Podcasts about Jiang

When picturing a steel factory, words like "heavy", "smoky" and "arduous" often come to mind. But a technological breakthrough is proving that the iron and steel industry can be smart and sophisticated, thanks to the power of artificial intelligence.提到钢铁厂，人们通常会想到 “重型”“烟雾弥漫”“艰苦” 等词汇。但一项技术突破表明，借助人工智能的力量，钢铁行业也能变得智能化、精细化。Shougang Group, one of China's largest steelmakers, is leading the way with an AI-powered visual system that is transforming the entire steelmaking process from labor-driven to model-driven. With this cutting-edge technology in place, the steel giant has boosted production efficiency by over 20 percent and reduced defects by 35 percent.中国大型钢铁企业之一的首钢集团率先采用人工智能视觉系统，将整个炼钢过程从人力驱动转变为模型驱动。借助这一尖端技术，这家钢铁巨头的生产效率提升了 20% 以上，缺陷率降低了 35%。Exemplifying the shift toward digital and intelligent industrial transformation, the AI-powered system was named as one of the top 10 benchmark applications at the 2025 Global Digital Economy Conference, which wrapped up in Beijing on July 5. During the event, business leaders and industry representatives discussed the growing impact of AI across industries, highlighting China's broader push toward smart manufacturing.在 7 月 5 日于北京闭幕的 2025 全球数字经济大会上，这一人工智能系统入选 “十大标杆应用”，成为工业数字化、智能化转型的典范。大会期间，企业领袖和行业代表探讨了人工智能在各行业日益增长的影响，凸显了中国在智能制造领域的广泛推进。"For a company of our size, the top priority in the face of the ongoing AI revolution is to explore how this technology can deliver better solutions to our challenges, and how it improves quality, increases efficiency and reduces cost," said Jiang Xingqun, senior vice-president of BOE Technology Group Co Ltd, one of the world's largest display panel manufacturers.“面对当下的人工智能革命，对于我们这种规模的企业来说，首要任务是探索这项技术如何为我们的挑战提供更好的解决方案，以及如何通过它提质、增效、降本，” 全球最大的显示面板制造商之一京东方科技集团股份有限公司高级副总裁蒋兴群表示。"Traditional visual technology has been widely used for quality checks, but it still falls short in addressing some issues," Jiang said. "This is why we employ AI for data labeling, model training and detection of defects and abnormalities." He noted that in recent years, BOE has also developed its own automated decision-making system, which is already being used in production.蒋兴群说：“传统视觉技术在质量检测中应用广泛，但在解决某些问题上仍有不足。这就是我们采用人工智能进行数据标注、模型训练以及缺陷和异常检测的原因。” 他指出，近年来京东方还开发了自主的自动化决策系统，目前已应用于生产中。The company has been actively seeking ways to integrate AI into display panel manufacturing, a comprehensive process that encompasses quality inspection, monitoring and analysis, defect repairs and equipment maintenance. With the help of AI, BOE has effectively improved graphic processing efficiency, shortened defect handling cycles and reduced labor costs.该公司一直在积极探索将人工智能融入显示面板制造的方法，这一综合过程涵盖质量检测、监控分析、缺陷修复和设备维护。在人工智能的助力下，京东方有效提升了图像处理效率，缩短了缺陷处理周期，并降低了人力成本。Similarly, numerous companies across the country are accelerating their digital transformation efforts. According to the China Internet Development Report 2024, the country now has nearly 10,000 digitalized workshops and intelligent factories. Of these, more than 400 have been recognized as national-level benchmark factories in smart manufacturing, utilizing technologies such as AI and digital twins.同样，全国众多企业都在加速推进数字化转型。《中国互联网发展报告 2024》显示，目前我国已拥有近 1 万家数字化车间和智能工厂。其中，有 400 多家被认定为国家级智能制造标杆工厂，它们运用了人工智能、数字孪生等技术。Industry insiders highlighted that the costs of large models have dropped sharply over the past year, creating favorable conditions for the application of AI technologies. Ruan Yu, vice-president of Baidu, noted that as costs continue to fall, large AI models are becoming a core productivity tool for an increasing number of enterprises.业内人士强调，过去一年，大模型的成本大幅下降，为人工智能技术的应用创造了有利条件。百度副总裁阮瑜指出，随着成本持续降低，人工智能大模型正成为越来越多企业的核心生产力工具。According to Zhang Di, vice-president of Kuaishou Technology and technical head of Kling AI, AI video generator technology will continue to evolve. By providing interactive and lifelike environments, it will further boost the development of the industrial internet and accelerate the digital transformation of manufacturing and other traditional industries, Zhang said.快手科技副总裁、灵犀 AI 技术负责人张迪表示，人工智能视频生成技术将持续发展。通过提供交互式、逼真的环境，该技术将进一步推动工业互联网的发展，加速制造业等传统产业的数字化转型。In recent years, the Chinese government has introduced a wide range of measures to accelerate AI innovation and promote its application, intending to support new industrialization and the development of the industrial sector.近年来，中国政府出台了一系列措施，加快人工智能创新并推动其应用，旨在支持新型工业化和工业领域的发展。sophisticated /səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/ 精密的，复杂的defect /ˈdiːfekt/ 缺陷，瑕疵integrate /ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/ 融入，使一体化digitalize /ˈdɪdʒɪtəlaɪz/ 使数字化，以数字形式呈现

Fluent Fiction - Mandarin Chinese: Thunder on the Wall: A Hidden Adventure Awaits Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/zh/episode/2025-07-11-22-34-02-zh Story Transcript:Zh: 长城上，天气骤变。En: On the Great Wall, the weather suddenly changed.Zh: 丽华是一个热爱历史的导游，她此刻正带领游客在长城上漫步。En: Li Hua is a tour guide who loves history, and at this moment, she is leading tourists on a walk along the Great Wall.Zh: 这是她多年来的职业，她对长城的每一块砖都了如指掌。En: This has been her profession for many years, and she knows every brick of the Wall like the back of her hand.Zh: 然而，她心中总是渴望一次冒险。En: However, she always yearns for an adventure.Zh: 今天天气晴朗，阳光灿烂，丽华带着她的好朋友美玲和一位喜欢冒险的摄影师江一起游览。En: Today, the weather is clear and sunny as Li Hua is touring with her good friend Mei Ling and an adventure-loving photographer named Jiang.Zh: 他们不知不觉走到了一段偏远的长城。En: They unknowingly walked to a remote section of the Great Wall.Zh: 长城在这里似乎与天边相连，周围景色美不胜收。En: Here, the Wall seemed to connect with the edge of the sky, surrounded by breathtaking scenery.Zh: 然而，正当他们在欣赏长城的壮丽时，天空突然阴云密布，远处传来隆隆的雷声。En: However, just as they were admiring the grandeur of the Great Wall, the sky suddenly became overcast with clouds, and distant thunder rumbled.Zh: “快要下雨了，”江说道，他急忙收起了相机。En: "It's about to rain," said Jiang, hastily putting away his camera.Zh: 丽华看着天边的乌云，心中有些不安。En: Li Hua looked at the dark clouds on the horizon with some unease in her heart.Zh: 她知道，他们需要尽快做出决定，以确保所有人的安全。En: She knew they needed to make a decision quickly to ensure everyone's safety.Zh: 她面临一个艰难的选择：是赶回主区域，还是在这里找个地方暂避风雨？En: She faced a tough choice: should they rush back to the main area, or find a place here to take shelter from the storm?Zh: 天色暗了下来，雨开始下得又急又猛，打在古老的砖石上。En: The sky darkened, and the rain began to fall fast and hard, pounding on the ancient bricks and stones.Zh: 丽华感受到一阵紧张，她明白这不是简单的讲解历史，而是一次真正的考验。En: Li Hua felt a wave of tension; she understood that this was not merely about explaining history but was a true test.Zh: 在这个时刻，江的冒险精神给了丽华灵感。En: In this moment, Jiang's adventurous spirit inspired Li Hua.Zh: “我知道一个秘密的地方，我们可以在那里避雨。En: "I know a secret place where we can take shelter from the rain," Li Hua said, her voice steady, with a hint of excitement.Zh: ”丽华说，声音坚定中带着些许兴奋。En: She led everyone along a small path by the Great Wall to a little-known stone cave.Zh: 她带领大家沿着长城边的小路，来到了一个几乎无人知晓的石洞。En: This was a place she had accidentally discovered during a previous adventure.Zh: 这是她以前探险时无意中发现的。En: The cave was small but enough to shelter a small group from the rain.Zh: 石洞虽小，但足以让一小群人避雨。En: The rain poured down, thunder rolled, but they were safely hidden in the cave, listening to the wind and rain outside.Zh: 大雨倾盆，雷声隆隆，而他们却安全地躲在石洞中，听着外面的风雨声。En: Time passed slowly, the rain gradually lessened, and the sky began to clear.Zh: 时间一点一点地过去，雨势渐小，天空逐渐放晴。En: Looking out from the cave entrance, they saw the clouds dissipating, revealing a magnificent view.Zh: 大家从洞口望出去，云雾消散，展现出壮丽的风景，翠绿的山丘在阳光的照耀下熠熠生辉。En: The verdant hills sparkled under the sunlight.Zh: 丽华环顾四周，看着脸上露出笑容的游客们。En: Li Hua looked around, seeing the smiles on the tourists' faces.Zh: 她意识到，冒险其实不一定要去很远的地方，有时就在眼前。En: She realized that adventure doesn't necessarily require traveling far; sometimes it's right before your eyes.Zh: 通过这次经历，她不仅保护了大家的安全，也体验了一次难忘的冒险。En: Through this experience, she not only ensured everyone's safety but also had an unforgettable adventure.Zh: 当天色恢复晴朗时，丽华带着大家安全地返回。En: When the sky returned to being clear, Li Hua safely led everyone back.Zh: 这次经历让她明白，自己能够平衡责任与冒险。En: This experience made her understand that she could balance responsibility with adventure.Zh: 有时，意想不到的挑战会带来最大的成就感。En: Sometimes, unexpected challenges bring the greatest sense of accomplishment.Zh: 当他们踏上归途，长城在他们的背后渐渐消逝，丽华的脸上带着满足的微笑，心中充满新的勇气与自信。En: As they began their journey home, leaving the Great Wall behind them, Li Hua wore a satisfied smile, her heart filled with new courage and confidence.Zh: 长城依旧伫立，而她，亦如长城般坚定。En: The Great Wall stood firm, and she, too, was as steadfast as the Wall. Vocabulary Words:suddenly: 骤变guide: 导游tourists: 游客yearns: 渴望adventure: 冒险remote: 偏远breathtaking: 美不胜收admire: 欣赏grandeur: 壮丽overcast: 阴云密布thunder: 雷声unease: 不安decision: 决定ensure: 确保shelter: 避storm: 风雨pounding: 打tension: 紧张test: 考验inspired: 给了灵感hint: 带着些许secret: 秘密gradually: 逐渐dissipating: 消散magnificent: 壮丽verdant: 翠绿sparkled: 熠熠生辉accomplishment: 成就感steadfast: 坚定courage: 勇气

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Bolstered by sustained policy support for trade-in programs, China's consumption is likely to continue its robust growth momentum in the second half of the year, better underpinning the country's stable economic growth amid mounting external uncertainties, analysts said.分析人士表示，在对以旧换新项目的持续政策支持的推动下，中国的消费可能会在今年下半年继续保持强劲的增长势头，在外部不确定性日益增加的情况下更好地支撑该国的稳定经济增长。China still has ample fiscal headroom to reinforce its trade-in initiative later this year should consumer demand exhaust its initial 300 billion yuan ($42 billion) allocation, they said, emphasizing that similar policy incentives could be extended to the service sector to foster more sustainable consumption growth.他们表示，如果消费者需求耗尽其最初的3000亿元人民币（420亿美元）的拨款，中国仍有充足的财政空间来加强其以旧换新计划，并强调类似的政策激励措施可以扩展到服务业，以促进更可持续的消费增长。On Tuesday, the Ministry of Finance announced the issuance of 11 ultra-long-term treasury bonds in the third quarter, with four of them seeing their timelines accelerated compared with the previous plan released in April. This will help maintain a continuous flow of funding to support policies meant to boost consumption, analysts said.周二，财政部宣布在第三季度发行11只超长期国债，其中4只的发行时间比4月份发布的计划提前。分析人士表示，这将有助于保持持续的资金流动，以支持旨在促进消费的政策。According to the National Development and Reform Commission, China's top economic regulator, the third group of fiscal funding through ultra-long-term treasury bonds for the consumer goods trade-in program is scheduled to be allocated in July.周二，财政部宣布在第三季度发行11只超长期国债，其中4只的发行时间比4月份发布的计划提前。分析人士表示，这将有助于保持持续的资金流动，以支持旨在促进消费的政策。The central government has earmarked 300 billion yuan in ultra-long-term treasury bonds to support the trade-in program for the whole year. The first two groups of fiscal funding, totaling 162 billion yuan, were allocated in January and April.中央政府已指定3000亿元人民币的超长期国债，以支持全年的置换计划。前两批财政资金共计1620亿元，分别于1月和4月拨付。"If the remaining 138 billion yuan runs out ahead of schedule, the possibility of unveiling additional funding this year cannot be ruled out," said Zhao Wei, chief economist at Shenwan Hongyuan Securities.申万宏源证券首席经济学家赵表示：“如果剩余的1380亿元提前用完，今年不排除推出额外资金的可能性。”。"As the trade war initiated by the United States still weighs on China's economy, efforts to shore up domestic demand will be of paramount importance to mitigate external shocks and maintain steady growth," he said.他说：“由于美国发起的贸易战仍对中国经济造成压力，提振内需对于缓解外部冲击和保持稳定增长至关重要。”。By avoiding a one-time, large-scale fund injection that could disrupt market dynamics, the phased allocation of the fiscal funds helps create a stable and supportive environment for the consumption recovery to take hold throughout the year, Zhao added.赵补充道，通过避免可能扰乱市场动态的一次性大规模资金注入，财政资金的分阶段分配有助于为全年的消费复苏创造稳定和支持性的环境。In late June, the People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, also pledged to leverage various tools in support of the trade-in programs, such as increasing credit support for recycling companies and home renovation suppliers and fast-track financing for manufacturers of energy-efficient smart home products.6月下旬，中国央行中国人民银行还承诺利用各种工具支持以旧换新计划，例如增加对回收公司和家居装修供应商的信贷支持，以及为节能智能家居产品制造商提供快速融资。"Boosted by the trade-in programs, sales of household appliances, furniture and communication devices have registered rapid growth. Sales related to trade-ins have surpassed 1.4 trillion yuan so far this year," said Li Chao, a spokeswoman for the National Development and Reform Commission, when addressing a news conference on June 26.国家发展和改革委员会发言人李超在6月26日的新闻发布会上表示：“在以旧换新计划的推动下，家用电器、家具和通信设备的销售额实现了快速增长。今年到目前为止，与以旧换旧相关的销售额已超过1.4万亿元。”。According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, China's consumer spending in May posted its strongest monthly growth since 2024, with retail sales of consumer goods expanding 6.4 percent year-on-year in May, a 1.3 percentage point increase from April.根据国家统计局的数据，中国5月份的消费支出出现了2024年以来最强劲的月度增长，5月份消费品零售额同比增长6.4%，比4月份增长1.3个百分点。Experts cautioned that although the trade-in policies have been effective in driving sales of consumers goods, they also carry the risk of front-loading consumer demand, which could create challenges down the line.专家警告称，尽管以旧换新政策有效地推动了消费品的销售，但它们也带来了提前满足消费者需求的风险，这可能会在未来带来挑战。"Providing similar consumption incentives to promote service sector spending could become a key policy lever going forward," said Jiang Zhao, an associate researcher at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation.中国国际贸易经济合作研究院副研究员江赵表示：“提供类似的消费激励措施来促进服务业支出，可能会成为未来的一个关键政策杠杆。”。Jiang noted that development patterns in advanced economies indicate that upon entering high-income status, nations typically experience a gradual rise in the proportion of service consumption. As China approaches this threshold, its consumption structure is transitioning from being focused on goods to being focused on both goods and services, he said.江指出，发达经济体的发展模式表明，进入高收入国家后，服务消费的比例通常会逐渐上升。他说，随着中国接近这一门槛，其消费结构正在从以商品为重点转变为以商品和服务为重点。Nevertheless, service consumption spans diverse sectors such as elderly care, tourism, fitness and healthcare, implying that subsidy programs would demand substantial fiscal funding and pose significant oversight challenges, Jiang said, adding that any decision to implement such incentives would require prudent assessment based on practical conditions.然而，江表示，服务消费涵盖了养老、旅游、健身和医疗保健等多个领域，这意味着补贴计划将需要大量的财政资金，并带来重大的监管挑战。他补充说，任何实施此类激励措施的决定都需要根据实际情况进行审慎评估。fast-track financingn.快速融资consumption structuren.消费结构

Knapp ein Jahr nach Veröffentlichung der großen AUF1-Dokumentation „Corona-Helden: Wir vergessen euch nicht!“ werden die mutigen Ärzte weiterhin vom Corona-Regime drangsaliert. Was bedeutet dies nun für Dr. Monika Jiang, und welche Möglichkeiten bleiben ihr, dagegen vorzugehen? Das erfährt AUF1 direkt von unserer Corona-Doku-Mutärztin persönlich.

Monika Jiang ist Autorin, Speakerin und Moderatorin und beschäftigt sich mit einem Gefühl, das jede:r kennt und trotzdem viele verdrängen: Einsamkeit.Monika erklärt mir, dass Einsamkeit kein Mangel, sondern ein Zustand ist. Dass sie uns manchmal überkommt wie ein Sog – und auch wieder geht. Wir reden über die Unterschiede zwischen westlichen und ostasiatischen Gesellschaften, über den Rückzug ins Digitale, die Illusion von Nähe auf Social Media und darüber, wie künstliche Intelligenz zum Seelsorgerersatz wird. Und wir fragen uns, wie man eigentlich echte Verbindung pflegen kann, wenn Zuhören und Beziehungspflege immer mehr zur Nebensache werden.Und wir landen schließlich bei der Frage, wie es wäre, wenn mehr Menschen einfach mal wieder „Hallo“ sagen würden – im Park, im Yogakurs oder im Aufzug. Aufzugtür auf für Monika Jiang!Monikas Empfehlung: Human LibraryDiese Folge wurde dir präsentiert von Schindler Aufzüge. Willst du noch mehr über Aufzüge erfahren und vielleicht mit uns ganz nach oben fahren, dann steig gern ein. Unter schindler.de/karriere findest du viele Möglichkeiten für Einsteiger und Senkrechtstarter.Steady: So kannst du meine Arbeit unterstützenHier findest du mehr über mich: WebsiteInstagramTwitterLinkedInDieser Podcast ist eine Produktion von Schønlein MediaProduktion und Schnitt: Tim RodenkirchenCoverart: Amadeus Fronk Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

China's recent expansion of its visa exemption program and its refined tax refund policy, coupled with the country's upgraded manufacturing capabilities, have sparked a surge in shopping enthusiasm among international travelers, experts said.专家表示，中国最近扩大了免签证计划和完善的退税政策，再加上该国制造能力的升级，引发了国际游客购物热情的激增。"The sight of foreign tourists arriving in China with empty suitcases, only to leave brimming with purchases, has become a prominent talking point," Jiang Zhao, associate researcher at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, told China Daily.中国国际贸易经济合作研究院副研究员赵在接受《中国日报》采访时表示：“外国游客带着空行李箱抵达中国，却带着满满的东西离开，这已经成为一个突出的话题。”。Jiang noted that this "shopping in China" phenomenon has been fueled by a confluence of factors, including the nation's extended visa-free policies, its world-class manufacturing capabilities, and the sheer variety and value proposition of consumer goods on offer.江指出，这种“在中国购物”现象是由多种因素共同推动的，包括中国延长的免签证政策、世界一流的制造能力以及所提供的消费品的种类和价值主张。"Since last year, China has expanded visa exemptions for citizens from a growing number of countries, significantly facilitating international visitors' shopping experiences," Jiang said.江说：“自去年以来，中国扩大了对越来越多国家公民的签证豁免，极大地促进了国际游客的购物体验。”。So far, China's 240-hour transit visa-free policy has been extended to people arriving from 55 countries, according to data released by the National Immigration Administration earlier this month.根据国家移民局本月早些时候公布的数据，到目前为止，中国的240小时过境免签证政策已扩展到来自55个国家的人。On top of the visa-exemption, China has also fine-tuned its departure tax refund policies, in an effort to optimize its consumption environment for global visitors.除了免签证外，中国还对离境退税政策进行了微调，以优化全球游客的消费环境。Key changes include lowering the minimum spending threshold for claiming a refund, raising the ceiling for cash refunds, expanding the number of eligible retailers and widening the scope of refundable goods.主要变化包括降低申请退款的最低消费门槛，提高现金退款的上限，扩大符合条件的零售商数量，扩大可退款商品的范围。At the heart of the new policy is a "refund-upon-purchase" model, which allows foreign tourists to claim value-added tax refunds instantly at the cash register, rather than waiting until they leave the country.新政策的核心是“购买后退款”模式，允许外国游客在收银台立即申请增值税退款，而不是等到他们离开该国。One month after the nation introduced its revamped departure tax refund policy on April 27, the number of processed refund transactions soared 116 percent year-on-year, while sales at participating stores surged 56 percent, data from the State Taxation Administration showed earlier this month.国家税务总局本月早些时候的数据显示，在国家于4月27日推出修订后的离境退税政策一个月后，处理的退税交易数量同比飙升116%，而参与商店的销售额飙升56%。Meanwhile, China has made significant strides in technological innovation and industrial upgrades in recent years, resulting in a remarkable improvement in the competitiveness of Chinese products, Jiang said.与此同时，近年来，中国在技术创新和产业升级方面取得了重大进展，使中国产品的竞争力显著提高，江说。Jiang noted that foreigners' shopping lists have evolved from traditional items such as silk and tea to high-value-added products such as drones and smart wearables. Chinese manufacturers now offer diverse, quality goods at competitive prices.江指出，外国人的购物清单已经从丝绸和茶叶等传统商品演变为无人机和智能可穿戴设备等高附加值产品。中国制造商现在以有竞争力的价格提供多样化、高质量的商品。Moreover, activities like wearing traditional Chinese attire and experiencing intangible cultural heritage tours have generated new consumption demand as foreign visitors explore Chinese culture, Jiang said.此外，江说，随着外国游客探索中国文化，穿着中国传统服装和体验非物质文化遗产旅游等活动产生了新的消费需求。"Moving forward, we should create more tourist-friendly commercial zones featuring multilingual signage, guides, and specialized shopping and dining maps catering to foreign visitors' preferences," Jiang said.江说：“今后，我们应该创建更多的旅游友好型商业区，配备多语言标牌、导游和专门的购物和餐饮地图，以满足外国游客的喜好。”。Additionally, promoting convergence between commerce, culture, tourism and sports can diversify consumption scenarios, ultimately elevating China's appeal as a global shopping destination, Jiang added.此外，促进商业、文化、旅游和体育的融合可以使消费场景多样化，最终提升中国作为全球购物目的地的吸引力，江补充道。Amid rising protectionism and intensifying geopolitical tensions globally, China's pursuit of a shared community for global consumption carries profound significance, Jiang said.江说，在保护主义抬头和全球地缘政治紧张局势加剧的背景下，中国追求全球消费共同体具有深远意义。"It cushions protectionism and enhances global trade resilience," Jiang said. "While certain nations impose trade restrictions and advocate supply chain decoupling, which fuels trade instability, China's expanded openness helps safeguard normal international economic cooperation and trade security."江说：“它缓冲了保护主义，增强了全球贸易的韧性。”。“虽然某些国家实施贸易限制并倡导供应链脱钩，这加剧了贸易不稳定，但中国扩大开放有助于维护正常的国际经济合作和贸易安全。”visa exemptionsn.签证豁免geopolitical tensionsn.地缘政治紧张

Send us a textIn this edition of our occasional recent research review, we focus on scientific evidence for dyslexic strengths.The articles we reference are:Lukic, S., Jiang, F., Mandelli, M. L., Qi, T., Inkelis, S. M., Rosenthal, E., Miller, Z., Wellman, E., Bunge, S. A., Gorno‑Tempini, M. L., & Pereira, C. W. (2025).A semantic strength and neural correlates in developmental dyslexia. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, Article 1405425. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1405425 Maw, K. J., Beattie, G., & Burns, E. J. (2024).Cognitive strengths in neurodevelopmental disorders, conditions and differences: A critical review. Neuropsychologia, 197, Article 108850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108850Dyslexia Journey has conversations and explorations to help you support the dyslexic child in your life. Content includes approaches, tips, and interviews with a range of guests from psychologists to educators to people with dyslexia. Increase your understanding and connection with your child as you help them embrace their uniqueness and thrive on this challenging journey!Send us your questions, comments, and guest suggestions to parentingdyslexiajourney@gmail.comAlso check out our YouTube channel! https://www.youtube.com/@ParentingDyslexiaJourney

On the night of February 6, 2021, 26-year-old grad student Kevin Jiang left his fiancée's apartment in New Haven, CT. After he got into his car, another car crashed into it from behind. Upon getting out of his car to check on the man who hit him, Kevin was fatally shot by the driver. After the shooter got away, the case progressed from a potentially random crime to a manhunt for an armed and dangerous man. Kevin's Youtube Channel: / @kalosthenics    Jennifer Dulos Part 1: From “Perfect” Marriage To Possible Murder...   Jennifer Dulos Part 2: No Body, No Problem: Guilty Verdict Reache...   — This episode is sponsored by: -Rula - Rula patients typically pay $15 per session when using insurance. Connect with quality therapists and mental health experts who specialize in you at https://www.rula.com/tckr #rulapod -Olipop -Hello Fresh -Cash App - Download Cash App Today: https://capl.onelink.me/vFut/4g1zpylb #CashAppPod -Quince Check out my foundation: Higher Hope Foundation: https://www.higherhope.org/ Watch my documentaries: 530 Days: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjUWkmOjNLk Apartment 801: https://bit.ly/2RJ9XXr  True Crime with Kendall Rae podcast: Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3rks84o Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3jC66pr Shop my Merch! https://kendallrae.shop Check out my other podcasts: Mile Higher (True Crime) @milehigherpod YouTube: https://bit.ly/2ROzJcw Instagram: http://instagram.com/milehigherpod The Sesh (Current events, a little true crime, pop culture, and commentary) https://bit.ly/3Mtoz4X @the_seshpodcast Instagram: https://bit.ly/3a9t6Xr *Follow My Social!* @KendallRaeOnyt Instagram: http://instagram.com/kendallraeonyt Facebook: https://bit.ly/3kar4NK True Crime TikTok: https://bit.ly/3VDbc77 Personal TikTok: https://bit.ly/41hmRKg REQUESTS: General case suggestion form: https://zfrmz.com/yg9cuiWjUe2QY3hSC2V0 Form for people directly related/close to the victim: https://zfrmz.com/HGu2hZso42aHxARt1i67 Join my discord to chat with other viewers about this video, it's free! https://discord.com/invite/an4stY9BCN C O N T A C T: For Business Inquiries - kendallrae@night.co Send me mail: Kendall Rae 8547 E Arapahoe Rd Ste J #233 Greenwood Village, CO 80112

In this episode of the Award-winning PRS Journal Club Podcast, 2025 Resident Ambassadors to the PRS Editorial Board – Christopher Kalmar, Ilana Margulies, and Amanda Sergesketter- and special guest, Chris Campbell, MD, discuss the following articles from the June 2025 issue: “Intraoperative Surgical Guidance for DIEP Flap Harvest Using Augmented Reality” by Edgcumbe, Jiang, Ho, et al. Read the article for FREE: https://bit.ly/DIEP_AR Special guest, Chris Campbell, MD is the director of microsurgery and associate program director of the Plastic Surgery Residency Program at the University of Virginia. In addition to his cosmetic practice, Dr. Campbell performs complex cancer reconstruction. After completing undergraduate and medical school at the University of North Carolina, he completed plastic surgery residency at the University of Virginia and completed subspecialty training in cancer reconstruction and microsurgery at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston.  READ the articles discussed in this podcast as well as free related content: https://bit.ly/JCJune25Collection The views expressed by hosts and guests are their own and do not necessarily reflect the official policies or positions of ASPS.

The post Minyang Jiang on AI augmentation, transcending constraints, fostering creativity, and the levers of AI strategy (AC Ep6) appeared first on Humans + AI.

In this video, Dr. Ettensohn examines the growing claim that Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is almost entirely genetic, offering a critical, clinically grounded reflection on what the current science actually supports—and where it falls short. He discusses how genetic contributions to personality traits are often misunderstood, and why claims of “hardwired narcissism” oversimplify a profoundly complex developmental process. Drawing from empirical research, neurodevelopmental theory, and clinical observation, Dr. Ettensohn explores how narcissistic pathology emerges not simply from temperament, but from early relational experiences—especially chronic emotional neglect, inconsistent attunement, and conditional regard. He addresses how brain plasticity, diagnostic controversies, and the misunderstood vulnerable core of NPD further complicate the genetic narrative. This video offers a nuanced perspective for anyone seeking to understand NPD beyond reductive models, emphasizing the importance of relational context, developmental history, and psychological depth. References: Brummelman, E., Thomaes, S., Nelemans, S. A., Orobio de Castro, B., Overbeek, G., & Bushman, B. J. (2015). Origins of narcissism in children. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(12), 3659–3662. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1420870112 Chen, Y., Jiang, X., Sun, Y., & Wang, Y. (2023). Neuroanatomical markers of social cognition in neglected adolescents. NeuroImage: Clinical, 38, 103501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103501 Gatz, M., Reynolds, C. A., Fratiglioni, L., Johansson, B., Mortimer, J. A., Berg, S., & Pedersen, N. L. (2006). Role of genes and environments for explaining Alzheimer disease. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63(2), 168–174. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.63.2.168 Horton, R. S., Bleau, G., & Drwecki, B. (2006). Parenting Narcissus: What are the links between parenting and narcissism? Journal of Personality, 74(2), 345–376. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00380.x Luo, Y. L. L., Cai, H., & Song, H. (2014). A behavioral genetic study of intrapersonal and interpersonal dimensions of narcissism. PLOS ONE, 9(4), e93403. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093403 Nenadić, I., Lorenz, C., & Gaser, C. (2021). Narcissistic personality traits and prefrontal brain structure. Scientific Reports, 11, 15707. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94920-z Otway, L. J., & Vignoles, V. L. (2006). Narcissism and childhood recollections: A quantitative test of psychoanalytic predictions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(1), 104–116. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167205279907 Schulze, L., Dziobek, I., Vater, A., Heekeren, H. R., Bajbouj, M., Renneberg, B., & Roepke, S. (2013). Gray matter abnormalities in patients with narcissistic personality disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 47(10), 1363–1369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.05.017 Skodol, A. E. (2012). The revision of personality disorder diagnosis in DSM-5: What's new? Current Psychiatry Reports, 14(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-011-0243-2

  Last time we spoke about the Xi'an Incident. In December 1936, tensions in China erupted as Nationalist General Chiang Kai-shek faced a revolt led by his commanders, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng. Disillusioned by Chiang's focus on battling communists instead of the Japanese invaders, the generals swiftly captured him in a coup. Confined in Xi'an, Chiang initially resisted their demands for a united front against Japan but eventually engaged in negotiation with Zhang and the Chinese Communist Party. As public sentiment shifted against him, Chiang's predicament led to urgent discussions, culminating in an unexpected alliance with the communists. This pact aimed to consolidate Chinese resistance against Japanese aggression, marking a critical turning point in the Second Sino-Japanese War. By December 26, Chiang was released, and this uneasy collaboration set the stage for a more unified front against a common enemy, though underlying tensions remained between the factions.   #152 China Prepares for War Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Before we jump into the Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937-1945, which I honestly have no idea how long will take us, I thought it would be a good idea to dedicate two episodes to how both China and Japan prepared themselves for war.  Going all the way back to the 1910s, Chinese intellectuals began to view an outright conflict between Japan and China was inevitable. In the discussions about China's strategic options, Jiang Fangzhen pioneered a strategy of protracted warfare, a concept that would later shape China's approach during the Sino-Japanese War. Having studied in Japan during his youth, Jiang developed a keen understanding of the Japanese government and military. As early as 1917, he predicted that China and Japan would become embroiled in a long-term conflict, with the battleground likely to be west of the Peiping–Wuhan and Guangzhou–Wuhan railways. In his work titled "Guofang Lun" or “On National Defense”, Jiang reiterated the importance of protracted warfare as a means to thwart Japan's aspirations for a swift victory. He argued that China should leverage its vast population and extensive territory to extend the conflict, gradually wearing down Japanese strength and turning the situation to its advantage. Jiang recommended that China not focus on defending its coastal regions but instead confront the enemy west of the Peking–Wuhan Railway.   Chiang Kai-shek would eventually come to share Jiang's belief that “the longer the war drags on, the more advantageous it will be for China.” Despite significant public criticism, both the Nationalist government and General Zhang Xueliang, decided against military resistance when Japan invaded Manchuria in September 1931 and attacked Shanghai in 1932. Chiang was particularly hesitant to engage Japan directly, as he was also dealing with a Communist insurgency in central China. He feared that Chinese forces would suffer quick defeat, predicting that Japan would capture key coastal areas and critical infrastructure within just three days, crippling China by dismantling its military and economic lifelines. Following the invasion of North China Chiang was forced to adopt a firmer stance. The Nationalist government proposed a dual strategy of pursuing peace and security while simultaneously preparing for war. If peace proved impossible, China would mobilize its resources for ultimate victory through prolonged conflict. This approach was formalized in the National Defense Plan, which China adopted by prioritizing protracted warfare as its core strategy. After the Sino-Japanese clash in Shanghai on January 28, 1932, the Military Affairs Commission devised a plan that divided China into four defense areas along with a preparation area. While some troops were assigned local security, commanders were directed to concentrate their remaining forces for potential confrontations with Japan. That year, the Military Affairs Commission issued General Defense Guidelines that outlined two strategic responses to a potential Japanese invasion. The first, conservative approach focused on maintaining key positions and utilizing protracted warfare to impede the enemy. The second strategy advocated for decisive battles in key regions to thwart Japan's ambitions and protect China's territorial integrity, prioritizing disengagement from Japanese forces along the Yangtze River and coastline. In August 1935, German military adviser General Alexander von Falkenhausen provided recommendations to Chiang Kai-shek based on his predictions of Japanese advance routes into China. He identified three main routes: one from northern Hebei to Zhengzhou, the second from Shandong toward Xuzhou, and the third crossing the Yangtze River to Nanjing and onwards to Wuhan. He suggested treating the Yangtze River as the primary combat zone and highlighted Sichuan as a possible retreat area. Taking all of this into consideration. in 1936, a draft of a new National Defense Plan divided the country into four zones: a war zone, a defense zone, an internal security zone, and a preparation area. The war zone encompassed ten provinces and established strategies for retreating to predetermined defensive positions when necessary, with Sichuan designated as the main base for the war. In January 1937, the Chinese General Staff Department introduced its annual War Plan, outlining three possible military conflict regions between China and Japan. It proposed two main strategies: Proposal A emphasized sustained combat and retreat to fortified positions if the situation became unfavorable, aiming to eventually go on the offensive against Japan. Proposal B focused on repelling Japanese invasions along the coast and from the north, prioritizing counter offensives against Japanese units stationed near key locations. To prepare, the NRA completed several critical projects outlined in its plans, establishing military supply depots in Nanjing, Bengbu, Xinyang, Huayin, Nanchang, and Wuchang to manage logistics for supplies across various strategic railways. These depots were equipped to sustain the military, with ample ammunition and provisions, including 60 million rounds of small-arms ammunition and food for hundreds of thousands. Despite these preparations, not all projects were completed by the time war broke out in July 1937. In contrast to the Japanese military's tactics, Chinese forces prioritized defensive strategies. For example, at the Mount Lushan Military Officer Training Camp in July 1934, Chiang Kai-shek outlined four possible approaches against Japan, favoring a defense-as-offense strategy. Other options included building fortifications, tenaciously defending key positions, and employing guerrilla warfare through irregular forces to constrain enemy advances. Chiang stressed the importance of national mobilization for the war effort.  There was a significant disparity in equipment between the Japanese and Chinese armies. To give you an idea, each Japanese division included a mechanized group featuring thirty-nine light military vehicles and 21 light armored cars, supplemented by 6,000–7,000 horses, 200–300 automobiles, and specialized troops such as poison gas teams. In contrast, Nationalist divisions lacked any of these capabilities, a typical nationalist division theoretically had an armored regiment, but this unit was equipped with fewer than 72 armored vehicles. Another major weakness of the Nationalist forces was their insufficient artillery. In 1936, a division was officially assigned one artillery battalion, which was divided into three batteries totaling twelve guns. It also included a mechanized cannon company with four direct-fire weapons. By comparison, a Japanese division boasted four infantry regiments and one mountain artillery or field artillery regiment, with each artillery regiment comprising three field artillery battalions and one howitzer battalion. The infantry regiment itself included a mountain artillery section with four mountain guns, while the infantry battalion had one Type 70 mountain gun section with two guns. In total, a Japanese division possessed sixty-four artillery pieces of various calibers, four times the number of a Chinese division and of significantly higher quality. In reality, in 1936, twelve of the twenty elite Chinese “reformed divisions” still lacked artillery battalions. The ordnance available in the “reformed divisions” mostly consisted of the outdated Type 60 mountain gun. Nationwide, very few of the 200 divisions were equipped with any artillery, and those that did often used obsolete field artillery pieces or mountain artillery provided to local forces. Some units even relied on trench mortars as a makeshift solution. The artillery weapons came from various countries, but they frequently lacked necessary observation and signal components, and were often low on ammunition. The majority of mountain guns and field artillery were of the Type 75, which, while capable of providing fire support, had limited range and inflicted minimal damage. To give you an idea of the striking inadequacy of the Chinese artillery, during the Shanghai fighting in 1937, the mountain artillery of the Guangxi 21st Army Group could only reach targets within 1,200 yards, while Japanese field artillery had an effective range of 8,000 yards. Chinese-made mountain artillery suffered due to inferior steel-making technology; the gun shields were constructed from low-quality steel, and the barrels often overheated after firing just a few rounds, increasing the risk of explosions. Additionally, the equipment of local forces varied greatly in quality. In fact, some local units had superior equipment compared to Nationalist units. For example, before the Sino-Japanese War, troops from Yunnan were equipped with French antitank guns and heavy machine guns, which were better than the German water-cooled machine guns used by the Nationalist forces. However, the majority of local troops relied on inferior equipment; the 122nd Division under Wang Mingzhang from Sichuan, noted for its brave defense of Tengxian County during the Xuzhou Battle, was armed with locally produced light and heavy machine guns that frequently malfunctioned, and their Type 79 rifles, also made in Sichuan, were often outdated, with some dating back to the Qing Dynasty. These weapons had limited range and sometimes malfunctioned after fewer than one hundred rounds. Now before the war, both Nationalist and local forces acquired weaponry from diverse foreign and domestic sources. Even domestically produced weapons lacked standardization, with those made in Hanyang and Manchuria differing in design and specifications. Arms manufactured in Germany, France, Russia, Japan, and Italy were similarly inconsistent. Consequently, even within a single unit, the lack of uniformity created significant logistical challenges, undermining combat effectiveness, particularly in the early stages of the war. Despite Nationalist ordnance factories producing over three million rounds of small-arms ammunition daily, the incompatibility of ammunition and weapons diminished the usable quantity of ammunition. Chinese communications infrastructure was inadequate. In the Nationalist army, signal units were integrated into engineering units, leading to low-quality radio communications. In emergencies, telegrams could remain undelivered for days, and orders often had to be dispatched via postal services. By 1937, the entire country boasted only 3,000 military vehicles, necessitating heavy reliance on horses and mules for transport. To effectively equip twenty Nationalist divisions, 10,647 horses and 20,688 mules were needed, but by the end of 1935, only 6,206 horses and 4,351 mules were available. A statistic from 1936 indicated a 5 percent mortality rate among military horses, with some units experiencing a rate as high as 10 percent. The distribution of weaponry led to disputes during army reorganization efforts following the Northern Expedition. Although Chiang Kai-shek's forces were part of the regular army, the quality of their equipment varied significantly. Domestic production of weapons was limited, and imports could not close the gap. Priority was given to small arms; through army reorganization, Chiang aimed to diminish the influence of forces less loyal to him. Nationalist army staff officers observed that troops loyal to Chiang received the best weapons. Northwest and Northeast forces, having cultivated good relations with the KMT, were similarly better equipped, while Shanxi troops received inferior supplies. Troops associated with the Guangxi Clique were given even poorer quality weapons due to their leaders' stronger political ambitions. Troops regarded as “bandit forces,” such as those led by Shi Yousan, Li Hongchang, and Sun Dianying, were naturally assigned the least effective weaponry. This unequal distribution of arms increased some local forces' inclination to align with the KMT while alienating others, which inadvertently led to additional turmoil in the aftermath of the Northern Expedition. Logistical accounting within the Nationalist military was severely lacking. Military expenditures accounted for a significant portion of government spending, roughly 65.48 % in 1937, with personnel costs being the largest component. However, military units prioritized boosting their own resources over accurate accounting. Surpluses were not returned but rather utilized to reward military officers and soldiers for merits in battle, care for the wounded, or to create a reserve. Conversely, if deficits arose, troops would resort to “living off vacancies,” a practice in which they would fail to report desertions promptly and would falsely claim new soldiers had arrived. Military leaders typically appointed their most trusted subordinates to serve as accountants and logistic officers. As the war commenced, these issues became readily apparent. During the Battle of Shanghai in 1937, frontline soldiers sometimes went days without food and went months without pay. Wounded soldiers and civilians had to search tirelessly for medical treatment, and when main forces relocated, they often abandoned grain, ammunition, weapons, and petroleum along the way. General Chen Cheng, the commander in chief during the Battle of Shanghai, noted, “This phenomenon clearly revealed our inability to supply frontline troops, indicating that China remains a backward country with poor management.” Many logistical shortcomings severely impacted troop morale and combat effectiveness. In a 1933 speech, Chiang Kai-shek acknowledged that poor food, inadequate clothing, and ineffective logistics contributed to widespread desertion. Soldiers were further demoralized by reduced or embezzled salaries. A lack of professional medical staff and equipment hampered healthcare efforts, leading to high disease and mortality rates. According to official statistics from 1936, approximately 10 percent of soldiers fell ill annually, with a mortality rate as high as 5 percent. Japanese military authorities reported that one in three wounded Japanese soldiers died, while a Dutch military officer present during the early stages of the Sino-Japanese War observed that one in every two wounded Nationalist soldiers perished. Due to inadequate equipment and limited transport options, Nationalist forces were compelled to recruit farmers and rent vehicles, as they lacked essential facilities such as tents. This reliance on local resources inevitably led to frequent conflicts between military personnel and civilians. China is clearly a vast nation with an extensive coastline, requiring the construction of several significant fortresses during the modern era. These included Wusong, Jiangyin, Zhenjiang, Jiangning, and Wuhan along the Yangtze River, as well as Zhenhai, Humen, and Changzhou along the seacoast. Except for the Wuhan fortress, built in 1929-1930, all other fortifications were established during the late Qing Dynasty and featured uncovered cannon batteries. These fortresses suffered from inadequate maintenance, and many of their components had become outdated and irreplaceable, rendering them militarily negligible. Following the January 1932 Shanghai Incident, the Japanese military destroyed the Wusong forts, leaving the entrance to the Yangtze River completely unfortified. Consequently, there were no defenses along the coastline from Jiangsu to Shandong, allowing the Japanese to land freely. In December 1932, the Military Affairs Commission established a fortress group tasked with constructing fortresses and defensive installations, seeking assistance from German military advisers. After the North China Incident in 1935, the Nationalist government accelerated the construction of defensive structures in line with national war planning, focusing particularly on Nanjing. The Nationalists prioritized building fortifications along the seacoast and the Yellow River, followed by key regions north of the Yellow River. The government also ordered a significant quantity of heavy artillery from Germany. This included several dozen pieces of flat-fire antiaircraft and dual-purpose heavy artillery, which were installed at fortifications in Jiangyin, Zhenjiang, Nanjing, and Wuhan. By the summer of 1937, the construction of nine fortified positions was complete: Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Jiangyin, Ningbo, Humen, Mawei, Xiamen , Nantong, and Lianyungang. In total, China had established 41 forts and equipped them with 273 fortress cannons. Some defensive installations were poorly managed, with many units assigned to their perimeters lacking training and access to proper maps. The barbette positions in the fortresses were not well concealed and could hardly store sufficient ammunition. Troops stationed at these fortresses received little training. Despite these shortcomings, the fortresses and fortifications were not entirely ineffective. They bolstered Chinese positions along the defense line stretching from Cangxian County to Baoding and from Dexian County to Shijiazhuang, as well as in southern Shandong.  Before the war, China's political and economic center was situated along the seacoast and the Yangtze River. As Japanese influence expanded, the Nationalist government was compelled to establish bases in China's inner regions, very similar to how the USSR pulled back its industry further west after Operation barbarossa.The Japanese attack on Shanghai in 1932 prompted the Nationalists to relocate their capital to Luoyang. On March 5, during the Second Plenary Session of the KMT's Fourth Congress, the Western Capital Preparation Committee was formed to plan for the potential relocation of all governmental bodies to Xi'an in the event of full-scale war. In February 1933, the Central Political Conference approved the Northwest Development Bill, and in February 1934, the National Economic Commission set up a northwestern branch to oversee development projects in the region. On October 18, 1934, Chiang Kai-shek traveled to Lanzhou, recording in his diary that “Northwest China has abundant resources. Japan and Russia are poised to bully us. Yet, if we strengthen ourselves and develop northwest China to the fullest extent, we can turn it into a base for China's revival.” Interestingly, it was Sichuan, rather than the northwest, that became China's rear base during the 2nd Sino-Japanese War. In October 1934, the Communist army evacuated its Soviet base in southern China, initiating the Long March that would ultimately end in the northwest. By this time, Chiang Kai-shek had decided to designate Sichuan as the last stronghold for China. In January 1935, the Nanchang Field Headquarters of the Military Affairs Commission, responsible for combatting the Communists and serving as the supreme military and political authority over most provinces along the Yangtze River and central China, dispatched a special advisory group to Chongqing. Following this, the Nationalist army advanced into Sichuan. On February 10, the Nationalists appointed a new provincial government in Sichuan, effectively ending the province's long-standing regionalism. On March 2, Chiang traveled to Chongqing, where he delivered a speech underscoring that “Sichuan should serve as the base for China's revival.” He stated that he was in Sichuan to oversee efforts against the Communist army and to unify the provincial administration.  After the Xinhai revolution, the Republic of China was still suing the Qing Dynasty's conscription system. However, once in power, the Nationalist government sought to establish a national military service program. In 1933, it enacted a military service law, which began implementation in 1936. This law categorized military service into two branches: service in the Nationalist army and in territorial citizen army units. Men aged eighteen to forty-five were expected to serve in the territorial units if they did not enlist in the Nationalist army. The territorial service was structured into three phases: active service lasting two to three years, first reserves for six years, and second reserves until the age of forty-five. The Ministry of Military Affairs divided China into sixty divisional conscription headquarters, initially establishing these headquarters in the six provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, and Hubei. By December 1936, approximately 50,000 new soldiers had been drafted. The military service law disproportionately favored the middle and upper classes. Government personnel were exempt from enlistment, allowing privileged families to register their children with government agencies. Similarly, students in middle and higher education were excused from service, while youth from poorer backgrounds often felt compelled to enlist due to financial constraints that limited their educational opportunities. Village and town leaders were responsible for executing the recruitment process and frequently conspired with army recruiters. Recruitment principles often favored wealthier families, with guidelines stating that one son should be drafted for every three sons, two for five sons, but no drafts if there was only one son. Wealthy families could secure exemptions for all their male children, while poor families might see their only son conscripted if they were unable to provide the requisite bribe. Town and village heads wielded significant power in recruitment. This new recruitment system also created numerous money-making opportunities. Military personnel assigned to escort draftees to their units would often allow draftees to escape for a fee. Additionally, draftees could monetize their service by agreeing to serve as substitutes for others. For some, being drafted became an occupation. For example, in 1936, 600 individuals were drafted in the Wuhu area of Anhui province, and accounts from regional administrators indicated that every draftee had either been traded, replaced, or seized. Beginning in 1929, the Nationalist government also instituted military training for high school students and older individuals. Students were required to participate in one theoretical class and one practical class each week, totaling three hours. Starting in 1934, students had to complete a three-month military training program before graduating. Graduates of military academies were employed as military instructors. By the end of 1936, over 237,000 high school students had undergone military training. This student military training was overseen by the Society for the Implementation of the Three People's Principles of Sun Yat-sen, which also provided political education and sometimes gathered information on students' political beliefs.  Although the Nationalists made significant efforts to improve the military training of both officers and troops, they inherited deep-seated challenges that they were unable to completely overcome. A lack of facilities, outdated training manuals, low regard for military instructors, and the ongoing influence of regionalism and warlordism hindered progress. The Japanese would also later exploit these shortcomings of the Nationalist army. The Central Military Academy, which evolved from the Whampoa Military Academy established in 1923 in Guangzhou to train officers for the Northern Expedition, became the primary training institution for junior military officers. The academy offered a basic course, lasting eighteen months, which included general education, specialized training in various subjects, and field practice. This was followed by a two-year cadet training program focused on developing the skills necessary for junior military officers. Seventeen classes were admitted before the outbreak of war. Admission to the academy was highly competitive, with military officers receiving attractive salaries. For instance, in 1935, the academy received 10,000 applications for the twelfth class, but only 7% were accepted. Upon graduation, cadets were typically assigned to divisions within the Nationalist army loyal to Chiang Kai-shek. Their training, influenced by German advisors, resulted in a high-quality cadre. In modern China, most sergeants were veterans. While some units provided training for sergeants, a lack of formal education led to their diminished status. Truly qualified sergeants were rare. During his tenure as Minister of Military Training, General Bai Chongxi proposed establishing a sergeant school and creating a professional noncommissioned officer system; however, the Ministry of Military Affairs opposed this on financial grounds. While commanding officers enjoyed rapid promotions, military instructors did not. Furthermore, there was no system for transferring instructors to field commands or assigning commanders to military academies for extended periods. Despite minor updates to cover modern warfare concepts such as tank warfare and machine guns, Qing Dynasty military manuals were still in use at the Central Military Academy at the start of the war. Yeah, 1937 they were still rocking the old Qing books. Following the establishment of the Ministry of Military Training, a bureau for military translation was set up to evaluate existing course materials and translate military manuals, but its contributions were limited. Another significant shortcoming of military instruction focused on theory at the expense of practical application.  To enhance the quality of military officers, the Nationalist army instituted specialized schools for artillery, infantry, transport, engineering, and signals starting in 1931. These institutions were considered to have high-quality administrators and facilities. The Nationalists adopted German military training models, replacing the previously used Japanese models. They appointed German advisors to oversee instructor training at military academies and established three instructional divisions. By the onset of the Sino-Japanese War, 15,000 students had graduated from programs with a German military influence, resulting in the creation of about fifty combat divisions from these instructional units. However, the progress of other Nationalist army units was limited because their training was not aligned with contemporary battlefield realities. Before World War I, troops operated in close formations due to limited firepower. The widespread introduction of machine guns after World War I necessitated a shift to dispersed formations. Although a new drill manual issued by the Ministry of Military Training in 1935 introduced small-group tactics, few units adopted these methods. General Chen Cheng highlighted another underlying issue in 1938, commenting on the outmoded focus on parade ground drills and formal military manners. He noted, “We have paid too much attention to stereotypical formality and procedures of no practical use. Sometimes, even though soldiers could not get a haircut or take a bath for several months, their camps had to be in order. They underwent intensive training in close-order drill but learned little about gun handling, marksmanship, or maneuvering. This was inappropriate in peacetime, yet we continued this practice even after the Sino-Japanese War started, even using it on highly educated youth.” In contrast, the Communist army simplified training, emphasizing two essential skills: live-fire exercises and physical endurance, which significantly enhanced troop effectiveness in the challenging terrain characteristic of the Sino-Japanese War. Ultimately, the Nationalist army's training did not reach all soldiers. Only about half of all combat soldiers received adequate training, while the rest were neglected. According to statistics from the time, there were approximately five million military personnel during the Sino-Japanese War, with three million serving in logistics. Most of these logistics personnel had received little training, leading to disastrous consequences for overall combat effectiveness. As warfare has become more complex, the role of highly trained staff officers has become increasingly important. Napoleon developed operational plans close to the front and communicated orders via courier. During World War I, military commanders collected information at their headquarters and utilized telephones and automobiles to relay orders to the front lines. In World War II, with the battlefield expanding to include land, sea, and air, senior commanders often made decisions from headquarters far from the action, relying on a significant number of staff officers with specialized skills to keep them informed. In China, however, the staff officer system was underdeveloped. By 1937, only about 2,000 commanders and staff officers had received training. Prior to the Sino-Japanese War, most commanders managed staff work themselves, with staff officers serving primarily as military secretaries who drafted orders, reports, and maps. Many staff officers had no formal military training, and as a whole, the branch lacked respect, causing the most talented officers to avoid serving in it. The situation was even more dire for staff officer departments within local forces. For example, in March 1937, Liu Ziqing, a graduate of the Whampoa Military Academy, was appointed as the director of political instruction in the Forty-fourth Army, a unit under Sichuan warlord Liu Xiang. Liu Ziqing's account illustrates the dysfunction within the ranks: “The commander in chief was not supposed to manage the army and even did not know its whereabouts... But he could appoint relatives and former subordinates—who were officials and businessmen as well—to the army. Each month they would receive a small stipend. At headquarters, there was a long table and two rows of chairs. Around ten o'clock in the morning, senior officers signed in to indicate their presence. Those with other business would leave, while the remaining officers sat down to leisurely discuss star actresses, fortune-telling, business projects, mah-jongg, and opium. Occasionally they would touch on national affairs, chat about news articles, or share local gossip. In the afternoons, they primarily played mah-jongg, held banquets, and visited madams. Most mornings, the commander usually presided over these activities, and at first, I reported for duty as well. But I soon realized it was a waste of time and came very rarely. At headquarters, most staff members wore long gowns or Western-style suits, while military uniforms were a rare sight.” Most senior military personnel were trained at the Baoding Military Academy during the early republic. 2/3rds of commanders in chief, 37 %of army commanders, and 20 % of division commanders were Baoding graduates. Higher-ranking officers were more likely to have launched their careers there. In contrast, only 10 % of division commanders and a few army commanders were graduates of the Whampoa Military Academy. Additionally, commanders trained in local military schools and those with combat experience accounted for 1/3rd of all commanders. While the prevalence of civil war provided opportunities for rapid promotion, it also hindered officers' ability to update their training or gain experience in different military branches. German advisors expressed their concerns to Chiang Kai-shek, emphasizing that officers should first serve in junior roles before taking command. During one battle in 1938, Chiang noted, “Our commanders in chief are equivalent only to our enemy's regiment commanders, and our army and division commanders are only as competent as our enemy's battalion and company commanders.” Despite not viewing high-ranking Japanese officers as great strategists, Nationalist officers respected them as highly competent, diligent, and professional commanders who rarely made critical errors. The infantry was the primary component of the Nationalist army, with middle and junior infantry officers constituting over 80 %of all army officers. A 1936 registry of military officers listed 1,105 colonels and 2,159 lieutenant colonels within the infantry, demonstrating a significant outnumbering of Baoding graduates at ranks below lieutenant colonel. However, the quality of middle and junior infantry officers declined during the Sino-Japanese War; by 1944, only 27.3 % of these officers were from formal military academies, while those promoted from the ranks increased to 28.1 %. In 1937, 80 % of officers in an ordinary infantry battalion were military academy graduates, but this percentage dropped to 20 % during the war. Its hard to tell how educated soldiers were before the war, but it is generally believed that most were illiterate. In 1929, sociologist Tao Menghe surveyed 946 soldiers from a Shanxi garrison brigade and found that only 13 percent could compose a letter independently, while the rest had either never learned to read or were unable to write. In contrast, in August 1938, General Feng Yuxiang found that 80 percent of a regiment in Hunan were literate. Regardless, during the Sino-Japanese War, the quality of recruits steadily declined. More than 90 percent of soldiers were illiterate, and few possessed any basic scientific knowledge, which hindered their ability to master their weapons. On the battlefield, they heavily relied on middle and junior officers for guidance.  In autumn 1933, General Hans von Seeckt, the architect of the post World War I German army, visited China at the personal invitation of Chiang Kai-shek. In his recommendations for military reform, he identified China's greatest problem as its excessively large forces drawn from diverse backgrounds. He stated, “At present, the most pressing goal is to... establish a small, well-equipped army with high morale and combat effectiveness to replace the numerous poorly armed and trained forces.” He suggested forming an army of sixty divisions and recommended the establishment of a training regiment for military officers to equip them with the skills needed for modern warfare. Chiang Kai-shek accepted von Seeckt's proposals, and on January 26, 1935, he convened a National Military Reorganization Conference in Nanjing. On March 1, the Army Reorganization Bureau was established in Wuchang, under the leadership of General Chen Cheng. In the same month, General Alexander von Falkenhausen took charge of the German Military Advisors Group. Before war broke out, around nineteen divisions, roughly 300,000 troops received training from German advisors and were equipped with German-style weapons. At the onset of the Sino-Japanese War, the forces stemming from the First Army of the National Revolutionary Army and the Whampoa cadets, who had fought in the Northern Expedition, held the highest reputation and were referred to as the “core central forces” by the Japanese. Other notable forces included the Guangxi Army, Northwestern Army, Northeastern Army, some Uyghur units, the Guangdong Army, and the Shanxi Army. In contrast, provincial forces such as the Yunnan Army and Sichuan Army were viewed less favorably. Nationalist forces were generally far inferior to those of the Japanese enemy. In 1937, General He Yingqin noted that Nationalist forces had failed to prevail in 1932 and 1933, even when outnumbering the Japanese by 4-1.  In November 1937, during a national defense conference, Chiang Kai-shek stated, "In recent years we have worked hard, prepared actively, and achieved national unification. By the time of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, we were in a better domestic situation and had improved military preparedness compared to before. Since 1935, our strength has doubled. It increased by more than two to three times since January 1932 or September 1931 [when Japan attacked Shanghai and Mukden]. If peace had been achievable, we should have delayed the war for two or three years. Given an additional three years, our defensive capabilities would have been drastically different... Now, if we merely compare the military strength of China and Japan, we are certainly inferior." However, such assessments were overly optimistic, as Chiang failed to recognize that Japan's military capabilities would not have stagnated. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek certainly was dealt a difficult hand of cards for the upcoming poker match he was to play. Yet the Chinese were resilient and they had to be for the absolute horror that would be inflicted upon them from 1937-1945. Until this point, their enemies had been far more lenient, the Empire of Japan would show no mercy.

This week on the Talk Without Rhythm Podcast I'm bringing this year's AniMayTion to a close with two animated films from China: 2019's Ne Zha and 2020's Jiang Ziya. [00:00] INTRO [01:49] The Good, the Bad, the Odd Promo [02:32] RANDOM CONVERSATION [17:47] Ne Zha (2019) [49:08] Jiang Ziya (2020) [01:13:48] FEEDBACK [01:17:35] ENDING MUSIC: Please Believe in a Dream by Charlie Zhou Shen Buy Ne Zha (2019)Buy Jiang Ziya (2020) Support TWoRP Contact Us talkwithoutrhythm@gmail.com

Every Friday, we're highlighting a panel from the TBRCon2025 all-virtual SF/F/H convention, looking back on the incredible variety of discussions that we had the honor of hosting.This week, join moderator/author Tracy Cooper-Posey and authors Ai Jiang, Taran Hunt, Allen Stroud and Andrea Hairston for a TBRCon2025 panel on "Artificial Intelligence in Sci-Fi Over the Years".SUPPORT THE SHOW:- ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Patreon⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (for exclusive bonus episodes, author readings, book giveaways and more)- Rate and review SFF Addicts on your platform of choice, and share us with your friendsEMAIL US WITH YOUR QUESTIONS & COMMENTS:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠sffaddictspod@gmail.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠FOLLOW SFF ADDICTS:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Linktree⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠MUSIC:Intro: "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Into The Grid⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" by MellauSFXOutro: “⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Galactic Synthwave⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠” by Divion

Jiang Zhaopeng, an 18-year-old medical student, faced a life-or-death test on Saturday—not in an exam hall, but in the backseat of a car, where he performed life-saving CPR on a classmate who went into cardiac arrest.上周六，山东烟台18岁的医学生姜昭鹏经历了一场生死考验——在赴考途中，他在网约车后座为突发心脏骤停的同学实施心肺复苏。Jiang and his classmate were heading to take the spring college entrance exam when the emergency unfolded unexpectedly. Both attend Shandong City Service Technician College in Yantai, a coastal city in Shandong province.当意外的紧急情况发生时，姜和他的同学正准备参加春季高考。他们两人都在山东省沿海城市烟台的山东城市服务职业学院就读。At about 8:10 am, the two boarded a ride-hailing car bound for the testing site. Just a minute later, Jiang's classmate collapsed onto his lap, showing signs of a heart attack, seizure and cardiac arrest.上午8时10分，两人搭乘网约车前往考点。车辆启动仅一分钟后，姜昭鹏突然发现邻座同学倒在自己腿上，出现心脏骤停征兆。"I thought he was just tired at first," Jiang said. But then the classmate began gasping and convulsing, violently kicking the front seat before suddenly going limp. He soon stopped breathing.“起初我以为他只是太累了，”姜昭鹏回忆道。但随后该同学开始剧烈喘息抽搐，双腿猛踹前座后突然瘫软，他很快停止了自主呼吸。Drawing on first aid skills learned in school, Jiang quickly sprang into action. He laid his classmate flat and began performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, alternating with rescue breathing.凭借在校学习的急救技能，姜立即展开施救，他把同学平放后开始交替进行心脏复苏和人工呼吸。"Go to the hospital," Jiang told the driver, Wang Tao.姜绍鹏告诉司机王涛(Wang Tao)改道去医院。Wang alerted the local traffic police and sped to the hospital, running six red lights and arriving in just seven minutes—half the usual time.司机王涛立即联系当地交警部门，在确保安全的前提下连闯六个红灯，仅用7分钟便将患者送达医院（常规车程需15分钟）。Only after ensuring his classmate was under professional care did Jiang notify school officials about the emergency situation. He then rushed to the exam site, but arrived too late to take the 9 am Chinese language test.在确保同学已获得专业医疗救治后，姜昭鹏才向校方报告紧急情况。随后他匆忙赶往考场，但错过了上午9点的语文考试。Doctors later confirmed that Jiang's classmate would recover without brain damage.院方后续确认，被救同学将完全康复且无脑损伤。"The first four minutes of CPR in the car were absolutely vital," said Yang Haiyan, head of the emergency department at the East Hospital of Yantaishan Hospital.“车内实施的心肺复苏术前四分钟至关重要，”烟台山医院东院区急诊科主任杨海燕表示。"The patient received 29 minutes of resuscitation in the hospital and eight defibrillations before his heartbeat stabilized at 8:50 am," Yang said.杨海燕说：“患者在医院接受了29分钟的心肺复苏和八次除颤，直至上午8点50分心跳才恢复稳定。”Though he missed the exam, Jiang said he has no regrets about his decision.尽管错过考试，姜昭鹏表示对自己的决定无怨无悔。"Exams can be retaken, but a life cannot," he said."考试可以重考，但生命不能重来。"他说。The story quickly went viral after it was shared online, drawing widespread praise from netizens.该事件在网上传开后迅速引发热议，收获网友广泛赞誉。"Without Jiang and the driver Wang, our child wouldn't have survived the 40-minute cardiac arrest," the survivor's parents wrote in the comment section of the video.“如果没有姜同学和司机王师傅，我们的孩子不可能在心脏停跳40分钟后生还，”获救者父母在视频评论区写道。Four days after the incident, education authorities arranged a make-up exam with a backup test paper for Jiang.事发四天后，教育部门为姜昭鹏安排了备用试卷的补考。"I'm so grateful for this make-up exam," he said.“我非常感激这次补考机会，”他表示。The spring college entrance exam is a crucial opportunity for vocational school students like Jiang to pursue higher education.春季高考对姜昭鹏这样的职校学生而言是升学的关键通道。Both Jiang and Wang have received official commendations from Yantai's local authorities and were honored as model individuals for their actions. They have also been recommended as candidates for the "China Good Person List" for the second quarter of 2025.目前，姜昭鹏与司机王涛已获烟台市政府通报表彰，被授予“模范个人”称号，并获推荐参评2025年第二季度“中国好人榜”。CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)心肺复苏术; 心肺复苏seizure癫痫发作cardiac arrest心脏骤停first aid skills急救技能make-up exam补考

Today as we celebrate the 60th episode of this online space, we dive into a topic that became especially vivid to me over the dark wintery months in Berlin: Loneliness.In this heartfelt conversation, I welcome Monika Jiang from the Oneliness Project for a conversation about this very human state of feeling lonely. We talk about (dis)connection and creativity, dismantle what Oneliness means, how we can alchemize this feeling and why sometimes all we need is to just hold ourselves.In this episode, you'll learn:How we can transform loneliness into onelinessWhy a playful, creative approach might be exactly what you needThe power of mindfulness in navigating disconnectionWhy hyperconnection isn't the answer to lonelinessFind out more about Monika's workWebsiteInstagramSubstackTake a Moment to Support the Podcast:If you enjoyed this conversation, please follow the Modern Creativity Podcast and leave a review. It's a small act that makes a big difference in helping me bring more inspiring stories like Monika's to you.⁠Website⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠TikTok⁠

The origins of agriculture continue to be one of archaeology's great mysteries. Chinese archaeologist Jiang Leping may hold a crucial piece of the puzzle, thanks to his groundbreaking discoveries at an archaeological site in Zhejiang Province, east China. This prehistoric settlement, known as Shangshan, dates back 10,000 years and is recognized for being home to the earliest cultivated rice in the world.

My guests today are Tommy Jiang and Kevin Harrington.I met Tommy and Kevin while traveling in Patagonia last year.  It was one of those connections that permeate great international travel.  My husband and I were at the end of our month-long excursion and got to enjoy a 35+ hour ferry ride filled with hours of great conversation with them.  Learning about their passions and expertise, I told them about the podcast and invited them to come on!  And now… I get to share this conversation with you!Let me share a bit more about each of them and then we'll jump into our conversation about Psychosynthesis, healing, hypnosis, and more!Tommy is a carpenter and healer currently living in the Columbia River Gorge in Oregon. Tommy's approach to growth and healing in his own life and with clients, combines his background in mindfulness meditation, training as a Psychosynthesis Life Coach through the Synthesis Center in Amherst, MA, and his training as a Professional Hypnotist with the International Certification Board of Coaches & Hypnotists (ICBCH). Tommy aims at a precise approach to coaching and healing work, utilizing what arises in each moment, and following it to integration, wholeness, and profound energy within oneself.Kevin received his PhD in Astrophysics at the International Max Planck Research School for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy and the University of Bonn, Germany. He previously received a B.Sc in Astronomy and B.Sc in Psychological Brain Sciences at the University of Massachusetts (UMass), Amherst. Currently he works as a professional astronomer with a postdoctoral research fellowship position at the Atacama Large Millimeter Telescope in northern Chile. He is an internationally recognized Board Certified Coach, and has completed his training in psychosynthesis life coaching through The Synthesis Center since 2015.Tommy and Kevin, thank you for this fantastic conversation!  Thank you for your willingness to connect and engage in meaningful connection both in southern Patagonia and now.  Meeting people like you is one of my favorite things in life and I'm grateful to get to share these pieces of  your wisdom, passion, and beautiful work in the world!You'll find links below to connect with both Tommy and Kevin.Tommy Jiang's Website: www.callofself.comKevin Harrington's Website: https://www.kch-coaching.com/Synthesis Center website: https://www.synthesiscenter.org/Make Life Less Difficult~ Support:buymeacoffee.com/lisatilstra

Send us a text在这一期特别的柠檬水访谈中，主持人俞骅和Poy Zhong邀请到了Canada Life区域副总裁Lydia Jiang，分享她从留学生到金融高管的真实职场故事。没有背景、没有捷径，靠着坚持和积累，她一路打破偏见，走到了主流舞台。Lydia坦诚讲述了她如何在挑战中成长，如何在机会来临时勇敢接住，以及她在跨文化管理、家庭与事业平衡中的心得体会。如果你也曾怀疑自己是否“准备好”，如果你也在职场中摸索前行，这一期，将带给你满满的能量与勇气！欢迎大家收听。请您在Apple Podcasts, 小宇宙APP, Spotify, iHeart Radio, YouTube, Amazon Music等，搜寻”柠檬变成柠檬水“。Support the showThank you for listening to our podcasts. We also welcome you to join the "Turn Lemons Into Lemonade" LinkedIn page!

Recorded by Jacqueline Jiang for Poem-a-Day, a series produced by the Academy of American Poets. Published on April 17, 2025. www.poets.org

In this episode, Trevor speaks with Ai Jiang, the award-winning author of novellas I Am AI and Linghun about her new novella A Palace Near the Wind. They converse about alternative futures, about the importance of science fantasy as a genre in addressing human problems, about the novella's concerns about the conflict between ecological preservation and industrial progress, and a whole lot more.You can follow along with Ai Jiang's literary career by following her at aijiang.ca, and you can find A Palace Near the Wind available April 15, 2025 from Titan Books at your favorite book retailer and your local library. Become a member at https://plus.acast.com/s/sley-house-publishing-presents-litbits. https://plus.acast.com/s/sley-house-publishing-presents-litbits. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The future of recruiting isn't coming. It's already here. And if you're still relying on your legacy tech stack and spreadsheets, you're already behind. Enter Steven Jiang, CEO and Co-founder of HireEZ, who just dropped one of the most important AI launches in the recruiting space - EZ Agent, their agentic AI companion built to fundamentally reshape the recruiter's role. Forget everything you know about “copilots” and “gen AI assistants.” EZ Agent is not just another AI tool bolted onto your ATS. It's a fully-integrated, always-on agent that plans, reasons, executes, and evolves - empowering recruiters to get out of the weeds and back into real talent relationships. Steven joins Tim Sackett to break down: • Why agentic AI isn't just better - it's a whole new operating system for recruiting • How recruiters move from task managers to true talent strategists • What it means to create a white-glove candidate experience at scale • And how EZ Agent is solving the “black hole” problem by giving 100% of candidates a shot at the plate Steven's built more than a product - he's building a movement to re-humanize recruiting with AI doing the heavy lifting behind the scenes. If you care about talent, inclusion, and the future of work - this is the conversation you need to hear. Connect with Us: Steven Jiang Follow Steven on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/stevenhireez/ Learn more about HireEZ: https://hireez.com/ Book a Demo: https://hireez.com/customer-success/ Tim Sackett Follow Tim on LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/timsackett Need Help with Technical Recruiting: https://hrutech.com/ Read Tim's Blog: https://timsackett.com/

Sometimes, people will say of a book that "the setting is another character". But what does that really mean, and how can a writer craft it? Ai Jiang joins us to discuss creating worlds and settings that have their own personalities! From the physical geography to the architecture, from the scale of the location to its dynamism, writers can make a lot of choices to make their setting feel unlike any other. The setting can do a lot to set the mood and tone of a story. Is it bright and peppy, or dark and gloomy? What's the vibe? The overlap between setting and aesthetic can be quite high, communicating a lot to your reader about what they might expect from the story and characters. We also often talk about how characters are the products of their circumstances -- and that means they're also products of their surroundings! What about the physical space that they exist in, or have existed in during their life, has shaped them? [Transcript TK] Our Guest: Ai Jiang is a Chinese-Canadian writer, Ignyte, Bram Stoker, and Nebula Award winner, and Hugo, Astounding, Locus, Aurora, and BFSA Award finalist from Changle, Fujian currently residing in Toronto, Ontario. Her work can be found in F&SF, The Dark, The Masters Review, among others. She is the recipient of Odyssey Workshop's 2022 Fresh Voices Scholarship and the author of A Palace Near the Wind, Linghun and I AM AI. Find her on X (@AiJiang_), Insta (@ai.jian.g), and online (http://aijiang.ca). 

Is there a formula for doing and publishing research on digital phenomena? And if so, it is the same formula as the scripts for IS papers of the past, or has it changed? We discuss how our field has historically worked with reference theories from other disciplines and how we have moved beyond this one way of doing and publishing research to a variety of ways in which we can build theory about digital phenomena. We suggest that reference theories should not be viewed as immutable sacred cows but rather as a tentative basis of received wisdom, which we must problematize and adapt to move knowledge forward. Doing so requires us to find puzzles in the real world that point to things being different instead of new. Episode reading list Truex, D. P., Holmström, J., & Keil, M. (2006). Theorizing in Information Systems Research: A Reflexive Analysis of the Adaptation of Theory in Information Systems Research. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 7(12), 797-821. Grover, V., & Lyytinen, K. (2015). New State of Play in Information Systems Research: The Push to the Edges. MIS Quarterly, 39(2), 271-296. Ba, S., & Pavlou, P. A. (2002). Evidence of the Effect of Trust Building Technology in Electronic Markets: Price Premiums and Buyer Behavior. MIS Quarterly, 26(3), 243-268. Jiang, L., Hou, J., Ma, X., & Pavlou, P. A. (2025). Punished for Success? A Natural Experiment of Displaying Clinical Hospital Quality on Review Platforms. Information Systems Research, . Grover, V., & Lyytinen, K. (2023). The Pursuit of Innovative Theory in the Digital Age. Journal of Information Technology, 38(1), 45-59. Baiyere, A., Berente, N., & Avital, M. (2023). On Digital Theorizing, Clickbait Research, and the Cumulative Tradition. Journal of Information Technology, 38(1), 67-73. Grisold, T., Kremser, W., Mendling, J., Recker, J., vom Brocke, J., & Wurm, B. (2023). Keeping Pace with the Digital Age: Envisioning Information Systems Research as a Platform. Journal of Information Technology, 38(1), 60-66. Berente, N., Gu, B., Recker, J., & Santhanam, R. (2021). Managing Artificial Intelligence. MIS Quarterly, 45(3), 1433-1450. Dell'Acqua, F., McFowland, E., Mollick, E. R., Lifshitz-Assaf, H., Kellogg, K., Rajendran, S., Krayer, L., Candelon, F., & Lakhani, K. R. (2023). Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality. Harvard Business School Technology & Operations Mgt. Unit Working Paper 24-013. Fisher, G., Mayer, K. J., & Morris, S. (2021). From the Editors—Phenomenon-Based Theorizing. Academy of Management Review, 46(4), 631-639. Gregory, R. W., & Henfridsson, O. (2021). Bridging Art and Science: Phenomenon-Driven Theorizing. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 22(6), 1509-1523. Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of Innovations (5th ed.). Free Press. Salge, C. A. D. L., & Karahanna, E. (2018). Protesting Corruption on Twitter: Is It a Bot or Is It a Person. Academy of Management Discoveries, 4(1), 32-49. Abramova, O., Recker, J., Schemm, U., & Barwitzki, L.-D. (2025). Inclusion of Autistic IT Workforce in Action: An Auticon Approach. Information Systems Journal, . Grisold, T., Seidel, S., Heck, M., & Berente, N. (2024). Digital Surveillance in Organizations. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 66(3), 401-410. Dwivedi, Y. K., Kshetri, N., ... Wright, R. T. (2023). “So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Opportunities, Challenges and Implications of Generative Conversational AI for Research, Practice and Policy. International Journal of Information Management, 71, 102642. 

Connor Leahy and Gabriel Alfour, AI researchers from Conjecture and authors of "The Compendium," joinus for a critical discussion centered on Artificial Superintelligence (ASI) safety and governance. Drawing from their comprehensive analysis in "The Compendium," they articulate a stark warning about the existential risks inherent in uncontrolled AI development, framing it through the lens of "intelligence domination"—where a sufficiently advanced AI could subordinate humanity, much like humans dominate less intelligent species.SPONSOR MESSAGES:***Tufa AI Labs is a brand new research lab in Zurich started by Benjamin Crouzier focussed on o-series style reasoning and AGI. They are hiring a Chief Engineer and ML engineers. Events in Zurich. Goto https://tufalabs.ai/***TRANSCRIPT + REFS + NOTES:https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/p86l75y4o2ii40df5t7no/Compendium.pdf?rlkey=tukczgf3flw133sr9rgss0pnj&dl=0https://www.thecompendium.ai/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connor_Leahyhttps://www.conjecture.dev/abouthttps://substack.com/@gabecc​TOC:1. AI Intelligence and Safety Fundamentals [00:00:00] 1.1 Understanding Intelligence and AI Capabilities [00:06:20] 1.2 Emergence of Intelligence and Regulatory Challenges [00:10:18] 1.3 Human vs Animal Intelligence Debate [00:18:00] 1.4 AI Regulation and Risk Assessment Approaches [00:26:14] 1.5 Competing AI Development Ideologies2. Economic and Social Impact [00:29:10] 2.1 Labor Market Disruption and Post-Scarcity Scenarios [00:32:40] 2.2 Institutional Frameworks and Tech Power Dynamics [00:37:40] 2.3 Ethical Frameworks and AI Governance Debates [00:40:52] 2.4 AI Alignment Evolution and Technical Challenges3. Technical Governance Framework [00:55:07] 3.1 Three Levels of AI Safety: Alignment, Corrigibility, and Boundedness [00:55:30] 3.2 Challenges of AI System Corrigibility and Constitutional Models [00:57:35] 3.3 Limitations of Current Boundedness Approaches [00:59:11] 3.4 Abstract Governance Concepts and Policy Solutions4. Democratic Implementation and Coordination [00:59:20] 4.1 Governance Design and Measurement Challenges [01:00:10] 4.2 Democratic Institutions and Experimental Governance [01:14:10] 4.3 Political Engagement and AI Safety Advocacy [01:25:30] 4.4 Practical AI Safety Measures and International CoordinationCORE REFS:[00:01:45] The Compendium (2023), Leahy et al.https://pdf.thecompendium.ai/the_compendium.pdf[00:06:50] Geoffrey Hinton Leaves Google, BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-65452940[00:10:00] ARC-AGI, Chollethttps://arcprize.org/arc-agi[00:13:25] A Brief History of Intelligence, Bennetthttps://www.amazon.com/Brief-History-Intelligence-Humans-Breakthroughs/dp/0063286343[00:25:35] Statement on AI Risk, Center for AI Safetyhttps://www.safe.ai/work/statement-on-ai-risk[00:26:15] Machines of Love and Grace, Amodeihttps://darioamodei.com/machines-of-loving-grace[00:26:35] The Techno-Optimist Manifesto, Andreessenhttps://a16z.com/the-techno-optimist-manifesto/[00:31:55] Techno-Feudalism, Varoufakishttps://www.amazon.co.uk/Technofeudalism-Killed-Capitalism-Yanis-Varoufakis/dp/1847927270[00:42:40] Introducing Superalignment, OpenAIhttps://openai.com/index/introducing-superalignment/[00:47:20] Three Laws of Robotics, Asimovhttps://www.britannica.com/topic/Three-Laws-of-Robotics[00:50:00] Symbolic AI (GOFAI), Haugelandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic_artificial_intelligence[00:52:30] Intent Alignment, Christianohttps://www.alignmentforum.org/posts/HEZgGBZTpT4Bov7nH/mapping-the-conceptual-territory-in-ai-existential-safety[00:55:10] Large Language Model Alignment: A Survey, Jiang et al.http://arxiv.org/pdf/2309.15025[00:55:40] Constitutional Checks and Balances, Bokhttps://plato.stanford.edu/entries/montesquieu/

For better or (mostly) worse, Jiang Qing left her mark on the 20th century.Even before she was married to Chairman Mao, Jiang was a charismatic actor, and her passion for culture helped her spearhead the Cultural Revolution as part of the Communist Party in China, later in life.Joining Kate for this fourth and final episode of our limited series, Real Wives of Dictators, is Linda Jaivin, author of Shortest History of China and the upcoming Bombard the Headquarters! The Cultural Revolution in China.How did she make her way to the head of the Communist Party? Why did she describe herself as "Mao's dog"? And what brought about her downfall?This episode was edited by Tom Delargy and produced by Stuart Beckwith. The senior producer was Charlotte Long.If you'd like to get in touch with the show you can contact us at betwixt@historyhit.com.Sign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe.  You can take part in our listener survey here.All music from Epidemic Sounds.Betwixt the Sheets: History of Sex, Scandal & Society is a History Hit podcast.

Send us a textIn today's episode, Alex talks with Ai Jiang, the author of multiple award-winning short fiction and the highly anticipated A PALACE NEAR THE WIND (releasing April 15th). Ai is a Chinese-Canadian writer, Ignyte, Bram Stoker, and Nebula Award winner, and Hugo, Astounding, Locus, Aurora, and BFSA Award finalist from Changle, Fujian, currently residing in Toronto, Ontario. She is the recipient of Odyssey Workshop's 2022 Fresh Voices Scholarship and the author of A Palace Near the Wind, Linghun, and I AM AI.Listen as they discuss who Ai's literary heroes are, her experimental storytelling inspiration and why A PALACE NEAR THE WIND utilizes a more traditional story structure, how she challenges herself as a writer to avoid getting stuck in old habits, and how to stay true to art in a literary landscape that is favoring the use of AI and fast-fashion esque publishing models. Due to character limitations, please find a full version of the show notes with applicable content warnings and links on our website at: https://www.tarakross.com/podcast-1→  Connect with Ai on her Instagram or visit her website → Pre-order or Buy A PALACE NEAR THE WIND  HEREThe Hope Prose Podcast's InstagramAlex's Instagram Tara's Instagram

Are oxalates actually harming your health, or is this another nutrition myth? In this episode of Super Life, Darin Olien breaks down the real science behind oxalates, their connection to kidney stones, mineral absorption, and gut health, and whether you really need to avoid high-oxalate foods. There's a lot of fear-mongering around oxalates, but what does the latest research say? Should you stop eating spinach, beets, or almonds? What about meat's impact on kidney function? Darin pulls from peer-reviewed studies to cut through the noise and give you the facts so you can make the best choices for your health. If you've ever wondered whether oxalates are a real concern or just clickbait, this episode is a must-listen.     Segment 1: What Are Oxalates? Friend or Foe? Oxalates, or oxalic acid, are naturally occurring compounds found in many plant-based foods. They serve as a defense mechanism for plants but can sometimes bind with minerals like calcium and iron in the body, potentially forming kidney stones or reducing nutrient absorption.  Here's the key question: Are oxalates dangerous, or is this another health myth blown out of proportion?   Here's what the research says:  For most people, oxalates are NOT a problem. Your body naturally processes and eliminates excess oxalates through urine.  For those prone to kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones (which make up about 80% of all kidney stones), consuming too many high-oxalate foods can increase the risk.  Oxalates can interfere with calcium and iron absorption, but this is only a concern for people with nutrient deficiencies.   Key takeaway: If your kidneys are healthy, your body handles oxalates just fine. But if you've had kidney stones before, you might want to pay closer attention to your oxalate intake.      Segment 2: What Does the Science Say About Oxalates?  To cut through the noise, I pulled up the latest research from 2024 and 2025. Here's what's new:    1. Gut Microbiota Can Help Protect Against Oxalates  A  2025 study in Frontiers in Nutrition found that certain gut bacteria (like Oxalobacter formigenes) actually digest oxalates, helping prevent kidney stones.  Takeaway: If you're worried about oxalates, supporting your gut microbiome with probiotics might be a natural way to reduce their impact.  Link: Read Study Here   "The presence of oxalate-degrading bacteria in the gut can significantly lower oxalate absorption and reduce kidney stone risk." – Dr. L. Wang, NHANES Study    2. Vitamin C Supplements & Oxalate Formation  Some people worry that high-dose vitamin C supplements convert into oxalates, increasing kidney stone risk.  A 2025 study in Nutrients found no significant increase in urinary oxalates from vitamin C intake.  Takeaway: If you take vitamin C in moderation, you don't have to worry about it increasing oxalates.  Link: Read Study Here "Contrary to popular belief, moderate vitamin C supplementation does not significantly raise oxalate levels in urine." – Dr. P.C. Calder, Nutrients Journal    3. Cooking & Fermentation Can Reduce Oxalates  A 2024 study on fermentation & nutrient bioavailability found that cooking reduces oxalate levels by up to 60%.  Best methods? Boiling, steaming, and fermentation lower oxalates significantly.  Takeaway: If you love spinach but worry about oxalates, just boil it first!  Link: Read Study Here      Segment 3: What About Meat? Does It Increase Kidney Stone Risk? Now, here's something you might not expect. We talk a lot about oxalates and plant-based foods, but what about meat? Could eating too much meat actually contribute to kidney stones? The research says YES—but not because of oxalates. Instead, the mechanism is uric acid and metabolic acidity. Let's break it down.   1. Red Meat & Uric Acid Stones  A 2024 study in Nature Reviews Urology found that high animal protein intake increases uric acid, which contributes to kidney stones.  Excess meat consumption makes urine more acidic, making it easier for stones to form.  Link: Read Study Here "High animal protein intake, while providing essential amino acids, also contributes to increased acid load and uric acid production, both of which are risk factors for kidney stone development." – Dr. S. Loeb, Nature Reviews Urology     2. Meat Increases Metabolic Acidity  A 2025 study from Frontiers in Endocrinology found that excessive meat consumption leads to increased acid load, calcium loss, and kidney dysfunction.  This makes it harder for the kidneys to filter out waste properly.  Link: Read Study Here "While meat consumption is essential for many, excessive intake can disrupt mineral ion homeostasis, increasing the risk of kidney stone disease." – Dr. R. Ahmad, Frontiers in Endocrinology     Segment 4: Foods High & Low in Oxalates Knowing which foods to eat or limit is key.   High-Oxalate Foods (If You're at Risk)  Spinach, Swiss chard, beet greens  Beets, rhubarb, sweet potatoes  Almonds, peanuts, cashews  Blackberries, kiwi, figs  Black tea, cocoa, coffee    Low-Oxalate Foods (Safer Choices)  Kale, mustard greens, cabbage  Cauliflower, cucumbers, zucchini  Apples, bananas, melons, grapes  Milk, yogurt (binds with oxalates)  Eggs, fish, chicken, beef (in moderation)     Segment 5: Actionable Steps to Manage Oxalate & Meat Intake If you're concerned about oxalates or meat-related kidney stones, here's what to do:   Balance Oxalates with Calcium  Eat calcium-rich foods with oxalates to prevent them from forming stones. Cook Your Vegetables  Boiling, steaming, and fermenting reduce oxalates by up to 60%!  Drink Plenty of Water  Staying hydrated flushes out excess oxalates & uric acid.  Don't Overdo Meat Consumption  Limit red meat intake and balance with alkaline foods like vegetables & fruit.  Probiotics for Gut Health  Consider probiotic-rich foods like yogurt and kimchi to help break down oxalates.     Final Thoughts So, should you avoid oxalates? Should you stop eating meat? Not necessarily. The real key is BALANCE. Most people don't need to avoid oxalates entirely, and meat is fine in moderation—as long as you balance it with hydration, alkaline foods, and a gut-friendly diet.     What You'll Learn in This Episode: (00:00:00) Introduction – What are oxalates, and why is everyone talking about them? (00:02:15) The Truth About Oxalates & Kidney Stones – Are they really the cause? (00:05:10) How Oxalates Interact With Calcium & Iron – What the science actually says (00:08:08) Who Should Be Concerned About Oxalates? – The key factors to consider (00:11:30) The Role of Gut Health in Oxalate Absorption – How your microbiome protects you (00:14:00) Cooking vs. Raw: Does Preparation Matter? – The best ways to reduce oxalates (00:16:45) The Link Between Meat, Uric Acid & Kidney Stress – What studies are showing (00:19:30) The Best Foods for Kidney Health & Detoxing Oxalates – Practical dietary advice (00:21:00) Final Thoughts – Why balance & variety in your diet is key     Don't Forget... I just launched my brand new program Superlife Supermind. Visit my website https://superlife.com/ to learn more about how you can get rid of stress, improve sleep and overall health today.     Thank You to Our Sponsor: Therasage: Go to www.therasage.com and use code DARIN at checkout for 15% off     Find More From Darin: Website: darinolien.com Instagram: @darinolien Book: Fatal Conveniences     Key Takeaway: "Oxalates aren't inherently dangerous—your gut health, kidney function, and overall diet determine how they impact your body."     Bibliography – Research on Oxalates, Meat Consumption & Kidney Stones   Oxalates & Kidney Stones: Wang, L., Wu, J., Jiang, Z., et al. (2025). Dietary index for gut microbiota and its protective role against kidney stones. Frontiers in Nutrition.  Read Study  Calder, P.C., Kreider, R.B., McKay, D.L. (2025). Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery & Oxalates. Nutrients.  Read Study  Zayed, A., Adly, G.M., Farag, M.A. (2025). Management of Dietary Oxalates in Foods: Metabolism & Processing. Food & Bioprocess Technology.  Read Study  Emmanuel, O.K., Aria, J., Jose, D. (2024). Fermentation & Nutrient Bioavailability: How Cooking Reduces Oxalates. ResearchGate.  Read Study  Siener, R. (2025). Tea and Kidney Stone Formation: Analyzing the Impact of Black Tea Consumption. Elsevier.  Read Study     Meat Consumption & Kidney Stones: Loeb, S., Borin, J.F., Venigalla, G., Narasimman, M. (2024). Plant-Based Diets and Urological Health: The Role of Animal Protein in Kidney Stone Risk. Nature Reviews Urology.  Read Study  Feyissa, G.D., Bidu, M.N. (2024). Dietary Determinants of Renal Stone Formation in High-Risk Populations. ResearchSquare.  Read Study  Ahmad, R., Sarraj, B., Razzaque, M.S. (2025). Vitamin D and Mineral Ion Homeostasis in Chronic Diseases: The Link Between Uric Acid, Meat & Kidney Function. Frontiers in Endocrinology.  Read Study  Sharma, S.K., Gautam, A., Bhattarai, U., Basyal, B. (2025). Environmental & Dietary Contributors to Kidney Disease: The Role of High Meat Consumption. Kidney International Reports.  Read Study  Sangolli, A., Nerli, R.B., Ghagane, S.C. (2024). Dietary Risk Factors & Trends in Kidney Stones: Analyzing Red Meat Intake Among Patients. Medical Science – ResearchGate.  Read Study  

Cosmo Jiang is a General Partner at crypto hedge fund Pantera Capital. He joined me to discuss the outlook for crypto in the US and the different sectors of the crypto market.Topics:- Pantera's Approach to investing in Crypto Projects - Current Crypto market conditions and when recovery may happen - Crypto in the US - Meme Coins and Solana - DePin Projects and Outlook - Will new Altcoin ETFs be approved this year? - Stablecoin adoption and market - Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Show Sponsor - ⭐️ Learn about BitGo, one of the top crypto custodians - https://www.bitgo.com/

Fluent Fiction - Mandarin Chinese: Balancing Act: Jiang Li's Journey Through Duty and Desire Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/zh/episode/2025-03-13-22-34-01-zh Story Transcript:Zh: 江丽坐在办公室里，窗外是盛开的樱花树。En: Jiang Li sat in the office, outside the window were blossoming sakura trees.Zh: 春天来了，空气中充满了生机。En: Spring had arrived, and the air was filled with vitality.Zh: 而她的心情却不怎么轻松。En: However, her mood was not very light.Zh: 近来，她的心思总是围绕着工作和家庭打转。En: Recently, her thoughts always revolved around work and family.Zh: 江丽是一名勤奋的员工。En: Jiang Li was a diligent employee.Zh: 最近，公司有一个升职的机会。En: Recently, there was a promotion opportunity at the company.Zh: 江丽想获得这个职位，为家人提供更好的生活。En: Jiang Li wanted to get this position to provide a better life for her family.Zh: 然而，清明节快到了，家里人希望她能回去参加祭祖活动。En: However, Qingming Festival was approaching, and her family hoped she could return to attend the ancestor worship activities.Zh: 每天，她在电脑前忙碌，心里却不停地想着家里的期待。En: Every day, she was busy in front of the computer, but her mind kept thinking about her family's expectations.Zh: 她的同事兼朋友梅晨注意到了江丽的疲惫。En: Her colleague and friend Mei Chen noticed Jiang Li's exhaustion.Zh: “丽，你看起来很累，要照顾好自己啊。”梅晨关心地说。En: "Li, you look very tired, you need to take good care of yourself," Mei Chen said with concern.Zh: 江丽叹了口气。En: Jiang Li sighed.Zh: “谢谢你，梅晨。不过我想要这次升职的机会，也不想让家里失望。”En: "Thank you, Mei Chen. But I want this promotion opportunity, and I don't want to disappoint my family."Zh: 清明节那天快到了，江丽的内心矛盾加剧。En: As the day of Qingming Festival approached, the inner conflict within Jiang Li intensified.Zh: 她想努力工作，赢得老板的认可，但心里知道不能错过和家人一起度过的重要节日。En: She wanted to work hard to earn her boss's recognition, but she knew she couldn't miss such an important festival with her family.Zh: 终于，江丽鼓起勇气，去找老板谈话。En: Finally, Jiang Li gathered the courage to talk to her boss.Zh: 她小心翼翼地说：“老板，我对工作非常认真，但我也有责任去和家人一起过清明节。”En: She cautiously said, "Boss, I am very serious about my work, but I also have a responsibility to be with my family for Qingming Festival."Zh: 老板停下手里的工作，看着她。En: The boss paused his work and looked at her.Zh: 他沉思了一会儿，然后点了点头。En: He pondered for a moment, then nodded.Zh: “我明白你的困难。家庭和工作都是重要的。En: "I understand your difficulty. Family and work are both important.Zh: 你是一个重要的团队成员，我相信你。”En: You are an important team member, and I trust you."Zh: 这次对话后，江丽感到轻松了许多。En: After this conversation, Jiang Li felt much more at ease.Zh: 她意识到，平衡工作和家庭不必是一场零和游戏。En: She realized that balancing work and family did not have to be a zero-sum game.Zh: 通过坦诚的沟通，她可以得到双方面的理解。En: Through honest communication, she could gain understanding from both sides.Zh: 在清明节后回到公司时，她的内心安宁了。En: Returning to the company after Qingming Festival, she felt peaceful inside.Zh: 她决定要更好地表达自己的需求，并找到新的方式来应对工作与家庭的双重责任。En: She decided to express her needs better and find new ways to cope with the dual responsibilities of work and family.Zh: 樱花仍在风中轻轻飘落，象征新的开始。En: The sakura still fluttered gently in the wind, symbolizing a new beginning.Zh: 江丽看着窗外，心中充满了对未来的希望。En: Jiang Li looked out the window, her heart filled with hope for the future.Zh: 她知道，不论在家庭还是在工作中，理解和沟通是最重要的。En: She knew that, whether in family or at work, understanding and communication were the most important. Vocabulary Words:blossoming: 盛开的vitality: 生机diligent: 勤奋的promotion: 升职opportunity: 机会ancestor worship: 祭祖expectations: 期待exhaustion: 疲惫concern: 关心intensified: 加剧conflict: 矛盾cautiously: 小心翼翼地pondered: 沉思recognition: 认可zero-sum: 零和communication: 沟通balanced: 平衡responsibilities: 责任fluttered: 飘落symbolizing: 象征new beginning: 新的开始express: 表达cope: 应对dual: 双重hope: 希望future: 未来inner: 内心honest: 坦诚gathered: 鼓起understanding: 理解

This week, we are chatting with Bihan Jiang, a product lead at Decagon. Decagon is reimagining customer service with AI agents. The company recently raised a $65M Series B and is trusted by companies such as Eventbrite, Substack, ClassPass, Rippling, Notion, and more. We dive into her journey starting at Scale AI after Stanford, moving to the application side of AI, LLM capabilities powering Decagon, and how customers are using Decagon to elevate their customer experience. We also dive into how Decagon is powering email, SMS, and voice and how they adhere to customers' requests for accuracy and reliability.Episode Chapters:Growing up in Texas - 1:53AI powered PM - 3:22Career progression - 6:12Customer support market - 8:58Users of Decagon - 13:13Can we automate 100%? - 16:28Moving into voice AI - 17:25Customer research - 22:22Product roadmap decisions - 26:44Joining an AI startup - 29:15Ending questions - 32:37As always, feel free to contact us at partnerpathpodcast@gmail.com. We would love to hear ideas for content, guests, and overall feedback.This episode is brought to you by Grata, the world's leading deal sourcing platform. Our AI-powered search, investment-grade data, and intuitive workflows give you the edge needed to find and win deals in your industry. Visit grata.com to schedule a demo today.Fresh out of Y Combinator's Summer batch, Overlap is an AI-driven app that uses LLMs to curate the best moments from podcast episodes. Imagine having a smart assistant who reads through every podcast transcript, finds the best parts or parts most relevant to your search, and strings them together to form a new curated stream of content - that is what Overlap does. Podcasts are an exponentially growing source of unique information. Make use of it! Check out Overlap 2.0 on the App Store today.

The guest this episode is Winnie Jiang, Assistant Professor of Organisational Behaviour at INSEAD. I talk with Winnie about her recent paper in AMJ that explores how entrepreneurs manage identity conflicts as they attempt to be a “boss” despite coming from humble beginnings. We discuss the emotional work necessary to become a successful entrepreneur and how policy makers and mentors can best support aspiring entrepreneurs.   Jiang, W. Y., Zhao-Ding, A., & Qi, S. 2025. Breaking Free or Locking In: How Socially Disadvantaged Individuals Achieve or Reject an Aspired Identity in an Entrepreneurial Context. Academy of Management Journal, 68(1): 162-190. https://journals.aom.org/doi/abs/10.5465/amj.2022.1104

In Episode 39 of Vietnam Innovators Season 6 (English Edition), we welcome Ms. Kun Jiang, Founder of The Joyful Nest, the driving force behind Vietnam's first luxury postpartum retreat.Drawing from her own postpartum experience, Ms. Kun Jiang recognized the profound challenges many new mothers encounter, particularly the lack of specialized postnatal care services. In response, she established The Joyful Nest, a sanctuary dedicated to providing comprehensive physical and emotional recovery during the crucial early weeks of motherhood.The Joyful Nest is Vietnam's first five-star postpartum retreat, designed to provide comprehensive recovery support for new mothers during the critical weeks after childbirth. Offering personalized care programs ranging from 14 to 28 days, The Joyful Nest combines luxury accommodations, private suites, and 24/7 professional care, ensuring a stress-free and restorative postpartum experience.Rooted in a philosophy that integrates traditional postpartum care practices with modern medical expertise, The Joyful Nest prioritizes not only maternal health but also nutrition, emotional well-being, and mother-baby bonding. With a holistic and thoughtful approach, it creates a seamless, nurturing environment where new mothers can heal, recharge, and fully embrace the transformative journey of motherhood. Listen to this episode on YoutubeAnd explore many amazing articles about the pioneers at: https://vietcetera.com/vn/bo-suu-tap/vietnam-innovatorFeel free to leave any questions or invitations for business cooperation at team@vietcetera.com—If you come across something intriguing, kindly consider making a donation.● Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/vietcetera● Buy me a coffee: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/vietcetera

Listen to the inspiring story of 3 Appleby College studentsin Canada.  Myra Datta, Dyanne Jiang, and Ishaan Grotra have led a food waste reduction movement in their school district by implementing some unique ideas through their WasteZero Project to encourage student participation!  Enjoy our first Canadian episode of the K-12 Food Rescue Podcast.

Linghun by Ai Jiang is set in the mysterious HOME, a suburb of Toronto, where the residents live among the ghosts. Winqi, a high school senior, must navigate her new town, where grief cuts everyone off from the rest of the world.  Recommended in this episode: “The Center for Immortality Research” in Your Utopia by Bora Chung) and Mike Chen's Here and Now and Then NEWS: We have a Bookshop.org shop now! Find all of our favorite books at our shop–and help out small businesses.  UP NEXT: So Thirsty by Rachel Harrison  Buy our books here, including our newest Toil and Trouble.

This episode will be looking at another traditional Chinese formula: Gān Cǎo Gān Jiāng Fú Líng Bái Zhú Tāng or Licorice, Ginger, Poria, and White Atractylodes Decoction. This is a formula that warms the spleen and overcomes dampness and is in the sub-category of formulas that warm and transform water and dampness under the category of formulas that expel dampness. As always, we will do our deep dive into this herb formula and look at its traditional uses, and its preparation, interactions, and cautions. And, as usual, we will be adding something a little different…we are going to talk about mandatory reporting. Each episode of the podcast will go into great depth about a single herb or formula. Besides covering the basics of herbology including category, and functions, we will explore the history, quality, science, pharmacology, evidence, and any potential interactions of each herb or formula. Please join us as we undertake another interesting expedition into the exciting universe of herbs exploring Gan Cao Gan Jiang Fu Ling Bai Zhu Tang or Licorice, Ginger, Poria, and White Atractylodes Decoction!

Am 23.02.2025 steht die Bundestagswahl an. Passend dazu, haben Sinja und Boris sich der folgenden Frage gewidmet: Was hat Achtsamkeit mit Politik zu tun? Darüber hinaus sprechen die beiden darüber, ob und wie uns die Achtsamkeit bei der Entscheidung helfen kann. Umfrage: Wie gefällt dir Verstehen, fühlen, glücklich sein? Erzähle es uns hier.Hintergründe und Studien:Pacheco, G., & Lange, T. (2010). Political participation and life satisfaction: a cross‐European analysis. International Journal of Social Economics, 37, 686-702. Link zur StudieGu, X., Luo, W., Zhao, X., Chen, Y., Zheng, Y., Zhou, J., Zeng, X., Yan, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, X., Lv, J., Lang, Y., Wang, Z., Gao, C., Jiang, Y., & Li, R. (2022). The effects of loving-kindness and compassion meditation on life satisfaction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.. Applied psychology. Health and well-being. Link zur StudieFang, S., Galambos, N. L., Johnson, M. D., & Krahn, H. J. (2018). Happiness is the way: Paths to civic engagement between young adulthood and midlife. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 42(4), 425-433. Link zur StudieLong, W. J., (2021). Buddha on Politics, Economics, and Statecraft. A Buddhist Approach to International Relations: Radical Interdependence, 35-50. Link zur StudieTextstellen im Pali-Kanon, in denen der Buddha politische Aussagen macht, sind z.B. Cakkavatti-Sihanada Sutta (DN 26), Kutadanta Sutta (DN 5), Mahaparinibbana Sutta (DN 16), Anguttara Nikaya (AN 10.1), Jataka (Jataka-Mala)

Jessie Jiang, founder and CEO of Basically Borrowed, joins us to share her fascinating journey from chemistry student to journalist to impact-driven entrepreneur. From her early days navigating the intense academic world of Peking University to reporting for The New York Times and Time Magazine, Jessie's career took an unexpected turn when she moved to Manila and identified a gap in sustainable fashion. This led her to create Basically Borrowed, a community-driven platform promoting circular fashion through resale, rentals, and conscious consumption. She opens up about the challenges of pivoting careers, launching a business as a solo founder, and balancing entrepreneurship with motherhood. If you're an aspiring founder, a sustainability advocate, or simply someone who loves a great hustle story, this episode is packed with insights you won't want to miss!This episode is brought to you by OneCFOFor show notes, go to Hustleshare.comHustleshare is powered by Podmachine Test https://plus.acast.com/s/hustleshare. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Drs. Narasimhan Jagannathan and Yandong Jiang discuss the article “Effectiveness of Ventilation via an Endotracheal Tube in Pharynx Versus a Facemask in Patients With Potentially Difficult Airway: A Randomized, Crossover, and Blind Trial” published in the February 2025 issue of Anesthesia & Analgesia.

Comparing yourself all the time? Tired of feeling like you never quite measure up...no matter how much you accomplish? It's not just YOU! Discover the sneaky specific ways self-comparison shows up for perfectionists, the difference between self-awareness + self-coaching, why self-comparison is not your fault but is your responsibility to change.  On paper, you've got it together— isn't it time you felt like it? Whether it's becoming much more DECISIVE in everything you do, stop playing out worst case scenarios in your head or becoming JOYFULLY PRESENT AMBITIOUS again, Perfectionism Optimized, private 1-1 coaching gives you the life-long skills to *finally feel* as amazing on the inside as your life looks on the outside. Get your stress-free start today at https://courtneylovegavin.com/rewireTIMESTAMPS:00:00-How you can stop comparing yourself to others02:32-The Annoying Problem with Surface-Level Self Comparison Tips03:46-Self Awareness vs. Self Coaching: What's the Difference?05:34-Dangers of DIY Approaches to Rewiring Perfectionism07:25-Why “How To Stop COmparing Yourself To Others” tips backfire for perfectionists12:10-Comparing Insides to Outsides Never Adds Up14:13-Moving the goalposts17:49-Punishment vs. Discipline: Changing Behaviors without Pain19:31-Understanding the Why Behind Your Perfectionistic TendenciesResources Mentioned In Episode 245:Perfect Start Introductory Session Single Coaching SessionBe Proud of Yourself Perfectionism Rewired Ep. 237Chasing Validation Perfectionism Rewired Ep. 236Proving Yourself At Work Perfectionism Rewired Ep. 232Citations/Sources:McCarthy, P. A., Meyer, T., Back, M. D., & Morina, N. (2023). How we compare: A new approach to assess aspects of the comparison process for appearance-based standards and their associations with individual differences in wellbeing and personality measures. PLOS ONE, 18(1), e0280072–e0280072. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280072White, J. B., Langer, E. J., Yariv, L., & Welch, J. C. (2006). Frequent Social Comparisons and Destructive Emotions and Behaviors: The Dark Side of Social Comparisons. Journal of Adult Development, 13(1), 36–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-006-9005-0Zhou, Y., Yang, Y., Jiang, H., & Guo, C. (2025). Self-comparison versus social-comparison: The impact of imperfection on executive function in perfectionists. Personality and Individual Differences, 234, 112965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2024.112965‌‌

Fluent Fiction - Mandarin Chinese: Rekindling Connections: A Tea House Reunion in Beijing Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/zh/episode/2025-01-22-23-34-02-zh Story Transcript:Zh: 在一个寒冷的冬日，北京的古老胡同里，飘散着更新鲜茶香的茶馆中，挂着红灯笼，墙上写满了书法，让整个地方显得温暖而怀旧。En: On a cold winter day, in the ancient hutong of Beijing, in a tea house filled with the aroma of fresh tea, red lanterns hung while the walls were covered with calligraphy, making the entire place feel warm and nostalgic.Zh: 在这样的氛围中，期待已久的旧友聚会终于来临。En: In this atmosphere, the long-awaited reunion of old friends finally took place.Zh: 茶馆的窗外，白雪在飘落，空气中透着春节的气息。En: Outside the tea house window, snow was falling, and the air bore the breath of the Spring Festival.Zh: 丽娜、江和美三人包了一间温馨的小雅间。En: Lina, Jiang, and Mei booked a cozy little private room.Zh: 丽娜是个内心细腻的作家，总是随身带着一个小笔记本，她希望这次重聚能给她的下一本书带来灵感。En: Lina is a sensitive writer who always carries a small notebook with her, hoping this reunion might inspire her next book.Zh: 江则是个热情的企业家，经常在工作与生活之间找不到平衡。En: Jiang is an enthusiastic entrepreneur who often struggles to find a balance between work and life.Zh: 美是一个话不多的艺术家，正在寻找自己独特的风格。En: Mei is a quiet artist seeking her unique style.Zh: 丽娜喝了一口热茶，看着久别的朋友们，她心里有些忐忑。En: Lina took a sip of hot tea and looked at her long-separated friends, feeling a bit anxious inside.Zh: 时间流逝，很多事物改变了。En: Time had passed, and many things had changed.Zh: 她想知道朋友们变得如何，又担心那些成就和隐痛可能让他们渐行渐远。En: She wanted to know how her friends had changed and feared that their achievements and unspoken pains might have driven them apart.Zh: “最近，你们都好吗？”丽娜打破沉默，轻声问道。En: "How have you all been recently?" Lina broke the silence, asking softly.Zh: 江先开口，他讲述了自己工作上的成功，如何公司蒸蒸日上。En: Jiang spoke first, sharing his work successes and how his company was prospering.Zh: 丽娜听了笑着点头，但她察觉到江眼底的一丝疲惫。En: Lina listened with a nod and smile but detected a hint of fatigue in Jiang's eyes.Zh: 美笑得温柔，却言语稀少。En: Mei smiled gently but said little.Zh: 她正在为新作品烦恼。En: She was troubled by her new work.Zh: 丽娜感受到气氛中隐隐的压力，决定率先打破僵局。En: Sensing the underlying pressure in the atmosphere, Lina decided to break the deadlock first.Zh: 她坦诚地说道：“其实，我最近也遇到了一些困难。En: She confessed, "Actually, I've encountered some difficulties lately.Zh: 写作没有灵感，我有点迷茫。”En: I've been lacking inspiration for my writing and feel a bit lost."Zh: 这番话让气氛陡然安静，En: Her words suddenly quieted the atmosphere.Zh: 江似乎犹豫着，不知如何开口。En: Jiang seemed hesitant, unsure of how to speak.Zh: 忽然，美开口，她说：“我也是，经常怀疑自己的画，是否真的有自己的风格。”En: Suddenly, Mei spoke up, saying, "Me too, I often doubt whether my paintings really have my own style."Zh: 美的声音虽然轻，却坚定。En: Mei's voice was light but firm.Zh: 丽娜欣慰地笑了，这种真实的分享让她感到温暖。En: Lina smiled reassuringly, feeling warmed by this honest sharing.Zh: 江终于放下了伪装，叹了口气，说：“我有时候觉得，我可能忽视了生活中更多重要的事情。”En: Jiang finally dropped his facade and sighed, saying, "Sometimes I feel like I might be neglecting more important things in life."Zh: 他们三人互相对视，熟悉的友谊重新被点燃。En: The three exchanged looks, rekindling their familiar friendship.Zh: 茶馆里，红灯笼映出温暖的光，他们再一次找回了当初的默契和信任。En: In the tea house, the red lanterns cast a warm glow as they rediscovered the mutual understanding and trust they once had.Zh: 丽娜心中一片明亮，她明白，真正打动人的故事源自真实的情感。En: Lina's heart felt bright, understanding that truly moving stories stem from genuine emotions.Zh: 聚会结束时，三人带着重新建立的联系走出茶馆。En: When the gathering ended, the three left the tea house with rebuilt connections.Zh: 每个人都受到鼓舞，准备好追求自己的目标。En: Each was encouraged and ready to pursue their goals.Zh: 丽娜找到了写作的热情，她知道，现在的她比以往任何时候都更具有灵感，因为她懂得了何为真实与深刻的朋友情谊。En: Lina rediscovered her passion for writing, realizing that she was more inspired than ever because she understood what true and profound friendship meant. Vocabulary Words:hutong: 胡同aroma: 香气nostalgic: 怀旧reunion: 聚会lantern: 灯笼calligraphy: 书法prospering: 蒸蒸日上facade: 伪装rekindling: 重新点燃genuine: 真实ancient: 古老embrace: 拥抱anxious: 忐忑fatigue: 疲惫hesitant: 犹豫inspiration: 灵感deadened: 陡然安静firm: 坚定reassuringly: 欣慰地mutual: 互相enthusiastic: 热情balance: 平衡style: 风格subtle: 细腻pressure: 压力deadlock: 僵局pains: 隐痛encountered: 遇到neglecting: 忽视profound: 深刻

Kevin Jiang of Mangusta Capital joins Nick to discuss Investing in xAI, Wiz, and Flexport; Masayoshi Son's Superpower; How Elon Will Win the LLM War; and Whether AI Is an Extinction-Level Event for SaaS. In this episode we cover: Choosing Early-Stage Investing Over Growth Investing Masayoshi and SoftBank's Investment Decisions X AI and Elon Musk's Vision for AI Vertical AI and Industry-Specific Solutions Scalability and Expansion in Vertical AI Challenges and Opportunities in AI Adoption Guest Links: Kevin Jiang's LinkedIn Company's LinkedIn Company's Website Kevin Jiang's Twitter/X The host of The Full Ratchet is Nick Moran of New Stack Ventures, a venture capital firm committed to investing in founders outside of the Bay Area. Want to keep up to date with The Full Ratchet? Follow us on social. You can learn more about New Stack Ventures by visiting our LinkedIn and Twitter. Are you a founder looking for your next investor? Visit our free tool VC-Rank and we'll send a list of potential investors right to your inbox!

Fluent Fiction - Mandarin Chinese: A Riverscape Reunion: Celebrating Family Bonds over Festivity Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/zh/episode/2025-01-09-23-34-02-zh Story Transcript:Zh: 天气清冷，漓江的水面上浮动着薄薄的雾气。En: The weather was chilly, and a thin mist lay over the surface of the Li River.Zh: 远处的喀斯特山峰高耸，形成了一幅优美的图画。En: In the distance, the karst peaks stood tall, creating a beautiful picture.Zh: 江边的村子正为即将到来的元宵节忙碌着，灯笼高高挂起，五彩缤纷。En: The village by the river was busy preparing for the upcoming Lantern Festival, with colorful lanterns hanging high.Zh: 明宇、丽莹和江兄弟三人站在江边。En: Mingyu, Liying, and Jiang, three siblings, stood by the river.Zh: 明宇是一位中年父亲，非常重视家庭。En: Mingyu is a middle-aged father who values family very much.Zh: 他希望这个春节能给家人带来美好的回忆。En: He hoped that this Spring Festival would bring beautiful memories to his family.Zh: 丽莹是他的女儿，青春活泼，对新事物充满好奇。En: Liying is his daughter, youthful and lively, full of curiosity about new things.Zh: 而江，明宇的弟弟，总是乐观、活泼，常常化解兄妹之间的小矛盾。En: And Jiang, Mingyu's brother, is always optimistic and cheerful, often resolving small disputes between the siblings.Zh: 他们计划在漓江边迎接元宵节的到来。En: They planned to welcome the Lantern Festival by the Li River.Zh: 可是，旅途中，丽莹突然觉得很不舒服，她额头发热，脸色苍白。En: However, during the journey, Liying suddenly felt very unwell, her forehead hot, and her face pale.Zh: 明宇心里一沉，看着女儿虚弱的样子，他感到很无助。En: Mingyu's heart sank as he looked at his daughter's weak state, feeling helpless.Zh: 他一直担心无法让一家人在春节期间尽兴，现在这个顾虑似乎成了现实。En: He had always worried about not being able to let the family fully enjoy the Spring Festival, and now this concern seemed to become a reality.Zh: 江试着缓和气氛，他说：“别担心，我们可以先找个地方休息，让丽莹好好养病，庆祝活动以后还有机会。En: Jiang tried to lighten the mood by saying, "Don't worry, we can first find a place to rest and let Liying recuperate; there will be other opportunities for the celebrations."Zh: ”但明宇心里纠结不已，究竟是继续前往灯会，还是该回家为女儿的健康着想呢？En: Yet, Mingyu was torn inside, wondering whether to continue to the lantern festival or to go home for his daughter's health.Zh: 经过一番思考，明宇做出了一个重要的决定。En: After some thought, Mingyu made an important decision.Zh: 他明白，女儿的健康比所有的庆祝都重要。En: He realized that his daughter's health was more important than any celebration.Zh: 他告诉江，“我们先给丽莹找个医生，不然她的病可能会加重。En: He told Jiang, "We should first find a doctor for Liying, or her illness might worsen."Zh: ”江赞同地点头，并迅速向江边的村民询问哪里可以找到医生或治疗师。En: Jiang nodded in agreement and quickly asked the villagers where they could find a doctor or healer.Zh: 不久，他们打听到村里有位经验丰富的医者，住在漓江旁的小木屋里。En: Soon, they learned that there was an experienced healer living in a small wooden house by the Li River.Zh: 他们急忙赶往那户人家，医者是一位和蔼的老者，听说丽莹的情况后，立刻带他们进了小屋。En: They hurried to the healer's home; the healer was a kind old man who, after hearing about Liying's condition, immediately brought them into his cottage.Zh: 老者的药方很快起了作用，丽莹的高烧在几个小时内退了下来。En: The old man's remedy took effect quickly, and Liying's fever subsided within a few hours.Zh: 不久，夜幕降临，漓江畔灯火通明。En: As night fell, the banks of the Li River were bright with lights.Zh: 虽然没有喧闹的花灯庆典，但一家人坐在村屋的暖和火炉旁，心里格外温暖。En: Although there were no bustling lantern festivals, the family sat by the warm furnace of the village house, feeling especially warm at heart.Zh: 丽莹精神好了很多，她微笑着对父亲说：“爸爸，这样的春节也很特别。En: Liying felt much better and smiled at her father, saying, "Dad, this kind of Spring Festival is special too."Zh: ”明宇看着女儿的笑容，顿时觉得一切辛劳都是值得的。En: Seeing his daughter's smile, Mingyu suddenly felt that all the hard work was worthwhile.Zh: 他明白，节日的真正意义，不在于多么华丽的庆祝，而在于家人的健康与团聚。En: He understood that the true meaning of the festival lies not in grand celebrations but in the health and togetherness of the family.Zh: 在这个特别的夜晚，他们围坐在一起，说着彼此的愿望，耳边传来漓江水的轻轻流淌声，那是这个新年最美的乐章。En: On this special night, they sat together, sharing their wishes, with the gentle flow of the Li River in their ears, composing the most beautiful symphony of the new year. Vocabulary Words:chilly: 清冷mist: 雾气surface: 水面karst: 喀斯特peaks: 山峰upcoming: 即将到来siblings: 兄弟youthful: 青春lively: 活泼curiosity: 好奇optimistic: 乐观disputes: 矛盾recuperate: 养病torn: 纠结worsen: 加重healer: 治疗师remedy: 药方subsided: 退了下来furnace: 火炉bustling: 喧闹togetherness: 团聚sympathy: 同情thinking: 思考helpful: 有用decided: 决定experienced: 经验丰富cottage: 小屋flow: 流淌gentle: 轻轻symphony: 乐章

Leo Jiang is a staff engineer with Amplitude. Amplitude is a digital analytics product that allows you to see how your customers drop off on your website. Number one tip: For people who want to get into software engineering, go make your own website and use amplitude to see how users are using your website.   Contact info: www.amplitude.com   https://www.engineeringcareeraccelerator.com/engineeringentrepreneur The Engineering Entrepreneur Podcast is produced by Scott Tarcy, President of CADdesignhelp.com. You can reach me at info@caddesignhelp.com

This episode features "Ancestor Code Error" by Ai Jiang (©2024 by Ai Jiang), and "The Ones Who Come At Last" by P.H. Lee (©2024 by P.H. Lee), both read by Stefan Rudnicki. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week on Sinica, in a show recorded in Beijing, I speak with Liu Yang and Jiang Jiang, the authors of two excellent newsletters — The China Channel and Ginger River Review, respectively — and two of the guys behind the YouTube show "Got China." They're making a great effort to bridge Chinese journalism with Anglophone reporting on China with perspectives and insights from within the Chinese state media system.4:24 – How Jiang Jiang and Liu Yang became journalists 11:42 – How Liu Yang and Jiang Jiang decided to launch their newsletters, and the advantages of being tǐzhì nèi 体制内20:29 – Jiang Jiang and Liu Yang's Got China show 25:46 – Liu Yang's and Jiang Jiang's empathy for American perspectives 29:53 – The negative American discourse on the Chinese economy and “China collapse theory” 37:21 The recent press conferences on monetary and policies, and the response in the realty market in Beijing 46:17 What's next for Got China Recommendations:Liu Yang: Modern Chinese Government and Politics 《当代中国政府与政治?》, a Chinese-language textbookJiang Jiang: The Chinese podcast Bié de diànbō 别的电波; and Shan Weijian's Out of the Gobi: My Story of China and AmericaKaiser: The album The Last Will and Testament by Swedish metal band Opeth; and the Provincial Cuisine Club in Beijing, for trying food from different parts of ChinaSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Last time we spoke about the Guangzhou, Gansu and Red Spear Uprisings. During China's Warlord Era, the CCP faced many challenges as they sought to implement land revolutions and armed uprisings. Following the Nanchang and Autumn Harvest uprisings, the CCP held an emergency meeting criticizing Chen Duxiu for his appeasement of the KMT right wing. With strong encouragement from Soviet advisors, the CCP planned a major uprising to seize control of Guangdong province. In November 1927, the CCP saw an opportunity as petty warlords in Guangdong and Guangxi engaged in conflict. Zhang Fakui's troops, vulnerable and demoralized, were targeted by the CCP. Mobilizing workers and peasants, the CCP initiated the Guangzhou Uprising. The uprising was ultimately suppressed by superior NRA troops, resulting in heavy CCP casualties and brutal reprisals. The failed uprisings, though unable to achieve immediate goals, ignited a persistent revolutionary spirit within the CCP, marking the beginning of a prolonged civil conflict that would shape China's future.   #121 The Sino-Soviet Conflict of 1929 Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. All the way back in 1919, the brand new Soviet government's assistance Commissar of foreign affairs, Lev Karakhan, issued a manifesto to the Beiyang government, promising the return of the Chinese Eastern Railway at zero financial cost. That statement was made in late July and alongside the railway, he also mentioned relinquishing a lot of rights the former Russian Empire had acquired from unequal treaties, such as the Boxer Protocol. This all became known as the Karakhan Manifesto, and it was formed in a time when the Soviets were fighting the Russian Civil War, advancing east into Siberia. In order to secure the war in Siberia the Soviets had to establish good relations with the Chinese. Yet six months after the july manifesto, Karakhan personally handed over a second version of said manifesto, one that did not influence the rather nice deal of handing over the Chinese eastern railway for free. The Soviets official statement was that they had accidentally promised the deal prior. The truth of the matter was some real politik work at play. The Soviets had been trying to secure a Sino-Soviet alliance against the Japanese, but it looked to them it would never come to be so they simply took the deal off the table.  Henceforth the issue cause a lot of friction. In March of 1920 the Fengtian forces disarmed White Russian Troops along the railway and seized control over its operations. In February of 1922 China and the USSR signed a agreement stipulating the Beiyang government would set up a special agency to manage the railway. Then in November the Chinese announced an area within 11 km along the railway would be designated a Eastern Province special district. In December the Soviet Union officially formed and by May the two nations agreed to settle a list of issues. The Soviets agreed to abolish all the unequal treaties formed by the Russian Empire handing over all the leased territories, consular jurisdiction, extraterritoriality, Boxer payments and such, but the Chinese Eastern Railway would be jointly managed by China and the USSR. Now since the railway sat in the area that Zhang Zuolin came to control, in September of 1924 the Soviets signed an agreement with the Fengtian clique. In this agreement, the Soviets lessened the 80 year lease over the railway to 60 years. The Soviets also promised to hand full control to Chinese administrators, but had a trick up their sleeve. The Soviets let the Chinese think they were adding workers and officials loyal to them, in reality the Soviets were creating more jobs on the railway while hiring Soviet workers. In the end the Soviets controlled roughly 67% of the key positions. When Zhang Zuolin went to war with Feng Yuxiang's Guominjun this changed things considerably. In December of 1925, Zhang Zuolin's army owed the Chinese eastern railway some 14 million rubles, prompting the Soviet administrator over the railway, Ivanov to prohibit Zhang Zuolin's army from using it. Fengtian commander Zhang Huanxiang simply arrested Ivanov disregarding his ban. The Soviets then sent an ultimatum to the Beiyang government demanding his release. So Zhang Zuolin ran to the Japanese to mediate. Things smoothed over until 1928 when the Huanggutun incident saw Zhang Zuolin assassinated. As we saw at the end of the northern expedition, his son Zhang Xueliang responded by raising the KMT flag on December 29th of 1928, joining Chiang Kai-Shek. The next day Zhang Xueliang was made commander in chief of the Northeast.  Now Chiang Kai-Shek's government had broken diplomatic relations with the USSR after the Shanghai massacre purge. Thus Zhang Xueliang felt the old treaties signed by his father with the Soviets were null and void and looked upon the Chinese Eastern Railway enviously. To give some context outside of China. At this point in time, the USSR was implementing rural collectivization, ie; the confiscation of land and foodstuffs. This led to wide scale conflict with peasants, famines broke out, I would say the most well known one being the Holodmor in Ukraine. Hundreds of millions of people starved to death. The USSR was also still not being recognized by many western powers. Thus from the perspective of Zhang Xueliang, it looked like the USSR were fraught with internal and external difficulties, they had pretty much no friends, so taking the railway would probably be a walk in the park.  Zhang Xueliang began diplomatically, but negotiations were going nowhere, so he got tougher. He ordered his officials to take back control over the Chinese Eastern Railway zone police, municipal administration, taxation, land, everything. He instructed Zhang Jinghui, the governor of Harbin's special administrative zone to dispatch military police to search the Soviet embassy in Harbin and arrest the consul general. Zhang Jinghui did so and closed the Soviet consulates in Harbin, Qiqihar and Hailar. All of this of course pissed off the Soviets who responded by protesting the new Nanjing government, demanding the release of their people, while increasing troops to the border of Manchuria. The Soviets announced they were willing to reduce their control over the railway as a concession. This entire situation became known as the May 27th incident and unleashed a tit for tat situation. On July 13th, the Soviets sent an ultimatum giving three days for a response "If a satisfactory answer is not obtained, the Soviet government will be forced to resort to other means to defend all the rights of the Soviet Union." On the 17th the Soviets recalled their officials, cut off the railway traffic between China and the USSR, ejected Chinese envoys from the USSR and cut off diplomatic relations with China. In the background Joseph Stalin was initially hesitating to perform any military actions, not wanting to antagonize the Japanese in Manchuria. However the Soviet consul in Tokyo, sent back word that Japan was completely willing to stay out of any conflict if the Soviets limited it to just northern Manchuria. Thus Stalin decided to act. On August 6th, Stalin formed the Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army under the command of General Vasily Blyukher. It was composed of three infantry divisions; the 1st Pacific Infantry Division, the 2nd Amur Infantry Division, and the 35th Trans-Baikal Infantry Division), one cavalry brigade (the 5th Kuban Cavalry Brigade), and the addition of the Buryat Mongolian Independent Cavalry Battalion. The total force was said to be as many as 30,000 with their headquarters located in Khabarovsk. Blyukher also had the support of the Far Eastern Fleet, roughly 14 shallow water heavy gunboats, a minesweeper detachment, an aviation detachment with 14 aircraft, and a marine battalion commanded by Yakov Ozolin. Blyukher had served during the civil war and was a military advisor in China attached to Chiang Kai-SHek's HQ. He had a large hand to play in the northern expedition, and was one of the select Soviets Chiang Kai-Shek intentionally made sure got home safe during the purge. Blyukher would exercises a unusual amount of autonomy with his far east command, based out of Khabarovsk. For the upcoming operation a 5th of the entire Red Army was mobilized to assist. On the other side Zhang Xueliang mobilized as many troops as he could, including many White Russians hiding out in Manchuria. His total strength on paper was 270,000, but only 100,000 would be actively facing the Soviets as the rest were needed to maintain public order and to defend southern Manchuria. The person in charge of the Eastern Line of the Chinese Eastern Railway was the brigade commander of the Jilin Army, Ding Chao, and the western line was the brigade commander of the Heilongjiang Army, Liang Zhongjia, and the chief of staff was Zhang Wenqing. Wang Shuchang led the First Army to guard the eastern line, and Hu Yukun led the Second Army to guard the western line. The Soviet army also had a quality advantage in equipment. In terms of artillery, the Soviet army had about 200 artillery pieces, including more than a dozen heavy artillery pieces, while the Chinese army had only 135 infantry artillery pieces and no heavy artillery. At the same time, the Soviet army also had a quality advantage in machine guns because it was equipped with 294 heavy machine guns and 268 highly mobile light machine guns. The Chinese army was equipped with only 99 heavy machine guns. In terms of air force, the Chinese army had 5 aircraft that were combat effective. On July 26th the Soviets bombarded Manzhouli from three directions along the western end of the Chinese Eastern Railway. Two days later a Soviet infantry regiment, 3 armored vehicles and 4 artillery pieces advanced to Shibali station, cutting the lines to Manzhouli. They then ordered the Chinese military and police to withdraw as they captured Manzhouli. Then on the 29th the began bombarding Dangbi. On August 8th, 100 Soviet troops carrying two artillery pieces and 3 machine guns engaged Chinese forces outside the south gate of Oupu County street, casualties were heavy for both sides. 5 Soviet aircraft circled over Suifenhe City firing 200 rounds and dropping bombs over the Dongshan Army defense post and Sandaodongzi. The next day 40 Soviet soldiers established two checkpoints at Guzhan blocking traffic and they even began kidnapping civilians. That same day 300 Soviet soldiers and two gunboats occupied the Hujiazhao factory. On the 12th, Sanjianfang, Zhongxing and Lijia's Oil Mill were occupied by over 2000 Soviet troops. Meanwhile 80 Soviets amphibiously assaulted Liuhetun using 8 small boats, killing its defenders before returning to the other side. The next day two Soviet gunboats, 300 marines and 2 aircraft attacked Suidong county in Heilongjiang province while another force attacked Oupu county with artillery. On the morning of the 14th both counties fell. In response the Nanjing government dispatched Liu Guang, the chief of the military department to inspect the Northeast front. On the 15th Zhang Xueliang issued mobilization orders against the USSR, seeing his standing front line forces bolstered to 100,000. On the 15th the foreign minister of the Nanjing government, Wang Zhengting reported to Chiang Kai-Shek negotiations were going nowhere, the Soviets were adamant about getting their rights returned over the Chinese Eastern Railways. The next day, Wang Zhenting told reporters that if the Soviets attacked anymore China would declare war. The next day Zhang Xueliang was interviewed by the Chicago Daily News and had this to say. "The Soviet Union disregarded international trust, trampled on the non-war pact, and rashly sent troops to invade our country. We respect the non-war pact and have repeatedly made concessions to show our responsibility for provoking the provocation. If the Russian side continues to advance, we will be willing to be the leader of the war, so we have prepared everything and will do our best to fight to the death."  On the 16th two Soviet infantry companies and one cavalry company attacked Zhalannur from Abagaitu along the border. The two sides fought for 2 hours until the Soviets stormed the Zhalannur station. After another 5 hours of combat the Soviets pulled back over the border. By this point enough was enough. China declared war on August 17th escalating what was an incident around the Chinese Eastern Railway zone into a full blown war.  Blyukher had developed a plan for an offensive consisting of two rapid operations. The first would be against the Chinese naval forces and the second against the ground forces via a large encirclement. After the war was declared on the 17th, the Soviet Army advanced into Manchuria from the western end of the Chinese Eastern Railway. The Red Banner Special Far Eastern Army initially dispatched a total of 6,091 infantrymen and 1,599 artillerymen in front of Manchuria, equipped with 88 artillery pieces of 76.2 mm or above, excluding artillery belonging to infantry regiments, 32 combat aircraft, 3 armored trains, and 9 T-18 light tanks . The army units included: the 35th and 36th Infantry Divisions of the 18th Infantry Army; the 5th Cavalry Brigade; the Buryat Mongolian Cavalry Battalion; an independent tank company equipped with T-18 tanks, the 6th Aviation Detachment, the 25th Aviation Detachment, the 26th Bomber Squadron, the 18th Army Artillery Battalion, the 18th Engineering Battalion, and a Railway Battalion.  The first battle broke out around Manzhouli. Liang Zhongjia, the brigade commander stationed in Manzhouli, reported this to his superiors of the engagement “of the battle situation, the 38th and 43rd regiments under my command fought with a regiment of Soviet infantry and cavalry for 4 hours in the afternoon and are still in a standoff. The Soviet army has more than one division of troops near Abagaitu”. At 10:30 p.m. on the 18th, the Soviets began to attack the positions of the 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the 43rd Regiment of the Northeastern Army in Zhalannur. At 1 p.m. on August 19, the Soviets added about 600 to 700 troops opposite the positions of the 43rd Regiment of Zhalannur. At 5 a.m the Soviets dispatched five aircraft from Abagaitu to Shibali Station. On the 19th, the Soviets captured Suibin County with ease. At 6 a.m. on the 20th, the Soviets used armored trains to transport more than 200 troops to attack the 10th Cavalry Regiment of Liang Zhongjia's troops. After fighting for about an hour, the Soviets retreated. On the 23rd a battle broke out in Mishan and on the 25th 400 Soviet cavalry began building fortifications roughly a kilometer near the Chinese 43rd regiment at Zhalannur. Zhang Xueliang spoke again to the Chinese and foreign press on the 25th stating this. "Foreigners have many misunderstandings about the Eastern Province's actions this time, thinking that it is to take back the Eastern Route and violate the treaty. In fact, we have no intention of violating the 1924 Sino-Russian Agreement or the Agreement with Russia, because China has signed it and has no intention of violating it. China has no intention of taking back the route at all. What it wants is to remove the Russian personnel who are involved in the communist movement. Moreover, in this matter, the Eastern Route is a very small issue. The real point is that the Russians use China as a base for communism, and we have to take measures in self-defense." Between the 28th to the 30th an intense battle broke out at Wangqing.  On the 31st, Soviet gunboats bombarded three garrisons around  Heihe. On September 4th, the Soviet army bombarded the right wing of the 43rd and 38th Regiments stationed in Lannur. At 4 pm on the 9th, a single regiment of the Soviet army, under the cover of artillery, launched a fierce attack on the Chinese army at Manzhouli Station from the Shibali Station, but by 8:30 pm, they pulled back. At 4 pm, 8 Soviet aircraft bombed Suifenhe Station, causing over 50 Chinese casualties and injured a regimental commander. On the night of the 16th, more than 100 Soviet troops attacked the Kukdoboka checkpoint in Lubin County and burned down the checkpoint. On the 18th, the Soviet government announced to the ambassadors of various countries that they had always advocated for a peaceful solution to the issue of the Chinese Eastern Railway, while China's attitude was hypocritical and insincere. It was believed that future negotiations were hopeless, and all previous negotiations mediated by Germany were terminated. From now on, they stated quote “the Soviet Union would not bear any responsibility for any ominous incidents caused on the Sino-Russian border”. With negotiations completely broken down, Blyukher was given the greenlight to launch a fatal blow.  On October 2, more than a thousand Soviet infantryman, supported by aircraft and artillery stormed the positions of the 3rd Battalion of the 38th Regiment in Manzhouli. The two sides fought until the morning of the 3rd. On the 4th Zhang Xueiliang drafted the “national volunteer army organization regulations letter” trying to embolden the population stating "when the foreigners invade the border, the first thing to do is to resist. All citizens or groups who are willing to sacrifice their lives for the country on the battlefield will be volunteers or volunteer soldiers." The new regulations stipulated that volunteers of this new group would be named as the National Volunteer Army. On October the 10th, 30,000 Soviet forces on the Baikal side advanced through the northeastern border of China. At this time, the brigade responsible for defending Liang Zhongjia had been fighting with the Soviet troops for dozens of days. There was no backup and they were in urgent need of help. According to Chinese observations, the Soviets deployed nearly 80,000 troops by land, sea and air on the Sino-Soviet border. Along the eastern front, the Soviets capture in succession Sanjiangkou, Tongjiang and Fujin. Meanwhile at 5am on the 12th the Far Eastern Fleet commanded engaged in a firefight with the Songhua River Defense Fleet, near Sanjiangkou. According to Chinese reconnaissance, the Soviet warships participating in the battle included: the flagship "Sverdlov" a shallow-water heavy gunboat led by Sgassk, the shallow-water heavy gunboat "Sun Yat-sen", the shallow-water heavy gunboat "Red East", the shallow-water heavy gunboat "Lenin", the inland gunboat "Red Flag", and the inland gunboat "Proletariat", with a total of 4 152mm cannons, 26 120mm cannons, 6 85mm anti-aircraft guns, 8 37mm anti-aircraft guns, and more than ten aircraft for support. The Chinese forces were led by Yin Zuogan who commanded six shallow-water gunboats, including the "Lijie" (flagship), "Lisui", "Jiangping", "Jiang'an", and "Jiangtai", and the "Dongyi" armed barge as a towed artillery platform. Except for the "Jiangheng" of 550 tons and the "Liji" of 360 tons, the rest were all below 200 tons, and the entire fleet had 5 120mm guns. In the ensuing battle the Jiangping, Jiang'an, Jiangtai, Lijie, and Dongyi, were sunk, and the Lisui ship was seriously injured and forced to flee back to Fujin.The Chinese side claimed that they damaged two Soviet ships, sunk one, and shot down two fighter planes; but according to Soviet records, five Soviet soldiers were killed and 24 were injured.  At the same time as the naval battle around Sanjiangkou, two Soviet gunboats covered four armed ships, the Labor, Karl Marx, Mark Varyakin, and Pavel Zhuravlev, carrying a battalion of more than 400 people from the 2nd Infantry Division Volochaev Regiment, landing about 5 kilometers east of Tongjiang County and attacking the Chinese military station there. The Northeast Marine Battalion guarding the area and the Meng Zhaolin Battalion of the 9th Army Brigade jointly resisted and repelled the Soviet's initial attack. The Chinese suffered heavy losses, with more than 500 officers and soldiers killed and wounded, and more than 70 people including the Marine Battalion Captain Li Runqing captured.  On the 14th, the Chinese sank 6 tugboats, 2 merchant ships and 2 warships in the waterway 14 kilometers downstream of Fujin, forming a blockade line; and set up solid artillery positions and a 13-kilometer-long bunker line nearby, destroying all bridges on the road from Tongjiang to Fujin. A battle broke out at Tongjiang and according to the the report of Shen Honglie “the Northeast Navy suffered more than 500 casualties (including marines), 4 warships were sunk, 1 was seriously damaged, and the "Haijun" gunboat (45 tons) was captured by the Soviet army and renamed "Pobieda"; 17 officers including the battalion commander Meng Zhaolin and 350 soldiers of the army were killed; the Chinese side announced that 2 Soviet planes were shot down (some sources say 1), 3 Soviet warships were sunk, 4 were damaged, and more than 300 casualties”. On the 18th, the Soviets completely withdrew from the Tongjiang, allowing the two regiments of Lu Yongcai and Zhang Zuochen of the 9th Brigade to recapture it. On the 30th, Admiral Ozolin led some Soviet land forces in a major attack in the Fujian area. He organized the troops under his jurisdiction into two groups. He led the first group personally, who were supported by heavy gunboats Red East, Sun Yat-Sen and gunboats Red Flag, Proletarian, Buryat, minelayer Powerful and the armored boat Bars. Their mission was to annihilate the remnants of the river defense fleet anchored in Fujin. The second group was commanded by Onufryev, the commander of the Soviet 2nd infantry division. His group consisted of the shallow-water heavy gunboat Serdlov, gunboat Pauper and the transport fleets steam carrying the Volochaev Regiment and the 5th Amur regiment who landed at Fujin.  On the other side the Chinese had concentrated two infantry brigades, 3 cavalry regiments and a team of police with the support of the gunboats Jiangheng,  Lisui, Liji and the tugboat Lichuan. At 9 am on the 31st, the 7 Soviet ships suddenly destroyed the river blocking ropes and entered the Fujin River bank, bombarding the Chinese army, as cavalry landed. The Chinese ships "Lisui" and "Lichuan" sank successively, and only the "Jiangheng" managed to participate in the battle, but soon sank after firing only three shots. At 7 pm 21 Soviet ships sailed up the Songhua River, as part of the cavalry landed at Tuziyuan, advancing step by step towards Fujin. At 9 pm 7 Soviet ships approached the Fujin River bank, with roughly 700 infantry, cavalry and artillery soldiers of the 2nd Amur Infantry Division landed. The Chinese army collapsed without a fight, retreating to Huachuan, and by11am, Fujin county was occupied. Chinese sources reported “the Soviet army burned down the civil and military institutions separately and destroyed all the communication institutions. They distributed all the flour from the Jinchang Fire Mill to the poor, and plundered all the weapons, ammunition and military supplies." On the evening of November 1, the Soviet infantry, cavalry and artillery withdrew from the east gate. On the morning of the 2nd, the Soviet ships withdrew one after another. According to Soviet records, nearly 300 Chinese soldiers were killed in this battle, with thousands captured, while the Soviet army only lost 3 people and injured 11 people . The Chinese Songhua River fleet was completely destroyed, and 9 merchant ships were captured. In early November, the weather in the north became freezing cold, leading the rivers to freeze. Soviet warships retreated back to Khabarovsk, and their infantry and cavalry also returned by land. The war on the Eastern Front was basically over.  As for the western front, the main battlefields revolved around Manzhouli and Zhalannur. Since August 1929, conflicts here continued, a lot of back and forth stuff. The soviets would storm the areas and pull out. Yet in November, the war in the west escalated.  The commander of the Soviet Trans-Baikal Group, was Stepan Vostrezov, wielding the 21st, 35th and 36th infantry divisions, the 5th Cavalry Brigade, 331 heavy machine guns, 166 light machine guns, 32 combat aircraft, 3 armored trains, 58 light artillery, 30 heavy artillery, 9 T-18 ultra-light tanks, amongst other tanks. The Chinese side had about 16,000 people. There would be three major battles : the Battle of Zhallanur, the Battle of Manzhouli, and the Battle of Hailar. On November the 16th, the Soviets unleashed a large-scale offensive, tossing  nearly 40,000 troops, 400 artillery pieces, 40 tanks and 30 aircraft against the western front. At 11pm the Soviets crossed over the border. At 3am on the 17th the 5th Kuban Cavalry Brigade set out from Abagaitui, followed by the 35th Infantry Division who crossed the frozen surface of the Argun River, hooking around the rear of the Chinese garrison in Zhalannur along the east bank of the Argun River. At 7am Soviet aircraft began bombing the western front. The Chinese garrison headquarters, tram house, 38th Regiment building, and military police station were all bombed, and the radio station was also damaged. At noon, the Binzhou Railway was cut off 10-12 kilometers east of the city, and Zhalannur was attacked. Supported by 8 T-18 tanks and fighter planes, they attacked Zhalannur several times. On the morning of the 18th, the Soviet 5th Cavalry Brigade launched an attack against the 7,000-man 17th Brigade of the Chinese Army guarding Zhalannur. At 1pm on the 18th the Zhalannur Station and the Coal Mine was occupied by the Soviet army. The Chinese defenders, Brigadier Han Guangdi and Commander Zhang Linyu, were killed in action. More than half of the brigade officers and soldiers were killed and more than a thousand were captured. After capturing Zhalannur the Soviets concentrated their forces against Manzhouli. On the 19th, 7 T-18s supported the 108th Infantry Regiment of the Soviet 36th Division to attack Manzhouli from the east and west. Artillery pounded the city, before it was stormed. The 15th Brigade of the Chinese Army guarding the area was quickly surrounded by the Soviet army. Brigade Commander Liang Zhongjia and Chief of Staff Zhang Wenqing, alongside nearly 250 officers, fled to the Japanese consulate and surrendered to the Soviet army on the 20th. According to Soviet records, in the battles of Zhalannur and Manzhouli, over 1,500 Chinese soldiers were killed and more than 9,000 were captured, while the Soviet side lost 143 people, 665 were wounded and 4 were missing. Additionally 30 Chinese artillery pieces and 2 armored trains were captured by the Soviet army. The Soviets claimed that Chinese troops from Lake Khinkai were attacking Iman, modern day Dalnerechensk. In the name of self-defense, the Soviets began bombing Mishan on November 17 and mobilized  the Soviet Primorsky State Army and the 1st Pacific Rifle Infantry Division. The 1st Pacific Division and the 9th Independent Cavalry Brigade advanced towards Mishan, 40 kilometers from the border. Soviet records showed that during this battle the Chinese army suffered more than 1,500 casualties and 135 prisoners. The Soviets seized 6 machine guns, 6 mortars, 500 horses, 6 mortars, 200 horses and a large number of confidential documents. On November 23rd, 12 Soviet aircraft bombed Hailar, before capturing the city the next day.  By late November the Chinese had suffered something in the ballpark of 10,000 casualties along various fronts and an enormous amount of their equipment was taken by the Soviets. The Chinese officially reported 2000 deaths, 1000 wounded with more than 8000 captured. The Soviets reported 812 deaths, 665 wounded with under 100 missing. The Japanese had actually been quite the thorn for the Chinese during the war. They had intentionally barred Chinese forces from advancing north through their South Manchurian Railway zone, a large hindrance. Likewise the Kwantung army stationed in Liaoning were mobilizing, giving the impression they would exploit the situation at any moment.  In the face of quite a catastrophic and clear defeat, Nanjing's ministry of foreign affairs tossed a cease fire demand asking for foreign mediation. By December 3rd, Britain, France and the US asked both sides to stop the war so they could mediate a peace. The USSR rejected the participation of a third nation and suggested they could negotiate with China mono e mono. Zhang Xueliang accepted the proposal, dispatching Cai Yunsheng quickly to Shuangchengzi who signed an armistice with the Soviet representative Smanovsky. On the 16th real negotiations began and on the 22nd a draft agreement was signed. The draft stipulated both nations would re-cooperate over the Chinese Eastern Railway and that the Red Army would pull out of Manchuria as soon as both sides exchanged prisoners and officials. Thus the entire incident was resolved after humiliating China. While this all seemed completely needless, perhaps not significant, don't forget, the Japanese were watching it all happen in real time, taking notes, because they had their own ideas about Manchuria.  I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. And so the Soviets and brand new Nationalist Republic of China went to war over, honestly a petty squabble involving railway rights and earnings. It was a drop in the bucket for such a war torn nation and only further embarrassed it on the world stage. Yet the Soviets might not be the foreign nation China should be looking out for.