ESG Currents

As climate change accelerates water scarcity, investors are eyeing scalable solutions with environmental integrity. In this episode of ESG Currents, BI’s director of ESG research Eric Kane and senior ESG associate Melanie Rua speak with OceanWell CEO Robert Bergstrom about a subsea desalination product that uses deep-ocean pressure to cut energy use by up to 40% while protecting marine ecosystems. Bergstrom outlines OceanWell’s phased road map, including pilots and global scaling, and makes the investment case for water infrastructure, citing research showing a $7 return for every $1 invested. The episode explores why valuing water appropriately is key to driving innovation, policy and climate resilience. Recorded April 23.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

"It’s very important to understand that we need to deliver sustainability, not simply be passionate about it," says Eric Lim, managing director and chief sustainability officer at United Overseas Bank, our first guest from Asia on the ESG Currents podcast. Lim joins Conrad Tan, Bloomberg Intelligence’s ESG integration analyst for Asia-Pacific, to discuss what the ESG backlash means for companies' sustainability efforts, the role of banks in driving sustainable practices in different industries, and the nature-climate nexus and business dependencies on natural capital. They also talk about the importance of aligning with ecosystem partners to enhance impact in a region spanning myriad political structures and development priorities. This episode was recorded on April 2, 2025.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Reducing greenhouse-gas emissions remains the top priority in addressing climate change. However, it’s increasingly clear that these efforts must be complemented by greenhouse-gas removal. The extent needed is difficult to pin down, but a recent report, Scaling Technological Greenhouse Gas Removal: A Global Roadmap to 2050, by the Bezos Earth Fund and the Rocky Mountain Institute is anchored around the idea that we need to achieve 10 gigatons in annual technological extraction by 2050. Noel Bakhtian, director of Technology Acceleration and lead of the GHG Removal Initiative at the Bezos Earth Fund, and Rudy Kahsar, principal for Climate-Aligned Industries at the Rocky Mountain Institute, join BI director of ESG research Eric Kane on this episode of ESG Currents. They discuss the road map and many of the steps needed to achieve this massive increase in scale from less than 1 megaton of removals currently. The episode was recorded on March 25.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In the current political climate, corporate executives must address environmental, social and governance challenges with real authenticity while never losing sight of the strategic needs of their organizations. On this week’s episode of ESG Currents, Bloomberg Intelligence Senior ESG Analyst Rob Du Boff speaks with Amy Brachio, Global Vice Chair of Sustainability at EY and co-chair of the S30, a community of chief sustainability officers from some of the world’s most influential companies. They discuss how enterprises can better integrate sustainability into their core business to gain a competitive advantage — from the C-suite down to new employees. This episode was recorded on March 17. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

AI’s role in climate is often framed around increased energy use and emissions, but what if it could help solve the crisis? In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s ESG Currents, we explore how Amazon Web Services is helping foster AI-driven climate-tech companies, including through the Compute for Climate Fellowship. AWS’ Head of Climate Tech Business Development, Startups and Venture Capital Lisbeth Kaufman joins BI director of ESG research Eric Kane to discuss how she drew inspiration from The Toxic Avenger, and highlights real-world applications of computing and AI in fusion energy, crop yields, pest mitigation and textile production. This episode was recorded on March 17. Learn more about the climate-tech startups discussed or apply for the fellowship here.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Sustainable-debt issuance reached $1.63 trillion in 2024, and though regulation has been critical to driving the growth of sustainable-finance markets, it risks being a distraction if it’s too onerous. The key will be focusing on the 20% of metrics that drive 80% of the impact on our investment decisions, says Dr. Arthur Krebbers, managing director and head of Corporate Climate and ESG Capital Markets at NatWest. In this episode of ESG Currents, Bloomberg Intelligence director of ESG research Eric Kane and ESG analyst Grace Osborne are joined by Dr. Krebbers to discuss the evolving sustainable-finance landscape. The discussion ranges from the role of labeled debt to environmental alpha and the quest for measurable impact as transition finance comes into focus and new products emerge to shape the future of the industry. This episode was recorded on Mar. 5.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

As concerns about water quality and scarcity have gained attention, legal and regulatory developments have particularly targeted the removal of PFAS, also known as forever chemicals, which could prove a $300 billion market opportunity in the US. In this episode of ESG Currents, Bloomberg Intelligence senior analysts Gail Glazerman and Scott Levine speak with Oxyle’s CEO and co-founder Fajer Mushtaq about the drivers of PFAS removal, the challenges associated with addressing forever chemicals and Oxyle’s technology. This episode was recorded on Feb. 26.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

President Donald Trump’s executive order to end “illegal” diversity, equity and inclusion programs in the federal government has accelerated the trend of companies rolling back their initiatives to foster more equitable workplaces. On this episode of ESG Currents, David Glasgow, executive director of the Meltzer Center for Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging at NYU, joins senior ESG analysts Gail Glazerman and Rob Du Boff to discuss the mounting pressure on corporate diversity, equity and inclusion efforts and ways companies can cultivate more inclusive workplaces while avoiding legal pitfalls and challenges.This episode was recorded on Feb. 21.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

International Women’s Day on March 8 is a day to celebrate the achievements of women, and consider where progress is still needed. On this episode of ESG Currents, senior ESG analyst Rob Du Boff chats with journalist and Lift Our Voices cofounder Gretchen Carlson about how forced arbitration and nondisclosure agreements are used to silence victims of workplace misconduct, why this is a risk for both investors and employees, her own experience with this problem and the work of her organization to end it. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

With a near constant flow of new executive orders and policy decisions, it’s challenging for investors to keep up with what US President Donald Trump’s administration is doing. In this episode of ESG Currents, Bloomberg Intelligence senior ESG analysts Gail Glazerman, Rob Du Boff and Andrew Stevenson are joined by colleagues Nathan Dean and Andrew Silverman to dissect the most significant changes that could impact E, S and G, including the fate of the Inflation Reduction Act and the consequences of intense DEI scrutiny.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In an effort to decarbonize, airlines are focusing most of their attention on sustainable aviation fuel, but Heart Aerospace believes the key to decarbonizing regional air travel is through electrification. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s ESG Currents podcast, Heart Aerospace Cofounder and Chief Executive Officer Anders Forslund joins BI director of ESG research Eric Kane to discuss the future of aviation. They discuss Heart’s founding, key partnerships and value proposition, as well as the next steps for the company’s ES-30 aircraft, which can fly 30 passengers and has an electric range of 200 kilometers. CO2 emissions from aviation account for roughly 2.5% of global energy-related emissions. This episode was recorded on Feb. 13.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Water scarcity is one of the most pressing challenges of our time, with demand for fresh water expected to outpace supply by 40% by 2030, as highlighted in BI ESG’s recent report, Scarcity Rising: How Water Shapes Sectors and Investments. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s ESG Currents podcast, Ecolab Chief Sustainability Officer Emilio Tenuta joins BI director of ESG research Eric Kane and senior ESG research associate, Melanie Rua to discuss the critical issue of water scarcity and its implications for businesses and investors. They explore the importance of understanding water as both a business risk and a growth opportunity, the role of AI in water stewardship and the impact of policy and financing trends on water management. This episode was recorded on Jan. 30.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Sustainability is for the Birds. And the Dolphins. And the Niners. Even the Browns can go green! On this week’s episode of ESG Currents, BI Senior ESG Analyst Rob Du Boff chats with Roger McClendon, executive director of the Green Sports Alliance, and Norman Vossschulte, vice president of sustainability for the Philadelphia Eagles, about what franchises and venues are doing to implement sustainability in their gameplan and tackle important social issues. This episode was recorded on Jan. 13.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

From the $50 billion forest-carbon market to 50,000 tons of waste being transformed into textiles, disruptive solutions will likely be key to moving toward a so-called nature positive economy. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s ESG Currents podcast, Grace Osborne, BI’s ESG integration analyst for EMEA, is joined by Tracy Farrell, CEO of the IUCN-US, and Giulio Bonazzi, CEO of Aquafil, in two conversations. These leaders discuss the multifaceted ways the world is moving to mitigate biodiversity loss, including bridging the estimated $942 billion biodiversity-financing gap and revolutionizing the use of recycled materials to enable companies such as Prada to Gucci to reduce their impact on the planet. Find this and other Bloomberg Intelligence podcasts at BI PODCASTS .See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Solving the climate crisis is not just a moral imperative, but also an opportunity for investors to earn a competitive return for finding and funding the desperately needed solutions. On this week’s episode of ESG Currents, Bloomberg Intelligence’s Senior ESG Analyst Rob Du Boff talks with famed hedge-fund investor Tom Steyer about his new venture Galvanize Climate Solutions. This episode also includes a discussion with Galvanize’s Chief Investment Officer for Global Equities Seth Kirkham from the BI ESG Conference on Dec. 11. This episode was recorded on Dec. 20, 2024.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

“My biggest biodiversity name is Microsoft,” says Vicki Benjamin, cofounder of Karner Blue Capital and CFO at Boston Common Asset Management. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s ESG Currents podcast, Melanie Rua, a Bloomberg Intelligence senior ESG associate, and Grace Osborne, BI’s ESG integration analyst for EMEA, sit down with Benjamin to discuss her pioneering biodiversity investment strategy and methods for identifying leaders in the transition to a so-called “nature-positive economy,” which is set to unlock an estimated $10 trillion in business opportunities. From identifying industries of high loss impact to overcoming data limitations, the three examine the effort to put a value on nature and to halt biodiversity deterioration this decade.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Energy-infrastructure developers are on the front lines of realizing the electricity growth need to power the AI revolution. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s ESG Currents podcast, Andrew John Stevenson, senior climate analyst, sits down with Dan Lee, Managing Partner at Simcore Partners. From the backup in grid availability in PJM plants to the opportunities to boost assets in Texas grid operator ERCOT, this episode delves deep into the process to get electrons on the grid in a timely, low-cost fashion. This episode was recorded on Dec. 11, 2024.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

As debates around the language and value of ESG persist, the underlying issues continue to influence companies, industries and markets. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s ESG Currents podcast, BI’s director of ESG research, Eric Kane, is joined by the analysts who have hosted episodes throughout the year to discuss the key ESG themes that will affect investments in 2025. Andrew Stevenson, Rob Du Boff, Melanie Rua, Conrad Tan, Gail Glazerman, Margot Wentzel, Grace Osborne and Christopher Ratti share insights on the climate, supply chains, water, sustainable debt, regulation, cybersecurity, nature and much more.This episode was recorded on Dec. 12.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

As political polarization has deepened, companies are finding themselves buffeted by opposing expectations for business behavior. On this week’s episode of ESG Currents, Alison Taylor, clinical associate professor at NYU Stern School of Business and author of Higher Ground, speaks with BI Senior ESG analysts Gail Glazerman and Rob Du Boff about prioritizing different stakeholders and ESG issues. She discusses the risks both of ignoring ESG and promising too much, finding a balance by focusing on materiality and the risks that arise when corporate actions fail to match corporate messaging. This episode was recorded on Nov. 18.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

As political polarization has deepened, companies are finding themselves buffeted by opposing expectations for business behavior. On this week’s episode of ESG Currents, Alison Taylor, clinical associate professor at NYU Stern School of Business and author of Higher Ground, speaks with BI Senior ESG analysts Gail Glazerman and Rob Du Boff about prioritizing different stakeholders and ESG issues. She discusses the risks both of ignoring ESG and promising too much, finding a balance by focusing on materiality and the risks that arise when corporate actions fail to match corporate messaging. This episode was recorded on Nov. 18.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

What repercussions could the recent US election have on EVs and transportation-electrification policies? On this week's episode of ESG Currents, Stacy Noblet, vice president of Transportation Electrification at ICF and Holly Froum, a BI litigation analyst, join Margot Wentzel, BI senior ESG associate, in two conversations covering these topics. They discuss what the US election outcome and change in administration could mean for existing EV policies, how local and federal policy affects electrification, and developments within the transport electrification space. This episode was recorded on Nov. 15.  For more insights, register for BI ESG's Dec. 11 conference here.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The importance of green financing has grown in recent years and analyzing its impact has been a hurdle for many investors, one that may potentially be resolved with advances in artificial intelligence. In today's episode Romina Reversi, Credit Agricole CIB's head of Sustainable Investment Banking, Americas, Marcel Bock and Andreas Hoelzl, co-founders of Mensura AI, join Chris Ratti, Bloomberg Intelligence's senior ESG credit strategist, to discuss how quantifying the impact of sustainable debt, using proceeds for green or social projects or linked to social and environmental KPIs, could be done using AI. Sustainable-finance professionals are faced with a myriad of challenges and AI can assist with automated workflows to decipher and improve comparability of the impact and allocation data points. For more insights, register here for BI ESG's Dec. 11 conference.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Private markets are uniquely positioned to unlock the value of nature, which may be one of the world's most underappreciated assets. On this week's episode, BI's senior ESG associate Melanie Rua is joined by Anne Valentine Andrews, global head of private markets at Manulife IM, and Brian Kernohan, the firm's chief sustainability officer, to discuss how nature and climate can drive investment strategies. They explore frameworks such as TCFD and TNFD, the intricacies of carbon credits and biodiversity markets and the future of portfolio diversification. With over $16 billion in assets under management across agriculture and timberland, Manulife stands as the largest manager of natural capital assets. This episode was recorded on Oct. 18. For more insights, register for BI ESG's Dec. 11 conference here: https://bbgevent.app/esg-investment/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Economics is defined as the study of how society allocates scarce resources. So, can it help us more intelligently apportion carbon emissions? On this week's episode of ESG Currents, Professor Michael Greenstone joins BI's director of ESG research, Eric Kane, and senior ESG analyst, Rob Du Boff, to discuss his research on pricing the social cost of carbon and Climate Vault's efforts to create a more robust market for carbon credits. Professor Greenstone is the director of the new Climate and Energy Institute at the University of Chicago, served as the chief economist in Barack Obama's Council of Economic Advisers and is the co-founder of Climate Vault.This episode was recorded on Sept. 25. For more insights, register for BI ESG's Dec. 11 conference here. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Inner Development Goals organization (IDG) was developed in response to the fact that progress on the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) isn't happening fast enough, and is based on the idea that inner development is needed to achieve a more sustainable future. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence's ESG Currents podcast, Jan Artem Henriksson, executive director of IDG, joins BI's director of ESG Research Eric Kane to discuss how the IDG framework was developed and the five dimensions and 23 skills that are included. They also chat about companies that are using IDGs and how the approach can help with progress on key topics, including diversity, equity and inclusion. For more insights, register here for BI ESG's Dec. 11 conference.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

As demand for AI processing power has met a commensurate spike in energy demand — a potential barrier to growth and profitability — companies like Synopsys can play an integral role in helping improve processing efficiency and managing power consumption. On this episode of the ESG Currents podcast, Synopsys CFO Shelagh Glaser joins Bloomberg Intelligence senior ESG analysts Gail Glazerman and Andrew Stevenson to discuss how optimizing software early in the design process can boost efficiency. She also examines the benefits and challenges of infusing AI into the company's own products. This episode was recorded on Sept. 11. Register here to attend BI's ESG conference on Dec. 11.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Reports of active management's demise have been greatly exaggerated. Active continues to grow and evolve in ETFs while mutual funds prosper and define benefit plans. Bloomberg Intelligence strategy team uncover active opportunities and glean insights from active managers and those who cover the industry. Listen to Inside Active by Bloomberg Intelligence. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Insured natural-catastrophe losses of around $100 billion a year are the new norm, according to Tobias Grimm, Head of Climate Advisory and Natural Catastrophe Data at Munich Re. On this week's episode of ESG Currents, Grimm joins Bloomberg Intelligence analysts Grace Osborne and Andrew Stevenson to discuss prevention, protection gaps and the rise of unpredictable climatic events, as well as premium opportunities in the low-carbon space. This episode was recorded on Oct. 2. Register here to attend BI's ESG conference in New York on Dec. 11: https://bbgevent.app/esg-investment/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mike Richter, president of Brightcore Energy, helped lead the New York Rangers to the Stanley Cup Championship in 1994. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence's ESG Currents podcast, Mr. Richter joins BI's director of ESG research Eric Kane to discuss his path from goaltender in the National Hockey League to the world of energy efficiency and renewable energy, the importance of incentives in energy projects, what technologies provide the best cost and energy savings, the intersection of sports and the environment, the Rangers' 2024-25 outlook and more. For more insights, register here for BI ESG's Dec. 11 conference, ESG is Here to Stay: 5 Investment Themes for 2025. The episode was recorded on Oct. 2.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Can financial markets help solve climate change, poverty and inequality on a worldwide scale? The UN-backed Principles for Responsible Investment supports an international network of investor signatories looking to incorporate ESG factors into investment and ownership decisions. Launched in 2006, the PRI has grown to more than 5,300 signatories managing over $121 trillion. Ahead of this week's 16th annual PRI in Person conference in Toronto, senior ESG analyst Rob Du Boff chatted with PRI Chief Sustainable Systems Officer Nathan Fabian and board member Wendy Cromwell, vice chair and head of sustainable investment for Wellington Management.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Inflation Reduction Act unleashed nearly half-a-trillion dollars in investment for projects to help meet climate goals. In this episode of the Bloomberg Intelligence ESG Currents podcast, BI senior analysts Gail Glazerman and Rob Du Boff are joined by Gina McCarthy, who as White House national climate advisor was a key backer of the legislation and as former head of the EPA, offers a unique perspective on the Supreme Court's recent ruling overthrowing the long-standing Chevron doctrine. She shares her views on the outlook for the IRA in the context of the 2024 federal election and the search for energy to power AI. This episode was recorded Sept. 23.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Investing, stocks, commodities, crypto and everything in between. This biweekly podcast with a focus on exchange-traded funds will guide you through the financial markets in Asia and beyond. Sponsored by HKEX.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

With natural capital emerging as a vital investment theme, understanding its risks and opportunities is crucial. In this episode, BI's senior ESG analyst, Rob Du Boff, and Melanie Rua, senior ESG associate, are joined by Adam Kanzer, head of stewardship for the Americas at BNP Paribas Asset Management, to share why natural capital is an important investment theme, why transparency in nature-related data matters and how the firm engages with industry to influence corporate practices. From the story of horseshoe crabs to how Nature Action 100 drives impactful corporate change, this episode delves deep into the efforts to protect biodiversity while generating shareholder value. The episode was recorded on Sept. 18.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

There's a $10-trillion opportunity in nature-positive investing, says Ingrid Kukuljan, head of impact and sustainable investing at Federated Hermes. About half of global GDP is moderately or highly dependent on nature, yet relentless exploitation has led to risks ranging from labor productivity to the global supply of oranges. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence's ESG Currents podcast, BI analyst Grace Osborne talks to Kukuljan about the risks of biodiversity loss, corporate champions of a regenerative economy and her hopes for COP16 next month.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In her forthcoming book, “What if We Get Right?: Visions of Climate Futures,” Ayana Elizabeth Johnson interviews 20 climate thought leaders across disciplines to answer the critical question posed in the title. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence's ESG Currents podcast, BI's director of ESG research Eric Kane is joined by Dr. Johnson to discuss the book, her work with the Urban Ocean Lab, finding inspiration in biophilia and a climate-action Venn diagram. They also talk about the absurdity of having constant growth and scarcity as fundamental principles, what we can learn from Marvel's “Black Panther” movie, and much more. This episode was recorded on Sept. 6. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

ESG has come under fire in recent years as investors have struggled to understand the tradeoffs and benefits of including “values-based” factors in their investment process. On this episode of ESG Currents, Bloomberg Intelligence's senior ESG analyst Andy Stevenson is joined by Lukasz Pomorski, Senior Vice President at Acadian Asset Management and author of “The Puzzle of Sustainable Investment,” to discuss how data related to governance, climate and wages may help investors build their portfolios. This episode was recorded on Sept. 3. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Amid growing concerns over ESG risks, today's investors are taking a more active role as owners or lenders in corporations, whether through engaging with management, voting at annual meetings or just choosing to divest. This is especially true for Norway's sovereign wealth fund, the owner of one of the largest stakes in almost every listed company in the world. On this episode of ESG Currents, senior ESG analyst Rob Du Boff is joined by Carine Smith Ihenacho, Chief Governance and Compliance Officer of the fund's manager, Norges Bank Investment Management, who leads ownership and responsible investment activities. This episode was recorded on Aug. 6.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Saturna Capital views the “the consideration of environmental, social and governance factors as essential in forming portfolios of high-quality companies that are better positioned to reduce risk and identify opportunities.” In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence's ESG Currents podcast, BI's director of ESG research Eric Kane and senior ESG credit analyst Chris Ratti are joined by Elizabeth Alm and Levi Stewart Zurbrugg, senior investment analysts and portfolio managers at Saturna Capital. They discuss how the consideration of ESG factors differs across equities and credits, why the energy transition will be messy, the overlooked impact of bonds, the truths and falsehoods in critiques of ESG, and much more. This episode was recorded on August 18.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

One of the most controversial topics in sustainable finance is the voluntary carbon market. On paper, these offsets can match companies seeking to cut emissions with projects that can reduce carbon in the atmosphere. But the industry has faced allegations ranging from greenwashing to outright fraud. On this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence's ESG Currents podcast, BI Senior ESG Analyst Rob Du Boff discusses the future of this market with Tom Montag, who runs carbon-credit management firm Rubicon Carbon after a storied career on Wall Street. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Corporate sustainability takes many shapes and forms, and nothing articulates this better than looking through the lenses of a commercial fishing company and a credit reporting agency. On this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence's ESG Currents podcast BI's director of ESG research Eric Kane talks with American Seafoods Chief Sustainability Officer Tim Fitzgerald and Cristina Banahan, the global head of citizenship and sustainability at TransUnion, at the recent Bloomberg Green Festival. They discuss broad topics, such as impact vs. materiality, and company-specific areas of focus including decarbonizing fishing fleets, protecting data privacy and more. This episode was recorded on July 11.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

As sustainable fixed-income markets continue to develop, debt instruments can actively drive impact. On this week's episode of Bloomberg Intelligence's ESG Currents podcast Stephen Liberatore, head of ESG & Impact for Global Fixed Income at Nuveen, joins host Chris Ratti, BI ESG credit analyst, to discuss the state of green, social, sustainability and sustainability-linked bonds. This episode was recorded on July 10.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Climeworks began operations in May at its largest direct air capture and storage facility to date. The Iceland plant has capacity to remove 36,000 metric tons of CO2 from the air per year. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence's ESG Currents podcast, BI's director of ESG research Eric Kane is joined by Climeworks CFO Andreas Aepli to discuss the company's technology and how it plans to scale up to collect 1 million metric tons of CO2 from the atmosphere a year by 2030. They also talk about the energy requirements of direct air capture, how the cost of the technology is changing, the importance of removal credits for CO2 and more. This episode was recorded on June 20.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.