Podcast appearances and mentions of alex lu

Sexy times turn smutty when Lois and Cl-- I mean, SUPERMAN are caught in flagrante by Downtown Julie Brown! Romcomathon's Alex and Kat are forced once again to venture to 90s Metropolis to talk fake country names, mirror science, and more. Check out their wonderful podcast, Romcomathon, wherever you get your podcasts.

Youth is lost, apartments are attained, and candles are feared! Romcomathon's Alex Lu and Kat Jiang stop by to talk all things brutal and youthful. Check out their wonderful podcast, Romcomathon, wherever you get your podcasts.

Alex Lu, Analyst at Morgans, discusses Endeavour Group (ASX:EDV), an addition to our Morgans Best Ideas (October 2021). Check out more from Morgans: Visit the Morgans website: www.morgans.com.au Check out our blog: www.morgans.com.au/Blog On Facebook: www.facebook.com/MorgansAU On Instagram: www.instagram.com/Morgans.Australia On Twitter: twitter.com/MorgansAU #ASX #Stocks #Retail

Move away from your electronic devices and gather around the playing table to engage in Alex Lu's board game, Dogs Bond. Alex Lu created Dogs Bond for several reasons. One, is for the multi-cultural experience, while another reason is to change the conversation we have regarding animal shelters and animal adoptions. But his ultimate goal and mission is to provide a positive outcome for dogs in animal shelters to find their forever happy home. Adopt Dogs Bond to your family playing table and save a dog.

Updates on the building collapse in South Florida My interview with Alex Lu who is the creator of DogsBondGame.com that helps rescued and sheltered pets Talk about how Bubba The Love Sponge asked his on air employees to tell him the three things they hate about the BRN and no one brought it except Blitz Plus a cop had to shoot a chimpanzee after bit it’s owner All voicemails are welcomed even the ones that say I suck because they’ll go right to the front of the line 407-270-3044 and I promise all calls are anonymous Donate to help upgrade equipment for my podcast PayPal.me/tuddleOnTheRadio EMAIL tuddle@Gmail.com WEBSITES tuddle.net YOUTUBE YouTube.com/tuddle PODCAST PLATFORMS Podomatic tuddle.Podomatic.com TuneIn Radio http://tun.in/pjOR7 iTunes Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-tuddle-podcast/id1501964749 iHeartRadio https://www.iheart.com/podcast/269-the-tuddle-podcast-59498985?cmp=ios_share&sc=ios_social_share&pr=false&autoplay=true Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/1ZHRedrnxvAX4CnAFybSJe?si=D1Juw7NuSIqIXVWbMsj99Q 315 Live https://315live.com/category/tuddle/ SOCIAL MEDIA Twitter.com/tuddle YouTube.com/tuddle Facebook.com/tuddle Instagram.com/tuddle LinkedIn.com/in/tuddle TikTok.com/@tuddleOnTheRadio https://www.reddit.com/r/Tuddle/

Episode 24 Alex Lu Rescue DogsBond Board Game and Family by A-Z with Mona P.

I had the honor of chatting with Alex Lu who has extensive work with Silicon Valley, Chicago and Southern California based clients, and has been a Program and Project Manager for 15+ years at Fortune 500 companies. Alex Lu who is also a Game Designer of the game: Dogs BOND, which is a board game where players become rescue dogs, and compete for attributes that will help them in finding their forever homes. He's raised over $30,000 so far and is partnering with real life animal shelters. Dogs BOND is Alex's first board game design; bringing Fortune 100 Program Management to the project. Now he dreams of developing the BOND gaming system into other genres. As one of the few Asian-American game designers, he also hopes to bring hobby and community together. The Game: www.dogsbondgame.com  Kickstarter: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/dogsbondgame/dogs-bond Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/alu.freelancer.9  LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/alupon For ALL things Successful Diligence: https://linktr.ee/shelmy_life  The BOOK IS HERE! The Pebble in My Shoe: Live in the Power of Attention, Take Back Your Power & Live in a Better Way – On Amazon in both Kindle version and Paperback versions > https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LZZKZGZ ~ For a SIGNED COPY click here: https://successfuldiligence.ck.page/products/signed-copy-of-book As always we appreciate your support! ***Every penny helps… $.99 a MONTH(99 Cents!) really does help and make a difference! https://anchor.fm/successfuldiligence/support OR https://www.buymeacoffee.com/diligence ~ Thank you for listening and sharing! Sign up for the Successful Diligence™ Newsletter so you never miss a thing! https://successfuldiligence.ck.page/ There are lots of new opportunities to interact with the Successful Diligence Community and some content is ONLY released via the Newsletter – So don’t miss out!! Podcast listeners get 50% off ALL paid courses available in the school: https://successful-diligence.teachable.com (Code: Podcast50) Copyright © 2021 Successful Diligence™, LLC All rights reserved. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/successfuldiligence/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/successfuldiligence/support

We sniff out the best ways to bond with your dog before we chat with Alex Lu, the creator of an amazing new board game called Dogs BOND. In Dogs BOND, the players are shelter dogs gaining points and skills in hopes of being adopted into their forever home! Find out more and pre-order your copy at https://www.dogsbondgame.com

On today’s episode of the Hello C.S. Dorsey Podcast, I am chatting with Alex Lu. Alex is the creator of “Dogs BOND”. Dogs BOND is a board game for 2-6 players, ages 10+. The story has players become rescue dogs finding their ways to getting adopted into forever homes. Alex chats with us about Dogs BOND including his inspiration behind the game and even shares some advice for you if you have a dream or a goal. Be sure to tune in!Check out the show notes below for more information including links and resources mentioned in this episode!Thanks for listening! Connect with me on Instagram at: @csdorsey_hello SHOW NOTES: https://www.hellocsdorsey.com/podcast/episode96 WANT TO START A PODCAST?Grab a copy of my Jump Start Your Podcast Guide.

Alex Lu, Analyst at Morgans, discusses Reliance Worldwide Corporation (ASX:RWC), an addition to our Morgans Best Ideas (May 2021). Check out more from Morgans: Visit the Morgans website: www.morgans.com.au Check out our blog: www.morgans.com.au/Blog On Facebook: www.facebook.com/MorgansAU On Instagram: www.instagram.com/Morgans.Australia On Twitter: twitter.com/MorgansAU

In this week’s episode of Board Gaming with Education, Dustin is joined by Alex Lu to talk about what the player's experience is all about. We talk about this from both the perspective of the player and the perspective of the designer. We discuss topics such as inclusion and representation in games, what to look out for as a parent or educator on what games to pick up, and what designers should consider when designing for the player's experience. Be sure to subscribe to our YouTube channel to get more content from Board Gaming with Education! Episode Topics (timestamps are for podcast episode | video time stamps are available on YouTube) Board Gaming with Education Introduction: Board Games for Learning at BGE - 00:00 Who is Alex Lu? - 1:42 Framing the Discussion: The Player's Experience - 3:19 A Game for Kids and Adults - 8:52 Playtesting and Inclusion - 11:37 Dustin Challenges Alex to a Game of 5-Second Rule - 20:23 Check out our board game store for a curated collection of board games for learning at home and in the classroom: https://www.boardgamingwitheducation.com   Thank you to Purple Planet Music for the wonderful contribution of their song "Retro Gamer" for our Interview Segment. This song can be found in full on this music archive. Also, thank you to Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) for his creative commons 4.0 contribution of "Getting it Done" for our Thumbs Up, Thumbs Down Rapid Fire Round. Always be sure to check out our show notes (website blog post) to read a recap of the episode topics and games mentioned in the episode. https://www.boardgamingwitheducation.com/alex-lu

Alex Lu joins the show talking about creating his passion project Dogs Bond Game and hope it is helping all the Animal Shelters create funding around the United States. He talks about the development of this project through crowd funding, how direct fulfillment is helping the shelters carry zero inventories for the Dog Bond games, and how the profits go directly back to the shelters.   Alex Lu  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/dogsbondgame IG: @dogsbondgame www.dogbondsgame.com     WANT MERCH? GO VISIT OUR STORES TODAY!   www.etsy.com/shop/chbrandsltd   For any speaking engagements please visit the link below.   www.thechadmsmith.com              Go visit iTunes, iHeart Radio, Amazon Music, and Spotify today!

Diamond Sade sits down with Alex Lu to discuss his journey in creating "A Dogs Bond" board game.  --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/nahledgenpettiness/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/nahledgenpettiness/support

The pandemic has short-circuited our social lives and (perhaps) intensified our dog obsession. Today, we speak with folks who can help us cope. But first ... Steve Dale – Certified Animal Behavior Consultant Major Biden has bitten again! What's going on here? Is President Biden's rescue German Shepherd just a "bad dog?" To find out, we check in with Steve Dale for some insight. As fans of his long-time syndicated radio show know, he always has great advice. The TV host and Certified Animal Behavior Consultant delivers some reassurance and love.  Dogs BOND – Alex Lu Can Silicon Valley management principles undergird a family board game? Alex Lu thought so. Dogs BOND is his new game that promises to get all dog-loving friends and family off their screens. The premise? You become a shelter dog searching for their forever family. Cue the strategy, the good feels ... and the real-life donations made to rescue shelter partners. A win-win-win segment, for sure! The A.I. Dog Detector from Ryder Calm Down Wanting more and more dog in his life, Ryder Damen coded a dog detector for his home. What's a dog detector, you wonder? It's a clever AI that uses machine learning to detect and notify you ... when a dog walks by your front door. And because Ryder's online presence aims to "make the internet weirder" and "help people get involved with tech" ... he will give you the code, free, and show you how to make your very own dog detector. Weird, sure ... and wonderful! The Hydrant Pam and Jim stop by the hydrant to sniff out the latest dog gossip, innuendo, jokes, and notes. This week, a Russian dog resorts to thievery to get the attention he richly deserves. Chapters 2:46 Major Biden Bites Again! 4:50 Could this Call for a Trip to the Vet? 5:58 Anxiety is a factor. 6:49 President Biden Seems Surprised. 7:27 Some Simple Solutions 9:51 Dogs Bond Board Game 12:35 Alex Lu's Lifelong Commitment to Shelter Dogs 13:44 A Game for Dog Lovers and Gamers 15:45 AI Dog Detector 19:46 The Dog Detector has been Repurposed. 20:57 The Hydrant Segment – Stories We Sniffed Out from Around the Hydrant 22:20 Coming Up on the Next Episode About Steve Dale Steve Dale is a certified animal behavior specialist who has been a trusted voice in the world of pet health for over 20 years. You have likely heard him on the radio, seen him on TV, read him in print and online, and watched him speaking at events around the world. His contributions to advancing pet wellness have earned him many awards and recognition around the globe. https://stevedalepetworld.com/ https://www.avma.org/events/national-dog-bite-prevention-week https://twitter.com/stevedalepets?s=20 About Dogs Bond – Alex Lu Alex is originally from San Francisco, CA and has worked as a Management Consultant and Program Manager for Silicon Valley tech companies for the past 15+ years. Alex's game, Dogs BOND, was started to create a non-screen oriented experience for friends and family. The results were so fun that he decided to make a real game for everyone to use. Alex wants to bring dog-people to boardgames and boardgamers to dog rescues. Infusing the story of a rescue journey into a joyful, whimsical, and hopeful message, Alex hopes that this game will bring both people and dogs together in the real world. https://www.dogsbondgame.com/ Ryder Calm Down – Ryder Damen Ryder Damen is a YouTuber and software engineer. He likes to “make things and connect them to the internet so they can be controlled.” His channel is dedicated to helping the rest of us understand and get involved with tech … and to making the internet weirder and more wonderful. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCbXbBT_E0hIbnWRF5LQEE1Q https://github.com/rydercalmdown https://rydercalmdown.com/ Here's What We Found at The Hydrant Dog Steals Microphone from a Russian Reporter https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eCB3Hk7gd64

On this episode of the niche Jeremy and Ed Talk to board game designer Alex lu about What its like to create a board game. We learn all about his game dogs bond and its awesome message about animal adoptions and bonding with your dogs! This is a great episode you don't want to miss! Connect with dogs bond: website: http://www.dogsbondgame.com/ Email: info@dogsbondgame.com Kickstarter: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/dogsbondgame/dogs-bond?ref=nav_search&result=project&term=Dog%27s%20bond%20board --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/nerdyniche/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/nerdyniche/support

In this episode, host Nalin talks with Alex Lu, creator of Dogs BOND, a family board game about rescuing dogs that promotes dog adoption. Perfect for all dog lovers out there. He talks about how he prepared for launch, where did he find his audience, and how he kept engagement and excitement up during the live campaign days.   We discuss: [01:22]: Alex tells us about him and about where the inspiration came from for his first game “Dogs BOND”, which goal is to be a game that includes the whole family, and raises awareness about dog adoption. [05:34]: How Alex chose the dog breeds he included in the game, and how diversity is also something that he also took into consideration when creating his characters. [09:35]: While Alex looked for and found his audience, and how he partnered with animal shelters to create more conversations about the importance of adoption, as a way to promote his game and his awareness message further. [17:56]: Alex talks about how he created his first game prototype for his team to try out, all the way to how launch day went. [23:37]: How Alex kept being proactive during the 30 days of the campaign, and how he engaged with his audience and included their suggestions on the game. [26:45]: The main advice Alex has for first-time creators is to do the incredible amount of work there is to be done before launch, but also be prepared to jump into a live campaign knowing your campaign won’t be completely perfect. [30:09]: How to approach and help first-time backers who are not used to crowdfunding platforms. [32:59]: For Alex, the knowledge of when his project would be ready to launch depended on the dates he knew would work better for his audience and niche, and working backward starting from that point to build everything needed to be ready for launch. [36:00]: How you can get a copy of Dogs BOND! [37:11]: Alex used pre-launch emails and messages to educate the audience on the importance of early backing for the complete success of a project. And he did the prep ahead of time by having many of the live-campaign messages pre-written for when they got to their funding goals.   Thanks for listening to the Board Game Marketing Podcast! Dogs BOND campaign on Kickstarter Dogs BOND  Website Dogs BOND on Facebook Dogs BOND on Instagram Dogs BOND on Twitter For more information on how to market your game, be sure to check out the Meeple Marketing Blog.

#0037 Want to know what it takes to run a successful Kickstarter Campaign?Well, today's guest, Alex Lu has already done it.Alex set out to raise $20k for his new board game, Dogs Bond Game, and completely crushed that goal!Alex ended up raising over $30k for his project and is here to share with us how he was able to do it.In this episode we'll be covering:What Dogs Bond Game isWhy he decided fund the project using KickstarterHow he was able to run a successful campaignMake sure you visit the Episode 37 show notes page for all the links transcripts, and learn how you can pre-order your own copy of Dogs Bond Game (or just back the project if you'd like).

In this BGDL community spotlight episode, Alex Lu, designer of Dogs Bond, discusses how to implement interchangeable win conditions in a game. The post BGDL Community Spotlight – Interchangeable Win Conditions with Alex Lu appeared first on Board Game Design Lab.

Alex Lu is a game designer who is about to launch his first board game design: Dogs BOND bringing the fortune 100 project management to the project.Now he dreams of developing the BOND gaming system into other genres. As one of the few Asian-American game designers, he also hopes to bring hobbies and communities together.Subjects covered in this episode

Alex Lu is a game designer who is about to launch his first board game design: Dogs BOND bringing the fortune 100 project management to the project. Now he dreams of developing the BOND gaming system into other genres. As one of the few Asian-American game designers, he also hopes to bring hobbies and communities together. Subjects covered in this episode

We hear so much about self-publishing books, but how often do we hear about self-publishing board games! Inspired by his love of dogs and board games, Alex Lu, passionately pursued the development of his very own board game: Dogs BOND(pre-order it, we'll put the link below for you!). How exactly do you self-publish a board game? Well, it all starts with the story and knowing your audience. Lu will share with us the exact steps he took to development and inspire you to try it out too. Get yours now: https://www.dogsbondgame.com/

In this episode I had the pleasure of chatting with all 3 people that brought Dogs BOND to life on Kickstarter earlier this year. We talk about the great diversity presented in their game, the video creation process, and some of the anxiety of launching a Kickstarter during a worldwide pandemic! Want to see the campaign, check it out HERE. Want to look into ordering a copy, check it out HERE. To learn more about FunDaMental Games feel free to visit www.thefundamentalgames.com Introduction Music provided by: https://www.purple-planet.com Voice introduction by Marilena D.

Alex Lu updates the Morgans network with his Industrials sector pre-reporting season summary. Check out more from Morgans: Visit the Morgans website: www.morgans.com.au Check out our blog: www.morgans.com.au/Blog On Facebook: www.facebook.com/MorgansAU On Instagram: www.instagram.com/Morgans.Australia On Twitter: twitter.com/MorgansAU

We talk location, location, location, and how it may or may affect publishing. Micro vs. macro losses when it comes to the damage done by COVID to New York City. Alex provides a great explanation of how to deliver notes to creators and how his time at The Beat informed his editing approach. There's also some Moon Knight appreciation.

Morgans Analyst Alex Lu details his latest perspective on the Industrials Sector, covering his key picks including Amcor (ASX:AMC), Brambles (ASX:BXB), Invocare (ASX:IVC), Coles (ASX:COL), Woolworths (ASX:WOW), PWR Holdings (ASX:PWH) and Acrow Formwork and Construction Services (ASX:ACF). Check out more from Morgans: Visit the Morgans website: www.morgans.com.au Check out our blog: www.morgans.com.au/Blog On Facebook: www.facebook.com/MorgansAU On Instagram: www.instagram.com/morgans.australia On Twitter: twitter.com/morgansAU #Industrials #Stocks #Finance

Alex Lu, Analyst at Morgans, discusses Amcor (ASX:AMC), an addition to our Morgans Best Ideas (October 2020).

Alex Lu, Analyst at Morgans, discusses Coles (ASX:COL) an addition to our Morgans Best Ideas (October 2020).

Alex Lu, Analyst at Morgans, discusses Amcor (ASX:AMC), an addition to our Morgans Best Ideas (October 2020).

Alex Lu, Analyst at Morgans, discusses PWR Holdings (ASX:PWH), an addition to our Morgans Best Ideas (October 2020).

Morgans Research Analyst Alex Lu discusses Woolworths (ASX:WOW) trading update and their supply chain investment.

Morgans Research Analyst Alex Lu shares an update on Amcor with the network.

Morgans Research Analyst Alex Lu shares an update on Amcor with the network.

Crowd-funded murder and mayhem arrives in the form of Crowded #1, a series about a woman who finds that the internet have funded an assassin to kill her. Her response? Hire a bodyguard to defend her! Chaos, obviously, ensues, and this week Matt is rejoined by Alex Lu to talk all about it!

Alex Lu, Analyst at Morgans, discusses Coles (ASX:COL), a new addition to our Morgans Best Ideas (April 2019). Our complete list is available here: bit.ly/BestIdeasApril2020

This week we look at the effortlessly wonderful Daytripper #1 by brothers Fábio Moon and Gabriel Bá, which follows the life - and death - of an obituary writer in Brazil. Heavy stuff, but told in a wonderful and captivating way - and The Beat's Alex Lu joins Matt to take a look back over the issue!

Direct from the Doing Business In China & Chinese International Import Expo debrief at KPMG Australia, learn how to engage a domestic and international market with from Chris McKiernan, International Sales Manager for ViPlus Dairy Pty. Ltd.2018 was the first annual CIIE - 3,617 exhibitors from 151 countries, 220 Fortune 500 Global companies, 400,000+ domestic and 6,000+ overseas buyers, with 37 provincial purchasing delegations.This Interview produced by Bravo Charlie | http://bravocharlie.tvBravo Charlie specialise in targeted video communication for impact investors and their portfolios: companies at a tipping point, with strong offerings, ready to launch into the next stage of their greatness.Chris would like to thank the Bastion Collective, Dairy Australia Victoria, the Australian Government Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Stephen Baud, LF Asia Indonesia, DCH Auriga Singapore and Thailand, Michael D Zhang (DEDJTR), Jasmine Lu and Trade Asia.For the event itself, thank you to the array of individuals that presented, who are doing the work to develop more effective trade relations for our nations.Dr Chuyang Liu, 陆思宇 (Alex Lu), Paul Stagg, George Di Scala, Peter Liddell, Sheridan Wright and Sheryl Soon.Thanks as usual to the Australia China Business Council team for putting this on, Virginia Birrell (MC), Madison Cahill, Isabel Stewart, Hugh Congleton and great to catchup with James Scullin 孙正途, host of the China Path Podcast which you can listen to via https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast...#CIIE #Trade #Experience #Learning #DairyThis Interview produced by Bravo Charlie | http://bravocharlie.tvBravo Charlie specialise in targeted video communication for impact investors and their portfolios: companies at a tipping point, with strong offerings, ready to launch into the next stage of their greatness.We support visionary CEOs and executives, by crafting content and implementing systems that engage stakeholders and amplify returns.Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/SmarterImpact)

Join me from the Doing Business In China & Chinese International Import Expo debrief at KPMG Australia, and get the inside word from a 99 year old beauty dynasty, with Sheridan Wright, Export Manager of Natio Australia."The best beauty tools you can have are self respect and a positive mind" - Max Ross, Owner of Natio Enjoying the video?  Please give it a like, press share and leave a comment - it really inspires me to keep making them for you!2018 was the first annual CIIE - 3,617 exhibitors from 151 countries, 220 Fortune 500 Global companies, 400,000+ domestic and 6,000+ overseas buyers, with 37 provincial purchasing delegations.Sheridan would like to thank Australia Post, Global Victoria, the Australia China Business Council and Health More PTY LTD for their support.Thank you to the array of individuals that presented at the event:Dr Chuyang Liu, 陆思宇 (Alex Lu), Paul Stagg, George Di Scala, Peter Liddell, Chris McKiernan and Sheryl Soon.Thanks as usual to the ACBC team for putting this on - Virginia Birrell (MC), Madison Cahill, Isabel Stewart, Hugh Congleton and great to catchup with James Scullin 孙正途, host of the China Path Podcast which you can listen to via https://lnkd.in/ftx-pY2#professionalwomen #digitalmarketing #bestadvice #entrepreneurship #businessThis Interview produced by Bravo Charlie | http://bravocharlie.tvBravo Charlie specialise in targeted video communication for impact investors and their portfolios: companies at a tipping point, with strong offerings, ready to launch into the next stage of their greatness.We support visionary CEOs and executives, by crafting content and implementing systems that engage stakeholders and amplify returns.This Interview produced by Bravo Charlie | http://bravocharlie.tvBravo Charlie specialise in targeted video communication for impact investors and their portfolios: companies at a tipping point, with strong offerings, ready to launch into the next stage of their greatness.Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/SmarterImpact)

Move over Gordon Gecko. Your time is up! Well perhaps we aren't that close yet – but the power of AI machine learning is making its mark in the trading and investing world with artificial intelligence guided, machine market analysis. Humans are fallible. We need sleep. We need to eat. We can only process so much information at once. Every day investment professionals are examining the markets, hoping to strike when and where it is right. Now, enter, Kavout, a company using AI technology to solve a lot of these problems. Founder & CEO of Kavout, Alex Lu, believes there is huge potential for AI in finance. With their AI model, Kai, they are using deep learning and quantitative analysis to provide solutions in this arena. The computers take all fundamental data, present data and news, and analyze all the information in real time for traders. The robots recognize patterns and trends and simulate the human process. Human traders are essentially consuming and digesting information on a daily basis. They analyze and categorize it. Deep learning models can do the very same thing, minus emotion and biased opinions, not to mention, they can run in real-time 24/27. Commenting in an official corporate announcement, Kavout's CEO and co-founder Alex Lu said: “Today, Goldman Sachs has more engineers than Facebook. None of this is a coincidence. The big players know that there is much more to be gained in the markets by investing in artificial intelligence and machine learning. Our aim is to make those technologies available to all investors.” – Alex Lu (source: LinkedIn) For more information, visit: https://www.kavout.com/

美国大使馆的教育专员Alex Lu多年从事国际教育交流工作，自己也曾两次到国外的大学里工作和学习。他在EducationUSA负责家长俱乐部，帮助准备到美国留学学生的家长们互相学习和帮助，从而帮助学生们顺利出国留学。这期，我们主要谈论EducationUSA的家长俱乐部提供什么方面的帮助？美国教育好在哪里？希望Alex的分享能给您带来些有用的信息。下一期我们将从美国大学里招生官的角度来看看他们都是怎样来选择和录取学生的。期待下期与您再见!欢迎留言您的所思所想。想获取更多这方面的信息，也请关注我的微信公众号：zhongmeishangye，Michelle漫谈中美商业。

美国大使馆的教育专员Alex Lu多年从事国际教育交流工作，自己也曾两次到国外的大学里工作和学习。他在EducationUSA负责家长俱乐部，帮助准备到美国留学学生的家长们互相学习和帮助，从而帮助学生们顺利出国留学。这期，我们主要谈论EducationUSA的家长俱乐部提供什么方面的帮助？美国教育好在哪里？希望Alex的分享能给您带来些有用的信息。下一期我们将从美国大学里招生官的角度来看看他们都是怎样来选择和录取学生的。期待下期与您再见!欢迎留言您的所思所想。想获取更多这方面的信息，也请关注我的微信公众号：zhongmeishangye，Michelle漫谈中美商业。

The Chinese New Year in 2018 is right at the corner on Feb 16, and how would businesses in China celebrate this holiday and how is it going to impact your business? China is a big country, what different social customs and habits do people have from different regions in China? In this episode Michelle Zou and Alex Lu will share with you how global and local companies in China run their rhythm of business accordingly to the Chinese traditions and holidays, and what you want to know about the sub-cultures inside China. Knowing these basics will help you be more effective in communicating with Chinese and running your business.2月16日是中国的农历新年，中国的企业如何庆祝这个节日，以及它将如何影响你的生意？中国是一个大国，不同地区的人有什么不同的社会习俗和习惯？在本期节目中，Michelle Zou和Alex Lu将与大家分享中国本土企业如何按照中国的传统和节日来经营自己的业务，以及你应该了解的中国国内的亚文化。掌握这些基础知识将有助于你更有效地与中国人沟通和经营你的企业。Alex Lu is VP of International Business Development for Mitek Corporation, a US audio manufacturer for both consumer and commercial markets around the world. With his well-versed knowledge of and respect to the local cultures, he has successfully established and grown business for American retail and manufacturing companies. Alex has over 30 years' experience working with both American and Asian customers and partners, he has deep understanding of diverse cultures, and is an expert in cross-culture communications.

QQ群：39319649 获每日推送、讲师答疑、自我提升 微信号：shilipai1234 回复微信号，获专属服务小助手，入群开启成长道路 你能够区别销售与谈判的区别和联系吗？ 你能够有效识别客户的谈判战术吗？ 你能够有效回应对方的谈判战略，从而识招拆招吗？ 都说只有能够看破对方的招法， 才能够针对性地进行破解。 世界500强公司高级销售培训经理——Alex Lu 陆意程老师与实力派携手打造销售谈判系列课，本次为第一课。 教你识别客户谈判策略的方法，并且教你应对技巧，实现双赢！ 你将学到 1. 谈判中要具备怎样的法眼？ 2. 看看你的法眼修炼得如何？ 3. 法眼识战术，你能够顺利识别客户的多少张“牌”？ 4. 如何应对客户使用的“得寸进尺”策略？ 5. 如何应对客户使用的“定额战术”策略？ 6. 如何应对客户使用的“榨取战术”策略？ 7. 如何应对客户使用的“时间压力”策略？ 8. 如何应对客户使用的“转移话题”策略？ 9. 如何应对客户使用的“最高权限”策略？ 10. 谈判评估：激烈交手后，客户舒服吗？

Harvard's Dr Alex Lu discusses his latest research which ties neonicotinoids to the cause of global bee losses.

Prof. Garrison Sposito, soil scientist at UC Berkeley, talks about water and soil, the inputs organic and chemical that are often added to soil, soil stewardship, agriculture and food security.TranscriptSpeaker 1: Spectrum's next Speaker 2: [inaudible]. Welcome to spectrum the science [00:00:30] and technology show on k a l x Berkeley, a biweekly 30 minute program, bringing new interviews featuring bay in scientists and technologists as well as a calendar of local events and news.Speaker 1: Good afternoon. My name is Brad swift and I'm the host of today's show. Today we continue our interview with Professor Garrison [inaudible], the Betty and Isaac Barsha, chair of Soil Science in the College of natural resources at UC Berkeley. [00:01:00] Professor [inaudible] is an active teacher and researcher at Berkeley. This is part two of two professors. Pacino talks about the interaction of water with soil and the various inputs, organic and chemical that are often added to soil. He addresses soil stewardship and the challenges ahead for agriculture and food security. Speaker 3: You talked a little bit about the interaction of water and soil. It seems very crucial. So the study of [00:01:30] soil is very tied up in water then? Speaker 4: Yes, and I think the, uh, because of being in California, we may not, not understand that as well as we should because California has very large irrigation systems. One of the things, one of the very first things that Hilgard did when he came to this state to work was to go see a man named Kearney who lived around Fresno. And Kearney had the idea that if water were applied to the soils of the San Joaquin Valley, they might be used to grow crops [00:02:00] because the rainfall was very limited. I mean, you could grow crops that way, but not very many. And Hilgard actually assessed those soils and told him what the problems would be in doing that. And Kearney then began to irrigate the first one to do so and made a fortune doing this. So we have a lot of irrigated land in California for agriculture. And as a result, it doesn't seem as obvious to us that most of the world doesn't irrigate. Speaker 4: 80% of the agriculture in the world is rain fed. Two thirds of the food in the world [00:02:30] is produced by rain fed agriculture. So when you start looking around at places that are less high tech than California, it's actually rainwater that's making the world go around. So the question then is how does rainwater move through soil? How can we optimize its management in use and so forth, and not surprisingly relatively little is known about that because the places where the knowhow exists to study water and soil are the places where irrigation often gets done. And so typically all it has been studied in [00:03:00] the past is how much water do you have to have in the soil at the start of the growing season to make sure you get through it with a decent crop. And you'll hear things about this in the news where they'll say assessment of the water content in the Midwest is such that the corn crop will be less this year or more or whatever. Speaker 4: And the same is true anywhere else. So now a number of people are beginning to realize that we have to learn a lot more about how water behaves in soil before we can really truly expect to do very much about agriculture in that use. [00:03:30] Now this is important because the rain is falling on the soil. It has two places to go. One is maybe three, let's say three at one place is it can just evaporate right back up in the air, which isn't going to help anything unless it goes through a plant. If you could make it go through a plant first before evaporating, then of course you're doing agriculture. Another thing it will do is percolate downward and way down into what we call groundwater into the water that's stored way deep in the earth and so that's a loss. A third thing it can do is move over the land [00:04:00] surface or just underneath the land surface laterally towards some creek or river or whatever. Speaker 4: So that's it. Now obviously then what you want to manage is keeping the water in place long enough to get it through the plants you want so that they will grow and produce whatever it is you're interested in. So that turns out to be a really important deal about which we don't know as anywhere near as much as we should. With irrigation, you're applying huge amounts of water. In fact, they're, the problem usually is what to do with the wall. Excess water that [00:04:30] comes off afterward, often full of salts and various other things you don't want. So it's a totally different problem. We're here. It's taking something that's very erratic. First of all, rain doesn't come like irrigation where you can order it up and get it applied. So you've got to worry about the fact that it comes sporadically and they're dry years in wet years and all of that. And then you've got to know how it's stored in soil on which kinds of quote choices this soil is going to make in terms of whether it will evaporate runoff or percolate downward and so [00:05:00] on. So it's a big deal. But I would say that given the global situation in agriculture, we really haven't begun to study what we should Speaker 5: [inaudible]. This is spectrum on k a l X. Today's guest is Gary [inaudible] Ceto, the soil scientists that you see Berkeley. This next segment covers inputs to soil. Speaker 4: [00:05:30] This gets into the idea of how do you judge soil? What's what's considered productive, nonproductive. A lot of it comes down to these characteristics you were just describing with the water. The ability to hold water. Yes. However, I want to say that the phrase good soil, which is strictly an agricultural phrase or bad soil for that matter, people talk about good soil and what they mean is something they can grow crops on the they want to grow at the rate they want to grow them, et cetera. [00:06:00] Here's a very insightful essay by Gary Snyder, the poet and ecologist who's a local figure called good, wild, sacred and it's about soil and he talks about agricultural soils being called good and wild soils, soils that are under the forest or soils out in the desert, and then sacred soils have to do with native Americans and others who regarded certain areas of soil as as sacred sacred sites. Speaker 4: Well, from the point of view of nature, there is no bad soil because nature simply [00:06:30] adapts to whatever is there. The water supply, the nutrients, everything else and what grows is what you see and it's fine. It's an equilibrium with whatever is provided and nature doesn't mind. Problem comes and the value judgment comes in that humans do say what they want from a soil. We're talking about domesticating that soil. So it'll do what we want in the same way that you break a horse, so to speak, to do what you want. But that wild soil is actually just as good as soil is. The soil is domesticated [00:07:00] and in many ways it may be better because it's an equilibrium where the global environment has to be. Whereas we may, by virtue of doing things to soil to make it, you know, to harness it, you might say make it into a soil that is not in equilibrium with the global environment, could be harming the global environment in some ways. Speaker 4: So a good soil, well, what most people mean is it's a soil that behaves the way we want it to for some particular use. And that use may be as simple as dumping some waste onto it. And of course a good soil could be [00:07:30] one that you can build on if you take everything off and build a house on it. And that's good too. Mostly they mean agriculture or some kind of thing. They want to grow in the soils and trees or whatever, or yard, whatever. And in which case they mean I want to domesticate this soil. I don't want it to be wild. Such ends up involving a lot of inputs. It does energy inputs as well as material inputs. And of course a lot of ways, and I think this is something which people should keep in mind because the use of fertilizer [00:08:00] is certainly an example of this in the water too. Speaker 4: These are examples of technologies. After all, there's a fertilizer technology and that's where it comes from. And there's a water technology that delivers a water that we need to water in excess of what rain might provide. So here's a way to say that so-called second law of thermodynamics for every technology there is a pollution for every technology there is a pollution. Science. People know what I'm talking about and they say the second law would means that there is no such thing as truly [00:08:30] free energy. It always costs you some losses. Heat. That's really what I'm saying here. So if people would keep that in mind, every time they adapt a technology to what they want to do, there's going to be a pollution. And they ought to think about that. In the case of fertilizer, it's the runoff of the excess fertilizer into the waterways or somewhere where it's gonna cause a problem. Speaker 4: They might apply chemicals to kill things. They want to kill weeds with chemicals. So all of these technologies are problems and they're inputs. You're quite [00:09:00] right now with nitrogen, which is essential to any kind of plant we can think of and certainly to agricultural plants. Nitrogen is used to make protein and that's absolutely essential in the, in the time of the first world war for a totally other reason, because they wanted to make something for munitions. Humans learned how to convert the nitrogen in the air to an active form, a reactive form of nitrogen that could be used for any, any reaction and a fertilizer is one kind of reaction. [00:09:30] So we can make nitrogen fertilizers now out of the air. It's called the Harvard process. Michael Pollan's called that the single biggest revolution in modern agriculture and it probably is now. Okay, fine. You can do that. Speaker 4: It doesn't stop the pollution problem, but it says effectively you've got this huge, huge reservoir of nitrogen that you can eventually with enough energy fueled by oil, no doubt convert into reactive nitrate. And we're doing this and we're actually producing a huge amount of reactive nitrated NXS. [00:10:00] It's running into the world's waterways and causing all sorts of problems because a fertilizer in one place as a fertilizer somewhere else. If it's not fertilizing the corn in the Midwest, it's fertilizing the plankton in the Gulf of Mexico and causing them to bloom and cause all sorts of problems there. The same is not true of phosphorus and potassium. They're the other big three. The big three are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium that plants, all plants need to grow well. Those two have to be mined and there are limited supplies [00:10:30] and they're not being recycled. We have a huge amount of phosphorus running off with erosion. Speaker 4: Phosphorus tends to attach itself to particles and it goes with the particles when they erode and there's huge amounts going into the bottom of the ocean. Now, potassium is somewhat like that. So what we've got our limited supplies. I've heard estimates that the u s phosphorus minds will run out by the middle of this century. In fact, that the next period of time between now and 2050 is the biggest deal for us. All right now [00:11:00] in terms of thinking through these issues of where are we going to get future phosphorus, if our minds run out? Obviously once you start thinking about recycling or not wasting so much a potassiums the same way. Right now, countries are battling over putout so called potash mines. They're battling over this because they can see it's running out. You can't make it out of the air. There's no way to do that. It's gotta be mined out of the rocks. Speaker 4: And that's a huge problem because nobody has thought of a way to grow plants without the p and the K [00:11:30] as they call it, potassium, phosphorus, and potassium. So yeah, those are big inputs. Fossil fuels are an, are a big input too, but actually there's more of them around than these others and we're not, well, we are wasting them, but, but we're not wasting them in the same scale. And this is partly because people don't really think about these things very much. They just think about maximizing yield. So their tendency is to put as much as possible on the ground figuring that if the plant doesn't use it well, it'll go away soon. Speaker 2: [00:12:00] [inaudible] you are listening to part two of a two part interview with Gary [inaudible], a soil scientist at UC Berkeley. The show is spectrum and the station is k a l ex Berkeley. Speaker 3: [00:12:30] Well in terms of the ongoing viability of large scale agriculture, is there a way to maintain a status of that or is there always going to be at some point in need for input? Speaker 4: Well, the way these systems are managed, they are high input systems typically. Now, uh, that's true in this country and that's true in places like Brazil where they have these large scale farms. A lot of the world is much smaller scale. A lot of the world, [00:13:00] it depends on rain fed. Agriculture to live is much smaller scale, but these big systems do produce an awful lot of product corn and soybeans. Actually I think about three quarters of the agriculture. In the world is used to raise animals. So that means a quarter of it's actually growing food that people eat right from the plant and the rest is used either as grass that they're growing cause agriculture means past year or crop. Right now we have about 12% of the earth [00:13:30] surface. It isn't ice covered in cropland and that's often very intensively farmed people who are experts estimate we can go another quarter of that to 15% and if we go beyond that we'll have so messed up the global system that we won't be able to sustain it at all. Speaker 4: So we're pretty close to a tipping point. Crop Land is 12% the rest that's in agriculture, which I think is nearly 40% of the land is in grasses and the grasses are were used to grow animals. [00:14:00] So right there that you can raise a question, well maybe there's too much being expended on growing animals. How much do we really want or need of this right away. Then you're going to cut down on the large scale stuff just to kind of think this through a little bit. Cause if only a quarter is being used to grow food from the plants and it seemed like a huge amount, maybe that is sustainable. So in other words, moving from animal protein to plant protein could be a good way to go to it. Think about this, [00:14:30] people say, well yeah, but you know, animal protein is really balanced. His and the world wants it. Speaker 4: I mean it's not, it's not going the other way. It's not going down. It's going up. There are more countries that one animal protein and they have more and more the means to get it one way or the other. So there's a thing to think about right there. If you want to point a finger then you can say, well animal raising is probably doing the most harm right now to the agricultural use of land. And maybe that needs to be thought through in a different way. So that's an important consideration. But [00:15:00] I, I know no one who's thought seriously about this that thinks that large scale agriculture, the way it's done now could just be expanded to the rest of the world and would be sustainable. It's probably not sustainable even in the United States. Speaker 5: [inaudible] you were listening to spectrum on k a l x Berkeley professor Gary [inaudible] is our guest. This is part two of a two part interview. [00:15:30] Professor Ceto is discussing how to be a good steward of the soil Speaker 4: or a way to be a good steward of soils for people who are in forestry or in agriculture, people who are managing watersheds. Sure there is, and thinking again about it as an ecosystem, it's really the same story. If you want a person can think of his own yard, [00:16:00] where his home is as this ecosystem to manage to think about and there are ways of being a good steward. Let's take for just soil. First of all is to respect the soil for what it is. So yeah, there is a way to be a good steward and I think most people, they're interested in a good soil, not a wild soil. To them wild means uncontrollable. It means it doesn't do what I want when I want it to do. I want it to produce a grass. It looks unhealthily green. For example, a blue grass, which would never be grown here anyway, instead of some grass that could be adapted [00:16:30] to the area. Speaker 4: Or I want to grow ornamentals that probably shouldn't be grown either and on and on. And the basic idea is respect the soil for what it is. Don't think of a bad soil as a wild soil fact. That's the natural state. And thirdly, soil health is correlated with a humus. Do everything you can to keep the humans, which means a healthy biology. It means inputs of organic matter if you're using it in some fashion to grow things or whatever you do. It's common sense kinds of things at all. Really good farmers [00:17:00] know people who are small scale farmers and who live from the land that they have. They understand these things so they, they get this, but it doesn't have to be a farm. It can be your own yard that you're the steward of and keeping it well. And if you've got kids teaching your kids about what's in that yard, but it's very basic. It isn't complicated. As long as the poisons from your neighbors don't get into your yard in any, on the run off from their fertilizer and all. That's an issue. If you live close together, then let's, it's [00:17:30] true with any ecosystem that anyone has to manage their ways to look after it. Speaker 4: Now the UN is going to meet in Rio, does summer, well in June actually it's the real plus 20th summit to talk about sustainability. Yeah. Nations and there will be presented there some guidelines for what are called planetary boundaries. It means, for example, don't let the global crop land get above 15% of the total land areas, so we don't go over tipping point, don't [00:18:00] let the nitrogen levels in the ocean and all the other places we're putting nitrogen in. It shouldn't be get above certain levels, don't let the CO2 grow any more than this, et Cetera, et cetera. They're going to try to get the UN to adopt these worldwide as guidelines for countries to think about. So the first step toward this being a, you can find it online, it's called planetary boundaries, and if it's a document which they're going to present. So people are thinking about this all over the world who have good minds and are concerned. Speaker 4: So what's happening and soil [00:18:30] is part of this because of course soil conservation is what's going to keep the agriculture going and anything that's being done to degrade that soil or just lose it, lose it by erosion. And we have so much of that going on, you know, just going out in the ocean. It's just unfortunate because that's, you know, it takes so long to replace that. It is not going to be like five years. It's going to be thousands of years to replace it. So we have to wake up to these things. I don't want to, I want you to think I'm an alarmist or anything. There's time, [00:19:00] but we would be foolish not to think about these things carefully. Everybody has a stake in this. They need to get educated on it and think about it. Is there anything about soil that you wanted to, uh, to bring up that I haven't quizzed you about? Speaker 4: You know, I, one thing I was talking about this to my department head who happens to be a soil scientist and pathologist and uh, he's working with others now to bring up the point that soil is a national security issue. It isn't obvious [00:19:30] that that's true at first and except when you start thinking about food now, when could it raise the question of the farm bill? The farm bill actually isn't called the farm bill when it gets passed as a law. It's called the Food Security Act because food is seen as a matter of national security and it is, well, soil is necessary to reduce food. And so the ability for the United States, for example, to take advantage of these incredibly rich soils that I hope we don't ruin is [00:20:00] a security issue. Our ability to do that enhances our security if we're going to import a huge amount of food because we can't grow it ourselves, that's a security issue just like it is for oil. Speaker 4: We would say oil is a security issue. We have a certain amount of coal which is a lot. We have a certain amount of oil but not a lot and some natural gas. We wouldn't hesitate to say that that's a national security issue. We're, we're well endowed way better than many countries, especially with coal. Likewise with rich soils, we are well endowed. We we're so fortunate [00:20:30] in that respect. We tend to use them as if they're gonna last forever and so in that sense I would say that soil is a national security issue at least for the preservation of the food supply and people need to think of it that way. Thanks very much professor supposed to, you know for coming on spectrum, Speaker 6: you're welcome. Speaker 5: If you missed the broadcast of part one of our two part interview with Professor Gary [00:21:00] [inaudible] or any other spectrum show. They are now available as podcasts at iTunes university and easy link to the podcast is on the calyx website under programming in the spectrum description, the regular teacher of spectrum is to mention a few of the science and technology that's happening locally over the next few weeks. Lisa [inaudible] joins me for the calendar. Speaker 6: Physics relates to everything that we do. A new exhibition opening this Saturday, [00:21:30] June 2nd at 1:00 PM at the Lawrence Hall of science shows how a visit to a local skate park can demonstrate important physics principals. Learn the science behind extreme sports at Tony Hawk, read science and see how skateboard legend Tony Hawk joins forces with physics to make 900 degree revolutions admit air right up vertical walls and even fly over rails. Tony Hawk along with fellow professional skateboarders will perform an exciting demonstration [00:22:00] on a specially designed vertical skate ramp set up just outside the hall and visitors can explore over 25 interactive experiences. Spaces Limited and tickets are required. The Lawrence Hall of Science is located at one centennial drive in Berkeley. For more information, go to their website, www.lawrencehallofscience.org Speaker 1: Two unusual planetary events will happen on consecutive days, a partial lunar eclipse, June 4th and the transit of Venus on June 5th [00:22:30] on Monday, June 4th view the partial lunar eclipse in the wee hours of Monday morning from the observatory deck of the Chabot Space and science center at 10,000 Skyline Boulevard in Oakland. The eclipse will be most visible from 2:59 AM to 4:03 AM engage in a conversation with astronomers and knowledgeable volunteers. As you witnessed the moon's passing behind the earth. For more information, go to their website. Shabbos space.org Speaker 6: East Bay Science cafe [00:23:00] presents inside dinosaur bones. What bone tissues reveal about the life of fossil animals. For hundreds of years, scientists have examined fossil bones to learn about the life of the past. Recently, a wealth of new information about the lives of dinosaurs and other extinct animals has come from an unexpected source. Fossilized bone tissues. Come explore the insides of fossils and learn what that tells us about the evolutionary history of animals still alive today. The Speaker is Sarah Werning, a [00:23:30] phd candidate in the Department of integrative biology at the University of California Berkeley. Her research explores how changes in bone tissues in the fossil record reflect the evolution of growth and metabolic rates in reptiles, birds, mammals, and their ancestors. This takes place Wednesday, June 6th from seven to 9:00 PM at Cafe Valparaiso, part of the La Pena Cultural Center at 31 oh five Shaddock avenue. Berkeley Nightlife Speaker 1: [00:24:00] is the California Academy of Sciences Weekly Adult Program where they feature music, cocktails and themes, special exhibits for guests 21 and over. It happens every Thursday. The theme for the June 7th nightlife is sustainable catch in honor of world ocean's Day. There will be sustainable seafood cooking demos by local restaurant tours, talks on white sharks, Galapagos fishes, deep sea diving, and coral reef fish. Robert Murray's film. The end of the line [00:24:30] from the SF ocean film festival will be screened and DJ CEP, founder of one of the longest running dubstep parties. In the U s dub mission. We'll be making music. June 14th night. Life theme will be turtle power play teenage mutant Ninja Turtles. Find out how to help the sea turtle restoration project talk with sea turtle researcher Jay Nichols and visit ray bones Bandar and his display of sea turtle skulls. There will be a special dive [00:25:00] show in the Philippine Coral Reef and the film sea turtle spotlight in the planetarium at six 30 music by DJ Jay Sonic. Visit www.cal academy.org/events/nightlife now, the news Speaker 6: alarmed at the sudden losses of between 30 and 90% of honeybee colonies since 2006 scientists, policymakers, farmers, and beekeepers have posted many theories as to the cause of bee colony [00:25:30] collapse disorder such as pest disease, pesticides, migratory beekeeping, or some combination of these factors. A study from the Harvard School of Public Health that will appear in the June issue of the Bolton of insect tology indicates that the likely culprit in sharp worldwide declines in honeybee colony since 2006 is Imidacloprid, one of the most widely used pesticides. It's the second report to link that pesticide to the mysterious bee. Die-Offs. Imidacloprid [00:26:00] is a member of a family of pesticides known as neonicotinoids introduced in the early 1990s bees can be exposed in two ways through nectar from plant or through high fructose corn syrup that beekeepers use to feed their bees. Since most us grown corn has been treated with imidacloprid. Speaker 6: It's also found in corn syrup. Members of the Harvard Group led by biologist Alex Lu, a specialist in environmental exposure said they found convincing evidence [00:26:30] of the link. Lou and his researchers conducted a field study in Massachusetts over a 23 week period after which 15 out of 16 treated hives died. His experiment included pesticides amounts below what is normally present in the environment. Those exposed to the highest levels of the pesticides died. First, the hives were empty except for food stores. Some pollen and young bees with few dead bees nearby. When other conditions cause hive collapse such as disease or past, many [00:27:00] dead bees are typically found inside and outside the effected hives. These beyond producing honey are prime pollinators of roughly one third of the crop species in the United States including fruits, vegetables, nuts and livestock feed such as Alfalfa and clover. Massive loss of honeybees could result in billions of dollars in agricultural losses. California's almond crop is one of the most vulnerable Speaker 1: well science daily reports that the results of a new US Geological Survey study conclude [00:27:30] that faults west of Lake Tahoe referred to as the Tahoe Sierra frontal fault zone pose, a substantial increase in the seismic hazard assessment for the Lake Tahoe region of California and Nevada and could potentially generate earthquakes with magnitudes ranging from 6.3 to 6.9 a close association of landslide deposits and active faults also suggests that there is an earthquake induced landslide hazard along the steep fault formed range front [00:28:00] west of Lake Tahoe using a new high resolution imaging technology known as bare Earth Airborne Lidar, which stands for light detection and ranging combined with field observations and the modern geochronology lidar imagery allows scientists to see through dense forest cover and recognize earthquake faults that are not detectable with conventional aerial photography. USDS scientist and lead author James Howl says that although the Tahoe Sierra [00:28:30] frontal falls zone has long been recognized as forming the tectonic boundary between the Sierra Nevada to the west and the basin and range province to the east, it's level of activity and seismic hazard was not fully recognized because dense vegetation obscured the surface expressions of the faults using the new lidar technology has improved and clarified. Speaker 1: Previous field mapping has provided visualization of the surface expressions of the faults and has allowed for accurate [00:29:00] measurement of the amount of motion that has occurred on the phone. Fox Speaker 5: [inaudible] music character new show is Bible stone, a David from his album folk and acoustic. It's made available through a creative Commons attributions license 3.0 production assistance by Rick Karnofsky and Lisa catechins. Thank you for listening to spectrum. If you have comments about the show, please send [00:29:30] them to us via email. Our email address is spectrum dot k a l s@yahoo.com join us in two weeks at this same time. Speaker 2: [inaudible]. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Prof. Garrison Sposito, soil scientist at UC Berkeley, talks about water and soil, the inputs organic and chemical that are often added to soil, soil stewardship, agriculture and food security.TranscriptSpeaker 1: Spectrum's next Speaker 2: [inaudible]. Welcome to spectrum the science [00:00:30] and technology show on k a l x Berkeley, a biweekly 30 minute program, bringing new interviews featuring bay in scientists and technologists as well as a calendar of local events and news.Speaker 1: Good afternoon. My name is Brad swift and I'm the host of today's show. Today we continue our interview with Professor Garrison [inaudible], the Betty and Isaac Barsha, chair of Soil Science in the College of natural resources at UC Berkeley. [00:01:00] Professor [inaudible] is an active teacher and researcher at Berkeley. This is part two of two professors. Pacino talks about the interaction of water with soil and the various inputs, organic and chemical that are often added to soil. He addresses soil stewardship and the challenges ahead for agriculture and food security. Speaker 3: You talked a little bit about the interaction of water and soil. It seems very crucial. So the study of [00:01:30] soil is very tied up in water then? Speaker 4: Yes, and I think the, uh, because of being in California, we may not, not understand that as well as we should because California has very large irrigation systems. One of the things, one of the very first things that Hilgard did when he came to this state to work was to go see a man named Kearney who lived around Fresno. And Kearney had the idea that if water were applied to the soils of the San Joaquin Valley, they might be used to grow crops [00:02:00] because the rainfall was very limited. I mean, you could grow crops that way, but not very many. And Hilgard actually assessed those soils and told him what the problems would be in doing that. And Kearney then began to irrigate the first one to do so and made a fortune doing this. So we have a lot of irrigated land in California for agriculture. And as a result, it doesn't seem as obvious to us that most of the world doesn't irrigate. Speaker 4: 80% of the agriculture in the world is rain fed. Two thirds of the food in the world [00:02:30] is produced by rain fed agriculture. So when you start looking around at places that are less high tech than California, it's actually rainwater that's making the world go around. So the question then is how does rainwater move through soil? How can we optimize its management in use and so forth, and not surprisingly relatively little is known about that because the places where the knowhow exists to study water and soil are the places where irrigation often gets done. And so typically all it has been studied in [00:03:00] the past is how much water do you have to have in the soil at the start of the growing season to make sure you get through it with a decent crop. And you'll hear things about this in the news where they'll say assessment of the water content in the Midwest is such that the corn crop will be less this year or more or whatever. Speaker 4: And the same is true anywhere else. So now a number of people are beginning to realize that we have to learn a lot more about how water behaves in soil before we can really truly expect to do very much about agriculture in that use. [00:03:30] Now this is important because the rain is falling on the soil. It has two places to go. One is maybe three, let's say three at one place is it can just evaporate right back up in the air, which isn't going to help anything unless it goes through a plant. If you could make it go through a plant first before evaporating, then of course you're doing agriculture. Another thing it will do is percolate downward and way down into what we call groundwater into the water that's stored way deep in the earth and so that's a loss. A third thing it can do is move over the land [00:04:00] surface or just underneath the land surface laterally towards some creek or river or whatever. Speaker 4: So that's it. Now obviously then what you want to manage is keeping the water in place long enough to get it through the plants you want so that they will grow and produce whatever it is you're interested in. So that turns out to be a really important deal about which we don't know as anywhere near as much as we should. With irrigation, you're applying huge amounts of water. In fact, they're, the problem usually is what to do with the wall. Excess water that [00:04:30] comes off afterward, often full of salts and various other things you don't want. So it's a totally different problem. We're here. It's taking something that's very erratic. First of all, rain doesn't come like irrigation where you can order it up and get it applied. So you've got to worry about the fact that it comes sporadically and they're dry years in wet years and all of that. And then you've got to know how it's stored in soil on which kinds of quote choices this soil is going to make in terms of whether it will evaporate runoff or percolate downward and so [00:05:00] on. So it's a big deal. But I would say that given the global situation in agriculture, we really haven't begun to study what we should Speaker 5: [inaudible]. This is spectrum on k a l X. Today's guest is Gary [inaudible] Ceto, the soil scientists that you see Berkeley. This next segment covers inputs to soil. Speaker 4: [00:05:30] This gets into the idea of how do you judge soil? What's what's considered productive, nonproductive. A lot of it comes down to these characteristics you were just describing with the water. The ability to hold water. Yes. However, I want to say that the phrase good soil, which is strictly an agricultural phrase or bad soil for that matter, people talk about good soil and what they mean is something they can grow crops on the they want to grow at the rate they want to grow them, et cetera. [00:06:00] Here's a very insightful essay by Gary Snyder, the poet and ecologist who's a local figure called good, wild, sacred and it's about soil and he talks about agricultural soils being called good and wild soils, soils that are under the forest or soils out in the desert, and then sacred soils have to do with native Americans and others who regarded certain areas of soil as as sacred sacred sites. Speaker 4: Well, from the point of view of nature, there is no bad soil because nature simply [00:06:30] adapts to whatever is there. The water supply, the nutrients, everything else and what grows is what you see and it's fine. It's an equilibrium with whatever is provided and nature doesn't mind. Problem comes and the value judgment comes in that humans do say what they want from a soil. We're talking about domesticating that soil. So it'll do what we want in the same way that you break a horse, so to speak, to do what you want. But that wild soil is actually just as good as soil is. The soil is domesticated [00:07:00] and in many ways it may be better because it's an equilibrium where the global environment has to be. Whereas we may, by virtue of doing things to soil to make it, you know, to harness it, you might say make it into a soil that is not in equilibrium with the global environment, could be harming the global environment in some ways. Speaker 4: So a good soil, well, what most people mean is it's a soil that behaves the way we want it to for some particular use. And that use may be as simple as dumping some waste onto it. And of course a good soil could be [00:07:30] one that you can build on if you take everything off and build a house on it. And that's good too. Mostly they mean agriculture or some kind of thing. They want to grow in the soils and trees or whatever, or yard, whatever. And in which case they mean I want to domesticate this soil. I don't want it to be wild. Such ends up involving a lot of inputs. It does energy inputs as well as material inputs. And of course a lot of ways, and I think this is something which people should keep in mind because the use of fertilizer [00:08:00] is certainly an example of this in the water too. Speaker 4: These are examples of technologies. After all, there's a fertilizer technology and that's where it comes from. And there's a water technology that delivers a water that we need to water in excess of what rain might provide. So here's a way to say that so-called second law of thermodynamics for every technology there is a pollution for every technology there is a pollution. Science. People know what I'm talking about and they say the second law would means that there is no such thing as truly [00:08:30] free energy. It always costs you some losses. Heat. That's really what I'm saying here. So if people would keep that in mind, every time they adapt a technology to what they want to do, there's going to be a pollution. And they ought to think about that. In the case of fertilizer, it's the runoff of the excess fertilizer into the waterways or somewhere where it's gonna cause a problem. Speaker 4: They might apply chemicals to kill things. They want to kill weeds with chemicals. So all of these technologies are problems and they're inputs. You're quite [00:09:00] right now with nitrogen, which is essential to any kind of plant we can think of and certainly to agricultural plants. Nitrogen is used to make protein and that's absolutely essential in the, in the time of the first world war for a totally other reason, because they wanted to make something for munitions. Humans learned how to convert the nitrogen in the air to an active form, a reactive form of nitrogen that could be used for any, any reaction and a fertilizer is one kind of reaction. [00:09:30] So we can make nitrogen fertilizers now out of the air. It's called the Harvard process. Michael Pollan's called that the single biggest revolution in modern agriculture and it probably is now. Okay, fine. You can do that. Speaker 4: It doesn't stop the pollution problem, but it says effectively you've got this huge, huge reservoir of nitrogen that you can eventually with enough energy fueled by oil, no doubt convert into reactive nitrate. And we're doing this and we're actually producing a huge amount of reactive nitrated NXS. [00:10:00] It's running into the world's waterways and causing all sorts of problems because a fertilizer in one place as a fertilizer somewhere else. If it's not fertilizing the corn in the Midwest, it's fertilizing the plankton in the Gulf of Mexico and causing them to bloom and cause all sorts of problems there. The same is not true of phosphorus and potassium. They're the other big three. The big three are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium that plants, all plants need to grow well. Those two have to be mined and there are limited supplies [00:10:30] and they're not being recycled. We have a huge amount of phosphorus running off with erosion. Speaker 4: Phosphorus tends to attach itself to particles and it goes with the particles when they erode and there's huge amounts going into the bottom of the ocean. Now, potassium is somewhat like that. So what we've got our limited supplies. I've heard estimates that the u s phosphorus minds will run out by the middle of this century. In fact, that the next period of time between now and 2050 is the biggest deal for us. All right now [00:11:00] in terms of thinking through these issues of where are we going to get future phosphorus, if our minds run out? Obviously once you start thinking about recycling or not wasting so much a potassiums the same way. Right now, countries are battling over putout so called potash mines. They're battling over this because they can see it's running out. You can't make it out of the air. There's no way to do that. It's gotta be mined out of the rocks. Speaker 4: And that's a huge problem because nobody has thought of a way to grow plants without the p and the K [00:11:30] as they call it, potassium, phosphorus, and potassium. So yeah, those are big inputs. Fossil fuels are an, are a big input too, but actually there's more of them around than these others and we're not, well, we are wasting them, but, but we're not wasting them in the same scale. And this is partly because people don't really think about these things very much. They just think about maximizing yield. So their tendency is to put as much as possible on the ground figuring that if the plant doesn't use it well, it'll go away soon. Speaker 2: [00:12:00] [inaudible] you are listening to part two of a two part interview with Gary [inaudible], a soil scientist at UC Berkeley. The show is spectrum and the station is k a l ex Berkeley. Speaker 3: [00:12:30] Well in terms of the ongoing viability of large scale agriculture, is there a way to maintain a status of that or is there always going to be at some point in need for input? Speaker 4: Well, the way these systems are managed, they are high input systems typically. Now, uh, that's true in this country and that's true in places like Brazil where they have these large scale farms. A lot of the world is much smaller scale. A lot of the world, [00:13:00] it depends on rain fed. Agriculture to live is much smaller scale, but these big systems do produce an awful lot of product corn and soybeans. Actually I think about three quarters of the agriculture. In the world is used to raise animals. So that means a quarter of it's actually growing food that people eat right from the plant and the rest is used either as grass that they're growing cause agriculture means past year or crop. Right now we have about 12% of the earth [00:13:30] surface. It isn't ice covered in cropland and that's often very intensively farmed people who are experts estimate we can go another quarter of that to 15% and if we go beyond that we'll have so messed up the global system that we won't be able to sustain it at all. Speaker 4: So we're pretty close to a tipping point. Crop Land is 12% the rest that's in agriculture, which I think is nearly 40% of the land is in grasses and the grasses are were used to grow animals. [00:14:00] So right there that you can raise a question, well maybe there's too much being expended on growing animals. How much do we really want or need of this right away. Then you're going to cut down on the large scale stuff just to kind of think this through a little bit. Cause if only a quarter is being used to grow food from the plants and it seemed like a huge amount, maybe that is sustainable. So in other words, moving from animal protein to plant protein could be a good way to go to it. Think about this, [00:14:30] people say, well yeah, but you know, animal protein is really balanced. His and the world wants it. Speaker 4: I mean it's not, it's not going the other way. It's not going down. It's going up. There are more countries that one animal protein and they have more and more the means to get it one way or the other. So there's a thing to think about right there. If you want to point a finger then you can say, well animal raising is probably doing the most harm right now to the agricultural use of land. And maybe that needs to be thought through in a different way. So that's an important consideration. But [00:15:00] I, I know no one who's thought seriously about this that thinks that large scale agriculture, the way it's done now could just be expanded to the rest of the world and would be sustainable. It's probably not sustainable even in the United States. Speaker 5: [inaudible] you were listening to spectrum on k a l x Berkeley professor Gary [inaudible] is our guest. This is part two of a two part interview. [00:15:30] Professor Ceto is discussing how to be a good steward of the soil Speaker 4: or a way to be a good steward of soils for people who are in forestry or in agriculture, people who are managing watersheds. Sure there is, and thinking again about it as an ecosystem, it's really the same story. If you want a person can think of his own yard, [00:16:00] where his home is as this ecosystem to manage to think about and there are ways of being a good steward. Let's take for just soil. First of all is to respect the soil for what it is. So yeah, there is a way to be a good steward and I think most people, they're interested in a good soil, not a wild soil. To them wild means uncontrollable. It means it doesn't do what I want when I want it to do. I want it to produce a grass. It looks unhealthily green. For example, a blue grass, which would never be grown here anyway, instead of some grass that could be adapted [00:16:30] to the area. Speaker 4: Or I want to grow ornamentals that probably shouldn't be grown either and on and on. And the basic idea is respect the soil for what it is. Don't think of a bad soil as a wild soil fact. That's the natural state. And thirdly, soil health is correlated with a humus. Do everything you can to keep the humans, which means a healthy biology. It means inputs of organic matter if you're using it in some fashion to grow things or whatever you do. It's common sense kinds of things at all. Really good farmers [00:17:00] know people who are small scale farmers and who live from the land that they have. They understand these things so they, they get this, but it doesn't have to be a farm. It can be your own yard that you're the steward of and keeping it well. And if you've got kids teaching your kids about what's in that yard, but it's very basic. It isn't complicated. As long as the poisons from your neighbors don't get into your yard in any, on the run off from their fertilizer and all. That's an issue. If you live close together, then let's, it's [00:17:30] true with any ecosystem that anyone has to manage their ways to look after it. Speaker 4: Now the UN is going to meet in Rio, does summer, well in June actually it's the real plus 20th summit to talk about sustainability. Yeah. Nations and there will be presented there some guidelines for what are called planetary boundaries. It means, for example, don't let the global crop land get above 15% of the total land areas, so we don't go over tipping point, don't [00:18:00] let the nitrogen levels in the ocean and all the other places we're putting nitrogen in. It shouldn't be get above certain levels, don't let the CO2 grow any more than this, et Cetera, et cetera. They're going to try to get the UN to adopt these worldwide as guidelines for countries to think about. So the first step toward this being a, you can find it online, it's called planetary boundaries, and if it's a document which they're going to present. So people are thinking about this all over the world who have good minds and are concerned. Speaker 4: So what's happening and soil [00:18:30] is part of this because of course soil conservation is what's going to keep the agriculture going and anything that's being done to degrade that soil or just lose it, lose it by erosion. And we have so much of that going on, you know, just going out in the ocean. It's just unfortunate because that's, you know, it takes so long to replace that. It is not going to be like five years. It's going to be thousands of years to replace it. So we have to wake up to these things. I don't want to, I want you to think I'm an alarmist or anything. There's time, [00:19:00] but we would be foolish not to think about these things carefully. Everybody has a stake in this. They need to get educated on it and think about it. Is there anything about soil that you wanted to, uh, to bring up that I haven't quizzed you about? Speaker 4: You know, I, one thing I was talking about this to my department head who happens to be a soil scientist and pathologist and uh, he's working with others now to bring up the point that soil is a national security issue. It isn't obvious [00:19:30] that that's true at first and except when you start thinking about food now, when could it raise the question of the farm bill? The farm bill actually isn't called the farm bill when it gets passed as a law. It's called the Food Security Act because food is seen as a matter of national security and it is, well, soil is necessary to reduce food. And so the ability for the United States, for example, to take advantage of these incredibly rich soils that I hope we don't ruin is [00:20:00] a security issue. Our ability to do that enhances our security if we're going to import a huge amount of food because we can't grow it ourselves, that's a security issue just like it is for oil. Speaker 4: We would say oil is a security issue. We have a certain amount of coal which is a lot. We have a certain amount of oil but not a lot and some natural gas. We wouldn't hesitate to say that that's a national security issue. We're, we're well endowed way better than many countries, especially with coal. Likewise with rich soils, we are well endowed. We we're so fortunate [00:20:30] in that respect. We tend to use them as if they're gonna last forever and so in that sense I would say that soil is a national security issue at least for the preservation of the food supply and people need to think of it that way. Thanks very much professor supposed to, you know for coming on spectrum, Speaker 6: you're welcome. Speaker 5: If you missed the broadcast of part one of our two part interview with Professor Gary [00:21:00] [inaudible] or any other spectrum show. They are now available as podcasts at iTunes university and easy link to the podcast is on the calyx website under programming in the spectrum description, the regular teacher of spectrum is to mention a few of the science and technology that's happening locally over the next few weeks. Lisa [inaudible] joins me for the calendar. Speaker 6: Physics relates to everything that we do. A new exhibition opening this Saturday, [00:21:30] June 2nd at 1:00 PM at the Lawrence Hall of science shows how a visit to a local skate park can demonstrate important physics principals. Learn the science behind extreme sports at Tony Hawk, read science and see how skateboard legend Tony Hawk joins forces with physics to make 900 degree revolutions admit air right up vertical walls and even fly over rails. Tony Hawk along with fellow professional skateboarders will perform an exciting demonstration [00:22:00] on a specially designed vertical skate ramp set up just outside the hall and visitors can explore over 25 interactive experiences. Spaces Limited and tickets are required. The Lawrence Hall of Science is located at one centennial drive in Berkeley. For more information, go to their website, www.lawrencehallofscience.org Speaker 1: Two unusual planetary events will happen on consecutive days, a partial lunar eclipse, June 4th and the transit of Venus on June 5th [00:22:30] on Monday, June 4th view the partial lunar eclipse in the wee hours of Monday morning from the observatory deck of the Chabot Space and science center at 10,000 Skyline Boulevard in Oakland. The eclipse will be most visible from 2:59 AM to 4:03 AM engage in a conversation with astronomers and knowledgeable volunteers. As you witnessed the moon's passing behind the earth. For more information, go to their website. Shabbos space.org Speaker 6: East Bay Science cafe [00:23:00] presents inside dinosaur bones. What bone tissues reveal about the life of fossil animals. For hundreds of years, scientists have examined fossil bones to learn about the life of the past. Recently, a wealth of new information about the lives of dinosaurs and other extinct animals has come from an unexpected source. Fossilized bone tissues. Come explore the insides of fossils and learn what that tells us about the evolutionary history of animals still alive today. The Speaker is Sarah Werning, a [00:23:30] phd candidate in the Department of integrative biology at the University of California Berkeley. Her research explores how changes in bone tissues in the fossil record reflect the evolution of growth and metabolic rates in reptiles, birds, mammals, and their ancestors. This takes place Wednesday, June 6th from seven to 9:00 PM at Cafe Valparaiso, part of the La Pena Cultural Center at 31 oh five Shaddock avenue. Berkeley Nightlife Speaker 1: [00:24:00] is the California Academy of Sciences Weekly Adult Program where they feature music, cocktails and themes, special exhibits for guests 21 and over. It happens every Thursday. The theme for the June 7th nightlife is sustainable catch in honor of world ocean's Day. There will be sustainable seafood cooking demos by local restaurant tours, talks on white sharks, Galapagos fishes, deep sea diving, and coral reef fish. Robert Murray's film. The end of the line [00:24:30] from the SF ocean film festival will be screened and DJ CEP, founder of one of the longest running dubstep parties. In the U s dub mission. We'll be making music. June 14th night. Life theme will be turtle power play teenage mutant Ninja Turtles. Find out how to help the sea turtle restoration project talk with sea turtle researcher Jay Nichols and visit ray bones Bandar and his display of sea turtle skulls. There will be a special dive [00:25:00] show in the Philippine Coral Reef and the film sea turtle spotlight in the planetarium at six 30 music by DJ Jay Sonic. Visit www.cal academy.org/events/nightlife now, the news Speaker 6: alarmed at the sudden losses of between 30 and 90% of honeybee colonies since 2006 scientists, policymakers, farmers, and beekeepers have posted many theories as to the cause of bee colony [00:25:30] collapse disorder such as pest disease, pesticides, migratory beekeeping, or some combination of these factors. A study from the Harvard School of Public Health that will appear in the June issue of the Bolton of insect tology indicates that the likely culprit in sharp worldwide declines in honeybee colony since 2006 is Imidacloprid, one of the most widely used pesticides. It's the second report to link that pesticide to the mysterious bee. Die-Offs. Imidacloprid [00:26:00] is a member of a family of pesticides known as neonicotinoids introduced in the early 1990s bees can be exposed in two ways through nectar from plant or through high fructose corn syrup that beekeepers use to feed their bees. Since most us grown corn has been treated with imidacloprid. Speaker 6: It's also found in corn syrup. Members of the Harvard Group led by biologist Alex Lu, a specialist in environmental exposure said they found convincing evidence [00:26:30] of the link. Lou and his researchers conducted a field study in Massachusetts over a 23 week period after which 15 out of 16 treated hives died. His experiment included pesticides amounts below what is normally present in the environment. Those exposed to the highest levels of the pesticides died. First, the hives were empty except for food stores. Some pollen and young bees with few dead bees nearby. When other conditions cause hive collapse such as disease or past, many [00:27:00] dead bees are typically found inside and outside the effected hives. These beyond producing honey are prime pollinators of roughly one third of the crop species in the United States including fruits, vegetables, nuts and livestock feed such as Alfalfa and clover. Massive loss of honeybees could result in billions of dollars in agricultural losses. California's almond crop is one of the most vulnerable Speaker 1: well science daily reports that the results of a new US Geological Survey study conclude [00:27:30] that faults west of Lake Tahoe referred to as the Tahoe Sierra frontal fault zone pose, a substantial increase in the seismic hazard assessment for the Lake Tahoe region of California and Nevada and could potentially generate earthquakes with magnitudes ranging from 6.3 to 6.9 a close association of landslide deposits and active faults also suggests that there is an earthquake induced landslide hazard along the steep fault formed range front [00:28:00] west of Lake Tahoe using a new high resolution imaging technology known as bare Earth Airborne Lidar, which stands for light detection and ranging combined with field observations and the modern geochronology lidar imagery allows scientists to see through dense forest cover and recognize earthquake faults that are not detectable with conventional aerial photography. USDS scientist and lead author James Howl says that although the Tahoe Sierra [00:28:30] frontal falls zone has long been recognized as forming the tectonic boundary between the Sierra Nevada to the west and the basin and range province to the east, it's level of activity and seismic hazard was not fully recognized because dense vegetation obscured the surface expressions of the faults using the new lidar technology has improved and clarified. Speaker 1: Previous field mapping has provided visualization of the surface expressions of the faults and has allowed for accurate [00:29:00] measurement of the amount of motion that has occurred on the phone. Fox Speaker 5: [inaudible] music character new show is Bible stone, a David from his album folk and acoustic. It's made available through a creative Commons attributions license 3.0 production assistance by Rick Karnofsky and Lisa catechins. Thank you for listening to spectrum. If you have comments about the show, please send [00:29:30] them to us via email. Our email address is spectrum dot k a l s@yahoo.com join us in two weeks at this same time. Speaker 2: [inaudible]. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.