Podcasts about brainex

Esta es una de las distopías más tratadas en cine y series de ficción. Incluso yo la he tratado alguna vez anteriormente con otro punto de vista, desde el punto de vista de la ciencia. Hoy, vamos a abordar el tema madurado desde un punto de vista filosófico para tratar esta distopía de lo que podría implicar vivir para siempre. ¿Es posible vivir para siempre? La idea de vivir para siempre ha fascinado a la humanidad desde tiempos inmemoriales. ¿Quién no querría disfrutar de la vida sin tener que preocuparse por el envejecimiento, las enfermedades y la muerte? Sin embargo, ¿es realmente posible alcanzar la inmortalidad? ¿Qué implicaciones tendría para la sociedad, la ética y el medio ambiente? En este artículo, exploraremos algunas de las posibles formas de vivir para siempre y sus ventajas y desventajas. La inmortalidad biológica Una forma de vivir para siempre sería lograr la inmortalidad biológica, es decir, detener o revertir el proceso de envejecimiento celular. Algunos organismos, como las medusas Turritopsis dohrnii o las hidras, son capaces de regenerar sus tejidos y evitar el deterioro asociado a la edad. ¿Podría la ciencia aplicar este mecanismo a los seres humanos? Algunos científicos creen que sí, y están investigando diferentes estrategias para lograrlo. Por ejemplo, el biogerontólogo Aubrey de Grey propone una serie de intervenciones terapéuticas para reparar el daño molecular y celular que se acumula con el tiempo. Estas intervenciones incluyen la eliminación de las células senescentes, que dejan de dividirse y secretan sustancias inflamatorias; la restauración de la longitud de los telómeros, que son las estructuras que protegen los extremos de los cromosomas; la prevención de la glicación, que es la reacción química que altera las proteínas; y la eliminación de las mutaciones en el ADN mitocondrial, que afectan a la producción de energía celular. Otra posible vía para alcanzar la inmortalidad biológica sería la manipulación genética. Algunos genes están relacionados con la longevidad, como el gen FOXO3, que regula el estrés oxidativo, la inflamación y el metabolismo. Al modificar estos genes, se podría aumentar la esperanza de vida y la salud de los individuos. De hecho, se ha demostrado que ciertas variantes genéticas están asociadas con una mayor probabilidad de vivir más de 100 años. La inmortalidad biológica tendría algunas ventajas, como la posibilidad de disfrutar de una vida más larga y saludable, sin sufrir las enfermedades y el deterioro físico y mental que conlleva el envejecimiento. Además, se podría aprovechar la experiencia y el conocimiento de las personas mayores, que podrían seguir contribuyendo a la sociedad de forma activa. Sin embargo, también tendría algunos inconvenientes, como el riesgo de sobrepoblación, la escasez de recursos, el aumento de las desigualdades, la pérdida de la diversidad genética y el aburrimiento existencial. Además, la inmortalidad biológica no garantizaría la protección frente a otras causas de muerte, como los accidentes, la violencia o las catástrofes naturales. La inmortalidad digital Otra forma de vivir para siempre sería lograr la inmortalidad digital, es decir, trasladar la conciencia humana a un soporte informático. Esto implicaría crear una copia digital del cerebro, con todos sus recuerdos, personalidad y emociones, y alojarla en un servidor, una nube o un robot. De esta manera, se podría preservar la identidad y la continuidad de la persona más allá de la muerte física. Algunos científicos y empresas están trabajando en esta dirección, utilizando técnicas como la neuroimagen, la inteligencia artificial y la realidad virtual. Por ejemplo, el proyecto BrainEx pretende crear un mapa detallado de la estructura y la actividad del cerebro humano, utilizando escáneres de alta resolución y algoritmos de aprendizaje automático. El objetivo es poder reconstruir el cerebro en un formato digital y simular su funcionamiento. Otro ejemplo es el proyecto Nectome, que ofrece la posibilidad de preservar el cerebro mediante un proceso de vitrificación, que consiste en inyectar un líquido que evita la formación de cristales de hielo y mantiene intactas las conexiones neuronales. El propósito es poder escanear el cerebro en el futuro y extraer la información que contiene. La inmortalidad digital tendría algunas ventajas, como la posibilidad de escapar de las limitaciones del cuerpo físico, explorar nuevos entornos virtuales, interactuar con otras mentes digitales y acceder a una gran cantidad de información y conocimiento. Además, se podría elegir el aspecto, la edad y las características de la representación digital, así como modificarla según las preferencias o las necesidades. Sin embargo, también tendría algunos inconvenientes, como la pérdida de la conexión con el mundo real, la dependencia de la tecnología, la vulnerabilidad a los ataques informáticos, la falta de privacidad y la incertidumbre sobre la autenticidad y la singularidad de la conciencia digital. Además, la inmortalidad digital plantearía cuestiones éticas, legales y sociales, como el derecho a la vida, la propiedad intelectual, la responsabilidad moral y la dignidad humana. Conclusión En conclusión, vivir para siempre es un sueño que ha inspirado a muchas generaciones, pero que también plantea muchos desafíos y dilemas. La ciencia y la tecnología están avanzando hacia la posibilidad de alcanzar la inmortalidad, ya sea biológica o digital, pero aún quedan muchos obstáculos y riesgos que superar. Además, la inmortalidad no es solo una cuestión técnica, sino también filosófica y existencial. ¿Qué sentido tendría la vida si no tuviera fin? ¿Qué valor tendría el tiempo si fuera infinito? ¿Qué implicaría la inmortalidad para la identidad, la libertad y la felicidad humanas? Estas son algunas de las preguntas que deberíamos hacernos antes de aspirar a vivir para siempre. Puedes leer más y comentar en mi web, en el enlace directo: https://luisbermejo.com/este-podcast-te-cambiara-la-vida-zz-podcast-05x17/ Puedes encontrarme y comentar o enviar tu mensaje o preguntar en: WhatsApp: +34 613031122 Paypal: https://paypal.me/Bermejo Bizum: +34613031122 Web: https://luisbermejo.com Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ZZPodcast/ X (twitters): https://x.com/LuisBermejo y https://x.com/zz_podcast Instagrams: https://www.instagram.com/luisbermejo/ y https://www.instagram.com/zz_podcast/ Canal Telegram: https://t.me/ZZ_Podcast Canal WhatsApp: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va89ttE6buMPHIIure1H Grupo Signal: https://signal.group/#CjQKIHTVyCK430A0dRu_O55cdjRQzmE1qIk36tCdsHHXgYveEhCuPeJhP3PoAqEpKurq_mAc Grupo Whatsapp: https://chat.whatsapp.com/FQadHkgRn00BzSbZzhNviThttps://chat.whatsapp.com/BNHYlv0p0XX7K4YOrOLei0

歡迎留言告訴我們你對這一集的想法： https://open.firstory.me/user/cl81kivnk00dn01wffhwxdg2s/comments Topic: About scientific research - Certain Junk Foods Could Be Messing With Your Brain's Appetite Control, Study Finds Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar 'junk food' diet can quickly undermine your brain's appetite control. 在人類中新發現的證據顯示，含有高脂高糖「垃圾食物」的典型西方飲食，可以快速破壞大腦對食慾的控制。 After indulging in a week-long binge of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy volunteers scored worse on memory tests and experienced a greater desire to eat junk food, even when they were already full. 狂吃鬆餅、奶昔和類似的高脂食物一週後，澳洲研究人員發現，年輕健康的志願者在記憶力測試中成績欠佳，而且對垃圾食物更有食慾，甚至在吃飽之後還想吃。 The findings suggest something is amiss in the hippocampus - a region of the brain that supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby reducing our appetite. 研究結果顯示問題出在海馬體，這個區域在大腦中支援記憶力，協助調節食慾。我們吃飽之後，海馬體被認為會使美食記憶不再活躍，從而降低食慾。 When it's disrupted, this control can be seriously undermined. 當海馬體受到擾亂，對食慾的控制也會受到嚴重破壞。 Over the years, extensive research on juvenile mice has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive to 'junk food' , but this has only recently been observed in young and healthy humans. 近年來對幼鼠進行的廣泛研究發現，海馬體對「垃圾食物」很敏感，但最近才在年輕健康的人群中發現這一問題。 Next Article Topic: Squatting or kneeling is better for your posture than sitting all day, anthropologists claim 人類學家：蹲姿或跪姿比坐一整天來得好 Resting postures such as squatting or kneeling may be better for health because they require more muscle activity than sitting on a chair, researchers claim. 研究人員聲稱，蹲或跪這類休息姿勢也許更有益於身體健康，因為它們比坐在椅子上需要更多的肌肉活動。 The findings are based on data gathered from a hunter-gatherer population in Tanzania who wore devices that measured physical activity as well as periods of rest. 這些發現是根據從坦尚尼亞一個狩獵採集部落收集來的數據，這個部落的人佩戴裝置來測量他們的體力活動和休息時間。 Anthropologists from the US found that despite being sedentary for almost 10 hours each day, equivalent to clocking a shift in the office at the desk, the Hazda people appeared to lack the markers of chronic diseases associated with long periods of sitting. 美國的人類學家發現，儘管哈茲達部落的人每天靜止不動的時間將近10個小時，相當於在辦公桌前上一天班，但他們似乎並未出現久坐帶來的慢性病跡象。 They believe this is down to the ‘active rest postures' used by the tribe. 他們相信，這歸結於該部落使用的「主動休息姿勢」。 Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1368761 ; https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1367176 Next Article Topic: Aboriginal canoe sets out on voyage to Japan for research An Aboriginal Amis canoe is set to sail from Taiwan's Taitung County to Japan's Yonaguni Island some time between Monday and July 13. Organized by Taiwan's National Museum of Prehistory and Japan's National Museum of Nature and Science (NMNS), the voyage is part of the NMNS' research on people's movement from Taiwan to Japan in ancient times. 一艘原住民阿美族的獨木舟，預計在週一至七月十三日間，從台灣的台東縣航向日本的與那國島。該活動是由國立台灣史前文化博物館，及日本的國立科學博物館合辦，此航行是科博館研究的一部分，旨在探討古代人們從台灣到日本的遷徙活動。 According to archaeologists, some of the early inhabitants of Japan most likely traveled from Taiwan to the Ryukyu Islands on similar wooden vessels during the Paleolithic, about 30,000 years ago. The canoe will have to cross the Kuroshio Current (the Black Current) and travel around 205km to Yonaguni Island, Japan's westernmost island in Okinawa Prefecture. 根據考古學家們指出，日本的某些早期居民，極有可能是搭乘著類似的木筏，自台灣來到沖繩列島，當時大約是距今三萬年的舊石器時代。這艘獨木舟必須跨越「黑潮」洋流，航行約兩百零五公里至沖繩縣、位於全日本最西端的與那國島。 The research team failed to complete a voyage on an Amis bamboo raft last year and the year before that, because the boats used were not strong enough for the big waves. This time around, a canoe made of cedar will be used in the adventure, which is expected to take 2 to 3 days. 研究團隊去年、前年均嘗試以阿美族竹筏渡海，但因竹筏不夠堅固無法抵擋大浪沖擊，最終挑戰失敗。本次冒險則改用以雪松打造的獨木舟，預計需二到三天才能完成整趟航程。 Source article: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2019/06/20/2003717213 Next Article Topic: Researchers ‘reboot' pig brains hours after animals died The brains of decapitated pigs can be partially revived several hours after the animal has died, researchers have revealed, with some of the functions of cells booted back up when an oxygen-rich fluid is circulated through the organ. 研究人員近日指出，宰殺後的豬隻大腦在死亡數個小時之後，仍然可以被「部分復甦」──藉由一種富含氧氣的液體在器官中進行循環，死亡豬隻的腦細胞部分功能被重新啟動。 The scientists stress that the brains do not show any signs of consciousness — for example, there was no sign that different parts of the brain were sending signals to each other — and that it does not change the definition of death. “This is not a living brain. But it is a cellularly active brain,” said Prof Nenad Sestan from Yale University, who led the research. 科學家強調，實驗中的大腦並未顯示任何具有意識的徵兆──舉例而言，大腦不同部位並沒有出現互相傳遞訊號的跡象──而這項實驗也並未改變死亡的定義。耶魯大學的內納德‧塞斯坦教授是這篇研究的主持人，他表示：「這並不代表它是一個活的大腦，但確實是一個就細胞層面而言仍在活動中的大腦。」 A number of studies have suggested brain cells might not inevitably die after blood stops circulating. Writing in the journal Nature, researchers in the US reported how they sought to examine this further by taking brains from 32 pigs that had been killed in a slaughterhouse. Four hours after their deaths the arteries of the pig brains were hooked up to a sophisticated system dubbed BrainEx, which pumped an oxygenated synthetic blood through the organ. This fluid contained a host of nutrients as well as other substances to tackle processes that lead to cell death, and the circulation was continued for six hours. 曾有多份研究指出，在血液停止循環後，大腦細胞可能不會必然死亡。在期刊《自然》這次刊出的報告中，美國的研究人員解釋他們如何藉由三十二頭豬在屠宰廠被宰殺後留下的大腦，試圖進一步檢驗這個現象。在豬隻死亡四個小時後，豬的大腦動脈被接上一個稱為「BrainEx」的複雜系統，它會把加入氧氣的人工合成血液灌注到器官中。液體內含有許多營養物和其他物質，能夠阻撓導致細胞死亡的過程，並在大腦中持續循環六個小時。 At that point, the team found the circulating fluid successfully flowed through blood vessels in the brain, including tiny capillaries, and that the blood vessels were able to dilate in response to a drug, while the brain as a whole consumed oxygen and glucose from the fluid and released carbon dioxide back into it at similar rates to an intact brain. 此時，研究團隊發現循環的液體順利流經大腦中的血管──包括極細的微血管──而血管也能夠對某種藥物產生擴張反應，大腦整體則會消耗液體中的氧氣和葡萄糖，並釋出二氧化碳回到液體中，速率近似於正常大腦。 What is more, the cells showed certain functions, including the release of various immune-response substances when triggered. After tissues were removed from the brains and flushed of the BrainEx fluid the researchers found individual neurons were still able to function. 此外，細胞更開始出現某些功能，例如在受到刺激時會釋放出多種免疫反應物質。研究人員移除部分腦組織、並且沖洗掉「BrainEx」液體後，發現單獨的神經元仍然能夠運作。 The team said that while the BrainEx fluid was circulating, they monitored the brains to check for any signs of organized electrical activity that might suggest consciousness. “That monitoring didn't show any kind of organized global electrical activity,” said Dr Stephen Latham, a bioethicist and co-author of the study. 研究團隊表示，當「BrainEx」液體正在循環時，他們有偵測大腦，檢查是否有任何可能代表意識的組織性帶電活動跡象。生物倫理學家史蒂芬‧拉譚姆博士是這份研究的共同作者，他指出：「監測過程中並未顯示出任何組織性的整體帶電活動」。 But, he said, the team had been ready for signs of consciousness. “Had that appeared they would have lowered the temperature of the brain and used anesthesia to stop that kind of activity,” said Latham, adding that at present there are no ethics committees set up for such an eventuality, and it remained unclear in any case if the technique could ever restore consciousness. 不過，他也表示，研究團隊已做好準備，面對隨時出現意識的徵兆。拉譚姆博士說：「如果有類似跡象出現，研究人員就會降低腦部溫度，並且用麻醉藥物阻止這類活動。」但他也補充說，目前並沒有為這種可能性成立任何倫理委員會，而且無論如何，該技術是否能夠恢復意識仍然在未定之天。 The team said the approach could provide a new way to study the brain, and even help in the development and testing of new therapies for stroke and other conditions in which bloodflow to parts of the brain is blocked, causing cells to die. 研究團隊表示，這個方法可望提供新的大腦研究方式，甚至有助於開發和測試新療法，治療中風和其他因為大腦部分血流受阻而導致細胞死亡的相關疾病。 Source article: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2019/04/28/2003714163/2 Powered by Firstory Hosting

The year 2022 began with a story from National Geographic about the quest to create contagious vaccines, research that began in 1999 with rabbits. Soon after the FDA announced gene-edited beef cattle may be able to “better withstand hot weather.” Genetically altered mosquitoes have also been experimented with for nearly 15 years, utilized to carry, yet again, vaccines. Now 2023, the year of the rabbit, began with a story about an FDA approved vaccination for bees. Those fans of the X Files certainly may find it interesting that the use of vaccines and genetic engineering, particularly relating to bees and corn, is strikingly familiar. It's the plot of Fight the Future. Alien colonists have been on earth since before man. An alliance was later created with a small group of humans that would allow them to survive colonization by becoming alien-human hybrids. A group known as Syndicate plans to release the virus on a global scale by using genetically modified corn, which transmits the material to bees that then transport it to humans. The virus-material given by the colonists, however, triggers gestation of an alien creature that kills the human host. We know this virus famously as Purity or Black Oil or Black Cancer. In the later seasons of the X Files we learn that the aliens planned to use the Spartan virus, which was placed in smallpox vaccines, to edit human DNA and destroy what we call the immune system. The use of genetically altered mosquitoes to transmit genetic material to other mosquitoes, causing sterility, has already been achieved and is certainly a danger to animals and humans, especially when the insects can be engineered to carry any genetic material or biological agent. The announcement of a USDA bee-vaccine to be added to a colony's food, which will then transmit to their queen and offspring, can easily through pollination make it into our food supply - a reversal of the process in the X Files. Creating a panic over a variety of viruses, or an omnivirus, cultivates a willing response from the public to be injected with material intending to alter human DNA - a universal vaccine. In the TV show Utopia it was a sterilizing agent, as is the original justification for genetically modified mosquitoes - to sterilize other insects. The 1999 experiments on rabbits off the coast of Spain used “self-spreading vaccine against two viral diseases” - rabbit hemorrhagic disease and myxomatosis. The National Geographic article reported how “self-spreading vaccine virus could evolve to jump species or cause other unknown consequences in wild and domestic animal populations and, perhaps, even in humans.” Other self-spreading vaccines being worked on included ebola and bovine tuberculosis. The Zero Sum game being played here also involves other technologies such as edible electronics, which include password pills and tiny machines to monitor organs. Then there is smart dust. The Human Genome Project which sequenced every piece of human DNA has now been matched with the first functional map of genes expressed in human cells, tying each gene to its specific job. This allows for far more precise gene editing. But scientists aren't simply content with altering what already exists; they intend to bring species back from the dead and revive the dead, but at a price. In 1928 Soviet scientists reanimated the five-sense of a severed dog head using a circulatory machine. Successful, they moved on to draining the blood from an incapacitated living dog which died for ten minutes. A dialysis-like machine then pumped blood back into the animal, triggering heart rate and respiration. Now scientists at Yale University have done something similar. In 2019 they reanimated dead pig brains with a machine called BrainEx, though they acknowledged there was no 'life'. On August 4, 2022, Yale scientists then brought pigs dead for an hour back to 'life' using a circulatory machine and a chemical sludge called OrganEx, which did not work in the control group of pigs. Cellular function was restored and the brain, liver, kidneys, and heart began functioning like normal. Beyond the moral and ethical questions of such experiments, tampering with life and death is a form of unnatural selection which takes the spirit and soul into little or no consideration. In the Bible we know the story of Jesus driving demons into a heard of pigs and driving them into water (Matthew 8:24-34). Now we are bringing the demon-pigs back to life. Scientists in China have combined these forces to create the first mammal with programmable genes. This is the age of artificial wombs, fertilized eggs without sperm, and dark sciences. These are dark forms of scientific magic and modern necromancy. With everything gained by modern sorcerers, all organic life loses the same. Bees and their hives symbolize industry, community and hive-like collectivized organization. In Egypt they represented the lower kingdom and in Greece obedience. Individual bees are often referred to as drones/workers, obeying commands of their Queen. Throughout history a swarm of bees was thought to carry away the souls, or were the souls, of the dead. Mormons excessively use the bee and hive on all of their iconography, while Christian churches were identified with bees because of the wax used to make candles. The honeycomb hexagram formed by bees is considered highly sacred, particularly in sacred geometry, and known as either the Seal of Solomon or Star of Saturn.This lower kingdom of drones obedient to their mastsers is where the earth is being taken with every justification to genetic or geo engineer the natural world.

In 1928 Soviet scientists reanimated the five-sense of a severed dog head using a circulatory machine. Successful, they moved on to draining the blood from an incapacitated living dog which died for ten minutes. A dialysis-like machine then pumped blood back into the animal, triggering heart rate and respiration. Now scientists at Yale University have done something similar. In 2019 they reanimated dead pig brains with a machine called BrainEx, though they acknowledged there was no 'life'. On August 4, 2022, Yale scientists then brought pigs dead for an hour back to 'life' using a circulatory machine and a chemical sludge called OrganEx, which did not work in the control group of pigs. Cellular function was restored and the brain, liver, kidneys, and heart began functioning like normal. Beyond the moral and ethical questions of such experiments, tampering with life and death is a form of unnatural selection which takes the spirit and soul into little or no consideration. These are dark forms of scientific magic and modern necromancy.

In 1928 Soviet scientists reanimated the five-sense of a severed dog head using a circulatory machine. Successful, they moved on to draining the blood from an incapacitated living dog which died for ten minutes. A dialysis-like machine then pumped blood back into the animal, triggering heart rate and respiration. Now scientists at Yale University have done something similar. In 2019 they reanimated dead pig brains with a machine called BrainEx, though they acknowledged there was no 'life'. On August 4, 2022, Yale scientists then brought pigs dead for an hour back to 'life' using a circulatory machine and a chemical sludge called OrganEx, which did not work in the control group of pigs. Cellular function was restored and the brain, liver, kidneys, and heart began functioning like normal. Beyond the moral and ethical questions of such experiments, tampering with life and death is a form of unnatural selection which takes the spirit and soul into little or no consideration. These are dark forms of scientific magic and modern necromancy.

1. National CPR + AED Awareness Week takes place every year from June 1 – 7. During this week, The Red Cross recognizes the importance of initiating CPR and using an AED as a response to cardiac arrest. ((00:10)) 2. Governor Lamont today announced that the application period for the 2022 Connecticut Child Tax Rebate is now open until July 31. The Lt. Governor gave us all the details on the application process and who qualifies. ((13:59)) 3. Science You May Not Know: Yale scientists created BrainEx -- what is it and why does it matter? ((27:39)) IMAGE CREDIT:  iStock / Getty Images Plus

This week Wade talks about how the homeless do street performance, counterfeit bills and how we can now bring pig brains back to life. Links are down below. Email us stuff at punandgame@gmail.com Merch:https://teespring.com/stores/punandgamePromo Code: NWTPOD for free shippingYouTube:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDUpI3McVZBegI28on8uwOATwitter:@PunandGameInstagram:@WadeTaylor_WGAFThis Week's Links:· https://bigthink.com/surprising-science/zombie-pigs-brainex/#Echobox=1646437812-1· Intro & Outro By Teknoaxe Royalty Free Music https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtgf00GvfFQVsYBA7V7RwUw

Topic: About scientific research - Certain Junk Foods Could Be Messing With Your Brain's Appetite Control, Study Finds Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar 'junk food' diet can quickly undermine your brain's appetite control. 在人類中新發現的證據顯示，含有高脂高糖「垃圾食物」的典型西方飲食，可以快速破壞大腦對食慾的控制。 After indulging in a week-long binge of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy volunteers scored worse on memory tests and experienced a greater desire to eat junk food, even when they were already full. 狂吃鬆餅、奶昔和類似的高脂食物一週後，澳洲研究人員發現，年輕健康的志願者在記憶力測試中成績欠佳，而且對垃圾食物更有食慾，甚至在吃飽之後還想吃。 The findings suggest something is amiss in the hippocampus - a region of the brain that supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby reducing our appetite. 研究結果顯示問題出在海馬體，這個區域在大腦中支援記憶力，協助調節食慾。我們吃飽之後，海馬體被認為會使美食記憶不再活躍，從而降低食慾。 When it's disrupted, this control can be seriously undermined. 當海馬體受到擾亂，對食慾的控制也會受到嚴重破壞。 Over the years, extensive research on juvenile mice has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive to 'junk food' , but this has only recently been observed in young and healthy humans. 近年來對幼鼠進行的廣泛研究發現，海馬體對「垃圾食物」很敏感，但最近才在年輕健康的人群中發現這一問題。   Next Article   Topic: Squatting or kneeling is better for your posture than sitting all day, anthropologists claim 人類學家：蹲姿或跪姿比坐一整天來得好 Resting postures such as squatting or kneeling may be better for health because they require more muscle activity than sitting on a chair, researchers claim. 研究人員聲稱，蹲或跪這類休息姿勢也許更有益於身體健康，因為它們比坐在椅子上需要更多的肌肉活動。 The findings are based on data gathered from a hunter-gatherer population in Tanzania who wore devices that measured physical activity as well as periods of rest. 這些發現是根據從坦尚尼亞一個狩獵採集部落收集來的數據，這個部落的人佩戴裝置來測量他們的體力活動和休息時間。 Anthropologists from the US found that despite being sedentary for almost 10 hours each day, equivalent to clocking a shift in the office at the desk, the Hazda people appeared to lack the markers of chronic diseases associated with long periods of sitting. 美國的人類學家發現，儘管哈茲達部落的人每天靜止不動的時間將近10個小時，相當於在辦公桌前上一天班，但他們似乎並未出現久坐帶來的慢性病跡象。 They believe this is down to the ‘active rest postures' used by the tribe. 他們相信，這歸結於該部落使用的「主動休息姿勢」。Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1368761 ; https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1367176   Next Article   Aboriginal canoe sets out on voyage to Japan for research An Aboriginal Amis canoe is set to sail from Taiwan's Taitung County to Japan's Yonaguni Island some time between Monday and July 13. Organized by Taiwan's National Museum of Prehistory and Japan's National Museum of Nature and Science (NMNS), the voyage is part of the NMNS' research on people's movement from Taiwan to Japan in ancient times. 一艘原住民阿美族的獨木舟，預計在週一至七月十三日間，從台灣的台東縣航向日本的與那國島。該活動是由國立台灣史前文化博物館，及日本的國立科學博物館合辦，此航行是科博館研究的一部分，旨在探討古代人們從台灣到日本的遷徙活動。 According to archaeologists, some of the early inhabitants of Japan most likely traveled from Taiwan to the Ryukyu Islands on similar wooden vessels during the Paleolithic, about 30,000 years ago. The canoe will have to cross the Kuroshio Current (the Black Current) and travel around 205km to Yonaguni Island, Japan's westernmost island in Okinawa Prefecture. 根據考古學家們指出，日本的某些早期居民，極有可能是搭乘著類似的木筏，自台灣來到沖繩列島，當時大約是距今三萬年的舊石器時代。這艘獨木舟必須跨越「黑潮」洋流，航行約兩百零五公里至沖繩縣、位於全日本最西端的與那國島。 The research team failed to complete a voyage on an Amis bamboo raft last year and the year before that, because the boats used were not strong enough for the big waves. This time around, a canoe made of cedar will be used in the adventure, which is expected to take 2 to 3 days. 研究團隊去年、前年均嘗試以阿美族竹筏渡海，但因竹筏不夠堅固無法抵擋大浪沖擊，最終挑戰失敗。本次冒險則改用以雪松打造的獨木舟，預計需二到三天才能完成整趟航程。Source article: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2019/06/20/2003717213   Next Article   Topic: Researchers ‘reboot' pig brains hours after animals died The brains of decapitated pigs can be partially revived several hours after the animal has died, researchers have revealed, with some of the functions of cells booted back up when an oxygen-rich fluid is circulated through the organ. 研究人員近日指出，宰殺後的豬隻大腦在死亡數個小時之後，仍然可以被「部分復甦」──藉由一種富含氧氣的液體在器官中進行循環，死亡豬隻的腦細胞部分功能被重新啟動。 The scientists stress that the brains do not show any signs of consciousness — for example, there was no sign that different parts of the brain were sending signals to each other — and that it does not change the definition of death. “This is not a living brain. But it is a cellularly active brain,” said Prof Nenad Sestan from Yale University, who led the research. 科學家強調，實驗中的大腦並未顯示任何具有意識的徵兆──舉例而言，大腦不同部位並沒有出現互相傳遞訊號的跡象──而這項實驗也並未改變死亡的定義。耶魯大學的內納德‧塞斯坦教授是這篇研究的主持人，他表示：「這並不代表它是一個活的大腦，但確實是一個就細胞層面而言仍在活動中的大腦。」 A number of studies have suggested brain cells might not inevitably die after blood stops circulating. Writing in the journal Nature, researchers in the US reported how they sought to examine this further by taking brains from 32 pigs that had been killed in a slaughterhouse. Four hours after their deaths the arteries of the pig brains were hooked up to a sophisticated system dubbed BrainEx, which pumped an oxygenated synthetic blood through the organ. This fluid contained a host of nutrients as well as other substances to tackle processes that lead to cell death, and the circulation was continued for six hours. 曾有多份研究指出，在血液停止循環後，大腦細胞可能不會必然死亡。在期刊《自然》這次刊出的報告中，美國的研究人員解釋他們如何藉由三十二頭豬在屠宰廠被宰殺後留下的大腦，試圖進一步檢驗這個現象。在豬隻死亡四個小時後，豬的大腦動脈被接上一個稱為「BrainEx」的複雜系統，它會把加入氧氣的人工合成血液灌注到器官中。液體內含有許多營養物和其他物質，能夠阻撓導致細胞死亡的過程，並在大腦中持續循環六個小時。 At that point, the team found the circulating fluid successfully flowed through blood vessels in the brain, including tiny capillaries, and that the blood vessels were able to dilate in response to a drug, while the brain as a whole consumed oxygen and glucose from the fluid and released carbon dioxide back into it at similar rates to an intact brain. 此時，研究團隊發現循環的液體順利流經大腦中的血管──包括極細的微血管──而血管也能夠對某種藥物產生擴張反應，大腦整體則會消耗液體中的氧氣和葡萄糖，並釋出二氧化碳回到液體中，速率近似於正常大腦。 What is more, the cells showed certain functions, including the release of various immune-response substances when triggered. After tissues were removed from the brains and flushed of the BrainEx fluid the researchers found individual neurons were still able to function. 此外，細胞更開始出現某些功能，例如在受到刺激時會釋放出多種免疫反應物質。研究人員移除部分腦組織、並且沖洗掉「BrainEx」液體後，發現單獨的神經元仍然能夠運作。 The team said that while the BrainEx fluid was circulating, they monitored the brains to check for any signs of organized electrical activity that might suggest consciousness. “That monitoring didn't show any kind of organized global electrical activity,” said Dr Stephen Latham, a bioethicist and co-author of the study. 研究團隊表示，當「BrainEx」液體正在循環時，他們有偵測大腦，檢查是否有任何可能代表意識的組織性帶電活動跡象。生物倫理學家史蒂芬‧拉譚姆博士是這份研究的共同作者，他指出：「監測過程中並未顯示出任何組織性的整體帶電活動」。 But, he said, the team had been ready for signs of consciousness. “Had that appeared they would have lowered the temperature of the brain and used anesthesia to stop that kind of activity,” said Latham, adding that at present there are no ethics committees set up for such an eventuality, and it remained unclear in any case if the technique could ever restore consciousness. 不過，他也表示，研究團隊已做好準備，面對隨時出現意識的徵兆。拉譚姆博士說：「如果有類似跡象出現，研究人員就會降低腦部溫度，並且用麻醉藥物阻止這類活動。」但他也補充說，目前並沒有為這種可能性成立任何倫理委員會，而且無論如何，該技術是否能夠恢復意識仍然在未定之天。 The team said the approach could provide a new way to study the brain, and even help in the development and testing of new therapies for stroke and other conditions in which bloodflow to parts of the brain is blocked, causing cells to die. 研究團隊表示，這個方法可望提供新的大腦研究方式，甚至有助於開發和測試新療法，治療中風和其他因為大腦部分血流受阻而導致細胞死亡的相關疾病。 Source article: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2019/04/28/2003714163/2

Season 4Ep 18Reanimation Who shall conceive the horrors of my secret toil, as I dabbled among the unhallowed damps of the grave, or tortured the living animal to animate the lifeless clay?- Dr. Victor Frankenstein     From mummies to zombies to the creature himself, Frankenstein's monster, the tales of reanimating the dead span thousands of years.  For many people Mary Shelly's Frankenstein is or was their introduction to the subject of reanimation. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is a cautionary tale about the abuses of science — in particular, the potential pitfalls of screwing around with corpses and lightning. If you're not familiar with the story of Frankenstein then see yourself the hell out right now. Are they gone? Good fuck em. If there are any untrustworthy folks left that are still here even though they don't know the story, here's a recap. The actual title, which most of you probably don't know, is "Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus''. Shelly began writing the story when she was 18. The first edition was published anonymously in 1818 when she was 20. It began as a short story that unfolded into a novel. Although later versions of the tale popularly have the creature (he is referred to as the Creature, and as we all should know, the creature isn't Frankenstein) he’s essentially sewn together from various bodies parts and reanimated during a science experiment using lightning, this is not how the creature was originally written and conceived. In the original novel the creature was also not a big dumb lumbering idiot as he is usually portrayed. In Shelley's original work, Victor Frankenstein discovers a previously unknown but elemental principle of life, and that insight allows him to develop a method to imbue vitality into inanimate matter, though the exact nature of the process is left largely ambiguous. After a great deal of hesitation in exercising this power, Frankenstein (that’s the doctor for you slower passengers) spends two years painstakingly constructing the creature's proportionally large body (one anatomical feature at a time, from raw materials supplied by "the dissecting room and the slaughter-house"), which he then brings to life using his unspecified process. All of that aside, and all the differences and nuances aside, the idea is the same, the goal of reanimation of dead or inanimate things. While Shelly may have written an early example of the concept, process, and consequences of reanimation, she was not the first to think of this concept. There were scientists and thinkers earlier than her dreaming up ideas of reanimating animals and even humans. Science behind reanimation Okay Jeff, bear with us here, it's gonna get a little nerdy from time to time. You've all heard the old saying, there's nothing sure in life but death and taxes, but what if death wasn’t such a sure thing? Scientists have been attempting to restore life to the dead for hundreds of years. People have used water, electricity, chemicals and other things to try and reanimate dead animals and people.        A basic example of reanimation using water could be that of the ever popular sea monkey! Sea monkeys are actually brine shrimp. Their dried eggs, sold in pet stores, contain embryos that will revive when put in salt water, hatch, swim about, grow to be a quarter-inch long and make good fish food. Another example is the tardigrade. It is so small -- the size of a sand grain -- that most people are unaware of its existence, yet several times a year it performs one of the most astonishing feats known to science. When there has been no rain for a long time and its habitat dries out, the little animal's body loses its own water, shriveling and curling into a wrinkled kernel. Without water, the animal plunges into a profound state of suspended animation. The creature stops eating or crawling. It does not breathe. Its internal organs shut down, no longer digesting food or sending signals through its nervous system. Even metabolic processes inside cells shut down -- the usually busy genes going dormant and the enzymes that normally carry out thousands of biochemical reactions every second cease to function. Its body dries to a crisp. So profound is the loss of activity that, according to a common textbook definition of life, which says metabolism is a hallmark of life, the little animal is… dead. And yet, after days or even months, if moisture returns, the animal soaks up the water and resumes all normal activities. The creature is informally called a water bear or, more formally, a tardigrade, which means "slow walker." On the evolutionary tree, it lies between worms and insects, one of the many small but remarkable life forms on Earth known almost solely to those who study biology. So there is one issue with these guys and others like them. There's an argument on whether they are truly being reanimated or if there is just some weird sort of hibernation going on. The chief hallmark of life, textbooks often say, is metabolism, the sum of all genetic and enzymatic processes that go on inside cells and in interactions among cells. If one accepts that definition, then an organism in suspended animation is not alive. That conclusion, however, raises a semantic problem because if it is not alive, it is dead. If so and if it revives, then life has been created, a phenomenon that would violate a cardinal principle of biology -- that complex life forms cannot be spontaneously generated but only come from living parents. To avoid this logical trap, the few biologists who have studied the phenomenon generally refer to it as cryptobiosis, meaning "hidden life." So strong, however, was the metabolism-centered view of life that until recently most biologists suspected that cryptobiotic organisms were not totally inactive. They argued that enough water remained inside the animals to permit metabolism to continue at a rate too slow to be detected. After all, they knew some higher animals can reduce their metabolic rates by hibernating in winter, and others enter a state of even lower metabolism, called estivation, that allows them to endure dry, summer heat. Cryptobiotic animals, many researchers suspected, were simply extending a familiar capacity to a previously unknown extreme. Recently, however, scientists have established that, although even the driest organisms retain a few water molecules, they constitute only a small fraction of the minimum needed for metabolism. For example, most of the workhorse molecules of metabolism, proteins, must be awakened in water to assume the shape essential to their functions as enzymes. Tardigrades and nematodes, like most animals, are normally 80 percent to 90 percent water. In the cryptobiotic state, the organisms contain only about 3 percent to 5 percent water. Under laboratory conditions, the water content of some has been reduced to 0.05 percent, and they were revived. Most authorities now agree that no metabolism occurs during cryptobiosis. The term no longer means "a hidden form of ordinary life" but rather "a state of being in which the active processes of life are temporarily suspended." In the cryptobiotic state, all that remains of a living organism is its structural integrity. A dry animal may be shrunken, but it maintains all connections that keep together the structures of its cells. In other words, biologists now hold, molecules hooked together in a certain way will metabolize if given water. Life is not the result of some mystical animating force that inhabits proteins or the nucleic acids that make up DNA. It is the structural arrangement of certain molecules that will behave chemically in specific ways in the presence of water. So what does that all mean? Fuck if we know. But essentially it seems that in these tiny organisms, if the law of the land is followed to a T, then it seems they are dead, dried, shriveled up things with no metabolisms, thus no life, that can actually be reanimated with water. Interesting indeed. There's a ton more cool info on this in an article from the Washington Post titled "Just Add Water" from 1996 that this information was taken from. If you're really into the science behind this stuff we definitely recommend this article!  Electricity Now if one were to think that Frankenstein, despite being an early foray into the world of reanimation, was possibly influenced by real world attempts at the same result, one would be correct. In the late 18th century many doctors and scientists began toying with dead things and electricity. In 1780, Italian anatomy professor Luigi Galvani discovered that he could make the muscles of a dead frog twitch and jerk with sparks of electricity. Others quickly began to experiment by applying electricity to other animals that quickly grew morbid. Galvani’s nephew, physicist Giovanni Aldini, obtained the body of an ox, proceeding to cut off the head and use electricity to twist its tongue. He sent such high levels of voltage through the diaphragm of the ox that it resulted in “a very strong action on the rectum, which even produced an expulsion of the feces,” Aldini wrote.     People outside of science were also fascinated by electricity. They would attend shows where bullheads and pigs were electrified, and watch public dissections at research institutions such as the Company of Surgeons in England, which later became the Royal College of Surgeons. When scientists tired of testing animals, they turned to corpses, particularly corpses of murderers. In 1751, England passed the Murder Act, which allowed the bodies of executed murderers to be used for experimentation. “The reasons the Murder Act came about were twofold: there weren’t enough bodies for anatomists, and it was seen as a further punishment for the murderer,” says Juliet Burba,  chief curator of an exhibit called “Mary and Her Monster” at the Bakken Museum in Minnesota. “It was considered additional punishment to have your body dissected.” On November 4, 1818, Scottish chemist Andrew Ure stood next to the lifeless corpse of an executed murderer, the man hanging by his neck at the gallows only minutes before. He was performing an anatomical research demonstration for a theater filled with curious students, anatomists, and doctors at the University of Glasgow. But this was no ordinary cadaver dissection. Ure held two metallic rods charged by a 270-plate voltaic battery to various nerves and watched in delight as the body convulsed, writhed, and shuddered in a grotesque dance of death. “When the one rod was applied to the slight incision in the tip of the forefinger,” Ure later described to the Glasgow Literary Society, “the fist being previously clenched, that finger extended instantly; and from the convulsive agitation of the arm, he seemed to point to the different spectators, some of whom thought he had come to life.” Ure is one of many scientists during the late 18th and 19th centuries who conducted crude experiments with galvanism—the stimulation of muscles with pulses of electrical current. The bright sparks and loud explosions made for stunning effects that lured in both scientists and artists, with this era of reanimation serving as inspiration for Mary Shelley’s literary masterpiece, Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. While most scientists were using galvanism to search for clues about life, Ure wanted to see if it could actually bring someone back from the dead. “This was a time when people were trying to understand the origin of life, when religion was losing some of its hold,” says Burba. “There was a lot of interest in the question: What is the essence that animates life? Could it be electricity?” Lying on Ure’s table was the muscular, athletic corpse of 35-year-old coal miner, Matthew Clydesdale. In August 1818, Clydesdale drunkenly murdered an 80-year-old miner with a coal pick and was sentenced to be hanged at the gallows. His body remained suspended and limp for nearly an hour, while a thief who had been executed next to Clydesdale at the same time convulsed violently for several moments after death. The blood was drained from the body for half an hour before the experiments began.Andrew Ure, who had little to no known experience with electricity, was a mere assistant to James Jeffray, an anatomy professor at the University of Glasgow. He had studied medicine at Glasgow University and served briefly as an army surgeon, but was otherwise known for teaching chemistry. “Not much is known about Ure, but he was sort of a minor figure in the history of science,” says Alex Boese, author of Elephants on Acid: And Other Bizarre Experiments. One of Ure’s main accomplishments was this single bizarre galvanic experiment, he says.   Others, such as Aldini, conducted similar experiments, but scholars write that Ure was convinced that electricity could restore life back into the dead. “While Aldini contented himself with the role of spasmodic puppeteer, Ure’s ambitions were well nigh Frankesteinian,” wrote Ulf Houe in Studies in Romanticism. Ure charged the battery with dilute nitric and sulphuric acids five minutes before the police delivered the body to the University of Glasgow’s anatomical theater. Incisions were made at the neck, hip, and heels, exposing different nerves that were jolted with the metallic rods. When Ure sent charges through Clydesdale’s diaphragm and saw his chest heave and fall, he wrote that “the success of it was truly wonderful.”Ure’s descriptions of the experiment are vivid. He poetically noted how the convulsive movements resembled “a violent shuddering from cold” and how the fingers “moved nimbly, like those of a violin performer.” Other passages, like this one about stimulating muscles in Clydesdale’s forehead and brow, are more macabre: “Every muscle in his countenance was simultaneously thrown into fearful action; rage, horror, despair, anguish, and ghastly smiles, united their hideous expression in the murderer’s face, surpassing far the wildest representations of a Fuseli or a Kean,” wrote Ure, comparing the result to the visage of tragic actor, Edmund Kean, and the fantastical works of romantic painter Henry Fuseli. He continued: “At this period several of the spectators were forced to leave the apartment from terror or sickness, and one gentleman fainted.” The whole experiment lasted about an hour. “Both Jeffray and Ure were quite deliberately intent on the restoration of life,” wrote F.L.M. Pattinson in the Scottish Medical Journal. But the reasons for the lack of success were thought to have little to do with the method: Ure concluded that if death was not caused by bodily injury there was a probability that life could have been restored. But, if the experiment succeeded it wouldn’t have been celebrated since he would be reviving a murderer, he wrote. Ure is just one of many scientists and doctors at this time experimenting with reanimation. We’ll discuss some others in a bit. In modern times a case can be made that we reanimate people all the time. Without getting into semantics of clinical death versus biological death versus this versus that blah blah, we can look to the use of a defibrillator as a basic use of electricity to revive a person who is technically dead. Would that not be reanimation? There are arguments being made and in  discussions about reanimation it seems like this usually comes up. Then there is a giant sciencey biology fight and much ink is spilled and pocket protectors destroyed and still no consensus.. so we'll spare you the agony of those arguments.  Electricity seems to be the most popular medium in historical attempts at resurrection, mostly because of its effects on muscles and the ability to move body parts after death. These days we know that this is simply a reflex action due to the stimulation of the muscles and nerves and has nothing to really do with reanimation so to speak. CHEMICAL So what about using chemicals? Can chemicals reanimate cells and bring the dead back to life? Well according to many zombie movies yes, but according to a Yale university study...also yes. Yale neuroscientist Nenad Sestan revealed that his team has successfully reanimated the brains of dead pigs recovered from a slaughterhouse. By pumping them with artificial blood using a system called BrainEx, they were able to bring them back to “life” for up to 36 hours. Also you heard that right… The call it fucking BrainEx. If that doesn't Scream B horror movie..I don't know what does. Admittedly, the pigs’ brains did not regain consciousness, but Sestan acknowledged that restoring awareness is a possibility. Crucially, he also disclosed that the technique could work on primate brains (which includes humans), and that the brains could be kept alive indefinitely. This is interesting because it raises some interesting questions. If consciousness could be restored to the brain if a human… Would it be worth it. What would it be like to just be a brain?  Even if your conscious brain were kept alive after your body had died, you would have to spend the foreseeable future as a disembodied “brain in a bucket”, locked away inside your own mind without access to the senses that allow us to experience and interact with the world and the inputs that our brains so crave. The knowledge and technology needed to implant your brain into a new body may be decades, if not centuries, away. So in the best case scenario, you would be spending your life with only your own thoughts for company. Some have argued that even with a fully functional body, immortality would be tedious. With absolutely no contact with external reality, it might just be a living hell.  According to some, it is impossible for a disembodied brain to house anything like a normal human mind. Antonio Damasio, a philosopher and neuroscientist, has pointed out that in ordinary humans, brain and body are in constant interaction with each other. Every muscle, nerve, joint and organ is connected to the brain – and vast numbers of chemical and electrical signals go back and forth between them each and every second. Without this constant “feedback loop” between brain and body, Damasio argues, ordinary experiences and thought are simply not possible. So what would it be like to be a disembodied brain? The truth is, nobody knows. But it is probable it would be worse than being simply tedious – it would likely be deeply disturbing. Experts have already warned that a man reportedly due to have the world’s first head transplant could suffer a terrible fate. They say his brain will be overwhelmed by the unfamiliar chemical and electrical signals sent to it by his new body, and it could send him mad. A disembodied brain would be likely to react similarly – but because it would be unable to signal its distress, or do anything to bring its suffering to an end, it would be even worse. So, to end up as a reanimated disembodied human brain may well be to suffer a fate worse than death. Now maybe if you had a body things wouldn't be so bad, but as stated earlier many think that it would be extremely tedious to live forever if it was possible. None of us expected to make it this long… Fuck living forever.  Another player in the chemical game actually is a mix of chemical and biological attempts at reanimating recently dead brains.  The company Bioquark, plans to initiate a study to see if a combination of stem cell and protein blend injections, electrical nerve stimulation, and laser therapy can reverse the effects of recent brain death. They're literally trying to bring people back from the dead. "It's our contention that there's no single magic bullet for this, so to start with a single magic bullet makes no sense. Hence why we have to take a different approach," Bioquark CEO, Ira Pastor, told Stat News. As Pastor told the Washington Post last year, he doesn't believe that brain death is necessarily a permanent condition, at least to start. It may well be curable, he argued, if the patient is administered the right combination of stimuli, ranging from stem cells to magnetic fields. The resuscitation process will not be a quick one, however. First, the newly dead person must receive an injection of stem cells derived from their own blood. Then doctors will inject a proprietary peptide blend called BQ-A into the patient's spinal column. This serum is supposed to help regrow neurons that had been damaged upon death. Finally, the patient undergoes 15 days of electrical nerve stimulation and transcranial laser therapy to instigate new neuron formation. During the trial, researchers will rely on EEG scans to monitor the patients for brain activity. Sometimes the dead come back on their own! Lazarus syndrome is the spontaneous return of a birthday cardiac rhythm after failed attempts at resuscitation. Its occurrence has been noted in medical literature at least 38 times since 1982. It takes its name from Lazarus who, as described in the New Testament, was raised from the dead by Jesus. Basically this occurs after a person has died and attempts to revive then using cpr or other means have failed and since time will pass and the heart will start back up on its own! The causes of this syndrome are not understood very well. With some hypotheticals being there build up of pressure on the chest following cpr, hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels in the blood), or high doses of epinephrine. Some of these cases are pretty crazy. Is this spontaneous biological reanimation? Heres a few tales:  A 66-year-old man suffering from a suspected abdominal aneurysm suffered cardiac arrest and received chest compressions and defibrillation shocks for 17 minutes during treatment for his condition. Vital signs did not return; the patient was declared dead and resuscitation efforts ended. Ten minutes later, the surgeon felt a pulse. The aneurysm was successfully treated, and the patient fully recovered with no lasting physical or neurological problems.According to a 2002 article in the journal Forensic Science International, a 65-year-old prelingually deaf Japanese man was found unconscious in the foster home he lived in. CPR was attempted on the scene by home staff, emergency medical personnel and also in the emergency department of the hospital and included appropriate medications and defibrillation. He was declared dead after attempted resuscitation. However, a policeman found the person moving in the mortuary after 20 minutes. The patient survived for 4 more days.A 45-year-old woman in Colombia was pronounced dead, as there were no vital signs showing she was alive. Later, a funeral worker noticed the woman moving and alerted his co-worker that the woman should go back to the hospitalA 65-year-old man in Malaysia came back to life two-and-a-half hours after doctors at Seberang Jaya Hospital, Penang, pronounced him dead. He died three weeks later.Anthony Yahle, 37, in Bellbrook, Ohio, USA, was breathing abnormally at 4 a.m. on 5 August 2013, and could not be woken. After finding that Yahle had no pulse, first responders administered CPR and were able to retrieve a stable-enough heartbeat to transport him to the emergency room. Later that afternoon, he again suffered cardiac arrest for 45 minutes at Kettering Medical Center and was pronounced dead after all efforts to resuscitate him failed. When his son arrived at the hospital to visit his supposed-to-be deceased father, he noticed a heartbeat on the monitor that was still attached to his father. Resuscitation efforts were resumed, and Yahle was successfully revived.Walter Williams, 78, from Lexington, Mississippi, United States, was at home when his hospice nurse called a coroner who arrived and declared him dead at 9 p.m. on 26 February 2014. Once at a funeral home, he was found to be moving, possibly resuscitated by a defibrillator implanted in his chest.[11] The next day he was well enough to be talking with family, but died fifteen days later.And probably the craziest one: Velma Thomas, 59, of West Virginia, USA holds the record time for recovering from clinical death. In May 2008, Thomas went into cardiac arrest at her home. Medics were able to establish a faint pulse after eight minutes of CPR. Her heart stopped twice after arriving at the hospital and she was placed on life support. Doctors attempted to lower her body temperature to prevent additional brain injury. She was declared clinically dead for 17 hours after doctors failed to detect brain activity. Her son, Tim Thomas, stated that "her skin had already started hardening, her hands and toes were curling up, they were already drawn". She was taken off life support and funeral arrangements were in progress. However, ten minutes after being taken off life support, she revived and recovered. Again… Spontaneous biological reanimation? Who knows! So these are some of the concepts of reanimation. Let's talk about a couple people that were into the reanimation game: Lazzaro SpallanzaniSpallanzani was a Catholic priest, and a professor of natural history at Pavia University in the late 1700s. He started small, adding water to microscopic animals and announcing that he had managed a resurrection when they came to life. But he wasn't really satisfied. For some reason, Spallanzani turned for spiritual guidance to noted French cynic and atheist Voltaire. Spallanzani asked him what he thought happened to the souls of animals after death. Voltaire must have liked the guy, because he replied gently that he believed Spallanzani about the reanimation, and that the priest himself would be best qualified to answer the question. Although the priest's next trick was cutting the heads off snails to see if they'd grow back, he was definitely the least mad of the mad scientists. He was the first person to prove that chemicals inside the body helped with digestion, and was the first to spot white blood cells Andrew CrosseAndrew Crosse was messing around with lightning in 1837. He strung about a third of a mile of copper wire around his estate, and concentrated all the electricity it picked up in his laboratory. Specifically, he focused on a sterile dish of a primordial soup that he'd carefully prepared. After zapping the soup, he noticed that crystals were growing in it. Hoping he could graduate to something way cooler, he tried giving the soup long exposures to weak currents. To his amazement, he found that after long weeks, animals shaped like mites began to form, and then move around. He repeated the experiment again and again, and to modern readers it seems that he kept the environment pretty sterile if he followed all the procedures he described. Still, we have to assume it was contaminated. The Victorians assumed the same thing, but they also assumed that Crosse was a jerk. The scientists believed he was making a play for false glory. The theists assumed he was trying to play god. The neighbors just thought he was going to burn his, and subsequently their, house down. He was disliked by all and had to leave his estate, until the scandal cleared. Johann DippelThis was the actual guy who inspired the Frankenstein legend. He lived in the Frankenstein castle, and signed his name as Frankenstein. Surprisingly, he was less like the good doctor than most people think, since he was more interested in preserving life than reanimating it. He did rob graves in the area — or is said to have — but only because he wanted to mix up an elixir of immortality, and for some reason he thought buried corpse parts might do it for himMyThe Doggie ScientistsIn the first half of the 20th century, it was not a good time to be a dog. People were apt to, say, stick you in a tin can and send you into space. But at least, that way, you got to see something. You really didn't want to be in range of the doggie Frankensteins. Robert Cornish would suffocate dogs and attempt to bring them back to life via emergency medical measures. He actually managed to bring two back, although they sustained brain damage. Sergei Bryukhonenko attached his newly-invented heart and lung machine to a dog's head and kept it alive for quite some time, lying on a plate and eating and drinking. Giovanni AldiniNow this was a Frankenstein extraordinaire that we mentioned earlier. Having learned about how to use electricity to make the muscles of a corpse jump, he took it to the extreme in public. He zapped the heads of slaughtered oxen, in order to get them to twitch in front of audiences. He moved on to the heads of executed prisoners, applying the electrodes to the ears. He cut open corpses so he could zap their spinal cords. He claimed he could zap the suffocated and the drowned, in order to revive them completely. And he bragged that he could "command the vital powers." He also took a sideline into researching whether or not there was a way to make objects and people fireproof. Not much is said about his experiments in the latter area — but perhaps that's for the best. His tireless self-promotion never got him the chance to bring someone back to life, but it got him plenty of attention. He eventually traveled to Austria, where he was made a knight, and awarded a political position. Unlike many of the scientists on this list — and certainly unlike Frankenstein himself — Aldini died a rich and happy man. JAMES LOVELOCKIn the 1950s, the field of cryobiology was so new, it didn't even have a name yet, so budding cryobiologists didn't always have the exact tools they needed for a particular procedure. James Lovelock was one such scientist, and he outlined a method to bring rodents back to life.Lovelock's procedure involved putting a rat in a bath at minus 5 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes. After the rat was good and frozen, Lovelock would attempt to bring it back to life. Back then there weren't fancy lab tools like rat heart defibrillators, so Lovelock brought the rats' hearts back with a warm spoon.By restarting the heart, and gradually warming the body, Lovelock brought the mice back to life. Although we can't say that's what the mice would have wanted. One quick sidebar, is there a difference between resurrection and reanimation? The short answer is yes. As verbs the difference between resurrect and reanimate is that resurrect is to raise from the dead, to bring life back to while reanimate is to animate anew; to restore to animation or life; to infuse new life, vigor, spirit, or courage into; to revive; to reinvigorate; as, to reanimate a drowned person; to reanimate disheartened troops; to reanimate languid spirits. As an adjective reanimate is being animated again. Looking into it more than this leads to an exhaustive ordeal involving many many religious websites trying to explain why Jesus is not a zombie. Which is as ridiculous and hilarious as it sounds and is definitely recommended reading.  The subject of reanimation brings up many different facets of not only biology and chemistry but ethics as well. There are lines that are not meant to crossed, is this one? Would you want to be brought back from the dead? The lines between reanimation, resuscitation, and resurrection seem to be thin and sometimes vague. That's why there are such different topics being discussed in this episode.  Either way it's a hell of a trip!Now with all that being said we are bringing back an old favorite! We are talking top ten movies baby! Today is obviously the top ten movies about reanimation! This list is home to a wide variety of movies that some may consider reanimation related and some may not. But they all involved people coming back in some form.https://www.imdb.com/search/keyword/?keywords=reanimation Here's a top 8 list that's much better https://www.google.com/amp/s/io9.gizmodo.com/8-movies-featuring-reanimation-that-arent-about-zombie-1833752947/amp The Midnight Train Podcast is sponsored by VOUDOUX VODKA.www.voudoux.com Ace’s Depothttp://www.aces-depot.com BECOME A PRODUCER!http://www.patreon.com/themidnighttrainpodcast Find The Midnight Train Podcast:www.themidnighttrainpodcast.comwww.facebook.com/themidnighttrainpodcastwww.twitter.com/themidnighttrainpcwww.instagram.com/themidnighttrainpodcastwww.discord.com/themidnighttrainpodcastwww.tiktok.com/themidnighttrainp And wherever you listen to your favorite podcasts. Subscribe to our official YouTube channel:OUR YOUTUBE

Sex doll sales are through the roof, scientists are reanimating pig brains, and children are running amok in Sydney's casinos. Plus, is there a scam so heinous even Andrew won't endorse it? Find out, in this week's episode of this podcast. *** Support our show and get exclusive bonus episodes by subscribing on Patreon: www.patreon.com/BoontaVista *** Email the show at mailbag@boontavista.com! Call in and leave us a question or a message on 1800-317-515 to be answered on the show! *** Twitter: twitter.com/boontavista Website: boontavista.com Merchandise: boontavista.com/merchandise Twitch: twitch.tv/boontavista

This week Dave (https://twitter.com/davidegts) and Gunnar (http://atechnologyjobisnoexcuse.com/about) talk about reviving pig brains from the dead, making human-monkey chimeras, and whether we should be doing either Dave wears makeup (https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:6585135922847760384/) See Dave w/makeup on the IBM Government Cloud Virtual Summit Agenda - Special Hybrid Cloud Edition (https://www.ibm.com/cloud/government/virtualsummitagenda) Concepts (https://concepts.app/en/) This War of Mine (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_War_of_Mine) The Great Courses (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Courses) at Gunnar's library! Viewer mail: John Scott (https://twitter.com/johnmscott) writes on LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn%3Ali%3Aactivity%3A6568144945134264321/) “The Chinese tried to do the same thing via Red Flag Linux (https://lnkd.in/ev_aKQd) - it didn't work. I would bet this (https://www.itweb.co.za/content/RgeVDMPolnd7KJN3) won't either, just way too much embedded IP in Android. + the Chinese way will be to blatantly rip off parts of the Android code base, meaning that down stream companies could be sued for IP violation by Google and others. Gunnar Hellekson David Egts might have some thoughts…” Follow up from D&G 165 (https://dgshow.org/165)… BrainEx: Scientists Are Giving Dead Brains New Life. What Could Go Wrong? (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/02/magazine/dead-pig-brains-reanimation.html) See also: Part-revived pig brains raise slew of ethical quandaries (https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01168-9) 'It just really ethically scares me': Caution urged as scientists look to create human-monkey chimeras (https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/it-just-really-ethically-scares-me-caution-urged-as-scientists-look-to-create-human-monkey-chimeras) Palate cleanser: This Robot Fish Powers Itself With Fake Blood (https://www.wired.com/story/this-robot-fish-powers-itself-with-fake-blood/) Cutting Room Floor * Police warn against using gun-shaped cellphone cases after traffic stop encounter; cases are banned in Chicago (https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/breaking/ct-met-gun-shaped-cell-phone-case-police-20190605-story.html) * Honestly, a Video Game That Strands You On a Boring Six-Hour Flight Is Just What I Need Right Now (https://gizmodo.com/honestly-a-video-game-that-strands-you-on-a-boring-six-1839717598) We Give Thanks * John Scott (https://twitter.com/johnmscott) * The D&G Show Slack Clubhouse for the discussion topics!

Today it is generally agreed that absolute death for humans comes only when the brain has irreversibly ceased to function. However, a remarkable paper authored by a team of neuroscientist from Yale School of Medicine and published in April 2019, has reignited the debate over just what is and what isn’t irreversible. Could what appears to be a dead brain, in fact still remain one with potential to regain consciousness? Go to @unexplainedpod, facebook.com/unexplainedpodcast or unexplainedpodcast.com for more info. Thank you for listening.

Synopsis: This week on "Learn Me Something," Aaron and Rich delve into emerging science behind restoring cellular activity in dead pig brains, with special guest Sage Murray of the Occultae Veritatis podcast. Make sure to signup for Audible today to get your FREE audio book and 30-day trial. Please support our podcast by making a sustaining monthly donation. Please also check out our GoFundMe campaign as we're trying to raise enough money to help cover our studio build costs. Duration: 45:39:00 Present: Aaron Stewart, Rich Plumb, Sage Murray Episode Links Restoration of brain circulation and cellular functions hours post-mortem Brain Restoration System Explores Hazy Territory between Being Dead or Alive Part-Revived Pig Brains Raise Slew of Ethical Quandaries Follow your hosts, guests, and the show on Twitter @LMSPodcast on Twitter Learn Me Something on Facebook @HologramRadio for updates on other interesting podcasts Sage Murray of Occultae Veritatis podcast Subscribe to Learn Me Something! Get Learn Me Something on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, TuneIn, RadioPublic, or via RSS.  

Game of Thrones Argument @1:39 - @8:58 Follow-up: Gallop data - 70% to 50% since 1999 @10:45 Measles update: Current number: 626 @11:53 WA state senate passes bill @13:17 New measles rule in NY @13:32 We start with Sri Lanka @14:10 Trump Updates: Full report annotated by WP @18:22 McGahn alone should be cause for impeachment @21:23 Trump sues @21:33 Barr lies @25:49 Sanders lied @29:25 Dems divided @34:18 National News: Dems on Climate Change @51:47 SCOTUS to rule on FUCT clothes line @52:45 State News: Rewire update on blitz laws @56:16 TN - Constitutional amendment to reference almighty god @57:21 WA - The Genesis II Church of Health and Healing @1:02:11 World News: Taiwan presidential hopeful running because Mazu said he should @1:04:30 Final story: BrainEx @1:06:50 NY S'quatch callers @1:10:38

过去，人们一致认为：脑死亡，即宣告着生命活动的终结，这个观点在医学界和法律界也盛行已久。然而，Nature封面文章发表了一项颠覆人们认知的研究结果——猪大脑在死亡4小时后复活了，并维持了至少6小时！实验使用的辅助系统名为BrainEx，是一套类似透析机一样的体外人工循环程序，将实验溶液泵入大脑。但是这项研究也掀起了一波道德伦理的舆论浪潮。

Nathan, Mike, and Mahler tackle BrainEx, fundamentalist brain damage, cloud forests, the blob, the boy, the Progressive Caucus, ethical concerns, the Three Stooges of John Bolton, Trump’s malicious veto, Billy Barr’s dog and pony show, and more.

The horror of the blazing Notre-Dame cathedral in Paris has been slightly quenched by the fact that so much of the French landmark has been saved. But what was it about the structure of the roof, with some the beams dating from the 13th century, that meant it burned like a well-stacked bonfire? Guillermo Rein is Professor of Fire Science at Imperial College London , and he explains to Adam Rutherford how wood burns and how it was the intricate mixture of large and small beams, and very poor fire protection measures that made the iconic roof, so vulnerable. An experiment to see whether isolated dead pig brains could be preserved at the cellular level in order to study post mortem brains, had a surprising outcome. The BrainEx technology of perfusing the brains with chemicals that should have just halted the rapid degradation of cellular structure in the brain, that occurs soon after death, actually caused them to start firing neurons, reacting to drugs and generally behaving as if they were alive. Although, it has to be stressed, there was no whole-brain connectivity or consciousness achieved, it does raise ethical questions about death, if this method was to be developed for use in humans. Bioethicist at Kings College London, Silvia Camporesi explores the facts that reveal that death is a process rather than a single event and what this might mean for patients that are diagnosed as brain dead. Where is the Martian methane? This is the question Mannish Patel at the Open University has been left pondering after the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter came up empty handed in detecting the gas on Mars. Methane could be a signature of past of present life on the Red Planet, it's been measured by NASA's Curiosity rover and by telescopes on Earth, but the far more sensitive and specialised TGO has so far failed to detect the gas. It could be because methane levels in the thin Martian atmosphere is a seasonal event, we'll just have to ait for an entire Martian year of surveys to be able to solve this mystery. Our faces are incredibly important in our lives, we feed through them, they are the conduit for our sensory interaction with the universe, via smell, hearing and vision; we speak, and we convey the subtlest emotions with a raised eyebrow, a wry smile, a clenched jaw or eyes wide open. It is the central importance of these features that has meant we’ve been intensively studying the evolution of the face for decades, to work out why we look the way we do, and how much of our looks reflects adaptations that enhanced our survival, and how much is just down to quirks of evolution. Anatomist, Paul O’Higgins from York University is interested in how all that has influenced our faces. Producer: Fiona Roberts

US-based researchers have successfully kept alive the brain cells of decapitated pigs for 36 hours, sparking concerns over the ethics involved in such frontline research. The researchers said they had succeeded in delivering oxygen to the cells via a system of pumps and blood maintained at body temperature. The key question being that if a brain is revived in this way, would a human being involved have any memories, an identity and rights? Jeff and Anthony request that you please just let them die. GET BONUS EPISODES, VIDEO HANGOUTS AND MORE. VISIT: http://patreon.com/wehaveconcerns Get all your sweet We Have Concerns merch by swinging by http://wehaveconcerns.com/shop Hey! If you’re enjoying the show, please take a moment to rate/review it on whatever service you use to listen. Here’s the iTunes link: http://bit.ly/wehaveconcerns And here’s the Stitcher link: http://bit.ly/stitcherwhconcerns Or, you can send us mail! Our address: We Have Concerns c/o WORLD CRIME LEAGUE 1920 Hillhurst Ave #425 Los Angeles, CA 90027-2706 Jeff on Twitter: http://twitter.com/jeffcannata Anthony on Twitter: http://twitter.com/acarboni Today’s story was sent in by HuskyCaucasian via Reddit: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2018-04-scientists-pigs-brains-alive-hours.html If you’ve seen a story you think belongs on the show, send it to wehaveconcernsshow@gmail.com, post in on our Facebook Group https://www.facebook.com/groups/WeHaveConcerns/ or leave it on the subreddit: http://reddit.com/r/wehaveconcerns

Brain Injury Expert and ABI Wellness CEO Mark Watson sits down with Barbara Arrowsmith-Young. She is an author and the founder of world renowned cognitive remediation programs, the BrainEx and Arrowsmith Programs, as well as Arrowsmith Schools. She shares her story, what led to her innovation, her wish for the future of brain health, and books that changed her life.