Podcast appearances and mentions of luke shaefer

Here's Episode 82 of Michigan's premier progressive podcast! It's another week.  That means it's another episode of the Republican Crime Syndicate! Democratic Attorney General Dana Nessel announced several charges against former Michigan Republican state House Speaker Lee Chatfield, and his wife, Stephanie, for operating a criminal enterprise! Just like Chatfield's hero, Dear Leader Trump, he will soon find himself in a courtroom. And Chatfield also finds himself following in the footsteps of fellow Republican state House Speaker, Rick Johnson!  This is the Law & Order party? But while some policymakers work on finding ways to enrich themselves, there are many Michiganders working hard to enrich the lives of others.  One good example is the Rx Kids program in Flint, which provides a no-strings attached cash allowances to mothers and their babies. Other countries have provided similar programs, and experienced success with fewer premature births, improved cognitive development for infants, and more. The program is a mix of public and private funds, and Governor Gretchen Whitmer is providing more money as part of her 2025 budget proposal. It's about transforming the social contract to expand opportunities for hard-working Michiganders.  Dr. H. Luke Shaefer is the co-director of the Rx Kids program. Dr. Shaefer is a professor of social justice, social policy and public policy at the University of Michigan, and he gives us insight into Rx Kids, and what it ultimately hopes to achieve.  And the "Last Call" applauds the Rx Kids program in Flint, and how we hope the program expands to other areas of the state of Michigan. It's a pro-family initiative, and it's a common sense initiative! Please, subscribe to the podcast, download each episode, and give it a good review if you can! leftoflansing@gmail.com leftoflansing.com

Check out one of our favorite episodes! Hosts Bruce Lesley and Messellech “Selley” Looby chat with Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha and Professor Luke Shaefer about “Rx Kids,” their innovative program to support pregnant women and infants in Flint, Michigan. Dr. Hanna-Attisha is a pediatrician and activist best known for leading studies that exposed the deadly levels of lead in Flint's water supply. Dr. Shaefer leads Poverty Solutions, an interdisciplinary initiative at the University of Michigan that partners with communities and policymakers to find new ways to prevent and alleviate poverty. Their conversation with our hosts centers on the importance of “Rx Kids,” which gives pregnant moms a prenatal allowance and support during the first 12 months of a child's life. By supporting families during their most vulnerable window, the program aims to address a root cause of health equity and opportunity. Read more from Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha, Dr. Luke Shaefer, and about Rx Kids:Article: I Helped Expose the Lead Crisis in Flint. Here's What Other Cities Should Do. By Mona Hanna-AttishaArticle: The Future for Flint's Children, By Mona Hanna-AttishaArticle: I'm Sick of Asking Children to Be Resilient, By Mona Hanna-AttishaArticle: 20 Years Since Welfare 'Reform', By Kathryn J. Edin and H. Luke ShaeferArticle: A Simple Approach to Ending Extreme Poverty, By H. Luke Shaefer and Kathryn J. Edin Book: What the Eyes Don't See: A Story of Crisis, Resistance, and Hope in an American City, By Mona Hanna-AttishaBook: $2.00 a Day: Living on Almost Nothing in America, By Kathryn Edin and H. Luke Shaefer Article: Rx Kids launch takes place in Flint, is almost unbelievable to new Flint moms, by Tanya Article: Rx Kids program aims to tackle poverty to improve health of Flint moms and babies,MSU Today with Russ White Stay up to date with Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha and Dr. Luke Shaefer on social media. Follow them on Twitter, @MonaHannaA and @profshaefer. Donate to RxKids on Give Directly. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

For nearly a decade, Flint, Michigan has been synonymous with the lead and water crisis that put the city on the map. But Flint is resilient. Abdul reflects on the central role of poverty in all that Flint experienced. Then he speaks with Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha, the pediatrician who uncovered the water crisis, and Prof. Luke Shaefer, an anti-poverty researcher, about their new “Rx Kids” program to provide cash to pregnant moms to solve poverty in Flint. If you're interested in earning CME credit for listening to America Dissected, share more about your needs at AmericaDissectedCME.com.

We explore the resurgence of interest in rural communities. We delve into the current state of rural research, uncovering the gaps compared to urban research. We dive into the legacies of the deepest poverty in America and the mechanisms through which it persists. We'll hear from Luke Shaefer, co-author of a new book, The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America about the poorest places in the country – from Appalachia, the Cotton and Tobacco Belts, and South Texas – to examine the inequalities shaping people's health, livelihoods, and upward social mobility and develop a multidimensional Index of Deep Disadvantage. Using a data-driven approach, Luke Shaefer has sought to understand what these places have in common and the potential for positive change. However, for real transformation to occur, evidence-based policies tailored to each unique rural landscape are essential. We'll discuss transformative visions for rural research, advocating for national-level funding and coordination, policy relevance through an asset-based lens, and cross-stakeholder collaboration. To learn more about Evidence In Action and the Urban Institute please visit Urban.org/evidence-action-podcast.

In this episode, our hosts Bruce Lesley and Messellech “Selley” Looby chat with Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha and Professor Luke Shaefer about “Rx Kids,” their innovative program to support pregnant women and infants in Flint, Michigan. Dr. Hanna-Attisha is a pediatrician and activist best known for leading studies that exposed the deadly levels of lead in Flint's water supply. Dr. Shaefer leads Poverty Solutions, an interdisciplinary initiative at the University of Michigan that partners with communities and policymakers to find new ways to prevent and alleviate poverty. Their conversation with our hosts centers on the importance of “Rx Kids,” which gives pregnant moms a prenatal allowance and support during the first 12 months of a child's life. By supporting families during their most vulnerable window, the program aims to address a root cause of health equity and opportunity. Read more from Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha, Dr. Luke Shaefer, and about Rx Kids: Article: I Helped Expose the Lead Crisis in Flint. Here's What Other Cities Should Do. By Mona Hanna-AttishaArticle: The Future for Flint's Children, By Mona Hanna-AttishaArticle: I'm Sick of Asking Children to Be Resilient, By Mona Hanna-AttishaArticle: 20 Years Since Welfare 'Reform', By Kathryn J. Edin and H. Luke ShaeferArticle: A Simple Approach to Ending Extreme Poverty, By H. Luke Shaefer and Kathryn J. Edin Book: What the Eyes Don't See: A Story of Crisis, Resistance, and Hope in an American City, By Mona Hanna-AttishaBook: $2.00 a Day: Living on Almost Nothing in America, By Kathryn Edin and H. Luke Shaefer Article: Rx Kids launch takes place in Flint, is almost unbelievable to new Flint moms, by Tanya Article: Rx Kids program aims to tackle poverty to improve health of Flint moms and babies,MSU Today with Russ White Stay up to date with Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha and Dr. Luke Shaefer on social media. Follow them on Twitter, @MonaHannaA and @profshaefer. Donate to RxKids on Give Directly. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Where you live can affect the quality of education you receive, your chances of finding a good job, and even how long you might live. In their new book, “The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America,” Dr. Luke Shaefer and his co-authors Kathryn Edin and Timothy Nelson create a new way of looking at poverty, called the Index of Deep Disadvantage. Their team spends time in and learns about the communities that have the worst scores, and find that legacies of profound racism, extractive big industry, and crumbling social infrastructure contribute to generations of people struggling to thrive. But even in these communities that face multiple layers of challenge and trauma, there are rays of hope and residents determined to improve their lives and those of their neighbors. Luke Shaefer is an IRP Affiliate and the Hermann and Amalie Kohn Professor of Social Justice and Social Policy at the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan. He is a Professor of Social Work, and the Director of Poverty Solutions, also at the University of Michigan.

Contents Podcast Panelists Additional Resources Transcript   In the fall of 2023, we kicked off our three-part Place Matters webinar series with our first installment: “A New Lens on Poverty: Working Towards Fairness of Place in the United States.” The webinar discussion featured the work of Mona Hanna-Attisha, MD, MPH, FAAP, whose research uncovered the water crisis in Flint, H. Luke Shaefer, PhD, co-author of the new book The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America, and their groundbreaking new program, RxKids, an innovative effort to address child poverty and improve health equity. This conversation, moderated by our Chief Science Officer, Lindsey Burghardt, MD, MPH, FAAP, has been adapted for the Brain Architects podcast.   Panelists Mona Hanna-Attisha, MD, MPH, FAAPFounding Director, Pediatric Public Health Initiative  H. Luke Shaefer, PhDProfessor of Public Policy and Director of Policy Solutions, University of Michigan  Lindsey C. Burghardt, MD, MPH, FAAP (Moderator)Chief Science Officer, Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University Rebecca Hansen, MFA (Webinar Host)Director of Communications, Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University Amelia Johnson (Podcast Host)Communications Specialist, Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University Additional Resources Place Matters: The Environment We Create Shapes the Foundations of Healthy Development RxKids The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America What the Eyes Don't See: A Story of Crisis, Resistance, and Hope in an American City Transcript Amelia Johnson: Welcome to The Brain Architects, a podcast from the Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University. I'm Amelia Johnson, the Center's Communications Specialist. Our Center believes that advances in the science of child development provide a powerful source of new ideas that can improve outcomes for children and their caregivers. By sharing the latest science from the field, we hope to help you make that science actionable and apply it in your work in ways that can increase your impact.  In October, we kicked off our three-part Place Matters webinar series with our first installment: “A New Lens on Poverty: Working Towards Fairness of Place in the United States.” During the webinar, Dr. Lindsey Burghardt, our Chief Science Officer, moderated a discussion between Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha, whose research uncovered the water crisis in Flint, and H. Luke Shaefer, co-author of the new book The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America. The resulting explores how the qualities of the places where people live are shaped by historic and current policies, which have created deep disadvantage across many communities with important implications for the health and development of the children who live there. We're happy to share these insights with you all on today's episode.  Now, without further ado, here's Rebecca Hansen, the Center's Director of Communications, who will set the stage with a brief overview of the webinar series.  Rebecca Hansen: Alright, hello, everyone. My name is Rebecca Hansen, and I'm the Director of Communications here at the Center on the Developing Child. And I'm very excited to welcome you all to today's webinar, A New Lens on Poverty: Working Toward Fairness of Place in the United States. This webinar is the first in an ongoing series designed to examine the many ways that a child's broader environment, including the built and natural environments, as well as the systemic factors that shape those environments, all play a role in shaping early childhood development beginning before birth. In this series, we will explore various environment tool influences from both scientific and community-based perspectives, including strategies to work toward fairness of place and improve existing conditions to allow all children to thrive.

There are parts of the country where upward mobility is simply unobtainable. Kathryn J. Edin, William Church Osborne Professor of Sociology and Public Affairs at Princeton University, joins host Krys Boyd to discuss the intersection of poverty and geography and why in rural parts of the country residents feel the American Dream is on life support. The book, written with co-authors H. Luke Shaefer and Timothy J. Nelson, is “The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America.”

My guest today is Luke Shaefer, the Hermann and Amalie Kohn Professor of Social Justice and Social Policy and Associate Dean for Research and Policy Engagement at the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan. He is also a professor of social work and the inaugural director of Poverty Solutions, an interdisciplinary, presidential initiative that partners with communities and policymakers to find new ways to prevent and alleviate poverty. The topic is his co-authored book The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America. In this episode of Trend Following Radio we discuss: The Great Society and LBJ's initiatives Poverty, education, crime, and racism Economic changes, job decline, and economic opportunities Police killings in America Gun control and gun violence Education inequality Jump in! --- I'm MICHAEL COVEL, the host of TREND FOLLOWING RADIO, and I'm proud to have delivered 10+ million podcast listens since 2012. Investments, economics, psychology, politics, decision-making, human behavior, entrepreneurship and trend following are all passionately explored and debated on my show. To start? I'd like to give you a great piece of advice you can use in your life and trading journey… cut your losses! You will find much more about that philosophy here: https://www.trendfollowing.com/trend/ You can watch a free video here: https://www.trendfollowing.com/video/ Can't get enough of this episode? You can choose from my thousand plus episodes here: https://www.trendfollowing.com/podcast My social media platforms: Twitter: @covel Facebook: @trendfollowing LinkedIn: @covel Instagram: @mikecovel Hope you enjoy my never-ending podcast conversation!

My guest today is Luke Shaefer, the Hermann and Amalie Kohn Professor of Social Justice and Social Policy and Associate Dean for Research and Policy Engagement at the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan. He is also a professor of social work and the inaugural director of Poverty Solutions, an interdisciplinary, presidential initiative that partners with communities and policymakers to find new ways to prevent and alleviate poverty. The topic is his co-authored book The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America. In this episode of Trend Following Radio we discuss: The Great Society and LBJ's initiatives Poverty, education, crime, and racism Economic changes, job decline, and economic opportunities Police killings in America Gun control and gun violence Education inequality Jump in! --- I'm MICHAEL COVEL, the host of TREND FOLLOWING RADIO, and I'm proud to have delivered 10+ million podcast listens since 2012. Investments, economics, psychology, politics, decision-making, human behavior, entrepreneurship and trend following are all passionately explored and debated on my show. To start? I'd like to give you a great piece of advice you can use in your life and trading journey… cut your losses! You will find much more about that philosophy here: https://www.trendfollowing.com/trend/ You can watch a free video here: https://www.trendfollowing.com/video/ Can't get enough of this episode? You can choose from my thousand plus episodes here: https://www.trendfollowing.com/podcast My social media platforms: Twitter: @covel Facebook: @trendfollowing LinkedIn: @covel Instagram: @mikecovel Hope you enjoy my never-ending podcast conversation!

Starting in January, 2024, every family with a new baby in Flint, Michigan will be eligible to receive cash payments for the first year of life. Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha, the pediatrician who exposed the Flint water crisis in 2014, and Luke Shaefer, Michigan public policy professor, talk with Dr. Josh Sharfstein about how this effort came together and what it hopes to accomplish. Professor Schaefer's new book is The Injustice of Place. Learn more at flintrxkids.com

As the United Auto Workers strike against the Big Three automakers nears a full week today, many are wondering how long it will last and how the labor shortage will affect both parties, as well as the economy at large. University of Michigan economist Gabe Ehrlich joins Detroit Today to discuss the short term and long term impacts of the strike on the economy. Then, Josh Bivens, chief economist for the Economic Policy Institute and Luke Shaefer, associate dean for research and policy engagement at the University of Michigan, stop by to discuss the rise of income inequality and its effect on our society.

Episode 107: A recent study looked at what the best places to live in America have in common. It found that people seem to thrive when inequality is low; when landownership is widespread; when social connection is high; and when corruption and violence are rare. Host Richard Kyte and Scott Rada talk about which steps can be taken to boost the social connectivity of our cities and towns, and why rural areas often face the biggest challenges. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: What the best places in America have in common, by Kathryn J. Edin, H. Luke Shaefer, and Timothy J. Nelson, The Atlantic Disinvestment in rural Kentucky leaves ‘nothing to do' but drugs, by Liv Mann, University of Michigan Third places help communities thrive, by Richard Kyte About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This week, Emily Bazelon, John Dickerson, and David Plotz discuss Donald Trump's trials schedule and the 2024 election calendar; Vivek Ramaswamy; and “What the Best Places in America Have in Common.”    Here are some notes and references from this week's show: Devlin Barrett, Rachel Weiner, and Perry Stein for The Washington Post: “Trump's D.C. election-obstruction trial scheduled for March 2024” Josh Barro in Very Serious: “Section Guy Runs For President”  Kathryn J. Edin, H. Luke Shaefer, and Timothy J. Nelson in The Atlantic: “What the Best Places in America Have in Common” and The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America MGM's “Red Dawn” official trailer John Dickerson for CBS News' Prime Time: “Russia accuses Ukraine of large-scale drone attack” Hamlet by Shakespeare: “To die, to sleep– To sleep–perchance to dream.”    Here are this week's chatters: John: Strike Force Five podcast on Spotify; Caroline Anders for The Washington Post: “France has too much wine. It's paying millions to destroy the leftovers.”; Giri Viswanathan for CNN: “Marijuana and hallucinogen use, binge drinking reached records highs in middle-aged adults, survey finds”; and James Martinez for AP: “'Like Snoop Dogg's living room': Smell of pot wafts over notorious U.S. Open court” Emily: Tennis.com: “Azarenka, Svitolina, Wozniacki among 10 moms in the US Open main draw this year” David: Tree of the Year 2023 by the Woodland Trust; European Tree of the Year; Asian Tree of the Year; and Josh Levin for Slate's One Year: 1955 podcast: “The Team Nobody Would Play”  Listener chatter from Brian Jackson: Jordan Pascale for DCist: “At DCA, Crews Race Each Night To Repave A Bit Of Runway Before The Next Day's Flights” For this week's Slate Plus bonus segment, John, Emily, and David discuss militias.  In this month's Gabfest Reads, Emily, David, and John talk with Barbara Kingsolver about her best-selling book, Demon Copperhead.    Email your chatters, questions, and comments to gabfest@slate.com or X us @SlateGabfest. (Messages may be quoted by name unless the writer stipulates otherwise.)   Podcast production by Cheyna Roth  Research by Julie Huygen Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Michael chats with returning Rural Matters guest Luke Shaefer, Faculty Director of Poverty Solutions at the University of Michigan, Kohn Professor of Social Justice and Social Policy, professor of social work, and co-author of The Injustice of Place, which explores the legacy of poverty in disadvantaged rural communities across the U.S. Together, they discuss the impetus and research behind the book, what “disadvantage” truly means in the context of dozens of rural American communities, and much more. This episode is sponsored by Poverty Solutions at the University of Michigan. For more information, visit poverty.umich.edu.   Order Luke's book, The Injustice of Place, at bit.ly/3L2vKSw.  The views stated by podcast guests do not necessarily reflect those of our sponsors.

This week, Emily Bazelon, John Dickerson, and David Plotz discuss Donald Trump's trials schedule and the 2024 election calendar; Vivek Ramaswamy; and “What the Best Places in America Have in Common.”    Here are some notes and references from this week's show: Devlin Barrett, Rachel Weiner, and Perry Stein for The Washington Post: “Trump's D.C. election-obstruction trial scheduled for March 2024” Josh Barro in Very Serious: “Section Guy Runs For President”  Kathryn J. Edin, H. Luke Shaefer, and Timothy J. Nelson in The Atlantic: “What the Best Places in America Have in Common” and The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America MGM's “Red Dawn” official trailer John Dickerson for CBS News' Prime Time: “Russia accuses Ukraine of large-scale drone attack” Hamlet by Shakespeare: “To die, to sleep– To sleep–perchance to dream.”    Here are this week's chatters: John: Strike Force Five podcast on Spotify; Caroline Anders for The Washington Post: “France has too much wine. It's paying millions to destroy the leftovers.”; Giri Viswanathan for CNN: “Marijuana and hallucinogen use, binge drinking reached records highs in middle-aged adults, survey finds”; and James Martinez for AP: “'Like Snoop Dogg's living room': Smell of pot wafts over notorious U.S. Open court” Emily: Tennis.com: “Azarenka, Svitolina, Wozniacki among 10 moms in the US Open main draw this year” David: Tree of the Year 2023 by the Woodland Trust; European Tree of the Year; Asian Tree of the Year; and Josh Levin for Slate's One Year: 1955 podcast: “The Team Nobody Would Play”  Listener chatter from Brian Jackson: Jordan Pascale for DCist: “At DCA, Crews Race Each Night To Repave A Bit Of Runway Before The Next Day's Flights” For this week's Slate Plus bonus segment, John, Emily, and David discuss militias.  In this month's Gabfest Reads, Emily, David, and John talk with Barbara Kingsolver about her best-selling book, Demon Copperhead.    Email your chatters, questions, and comments to gabfest@slate.com or X us @SlateGabfest. (Messages may be quoted by name unless the writer stipulates otherwise.)   Podcast production by Cheyna Roth  Research by Julie Huygen Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week, Emily Bazelon, John Dickerson, and David Plotz discuss Donald Trump's trials schedule and the 2024 election calendar; Vivek Ramaswamy; and “What the Best Places in America Have in Common.”    Here are some notes and references from this week's show: Devlin Barrett, Rachel Weiner, and Perry Stein for The Washington Post: “Trump's D.C. election-obstruction trial scheduled for March 2024” Josh Barro in Very Serious: “Section Guy Runs For President”  Kathryn J. Edin, H. Luke Shaefer, and Timothy J. Nelson in The Atlantic: “What the Best Places in America Have in Common” and The Injustice of Place: Uncovering the Legacy of Poverty in America MGM's “Red Dawn” official trailer John Dickerson for CBS News' Prime Time: “Russia accuses Ukraine of large-scale drone attack” Hamlet by Shakespeare: “To die, to sleep– To sleep–perchance to dream.”    Here are this week's chatters: John: Strike Force Five podcast on Spotify; Caroline Anders for The Washington Post: “France has too much wine. It's paying millions to destroy the leftovers.”; Giri Viswanathan for CNN: “Marijuana and hallucinogen use, binge drinking reached records highs in middle-aged adults, survey finds”; and James Martinez for AP: “'Like Snoop Dogg's living room': Smell of pot wafts over notorious U.S. Open court” Emily: Tennis.com: “Azarenka, Svitolina, Wozniacki among 10 moms in the US Open main draw this year” David: Tree of the Year 2023 by the Woodland Trust; European Tree of the Year; Asian Tree of the Year; and Josh Levin for Slate's One Year: 1955 podcast: “The Team Nobody Would Play”  Listener chatter from Brian Jackson: Jordan Pascale for DCist: “At DCA, Crews Race Each Night To Repave A Bit Of Runway Before The Next Day's Flights” For this week's Slate Plus bonus segment, John, Emily, and David discuss militias.  In this month's Gabfest Reads, Emily, David, and John talk with Barbara Kingsolver about her best-selling book, Demon Copperhead.    Email your chatters, questions, and comments to gabfest@slate.com or X us @SlateGabfest. (Messages may be quoted by name unless the writer stipulates otherwise.)   Podcast production by Cheyna Roth  Research by Julie Huygen Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

One of the biggest mistakes we make in health is to mistake healthcare for public health. More tests or treatments simply can't make up for the ways that the air you breathe, the water you drink, or the school you went to shape your health trajectory. Abdul reflects on the powerful role of place in public health. Then he sits down with Prof. Luke Shaefer, Director of Poverty Solutions at the University of Michigan's Ford School of Public Policy and co-author of a new book, “The Injustice of Place,” about America's internal “colonies,” and how they shape what's possible for too many in our country. 

Led by partners Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha at the MSU-Hurley Pediatric Public Health Initiative and Dr. Luke Shaefer, faculty director of the University of Michigan's Poverty Solutions center, Rx Kids is a transformational effort to address child poverty and health equity.  Consistent with practices in other countries, Rx Kids boldly tackles a root cause of health disparities: poverty. A first-of-its-kind program, Rx Kids will provide unconditional cash allowances to pregnant moms and babies in Flint.Rx Kids—a first-in-the-nation program—is the solution to uplifting babies and young children out of poverty and into better health. In partnership with health care providers and community-engaged outreach, Rx Kids plans to prescribe all expectant mothers in Flint a one-time prenatal allowance ($1,500) and all infants (0-1 year) monthly allowances ($500/month). What sets Rx Kids apart from existing cash allowance programs is its intentional impact on maternal and infant health outcomes at a community level.  The anticipated reach of Rx Kids within the City of Flint during the intervention period (2024-2028) is over 6,000 families. “Rx Kids is something that has never been done before,” says Hanna-Attisha. “It is a citywide effort to disrupt poverty and improve health equity. Flint is the poorest city in the state. Our child poverty rates are about three times state and national averages and families are most poor when the babies are just born. Right before birth and in that first year of life, poverty spikes.“And for me as a pediatrician, that is maddening because that is the same time that child development is the most critical. Babies' brains actually double in size in that first year of life and that's when families are the poorest. It's so frustrating that we just band-aid so many problems that are associated with poverty and that we don't do something preventative.“I was tired of shrugging my shoulders, and I was tired of band-aiding. We do big things. We do hard things. Why not prescribe something that can lift our families out of poverty during this most critical time of child development? That's how the idea was born. We're going to give every pregnant mom in Flint a prenatal allowance, and then every baby until the age of 12 months will get a monthly cash allowance.“This is huge and transformative and has never been done before at a citywide level. There are a lot of great pilots across the country with sample sizes of 100 or 200, but this is big. This is going to be for the whole city. There are about 1,200 babies born in Flint a year, which is one of the reasons we can do this in Flint. It's a small big city. We also have great need, and we also have this built academic community partnership and this long history of the university investing in this city humbly working with community partners to do big things to improve health equity and to reduce disparities.”Why are cash allowances the best solution? “Families tend to know what they need the most,” says Shaefer. “Some families need food, some families need help paying the rent, some families need it for childcare, and some families need it to buy books and toys to help kids thrive. This is the beauty of cash. Milton Friedman was a huge proponent of using cash to help families, and it just empowers families. A couple of the other pieces of the puzzle on this is sometimes we have programs that only serve very poor families. We have other programs that serve middle class families. Part of the vision of Rx Kids that starts with Dr. Mona is that we're going to serve all the kids. Raising kids is expensive and it's hard. Society has a reason to come alongside parents in that work.“We're going to do something simple and come alongside all the families. And by doing that, we don't risk making it a stigmatized program that somehow is a marker that we're only giving it to families who aren't making it or aren't able to make ends meet that says something about them not being able to do that.“The messaging is incredibly different. We have seen cash allowances repeatedly, all around the world, work for families. And we've learned so many interesting things. There are some countries where we've been able to see as child benefits roll out, alcohol and tobacco spending among parents goes down. Sometimes people worry that there might be some folks who don't use the money in the right way. But in this case, it looks like probably because sometimes substance use is a reaction to stress and not having enough money is a big stressor that the effect is the opposite. We have all of that evidence, and we can bring it to bear on this program and do something in the United States that we have never done before.”How will Rx Kids change the trajectory of childhood poverty in Flint?“We think it's going to impact those critical maternal and infant health outcomes first,” continues Hanna-Attisha. “We think more folks will go to their prenatal visits and get connected with all the interventions and services in that space. That's going to improve birth outcomes like birth weight and prematurity and infant mortality and maternal morbidity, all these important and very costly health outcomes.“We think it's going to increase and support that relationship between moms and babies and their medical provider, both at prenatally and in the pediatric space like improving well visits, immunization rates, and necessary screenings and developmental things that happen there. We think for adults and parents, we're going to see decreased stress, which is seen throughout these kinds of programs. We're going to look at things like substance abuse, but also, we're going to measure things like happiness and hope and dignity and trust in government and institutions.“It's fair to say that in places like Flint, there's not much trust in government for many reasons, for longstanding neglect and disinvestment and systemic inequities. And we're hoping we will be able to measure an increase in that social contract between those critical institutions and the people who have been neglected for so long. This might play out with increased civic engagement, increased voting rates, increased engagement in neighborhood clubs, and participation in all kinds of different things. Some of my favorite things that we're going to measure are things at a community level because this has never been done at a community level.“What's going to happen to things like population stability? Are fewer people going to leave Flint? Will people move into Flint? These dollars are going to largely be spent in the community, and that's going to be an economic jolt for the community that's going to benefit all kinds of people, including local businesses and small businesses.“There are a whole slew of things that we're going to look at, and a lot of them are short term. We'll be able to see findings right away, but a lot will take years and maybe decades to play out. How does this impact things like kindergarten readiness and third grade reading and economic productivity and chronic disease rates and life expectancy? If you really lean on that science of early childhood, we understand that milieu of early childhood really portends life course trajectories. And if we can build a nutrient rich environment in early childhood, we think we'll be able to impact those life course outcomes for decades and maybe generations to come.”Talk about some challenges and opportunities as you work towards these goals.“One is actually how you distribute the money,” continues Shaefer. “We are incredibly lucky to be working with Give Directly, which is the international leader on how to do that exactly right. And they've done cash transfers like this all over the world. They've learned how to communicate with folks very clearly in an accessible way and how to troubleshoot. We're doing a ton of planning on this. The community infrastructure in Flint is stronger than any other place that I've ever worked. People are really communicating with each other and in sync with each other. That is what makes it possible.“We do have a lot of social welfare programs. They often do a little of this or a little of that. A lot of them are incredibly important. Those programs don't always work together as well as they should. Sometimes it seems like they're built up in silos. We're lucky to have great partners at the State of Michigan that are really helping us to figure out how to make sure somebody's food assistance isn't impacted, for example, by receiving this transfer where they wouldn't end up any better off than they were before.”“The biggest challenge right now is raising the dollars we need to make this happen,” Hanna-Attisha says. “We are honored and humbled by the $15 million challenge grant from the Mott Foundation. We have to raise another $15 million to unlock that grant. We have been writing grants and talking to foundations and funders and governments to try to bring in the necessary funds to do this, not just for a few years and not just for five years, but we want to do this for a long time. The most acute challenge right now is raising the dollars, and I'm confident that we will be able to raise these dollars and that we will get the match. If folks want to contribute, they can go to FlintRxKids.com. Every bit counts.“We hope to have this go live in 2024. And just like everything that we've done in Flint, it hasn't been about Flint, it's been about kids and communities everywhere. Even now, before we even started this program, we're already thinking about how we can make sure that every kid in Michigan and in this country benefits from Rx Kids.“Another thing that I love about this program is it's being led by two folks from two different institutions that don't often get along. This is another great example of how folks can come together for a common purpose. And the team that we're rooting for is team kids. And both our public universities have amazing strengths and assets, and this is one of the great examples where this community-based work on behalf of moms and babies is for a higher purpose than what happens on those Saturday football games.”Listen to “MSU Today with Russ White” on the radio and through Spotify, Apple Podcasts, and wherever you get your shows.

Sustainability in sport involves three main components or pillars of sustainability. We should think about economic security, social justice and environmental quality. The goal within sustainability is balance, balancing these 3 pillars so as to achieve the most sustainable practices in our current and future sporting world. Sustainability relates to sport by the equipment and facilities used, the means of viewing the event, the resources involved for powering and creating an event at a particular location, and much more. Social justice will be critical to the viability of sports going forward. Climate change has already made profound impacts on both local and global sports, and we should consider innovative ways of tackling this issue. Resources: You can get involved with the organization that backs this podcast, by visiting the Center for Sport and Social Justice's website: https://www.csueastbay.edu/CSSJ A book that expands upon the present issue of poverty in America: $2.00 a Day, written by H. Luke Shaefer and Kathryn J. Edin: http://www.twodollarsaday.com/ A recent working paper that is referenced in the above link ad expands upon American Poverty: https://www.nber.org/papers/w25907 The UN's list of 17 sustainable development goals to achieve by 2030: https://sdgs.un.org/goals A website detailing a Life Cycle Assessment: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/life-cycle-assessment A website detailing a Social Life Cycle Assessment: https://www.lifecycleinitiative.org/starting-life-cycle-thinking/life-cycle-approaches/social-lca/ CA is committed to fight against climate change: https://www.energy.ca.gov/about/campaigns/international-cooperation/climate-change-partnerships Cal State East Bay offers Sustainability Overlays within their curriculum: https://www.csueastbay.edu/sustainability/commitments/sustainability-overlays.html An article Green Washing - Do You Know What You're Buying? By Richard Dahl explains the term greenwashing: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2898878/ Forest Green Rovers - the World's Greenest Football Club: https://www.fgr.co.uk/ Oakland Roots to Become Climate Positive by 2022 in Partnership with East Bay Community Energy: https://cal-cca.org/oakland-roots-to-become-climate-positive-by-2022-in-partnership-with-ebce/#:~:text=Oakland%2C%20CA%20%E2%80%93%20September%2016%2C%202021%20%E2%80%93%20Oakland,carbon%20dioxide%20from%20the%20atmosphere%20than%20they%20emit. MyYute soccer offers free soccer programs to youth: http://myyutesoccer.org/ Manchester United Juan Mata wants everyone within football to donate 1% of their salaries to charity: https://www.manutd.com/en/videos/detail/juan-mata-interview-about-the-common-goal-project Michael Lee's faculty profile at CSUEB: https://www.csueastbay.edu/directory/profiles/ages/leemichael.html

In the early 2010s, a study was conducted across the U.S. to get a sense of the levels of poverty in the nation. Staggeringly, in the supposed “wealthiest nation on Earth,” 1.5 million households were living on $2.00 a day, including over 3 million children. These were families where people had jobs, often multiple jobs, working their hardest and longest, and still were unable to escape from this extreme poverty, despite doing everything in their power to “pull themselves up by the bootstraps.” Luke Shaefer was one of the conductors of this study and has dedicated his life to educating people about the effects and causes of extreme poverty in America. As the longtime Professor of Social Justice and Social Policy and associate dean for research and policy engagement at the University of Michigan's Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy, Luke's work has been cited in the New York Times, Washington Post, The Economist, The Atlantic, and Los Angeles Times, and he has been featured on such programs as Marketplace and CNBC's Nightly Business Report. He compiled much of his research into the book $2.00 a Day: Living on Almost Nothing in America, co-authored by Kathryn Edin. The book was named one of the 100 Notable Books of 2015 by the New York Times Book Review and won the Hillman Prize for Book Journalism among other awards. Poverty is a full-time job and isn't something that just goes away when a worker clocks in for their job. Luke understands how the effects of poverty permeate every part of a person's life, and ultimately, how that affects our economy, society, and country as a whole. In a time when power is shifting in the labor market, this is something that desperately needs to be talked about, so with that...let's bring it in!

The COVID-19 relief bill provided emergency aid to tens of millions of Americans facing financial insecurity due to the pandemic. Despite ongoing debate over safety net policy, a new analysis of U.S. Census Bureau "household pulse" surveys looks at how the stimulus aid impacted Americans. H. Luke Shaefer, co-author of the study and Director of Poverty Solutions at the University of Michigan, joins. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

In this episode of Michigan Minds, Luke Shaefer, the Hermann and Amalie Kohn Professor of Social Justice and Social Policy and Associate Dean for Research and Policy Engagement at the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan, explains the Child Tax Credit in President Biden’s stimulus plan and how the University of Michigan is helping families navigate the process through the Poverty Solutions presidential initiative. Learn more at poverty.umich.edu/child-tax-credit. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The wait and the hope. People wait in food distribution lines for HOURS with the hope that there is enough to go around. The trailers hold approximately 44,000 pounds of food and sometimes that just isn’t enough for the number of people in need. In order to understand people’s truths, we have to know their stories. People often think that those who need our help do not try, but in reality, those who need our help typically wait too long because they are deeply committed to solving their problems themselves. Did you know that 47% of the people we serve are employed? Dr. Luke Shaefer, this week’s insightful guest, set out to understand those who are trapped in poverty and held captive by food insecurity. Dr. Shaefer wears many hats - he is the Director for the Poverty Solutions Center, a professor at the University of Michigan, and serves as a Special Counselor for the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services to Director Gordon and Lewis Roubal, Chief Deputy Director for Opportunity at the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. Poverty is often the result of several interlinked systems that do not function as they should for struggling families. Understanding the impact one section at a time enables one to understand the system in a more comprehensive way and effectively help more people. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, our food banks are distributing record amounts of food to families in need... Within every box of food, there is HOPE. The power of taking hunger off the table is demonstrated in the freeing of people’s minds of the toxic stress of food insecurity and allows them to focus on their successes and what could be. Hunger is a challenge in our society that can unite us. If we keep people interested in solving this problem, we will create a food secure state.

This episode is the first of our timely four-part series on rural poverty and issues impacting the 2020 elections presented this month in collaboration with the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Michelle chats with Kathryn Edin and Luke Shaefer of the University of Michigan’s Poverty Solutions, an interdisciplinary initiative that seeks to partner communities and policymakers to find new ways to prevent and alleviate poverty.  Edin and Shaefer are authors of the landmark book, $2 a Day: The Art of Living on Virtually Nothing in America, which was listed as one of The New York Times 100 Notable Books of 2015. Edin, one of the nation’s leading poverty researchers, describes how stunning it was to take a deep dive into interviewing entire rural communities to find out more about the social determinants of persistent poverty. Edin notes that, in several disadvantaged counties, including those in Marion County, South Carolina and LeFlore County, Mississippi, were comprised of a majority black population whose institutions are controlled by the minority white population. In those counties, she notes, there is virtually no institutional sharing, which perpetuates segregation. In addition, Edin says, in another county, she heard a consistent refrain from local residents:  “There’s nothing to do here except drug.”  Shaefer, Hermann and Amalie Kohn Professor of Social Justice and Social Policy at the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy and a Professor of Social Work at the University of Michigan, says that, for persistent poverty to be prevented and alleviated, we need to address inequitable situations in which emergency relief administered after natural disasters disarmingly favor those who have clear title to property, which is an integral, historical component of persistent poverty. Shaefer also describes how Poverty Solutions is bringing students into meaningful conversations about poverty through university courses and events and, most notably, through embedding them in communities of deep disadvantage to gain a real world perspective on this issue.  This episode is sponsored by Community Hospital Corporation, www.communityhspitalcorp.com; Rural Medical Education Collaborative. ruralhealthcme.com; and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, www.rwjf.org.

U-M Poverty Solutions wants to make sure Michiganders receive their stimulus payments as soon as possible, so they’ve created the Coronavirus Stimulus Payment website. In this episode of Michigan Minds, H. Luke Shaefer, director of Poverty Solutions and the Hermann and Amalie Kohn Professor of Social Justice and Social Policy, shares some of the important information on the new site. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The end of welfare Welfare ceased being guaranteed after reform in 1996. Although the safety net for the working class was strengthened through tax credits, the safety net for those who are jobless disappeared. In its current state, the welfare system is overwhelming and underfunded. States are given block grants that they can spend at their discretion. For example, Louisiana spends its money on anti-abortion clinics. As a result, over the course of a year, about 3.5 million children live in households with virtually no cash income for at least 3 months. Cash is king Cash has the ultimate function: it can be used to pay rent, utilities, food, school supplies, and more. Although food stamps (SNAP) and Medicaid help needy families, these cashless forms of assistance cannot address other necessities in life. Access to cash can be pivotal to keeping a job – to fill your car with gas so you can go to work – or a roof over your head while you look for a new job after being downsized. The poor are true Americans America’s poor are the very embodiment of American ideals. Living in poverty is incredibly complex, a daily challenge to which the poor rise. They take pride in their work and find purpose at the workplace. They are hard-working, resourceful, and enterprising. Poor families spend their money wisely to keep their children fed and sheltered, and they stretch every dollar to make ends meet. Find out more: Kathryn Edin is one of the nation’s leading poverty researchers, working in the domains of welfare and low-wage work, family, life, and neighborhood contexts through direct, in-depth observations of the lives of low-income populations. A qualitative and mixed-method researcher, she has taken on key mysteries about the urban poor that have not been fully answered by quantitative work, such as how do single mothers possibly survive on welfare? Why don’t more go to work? She has authored 8 books and some 60 journal articles. $2 a Day: The Art of Living on Virtutally Nothing in America, co-authored with Luke Shaefer, was met with wide critical acclaim. It was included in the NYT 100 Notable Books of 2015, cited as “essential reporting about the rise in destitute families.” You can follow Kathryn on Twitter @KathrynEdin

In this kickoff to Rural Matters’ first in-depth, four-part series, Rural Communities: Conquering Challenges, Optimizing Opportunities, Michelle and three guests take a deep dive on what it’s like — and what it could be like in the future — to live in Rural America, exploring the recent findings of a survey conducted by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and Harvard University School of Public Health. The three guests are Dr. Robert J. Blendon, Richard L. Menschel Professor and Senior Associate Dean for Policy Translation and Leadership Development at the Harvard School of Public Health who serves as co-director of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation/Harvard School of Public Health project on understanding Americans' Health Agenda; Ed Sivak, Chief Policy and Communications Officer for Hope Enterprise Corporation/ Hope Credit Union (HOPE); and Luke Shaefer, University of Michigan Professor of Social Work in the School of Social Work and Professor of Public Policy in the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy; and Director of Poverty Solutions. The majority of those living in rural America are optimistic about the future, but many others are concerned about their economic future and, in particular, the opioid crisis, according to Blendon. The survey results show that about half in rural America say they could not pay a “surprise” bill of $1,000. In addition, Blendon notes, rural residents say they need outside help to deal with many of their problems, including that their health insurance coverage doesn’t enable them to seek certain local providers. In addition, he notes, one in five rural residents has difficulty getting Internet coverage, which creates all sorts of barriers, including in terms of health care. Sivak notes that in 9 out of 10 persistent poverty countries, many of them in the rural areas, the unemployment rate exceeds the national average. Access to a financial institution, such as Hope, really matters, he concludes. Shaefer points out that rural communities are disproportionately represented among the 100 most vulnerable communities in the United States. The bottom line, according to the guests, is that life in rural America today is indeed challenging for many residents and that outside help is needed, but because of volunteer efforts, local “superheroes,” and innovative solutions that hopefully can be sustaining, there are realistic opportunities to address the problems. This episode — and the entire four-part series — is sponsored by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, RWJF.org, @rwjf. This episode also was sponsored by Thomas USAF, who is sponsoring the 20th Annual National Rural Lenders Roundtable in Washington, DC on December 4, www.nrlrt.com.

The end of welfare Welfare ceased being guaranteed after reform in 1996. Although the safety net for the working class was strengthened through tax credits, the safety net for those who are jobless disappeared. In its current state, the welfare system is overwhelming and underfunded. States are given block grants that they can spend at their discretion. For example, Louisiana spends its money on anti-abortion clinics. As a result, over the course of a year, about 3.5 million children live in households with virtually no cash income for at least 3 months. Cash is king Cash has the ultimate function: it can be used to pay rent, utilities, food, school supplies, and more. Although food stamps (SNAP) and Medicaid help needy families, these cashless forms of assistance cannot address other necessities in life. Access to cash can be pivotal to keeping a job – to fill your car with gas so you can go to work – or a roof over your head while you look for a new job after being downsized. The poor are true Americans America’s poor are the very embodiment of American ideals. Living in poverty is incredibly complex, a daily challenge to which the poor rise. They take pride in their work and find purpose at the workplace. They are hard-working, resourceful, and enterprising. Poor families spend their money wisely to keep their children fed and sheltered, and they stretch every dollar to make ends meet. Find out more: Kathryn Edin is one of the nation’s leading poverty researchers, working in the domains of welfare and low-wage work, family, life, and neighborhood contexts through direct, in-depth observations of the lives of low-income populations. A qualitative and mixed-method researcher, she has taken on key mysteries about the urban poor that have not been fully answered by quantitative work, such as how do single mothers possibly survive on welfare? Why don’t more go to work? She has authored 8 books and some 60 journal articles. $2 a Day: The Art of Living on Virtutally Nothing in America, co-authored with Luke Shaefer, was met with wide critical acclaim. It was included in the NYT 100 Notable Books of 2015, cited as “essential reporting about the rise in destitute families.”

Brea and Mallory talk to Gaby Dunn about books that help you get your shit together in 2019! Use the hashtag #ReadingGlassesPodcast to participate in online discussion! Email us at readingglassespodcast at gmail dot com!   Reading Glasses Merch Links - Reading Glasses Facebook Group Reading Glasses Goodreads Group   Amazon Wish List     Gaby Dunn Gaby's Twitter Bad With Money by Gaby Dunn   Books Mentioned - Autonomous by Annalee Newitz The Witch Elm by Tana French Give People Money by Annie Lowrey The Art of Money by Bari Tessler Daily Rituals by Mason Currey Catching the Big Fish by David Lynch Burnout: The Secret to Unlocking the Stress Cycle by Emily Nagoski and Amelia Nagoski $2.00 a Day: Living on Almost Nothing in America by Kathryn J. Edin and H. Luke Shaefer

Special Intro: Tom Merritt -- Host of Daily Tech News Show Special Guest: University of Michigan Professor H. Luke Shaefer Film at 11: Chip’s Apocalyptic Film Festival featuring three films inspired by Richard Matheson’s 1954 novel, I Am Legend. BookIT: Professor H. Luke Shaefer joins us to discuss his research for $2.00 a Day: Living on Almost Nothing in America (2015) by Kathryn J. Edin and H. Luke Shaefer Scroll with it: Announcing this year’s Too Much Scrolling Spring Break group reading assignment -- We will review M.T. Anderson’s Feed on our April 3rd show. Read it along with us and send us your review. We’ll use it on the show. Show Notes: http://bit.ly/tms31318

In this episode of Intersections, guest interviewer Ron Haskins, co-director of the Brookings Center on Children and Families, discusses changes in the social safety net and the role of cash assistance in meeting the needs of families with children with Luke Shaefer of the University of Michigan and Chris Wimer from Columbia University. Shaefer and Wimer present details from their upcoming papers on the costs and benefits of establishing a universal child allowance to provide families with a measure of financial stability. Full show notes available here: http://brook.gs/2qWHkpW Subscribe to Brookings podcasts here or on iTunes, send us feedback at intersections@brookings.edu, and follow us on Twitter @policypodcasts. Intersections is part of the Brookings Podcast Network.

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago.edu. The Employment Instability, Family Well-being, and Social Policy Network hosted a policy forum, “Employment Instability and the Safety Net,” on November 15, 2013, at the University of Chicago Gleacher Center. The Employment Instability, Family Well-being, and Social Policy Network (EINet) is housed at the University of Chicago School of Social Service Administration. http://ssascholars.uchicago.edu/einet This policy forum summarized research evidence on the interaction between employment instability and the safety net: How does employment instability affect safety net program eligibility and take-up? How effectively do safety net programs reduce employment instability or help to buffer families against employment instability? What are the gaps in our understanding of these questions? Panel 3 is the keynote. Kathryn Edin from Harvard University and H. Luke Shaefer from the University of Michigan presented “Rising Extreme Poverty: Is the Employment-Based Safety Net Partly to Blame?”

The number of people worldwide living in extreme poverty—defined as living on $1.25 a day or less—was cut in half between 1990 and 2010. Yet more than one billion people still subsist at this level, and about three billion live at under $2.50 a day. , a fellow in the Global Economy and Development Program at Brookings, discusses the possibility that by 2030 the world might eradicate the most extreme poverty. He explains how we measure the problem, what the private sector and aid agencies can do about it, whether or not current targeting approaches are effective, and talks about the poverty problem in the United States.  Chandy, who is a scholar in the , says that while a lot of progress has been made over the last decade in reducing poverty, continued progress is: going to require new approaches and new efforts to get us closer to that zero mark. That would include bringing to an end some of the persistent conflicts in low-income countries; bringing marginalized communities into the orbit of their economies; better targeting of the extreme poor. These are all things we haven’t done very well in the past and we’re going to have to do to get anywhere close to that goal of zero. Show notes: •  (Chandy)•  (Chandy and others, eds.)•  (Chandy)•  (World Bank)•  •  •  • •  (Luke Shaefer and Kathryn Edin)

In this episode, Dr. Luke Shaefer discusses the effects of the U.S.'s largest means-tested income support program, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as the Food Stamp Program. Recent breakthroughs in research methods have allowed us to better measure these effects, and results suggest that SNAP improves food security among participant households as well as non-food material well-being.