingly disconnected events then turn out to be connected. There exist synergistic relationships. So you can't just straightaway say, "I know." You can say, "From what I understand or what knowledge I have right now about the system, I think."   0:01:34.7 Balaji Reddie: And you always dig deeper. Right. And that gave us the next thing, that the performance of any system, the outcomes are subject to Variation. You will never get the same outcome every single time. It keeps on fluctuating. And then we realize there is a difference between normal and abnormal fluctuations. The typical term that Walter Shewhart said was Variation, and Deming took that forward. He said, "Understand Variation." I would say learn how to think statistically. Right? And statistical thinking is about knowing when to act and when to leave a process alone. Okay. So we said understand the Variation, and you should know when to... There's that normal fluctuation, you would need to work on it continually. But abnormal fluctuation is a little easier to understand, isolate, and take immediate action. So the low-hanging fruit comes from the abnormal fluctuation, what he called as special causes or assignable causes, as Walter Shewhart said.   0:02:41.0 Balaji Reddie: And once you work on them, then your long-term work on the process continues. That never stops because it helps you understand the process much, much better. Right? But there you are faced with the dilemma sometimes. There's so many complications there, and you just need to understand them if you want to know completely what happens in a system. And that's why he said the complete knowledge is never... Is unknown and unknowable. But he said there's a way of doing that, and that's where the Theory of Knowledge came in. We needed to understand that we build upon what we have right now. We start asking questions, and you begin with theories. "I think, I believe." And once you start doing that, you start unraveling the mysteries of the system under study. And last bit here is all this, of course, he was speaking about man-made systems, organizational systems, which all this work is being done by people.   0:03:38.0 Balaji Reddie: And he said that's where the best part comes in. You can never do things all by yourself. You need to cooperate with others. Each one comes with their own theories, and each one has their own system of learning, their own way of thinking. So we need to understand that, whether you are employees inside a company, whether you are people outside the company contributing in the sense of suppliers, or people who are recipients of this in terms of consumers. So everyone, you need to understand people, that they're a part of this entire system. And that's where Psychology comes in. Of course, I used the word empathy. I said understanding them and on. And on a lighter note, I ended by saying that if you really want to sharpen your empathetic skills, you need to either understand your pet or a baby, because these are people who can't express what they want and you just have to have your own theories and then understand them better.   0:04:34.9 Balaji Reddie: But that's what we saw last time. Now we're gonna get to, funnily, what he espoused as his philosophy [chuckle] when he first presented it in the United States in a structured form, right? These were the 14 Points. Now, first of all, the 14 Points are not his philosophy, but they're 14 consequences of his philosophy. You can never really set out to say, "I'm gonna do these 14 Points." But when you start, how do I say, asking the right questions and want to gain Profound Knowledge of what's happening and start looking at things differently and start asking questions, the right kind of questions, just like I said, "What is the purpose of the system? What are the components? How are they connected? How do they work? What is happening right now? Does this normally happen? Is this abnormal?" And then, of course, what are better ways of explaining or expressing what I'm seeing right now?   0:05:43.9 Balaji Reddie: And then finally, taking help from everybody else and bringing their thought processes. When you start asking these questions and start structuring and understanding the organization much better, you eventually see the 14 Points. So they are consequences of his philosophy. They are not his philosophy. You end up with the 14 Points, you don't start with them. Right? Having said that, does that mean we just go through this and be done with it? I said, "No." Now let's understand how he structured these and why he structured it the way he did. Now, they are in no order of preference. In fact, I remember speaking to Bill Bellows about this, and he said when he asked Deming, "Which of the 14 Points are the most important ones? Where do I start?" and he said, "All of them." He said, "Where do I start?" "Start anywhere," he said. You could start anywhere, eventually they're all connected.   0:06:40.7 Balaji Reddie: So the 14 Points are a system themselves. They are all connected to each other. You could start anywhere and you end up with the 14 Points in any case. But since we have to follow a kind of the sequence in which he wrote them, which he presented them, I'm following that sequence to begin with. Now, I'm gonna start with the 1986 edition of the 14 Points, which are there in his book, Out of the Crisis. But in 1990, he updated the wordings of the 14 Points. So I shall pull up my document right here so that I can read out the 1990 edition. Just give me a minute.   0:07:36.0 Andrew Stotz: Just for the audience, go out there and get yours in your hand. Get ready. I'm just going through and getting mine ready.   0:07:42.8 Balaji Reddie: Yes, so. Okay, so here it goes. Let's get to the 14 Points. So here we are. Right. And in what I normally say here, that he often said too, that when you apply Profound Knowledge, the 14 Points help you apply this in the most structured manner. So here we go. So the first is the 1986 edition, point number one, where he says, "Create constancy of purpose toward improvement of product and service with the aim to become competitive and to stay in business and to provide jobs." I think this is an amazing set of words which he's brought here, especially saying to provide jobs, where he said that quality is a ways and means of really contributing to society and not sucking the worst 10%, but adding something more to it to provide more jobs. Now in the 1990 edition, right, now the commentary for this, if you read Out of the Crisis, I've taken an excerpt from there, "Management must demonstrate unshakable commitment to quality, productivity and continual improvement.   0:09:09.8 Balaji Reddie: Your customers, your suppliers, your employees need your statement of constancy of purpose, your intention to stay in business by providing product and service that will help man to live better and which will have a market." So this was his definition of quality. A product or a service possesses quality if it helps someone live better in every way and enjoys a large and sustainable market. So for him, quality had two aspects. One, it must make someone's life better. Whatever you do, whether it's a product or a service, service being an activity. Right. So it should add value to the customer's life. It should make that person's life better. But it should be at a price the customer is willing to pay. Right? So that's the way he looked at it.   0:09:55.2 Balaji Reddie: Now, he changed this in 1990 to this, "Create and publish to all concerned a statement of the aims and purposes of the company or other organization. Management must demonstrate constantly their commitment to this statement." Now he says to publish the statement. And he says not just purpose, but aim. So aim, I think this came from his definition of a system, where he says that a system must have an aim. Without an aim, there is no system. So the aim provides a direction and purpose provides the reason why the system exists. So they go hand in hand. You can't separate these two. But now the commentary for this is, "A system must create something of value, in other words, results. The intended results, along with consideration of recipients and of cost, mold the aim of the system. It is thus management's task to determine those aims, to manage the whole organization towards accomplishment of those aims.   0:11:07.1 Balaji Reddie: It is important that an aim never be defined in terms of a specific activity or method. It must always relate to a better life for everyone. The aim precedes the organizational system and those that work in it." So...   0:11:23.4 Andrew Stotz: What was that part? "It's important that it's not" what?   0:11:27.2 Balaji Reddie: Yeah, that it's not an activity or a product. It should be something broader than that. It's about adding value to someone's life. Now, you can't go into the other extreme and come up with a motherhood statement like "I want to boil the ocean" or "I want to solve the world's poverty problems," alright? But it must translate into something doable, alright? And it should tell where the organization is heading. But the key word here is "publish it," right? And he says, "and other organization," that means "of the company or other organization." So I believe he started envisioning that in the future it's not gonna be one company, but a family of companies working together, which very simply today we use the term "supply chain" to express that. And I think, I think I mentioned this before in one of my earlier chats that I don't like that term because. It falls woefully short to explain what actually is happening there.   0:12:29.2 Balaji Reddie: I like to use the word provider network. Right? It's a network. It's not just a chain. Chain is more linear. Network is more lateral, all over the place. And these are not just suppliers. These are providers. So, right, he talked about a supply chain in those days. And he also says publishing, that means it should exist in some hard form, right, so that people see it, read it. Okay. Now this kind of, I thought was quite amazing because if you know about, for those who are into ISO 9000, the standard, of course, the latest one which is coming out this year, I'm not well-versed with what they've written or what they've changed in it, but up until 2015, the ISO insisted that companies have a documented statement of their policies, right, a quality policy and objectives. It should be written down. So to say that they could have got this idea from here is not fair, but I guess that you can see the parallel in what he was saying.   0:13:44.8 Balaji Reddie: So publishing. Now, in 2007, this is what I wrote after talking to many, like I said, who attended or helped Dr. Deming in his seminars till the day he passed on, right? And they said, of course, because I was quite intrigued, initially his four-day seminar had a perfect structure and everyone knows who attended that on the second day after lunch you had the red beads experiment. So that never changed even after Profound Knowledge came in. So anyway, coming back to what I was just saying, so initially he spoke a lot about the 14 Points, but after he professed Profound Knowledge, the stress on the 14 Points came down, but it did not disappear altogether. And this I heard from many of those and I asked what he would speak of. So based on that, I just came up with these words. The words are all Dr. Deming's, I've just edited and put it together.   0:14:50.1 Balaji Reddie: So create a statement of the aim and purpose of the organizational system. It must bring out the long-term vision of the organization, preferably stating how it intends to stay in business by making life better for all those impacted in any way. So there could be a direct or an indirect impact. Stakeholders is the term we use right now, right? So purpose describes why you exist. And if you go deeper to find out why a company exists, it has to last beyond the founding father's vision, right? So the statement of purpose must be very clear. Like Walt Disney, we spoke about this, he said, "I'll do anything to make a child smile." That was his purpose, and that's how everything stemmed from that, right? So if you start looking deep, why are we here? Why do we exist?   0:15:46.3 Balaji Reddie: Then once the company starts growing, you don't forget why you set up the company in the first place. You go back to your roots and the statement of purpose is like a North Star. It reminds you of where you're supposed to be, where you started, what you had in mind, right? So it's not that companies don't have it, but we need to revisit it from time to time. And sometimes you need to, it may undergo a change because things don't remain the same, right? Systems keep changing and if everything keeps changing, then you have to revisit the purpose. You don't do it every day though, because it's something that you spoke about and you say that it took me time to come out with this statement of purpose. So I was trying to understand even Apple's statement of purpose where Steve Jobs said making technology accessible, making technology simple, making technology productive is what we are supposed to do here as a company. Right.   0:16:46.4 Balaji Reddie: So he always believed in simplicity. He believed in seeing that people are more productive with the work, the software, or the products that they offer. Right. And it should be something that at times goes beyond just what the customer expects so that that one part is always there. So that's point number one, the statement of purpose.   0:17:11.3 Andrew Stotz: Can I ask a couple questions about that?   0:17:14.2 Balaji Reddie: Yeah, sure, sure, sure.   0:17:15.3 Andrew Stotz: Before we go on, I'm assuming you're gonna go on to number two.   0:17:18.4 Balaji Reddie: Yes.   0:17:20.5 Andrew Stotz: So a couple of things. First thing is about aim. You know that statement, "the purpose of a system is what it does," meaning that ultimately every system, there's an aim. It just may not be the aim that you think it is or that you want it to be. So part of this idea is recognizing that we have to state the aim or else people just, they're gonna just do things the way they've done them. Am I correct in saying that?   0:17:51.2 Balaji Reddie: Yeah. And it brings clarity to whatever you are doing. You start realizing, okay, I thought that we were actually doing this when we should be doing something else. For example, in Out of the Crisis, he gives that example of that trucking company. And he said when that gentleman took Dr. Deming's four-day seminar and then went back to his company and asked his employees, "What business do you think we are in?" Because that's what he used to ask, "What business are you in?" He used to ask that question, right, to the audience. "Any CEOs here? What business are you in? What business do you need to be in? What are you gonna be doing five years from now, ten years from now?" Right. So these are questions which I think you need to look at. If you want a list of questions, then in Out of the Crisis, there is a chapter on just the questions. Right.   0:18:57.0 Balaji Reddie: And that's, if I believe, let me just check. It comes after chapter seven. Is that where it comes in? No, I think... Yeah. Diseases and Obstacles. Okay. It's chapter five, "Questions to Help Managers." So you can find a host of questions there. These are rhetorical questions, most of them, telling you to focus on the job you have on hand. Right. And helps you define your purpose and your aim, both. And it gives clarity. Like I said, sometimes it gives clarity to yourself. What exactly am I doing here? All right. You always begin by saying that. I mean, if you ask people who set up businesses, they'll start by saying, "I did this because I was good at it," and the money came, but "I was good at doing this." And why did you do that? What do you mean by good? "Well, when I did this, I saw people feel happy." Right. And that's why I wanted to do this.   0:20:06.8 Balaji Reddie: And I thought this is the best way for me to earn my money, but the purpose was mainly to make them happy. Right. And then the money came. So that should be the focus. I think I mentioned this once when 1983 was when Harvard Business School was celebrating 75 years of existence. And everyone knew at that time, because Deming had just been rediscovered in America, and he was hot property. But everyone knew his ideas about Harvard. [chuckle] He was scathing. He said they prepared managers for the past and not for the future, and blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. He was very angry. But when they sent him a letter saying that we are making a souvenir of sorts, so can you pen a few words for us? So he was quite lavish in his comments and in his praise. He said, "It's not easy to run a business school and y'all have done it for 75 years. So all credit to you." But he said, "I have just one question for you.   0:21:18.7 Balaji Reddie: In these last two, three years that I have come back into American industry, I see with pain that many people do not understand the purpose of their business. And I see that Harvard has not defined the purpose of a business. Could you define the purpose of a business?" And Harvard came out with an answer which went, "The purpose of a business is to create value at a profit." So the sequence of the words is so beautiful. Create value at a profit. Right? And for a business, you need both. If you're only creating value and no profits, that's not a business. That's social service. And if you only want profits but no value, then that's not a business either. Then you might as well go loot a bank, get 100% profit and no value. And I remember Myron Tribus writing about this at the Kobe shipyard in Japan, right? And this was before Deming landed there, apparently, because there was someone sitting at Kobe who later on had taken Deming's lectures on statistical quality.   0:22:39.4 Balaji Reddie: And then of course, the leadership thing, right, where Deming spoke about the flow diagram. And he said that, he said the light bulb went on because they had a statement there at the Kobe shipyard, "We shall make good ships. At a profit if we can, at a loss if we must, but we shall make good ships." And later on, apparently some American gentlemen came to take over and they changed that and they said, "No, no, no, remove all that profit and loss and just say, 'We shall make good ships.' That's it." So there were times when things started going wrong, right? They went in the wrong direction because they were not looking at it in the clear manner. When they had problems, they said, "No, just make the ship. Just ship it out. It's good." And things went wrong. So they had to reassess and come back. So that was the kind of the idea that we're looking at, the aim and the purpose, and that could change. Right?   0:23:45.6 Andrew Stotz: And I want to add for the listeners out there, in the world of finance, profit is, we also call it cash flow. The cash flow is the numerator in the calculation of value. The denominator is risk. So when we think about what's the objective of a person running a business, it's to maximize value, which many people think means maximize profit, which it does not. It means maximize risk-adjusted profit. So, for instance, if you were breaking the law and doing bad things or mistreating your people ultimately you're raising the risk. Though your cash flow or your profit may be strong, you're raising the risk of that profit or cash flow. And so that's a distinction I like to help people understand, because there are people that just think that the objective of business is maximize profit. No, it's to maximize value. And mathematically we can prove that in the world of finance.   0:24:57.2 Balaji Reddie: Yeah. So I'd just like to paraphrase, when I said that what Harvard said is purpose of a business is to create value at a profit, I'd just like to add something more to that. Create value at a profit in the most ethical way, right? We have to be very ethical about it, because if you're doing wrong things to get your profits and add value, it won't last long. You won't last long as a company. It'll always catch up to you.   0:25:27.4 Andrew Stotz: And I use the word sustainably. That's a kind of a nonsense word these days because everybody talks about sustainability and all.   0:25:34.5 Balaji Reddie: Yeah, they talk in terms about, in a very different context.   0:25:37.8 Andrew Stotz: But the point is, is that are we generating profit in a sustainable fashion? Now the other, I had one more question on this one, and that is if we go back to the words, he talked about the create constancy of purpose for improvement of product and services. And my question to you is, when he talks about aim, sometimes people can get confused, including myself sometimes. And for instance, Clifford Norman and David Williams have been on the show talking about their book Quality as an Organizational Strategy. And so as I've looked at his teachings over time, I've had a question in my mind of is what he's saying that the aim is to improve the business through this focus on quality? In other words, quality is the aim? Or is the aim whatever a company says, "We want to do this, our aim is that"? I'm just curious how you understand those things.   0:26:52.8 Balaji Reddie: I would say quality, but his definition of quality, right? Help someone live better and there must be a market, right? And it must be sold at the right price. So he's been practical, if you look at it. He says that if what you're doing is not making anybody's lives better, then why do it at all? Right? So you need to... You need to look at it from his viewpoint of quality, if I may put it that way. Not that narrow focus on quality of product in terms of free from deficiencies, [chuckle]   0:27:28.9 Andrew Stotz: Yeah.   0:27:30.1 Balaji Reddie: But in a very broad sense what he thought quality is. And also, I found something on the internet, so I'd like to again add that in, that the entire thing is his whole thing is to have happier people. Happy customers... And he doesn't say satisfied, he says happy. So happy customers, happy employees, happy suppliers, society being happy, and the owners. Okay. So what the Japanese interpreted this as, which they call as total quality, is owners, employees, customers, suppliers, and society. When all five are simultaneously satisfied, we call it as total quality. Whereas if you look at it from Deming's point of view, when all five are happy simultaneously, then you attained constancy of purpose. And the longer you can do it, the better it is. So that's his constancy. So the aim and the purpose should be about that. It should be about happier people at work, happier people in the market, consumers, customers, the suppliers, because they should feel a sense of pride...   0:28:56.9 Balaji Reddie: That they're learning something from this company, that growth is happening. Society should feel that this company not only serves their targeted audience, but does not cause harm or is also adding some kind of oblique value to all of us here. We all feel happy interacting with these people in some form or the other. Not necessarily being philanthropic or something, but in a very different sense. We're not getting harmed by these guys. So that, I think, in the broadest sense is what Deming was trying to say to run a company based on constancy of purpose.   0:29:35.4 Andrew Stotz: And the reason why I'm asking is because one of the lessons I've learned just in life in general, certainly from the teachings of Dr. Deming, but just in general, is that if you pick a particular thing or area and you decide that I'm gonna improve this and I'm gonna keep working on improving this, you're gonna end up with something incredible that nobody else has as long as you stick with it. And so that's where this idea of, and if you know what quality means, which is the five groups and things being happy, more jobs, create opportunity, all of that, once you understand that, then quality is driving toward that better outcome. I guess what I'm also thinking about is could a person who's never heard of Dr. Deming just say, "That's my aim right there. I'm gonna take it straight out of what he said, constancy of purpose in relation to improving the product and service with the understanding [chuckle] that that improvement means that." That's it. It's not the aim of "We want to provide transportation vehicles" or something like that. That's more of kind of a corporate communication or. That's where I really want to hear your thoughts on that.   0:30:53.3 Balaji Reddie: Yeah. So when you say that "I want to do this through this product that I am giving," and right now my understanding is that this is the best way to do it, but as the world evolves, obviously there could be many different other ways of doing it and I need to keep revisiting this. As long as my purpose is perfect, I know I'll be able to adapt and adopt very quickly. Right. Otherwise you'll be left behind. What exactly am I here for? Many of the people set up businesses, ancillary units here in my hometown, Pune. They set up, they were basically employees in the parent company and then they saw an opportunity. They saw they were good at this. "I can make this better." So they set up the company to serve the parent company, not realizing that suddenly there could be somebody else coming in. Right. And they were preferred because they understood what the parent company wanted.   0:31:53.5 Balaji Reddie: But if they had just set up by saying, "No, why am I setting up this business? Because I see an opportunity. I can do this well." Okay, then can I do anything else well? What else can I? Why just this product? Why not any other product? Right? I think during the pandemic, many of the manufacturing companies realized that. They said, "We are very good at assembly, so why don't we start assembling PPE kits?" here in India, because PPE kits used to be imported. And I know this firsthand. My student was working in one such logistical company and he said we were importing. 300,000 PPE kits per annum. That was the requirement.   0:32:38.8 Andrew Stotz: What's PPE?   0:32:40.2 Balaji Reddie: Personal protection equipment, which you have to wear, the doctors, et cetera, the health workers during the pandemic. They had to wear that and serve, because we didn't know what was happening. So instead of just masks, just protect themselves completely. In labs, doctors, nurses, they all wore that. Right. So this personal protection equipment, we were importing 300,000 such kits per annum from, I think somewhere in Belgium. And because that was the requirement, but during the pandemic, the requirement went up. And so many of the companies, automotive manufacturing companies, decided that, let's get into this because we know how to do these things, right? We know how to assemble. And within a matter of 45 to 50 days, they built capacity. And imagine this, we were consuming, I am not joking, at the rate of 200,000 kits per day.   0:33:39.4 Andrew Stotz: Yeah. Then you can become a global supplier.   0:33:46.5 Balaji Reddie: And so they had to. But now, see, they did it for that much time because they said, our core business is something else, but we understood our purpose, so let's contribute in a very different way. The other one which they did was many of the manufacturing companies started assembling ventilators. And some of them which were running without electricity, they ran on a mechanical device so that the need for power, et cetera, et cetera, be superfluous. So when you know your purpose, then you can always adapt and adopt very quickly. And I think the pandemic gave us that opportunity to see how many of the companies responded in a very positive sense. In one way to look at it is, "Oh my God, this is it, this is my fate, and we're gonna shut down, we have nothing to do." But the other way is, "No, wait, why are we here? And let's use our expertise in a very different sense. So let's get to action."   0:34:41.3 Andrew Stotz: Interesting. I feel like we can spend a whole episode talking just about one of the 14 Points.   0:34:46.9 Balaji Reddie: That's why I said two episodes for the 14 Points. [laughter] If you don't mind, three also. Because many of the points have been either not discussed in detail or misinterpreted. And there have been changes. Deming himself brought a change in the wordings. That's why I wanted to keep this section, this session separate.   0:35:07.9 Andrew Stotz: Okay.   0:35:12.5 Balaji Reddie: Now you can see why, because I was just setting the scene for the 14 Points. If you want to ask me, it's all profound, very, very profound. [chuckle]   0:35:16.9 Andrew Stotz: Yeah, and I have a lot of questions, so that's good. I've got some clarity now for point one. I think the listeners and the viewers will also get some of that clarity, so that's great.   0:35:26.4 Balaji Reddie: Thank you. And I have been, I still, I just scratch my head about many of the things that he said. Because if people are reading Out of the Crisis, oh my God, you gotta read the text for point one. It's brilliant. I mean, I can't just, you can't just read it out right now. [chuckle] It'll take three episodes just to. But just, many people just say he did give us a method. I think I told you this two episodes ago. He was very clear. We didn't see it. We didn't see it. And he's so clear about what he wanted in innovation. That, of course, I thought that there was a slight difference, I think we spoke about this, invention and innovation. So invention is something new and innovate is to use something differently. Right. So that innovation, I think he confused the two terms, if I may say so. Too brave to make a statement like that. But anyway, he says here that you have to keep improving, innovating, and this obligation never ceases.   0:36:36.6 Balaji Reddie: It's that very clear. And if you see here, there's one, there's a paragraph here, he says, "It's a mistake to suppose that efficient production of product and service can, with certainty, keep an organization solvent and ahead of its competition. It is possible and, in fact, fairly easy for an organization to go downhill and out of business making the wrong product or offering the wrong type of service, even though everyone in the organization performs with devotion, employing statistical methods and every other aid that can boost efficiency." So I think he was highlighting the limitation of the statistical methods, that 97% versus 3% thing, that we are only trying to improve this, but the whole thing comes from the top, that are you providing the right product? I mean, you can't set up a company today making the best typewriters in the world. [chuckle]   0:37:35.4 Andrew Stotz: That's true.   0:37:41.5 Balaji Reddie: So he keeps saying this again and again, that you should publish a resolution that no one will lose his job for contribution to quality and productivity. So I think what we're coming to the end of this session today, we just discussed point one. [laughter] That's the best part. I heard from Henry Neave once that they all formed a kind of a team. Henry had come down to America and they started, they decided to meet Myron Tribus and just about everyone, Nida Backaitis, Barbara Lawton, the gang, and they were so happy to, the stars, right? Gipsie Ranney, I forget the other names, but they were all together and then they decided, let's discuss the 14 Points. And then point one, and it went on beyond lunchtime. They started in the morning. [laughter]   0:38:36.6 Andrew Stotz: That's great.   0:38:46.1 Balaji Reddie: It seems Dr. Deming was so happy. He was just sitting back and just listening and listening and listening. Then they met again the following day and the next day, and then they only came to point number four. And then finally, Brian Joiner, I think, said, "I think we're wasting too much time here. Let's just stop this." And it seems Deming was so upset because he said that Brian Joiner said, "Let's give ourselves 45 minutes for this point and that's it." [laughter]Deming said, "Don't set a target." [laughter]   0:39:22.9 Andrew Stotz: That reminds me of Bill Scherkenbach showing a picture of Deming at the, I don't know, National Education Committee meeting. And he said that they met all day or for two days and they still couldn't come up with the aim of what education, the aim of education in America was at the time. So, yeah.   0:39:42.9 Balaji Reddie: Yeah, I had this problem. It happened at a seminar here in Pune. It was Education for the Future or something like that, Engineering Education: The Next Five Years, blah, blah, blah, I don't know what it was. And there was this one gentleman making a presentation from a school in a city called Bangalore in India. And his topic was Six Sigma in education. And when he came to present, he started by saying, "Six Sigma is 3.4 errors in a million." And I said, "Oh, no." Anyway, then he went on to say, "Okay, so we decided our 10th, grade 10 is a public exam in India. It's a very big deal for a child to sit for that exam, right?" And he said that, "We want to have flawless results. And we've had flawless results for the last eight years. We have so many students, so many, so many students every year, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah." And so if you multiply and all that, and then, "So how do we get this?" Now here came the best part. He said, "In grade nine, all..."   0:40:48.9 Balaji Reddie: All those who had failed or had not reached a certain grade, we threw them out. And so we had flawless results. And I could see people squirming in their chairs because they were all sitting in the audience were teachers. They were squirming in their chairs and then one guy could take it no more. He put his hand up. And I was chairing that session, by the way. You can imagine what was happening to me. Anyway, this gentleman put his hands up and he says, "How can you say that? How can you say that?" He was very agitated. And I could realize, I just stood up and I said, "Okay, Professor so-and-so, please sit down. I get your, I get your sentiment, but we need to do this differently." So I turned to this... And he was a principal, this gentleman... I said, "What is the aim and the purpose of an educational institution?" And this man said, "Results."   0:41:42.4 Andrew Stotz: Yeah.   0:41:45.8 Balaji Reddie: Then I said, "Let's throw this question open to everyone." And I said, "Let's stop." I asked the people organizing the seminar that could we take a small detour here? Let's just stop. Let's not stick to your timetable because I know you're here on a leash. So they said, with permission from the chair and the host college... They were sitting there, the main people... They said, "No, we want this question answered now. What is the purpose of an educational institution?" And there was a lot of goading. I was bringing in Profound Knowledge and I was throwing up questions. And finally we came to the conclusion that the aim of any educational institution is to create a well-rounded individual that contributes positively to society.   0:43:33.9 Andrew Stotz: All right, so on behalf of everyone listening, I want to thank you again for the discussion. And for listeners, remember to go to deming.org and jump into DemingNext to continue your journey. This is your host, Andrew Stotz, and I'll leave you with one of my favorite quotes from Dr. Deming, and that is, "People are entitled to joy in work." As we're talking about how do we build that for the future.

UNITED SOUNDS at Beaverworks, Leeds Saturday 5th September 6pm-2am 3 ROOMS. 1 NIGHT. MULTI GENRE EVENT!

Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706) was a Christian composer who influenced J.S. Bach. This is Aria #6, Variation 1 from his book Hexachordum Apollinis (1699). He believed that music comes from God and reflects the song of the angels.

Vad händer när veterinären plockar fram något din hund aldrig har sett förut?Vi kan inte förbereda hunden för exakt varje klotång, bomullstuss, hand, plats eller situation den kommer möta.Men vi kan träna på att nytt inte behöver vara en big deal.Variation är inte samma sak som att göra träningen svårare. Det är något vi kan träna på i sig.Det här är avsnitt fyra av sju i serien om hanteringsträning. Små riktmärken att nåla fast på din mentala anslagstavla och plocka fram när verktyget, platsen eller situationen plötsligt inte ser ut som den brukar.I avsnittet får du med digvarför variation inte är exakt samma sak som svårighetsökningfördelen med att göra “nytt” till en del av träningenhur variation hjälper hunden att fungera i fler situationerFördjupa din kunskapFungerar hanteringen fint så länge allt ser exakt likadant ut?I självstudiekursen Frivillig Hantering Masterclass får du hjälp att bygga hantering som håller bättre även när livet bjuder på nya prylar, platser och situationer.Kursen ingår utan extra kostnad för dig som är medlem i **Braver Dogs Målcirkel.**Är dörrarna till Braver Dogs Målcirkel stängda kan du ställa dig på vår väntelista, så mejlar vi nästa gång vi öppnar dörrarna.Mer Braver DogsBraver Dogs NyhetsbrevInstagramFacebookTiktokGratis guider att ladda ner

Pairing clitoral stimulation with penetrative sex is often the route for more pleasure and orgasms for women. In this episode, learn about a technique called Coital Alignment. This is a variation on the missionary position that incorporates pairing and rocking techniques. Mentioned in this episode:Pleasure techniques on the blogPleasure techniques episodeWhat you need to know about the clitorisCliteracyBecoming Cliterate book reviewORDER my Book: Permission for Pleasure: Tending Your Sexual GardenJOIN my Newsletter: Good Education for Good SexFOLLOW on Instagram @cindyscharkeyVISIT my website and blog

Outline00:00 - Intro02:25 - Bachelier and the Théorie de la Spéculation03:05 - Stochastic processes, Brownian motion, and the heat equation09:45 - Poincaré's verdict, obscurity, and rediscovery13:50 - Robert C. Merton: from hot rods to MIT19:25 - Dynamic programming and Itô calculus24:35 - Merton's portfolio problem as stochastic optimal control31:10 - Options, dynamic hedging, and the Black–Scholes–Merton equation39:50 - LTCM: the dream team46:30 - August 1998: the crash49:00 - Fat tails and the ten-sigma defense51:40 - The ghosts of 2008 and echoes in the AI boom54:00 - Robustness embraced at last: Hansen and Sargent57:45 - OutroLinksBachelier's thesis, "Théorie de la Spéculation" (1900): https://www.numdam.org/item/10.24033/asens.476.pdfCourtault et al., "Louis Bachelier on the Centenary of Théorie de la Spéculation": https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9965.00098Merton's Nobel autobiography: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1997/merton/biographical/Merton's MIT "Infinite History" interview: https://infinite.mit.edu/video/robert-c-merton-phd-%E2%80%9970/Mandelbrot, "The Variation of Certain Speculative Prices": https://doi.org/10.1086/294632Merton, "Optimum Consumption and Portfolio Rules in a Continuous-Time Model": https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0531(71)90038-XMoehle & Boyd, "A Certainty Equivalent Merton Problem": https://doi.org/10.1109/LCSYS.2021.3111534Brigo & Mercurio, "Interest Rate Models: Theory and Practice": https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-34604-3Armstrong, Brigo & Hanzon, "Optimal Projection Filters with Information Geometry": https://doi.org/10.1007/s41884-023-00108-xHu & Zhou, "Constrained Stochastic LQ Control with Random Coefficients, and Application to Portfolio Selection": https://doi.org/10.1137/S0363012904441969Black & Scholes, "The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities": https://doi.org/10.1086/260062Merton, "Theory of Rational Option Pricing": https://doi.org/10.2307/3003143Merton, "Option Pricing When Underlying Stock Returns Are Discontinuous": https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90022-2Scholes' Nobel lecture: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1997/scholes/lecture/Merton's Nobel lecture: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1997/merton/lecture/Markowitz, "Portfolio Selection": https://doi.org/10.2307/2975974Michael Lewis, "Liar's Poker": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liar%27s_PokerEdwards, "Hedge Funds and the Collapse of Long-Term Capital Management": https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.13.2.189Lowenstein, "When Genius Failed": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When_Genius_FailedTaleb, "Statistical Consequences of Fat Tails": https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.10488Taleb & West, "Working with Convex Responses: Antifragility from Finance to Oncology": https://doi.org/10.3390/e25020343Taleb, "The Black Swan": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Black_Swan:_The_Impact_of_the_Highly_ImprobableTaleb, "Fooled by Randomness": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fooled_by_RandomnessMan Group, "The AI Bubble: Hidden Risks and Opportunities": https://www.man.com/insights/the-ai-bubbleSen. Warren's remarks at the Vanderbilt Policy Accelerator: https://www.banking.senate.gov/newsroom/minority/warren-remarks-at-vanderbilt-policy-accelerator-event-highlighting-economic-and-financial-risks-of-potential-ai-crashMeng & Chen, "Artificial Intelligence and Systemic Risk": https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.03272Doyle, "Guaranteed Margins for LQG Regulators": https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.1978.1101791Safonov & Athans, "Gain and Phase Margin for Multiloop LQG Regulators": https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.1977.1101470Hansen & Sargent, "Robust Control and Model Uncertainty": https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.91.2.60Hansen & Sargent, "Wanting Robustness in Macroeconomics": http://www.tomsargent.com/research/wanting.pdfSupport the showPodcast infoPodcast website: https://www.incontrolpodcast.com/Apple Podcasts: https://tinyurl.com/5n84j85jSpotify: https://tinyurl.com/4rwztj3cRSS: https://tinyurl.com/yc2fcv4yYoutube: https://tinyurl.com/bdbvhsj6Facebook: https://tinyurl.com/3z24yr43Twitter: https://twitter.com/IncontrolPInstagram: https://tinyurl.com/35cu4kr4Acknowledgments and sponsorsThis episode was supported by the National Centre of Competence in Research on «Dependable, ubiquitous automation» and the IFAC Activity fund. The podcast benefits from the help of an incredibly talented and passionate team. Special thanks to L. Seward, E. Cahard, F. Banis, F. Dörfler, J. Lygeros, ETH studio and mirrorlake . Music was composed by A New Element.

Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706) was a prominent Christian composer who influenced J.S. Bach. His book, Hexachordum Apollinis (1699) was a collection of Ariettas and variations. He believed that music comes from God and reflects the song of the angels.

In this episode of The Dairy Podcast Show, Dr. Bill Stone from Diamond V explains how dairy teams can narrow the gap between formulated and consumed rations through better forage management, TMR consistency, and feeding system evaluation. He discusses ingredient variation, mixer performance, equipment wear, and practical strategies to improve feed delivery and consistency across dairy operations. Listen now on all major platforms!“Variation inside forage storage structures creates measurable differences in nutrients and dry matter delivered across feeding periods.”Meet the guest: Dr. Bill Stone is Dairy Technical Services and Director of Commercial Sales at Diamond V. He earned a DVM from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and completed a Ph.D. in Dairy Nutrition and Management at Cornell University. With experience as a dairy veterinarian, extension specialist, and nearly two decades at Diamond V, his work focuses on improving dairy nutrition, feeding systems, and production consistency. Listen to The Dairy Podcast Show with Dr. Bill Stone on all major platforms.Liked this one? Don't stop now — Here's what we think you'll love!What you'll learn:(00:00) Highlight(01:55) Introduction(04:06) Reducing ration variation(06:55) Forage consistency(11:58) Diet formulation(15:01) TMR audits(19:45) Feeding performance(24:48) Final QuestionsThe Dairy Podcast Show is trusted and supported by innovative companies like:- Protekta* Evonik* Priority IAC* Afimilk* Adisseo* Agri-Comfort* CowManager- AHV- Agrarian Solutions- DietForge- dsm-firmenich- BoviSync- Chemlock Nutrition- Natural Biologics

"Engage with the material… don't dictate. Let the material help dictate the design… and dare to dream." — Benjamin AylingThere is something deeply timeless about holding a piece of natural stone. Perhaps it is the cool surface beneath our fingertips. Perhaps it is the intricate mineral patterns that could never be replicated twice. Or perhaps it is something much older than conscious thought—a recognition that for almost all of human history, stone has been our shelter, our monuments, our meeting places and our memories.While we are searching for healthier, more sustainable ways to design our buildings, natural stone deserves to be part of the Biophilic Design conversation once again.During this conversation on The Journal of Biophilic Design Podcast, Benjamin Ayling, UK Business Development Manager for Lundhs and founding member of the Stone Collective, reflected on why this ancient material still resonates so deeply today.More than a material"It's not just a material, it's a geological process," Ben explains.Every slab tells the story of immense natural forces—volcanoes, minerals, pressure and time. Lundhs' Larvikite, quarried in Norway, is around 300 million years old, while its anorthosite dates back almost one billion years. That perspective alone shifts the way we think about specification.Rather than seeing stone as another surface finish, we begin to understand it as a fragment of Earth's history. Every vein, crystal and fossil record tells a story that simply cannot be manufactured.As biophilic designers, we often talk about our innate connection to nature. Stone reminds us that nature is not simply something outside the window—it can become part of the spaces we inhabit every day.The memory of the caveBiophilic Design is built upon our evolutionary relationship with the natural world.Ben suggests that perhaps our attraction to stone runs even deeper than aesthetics."Humans have evolved around rock and timber and water."Long before cities, our ancestors sought protection within caves and rocky landscapes. Stone provided shelter, thermal comfort and security. Those ancient associations may still influence how we experience space today.Environmental psychologists have long recognised that our surroundings shape our behaviour and wellbeing. Ben believes natural stone communicates something increasingly rare in modern construction. "Natural stone has the ability to communicate permanence and care... it tells us that the place was built to last." That feeling matters, where permanence can itself become restorative.Touching timeAnyone who has watched visitors encounter a large piece of natural stone will recognise the instinct. People reach out to touch it, children climb on it, we run our hands on it almost without thinking. Ben witnessed exactly this during a project at the Carbon Garden in Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. "The first thing they do is make a beeline for it and they just put their hands on it."Unlike synthetic materials, stone engages multiple senses simultaneously. It is cool before it is warm, it's smooth in one place, but textured in another, it's heavy, reassuring and utterly unique. No two pieces are ever identical.This richness of sensory experience is central to Biophilic Design. We know that natural variation—the subtle imperfections, textures and complexity found in nature—helps reduce stress and maintain attention far more effectively than uniform, manufactured surfaces. Stone embodies that principle effortlessly.Designing with honestyPerhaps one of the most thought-provoking moments in our conversation centred not around stone itself, but around our approach to design. We have become accustomed to engineering materials until they obey every specification perfectly. Ben questions whether that mindset has taken us too far. Instead of forcing natural materials to behave like manufactured ones, perhaps we should begin with the material itself. Look at it's strength, its limitations, its character. "There is ingenuity and beauty to be had by connecting with the material rather than dictating to it." This philosophy echoes many of the principles behind regenerative and biophilic design. Nature never produces perfect repetition. Variation is not a flaw. It is life. Rather than rejecting mineral markings, shell fossils or colour variation, perhaps these are exactly the qualities that make spaces feel authentic.Buildings that become more beautiful with ageUnlike many contemporary materials, stone does not begin ageing the moment it is installed.It evolves, weather softens it, light changes it, time enriches it. Many of Britain's most loved buildings—from cathedrals to civic buildings—are admired precisely because they have matured gracefully over centuries. Stone tells the story of place. It develops a patina rather than deteriorating into obsolescence. This is biophilic design AND long-term thinking, and this will be increasingly important as the built environment embraces circular economy principles.Ben describes one pioneering project, 317 Finchley Road, where natural stone forms the building's load-bearing structure rather than simply its façade. Designed so components can eventually be dismantled and reused, it demonstrates how ancient construction principles can support the future of sustainable architecture.As Ben puts it: "It's effectively the quarry of the future."Learning from our ancestorsWe are not the first to use stone, it's been with us as a build material since time immemorial, we lived in caves, the Egyptians, the Greeks, the Romans used stone. It's what Medieval cathedrals were built from. Communities understood that stone was not simply decoration but structure, designed to last generations.Today, advances in digital modelling, precision manufacturing and circular construction mean those ideas are becoming relevant once again. Rather than replacing materials every few decades, we can begin designing buildings whose components may serve multiple lifetimes. Few materials are better suited to that ambition than natural stone.A different way of designingPerhaps the most inspiring part of Ben's work is taking young architects to Norwegian quarries. Rather than presenting polished samples, he watches them rummage through what the quarry calls its "unloved stone”: the unexpected colours, irregular shapes, fragments others might overlook, those discarded pieces often become the greatest source of creative inspiration. It is a wonderful reminder that creativity often begins not with perfection but with possibility.Dare to dreamThe future of Biophilic Design also should be about remembering what has always mattered. Materials that connect us to nature, buildings that honour time rather than fight against it, spaces that age with grace, design that begins by listening. As Ben encourages designers: "Engage with the material... don't dictate. Let the material help dictate the design... and dare to dream."Let's rediscover a way of designing that works with nature rather than against it—creating places rooted in permanence, craftsmanship, beauty and belonging. Because when we design with the Earth, rather than merely upon it, our buildings become more than structures. They become stories.www.Lundhsrealstone.comwww.thestonecollective.orgFree materials issue:https://journalofbiophilicdesign.com/free-materials-issue Have you got a copy of the Journal? You can now subscribe as a member of the Journal of Biophilic Design or purchase a gorgeous coffee table reference copy or PDF download of the Journal journalofbiophilicdesign.comor Amazon and Kindle. Credits: with thanks to George Harvey Audio Production for the calming biophilic soundscape that backs all of our podcasts. Listen to our podcast on Audible, Amazon Music, Spotify, iTunes, YouTube and all the RSS feeds.https://www.facebook.com/journalofbiophilicdesign/https://www.linkedin.com/company/journalofbiophilicdesign/https://www.instagram.com/journalofbiophilicdesignIf you like this,please subscribe!

This week on our Vino Lingo segment we feature Peter Mondavi Jr, Co-Proprietor, Charles Krug, Napa Valley, defining the term “Bottle Variation”.  Learn more by visiting charleskrug.com

Wenn man zählen würde, welche Formulierungen heutzutage zu den meistgebrauchten Sprüchen zählen, dann würde wahrscheinlich ganz oben stehen: „in den Fokus rücken“ oder in der Variation: „in den Fokus gerückt“. – Diese Formel wird oft gebraucht, obwohl es deutsche Alternativen gibt, zum Beispiel: „Im Mittelpunkt des Geschehens steht …“. Oder: „In den Blickpunkt gerückt“. AlbrechtWeiterlesen

Today, Dr. Briana Drapp, PT, DPT, PTA, CSCS goes over the important things to know about Measures of Central Tendency and Variation when studying for the NPTE-PTA. At the end of this episode, Briana provides and reviews a sample question that helps students get a feel for how this subject will be asked on the NPTE - PTA. Tune in to learn more!Come to our review session on June 20th and 21st at 1pm EST: https://ptaelevation.com/last-minute-reviewPart 3 of the review session will be June 30th at 4PM EST!Website: https://www.ptaelevation.com/Join our FB group for FREE resources to help you study for the exam! https://www.facebook.com/groups/382310196801103/If you're interested in our prep course, check it out here: https://ptaelevation.com/the-600-plus-systemFollow us on our other platforms! https://www.ptaelevation.com/linktreeWe look forward to serving you!

An approved variation to Clare's County Development Plan is being hailed as a win for the county. The move sees an additional 250 acres of land zoned for housing countywide, while a further 350 acres of strategic residential reserve sites have been unlocked for immediate use. Questions have been raised over whether this will make any difference given Clare's serious wastewater deficits, with 50 towns and villages still without a sewerage connection. Clare FM's Daragh Dolan has been speaking to Planning Consultant and Clonlara Independent Councillor Michael Begley on the matter, but firstly, Kilmurry Fianna Fáil Cllr Alan O'Callaghan. Image (c) pixelshot via Canva

Drs. Avery Tung and Hannah Wunsch discuss the article "Variation in Maximal Doses of Vasopressors Used for Treatment of Shock in Intensive Care Units in Alberta Canada: A Retrospective Cohort Study" published in the June 2026 issue of Anesthesia & Analgesia.

Historically we were taught as surgeons that 1-centimeter bites that between suture throws on a Pfannenstiel (low transverse) fascial closure was enough to prevent hernia formation and optimize facial healing. But is this still evidence based? We can extrapolate data from a May 2026 systematicreview/meta-anlysis as well as a separate study from the Dutch published in 2021. Both of these studies were in the journal Hernia. The evidence does favor one technique over the other! Listen in for details.1.     Golling M, Baumann P, Kuger F, Fortelny RH.Impact of the SUture BIte TEchnique on clinical outcomes after midlinelaparotomy closure: SUBITE-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hernia. 2026May 19;30(1):221. doi: 10.1007/s10029-026-03700-z. PMID: 42154339; PMCID:PMC13186860.2.     Paulsen CB, Zetner D, Rosenberg J. Variation inabdominal wall closure techniques in lower transverse incisions: a nationwidesurvey across specialties. Hernia. 2021 Apr;25(2):345-352. doi:10.1007/s10029-020-02280-w. Epub 2020 Aug 8. PMID: 32770366.

John Murillo is an acclaimed poet. He is the author of the collections “Up Jump the Boogie”, his debut work, “Kontemporary Amerikan Poetry”, a meditation on racism and institutional violence in America, and “Variation On A Theme By Gil Scott-Heron”. His honors include the Kingsley Tufts Poetry Award, the North American Book Award, and the Four Quartets Prize. His poetry has appeared in Prairie Schooner,  American Poetry Review, Ploughshares, Poetry, and Prairie Schooner as well as Best American Poetry. And he's been a professor at several major colleges. My featured song is “Constable On Patrol” from the album East Side Sessions by my band, Project Grand Slam. Spotify link. —----------------------------------------------------------- The Follow Your Dream Podcast:Top 1% of all podcasts with Listeners in 200 countries! Click here for All Episodes  Click here for Guest List  Click here for Guest Groupings  Click here for Guest Testimonials Click here for Reflections Click here for Special Collections Click here for Legends Click here to Subscribe  Click here to receive our Email Updates Click here to Rate and Review the podcast —---------------------------------------- CONNECT WITH JOHN:www.johnmurillo.com —---------------------------------------- ROBERT'S NEWEST RELEASE:“MI CACHIMBER ALL STARS” is the new, expanded version of Robert's single, “Mi Cachimber”, which he wrote for his father. Featuring Camila Cortina on Rhodes and Xito Lovell on trombone in addition to Benny Benack III and Dave Smith on flugelhorn, and Project Grand Slam's rhythm section. CLICK HERE FOR OFFICIAL VIDEO CLICK HERE FOR ALL LINKS —-------------------------------------- ROBERT'S RECENT RELEASE: “MA PETITE FLEUR STRING QUARTET” is Robert's latest release. It transforms his jazz ballad into a lush classical string quartet piece. Praised by a host of classical music stars. CLICK HERE FOR YOUTUBE LINK CLICK HERE FOR ALL LINKS —---------------------------------------- Audio production: Jimmy RavenscroftKymera Films   Connect with the Follow Your Dream Podcast: Website - www.followyourdreampodcast.comEmail Robert - robert@followyourdreampodcast.com   Follow Robert's band, Project Grand Slam, and his music: Website - www.projectgrandslam.comYouTubeSpotify MusicApple MusicEmail - pgs@projectgrandslam.com    

Supply variation reduction plays a critical role in helping healthcare organizations improve efficiency, lower costs, and support high quality patient care. Our host Shannon Hale speaks with Marcy Maddox, Executive Director of Supply Chain at University of Missouri Healthcare, about building clinician buy in, sustaining long term improvement, and creating a culture that embraces collaboration and continuous learning.   Guest Speaker:  Marcy Maddox, MHA Executive Director of Supply Chain University of Missouri Healthcare   Host:  Shannon Hale, MHA, RN, CPHQ Senior Program Director, Performance Improvement Programs Vizient    Show Notes: [1:55] Key lessons learned about clinician engagement and organizational alignment [3:22] How leadership support and physician champions helped drive progress [4:31] Why early wins encouraged more clinician participation [5:27] Strategies for organizing work and using data to support decisions [6:26] The importance of monitoring progress and maintaining accountability [8:07] How teams evaluate variation while prioritizing patient care [8:44] Marcy shares how past challenges helped shape future success [10:05] Ways leaders can create safe environments for collaboration and growth [11:21] The role leadership plays in shaping organizational culture [12:11] How supply chain work ultimately supports patient outcomes [13:00] Practical guidance for teams starting their variation reduction journey [14:53] What sustainable success looks like for variation reduction efforts   Links | Resources: Contacting Knowledge on the Go: picollaboratives@vizientinc.com    Subscribe Today! Apple Podcasts Spotify YouTube Android RSS Feed  

Nga Yeung Tang, Carmen Gherasim, Lee Schroeder, Hsuan-Chieh Liao, Qian Sun. Assessment of Instrument-Specific Variation between Measured and Calculated Bicarbonate. The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2026, Pages 483–492.  https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf201

⚔️ "Supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting." — Sun Tzu, The Art of WarThe complete, human-read audiobook of The Art of War by Sun Tzu, in Lionel Giles' classic translation, with the full text on screen and original chapter illustrations by Sage Royce. Across thirteen compact chapters, Sun Tzu distills the principles of strategy, timing, deception, discipline, positioning, terrain, and intelligence into one of the most enduring manuals of leadership ever written.This Chillbooks edition is designed for focused listening and re-listening: a clear performance by Mark Cassidy, on-screen text for close reading, and minimalist symbolic chapter art that gives each section its own visual identity. Whether you approach The Art of War as military philosophy, political wisdom, business strategy, or a study in human nature, this is the classic in one concentrated sitting.

Lipoprotein(a) or Lp(a) is suddenly all the rage because several drug companies are working on medications to lower this previously resistant form of cholesterol. Almost entirely genetic, unaffected by diet or lifestyle, it has numerous studies linking it to heart disease and aortic valve calcification. But it may not be the ticking time bomb some influencers like to claim.   Become a supporter of our show today either on Patreon or through PayPal! Thank you! http://www.patreon.com/thebodyofevidence/ https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=9QZET78JZWCZE   Email us your questions at thebodyofevidence@gmail.com.   Editor:    Robyn Flynn Theme music: “Fall of the Ocean Queen“ by Joseph Hackl Rod of Asclepius designed by Kamil J. Przybos Chris' book, Does Coffee Cause Cancer?: https://ecwpress.com/products/does-coffee-cause-cancer   Obviously, Chris is not your doctor (probably). This podcast is not medical advice for you; it is what we call information. References: The genetic nature of Lp(a) levels: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1386087/ Prevalence of elevated Lp(a) in 500,000 US patients https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27659098/ Prevalence of elevated Lp(a) in 2.9 million Chinese adults https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40266173/ Prevalence of elevated Lp(a) in the INTERASPIRE study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40436467/ Variation of Lp(a) by sex: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27659098/ One of the many studies linking Lp(a) to cardiovascular disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33115266/ High Lp(a) and aortic stenosis: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1109034 FH and Lp(a) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32466883/ The ongoing Lp(a) trials https://familyheart.org/lpa-clinical-trials  

The research made headlines: the raccoon raiding your garbage can might just be solving puzzles for the fun of it. Animal behavior scientist Hannah Griebling's work focuses on raccoon cognition and human-wildlife conflict. Short version: they win. They love the challenge. The masked bandit as a curiosity role model! Hannah Griebling: https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=JCuZt0wAAAAJ Theme music by Sean Balick; “Variation 19" by Blue Nocturnal, via Blue Dot Sessions.

Summary In this episode, Andy welcomes back Marcus Buckingham, bestselling author and researcher, to discuss his new book, Design Love In: How to Unleash the Most Powerful Force in Business. For 25 years, Marcus studied the most productive teams, loyal customers, and effective leaders in the world, and the word that kept appearing in his data was one he kept changing: love. Andy and Marcus explore what love actually means in a business context, including how leaders are really experience makers whether they know it or not. You will hear the remarkable story of Josh D'Amaro, the CEO of Disney, and what his leadership reveals about designing love into a team's daily experience. Marcus unpacks the five feelings that lead people to say they love working for a leader, starting with something counterintuitive: control. The conversation also covers tough love, AI's limits as an experience maker, and how these principles can transform how we lead our families too. If you're looking for a fresh, evidence-based look at what drives sustained high performance, this episode is for you! Sound Bites "I kept hearing that word (love) and shame on me, but I did keep changing it because I felt like it was a careless exaggeration of the word like or something." "Don't keep changing the word (love). The word's the word. The question really should be why and how do we replicate it?" "You're paid to change behavior. That's all you're paid to do. You're not paid to run a project. You're paid to change behavior as a leader." "When you send an email, it's not an email. It's an experience for the person on the other end. When you call that team meeting, it's not a team meeting. It's an experience." "You join a company and then you quit your boss." "Undesigned experiences lead to unpredictable outcomes." "It's cowardly, not loving. It's cowardly to leave them in that job." "I am for you. I am for you. That doesn't always mean that I am going to tell you what you wanna hear. It means I want you to flourish." "Loving's an ingredient, right? Loving isn't, 'Be nicer.' Loving's like, 'What are you trying to do for me?'" "The beginning of love is rules. The beginning of love is clarity." Chapters 00:00 Introduction 01:48 Start of Interview 01:57 Why Marcus Spent Decades Avoiding the Word "Love" 05:47 Misconceptions About Love in Business 11:29 Inside the "Josh Effect" 18:02 What Great Leaders Don't Do 22:13 Local Leadership and Variation in Team Experience 27:54 When Senior Leaders Couldn't Say the Word 31:04 Applying the "Is This Loving or Unloving?" Lens 37:43 Tough Love and Difficult Performance Conversations 46:20 Practical Takeaways: The Five Feelings of Love 50:25 AI and the Role of Love in Leadership 56:34 Designing Love Into Parenting and Family 1:01:26 End of Interview 1:01:57 Andy Comments After the Interview 1:05:03 Outtakes Learn More You can learn more about Marcus and his work at BuckinghamInstitute.com. For more learning on this topic, check out: Episode 252, which is our earlier interview with Marcus Buckingham. That book still impacts how Andy leads years after having Marcus on the first time. Episode 332 with Kevin Eikenberry and Wayne Turmel. A discussion about keeping your teams engaged and connected, even if they're not co-located. Episode 324 with Jim Harter. Jim is the Chief Scientist at Gallup and they have an insightful discussion about building resilient and thriving teams. Chat with PMeLa You can chat directly with PMeLa—the podcast's AI persona—to get episode recommendations and answers to your project management and leadership questions. Visit PeopleAndProjectsPodcast.com/PMeLa to chat with her. Pass the PMP Exam If you or someone you know is thinking about getting PMP certified, we've put together a helpful guide called The 5 Best Resources to Help You Pass the PMP Exam on Your First Try. We've helped thousands of people earn their certification, and we'd love to help you too. It's totally free, and it's a great way to get a head start. Just go to 5BestResources.PeopleAndProjectsPodcast.com to grab your copy. I'd love to help you get your PMP this year! Join Us for LEAD52 I know you want to be a more confident leader–that's why you listen to this podcast. LEAD52 is a global community of people like you who are committed to transforming their ability to lead and deliver. It's 52 weeks of leadership learning, delivered right to your inbox, taking less than 5 minutes a week. And it's all for free. Learn more and sign up at GetLEAD52.com. Thanks! Thank you for joining me for this episode of The People and Projects Podcast! Talent Triangle: Power Skills Topics: Leadership, Love in Business, Team Culture, Employee Engagement, Customer Experience, Project Management, AI, Artificial Intelligence, Parenting, Organizational Culture, Experience Design The following music was used for this episode: Music: Summer Morning Full Version by MusicLFiles License (CC BY 4.0): https://filmmusic.io/standard-license Music: Tuesday by Sascha Ende License (CC BY 4.0): https://filmmusic.io/standard-license

Azad explores the biological complexity of human milk and its role in shaping infant immunity. From immune-active components to variation in milk composition, this episode examines how early nutrition programs long-term health outcomes.  Timestamps:  02:30 – Milk composition explained 05:20 – Immune components role 08:10 – Variation in milk 10:40 – Growth and outcomes

In this episode we answer emails from Geraldo, Rock, Ute.  We discuss how to give well, shifting from big-name school donations to smaller charities with immediate impact, moving from individual stocks to a Golden Butterfly style portfolio with less stress, treating Roth conversions as optional and highly personal rather than automatic, using a conservative Interactive Brokers margin loan as a temporary cash buffer, lowering margin-call risk with diversification and alternatives, and pressure-testing inflation claims for retirees and comparing U.S. data with and older study from The Netherlands.And THEN we our go through our weekly and monthly portfolio reviews of the eight sample portfolios you can find at Portfolios | Risk Parity Radio.Additional Links:Father McKenna Center Donation Page:  Donate - Father McKenna CenterWCI Podcast Episode re Charitable Giving with Rebecca Herbst:  How to Maximize the Impact of Your Charitable Giving - WCI Podcast #470Referenced Inflation Study Paper:  S1474747216000202jra 85..109J.P Morgan Inflation Study:  JP_Morgan_White_Paper_Three_Retirement_Spending_Surprises.pdf - Google DriveRAND Inflation Study:  Spending Trajectories After Age 65: Variation by Initial Wealth | RANDBreathless Unedited AI-Bot Summary:You can be “right” about taxes and still be wrong about living. We dig into three listener emails that expose a common trap for smart investors: turning retirement into an endless optimization project, while the real goal is a calmer portfolio, a sustainable withdrawal plan, and a life you actually want to spend money on.First, we walk through a practical way to transition from individual stocks to a Golden Butterfly portfolio without getting paralyzed by detail. We talk about why macro allocation matters more than the exact ticker list, how to think about growth vs value exposure, and why simplifying inside retirement accounts is usually easier than in taxable accounts where capital gains can bite. We also share what we'd try to eliminate first when someone is de-risking for retirement.Next, we zoom out to retirement tax planning and charitable giving. We discuss why blanket advice on Roth conversion strategy and withdrawal order often fails, what it means to “disgorge” traditional IRAs before RMD age, and how qualified charitable distributions (QCDs) can be a quietly powerful tool for charitably inclined retirees.Then we tackle margin as a tool, not a lifestyle. We break down using a conservative Interactive Brokers margin backstop, how diversification can reduce drawdowns and margin-call risk, and why assets like Treasuries, gold, and managed futures show up again in risk parity style thinking. We also address a listener challenge on retiree inflation and why country, data vintage, and healthcare systems can flip the conclusion.If you like clear portfolio mechanics with real-world tradeoffs, subscribe, share the show with a friend, and leave a review so more DIY investors can find us.Support the show

Scientific Sense ® by Gill Eapen: Prof. Isabel Gauthier is Professor of Psychology, Radiology and Radiological Sciences at Vanderbilt University. She is interested in how we recognize objects visually, and how our experience with objects transforms our visual system.Please subscribe to this channel: http://scientificsense.world

Americans throw away nearly 5 million tons of film and flexible plastic packaging every year, and less than 1% of it gets recycled, according to The Recycling Partnership. The salad bag, the potato bag, the pallet wrap behind every grocery store — all of it is technically recyclable, almost none of it actually is, and food contact applications make the math even harder, because the FDA requires rigorous migration testing before a single recycled pellet can touch what we eat. Kevin Kelly, CEO of Emerald Packaging, the largest supplier of retail flexible packaging to the U.S. produce industry, has spent decades on that problem from inside the industry. In December 2025, his Union City, California–based, third-generation family business announced that it had eliminated more than 1 million pounds of virgin polyethylene over the previous year by replacing it with post-consumer recycled (PCR) material, including, in partnership with Walmart, Idaho Package, and Wada Farms, the first 30% PCR potato bag approved for direct food contact. In this episode of Sustainability In Your Ear, Kevin walks through what it actually took to get that bag on a Walmart shelf, why most flexible packaging companies still won't try, and why the most ambitious recycling law in the country may push the industry in the wrong direction.[Food-grade PCR is a different animal from the recycled plastic in a milk crate or a contractor bag. To pass FDA scrutiny, the feedstock has to be traceable from a known, food-adjacent source. For Emerald, that mostly means pallet wrap collected from Walmart distribution centers, washed, dried, and repelletized by suppliers like Dow Chemical's Circulus mechanical recycling business and Canada's Nova Chemicals. Variation in any given load of recyclable plastic causes carbon buildup on Emerald's extrusion lines, forcing a shutdown every eight hours for cleaning, and waste rates are higher than with virgin resin. The company has had to audit its own suppliers in person, push back on competitors who hide non-food-grade PCR in the middle layer of multilayer films and call it sustainable, and walk produce buyers through what “food-grade” actually means before they sign on. Kevin describes Emerald as “the canary in the coal mine” for food-grade PCR — he can't find another bag in the store that's labeled the same way.The harder argument Kevin makes is about policy. California's SB 54, the most ambitious extended producer responsibility (EPR) law in the country, with a 65% recycling rate target and a 25% source reduction mandate by 2032, was supposed to drive exactly the kind of work Emerald is doing. But Kevin says the rulemaking went the other way. The pound-for-pound PCR credit that would have rewarded companies for replacing virgin resin with recycled content was stripped out, and the fees are low enough that producers can hit early reduction targets through agricultural film and other low-hanging fruit without ever switching to food-grade PCR. The deeper structural problem Kevin lays out is the capital story. Family-owned manufacturers freed from quarterly returns pressure, Kevin argues, are doing more to push food-grade PCR forward today than the capital pools that are theoretically supposed to fund the energy and sustainability transition.To find out more about Emerald Packaging, visit empack.com.

Andrew Clugston, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in the Sweet-Cordero Lab at UCSF joins us on OsteoBites to discuss his OutSmarting Osteosarcoma funded work, in partnership with the RISE Foundation, on defining tumor-specific vulnerabilities by mapping oncogenic structural variation in osteosarcoma.The genomes of osteosarcoma (OS) cancer cells are among the most complex cancer genomes ever observed. Initially formed by hundreds to thousands of incorrectly repaired DNA breaks (structural variants; SVs), OS genomes contain DNA structures that are unique to that patient and tumor cell, combining genes and regulatory features from across the genome in ways that effectively re-wire that cell's gene expression mechanisms. OS cells are also susceptible to further SVs over time and in response to treatment, potentially allowing OS tumors to evolve rapidly. But these complex and tumor-specific genomic structures may also harbor tumor-specific vulnerabilities. By mapping the many unique DNA structures among patient-derived OS tumor cells, Dr. Clugston has attempted to demonstrate that it is possible both to describe the essential structures within these cells and to search them for novel target genes vulnerable to existing drugs and treatment protocols. Using chromatin conformation capture sequencing (HiC) to observe the shape of the genome and optical genome mapping (OGM) to identify tumor-specific DNA structures, Dr. Clugston has produced tumor-specific maps for multiple patient-derived OS tumor cell lines and has begun development of a search process based on long-read mapping techniques that he hopes will inform future patient-specific treatment protocols.Andrew Clugston grew up in the small town of Lake Luzerne, New York. He received a BS in Biochemistry and an MS in Chemistry at the Rochester Institute of Technology, and he received his PhD in Integrative Systems Biology at the University of Pittsburgh. During his PhD he learned to use and develop bioinformatics tools and techniques to study the role of the genome in kidney as well as eye development, and in the process became fascinated with the importance of 3-dimensional organization in regulating cell behavior. Andrew has since joined the Sweet-Cordero laboratory in the Pediatric Oncology Division at the University of California San Francisco as a Postdoctoral Fellow. There, he applies his knowledge and skillset to study how disruptions in these organizational principles allow osteosarcoma cells to develop and proliferate, and how these changes reveal tumor-specific vulnerabilities that can be exploited for fast and effective treatment options that improve the lives of patients.

【主播的话】去年一个偶然的机会，我在纽约认识了高琴教授，还发现我们是邻居。在那之前，我已经对高琴教授的有所耳闻。她是著作丰硕的社会政策学者，在哥伦比亚大学社会工作学院任教，是讲席教授，同时担任博士项目主管副院长，以研究中国贫困问题见长。她常年组织大规模的社会调查，用数据来研究贫困的根源、影响与政策应对。她同时还是哥大“亚裔美国人”项目主任。在哥大——一个竞争激烈、精英云集、以全球化和多元化闻名、但却仍然主要由白人学者执掌的常春藤高校——能做到管理层的亚裔女性，仍然少之又少。这背后所需要的努力与卓越，超出常人想象。认识之后，邻里的便利让我们多了一些深聊的机会。串门这件事，在硕大的纽约并不常见——跟朋友约着喝个咖啡，通勤很可能要一小时以上。我们俩都来自县城，分享着从小地方到北京再到美国的点滴，在繁华的纽约这也不常见——能在这里留下扎根的华人朋友，大多数还是出身于中国的大城市，有着较好的家庭支持。我带着初到纽约的许多困惑，向她寻求过职业上的建议、也分享过生活的琐碎。而她也总是在极其繁忙的日程中挤出时间，跟我见面或者电话。我渐渐感到，她的本人比外在那些光鲜的标签还要闪光。她告诉我，自己如何开始对贫困问题感兴趣：在并不发达的山西县城长大，她从小就对贫困问题有切身感知。有乞丐上门讨食，奶奶永远会为他们准备食物，不让这些人空手而归。她那时就播下了种子，想知道：穷人为什么会如此贫穷？有什么办法可以改变他们的境遇吗？后来她离开山西、去了北京、上了北大；又离开中国、到了纽约，加入哥大，成为了全球知名的贫困和不平等研究学者。通过研究政策、改变政策的方式，为这些根深蒂固的贫困问题提出解法。在与高琴老师的数次聊天中，我时常感到启发与鼓舞。便向她发出邀请，到播客上来做一次分享，希望更多的人——特别是那些在世界不同地方被贫困、阶层、社会地位、性别种族偏见、历史周期暂时困住了的人——可以听到她的故事。【本期主播】王磬：微博@王磬【本期嘉宾】高琴：哥伦比亚大学莫里斯 · 罗素社会政策与社会工作实务讲席教授，社会工作学院博士教育主管副院长，哥大中国社会政策研究中心的创始主任，哥大“亚裔美国人”项目主任【本期剧透】01:41 童年种子：从山西农村到县城的人生跃迁07:15 从贵州/山西到北京，贫富差距与视野巨变10:33 不仅要看贫困率的“面”，更要看贫困人口具体的感受和体验的“深度”16:32 低收入人口如何界定？低收入意味着什么？21:07 中国低保制度的缘起与发展25:29 福利会养懒汉吗？中、美、欧的福利观有何不同？29:52 在美华人日渐增多，如何做这个群体的社会调查？37:37 亚裔美国人研究项目：从社会科学视角补齐历史缺失42:07 亚裔女性学者需要找到自己的勇气与能动性50:04 如何向学界证明亚裔课题的重要性？56:57 纽约生活与归属感：在第二故乡回馈社会【Get In Touch】高琴教授最近也刚刚开设了专门助力亚裔女性在美国职场发展的教练与培训服务。如果对此类服务感兴趣，欢迎发邮件咨询：gaocoaching@gmail.com【相关阅读】福利、工作与贫困：中国的社会救助Welfare, Work, and Poverty: Social Assistance in China作者：高琴出版社：Oxford University Press出版时间：2017年本书对中国主要的社会救助项目——“最低生活保障制度”（简称“低保”）自1993年建立以来的影响和成效进行了系统且全面的评估。低保制度肩负着双重功能：既要为贫困人口提供基础的安全网，又要维护社会的政治稳定。书中利用大量的实证研究证据，分析了这一全球覆盖人口最多的福利项目的实际运作情况。该书为政治学家、经济学家、社会学家、公共政策研究者以及社会工作者提供了理解当代中国社会转型和安全网构建的重要参考文献。Poverty Tracker纽约市贫困追踪者项目由哥伦比亚大学贫困与社会政策中心（Center on Poverty and Social Policy, CPSP）与纽约最大的扶贫慈善机构罗宾汉基金会（Robin Hood Foundation）共同发起。通过长期、高频的追踪，动态观察纽约居民如何进入贫困、如何挣扎以及如何脱贫。该项目于2012年启动，追踪一个由约 3,000 至 4,000 户纽约市家庭组成的代表性样本。项目最初每三个月（季度）进行一次调研，以捕获短期生活波动（如一次突发的医疗支出或失业）。自2022年起，调研频率调整为每年三次（即每四个月一次）。除了传统的“收入贫困”指标，它还衡量物质匮乏（如食物不足、无力支付账单）、健康状况以及社会流动性。其数据多次被纽约市政府用于评估最低工资政策、带薪家事假以及税收减免的效果，是美国地方政府制定反贫困政策的重要实证基础。根据其2026年3月发布的最新年度报告显示，由于通货膨胀和生活成本上升，纽约市的贫困率已攀升至 26%（约220万人）。罗宾汉基金会研究报告页面：https://robinhood.org/reports/poverty-tracker-annual-report-vol-8/哥伦比亚大学官方页面：https://povertycenter.columbia.edu/node/191全美华人调查National Survey of Chinese Americans该研究由哥伦比亚大学社会工作学院（高琴教授团队）与百人会（Committee of 100）于2022年联合开展首轮调查。它是目前针对美国华裔群体规模最大、覆盖面最广的社会调查之一，样本量接近 6,500名华裔成年人。调查不仅关注人口普查式的基本数据，更深入探讨了以下议题：身份认同与归属感：华裔如何看待自己在美身份以及“永久外国人”的刻板印象。歧视与心理健康：量化反亚裔仇恨（Anti-Asian Hate）对华裔日常生活、心理安全感的影响。政治参与度：华裔在选举、社区事务中的参与现状及政治偏好。经济贡献与差距：打破“模范少数族裔”的单一叙事，揭示华裔内部巨大的经济差距与贫困问题。该调查的数据为政策制定者、社区组织和学术界提供了极具价值的实证支持，旨在消除对华裔群体的误解，推动针对该群体的社会服务与政策改善。哥大中国社会政策中心研究报告发布页面：https://chinacenter.socialwork.columbia.edu/news/full-report-the-state-of-chinese-americans百人会官方项目主页 (State of Chinese Americans)：https://www.committee100.org/our-work/state-of-chinese-americans-survey/【本期音乐】Goldberg Variations, BWV. 988 - Variation 18. Canon on the sixthGoldberg Variations, BWV. 988 - Variation 7【节目制作】方改则【Logo设计】刘刘（ins: imjanuary)【互动方式】小红书@不合时宜微博@不合时宜TheWeirdo商务合作可发邮件至 hibuheshiyi@126.com 或微博私信会员计划咨询可添加微信：hibuheshiyi3 或发送邮件至 hibuhehsiyi@gmail.com

This episode of the Real Science Exchange features Dr. Mary Beth Hall, founder of The Cows Are Always Right and former USDA‑ARS scientist, discussing her highly attended Real Science Exchange webinar, Manure Evaluation: Figuring Out What's Going On Between Cows and Their Rations. Joining the pub‑table conversation are Dr. Clay Zimmerman, Dr. Stefano Vandoni, and Dr. Sion Richards. Dr. Mary Beth Hall explains why manure evaluation is one of the most reliable diagnostic tools in dairy nutrition, providing a direct biological response that may not appear in ration models or performance data. She emphasizes why manure must be evaluated alongside cow behavior and production metrics. (09:28) Mary Beth breaks down the science of fecal pH, including how to measure it correctly, why results can be misleading if done improperly, and what fecal pH reveals about digestion beyond the rumen. She explains why fecal pH does not directly reflect rumen pH and how fiber source influences hindgut fermentation. (14:46) The discussion shifts to practical manure screening on farm. Mary Beth explains what to look for when rinsing manure, how undigested fiber or grain can signal rate‑of‑passage and feed processing issues, and why screening is best used as a qualitative diagnostic tool rather than a strict numerical benchmark. (21:36) The panel compares manure evaluation with rumination monitors and emerging dairy technologies, highlighting why sensor data must be interpreted in context with manure consistency, cow behavior, intake patterns, and diet composition to accurately assess cow health. (28:16) Real‑world troubleshooting examples illustrate how ration and management issues—including spoiled silage, feed sorting, inconsistent intake, and water quality problems—often appear first in the manure. Variation within a pen is discussed as an early warning sign for nutrition challenges. (42:14) In closing, the group reinforces why manure evaluation remains underutilized despite being one of the clearest biological indicators of cow health. Integrating manure observation with cow comfort, rumination, feeding management, and overall herd behavior is critical for better nutrition decision‑making. (46:34) Please subscribe and share this episode with your industry colleagues and invite them to join us at the Real Science Exchange virtual pub table. Be sure to register for upcoming Real Science Lecture Series webinars to continue the conversation. Finally, if you'd like a Real Science Exchange t‑shirt, screenshot your rating, review, or subscription and email it to anh.marketing@balchem.com with your size and mailing address, and we'll send one your way.

Book Besties Season 10 Episode 13: VariationThis week the Besties talk about Variation by Rebecca Yarros, their first contemporary romance by the author. Join them as they talk about April's BookCon experience, misconceptions of the Coast Guard, and decide that Yarros is truly able to do it all. Things talked about in this episode: Coast Guard Rescue Swimmer Info: https://www.gocoastguard.com/careers/enlisted/astAmerican Prima Ballerinas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_prima_ballerinas Meet Molly and April, they bonded over books and became Book Besties. So, what do you do when you find your book bestie? Start a podcast of course. Hang out with April and Molly as they talk about everything they love and hate about books. Follow the Book Besties on Facebook, Instagram, Tiktok, and YouTube. If you'd like to contact the Book Besties, please email us at bookbestiespod@gmail.com or visit our website bookbestiespodcast.com. This episode is sponsored by Carpe Librium: Bookish Things for Bookish People. Use the code NEWTHINGS2026 to save $5 off of your order of $25 or more at https://beawesomereadbooks.com.

Matt and Michael open on the shores — Mission Beach, specifically — and wander through the vastness of the ocean as metaphor for life's uncontrollable forces. They explore self-organized criticality: the single grain of sand that collapses the whole system, and why we resist the small fires that prevent total destruction. The conversation turns to authenticity. Can you try to be unique without becoming a trope? Matt shares the story of his college roommate asking, "But how does Matt McCloskey sing it?" — a question that still echoes 25 years later. They discuss theme and variation, the Karate Kid, and why creativity requires structure. They land on family as placeholder — the people who hold your essential self while allowing you to evolve. And finally: God doesn't fall in love with his people. He just is. Cheers y'all

Karl Korte & Elizabeth Mannion - "The Whistling Wind" - Computer Music From the Outside In The Exploited - "Power Struggle" - Death Before Dishonour Faust - "Jennifer (excerpt)" - IV Ângela Valle E Eustáquio Sena - "Simone" - Selva De Pedra (Trilha Sonora Original Da Novela) Jean-Pierre Decerf - "Contours" - Pulsations Pieter Verlinden - "Theme 19 (Générique et Générique Variation 1)" - The Belgian Soundtrack: A Musical Connection of Belgium with Cinema 1961-1979 Au Vol - "Seascapes (For Helen Frankenthaler)" - Anthology of Experimental Music From Canada Amon Duul II - "Rattlesnakeplumcake" - Lemmingmania The Feed-Back - "The Feed-Back (excerpt)" - The Feed-Back S.C. Sharma - "Dance Music 1" - NID Tapes: Electronic Music From India 1969 - 1972 Lingua Ignota - "DO YOU DOUBT ME TRAITOR" - Caligula Don Voegeli - "Caribbean Cruise" - Oscillations 2 Igor Wakhevitch - "Materia Prima" - Docotor Faust https://www.wfmu.org/playlists/shows/163057

Zone two isn't about pace or feel; it's about heart rate, and testing it every four to six weeks is the only way to know if you're actually getting faster.If you've been grinding out zone two runs hoping to get faster but have no idea if it's actually working, you're not alone. Most runners skip the one step that separates guessing from knowing: a simple, repeatable test you can do every four to six weeks to track real aerobic progress. In this episode, I break down how to test and improve your zone two fitness so you can run farther, faster, and more efficiently without burning out. You'll learn why most runners get this wrong, how to set a proper baseline, and how to track real progress over weeks and months. I also walk through a simple, repeatable test and a training approach that helps you see consistent gains, all while keeping things manageable and injury-free.Key TakeawaysZone two training works best when measured by heart rate, not just pace or effort.Testing regularly every 4–6 weeks gives a clear picture of improvement and prevents wasted effort.Consistency over months is key—small, gradual progress leads to big gains without burnout.Timestamps[00:18] What You'll Learn[01:36] Mistake of Zone 2/MAF Pacing[04:05] Use This Training Plan to Improve Your Zone 2[05:01] Variation of MAF - IMAT[05:47] How to MAF Test Part 2[07:07] Where to Do MAF Test[08:18] Traps to Avoid[09:10] How Slow I Was When I First Did This Test[11:03] Don't Stop in the Middle of the Test[11:54] Other Benefits of MAF Testing[12:40] Watch This to Understand Base BetterLinks & Learnings

Sunday Worship for March 29, 2026, from Queen Anne Lutheran Church in Seattle, our 10:30 service— Pastor Dan Peterson; Cantor Kyle Haugen. Processional Hymn—All Glory, Laud and Honor, • First Reading— Isaiah 50:4-9a • Psalm 31:9-16 • Second Reading— Philippians 2:5-11 • Gospel—Matthew 27:11-54 • Hymn of the Day—Were You There (ELW 353) • Offertory—Psalm 69:20-22 • Distribution Hymn—Jesus, Remember Me (ELW 616) • Sending Hymn —Through the Night of Doubt and Sorrow (ELW 327) • Postlude—excerpt from Prelude, Fugue, and Variation, César Franck  ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Link here to view the bulletin⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Enjoying our worship recordings? Consider giving. ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Visit this link⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.

A few weeks ago, I was skimming this NEJM paper for UCSF's Division of Geriatrics Journal club on de-prescribing anti-hypertensive medications for older adults in nursing homes. Seemed to make a world of sense. The study found no difference between the deprescribing arm and the usual care arm in mortality, the primary study outcome. I thought, great! So we can deprescribe anti-hypertensives without changing mortality, that must be what the authors concluded. I was shocked, therefore, to read in the first paragraph of the discussion that the deprescribing arm did not achieve the hypothesized 25% reduction in mortality.  What?!?  Why would deprescribing be associated with reduced mortality? That's not the main reason or even the first reason I think of for deprescribing.  Reducing side effects that impair quality of life, sure. Less pill burden, of course.  But prolonged life?  Seemed a stretch. Today we hear from the first author of this study, Athanase Benetos, an esteemed geriatrician-researcher from France.  For context, we also interviewed Mike Steinman, co-chair of the Beers criteria and co-lead of the US Deprescribing Research Network. We learned about: Why the hypothesis of reduced mortality in deprescribing was justified, based on natural decreases in blood pressure with aging, and the Partridge study, an observational study that found higher risks of mortality associated with using multiple anti-hypertensive and low blood pressure. Why mortality was chosen as the primary outcome. Is a negative superiority study the same as what they might have found in a non-inferiority study? (stay with us) Variation in outcome by frailty status How to place this study in context with other research, such as the Danton study mentioned on a recent podcast about deprescribing near the end of life. Dantos was a study of deprescribing for nursing home residents with dementia that was stopped early due to safety concerns. Other studies for context include Sprint, Optimize, and an observational study by Bocheng Jing (UCSF statistician in our group). At the end, we ask our guests to put it together. With all that we know at this point, what's a clinician to do? To deprescribe or not to deprescribe? And, zoot alors! I get to sing Hymne A L'amour in French! Athanase recounts the moving story of how Edith Piaf sang this song the night she learned the man she loved, Marcel Cerdan, died in a plane crash. -Alex Smith  

Harpreet Pall, MD, MBA, CPE, Chief Medical Officer at Hackensack Meridian Jersey Shore University Medical Center and K. Hovnanian Children's Hospital, discusses efforts to reduce clinical variation and strengthen multidisciplinary care coordination. He also shares leadership strategies for improving patient flow, quality, and team engagement across complex health systems.

Send a textAmazon listing optimization tips that increase conversion rate, improve product images, and raise average order value. We're talking about how to get more profitability and increase sales from your amazon product listing. Many sellers feel like they're just throwing money at ads without improving conversion rates, which is ineffective without a strong amazon listing. Learn how optimizing your amazon listing keyword optimization and improving your amazon seo ranking can make a real difference in your sales.If your Amazon listing is wasting ad spend and missing sales, get a full expert listing audit and find the exact fixes your product needs: https://bit.ly/4jMZtxu#AmazonListingOptimization #AmazonSellerTips #AmazonFBA #amazonmarketing --------------------------------------------------------------------------2026 Q1 Repeat Buyer Formula: https://bit.ly/47KJmOd2026 Amazon PPC Guide: https://bit.ly/4lF0OYXGrowth Email Marketing Strategies: https://hubs.ly/Q04457QF0Amazon Proft Margin Defense 2026: https://hubs.ly/Q042trRH0Amazon SEO Toolkit 2026: https://bit.ly/4oC2ClTAmazon Seller Strategy Report 2026: https://bit.ly/3YN1RME2026 Ecommerce Website & SEO Readiness Checklist: https://hubs.ly/Q040Jg0M0Amazon Crisis Kit: https://bit.ly/4maWHn0TIMESTAMPS00:00 Increasing profitability with listing optimization01:03 Why average order value matters for Amazon sellers02:17 AOV competitive gap audit explained04:00 Finding the right competitors to analyze04:51 Variation strategies to increase order value06:08 Real product examples using variation ladders09:05 Why increasing AOV changes your ad economics11:02 Understanding Amazon BSR and sales velocity12:05 Pricing ladder strategy using variations14:22 Parent child listings and variation structure18:04 Why basics matter more than shiny tactics20:47 What makes a strong Amazon main image23:42 Simple main image CTR strategy24:11 How secondary images improve conversions26:13 Example of poor listing design mistakes28:18 Showing product benefits clearly in images33:06 Getting main images approved on Amazon36:07 Using reviews to improve listing images40:04 Choosing the right secondary images by category43:00 Why video is becoming essential for listings45:24 Making wall art listings stand out48:37 How to schedule a listing audit call________________________________Follow us:LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/28605816/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/stevenpopemag/Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/myamazonguys/Twitter: https://twitter.com/myamazonguySubscribe to the My Amazon Guy podcast:My Amazon Guy podcast: https://podcast.myamazonguy.comApple Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/my-amazon-guy/id1501974229Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4A5ASHGGfr6s4wWNQIqyVwSupport the show

Send a textMitochondria in human evolution, climate adaptation, maternal genetics, aging, and disease.TOPICS DISCUSSED:Endosymbiotic theory: Mitochondria arose from oxidative bacteria engulfed by archaea-like hosts, confirmed by phylogenetic analysis.Maternal mtDNA inheritance: Mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother, not the father. There are adaptive reasons for this.Haplogroups & adaptation: Tropical lineages tightly couple energy production for efficiency; northern ones uncouple to generate heat.Heteroplasmy & aging: Mixed mutant and normal mitochondria accumulate in cells, eroding energy in high-demand tissues like brain and heart.Bioenergetics in disease: Many common conditions, from Parkinson's to cancer, stem from mitochondrial-nuclear interactions rather than nuclear genes alone.Ketogenic diets: High-fat intake fuels mitochondrial beta-oxidation, which may compensate for brain energy deficits in epilepsy and bipolar disorder.Warburg effect: Cancer cells shift to glycolysis to prioritize biosynthetic building blocks over maximal ATP production.Modern mismatches: Global travel pairs ancestral mtDNA with mismatched diets and climates, raising risks for metabolic dysfunction.ABOUT THE GUEST: Douglas Wallace, PhD is a geneticist and evolutionary biologist who has studied mitochondria for over 50 years. He currently directs the Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania.RELATED EPISODE:M&M 260 | Energy Resistance Principle in Life, Healing & Disease | Martin Picard & Nirosha MuruganSupport the showHealth Products by M&M Partners: SporesMD: Premium mushrooms products (gourmet mushrooms, nootropics, research). Use code 'nickjikomes' for 20% off. Lumen device: Optimize your metabolism for weight loss or athletic performance. MINDMATTER gets you 15% off. AquaTru: Water filtration devices that remove microplastics, metals, bacteria, and more from your drinking water. Through link, $100 off AquaTru Carafe, Classic & Under Sink Units; $300 off Freestanding models. Seed Oil Scout: Find restaurants with seed oil-free options, scan food products to see what they're hiding, with this easy-to-use mobile app. KetoCitra—Ketone body BHB + electrolytes formulated for kidney health. Use code MIND20 for 20% off any subscription (cancel anytime) For all the ways you can support my efforts

Pitvipers of the genus Bothrops are famed for their camouflage and for being deadly ambush predators. New insights from snake CCTV have revealed that these snakes can only really catch and eat animals who can't spot them hiding in the leaf litter, and it's bad news for our furry friends. Then we chat about a jazzy new species of newt described from central China.  Become a Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/herphighlights Merch: https://www.redbubble.com/people/herphighlights/shop Full reference list available here: http://www.herphighlights.podbean.com Main Paper References: Glaudas X, Souza ED, Schunck F, Banci K, Rojas A, Hingst‐Zaher E, Martins M. 2025. To be (cryptic) or not to be? Variation in detectability by prey explains the diet of an ambush predator. Oikos:e11906. DOI: 10.1002/oik.11906. Species of the Bi-Week: Li S, Shi S, Liu J, Luo Z, Wang J, Liao L, Wang Y, Gong R, Wu J, Wang B. 2026. Description of a new species of the Asian newt genus Tylototriton Anderson, 1871 (Urodela, Salamandridae) from central China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 102:181–197. DOI: 10.3897/zse.102.173283. Other Mentioned Papers/Studies: Wang B, Nishikawa K, Matsui M, Nguyen TQ, Xie F, Li C, Khatiwada JR, Zhang B, Gong D, Mo Y, Wei G, Chen X, Shen Y, Yang D, Xiong R, Jiang J. 2018. Phylogenetic surveys on the newt genus Tylototriton sensu lato (Salamandridae, Caudata) reveal cryptic diversity and novel diversification promoted by historical climatic shifts. PeerJ 6:e4384. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4384. Editing and Music: Intro/outro – Treehouse by Ed Nelson Species Bi-week theme – Michael Timothy Other Music – The Passion HiFi, https://www.thepassionhifi.com

Welcome to the WHOOP Research Series, where we breakdown into the extensive, scientific research conducted by the WHOOP Performance Science team. On this week's episode, WHOOP Global Head of Human Performance, Principal Scientist, Dr. Kristen Holmes sits down with WHOOP Senior Research Scientist Dr. Greg Grosicki to unpack the latest WHOOP Research Study on Heart Rate Variability Coefficient of Variation or HRV-CV. Using data from 21,000+ WHOOP members and 2 million nights of sleep, Dr. Holmes and Dr. Grosicki reveal why day-to-day stability in your HRV may matter more than the number itself. HRV-CV proves to outperform traditional metrics in detecting the real impact of alcohol, sleep consistency, and metabolic health, making it a great measure of healthspan. By looking deeper into the study, Dr. Holmes and Dr. Grosicki explains how HRV-CV can help you program your training smarter, improve your healthspan and build autonomic resilience. This episode unpacks how measuring HRV-CV isn't just about performance, but risk stratification and understanding your physiology over-time, not just day-to-day. (01:11) Intro To The Study: Why Is HRV-CV Important? (04:09) HRV-CV and Risk Stratification(08:28) Definition of HRV-CV(11:40) What HRV-CV Indicates in Athlete Recovery(14:26) Breaking Down The WHOOP Study(17:13) HRV-CV Trends in Shift Workers(21:21) Why Is HRV-CV an Important Biomarker?(25:18) HRV-CV Trends in Individuals on GLP-1 Medications(26:29) The Weather vs. The Climate: HRV vs. HRV-CV(33:41) The Results: Breaking Down the Data(36:37) How HRV-CV Responds to Certain Behaviors(39:38) Trends Between HRV-CV Between Age, Biological Sex, and Body Mass Index(49:54) How To Improve HRV-CV(56:39) New Research Roles and Opportunities at WHOOPReferences:American Journal of Physiology PublicationHRV-CV: The Key Metric for Lifestyle Consistency and StabilitySupport the showFollow WHOOP: Sign up for WHOOP Advanced Labs Trial WHOOP for Free www.whoop.com Instagram TikTok YouTube X Facebook LinkedIn Follow Will Ahmed: Instagram X LinkedIn Follow Kristen Holmes: Instagram LinkedIn Follow Emily Capodilupo: LinkedIn

【主播的话】1936年，在风雨飘摇的上海，鲁迅因病去世，享年55岁。2026年，是鲁迅逝世九十周年。差不多整整一个世纪过去了，鲁迅却并未远去——他依然深深存在于当代中国人的精神生活之中，存在于我们的语言、记忆与时代观念里。在中国出生长大的人，对鲁迅几乎都不会陌生。他的作品是小学课本里的重点篇目，直到今天，我们也许仍然能够熟练背出其中许多段落：从《从百草园到三味书屋》到《阿Q正传》，从《狂人日记》到《祝福》……鲁迅的文学成就不仅是中国现代文学史上的一座丰碑，在世界文学史与思想史的坐标中，也占据着不可忽视的一席之地。似乎谁都能就着鲁迅聊上几句，但又很难有谁能够真的说清、说尽——鲁迅到底是谁？他留给我们的遗产，到底是什么？“在所有二十世纪中国作家中，鲁迅无疑最具有世界语境中的对话、批评与阐释价值。”纽约大学教授张旭东这样写道。张旭东本人的学术生涯，也与鲁迅密不可分。可以说，鲁迅贯穿了他三十余年的研究道路。上世纪八十年代，他从北京大学中文系毕业后，赴美留学，师从著名左翼理论家詹明信（Fredric Jameson），并逐渐成长为当代海内外最重要的中国现代思想与文学的研究者之一。他任教于纽约大学，曾先后担任东亚系系主任、中国中心主任。他是现代性批判传统的重要继承者，也是少数真正能打通中文思想界与英文理论界的桥梁。早在八十年代“文化热”的语境中，张旭东便开始写作关于鲁迅的文章，也是较早将鲁迅置于国际理论视野、与世界经验对接的学者之一。在学术上功成名就之后，他又将研究的重心重新转回鲁迅，开始写作极富野心的《鲁迅三部曲》。目前第一部《杂文的自觉——鲁迅文学的“第二次诞生”》已经出版。而这部作品的成书过程，也贯穿了他在疫情期间纽约封城中的经历。给这些看似属于历史的研究，加入了当下的维度。在鲁迅逝世九十周年之际，如果要重新追问，鲁迅我们今天为什么仍然需要鲁迅？他究竟如何穿越时代？恐怕很少有人比张旭东更合适来展开这场对话。【本期主播】王磬：微博@王磬【本期嘉宾】张旭东：纽约大学比较文学系和东亚研究系教授、东亚系系主任、国际批评理论中心主任，兼任北京大学、华东师范大学、东京大学访问教授。研究方向包括鲁迅研究、黑格尔美学及比较文学方法论等。【本期剧透】02:45 鲁迅去世 90 周年，为什么今天还要读鲁迅？07:25 与真实的关联：鲁迅的语言不允许他说谎09:55 博物学式的写作起点15:05 被引作纽约市长的赠言，鲁迅如何跨越时空23:15 金句化与鲁迅体：毒舌≠鲁迅30:00 从周氏兄弟理解中国现代散文的分叉36:10 为什么我们总读鲁迅：中国人曾有过的一种真实，是无法割舍的41:55 不谈文学第一性，就无法谈鲁迅47:56 杂文是什么？为何是鲁迅文学的中心？55:36 阅读鲁迅的第二个 100 年：如何看待其世界性？它只能是一种民族寓言吗？01:04:30 艺术的终结之后，现代社会需要怎样的文学01:10:40 如果鲁迅活到了今天，会是怎样的存在？【相关阅读】杂文的自觉：鲁迅文学的“第二次诞生” : 1924—1927作者：张旭东出版年份：2023本书为张旭东“鲁迅三部曲”首卷，分析鲁迅文学在1924—1927年间如何以“杂文的自觉”为标志从而“成为自己”。作者表明，此期间鲁迅文学所面对的空前的外部挑战和内部压力，带来一系列深刻且不可逆的风格史及文学原理意义上的选择、决定和突变。通过作者论、文本分析与理论阐释相结合的总体批评方法，本书探讨以文体混合和写作的政治本体论为核心的鲁迅杂文句法和现象学结构。结论是：有必要在新文学和近代世界文学的历史与价值论范畴，在“艺术的终结”的哲学命题层面，去分析和把握杂文这一高于“纯文学”建制及其意识形态的文体实验与风格运动。【本期音乐】Goldberg Variations, BWV. 988 - Variation 7【节目制作】方改则【Logo设计】刘刘（ins: imjanuary)【互动方式】小红书@不合时宜微博@不合时宜TheWeirdo商务合作可发邮件至 hibuheshiyi@126.com 或微博私信会员计划咨询可添加微信：hibuheshiyi3 或发送邮件至 hibuhehsiyi@gmail.com

Does water on a hen make it more susceptible to predation? In this episode, we comb through the literature on olfactory camouflage, dissecting studies assessing correlations between nest survival, weather, and environmental conditions, and divulging into the complicated web of ecology dynamics. Strap on your science boots for this one, it's gonna be dense… Research papers referenced: Bakner, N. W., et al.  (2019). Incubation recess behaviors influence nest survival of Wild Turkeys. Ecology and Evolution, 9(24), 14053-14065. Boone, W. W., et al. (2024). Robust assessment of associations between weather and eastern wild turkey nest success. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 88(2), e22524. Braun, M. S., et al. (2018). Birds, feather-degrading bacteria and preen glands: the antimicrobial activity of preen gland secretions from turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) is amplified by keratinase. FEMS microbiology ecology, 94(9), fiy117. Conover, M. R. (2007). Predator-prey dynamics: the role of olfaction. CRC Press. Fluen, T. (2008). A comparative analysis of evolutionary changes in island birds. MSc Thesis, University of Canterbury, Christchurch. Grieves, L. A., et al. (2020). Food stress, but not experimental exposure to mercury, affects songbird preen oil composition. Ecotoxicology, 29, 275-285. Grieves, L. A., et al. (2022). Olfactory camouflage and communication in birds. Biological Reviews, 97(3), 1193-1209. Lehman, C. P., et al. (2010). Ground roost resource selection for Merriam's wild turkeys. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 74(2), 295-299. Lowrey, D. K., et al. (2001). Influences of selected weather variables on predation of wild turkey females and nest success. In Proceedings of the National Wild Turkey Symposium (Vol. 8, pp. 173-178). Potier, S., et al. (2018). Preen oil chemical composition encodes individuality, seasonal variation and kinship in black kites Milvus migrans. Journal of Avian Biology, 49(7), e01728. Reneerkens, J., et al. (2002). Sandpipers (Scolopacidae) switch from monoester to diester preen waxes during courtship and incubation, but why?. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 269(1505), 2135-2139. Reneerkens, J., et al. (2005). Switch to diester preen waxes may reduce avian nest predation by mammalian predators using olfactory cues. Journal of Experimental Biology, 208(22), 4199-4202. Reneerkens, J., et al. (2006). Discerning adaptive value of seasonal variation in preen waxes: comparative and experimental approaches. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 52, 272-275. Reneerkens, J., et al. (2007a). Parental role division predicts avian preen wax cycles. Ibis, 149(4), 721-729. Tuttle, E. M.,et al. (2014). Variation in preen oil composition pertaining to season,sex, and genotype in the polymorphic white-throated sparrow.Journal of ChemicalEcology40, 1025–1038. Whelan, R. J., et al. (2010). Short-chain carboxylic acids from gray catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) uropygial secretions vary with testosterone levels and photoperiod. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 156(3), 183-188. Webb, S. L., et al. (2012). Landscape features and weather influence nest survival of a ground-nesting bird of conservation concern, the greater sage-grouse, in human-altered environments. Ecological Processes, 1, 1-15. Episodes referenced: Effectiveness of trapping across game bird species | #08 Which vital rates are most important to turkey populations? | #13 Brooding and nesting cover (Part 1/2) | #29 Brooding and nesting cover (Part 2/2) | #30   Our lab is primarily funded by donations. If you would like to help support our work, please donate here: http://UFgive.to/UFGameLab   Coming Soon: Wild Turkey Manager: Biology, History, & Heritage! Our newest online wild turkey training is launching soon! Be the first to know when our new course launches by signing up here!   Be sure to check out our comprehensive online wild turkey course featuring experts across multiple institutions that specialize in habitat management and population management for wild turkeys. Earn up to 20.5 CFE hours! Enroll Now!    Dr. Marcus Lashley @DrDisturbance, Publications Dr. Will Gulsby @dr_will_gulsby, Publications Turkeys for Tomorrow @turkeysfortomorrow  UF Game Lab @ufgamelab, YouTube   Want to help wild turkey conservation? Please take our quick survey to take part in our research!   Do you have a topic you'd like us to cover? Leave us a review or send us an email at wildturkeyscience@gmail.com!   Watch these podcasts on YouTube   Please help us by taking our (quick) listener survey - Thank you!    Check out the DrDisturbance YouTube channel! DrDisturbance YouTube   Want to help support the podcast? Our friends at Grounded Brand have an option to donate directly to Wild Turkey Science at checkout. Thank you in advance for your support!   Leave a podcast rating for a chance to win free gear!   This podcast is made possible by Turkeys for Tomorrow, a grassroots organization dedicated to the wild turkey. To learn more about TFT, go to turkeysfortomorrow.org.    Music by Artlist.io Produced & edited by Charlotte Nowak