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I have had the honor and pleasure to have on the Unstoppable Mindset podcast many healers, thought leaders and practical intelligent people who have generously given their time and insights to all of you and me during this podcast. This episode, our guest Kay Hutchinson adds a great deal to the knowledge base we all have gained from our other guests. Kay's childhood was interesting in that she is half Japanese and half African American. This race mixture provided Kay with many life challenges. However, her parents taught her much about life and understanding so she was able to work through the many times where people treated her in less than an equal manner. Also, Kay being the child of a military father had the opportunity to live in both the United States and Japan. She gained from this experience a great deal of knowledge and experience about life that she willingly shares with us.   After college Kay went into teaching. Just wait until you hear what class she first had to teach, but she persevered. Through all her life she has felt she could assist people in healing others as you will hear. After teaching for a few years, she decided to make energy healing a full-time profession.   Along the way she fell in love and married. Unfortunately, as she will tell us, she discovered that her husband exhibited extreme narcissistic behaviors which eventually lead to a divorce. I leave it to Kay to tell the story.   Kay offers some pretty great insights and lessons we all can use to center ourselves. I very much hope you like what she has to say.       About the Guest:   Imagine the exhaustion, anxiety and utter soul depletion that results when you are in a narcissistic relationship.  Then, imagine being told that you have to go through years of counseling and perhaps even take anti-depressants to begin reclaiming your identity, health, emotional and financial stability, and restore your ability to experience God' joyousness. That's the journey that Kay Hutchinson was on in 2019 when she divorced a narcissist who dragged her through a nearly year-long court battle that almost destroyed her 15-year energy medicine practice where she specialized in helping empathic women make their sensitivities their super powers and left her with relentless shingles outbreaks and collapsed immunity. Through the journey of rebuilding her health and life, she discovered  the one thing that no one was talking about in terms of the recovery from narcissistic abuse…that narcissists damage the five energy tanks that rule our physical, emotional, financial and soul health. Yet no one was showing women how to repair themselves energetically.  But,  without repairing those tanks, women suffer for years with anxiety, depression, exhaustion and a multitude of debilitating physical health challenges. So, Kay created the first medical qi gong recovery program for narcissistic abuse survivors that use 5 minute energy resets to help women effortlessly re-ignite their body, mind and soul potential. For example, Kay's client Donna, whose health was devastated by the stress of a narcissistic marriage, was able to use the resets to reverse stage 5 kidney damage in only 90 days, preventing Donna from going on dialysis and empowering her to reclaim her life. With newfound health, Donna was able to rebuild her realty business and remarry. Her pastor husband and her are now building a successful ministry helping others. Kay is here today to share more inspirational stories like this and delve into the topic of energy vampirism –how we lose energy to toxic people and more importantly—what we can to stop the drain and become unstoppable in reclaiming our body, mind and soul potential when our energy has been decimated by a narcissist.  Ways to connect Kay:   Get Your Mojo Back Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/get-your-mojo-back-quick-resets-to-help-empathic-women/id1699115489 Website: https://www.aikihealing.com/ Free Healing Session: https://www.aikihealing.com/free-healing-for-narcissistic-abuse-priority-list Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/aikihealingresets/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/AikiHealingResets/ Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@aikihealing   About the Host:   Michael Hingson is a New York Times best-selling author, international lecturer, and Chief Vision Officer for accessiBe. Michael, blind since birth, survived the 9/11 attacks with the help of his guide dog Roselle. This story is the subject of his best-selling book, Thunder Dog.   Michael gives over 100 presentations around the world each year speaking to influential groups such as Exxon Mobile, AT&T, Federal Express, Scripps College, Rutgers University, Children's Hospital, and the American Red Cross just to name a few. He is Ambassador for the National Braille Literacy Campaign for the National Federation of the Blind and also serves as Ambassador for the American Humane Association's 2012 Hero Dog Awards.   https://michaelhingson.com https://www.facebook.com/michael.hingson.author.speaker/ https://twitter.com/mhingson https://www.youtube.com/user/mhingson https://www.linkedin.com/in/michaelhingson/   accessiBe Links https://accessibe.com/ https://www.youtube.com/c/accessiBe https://www.linkedin.com/company/accessibe/mycompany/   https://www.facebook.com/accessibe/       Thanks for listening!   Thanks so much for listening to our podcast! If you enjoyed this episode and think that others could benefit from listening, please share it using the social media buttons on this page. Do you have some feedback or questions about this episode? Leave a comment in the section below!   Subscribe to the podcast   If you would like to get automatic updates of new podcast episodes, you can subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts or Stitcher. You can subscribe in your favorite podcast app. You can also support our podcast through our tip jar https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/unstoppable-mindset .   Leave us an Apple Podcasts review   Ratings and reviews from our listeners are extremely valuable to us and greatly appreciated. They help our podcast rank higher on Apple Podcasts, which exposes our show to more awesome listeners like you. If you have a minute, please leave an honest review on Apple Podcasts.       Transcription Notes:   Michael Hingson ** 00:00 Access Cast and accessiBe Initiative presents Unstoppable Mindset. The podcast where inclusion, diversity and the unexpected meet. Hi, I'm Michael Hingson, Chief Vision Officer for accessiBe and the author of the number one New York Times bestselling book, Thunder dog, the story of a blind man, his guide dog and the triumph of trust. Thanks for joining me on my podcast as we explore our own blinding fears of inclusion unacceptance and our resistance to change. We will discover the idea that no matter the situation, or the people we encounter, our own fears, and prejudices often are our strongest barriers to moving forward. The unstoppable mindset podcast is sponsored by accessiBe, that's a c c e s s i capital B e. Visit www.accessibe.com to learn how you can make your website accessible for persons with disabilities. And to help make the internet fully inclusive by the year 2025. Glad you dropped by we're happy to meet you and to have you here with us.   Michael Hingson ** 01:20 Well, hi everyone, and welcome to another episode of unstoppable mindset where inclusion, diversity and the unexpected meet. And as I've explained, the reason we word it that way is that diversity typically doesn't tend to involve disabilities, so inclusion comes first, because we don't allow people to be inclusive unless they're going to make sure that they include disabilities in the conversation, but mostly on the on the unstoppable mindset podcast, we don't deal as much with inclusion or diversity. We get to deal with the unexpected, which is anything that doesn't have to do directly with inclusion or diversity. And so today, in talking to Kay Hutchinson, we have a situation where we are going to talk about unexpected kinds of things, and that's what we're really all about. So Kay Hutchinson is our guest today. She has quite a story about, well, I'm not going to tell you all about it, other than just to say it's going to involve narcissism and it's going to involve a whole bunch of things. Kay is a podcaster. She's a coach, and she does a number of things that I think are really well worth talking about. So without further ado, Kay, welcome to unstoppable mindset.   Kay Hutchinson ** 02:40 Oh, Michael, every cell in my body is happy to be here today. I'm so thrilled. Oh,   Michael Hingson ** 02:47 good. I just want to make sure all the cells are communicating with you, and they're all saying good things they   Kay Hutchinson ** 02:52 are. Oh, good, absolutely.   Michael Hingson ** 02:56 Sell by cell. Let's, let's do a roll call and see how long that takes. But there we go. Well, I'm really glad that you are here. I'd like to start by kind of learning about the early K, growing up and all that sort of stuff. It's always fun to start that way, sort of like Lewis Carroll, you know, you start at the beginning. But anyway, tell us about the early k, if you would.   Kay Hutchinson ** 03:19 Oh my gosh, I'd love to and Michael, what's exciting to me about that, you know, with your show really focusing on diversity, when I look back to my childhood and I think about the various experiences that I had growing up as a biracial child in the 1960s I am half Japanese and half African American, against the backdrop of Malcolm X and at the time Martin Luther King, and all of this different flow of change was happening as I came into the world, and I was born on the island of Honolulu, Hawaii, feeling very much connected to the vibrancy of that space and those islands and that war of the power of the volcanoes, and I found myself just this really hyper sensitive young child where the world came in at me through all of my five senses, to the point where often I was very overwhelmed, but I was really blessed to have parents that understood this child's going to have a lot coming at her in the world, being what the world is at the time, and coming from different two different cultures that I was really well nourished and really was taught by parents who had embraced meditation and mindfulness as a way of really helping me calm my nervous system when I was little. So I really had this beautiful childhood of being able to bounce between different cultures, the US culture, and also living in Asia, but also coming face to face with things like racism face. Things like messages on a very large societal level that I did not belong anywhere, that I didn't fit, and so often I felt that the world outside of the safe space of my immediate family was a world that was very much overwhelming, and felt as if it was not for me, that it was not very nourishing. So very early on, I had to learn how to kind of begin regulating and begin navigating a world that wasn't necessarily set up for someone like myself. Well,   Michael Hingson ** 05:35 yeah, it's it's interesting when you and you certainly have an interesting combination of parents, half African American and half Japanese, definitely, two different cultures in a lot of ways, but at the same time, they both recognize the whole concept of mindfulness. They recognize the value of meditation and finding a calming center, I gather is what you're saying.   Kay Hutchinson ** 06:00 Absolutely, my father was one of the soldiers that right after he came into the service in the 1950s that got assigned to Japan and was in one of the first all African American military police units. It had never existed before. And so through his journey there, he actually ended up studying a lot of different forms of martial arts, as well as some of the healing arts like acupressure. So a lot of times people say, Okay, you practice Chinese energy medicine. Oh, that must have come from your mother's side of the heritage. But actually, the first exposure to healing and energy came from my dad, because he taught us martial arts, and he taught us actually some of the flows of energy on how to heal the body, because it's that idea that if you spar with a person, you're responsible for having to heal them if you injure them through the sparring. So that was like my first exposure to really learning the system of energy medicine. And then on my mom's side, it's interesting, she grew up with parents that were Buddhist and Taoist in their philosophy as well. So but at a very young age, in her late teens and early 20s, she was very curious about Christianity, and began attending churches that were of a Christian nature, and that's how she ended up meeting my father. And so this beautiful path of spirituality, learning about energy and understanding how to navigate through a world that wasn't necessarily built for me, was really at core of how we moved as a family, and I think that really formed the basis for developing a certain type of sensitivity to the nuances of differences and making those differences into superpowers. And that's really at the heart of what I do, not only as a healer, but and in my early career as a special education teacher, that really was one of the things that allowed me to recognize the value and power of children and help them to optimize their growth and   Michael Hingson ** 08:11 development. So where did you grow up? Where did you live? So   Kay Hutchinson ** 08:15 I lived in both countries. My father was Army, so we would spend some time in the US, primarily Texas, but we also lived part time in California, and then we would bounce back over, over the pond to Okinawa, Japan. So I had a lot of fond memories of both countries growing up.   Michael Hingson ** 08:33 That's, that's pretty cool. And it's, you know, I find that people who come on this podcast, who have had the joy of having the ability to live or having lived in different kinds of environments, do bring some very interesting perspectives on, on each of those countries and just on, on life in general. And they tend to, I think, have a overall better perspective on what life is all about, because they've seen more of it. And if they take the time to really think about life and all the things that they've seen, they come to value all of that a lot more   Kay Hutchinson ** 09:18 Absolutely it is that process of being able to really delve deep into the subtle uniqueness of life through different lenses. And when you travel, and when you get that opportunity to experience cultures directly, and you also have, you know, a heritage that's very rich on an ethnic level, you know, it really does allow the brain to see the world through many different facets. And I think that that really is what's needed in a world where, when we look at what's happening globally, there's rapid, rapid change. So those of us who have that experience of being able to bounce through all of these different experiences and take multiple facets. Because we end up being able to digest and are able to move through those experiences without becoming so overwhelmed, as so many people are experiencing today, with all of the quantum leap changes that are happening, changes happening so rapidly in our world.   Michael Hingson ** 10:16 Oh, we are, and we're we're exhibiting, of course, in this country, with a new president or a new old President, we're seeing a lot of changes, and I think history is going to, at some point, decide whether those changes or the things that that he's bringing about are good or not. And I think it's you can take a lot of different viewpoints on it. Oh, it's bad because he's doing this and he's doing that, and it's good because he's doing this and he's doing that, but I think ultimately, we're going to see, and I'm I think he's made some choices that are interesting, and we and we'll see how it all goes. But I wish that he had had more of a worldview. I think that's the one thing that I see, that he has not had as much of a true worldview as would probably be valuable,   Kay Hutchinson ** 11:11 absolutely, and that's, excuse me, that's really a concern in leadership, right? And how do we support when someone hasn't had that vastness, right? It then comes to us to really bring to the table the perspectives that hopefully will trickle over into influencing and supporting energetically. And here's that thing, because sometimes we can think, Oh, well, you know, the President's way up here, and what can I as an ordinary person, do to help bring more balance to that leadership. Well, I truly believe that energetically, we're all connected, so that when each of us is embracing this more multifaceted perspective, and we're not just embracing it in our brains, but actually living that, integrating that into how we move. We create a energy that ripples out, that absolutely touches every other person on the planet. And why would it not also touch, you know, people in positions of political leadership. So I believe that when we band together in that way, we do create change.   Michael Hingson ** 12:15 Well, I think we all are connected, and I think that is something that most people haven't recognized, and the more they don't and the more they decide they're an entity in of themselves, and there isn't that kind of interconnectionalism, the more it's going to hurt them more than anything else. But hopefully, over time, people will realize that we are all interrelated. Gandhi once said that interdependence is and ought to be as much the ideal of man, I guess, and woman, we should say. But, you know, he was, he was quoting back in the day, much as much the ideal of man as a self sufficiency. And I think that interdependence is all around us, and interdependence is something that we truly do need to recognize. And embrace, because no one really is an island into themselves,   Kay Hutchinson ** 13:08 and that's true, and this is where the challenge is. When we begin to start looking at energy, vampirism and narcissism, we're dealing with individuals who do not have that capacity to really embrace the fact that they are energetically and importantly connected to other people. They're disconnected from that. So how they're moving through life becomes very centered, focused on only their perspectives and their experiences. And that's where it can be really dangerous, because when we're in the midst of people that are moving like that, we may not realize that we're actually losing energy to them. And so it's really important to take a look more than ever, who is in your world? Are you surrounded by people that have an understanding of the value of connecting in with one another and truly having a fair exchange of energy. Or are you amid people that may be pulling energy from you in a one sided way because they have wounds that are preventing them from really being full in their own perspectives and in their own energy fields.   Michael Hingson ** 14:24 Well, and when you mentioned people who don't have the capacity, I wonder if it's true that they don't have the capacity, or they've chosen to reject it.   Kay Hutchinson ** 14:35 Well, I think that's the difference, right there. Michael, when they've chosen to reject it. That's not pathological in terms of the clinical definition of narcissism, that could apply to anyone that has simply made that choice. But part of the clinical definition of narcissism is it is a person who doesn't have the choice they're not capable because of early trauma in their life. During the period of time when they were attaching and beginning energetically to form bonds with other people, as well as psychologically and cognitively, disruption happened or is no longer a choice for them. They're no longer able to say, I want to be connected or not connected. There is a disruption on a trauma level that prevents them from being connected.   Michael Hingson ** 15:21 Is there a cure for that? Though, can people reverse that process?   Kay Hutchinson ** 15:26 So as far as I know, in Searching the Literature and working with colleagues, and I also have background in psychotherapy too, there is not, quote, unquote, a cure for that, but the damage is fairly deep. It's a matter of helping those individuals to manage the facets of their narcissism to minimize the damage. But are they ever disconnected from the intimacy that we have energetically with other human beings that tends to still be pervasive, even with long term therapy, psychotherapy, yeah, well,   Michael Hingson ** 16:03 you, I know, and we'll get to it. Have had some direct exposure and involvement with narcissism, but let's go back a little bit talking about you. Where did you go to college? I assume you did go to college.   Kay Hutchinson ** 16:17 Yeah, absolutely. I went to the University of Texas, at Austin, okay. And then later, for graduate school, I went to the California Institute of integral studies for counseling, psychotherapy, but also longevity Institute for all the energy medicine training. And I loved, I loved that they were the only program at the time in energy medicine, medical Qigong. They had a relationship with the head of the school. Was the head of Stanford's Integrative Medicine Department, and they were doing lots of things with looking at how energy healing impacts cancer and also how it affects the role of fertility. There was a famous Stanford IVF program, and what they were looking at was the idea that when women partook of Qigong and mindfulness techniques, they were able to successfully get pregnant at a higher level than if they did not. So it was a school that really embraced not only the science of energy, but also the spirituality of it as well. How do we develop and grow as beings that are souls in the world   Michael Hingson ** 17:27 and dealing with the practical application of it? Absolutely,   Kay Hutchinson ** 17:30 absolutely. So I often say that it was the place where shamanism met hardcore science and together, and that's kind of a little bit of what people experience, Michael, when they work with me, because I'm one of the few holistic practitioners that says, come in the door and bring me your actual medical data. I want to see the scans. I want to see your blood work data before we ever do an herbal formula, before I ever prescribe a set of medical Qigong resets. I really kind of want to see what we're looking at and what's happening with you on a quantifiable level, so that we can measure changes as we go along and process a few Sure   Michael Hingson ** 18:08 well. So you mentioned earlier Special Education song. What did you do after college?   Kay Hutchinson ** 18:14 So, in college, you know, I was studying cognitive science as well as special education. I was fascinated by how people learn, and so my career began as a special education teacher. The first assignment I had, though as a teacher, was teaching third grade math because I began working for a district mid season, and they didn't have a lot of different openings, and they said, well, Kay, we would love to have you in the school, but the special ed position will not be available till later. Would you come aboard teaching math? Now, little did anyone know, Michael, that I was actually math phobic. I was that kid that when I had to take math and calculus and things in college, had my head in my lap. Oh, I can't do this. This is just not my thing. And so to be asked to teach third grade, it was horrifying to me on one level, but then I said, you know, everything happens for a reason to start my teaching career, and the thing that I'm most fearful of could be a really good learning opportunity for me. What   Michael Hingson ** 19:14 did you learn from that? Oh my gosh, I learned that   Kay Hutchinson ** 19:17 the most important thing is creativity, because I had to say, okay, where, where am I starting? These kids were behind. They were third graders. They were behind in learning multiplication. And so I said, You know what? There's a method to teach multiplication with cubes and blocks and manipulatives that actually leads them to being able to do algebra. So I'm going to be creative and use these different tools to not only teach basic multiplication, but my goal for them is, when they leave me, they will have the basis for being able to do simple algebra problems in third grade. And the fact, Michael, that these kids, when we talk about diversity, inclusion, we. In a community where they were drive by shootings were in a community where other teachers did not believe that just because these children were children of color, that they did not have the same abilities and capabilities and potential to be able to go on to school at Harvard or Yale. It made me even more determined to say, I'm going to teach them a really higher level skill that everybody else will say is beyond their developmental level to prove that these children are just as capable as anybody else. Yeah,   Michael Hingson ** 20:31 and, and the reality is, they are. They have the capability, and it is something that just has to be encouraged. I know that when I was doing my student teaching. I was getting a master's degree in physics, so I did a little bit with math now and then, needless to say, and I was in the class one day, I was teaching eighth graders. I'm sorry, I was actually teaching high school freshman, but there was an eighth grader in the class, and he asked a question. It wasn't, I don't even remember what the question was, but it wasn't a hard question. But for some reason, I blanked out and didn't know what the answer was. But what I said to him was, I don't know the answer. I should, but I don't. I'm going to look it up and I'll come back tomorrow and tell you what the answer is. Is that okay? And he said, Yeah. When the class was over, my master teacher, who was the football coach, also came up, and he said, that was the most wonderful thing you could do. He said, kids will always know it if you're blowing smoke, if you're honest with them, and if you tell them the truth, you're going to gain a lot more respect. He said, That was the best thing that you could have possibly done with Marty's question. Well, the next day, I came back in with the answer. I went and looked it up, and it was as easy as it should have been, and I should have known. But I came in and I and when the class was all seated, I said, All right, Marty, I got the answer, and he said, so do i Mr. Hinkson? I said, well, then come up here and write it on the board. One of the things that I did not being a good writer, being blind. I just have never learned to have that great of handwriting. I would always have a student write on the board. And everyone competed for that job every day. So that day Marty got to do the job, Kenny came up and described it and said the answer. And I said, that's the same answer I got. And does everybody understand it? But it was so great to be able to interact with him. And it all started with being honest. And I think that's one of the best life lessons I ever learned, not only from being a student teacher, but just in general, that people know it when you're not being dishonest, they can sense it, whether they can articulate it, whether they know it consciously, they'll at least know it subconsciously. If you're not being honest and direct with them, and so it's important if you're going to truly earn trust, to have an honest relationship and and as I, as I put it, don't blow smoke at people.   Kay Hutchinson ** 23:12 That's so true. I mean authenticity as an energy is so very transformative, you know. And I love your story, Michael, because it reminds me too. When I was teaching, you know, I too, was honest with my kids. I just said, you guys feel scared of these problems that we have on our page. Your teacher was scared this morning and had her head in her lap crying like, how am I going to teach this to you? All you know, when they when we can be human with each other. When we are able to really just say what is real and in our hearts, it completely transforms the journey, because suddenly we recognize that we're all in the same space, and then we can lock arms to really move through it together. But if the energy is not even, there's not a fairness there, and part of the fairness is transparency, then it creates a completely different flow. It isn't necessarily transformative, and it can create obstacles and blocks versus being that wonderful thing where your student got to bloom, you got to bloom, and I'm sure the entire class benefited from the authenticity of both of you bouncing off of each other saying, this is the problem that I found, and this is Mike says, here's how I solved it. And together, you guys were able to really get that information across, I'm sure, in a way, that got everybody inspired to think about, how can they come about solving the problems too   Michael Hingson ** 24:35 well, something like 15 years later, we were at the Orange County Fair in July, and this guy with a deep voice comes up to me and he says, Hey, Mr. Hinkson, do you know recognize my voice? Well, there was no way. He says, I'm Marty, the guy from your algebra class 15 years later. And you know it was, it was really cool, yeah, and it was, it was so. To have that opportunity to, you know, to talk with him again. And, you know, we both, of course, had that, that same memory. But it's, it is so true in general, that honesty and connectionalism are so important, it's all about building trust. In my new book, live like a guide dog. We talk a lot about trust as one of the things that you can use to help learn to control fear, and specifically I talk about in the book lessons I've learned from all of my dogs, my guide dogs, and so on. And one of the lessons that we talk about is that dogs may very well, love unconditionally, but they don't trust unconditionally, and you do still have to earn their trust. They may love you, but they won't necessarily trust you until they get to know you. And so with every guide dog, I have to start all over and develop a new relationship and learn their quirks. But the reality is they're learning mind quirks as well, and what we do is we figure out how to interact and work together, and when we are both open to trust, and that's the other part of it, I have to be as much open to trust as the dog, because the way a previous guide dog worked and the things that a previous guide dog did don't necessarily apply with a new dog, and so it's important to really be open to developing that trusting relationship, but it takes a while to develop, but when the relationship develops, it is second to none, and and I wish it were more true with people, but we're always worried about so many things, and we think about what's this person's hidden agenda? We tend not to be open to trust. And the reality is, we can be just as much open to trust as we ever would need to be. That doesn't mean that we're always going to trust, because the other person has to earn our trust too, but we can be open to it absolutely.   Kay Hutchinson ** 27:01 And you know, animals are such an amazing teacher to that process of developing trust. I love what you said that they love unconditionally, but that not necessarily trust unconditionally. To me that is such balance, because I often notice in my work, there's a tendency, especially with empathic women, to over trust, to trust too soon, to not require that others earn that trust. And so I think it's really an important piece to find that balance in being able and being open to trust, but not rushing the process to the point where we lose our boundaries in that and when you interact with animals, you really learn how to do that. Well,   Michael Hingson ** 27:47 why do you think so many women are too eager to trust and do trust too quickly?   Kay Hutchinson ** 27:55 I think in the population of women that I work with in my groups, that they refer to themselves often as women empaths or empathic women. I think some of that can come from the over care taking syndrome that some of them may be exhibiting as a way of working through old wounds, that idea that it's my job to kind of just be this wide open radar and take care of others and be open, and they don't understand that it is absolutely part of self care to regulate that openness, to have a filter and to be able to give that piece of time to really see who people are, because narcissists oftentimes are wearing a facade. May not necessarily see who they are in the early stages of an engagement. So by being open, but still having boundaries, which kind of when your boundaries are respected over time, I think that's where trust really blooms. And by taking that time, then we are able to really make sure that we're in relationship with people where there is a fair exchange of trust, because that's part of the fair energy exchange, as I often say, is trust has to go both ways, and in a narcissistic relationship, it's usually just one way. It's the person you know who's non narcissistic, trusting fully and the narcissist withholding trust. Yeah,   Michael Hingson ** 29:17 and you think that men are much more not open to the whole concept of trust, than than women? Not   Kay Hutchinson ** 29:29 at all. I think men are beautiful in their heart spaces, just as open too. So I see men in paths exactly in that same space as well, men that are natural givers who want to connect. They can often also get in that space of trusting too soon. So when my practicing encompassed working with both men and women, that would be something that I would often kind of give guidance to in the dating process of Give it time. And allow somebody to earn that beautiful jewel of trust that is your heart, and allow yourself to also be discovered by the other person as someone who's trustworthy. Give it the space, because I've had beautiful men that were clients that absolutely got their hearts trampled, and also got their energy siphoned by energy vampires, just because they jumped in, just so wholeheartedly, so soon, so having that balance being aware of the pacing of a relationship, and then again, going back to animals, because that was part of the thing that I did. Michael straight out of energy school, I worked with animals first and human second. And I think that dance that we do with animals is really can be a framework or a model for how to move with humans too, because animals don't rush it. You know, they're going to take their time and trusting you. They're going to check you out and notice what your Kirks are and notice how you respond to them. It's not something to give right away. And so when you do earn the trust of an animal, whether it's a cat or dog or in my case, I also worked with wild animals, it is really such a treasure, and it's cherished when it happens.   Michael Hingson ** 31:15 Yeah, but then even wild animals are open to trust there. There are a lot of other things that you have to work through, but still, the the the opportunity to develop a trusting relationship is certainly there. Now I think that cats are more cautious than dogs about a lot of things, but they're but they're open to trust. I know that that stitch my cat does trust me, but she is much more cautious and tends to react to noises and other things a lot more than Alamo the guide dog does. So they're there. There are issues, but there's a lot of love there, and there is a lot of trust, and that is as it should be. But again, I've had to earn that trust, which is the real important part about it. Yeah, that's definitely   Kay Hutchinson ** 32:07 and, you know, you speak about, like, the differences of dogs and cats too. There's a difference in the neurological sensitivity, of course, with dogs too, it depends on the breed. You know, like, for example, chihuahuas can be very neurologically sensitive, so they react to many things, versus, say, like Labradors or other larger breeds of dogs, shepherds and so forth, they tend to have a more steady neurological response to the world. So they make wonderful emotional support and other helper roles in our lives. But cats, they tend to, across the board, be pretty high strung neurologically, which means that's why they would be a little bit more skittish about why   Michael Hingson ** 32:47 they're cats. Yeah, absolutely, it works. Well, how long? How long did you teach?   Kay Hutchinson ** 32:55 Well, I taught in public school. I think it was three years. I'm still a teacher. I never I just left the forum from a public school into I became a writer for textbook publishers. So I created Teacher Guides. There was a lot of teaching in that. And then I also ran the only medical Qigong professional certification certification program that is a one on one apprenticeship program, and I ran that program up until the pandemic, from 2008 or nine until the pandemic, before I slowly shifted into just this really super niche of working with women on the journey of recovering from narcissistic abuse, and really putting my full energy into that, I still get calls for people who want to certify with me, and so I'm I'm still thinking about reopening the school, but it's been such a pleasure going down this road and journey of developing virtual journeys for women online and watching them bloom and seeing the transformation. So I always say that I'm ever the teacher. I never really left the profession. Everything that I do involves education and really helping people to optimize the way they learn as souls and as whole beings in the world   Michael Hingson ** 34:17 well, and I think in reality, and I wish more people understood it. But I think we're all teachers, and I know one of the things that I learned when I first was put in a position where I had to start selling professionally, I took a Dale Carnegie sales course, and one of the things that they talked about in that course was sales people. The best sales people are counselors, they guide, they teach, because you'll get a better understanding of your prospects and your customers, but that's what you really should be doing. And again, there's a whole level of honesty that goes with that. But the reality is, I think that all of us teach. I know a lot of. Blind People say I don't I'm blind. I am the way I am. I don't want to be a teacher. I don't want to have to educate people. Well, the reality is, we all do that in one way or another. We're all teaching someone, or bunches of someone's from time to time. And the reality is, teaching is so fun,   Kay Hutchinson ** 35:21 it is, and I love that you said that, because we're always teaching people how to engage ourselves just on that level alone, or engage with ourselves. Yes, absolutely. And when we know that and we bring joyousness to the process, right, it can be so transformative, because when we're enjoying that process, we're going to go into those uncomfortable areas, right that may be challenging or difficult, and often engaging with other people, you come up with new facets and perspectives that you otherwise would not have. So I, I love, I love the dance of learning and also in sharing too.   Michael Hingson ** 36:06 My wife was a teacher for 10 years, and always loved it when she she did do special ed and so on. She was in a wheelchair her whole life, so she was sort of bent that way, but she loved teaching third grade. She thought that third grade was the best, because when you start to get older than that, kids get more set in their ways, and when they're younger than that, they're they're just not there. Yet. She loved third grade, so I'm glad you started with third grade math.   Kay Hutchinson ** 36:35 Third grade was really sweet. I went from there to early childhood so, and then later I was tutoring at the university level, I had an opportunity to work as a tutor to actually doctoral foreign students who needed help with writing skills and things like that. So I really have enjoyed that full spectrum, just as I enjoy working with clients that come from vast differences in their backgrounds, and taking the journey into to learning more about holistic ways and moving so a lot of fun. Oh,   Michael Hingson ** 37:09 it is, you know, and I think life in general is a lot of fun if we would just approach things the right way and not let everything upset us, we we have a much better life in our own world,   Kay Hutchinson ** 37:21 definitely, absolutely. Well, you,   Michael Hingson ** 37:25 you've talked a lot about this whole idea of narcissism and so on, and I know you've had involvement in your life with that. You want to talk about some of that and tell us how you really got into really doing a lot with it, and what motivates you and so on. Or how much of that do you want to talk about? Oh,   Kay Hutchinson ** 37:42 definitely. Well, you know, I would have to go all the way back to, you know, experiences with racism that I experienced as a narcissism. I'm not saying that every person who has racist thoughts or beliefs or or patterns are narcissists, but many narcissists are racist, and so I think the early exposure to what I would call someone that is an energy vampire bent on manipulating or creating a flow that isn't a fair exchange of energy happened to me at a very young age. So I gained a lot of insight into how do you move through that? So it made sense that when I was beginning my career as an energy healer, as a practitioner, and I started noticing the different physical and emotional issues people would come in the door with, they'd come in with, say, like autoimmune issues, thyroid issues, cancer and different things like that. But when we began to really look at the root of all of those conditions, we began to realize that there was a pattern of having been in some sort of prolonged engagement with another person, where there was not a fair energy exchange. And that's when I began to realize, oh, all of my clients have had experiences with narcissism and of having had their energy siphoned in a way that was not beneficial for the entire body, mind and soul, and so in creating these resets for clients for nearly, I think it was about 15 years I was into that career. I never realized, because I'd never encountered it directly in a personal relationship. What it was like to be in a relationship with a covert narcissist, and I fell in love with a person who was very, very clever as far as really hiding those aspects of his personality. And I've come to understand that the reason that I walked that journey was so that I could have first hand lived experience. I knew what overt narcissism was about, but I had never really experienced the covert variety that hidden, that more subtle type. And by being in this marriage and relationship with a person that was exactly that, it gave me a lot of insight. To the subtle ways that we lose energy to people, and what the impact is on that physical level. For me, it left my immunity completely tanked, and I was having reoccurring shingles all over my face. I was having high anxiety, which was not a part of my emotional walk. Previously, I was also very fatigued. I had resolved many years prior to that severe fibromyalgia, and suddenly that came out of remission, and I was in constant pain every day. So you know, in seeing how dramatically my own health changed, it also changed the way that I was showing up on a business level, how available I was on an energy level, to really serve clients. And it also showed up in terms of my spiritual path, where I slowly began to get disconnected from source and not rely on that as my critical way of moving through life, where previously I have so it was a just a journey of really, truly recognizing what it feels like across every level imaginable to get decimated by the person that You love because they are wounded and are narcissistic.   Michael Hingson ** 41:22 What finally happened that made you realize what was occurring and caused you to decide to deal with the whole issue.   Kay Hutchinson ** 41:31 Well, you know, it wasn't just one thing Michael, because if he was a subtle narcissist, my understandings of what was happening came about gradually. But the thing that really stood out in my mind, that made me say, You know what, I absolutely need to get out of this relationship was when I went to caretake an aunt that had stage five stomach cancer, and I had previously was in the role of caretaking his mom, when she had metastatic blood level cancer. It was a form of leukemia, and also his aunt, who had a form of bone cancer. So when his family members were ill, I was there. I dropped everything, not only just as a healer, but as a family member, as someone who loved these Dear ladies, was by their sides and really helped them to transition. But when it came time for me to be at the side of my relative, my husband was completely lacking in empathy, and I'd spend the entire day with her, just helping her to quell nausea, get more comfortable, feel more peaceful. I completely had not eaten the whole day because my whole attention was on her and also on my father. Her brother, wanted to make sure that my dad was okay in being with her, because he was also approaching soon the final days of his life. He had a lot of weakness going on and things. And I returned home, and I was just exhausted, and I said, Honey, let's go out for dinner, and let's go out and do something kind of fun, because that's what I am, and I give a lot on that heavy level, I like to shift over to something light. And I was met with, I don't want to go anywhere. Why do you always want to go out to dinner, and he just started kind of yelling at me, and I realized, oh, wow, just even on a pure nourishment level, I need food because I haven't eaten all day. This is somehow becoming a challenge. And I ended up going out to dinner by myself at a time when I was really super vulnerable about ready to lose my last living aunt in the States, and thinking, what am I doing in a relationship where merely asking to be fed, not even emotionally, is a challenge? And I said, Ah, he can't even literally feed me. And I knew there was no fixing that. Even though we had gone through counseling, it's like, no, no, this is just not going to continue. I have to leave, right? So that was a critical moment in my life of just and that's what I would say to everybody in the audience. Ask yourself, are you being felt fed well? Are you being well nourished by the person that you're in that relationship with? Because narcissists are not capable of nourishing   Michael Hingson ** 44:29 you. Yeah. So what happened? I mean, you made you, you realize what was occurring. What did you do? So   Kay Hutchinson ** 44:35 at that point, we had been in counseling, so I got on the phone with our counselor, and I said, I really need your safe space the next time we come in, because I need to have a conversation about divorcing, and I really need to make sure that I'm moving through this safely and with the proper support around me. And that's really, really important, because if your audience. Are in relationships with narcissists who have never been abusive, they need to understand that there's a high likelihood of them becoming physically abusive when they decide to leave. Mm, hmm. And so it's really important to make sure that that conversation is happening in a safe space and that there's enough support around to keep violence from escalating, even if you've never seen that person in that more physically abusive space, it needs to be considered.   Michael Hingson ** 45:33 So you, you talk to your counselor about that, and then you, you, I assume, had a session where you, you, you dealt with some of those issues, absolutely,   Kay Hutchinson ** 45:44 with the safety of of the counselor there, we were able to map out a strategy. But Silly me, Michael, I thought, well, you know, we have an agreement that we need to go our separate ways. We're two adults. We can do this peacefully. It's not complicated. We lived in the state of Texas. It's not hard to do. And so we said we'll just go to a mediator, and everything will be fine. They'll do up the paperwork, legally, we'll sign we'll go our different ways. Wish each other well, take what we each learn from this and move on with our lives. So it seemed a simple thing, but at the very last moment when we were scheduled to see the mediator, mediator attorney gets a call from a lawyer that I didn't know he even had saying, oh my, my client can't come into this mediation without me being present, because he's represented. And it was a bulldog attorney that was known for just rolling over the other person. And I went, ah, and so I got dragged to nearly a year and a half legal battle that really didn't need to be there, but I was very blessed in connecting with an attorney who specialized in helping people divorce from narcissist, and she was able to say to me, Kay, I know you have important healing to do for yourself, but also for the clients that you serve, let me take this over and you go, do you, and I'll just ting you whenever you need to sign something. And she just completely took it over for me so that I could move on with my life and decide, you know, what did I want to create in the new phase of my life? But not everybody has that ability to kind of really lock arms with attorneys that are highly skilled in dealing with narcissists, because the narcissist will weaponize the legal system if they're allowed to do that, and it can drive up costs. It can be exhausting on many different levels. So it's really important, if you can't afford to have an attorney that has that experience, there are many blogs and many places where you can connect to get that support, even if you're working with an attorney who is less experienced, right? Yeah,   Michael Hingson ** 47:55 but eventually you you were able to to deal with it, and I'm sure that it was incredibly traumatic. How long ago did all this occur?   Kay Hutchinson ** 48:06 Oh, this was occurring. 2018 2019 Okay,   Michael Hingson ** 48:10 so it's not been all that been six years. Yeah, six years,   Kay Hutchinson ** 48:15 absolutely. And you know, I often say that when you're going through an experience, after having been around someone that second guessed your reality, that we will tend to second guess our own reality too. And so one of the things I think that really helped me on a mindset level, was continuing to ask myself, well, what do I really feel? What do I really think? Exactly   Michael Hingson ** 48:40 right, exactly right. Yeah,   Kay Hutchinson ** 48:43 and reconnecting with that because I had been separated or disconnected from things that were really vital and important to me, because he had said that they were not important, or perhaps I was overreacting or being too sensitive that I began to discount those things within myself. So it's really this journey of really allowing myself to truly come back into valuing all of the things that were really important to me   Michael Hingson ** 49:10 to you. Yes, what you know narcissism is an interesting subject. What is maybe one thing that so not Well, let me go back. Narcissism certainly deals a lot with emotional issues, and there can be physical issues and so on. But what's maybe the one thing that you've seen in your work that most people wouldn't associate with a narcissistic person or narcissistic behavior,   Kay Hutchinson ** 49:41 I think the one thing that people don't really put enough of a spotlight on is that they are energy vampires. They create an energetic disruption across the five areas of ourselves that are absolutely critical for our physical health. For. For our emotional stability and our soul growth. So we're talking body, mind and soul disruption. You know, often times the talk is on the psychological or the emotional disruptions, or if there's a physical abuse component, it might be on that level. But it's really very rare that we are really associating that idea of energy, vampirism, of energy, of being a predator on an energetic level, with narcissists and so that is really core. Because until we start to heal the energetic damage that has occurred, we end up staying in a state of struggling for years with emotions that may be all over the place. I see felt it in myself. I see it in my clients, anxiety, depression, that feeling of being on an emotion, emotional roller coaster, and then all of the physical health issues that go along with it, whether someone experienced physical abuse or not, and then that soul disconnect. You know, energetically, we have to have, I often say, Energy Tanks. We need to have all five of our energy tanks full in order to have a relationship with source that is evolving that allows us to transform and elevate ourselves on that spiritual level. And so if we're damaged across our five Energy Tanks, we will find it difficult to really connect in with the power that is higher than ourselves. Tell me a little more   Michael Hingson ** 51:27 about this concept of the five Energy Tanks, if you would. Absolutely   Kay Hutchinson ** 51:31 that's my own wording, but really it's the language of Chinese energy medicine that's over 2000 years old, built on the idea of the five elements, whether you're an acupuncturist, an acupressurist, whether you are a martial artist, everything flows along the five elements, in terms of Chinese energy, medicine and the five elements are a system that helps to explain the relationship between our emotions, the different states of our emotions, our physical selves, and the way that we grow in souls. So I often say, you know that there's five tanks. John Gray made that comparison back I think it was in the 80s when he wrote about the different tanks that people need to have filled in their lives, like relationship tanks and the self care tank and all of these different things. It's kind of similar to that idea, but each one of these areas has a very critical role in our development. So like, say, the water element, this is essence, and then DNA level. So often times when we've been in traumatic situations, we may start to see some DNA level disruptions, and often that will appear as cellular abnormalities. Cancer would be a very good example of that, that when we're under immense stress, on a trauma level, the water element, which rules our DNA, on an element level becomes disrupted. So I see that a lot in my practice, where women have metastatic breast cancer and other forms of cancer as a result of the long term chronic stress of being in a narcissistic relationship, or their nervous systems, like my nervous system was completely damaged and I was hyper vigilant all the time. Had insomnia, had difficulty processing information. My natural dyslexia and learning disabilities that I came into the world with became exacerbated when I was in that narcissistic relationship. That's the wood energy tank that rules our nervous systems. So there's a take for each aspect of ourselves that gets impacted by the experience of being in a relationship where the energy exchange is not mutual and fair.   Michael Hingson ** 53:50 When you're talking about this whole concept of energy vampires and and the whole issue of having to face or deal with a narcissist. One of the things that seems to me happens is that your ability to have creative thinking and to be creative in your thinking goes down, and the result is that you, you you're again, you're you're sucked into something that you really shouldn't be sucked into, but you've lost some of the clearer thinking that you would normally have. How do you deal with that, and how do you get that back absolutely   Kay Hutchinson ** 54:34 but when we start to look again at the elements and how that shows up for creativity, our metal element has to do with our ability to feel safe and shielded. We can't be creative and stretch into areas that are unknown if we're not feeling safe. So beginning to do resets, where we begin to visualize the shielding around ourselves being restored, can be very helpful to begin to settle that. Sense of, oh, I'm not safe. And so there's specific breath work and energy resets that we do to really help to get that foundation of safety before we even begin to restore other aspects that affect creativity. The next thing that we have to do, Michael is really, once we're feeling safe, we need to be able to center ourselves, because if our thoughts are scattered all over the place, our energy is all over the place, it's hard to get centered, to bring the focus that is also a part of being creative. So the earth element is what allows us to begin to ground and calm ourselves, begin to focus and collect all of these different thoughts that we may be having and feeling so that we can harness them in a creative way to go forward. Similarly, we have to calm our nervous system so that our brains are able to create the rhythms on a brain wave frequency level that is conducive to creativity again, if our brain waves, if we were to look at an EEG right before hitting a moment of creativity, there might be a lot of bouncing activity going on, and it's only when that activity begins to settle and calm that we then are able to implement and bring forth something that is creative. So being able to regulate that becomes very important, as well as getting into the space of reconnecting with a fire element, which is joy. Because I often say creativity is just the expression of joy, right when we are in that joyous state, it's amazing how many different ways our brains can move to come up with something that is unusual, innovative out of the box. And so the restoration of the fire element, take passion, joy, all of that feeds in to the creative cycle. And then last on that water element, that essence level, right? Creativity comes from a deep well that we have as humans. When we're able to tap into that, we not only tap into a level of creativity that is not only unique to us as individuals, but we tap into the collective of the human creativity and consciousness, and so that allows us to ignite what we're doing in many creative ways. And this is why, as women heal these areas. Michael, they go out and do incredible things. They're able to go out and start new businesses. They start new careers at the age of 50 in their passion areas that they never thought that they would have done. They're able to take trips and go and pursue things that once they were fearful of, but now they are excited to open up themselves, up to trying new things in new ways. And so, you know, the restoration of creativity is very much a part of core of recovering from narcissistic abuse, because that's the one area that most people don't think about too going back to your earlier question, that truly gets impacted when we go through a narcissistic relationship, yeah,   Michael Hingson ** 58:13 well, you have obviously been through a whole lot. What allowed you, or how were you able to keep I guess, what we would call an unstoppable mindset, through all of the things that that you went through, what, what drove you, if you will, to be able to succeed. I   Kay Hutchinson ** 58:33 think it's exactly what we've been talking about, having the practices that allowed me to refuel those five takes allow the highest level of energy to kind of flow through my brain, to keep that mindset in that positive area, to keep me motivated and passionate when you're working energetically, to restore yourself the mind comes along. It's not the thing you know. A lot of people say, Well, you got to change your mindset first, and I believe there's value in that. But guess what? When you change your energy first, there is no possibility of the mind flowing into negative spaces to hold you back, because your energy is creating this vibration that then fuels the thoughts that keeps you moving, and that's really the life that I've led. And when I find in moments that I may be falling into a place that is challenged on that mental thought level, I do my energetic practices, and boom, immediately, there's a shift from either a sad state to a state of feeling resilient, from a fearful state to being brave and courageous, to say, Hey, I just jump into this deep end of the pool because that's what I'm afraid of, and that's what I need to do, and trusting going back to trust that there's going to be tremendous growth and benefit. So. The more it's not that hard,   Michael Hingson ** 1:00:01 no. But the other part of it is, the more of that that you do, the more you do the introspection, the more you analyze yourself, you think about what we're talking about here, the more that you actually go through the process, in a sense, the more you do, the easier it becomes, or the more efficient you are at doing it. And the result of that is that you become better at it, and so you're able to gain that control. It's it. The whole issue of resilience is is something to practice, but, but it is something that you have to work at I made a video recently where I talked about emergency preparedness, and I said most all of us don't prepare for emergencies, because what we don't do is we don't prepare our minds. Oh, we can create a plan so that there's a fire, we can grab a go bag or whatever. But how do we really prepare our minds? And that is something that we need to do a lot more of than we do today.   Kay Hutchinson ** 1:01:03 Absolutely. And the idea, Michael, that it doesn't take like long stretches of meditation, people have that myth in their minds to prepare yourself and be mindful when there are circumstances unfolding that maybe crisis by taking bite sized moments, I teach five minute resets to reset the brain and reset the mind, and you do enough of those over time, then when crisis hits, you have a whole well of cultivation to draw from and that that really ends up carrying you through whatever that crisis is. And I love that it's not enough just to prepare our minds cognitively for things, we must prepare ourselves from that deeper space energetically, so that when we're in the middle of things, we're not pulled so far off of our center that we forget that beautiful plan that we made,   Michael Hingson ** 1:01:57 right, exactly right. And the reality is, it all does work together. Well, what's the one thing? Maybe that would surprise people if they knew it about you? Oh, gosh, how's that for a good question.   Kay Hutchinson ** 1:02:14 I think the one thing that that most people don't realize about me is that I am a martial artist, because most people think of me as just that healer that brings that comfort in and that level of soothing that I'm known for, and most people don't realize that there's a really strong warrior inside of K and I think we need to be able to embrace the warrior within ourselves and marry that to our peaceful, meditative selves. That the joining of both of them, I think, is really what makes me one of the strongest beings on this planet,   Michael Hingson ** 1:02:55 and that is as good as it gets. So have you written any books? So   Kay Hutchinson ** 1:03:02 my book, the five elements healing, a practical guide for reclaiming your essential power, is currently being reworked. So you will not find it on Amazon at this time, but watch for it in a few months, because we're completely redoing that. And then also, I've contributed to redesign your nine to five advice and strategies from 50 of the world's most ambitious business owners and entrepreneurs. It was compiled by Bridget McGowan, and that one you can find on Amazon, and I was so blessed to create the chapter on how to create a soul based business, one that really allows you to develop what Michael and I are talking about, the unstoppable mindset as a critical way of moving through what you put out into the world. As a business owner,   Michael Hingson ** 1:03:51 well, I definitely want to hear about the new book when it nor the reworked book when it comes out. So you have to let us know. Oh, absolutely. How do people reach out and get in touch with you, if they'd like to to learn from you, use your services and so on. How does that work?   Kay Hutchinson ** 1:04:07 Absolutely on your show notes, people can get in touch with me through the website that's listed in the link, and they can find out about the latest healing journeys, which I'm so excited Michael, because we have a live, free healing session coming up on February the ninth, at noon, Central Standard Time. I do these regularly to allow people that opportunity to begin to experience healing, the five Energy Tanks that narcissist destroying through a soothing distance healing to see if they are ready to take other journeys with me. So that's probably the best way, is to visit the website. And I know it's right here   Michael Hingson ** 1:04:48 on your show. It is in the notes, but go ahead and say the website, if you would absolutely   Kay Hutchinson ** 1:04:52 and the website is a, I K I healing.com Easy to remember, A, I K I healing.com   Michael Hingson ** 1:05:00 Um,

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Harry Sutherland discussed tele-EEG work with epileptologists Drs. Audrey Nath, Andrea Lowden, and Josh Gallardo. They discuss the advantages of this work, how they got into it and what they like about it, the nitty gritty of contracts, pay, malpractice, and more!

In this episode of Marni On The Move, I'm joined by Ariel Garten, neuroscientist, entrepreneur, and founder of Muse—the pioneering brain-sensing headband that transformed meditation for millions. Ariel shares the groundbreaking technology behind Muse S Athena, the first consumer wearable to combine EEG and fNIRS, offering real-time insights into brain activity and oxygen levels in the frontal cortex. We explore how this innovation goes beyond meditation and sleep to deliver personalized cognitive training for focus, performance, and long-term brain health. Ariel also discusses the future of neurotechnology, the science-backed benefits of brain training, and how Muse is making cognitive fitness as essential as physical exercise. CONNECT Muse on Instagram Marni On The Move Instagram, TikTok, LinkedIn, or YouTube` Marni Salup on Instagram and Playlist on Spotify SUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWSLETTER Sign up for our monthly newsletter, Do What Moves You, for Marni on the Move updates, exclusive offers, invites to events, and exciting news! SUPPORT THE PODCAST Leave us a five stars and a review on Apple, it's easy, scroll through the episode list on your podcast app, click on five stars, click on leave a review, and share what you love about the conversations you're listening to. Tell your friends the episodes you are listening to on your social. Share a screen shot of the episode in your stories, tag us, we will tag you back! Subscribe, like and comment on our YouTube Channel, MarniOnTheMovePodcast

How does a personal passion project turn into a groundbreaking neurotech startup? In this episode, we sit down with Dr. Ildar Rakhmatulin to explore his remarkable journey from academia to entrepreneurship — and how a global chip shortage sparked the creation of Pi-EEG, a Raspberry Pi-based BCI device that's transforming neuroscience education. Discover how Ildar's open-source innovation makes brain-computer interfaces more accessible, engaging both the research community and curious learners. We dive into the evolution of his work, from the RMBCI project to the Pi-EEG platform, and explore its exciting integration with tools like ChatGPT and P300 gaming applications. In this episode, you'll learn about: The evolution from RMBCI to the Pi-EEG device The power of open-source collaboration in neurotech How Pi-EEG connects with ChatGPT and brain-signal-based gaming The educational impact on neuroscience and signal processing Join us for an inspiring conversation on turning persistence and creativity into cutting-edge innovation in the world of brain-computer interfaces. Chapters: 00:00:02 - Launching Personal Projects in Neurotech 00:05:12 - Development of the Pyg Device 00:09:31 - Benefits of Open Source Collaboration 00:13:55 - Challenges in EEG Device Development 00:17:16 - Motivation Behind Passion Projects 00:20:00 - Introducing the Latest PiEG Device 00:25:49 - Measuring Multiple Biological Signals 00:29:02 - Introduction to EEG Signal Processing 00:31:06 - Understanding EEG and Signal Processing 00:38:52 - Finding Passion in Neurotechnology Careers 00:43:50 - Balancing Work and Passion Projects 00:47:49 - Real-World Problems and Neurotechnology Trends 00:50:43 - Careers in Neurotechnology 00:59:38 - Advancing Your Neurocareer About the Podcast Guest: Dr. Ildar Rakhmatulin is a scientist, engineer, and entrepreneur based in the United Kingdom, working at the intersection of neuroscience, biosignal processing, and brain-computer interface (BCI) innovation. He is the founder of PiEEG, an open-source, low-cost BCI platform built on Raspberry Pi, designed to democratize access to neurotechnology for students, researchers, and developers around the world. With a Ph.D. in hardware and software engineering, Dr. Rakhmatulin specializes in real-time biodata acquisition, including EEG, PPG, and EKG, and applies machine learning and deep learning algorithms to brain signal classification. His engineering work bridges research and accessibility—helping transform neuroscience education and experimentation through affordable, modular tools.

Support the show to get full episodes, full archive, and join the Discord community. The Transmitter is an online publication that aims to deliver useful information, insights and tools to build bridges across neuroscience and advance research. Visit thetransmitter.org to explore the latest neuroscience news and perspectives, written by journalists and scientists. Read more about our partnership. Sign up for Brain Inspired email alerts to be notified every time a new Brain Inspired episode is released. To explore more neuroscience news and perspectives, visit thetransmitter.org. Rony Hirschhorn, Alex Lepauvre, and Oscar Ferrante are three of many many scientists that comprise the COGITATE group. COGITATE is an adversarial collaboration project to test theories of consciousness in humans, in this case testing the integrated information theory of consciousness and the global neuronal workspace theory of consciousness. I said it's an adversarial collaboration, so what does that mean. It's adversarial in that two theories of consciousness are being pitted against each other. It's a collaboration in that the proponents of the two theories had to agree on what experiments could be performed that could possibly falsify the claims of either theory. The group has just published the results of the first round of experiments in a paper titled Adversarial testing of global neuronal workspace and integrated information theories of consciousness, and this is what Rony, Alex, and Oscar discuss with me today. The short summary is that they used a simple task and measured brain activity with three different methods: EEG, MEG, and fMRI, and made predictions about where in the brain correlates of consciousness should be, how that activity should be maintained over time, and what kind of functional connectivity patterns should be present between brain regions. The take home is a mixed bag, with neither theory being fully falsified, but with a ton of data and results for the world to ponder and build on, to hopefully continue to refine and develop theoretical accounts of how brains and consciousness are related. So we discuss the project itself, many of the challenges they faced, their experiences and reflections working on it and on coming together as a team, the nature of working on an adversarial collaboration, when so much is at stake for the proponents of each theory, and, as you heard last episode with Dean Buonomano, when one of the theories, IIT, is surrounded by a bit of controversy itself regarding whether it should even be considered a scientific theory. COGITATE. Oscar Ferrante. @ferrante_oscar Rony Hirschhorn. @RonyHirsch Alex Lepauvre. @LepauvreAlex Paper: Adversarial testing of global neuronal workspace and integrated information theories of consciousness. BI 210 Dean Buonomano: Consciousness, Time, and Organotypic Dynamics 0:00 - Intro 4:00 - COGITATE 17:42 - How the experiments were developed 32:37 - How data was collected and analyzed 41:24 - Prediction 1: Where is consciousness? 47:51 - The experimental task 1:00:14 - Prediction 2: Duration of consciousness-related activity 1:18:37 - Prediction 3: Inter-areal communication 1:28:28 - Big picture of the results 1:44:25 - Moving forward

In this episode of the NCS Podcast Perspective series, Nicholas Morris, MD, is joined by Immediate Past-President of NCS, Paul Vespa, MD, a professor of neurology and neurosurgery at UCLA. Dr. Vespa shares his path into neurocritical care, as well as his views on the growth of neuro ICUs and advances in continuous EEG monitoring and microdialysis. He discusses the future of AI in EEG, the value of patient stories and the importance of clinician-investigators, mentorship, and teamwork. The views expressed on the NCS Podcast are solely those of the hosts and guests and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or official positions of the Neurocritical Care Society.  

In this piece we discuss all things EEG with Chris Connor, an anesthesiologist and researcher from Boston, USA, and Jamie Sleigh, an anesthesiologist and researcher from Hamilton, New Zealand. We start by discussing the engineering behind the BIS algorithm, then move to interpreting the raw EEG, the spectrogram and burst suppression. Finally we discuss the ‘titration paradox' and how it might influence research and AI. Presented by Andy Cumpstey and Kate Leslie on location at the Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists and Faculty of Pain Medicine in Cairns, Australia, with their guests, Dr Chris Connor, Assistant Professor and Vice Chair ad interim for Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA, and Professor Jamie Sleigh, Professor of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Waikato Clinical School, University of Auckland, New Zealand.

The goal of CPR is to keep the brain and vital organs perfused until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is achieved.Post-arrest care and recovery are the final two links in the chain of survival.Identification of ROSC during CPR.Initial patient management goals after identifying ROSC.Indications for starting TTM.Monitoring the patient's core temperature.Patients can undergo EEG, CT, MRI, & PCI while receiving TTM.Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Practice ECG rhythms at Dialed Medics - https://dialedmedics.com/Free Prescription Discount Card - Download your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Episode archives & other ACLS-related podcasts: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn Chapters0:00 Identifying ROSC0:59 Additional ACLS Resources (https://passacls.com)1:05 Save on prescription meds (https://safemeds.vip)1:21 Post Arrest Assessment & Goals3:04 Indications & Initiation of TTM4:02 Two TTM Tips4:50 Share Pass ACLS on LinkedIn

In this episode, Dr. Anshul Gupta explores how chronic stress and poor sleep fuel Hashimoto's flares—and reveals a science-backed solution for making meditation truly stick. He's joined by Ariel Garten, co-founder of Muse, to unpack the neurobiology of stress, explain why calming your limbic system can ease autoimmune attacks on your thyroid, and demonstrate how just 5–10 minutes of EEG-guided meditation a day can improve fatigue, brain fog, sleep quality, and more.Order your Muse Device by following this link. https://choosemuse.com/drguptaYour discount code to Save 15% on the Muse Headband.DRGUPTAAbout Ariel Garten Ariel Garten is a neuroscientist, former psychotherapist, and co-founder of Muse (InteraXon), the leading EEG headband and app that teaches real-time, brain-feedback meditation and sleep training. She hosts the Untangled podcast and has spoken at TED, SXSW, and MIT, bringing together rigorous research and accessible design to help users down-regulate stress, enhance focus, and build resilience. Ariel's work has been featured in CNN, The Wall Street Journal, Forbes, and numerous scientific journals—including Mayo Clinic studies on cancer fatigue and long-COVID cognitive recovery.Connect with Ariel Garten Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ariels_musings LinkedIn: https://ca.linkedin.com/in/arielgarten  X (formerly Twitter): https://x.com/ariel_garten?lang=enConnect With Me -Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/anshulguptamd/Twitter - https://www.twitter.com/anshulguptamdFacebook - https://www.facebook.com/drguptafunctPinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/anshulguptamdTo Buy Good Quality Supplements Goto -https://functionalwellbeingshop.com/Work With Me -https://www.anshulguptamd.com/work-with-me/Take The Thyroid Quiz & Evaluate Your Thyroid Health -https://www.anshulguptamd.com/thyroid-quiz/About Dr.Anshul Gupta MD -Dr. Anshul Gupta Md Is a Board-certified Family Medicine Physician, With Advanced Certification In Functional Medicine, Peptide Therapy, And Also Fellowship training in Integrative Medicine. He Has Worked At The Prestigious Cleveland Clinic Department Of Functional Medicine As Staff Physician Alongside Dr. Mark Hyman. He Believes In Empowering His Patients To Take Control Of Their Health And Partners With Them In Their Healing Journey.He Now Specializes As A Thyroid Functional Medicine Doctor, And Help People Reverse Their Unresolved Symptoms Of Thyroid Dysfunction.

Join Jay Gunkelman, QEEGD (the man who has analyzed over 500,000 brain scans), Dr. Mari Swingle (author of i-Minds), and host Pete Jansons for another engaging NeuroNoodle Neurofeedback Podcast episode discussing neuroscience, psychology, mental health, and brain training.✅ Neurofeedback Side Effects: Jay and Dr. Mari dive into the phenotypes linked with side effects, such as epileptiform discharges and beta spindles, and how practitioner error or poor protocol matching can cause negative outcomes.✅ Beta Spindles & Protocols: Understanding the implications of beta spindle activity across different regions (e.g. F2 vs. CZ) and what EEG patterns may suggest about insomnia, ADHD, or hyperexcitability.✅ Autism & EEG Patterns: Why 70–85% of autism cases show epileptiform activity in EEGs—and how correct neurofeedback and ICA cleaning can unlock effective treatment strategies.✅ Treatment Resistance & Personality: How trauma history, personality traits, or lack of motivation contribute to neurofeedback resistance.✅ Short Sessions & Custom Protocols: Dr. Mari emphasizes personalized care, including shorter sessions for hypersensitive clients and the importance of multiple montages.✅ Jay's Upcoming EEG Summit: Jay previews his birthday EEG event in Suisun City and his plans to support students, featuring international speakers and challenge coins.✅ Dr. Mari's App Update: BrainComm and Sleep Apps are now live, with a Focus App on the way. Visit https://swinglesonic.com for details.✅ Key Moments:✅ 0:00✅ 1:39 Jay Gunkelman answers questions from previous Q&A showhttps://youtube.com/live/REW03emoEOA?...EEG patterns and neurofeedback side effects; phenotypes related to side effects✅ 10:09 Auto-thresholding defeats the purpose of the operant conditioning principle✅ 12:55 Are there people who are resistant to neurofeedback?✅ 15:15 Autism and how neurofeedback can help✅ 19:50 Protocols and the hot cingulate✅ 23:45 Beta spindle protocols✅ 27:55 Long-term effects of jumping from Stage 1 to Stage 2 REM sleep✅ 30:50 Alcohol-induced sleep✅ 32:30 Swingle Apps: https://swinglesonic.com/products/✅ Event & App Updates:Dr. Mari Swingle's Apps & Info: https://swinglesonic.comJay Gunkelman's Events & Info: https://suisuncitysummit.com✅ Help us keep the NeuroNoodle Podcast going!Support us on Patreon

Have you ever wondered about the potential impact of surgery and anesthesia on cognitive function? Today's show will discuss the complexities of Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders (PND), a term encompassing conditions like postoperative delirium (POD), postoperative cognitive decline (POCD), and delayed neurocognitive recovery (DNR). Through insightful discussions rooted in the latest research, we aim to shed light on: The prevalence and impact of PND, drawing from studies highlighting its occurrence after various surgical procedures. Potential risk factors that may make individuals more susceptible to developing PND. Innovative approaches for prevention and management, including the investigation of medications like dexmedetomidine and anesthetic techniques such as total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol, which some studies suggest may have neuroprotective properties. The intricate underlying mechanisms of PND, exploring the roles of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and even insulin signaling in the central nervous system. The use of monitoring techniques like electroencephalography (EEG) to better understand and potentially mitigate neurocognitive complications. The importance of early identification and comprehensive care for individuals experiencing PND. Visit us online: https://beyondthemaskpodcast.com/ The 1099 CRNA Institute: https://aana.com/1099 Get the CE Certificate here (and directly submit to the NBCRNA): https://beyondthemaskpodcast.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Beyond-the-Mask-CE-Cert-FILLABLE.pdf Help us grow by leaving a review: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/beyond-the-mask-innovation-opportunities-for-crnas/id1440309246 Donate to Our Heart Your Hands here: https://www.ourheartsyourhands.org/donate  Support Team Emma Kate: https://grouprev.com/haloswalk2024-shannon-shannon-brekken

Welcome, MedTech Gurus! Imagine a world where seizures are detected in real-time, where AI helps neurologists pinpoint critical brain activity, and where patients no longer need to be tethered to outdated, wired EEG systems. That's exactly what today's guest, Mark Lehmkuhle, is making a reality. As Chief Science Officer and co-founder of Epitel, Mark has pioneered a groundbreaking wearable EEG system that's changing how we monitor brain health. In this episode, we'll uncover the challenges of bringing cutting-edge medical technology to market, the power of AI in diagnostics, and what the future holds for brain monitoring. Stay tuned—this one's a must-listen!

In this episode of The Psychedelic Podcast, Paul F. Austin welcomes Dr. Simon Ruffell, a psychiatrist, ayahuasca researcher, and student of curanderismo. Find full show notes and links here: https://thethirdwave.co/podcast/episode-300/?ref=278 Simon shares his transformative journey from being a skeptical Western psychiatrist to embracing the spiritual dimensions of plant medicine after experiencing what he describes as an "ontological shock" during an ayahuasca ceremony. He discusses his ongoing apprenticeship with Shipibo curanderos in the Amazon, his research into ayahuasca's effects on mental health and epigenetics, and his work bridging indigenous wisdom with Western scientific understanding. Dr. Ruffell explores the differences between Western medical approaches and traditional healing practices, highlighting how the Shipibo focus on harmony and balance rather than fixing specific problems. Through his organization Onaya, he conducts reciprocal research with indigenous communities, studying how ayahuasca affects veterans with PTSD and examining the epigenetic changes that may explain its profound healing effects. Dr. Simon Ruffell is trained across three modalities: Western medicine (as a medical doctor specializing in psychiatry), research psychology (with a PhD in Amazonian ayahuasca and mental health), and traditional plant medicine (as a student of curanderismo). He is the Chief Medical Officer of MINDS, a nonprofit research organization exploring the potential of psychedelics and consciousness practices to address humanity's greatest challenges. Since 2015, his work has focused primarily on exploring ayahuasca while collaborating with indigenous communities in the Amazon basin. He is the CEO of Onaya and founded the nonprofit Onaya Science, which researches the effects of ayahuasca in naturalistic Amazonian settings. Dr. Ruffell's work seeks to understand plant medicines from both Indigenous and Western perspectives, and he is currently training in Shipibo Shamanism under Don Rono Lopez. Highlights: A spiritual attack during ceremony that shifted his perspective on reality Bridging indigenous wisdom with Western scientific research The difference between psychedelic guides and trained shamans Ayahuasca and epigenetics: clearing ancestral trauma How traditional medicine evolves and adapts over time Remarkable PTSD treatment outcomes with veterans Approaching healing as returning to harmony EEG research during ceremonial Icaros singing Shamans as navigational experts of the psychedelic realm When to choose Western medicine vs. traditional approaches Episode Links: Dr. Simon Ruffell's Website Onaya Onaya Science Episode Sponsor Psychedelic Coacing Isntitute's Intensive for Psychedelic Professionals in Costa Rica - a transformative retreat for personal and professional growth.

DMT Quest with John Chavez In this episode of the SOUL SEEKR podcast, host Sam Kabert chats with John Chavez, founder of DMT Quest, a nonprofit organization dedicated to researching endogenous DMT production and its implications for human perception and potential. They discuss groundbreaking studies, including research facilitated by DMT Quest in 2024 that found endogenous DMT levels in the cortex nearly double those of dopamine. Additionally, they explore upcoming initiatives, such as the 2025 EEG study on the Wim Hof Method's impact on DMT levels, aiming to deepen our understanding of consciousness and the human experience. Links below Join the BREATH CLUB for Free using code “LIGHTHOUSE” on the link here: https://www.spiritualitysimplified.me/offers/FWadeYUB/checkout Overcome The Overwhelm Book: bit.ly/3OKoigp Check out my TEDx Talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KjXihF1s_C4&t=917s SHATTER Limiting Old Stories 5 Day Challenge: SHATTER Limiting Old Stories (5 Day Challenge!) Microdosing w/ Mushrooms: https://muse-affiliate.referral-factory.com/T9YmRZ FREE "SoulChat" with Sam: Calendly.com/SamKabert My Book "SOUL/Life Balance": amzn.to/3ZLAsMn Sam's Website: https://samkabert.com/ Connect w/ Sam on IG: https://www.instagram.com/samkabert  Try Magic Mind for 20% off: https://www.magicmind.com/SAMSOULSEEKR20   Connect w/ DMT Quest: https://www.instagram.com/dmt_quest/ DMT Quest's Website: https://dmtquest.org/ Watch DMT Quest: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=My95s6ZryPg&t=6s Video Version: https://youtu.be/ZhhzqiijciY?si=GQxbJgY2rSmsQIkf

The Care Advocates is brought to you by the All Home Care Matters Media team and focuses on providing family caregivers and their loved ones with support, resources, and discussion on the issues facing them in the matrix of long-term care.   The Care Advocates are honored to welcome, Paula Muller as guest to the show.   About Paula Muller, PhD:   Paula Muller, PhD. Founder of CareLink360, brings a wealth of experience in healthcare technology, including a background in Biomedical Engineering, EEG analysis in Switzerland, Ph.D., and Post-doc work with Parkinson's patients. Her career spans tech and software development roles at companies like SiriusXM, Net-Scale Technologies, and Authentidate. Paula is certified in Individual Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (iCST), a Dementia Sales Advisor (DSA-NC), a Dementia Care Certified (CDC), a Certified Alzheimer's Disease & Dementia Care Training (CADDCT), and a Certified Dementia Practitioner (CDP), and volunteers as a bilingual Community Educator and support group facilitator for the Alzheimer's Association.   Paula's vision for CareLink360®, inspired by her commitment to family bonds, aims to bring older adults and their loved ones closer together, Changing The Way The World Ages®.   About Lance A. Slatton - The Senior Care Influencer:   Lance A. Slatton is an author, writer, host, producer, healthcare professional for over 20 years, and renownedly known as "The Senior Care Influencer".   Lance A. Slatton is the host of the Award-Winning podcast & YouTube show All Home Care Matters. He is also a senior case manager at Enriched Life Home Care Services in Livonia, MI. Lance was named as "50 under 50" for 2023 and received the distinction as the Top Influencer for Healthcare and Advocacy for 2024.   Lance is also a columnist for multiple healthcare and news websites and and is the author of the award winning book "The All Home Care Matters Official Family Caregivers' Guide".   About Sharon's Son, George:   Dr. George Ackerman (Sharon's son) is from Brooklyn, N.Y. Now residing in Florida, he works in the fields of law, police, and education. George lost his mother, Sharon Riff Ackerman on 1/1/2020 due to Parkinson's Disease.   George wanted to honor his mother and continue to help in the Parkinson's awareness cause and did not know how to bring change. George started TogetherForSharon® as a family for the purpose of keeping his mother, Sharon Riff Ackerman's, memory alive and to share the message of Parkinson's Awareness and hope for a cure.   Today, Together or Sharon reaches thousands of individuals across the country for PD Awareness. George currently interviews individuals throughout the Parkinson's community including various foundations, caregivers, and Parkinson's warriors to help share their stories and causes.

Dr. Rachman Chung, board-certified chiropractic neurologist and founder of NeuroAxis Health, joins Jay Gunkelman and Pete Jansons on the NeuroNoodle Neurofeedback Podcast. They dive into the role of functional neurology in brain recovery, how skateboarding impacts concussion risk, the importance of baseline EEGs for young athletes, and how AI and neurofeedback are shaping brain health today. They also explore adrenaline-seeking athletes, chronic pain treatment, and remote neurotherapy.

We discuss the basics of EEG in the ICU, including when to do it, selecting the appropriate study, and the basics of bedside interpretation, with Carolina B Maciel, MD, MSCR, FAAN, triple boarded in neurology, neurocritical care, and critical care EEG. Learn more at the Intensive Care Academy! Find us on Patreon here! Buy your … Continue reading "Episode 86: EEGs in the ICU with Carolina Maciel"

EEG Master on Consciousness & Turning Off Pain — Jay Gunkelman In this episode, Jay Gunkelman shares what over 750,000 EEGs have taught him about the brain, perception, and the mystery of awareness. In this fascinating conversation, Jay goes beyond science fiction and shows what's already possible when you truly understand your brain. From turning off pain using infra-slow frequencies, to decoding attention, memory, and even Zen states — this is a masterclass in neuroscience, consciousness, and real-world mind control.You'll also learn how trauma, intention, meditation, and biofeedback all tie into electrical activity in the brain. Don't miss this chance to learn from one of the most experienced EEG techs in the world.Chapters 00:00 – Highlight00:54 – Introduction To The Guest 02:46 – Who Is Jay Gunkelman? 08:59 – The Power of Looking Backwards15:18 – Can Neurofeedback Really Improve Memory?18:34 – Jay's Journey into Neurofeedback and EEG Technology34:16 – What Is Consciousness… and Can You Measure It?41:08 – Can You Be Too Conscious? 44:41 – Beginner's vs. Master's Mind 51:26 – The Man Who Turned Off Pain with His Mind1:00:26 – The Holographic Nature of Memory1:07:34 – Question From Audience

EEG Master on Consciousness & Turning Off Pain — Jay Gunkelman In this episode, Jay Gunkelman shares what over 550,000 EEGs have taught him about the brain, perception, and the mystery of awareness. In this fascinating conversation, Jay goes beyond science fiction and shows what's already possible when you truly understand your brain. From turning off pain using infra-slow frequencies, to decoding attention, memory, and even Zen states — this is a masterclass in neuroscience, consciousness, and real-world mind control.You'll also learn how trauma, intention, meditation, and biofeedback all tie into electrical activity in the brain. Don't miss this chance to learn from one of the most experienced EEG techs in the world.Chapters 00:00 – Trailer00:54 – Intro02:46 – Who Is Jay Gunkelman? 08:59 – The Power of Looking Backwards15:18 – Can Neurofeedback Really Improve Memory?18:34 – Jay's Journey into Neurofeedback and EEG Technology34:16 – What Is Consciousness… and Can You Measure It?41:08 – Can You Be Too Conscious? 44:41 – Beginner's vs. Master's Mind 51:26 – The Man Who Turned Off Pain with His Mind1:00:26 – The Holographic Nature of Memory1:07:34 – Question For Audience

This week we are joined in-studio by Jack McGrane , Chris Stein, and Baby Boy, organizers of Mojo Family Fest 2025! We dive right into the creative whirlwind that includes wild ideas like using EEG technology for live brain wave displays on stage, all of which make Mojo Family Fest a one-of-a-kind experience and explore the lessons learned from five years of crafting the Mojo Fest, where patience and perseverance have cultivated a vibrant community hub. Returning to the same location for the first time has simplified planning, allowing the festival to thrive and rejuvenate its attendees without the burnout of larger events. From wizard-themed shows and Black Sabbath tributes to the shared love for Phish and the Jam Band scene at large, Mojo Family Fest is rich with memorable moments and unexpected surprises. Whether you're a seasoned festival-goer or a first-timer, this festival, complete with promises to keep the spirit of community and celebration alive, encouraging us all to hydrate, look out for one another, and cherish the connections forged through music. Head over to www.bodhimojo.com for tickets! -FREE SHIPPING from Shop Tour Bus Use The PROMO CODE: nosimpleroad -20% OFF & FREE SHIPPING IN THE US from The Grateful Mountain with the PROMO CODE: NSR20 INTRO MUSIC PROVIDED BY - Young & Sick MUSIC IN THE COMMERCIALS BY AND USED WITH PERMISSION OF: CIRCLES AROUND THE SUN OUTRO MUSIC BY AND USED WITH PERMISSION OF: CHILLDREN OF INDIGO No Simple Road is part of OSIRIS MEDIA. Osiris Media is the leading storyteller in music, combining the intimacy of podcasts with the power of music

Gewonnen - Sekt für die Windbarone - Wasser für Stromverbraucher Die Sektkorken müssen bei der Windindustrie und der Fotovoltaik geknallt haben. Es gab nämlich viel für sie zu feiern, als der Koalitionsvertrag verkündet wurde. Die Brücken zur bisherigen Stromversorgung über sichere und preiswerte Kernkraftwerke sind endgültig abgerissen. Das war das letzte Mal, dass eine Entscheidung getroffen werden konnte. Stattdessen ist der Weg vorgezeichnet: noch mehr Wackelstrom aus Windrädern und von Fotovoltaikanlagen. Der Bundesverband der Windindustrie begrüßt, dass der entschlossene Aufbau der Windenergie im Vertrag festgeschrieben ist. Die Milliardengewinne der Windbarone sind also auch künftig gesichert. Dafür haben CDU, CSU und vor allem SPD gesorgt. Das Nachsehen haben die Verbraucher, die entweder über direkte Strompreise oder aber über versteckte Finanzierungen über EEG und CO2 Preise den horrenden Wahnsinn bezahlen müssen. Im Gespräch mit Rechtsanwalt Thomas Mock analysieren wir den Koalitionsvertrag, woher der Strom künftig kommen soll und was mit den Windrädern passiert. Mock hat auch den einzigen positiven Aspekt im Koalitionsvertrag entdeckt.

In this powerful and timely conversation, we welcome Dr. Eike Buabang, cognitive neuroscientist and Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Trinity College Dublin, to explore one of the most fundamental yet overlooked topics in recovery: habits. Dr. Buabang studies the brain mechanisms behind habit formation—why we repeat behaviors even when they no longer serve us, and how stress, repetition, and environment shape our choices. Drawing from both neuroscience and real-world applications, he offers practical insights into how we can intentionally disrupt compulsive patterns and support lasting behavior change. Whether you're navigating ultra-processed food recovery, supporting clients in early abstinence, or trying to create new routines that align with your values, this conversation will give you tools, understanding, and encouragement to work with—not against—your brain.

Join Jay Gunkelman, QEEGD (the man who has analyzed over 500,000 brain scans), and host Pete Jansons for another brainy, candid, and insight-filled episode of the NeuroNoodle Neurofeedback Podcast. This week, they unpack the wild world of sleep—from why squeak matters in EEGs to what your Ambien prescription might be doing to your brain.✅ Sleep Issues & EEG Clarity: Jay shares how poor sleep and vigilance regulation can cloud EEG readings—and why knowing someone's sleep state is critical before diving into neurofeedback.✅ Should Everyone Get a Sleep Study First? Jay explains what full sleep lab testing shows (versus home screeners), and when tracking devices like Fitbits or Actigraphs are worth the investment.✅ Ambien & Benzos Breakdown: Learn why these meds may give you unconsciousness—not real rest—and how withdrawal from long-term use can cause intense overarousal and even seizures.✅ Brain "Squeak" & Creativity Surges: Ever feel sharper right after a nap? Jay breaks down why bursts of creativity happen when waking up and the real neuroscience behind your “aha!” moments.✅ Nap vs Full Night Sleep Debate: Is Edison-style power napping a myth or a strategy? Jay and Pete explore whether multiple naps can replace a full night's rest.✅ Memory Tricks While You Sleep: From punching pillows to playing audiobooks, Jay dives into the science (and some of the myths) behind learning during sleep.✅Key Moments:0:00:24 Show Start0:32 Neurofeedback Q/A Show https://youtube.com/live/IfkxWR6jq0s0:55 Sleep Issues4:22 Should everyone get a sleep study done before they do EEG or Neurofeedback?8:30 Can you tell on the EEG that the person is too sleepy to get good raw data?9:42 Disposable sleep tests vs sleep clinic tests12:57 Actigraphy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actigraphy13:30 Ambien's role in sleep issues14:48 Benzodiazepine20:40 Sleeping and brain as a washing machine or toilet?21:36 Bursts of creativity when you wake up. If you take a nap, does that increase the amount of creativity?22:00 EEG Squeak27:35 Creativity and napping explored28:24 Rubric31:05 Punching the pillow before bed to help memory32:06 Studying for test by osmosis while sleeping32:25 Listening to audiobooks while sleeping34:50 Suisun City Summit https://publish.obsidian.md/suisunsum...✅ Event & App Updates:Suisun City Summit with Jay Gunkelman – October 8–11, 2024Full Info: https://publish.obsidian.md/suisunsum...Jay will auction off his iconic beard again—bring your bids and your generosity!✅ Help us keep the NeuroNoodle Podcast going!Support us on Patreon

NextSense CEO, Jonathan Berent, never planned on reinventing how we sleep. He was a successful Google X engineer until a fascination with brain-sensing technology pushed him to leave everything behind and found his company. Now, he develops EEG earbuds aimed at upgrading our nightly rest and well-beingbeing. In this episode, he talks about his leap from corporate engineer to entrepreneur, why going “all in” was non-negotiable, and how we can all shed self-imposed labels to unlock bigger possibilities.

When a patient is not responsive following a traumatic brain injury it is very difficult to tell when or if they'll recover. A recent study may help by identifying characteristic tracings on an electroencephalogram, or EEG, that may be associated … It's always a challenge when someone is unresponsive to determine how active their brain is, Elizabeth Tracey reports Read More »

Something called sleep spindles are spikes that show up in an electroencephalogram, or EEG, and may help predict whether someone  who's had a brain injury will regain consciousness, new research shows. Johns Hopkins critical care neurologist Susanne Muehlschlegel says this adds … Sleep spindles may help discern who may regain consciousness, Elizabeth Tracey reports Read More »

If someone has suffered a brain injury and is on life support, determining when to cease that treatment is challenging if they haven't recovered consciousness, with a new study identifying something called sleep spindles, seen on EEG, as helpful. Johns … Is two weeks long enough to determine if someone will recover consciousness? Elizabeth Tracey reports Read More »

Findings on a routine EEG called sleep spindles may be helpful in determining if a nonresponsive person who's had a brain injury will recover, a new study reveals. Susanne Muehlschlegel, a critical care neurologist at Johns Hopkins, says this may … How is the decision on how long to continue life sustaining treatment made? Elizabeth Tracey reports Read More »

In this episode, Jonathan Sackier is joined by Adrian Owen, Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience and Imaging at the University of Western Ontario. They explore Owen's groundbreaking research on consciousness in vegetative states, the ethical questions raised by his work, and the cutting-edge technology that has changed our understanding of the brain.  Timestamps:  00:00 – Introduction  02:46 – Taking one album on a desert island  04:03 – A groundbreaking discovery about vegetative states  06:58 – Owen's bestseller: ‘Into the Gray Zone'   11:18 – Where is the border between life and death?  15:40 – Cutting-edge technologies for brain imaging   20:11 – Applications of fMRI and EEG  24:41 – Does brain-training work?  31:09 – Implications for life support and end-of-life care  36:00 – Owen's three wishes for healthcare   

This week's show is with Dr. Daniel M. Ingram, MD MSPH, a retired emergency medicine physician who works to improve the global relationship of science, clinical practice, mental health and the public to the phenomena that might be referred to as spiritual, meditative, energetic, mystical, psychedelic, magical, and related phenomena. To those ends, he is currently the founder, philanthropic supporter, and volunteer CEO and Board Chair of the Emergence Benefactors registered charity, and chief organizer and co-founder of the global Emergent Phenomenology Research Consortium. He is currently involved in neurophenomenological research of advanced meditative states with colleagues at Harvard and has been a participant in numerous fMRI and EEG studies of advanced meditators, including at Harvard, Yale, U Mass, and Vanderbilt. He has published scientific articles in Pediatrics, Child Abuse and Neglect, and the Journal of Medical Toxicology. He is the author of Mastering the Core Teachings of the Buddha, co-author of The Fire Kasina, and co-founder of the Dharma Overground. His work has been featured in The New York Times, Esquire, Vice, Wired, BBC Radio 4, Evolving Dharma, American Dharma: Buddhism Beyond Modernity, Dan Harris' 10% Happier Podcast, Slate Star Codex Blog, Buddha at the Gas Pump, Meaning of Life TV, Deconstructing Yourself, Spiritual Explained website, Guru Viking, Buddhist Geeks, Cosmic Tortoise, Startup Geometry, Imperfect Buddha Podcast, and many others. In this conversation, Lian and Daniel explore what awakening really means, weaving between the modern non-duality and Neo-Vedanta ideas such as "you're already awake" and the more structured progressive paths, filled with stages, techniques, and deepening insights. They gently reveal the hidden challenges and the powerful gifts each path offers, opening up a conversation that's both timeless and deeply relevant. Lian shares how awakening can happen spontaneously, profoundly reshaping lives, while Daniel draws from his extensive experience in various spiritual communities and traditions. Together, they explore the subtle nuances of spiritual growth, shadow integration, and the vital practice of staying present to this very moment. Their personal experiences effortlessly blend with mythic and traditional wisdom, highlighting the beautiful paradox of human growth. They also discuss practical tools like the five Buddha families, attachment styles, and why working with our shadows is essential. Daniel stresses how important personalised practice and honest community feedback are on this journey. Their conversation gently challenges the seductive myth of spiritual perfectionism, offering instead a grounded, compassionate invitation towards continual transformation and deeper self-awareness. We'd love to know what YOU think about this week's show. Let's carry on the conversation… please leave a comment wherever you are listening or in any of our other spaces to engage. What You'll Learn From This Episode: How clearly seeing the strengths and limits of modern non-dual teachings and progressive spiritual approaches helps you create a spiritual practice that's deeply meaningful, nourishing, and aligned with who you really are. Why recognising and embracing your shadows—those hidden emotional patterns and parts of yourself—is essential for reclaiming your wholeness, bringing more emotional freedom and a deeper sense of authenticity. How using personality frameworks like the five Buddha families and attachment styles can help you personalise your spiritual journey in a way that genuinely honours your unique nature. Resources and stuff spoken about: If you want to focus on Daniel's scientific work related to spirituality and the organisation he helps support: Emergent Phenomenology Research Consortium The EPRC YouTube Channel Emergence Benefactors If you want to focus on Daniel's work related to meditation practice and its effects: Daniel M. Ingram YouTube Channel Mastering The Core Teachings of Buddha For Books: Fire Kasina: The Fire Kasina Meditation Site for books and more on meditation Daniels Personal Website: Integrated Daniel Daniels Online Community: The Dharma Overground Emerge Wiki: emergewiki.org Join UNIO, the Academy of Sacred Union. This is for the old souls in this new world… Discover your kin & unite with your soul's calling to truly live your myth. Be Mythical Join our mailing list for soul stirring goodness: https://www.bemythical.com/moonly Discover your kin & unite with your soul's calling to truly live your myth: https://www.bemythical.com/unio Go Deeper: https://www.bemythical.com/godeeper Follow us: Facebook Instagram TikTok YouTube Thank you for listening! There's a fresh episode released each week here and on most podcast platforms - and video too on YouTube. If you subscribe then you'll get each new episode delivered to your device every week automagically. (that way you'll never miss a show).

Moderator: James P. Rathmell, M.D. Participants: Christopher Connor, M.D., Ph.D. and Peter John Schuller, M.B.B.S., B.Sc. Articles Discussed: Developing an EEG-based model to predict awakening after cardiac arrest using partial processing with the BIS Engine Unlocking Prognostic Potential in the Postarrest Electroencephalogram Transcript

On Episode 43, Rachael Fowler chats with Alex Ni, a leading neurotechnologist and CEO of Divergence Neuro, discussing the fascinating world of neurofeedback and biofeedback. Alex explains how these technologies can support mental health—not only for those facing challenges but also as powerful tools for prevention and performance enhancement. The conversation explores how biofeedback and neurofeedback are helping athletes improve their game and how Alex's technology has been used to support individuals with seizures and in research on psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy.Alex also shares insights from his recent contribution to the book Applied Psychology in the Modern Era and discusses Divergence Neuro's cutting-edge research on DMT, ketamine, and gaming addiction. With over nine years of experience in neurotechnology and a track record of innovation in EEG, cloud computing, and AI, Alex offers a unique perspective on the future of mental health and performance.Tune in for an eye-opening conversation about the intersection of technology, mental health, and human potential. Learn more about Divergence Neuro at www.divergenceneuro.com and follow them on social media @divergenceneuroIf you like the show- let us know, subscribe, give us a rating and check us out on INSTAGRAM

⚡️Feeling frustrated? Racing mind? Try this.

Mike Knox is a standup comedian and the author of "Vivien's Rain." In this unique episode that reveals the perspective of a device end-user, Mike shares his personal journey into the MedTech field through the lens of his daughter's epilepsy and the life-saving (and life-giving!) impact of a vagus nerve stimulator. He discusses the challenges faced before discovering the device, the transformation in his daughter's life post-surgery, and his advocacy work. Mike also touches on the stigma surrounding epilepsy, the importance of compassion, and his career shift from law enforcement to comedy, using humor to inform and inspire others.    Guest links: www.MikeKnox.com   Charity supported: Save the Children Interested in being a guest on the show or have feedback to share? Email us at theleadingdifference@velentium.com.  PRODUCTION CREDITS Host: Lindsey Dinneen Editing: Marketing Wise Producer: Velentium   EPISODE TRANSCRIPT Episode 052 - Mike Knox [00:00:00] Lindsey Dinneen: Hi, I'm Lindsey and I'm talking with MedTech industry leaders on how they change lives for a better world. [00:00:09] Diane Bouis: The inventions and technologies are fascinating and so are the people who work with them. [00:00:15] Frank Jaskulke: There was a period of time where I realized, fundamentally, my job was to go hang out with really smart people that are saving lives and then do work that would help them save more lives. [00:00:28] Diane Bouis: I got into the business to save lives and it is incredibly motivating to work with people who are in that same business, saving or improving lives. [00:00:38] Duane Mancini: What better industry than where I get to wake up every day and just save people's lives. [00:00:42] Lindsey Dinneen: These are extraordinary people doing extraordinary work, and this is The Leading Difference. Hello, and welcome back to another episode of The Leading Difference podcast. I'm your host, Lindsey, and I am so excited to introduce you to my guest today, Mike Knox. Mike is a standup comedian and author of the book, "Vivien's Rain," about his daughter's epilepsy and the medical device that saved her life. He is a retired parole agent, and I am so excited that he is joining us today because he has a very unique take on the medical device field from a personal encounter. All right. Well, welcome, Mike. Thank you so much for being here. I'm so excited to speak with you. [00:01:27] Mike Knox: Thank you for having me. [00:01:29] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, of course. Well, you come to the medtech field and to medical devices in a very kind of unique pathway, and I'm very excited to dive into that. But before we do, would you mind just sharing a little bit about yourself, your background, and what you're doing today, what led you to today? [00:01:48] Mike Knox: Sure. I'm retired law enforcement and now I'm full time stand up comedian and an actor, much better than law enforcement. And I have a daughter who has epilepsy. She's 17 now. She started having seizures at the age of two. And by the age of eight, she got a vagus nerve stimulator, which basically saved her life. So it's a small implant that's like a -- I'm not supposed to say this-- but it's basically like a pacemaker, but for your brain. So it's a small generator that attaches onto your vagus nerve and sends impulses to interrupt your seizure. So she's now been seizure free for eight years. And I go basically go and I'm an ambassador for the company that makes this product. And I go and talk about this product, which is basically, I mean, it has saved my daughter's life. And not only that, but beyond that, it's allowed her to be get her life back basically because she was pretty much just a little zombie cause she was on so much medication at the time. So really for the past 15 years, it was just my wife and I living day to day as parents just trying, you know, in and out of the hospital with my daughter. So now she's in a great place and that affords me the time to go out and talk. [00:02:54] Lindsey Dinneen: Wow. That's incredible. Okay. So can we go back a little bit and talk about what life was like before this device, before you discovered this device, before all of the changes started happening for the better, but can you just paint a picture of what did daily life look like and how did that go? [00:03:13] Mike Knox: It was waiting for the seizure to happen. And most of them were at night, so it would usually be my wife and I taking turns watching my daughter all night long. And she'd be be on medication, but she'd have break breakthrough seizures. She would have partial seizures, but they would go into grand malls and we'd have to go always to the hospital because that's where the rescue medication was. And then it would be at the hospital, always confusion because they were the hospital that was local, wasn't really trained. And we kind of found out not a lot of hospitals, emergency rooms, were trained for seizures, which seizures have been around 2000 years. So there's a lot of misinformation, a lot of not really good education. And that's where I, as a parent thought, this stuff really needs to change. So that's what my wife and I did was, you know, started small talking to our hospital and just trying to get a policy in place where we could, you know, safely get my kid from here to the hospital. Then as time went by kind of technology caught up and we were able to have a rescue medication at home. But there were times where my daughter flatlined twice. So it was very scary. And it was just like living day to day because we we're in crisis mode and waiting for that next seizure to happen. It really did for us, was that seizure was stalking us, always waiting, we never knew when it was going to happen, kind of narrowed it down to that might be at night or coming out of her sleep when waking up, like on the way to school. But it really held you hostage. You weren't able to, we weren't able to go anywhere. You always had to think of where you were gonna go and plan things out. And your friends and family kind of abandoned you be just because they don't know what's going on. They don't understand what your family's going through. And I think a lot of parents see that also as, people just don't understand what it is you're going through when you have a medical problem. And so, when she did get this device that changed everything. And the number one thing that it did was it finally allowed our family to sleep, which we hadn't been doing for years. I mean, it was really same with my daughter. She wasn't able to sleep. So then she's not able to really concentrate at school. The school didn't understand, and they thought she was just being lazy rather than she has epilepsy. And so it's always there trying to advocate for your child. It's still doing that, still dealing with school things where I'm having to advocate for her. And that's just what you're doing as a parent is trying to do the best for your child. [00:05:24] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, absolutely. Oof. Yeah. Thank you for sharing more about that and painting a picture for us. And then, so in your research, in thinking, there's got to be something out there. I would imagine as a parent going, "There's got to be a solution. There's got to be something out there." Did that research eventually lead you to the company that you now help speak about and whatnot? [00:05:45] Mike Knox: Yes. And that was, and I always tell people this too, is don't rely 100 percent on the medical system, meet them halfway and do your research. Cause a lot of it is, it's what I realized is, just a lot of it is failure. It's constantly failing and failing. And we went to different doctors in different hospitals and the insurance would say that it doesn't cover this, but we kind of bypassed the insurance to get to where the doctor that we wanted to. It took us about five years to get a diagnosis, to find out what was happening, to find the right doctor cause there were a lot of horrible doctors. And then you have to understand that, because I never really was in and out of hospitals, and I never really understood what, what the policy, every hospital is different. Every doctor is different and different doctors don't know. We were going to doctors thinking that they knew what epilepsy was, and they didn't. They weren't going to say anything, but they were a primary doctor or they were a specialty doctor. They didn't know what epilepsy was. And so researching and finding out, and then we had read about VNS, Vegas Nerve Simulator. And our doctor at the time had said, "No, it won't work." Well, that wasn't true because it's worked. And a lot of it is the drive is pharmaceuticals and you're kind of experimenting. That one doctor, she was doing fine on one medication and he wanted to change it and that caused her to have all these crazy other seizures. And you got to let go of this kind of grudge that you have, and the kind of anger, which we did for a lot of medical, you kind of got to look positively at the ones who are helping you. I really found out that a lot of the nurses were a lot more helpful, where I always thought the doctor's the one that's going to have the knowledge. And a lot of it was the nurses that had the knowledge, not that the doctors don't, but there were more nurses that were more helpful. And I always, my number one thing was compassion. You as a parent coming in there wanting compassion for your kid. At least that's what I was looking for. [00:07:25] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Yeah, and so okay, so you found this device or you found this technology and you go, "Okay I think maybe this could help my child. The doctor is a little skeptical, but we don't really know the reasons behind that. Maybe they just don't have the experience to understand how it could help. And there's new technology coming out all the time." But so, so that happened. And then what got you to a yes, where you could actually try this and see the impact that it could have for your daughter? [00:07:52] Mike Knox: A lot of it was desperation. We had left one doctor after just years there and kind of figuring out, he has no idea what he's doing, and we can never call him on that. Went to another doctor and what you're doing with epilepsy is you're trying to find out where the seizure is coming from. So they do an EEG, and so they're attaching all these leads to your head and we were in the hospital for eight days the first time. No seizure, you know, you're off the meds. They're trying to induce a seizure, nothing happened. So the new doctor said, "We've got to do the same thing again." It's just exhausting because you're like, "I don't want to put my kid through that." But you have to, so we went through another EEG, caught a seizure, saw that they were coming from three different ways. Cause we were first looking at brain surgery and then her seizure was coming through three different areas of the brain. So now you can't do that. And then that doctor showed us the Vegas Nerve Stimulator, which at the time we had just come to my daughter having this horrible seizure in the hospital. Her recovery was really bad at the time. So I was just overwhelmed with this doctor showing me this small device that looked like a silver dollar and it just was too unbelievable for me at the time, but I knew that we had to do something for my daughter because it was the last resort. We didn't really have we'd run out of all options. It had been years of hospitals and doctors and back and forth. And so really, to me, it was our only option. And It just seemed so unbelievable because it was such a small device and, I think a lot of it was, nobody else had ever talked about it before. And so I had to go back and like look and go, oh, at the time, it'd been around 20 years. And then I also looked at-- I mean, I was a horrible student-- but I looked mathematically at, "Wow, this percentage of-- it's not a cure, but she could have a life that's 80 percent better. Well, I got through college with all C's. I'll take those numbers." And so it was pretty much at the time it was a no brainer just because everything was just so horrible that it was just, it was-- another chance was given to us. We had run out of options. We didn't have any. [00:09:46] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, of course. So you take this risk and you go, "Well, you know, if it has the percentage potential of maybe it'll improve her life this drastically," it was worth the risk, I would imagine, from both your perspective and your daughter's perspective. And then, so you do this surgery, you've got this implant. Now what is life like these days? Can she travel? Can she do much more than she was able to do before? [00:10:11] Mike Knox: Life is great. I just want to talk about the surgery itself, was that was another fear. I didn't want to put my daughter through the surgery, how horrible it was. It was so easy. It was, we went in and out. It's an outpatient surgery. It took maybe about an hour. It was so simple and a lot of it was just me as a parent being afraid. I was so afraid of everything watching my kid go through so much that that's what I tell everybody now. It was so simple because she's on her second battery because it needs to be replaced. So the first one lasted almost about eight years. So she's on her second one. And the second time around was even simpler because now they've got, at the time we got ours, I think she was only the eighth, in Los Angeles that got it, so the protocol wasn't in place. Now the protocol is in place. So they'll kind of get you in and out real quick and they all kind of know what it is, where at the time when my daughter first had it they didn't know what it was, so a lot of strides have taken place and now the hospitals know exactly what to do. So it's very simple. Whereas, and I run into a lot of parents that are afraid to give that the surgery and kind of all the things that go along with the surgery. And it's so simple and you never, you don't really. Nobody really knows. Now her life is absolutely wonderful. I mean, she went from not being able to keep up in school to now. Shockingly is cause I was such a horrible student. Gets straight A's and she, I mean, to me, that's the amazing part of, I really saw this device propel her and she was learning, which she couldn't do before because she was having seizures and her You know, she couldn't think, she had brain fog, she had all these kind of things that we all kind of, kind of take for granted that we don't really know, but that's what I mean by she, when she was a zombie at the age of eight was that she just couldn't think because she was having so much brain activity from her seizures, and a lot of times she's having seizures you couldn't even see them just as a parent you would instinctively know, oh, this isn't good, I've got to get her out of these, you know, I've got to take her home or I've got to give her medication. You know, that was another fear of mine too, was that, you know, when she's at school or she's with, you know, I'd come to school a couple of times where she would, I'd had them at school, but the school wasn't aware I found her on the play yard. I found her in the classroom and the school just, none of the schools are equipped because they're by law, they don't have to be. And so what I love about the Vegas nerve simulator is it's her bodyguard. It's with her 24 hours a day. It's somebody watching over her and it allows her just to do the things that we all take for granted. And. You know, like she's able to go to school and I feel comfortable now that she's a teenager, which was another thing was growing up. I want her to have her independence. You know, and now I can feel comfortable where she doesn't text me through the day because she's just a teenager forgets that she has it. And that's the best part to me about it. [00:12:47] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, that's incredible. Wow. That's an amazing story. Thank you so much for sharing that. And I'm curious now. So you got to a point where you saw the incredible difference it made in your daughter's life and then of course your family's life. And you're obviously very passionate about this device itself and the company. So now you are helping to spread the word. Can you share more about your advocacy and your work for that? [00:13:11] Mike Knox: I just felt nobody was there to talk to me about it, and so if there's ever any parents or kids that are looking at it, and it's, again, it's just fear of the unknown. So I go and advocate and talk about this great device. I probably get four or five calls. Most people don't want to talk about it, but I probably get four or five calls a year from parents, then they just have all sorts of curious questions. Number one, "Is it going to hurt? Am I going to be able to," one kid asked me the other day, "Am I still going to be able to ski?" And I said, "You're probably going to be able to ski a lot better because you're going to be able to focus on that." And I just tell him basically my story, which going back to, because it's not a cure, you have to wait. And so in the beginning when she first got it, it was about six months of no seizures, which was great. But then she had about five, but the vagus nerve stimulator comes with a magnet. And you can swipe that over your chest and that'll stop the seizures most of the time. And so I saw that progressing. And so I was always kind of writing down stuff and seeing that progress. And it was really at the six month mark where we all slept through the night. And I said, "Oh wow, she's sleeping." She never slept through the night before. She was always a lot of insomnia and stomach pain and I'm just getting up through the night. So she slept like a good 12 hours. And I was like, "Oh wow, that's huge." That, beyond the seizures, is huge. And then there was a morning where she got up, dressed herself, which she could never do; made her lunch, which she never did; made her breakfast, ate breakfast. So while my wife and I were sleeping, she did all this stuff on her own, which she could never do. You always had to tell her, like you literally had to tell her, "Okay, it's time to get up out of the bed," and you'd have to tell her several times. It's not just being a kid. She just wasn't processing. Just like she couldn't process sarcasm or humor, which was very hard for me as a father 'cause I wanted to joke around with my kid. And then she put together this Lego set, read the directions, which she could never do before. So you can really see like, wow, the Vagus Nerve Simulator has got her basically mind on track and she's being able to focus, which she could never do before, always distracted about everything. And then on the way to school, driving her, she was joking with me, and you could see like that spark in her eye that I had seen when she was younger, but hadn't seen in a long, probably six years. And, so beyond the seizures I was like, "Oh wow, this is working." So it really doesn't matter if it's working 100 or not. Something is happening here, and it's for the betterment of my child. And that's what I run into also is, people want that quick fix. They want 100 percent. They just want a cure. That's not what this is, but it's a heck of a lot better than where she was eight years ago, almost 10 years now. That's another thing. It really flies by because she got her first one at the age of eight and then she got her next one at 16. And, that is another positive about it, because life kind of stands still when you're in this crisis from anything medical, and now she's just able to live her life and be a kid. And that's the amazing part about it. [00:15:54] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, absolutely. Thank you for sharing. You mentioned early on something that stood out to me is, it's often difficult, I think, when there's a medical diagnosis or some pressing medical issue. It makes it hard for people outside of the family to understand what's going on, and therefore they might feel uncomfortable, and they're not quite sure how to offer to help or to just be there for you. And I'm curious, since you experienced some of that loneliness and distance, going through this difficult time, as a parent and now as an advocate, is there just some general advice you might share with people who might be in a situation where they have a family member or friend struggling with something, but they're not quite sure how to be there for that person? [00:16:40] Mike Knox: Yeah. I think the easiest thing is send them a card and just let them know. 'Cause I think a lot of people are thinking, "Oh, just text, but I don't know what to text them. And I don't want to say like, 'If there's anything I could do,' cause there isn't anything I could do." And that's a lot when you have like with epilepsy, there isn't anything anybody could do. And then people, they're giving you bad advice because they see it on TV. Like I would always get advice about, "Have you tried smoking weed with your kid?" And I'm like, "She's two. Yeah, I'm not going to smoke weed with my kid." So that's why I say a card, because then you can think about what you're going to say, and what I think is nice is, send some food or something or send a gift card, because for my wife and I, we were at home all the time because we couldn't leave. And I think a lot of people didn't realize that. I could not go to the store because if I leave the house, she's going to then have a seizure and I'm not going to be there for the seizure. So it was debilitating because I'm having to watch her 24 hours a day and nobody else understood that. I just say a card so that people at least know you're thinking about them or something like that. And most people just don't do that. I mean, I think people are thinking that people are going to, I think you see on TV shows, people rally behind you or whatever. They don't. I mean, most people are living their life. And for you as the person that's sick or with the family that's sick, just know that the people still love you and they care about you. They're just doing their own thing, but so you have to then understand that and not be upset with them. I'm not upset with my family that just, my family and friends that just abandoned me, you know? And I think that's life also. It's like, you have to repeat yourself over and over again when you're sick or have a sick kid too, and you'll hear the same stuff like, "Oh, I didn't know your kid was sick," even though you told him a thousand times. You know, "I never knew she had epilepsy." And I just think that's human beings. I think you have to have the compassion for other people also. And that's just, I think you go through all those phases in the beginning. You're going through all that grief and regret and all that stuff. And you just have to kind of let it go. Because people don't know how to deal with it, nor did I as a parent. I had no idea. So I had that crash course in dealing with it. But I think we as a family came out the other side of it. So I am very thankful at the outcome. And all I have is gratitude for where we are now, very thankful that she's in a great place. [00:18:40] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. And now I'm a little curious. So coming back to you and your story and your career trajectory, which sounds like it's had some fun twists and turns in it over the years, but so how has this experience affected both your professional life when you were in law enforcement, and then now as a comedian, are you able to use some of that platform to help even sort of process and then maybe inspire or educate other people through that? [00:19:09] Mike Knox: Yeah, and I look at it like it's all like with my comedy. I use the epilepsy. It's not making fun of epilepsy. It's informing. And I have people that come up to me and talk to me. "Hey, I have epilepsy. I'm so glad you talked about this because there's such a stigma." And I meet so many people and I'm gonna do it again next week where they didn't want to come because they're afraid, they're getting bullied. They don't know how to talk about it. They don't know how to approach it. A lot of families look down on it. There is a huge stigma for some reason. They're embarrassed that their family member has it or their child or whatever it is. And I really think that starts with state laws. So there was a law that was just passed in California where the schools have to identify seizures and everybody needs to be trained and that passed. And that took about five years and I worked on that. And that's where it starts with trying to educate people and starting with that one on one, you going and talking about it. But I do believe that only laws are going to change things and change people's mind. There's a lot of fake seizure videos that are on YouTube, a lot on TikTok, under the guise of comedy. And I don't agree with that. I don't think it's comedy at all. It's not something that I do. And that's something that I try to educate people on also is, it's not funny. There's people that are dying from epilepsy. And so just getting out there and talking to people. When I get that information, I just write that down and categorize it and see where the problems are. And it all goes back to just misinformation and people not talking about it. And that goes back to the funding and how the world works. Can people make money out of this? That's the only way that they look at it. If I had tons of money, I think you could solve it a lot quicker. I just take it day by day, and who I can talk to, and who I can show compassion to, again, because I think that's what people are looking for. And people just want a voice. They want somebody to talk to and you, and listen to other people. You know, I, that's kind of how I approach it also is listening to other people's stories because they feel unheard. And I think that's important. And through my older jobs and this job. And I think all you can kind of do is laugh at it 'cause it gets so overwhelming and so crazy. And you can't force people to see the way that you see things. So you kind of just got to laugh at it. And I think that's, I think that's healing in a way, a lot of people also, and especially with comedy. I mean, people come there, they know why they're coming there. They're coming there to laugh. A lot of it is they're coming from their horrible life, coming there for an hour or two to get away from it all. So I think it is beneficial to a lot of people. [00:21:27] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, absolutely. So what is your hope for the future or your excitement for the future as things continue to progress and more awareness is in place, more legislation to help with responses to this kind of situation? What are you looking forward to or potentially excited about? [00:21:46] Mike Knox: So I just look forward to a day where I don't have to do this anymore. Not going to happen, but I do see a lot of great technology and I see a lot of great strides within the last five to 10 years in the medical field with medical devices. And that's what I hope for. I hope for something, like with the vagus nerve stimulator, they're looking at having a rechargeable battery or not having to replace the battery. And that's what I hope for. And I hope for, that I never have to hear anything about seizures or epilepsy. I know that's not gonna happen, but for my daughter and everybody else I would love to find a cure for it. And anybody that has to deal with any kind of medical device, hopefully, you know, we can put more funding into it and have more cures. And I think we are at a great time for so much success in, I mean, we're living longer, we're living better. These next couple of generations are, I mean, my mom's 88. People are living a lot longer and a lot healthier, and so I guess if I have to be positive, that's what I'm positive about. [00:22:41] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Well, that's good. That's taking the challenge with the opportunity and saying, "Okay, let's see what happens from it." So, you know, it's a step in the right direction for sure. All right. So, pivoting the conversation just for fun. Imagine that you were to be offered a million dollars to teach a masterclass on anything you want. It could be something that you've been working on from your career so far, so a skill set you've developed over time, but it could be completely unrelated. What would you choose to teach and why? [00:23:13] Mike Knox: It would have to be comedy because I've done so much comedy for free. I think that I can understand to teach that to other people and to tell them kind of all the traps of comedy. And it is just, comedy is consistency. It's getting your, you know, five minutes is really four minutes 'cause you're going to have about a minute of laughter if you're funny or not, but getting consistent and embracing the failure of it. And to me, those are the components of comedy because you've got to stand up there. A lot of it is you got to stand up there and embrace the darkness of being up on stage, which a lot of people don't want to do. And then you've got your material and you've got to be able to care. You've got to get new material and carry that material. So if you can, what I've seen, if you can get past that first five minutes and get 10 minutes and 15 minutes and so on, you're going to be okay. And so if I were to get a million dollars, I think that's the masterclass that I could teach. [00:24:00] Lindsey Dinneen: I love it. I love it. Okay. Awesome. And how do you wish to be remembered after you leave this world? [00:24:07] Mike Knox: To me, it's just that I did good. I think that to me, that's important. Do good and be good. ' Cause we see so much negativity all the time and we see so many people that it's like, you know, "Oh, I scammed this person out of that, but they deserved it." And there's kind of like no moral compass. So, when I was a, when I worked in law enforcement before, you know, people that you didn't even think that you touched their lives at all would say, "Hey, thank you. You made me recognize something different." And I think that's what life is all about. You've changed somebody's life or done some sort of kindness. It doesn't even matter. I think that's what a lot of it is these little things in life where you didn't even know that you did something to somebody. And it's that spider web of life where you your life intertwined with somebody. You weren't even aware of what you did but that impacted that person's life so much. And I think that's what we're here for is you're always trying to help other people. I mean, that's the whole point. [00:24:59] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, I agree. Yeah. Okay. And then final question. What is one thing that makes you smile every time you see or think about it? [00:25:08] Mike Knox: Definitely seeing the vagus nerve simulator working; anything with my daughter. I think being in crisis for so long, and just like yesterday, my daughter made cinnamon rolls. She likes to bake. So watching her make something from scratch and then having her happy and excited that she made something-- that, that to me is happy. Well, that always makes me smile. So it is those little things that always make me smile. [00:25:35] Lindsey Dinneen: I love that. Excellent. Well, this has been an incredible conversation. Mike, thank you so much for being here. I really appreciate your time and I really appreciate your commitment to sharing the word and being a positive helper in this situation. So if folks would want to get in contact with you, maybe because they have some questions or whatnot, or they want to follow your work, how could they do that? [00:25:59] Mike Knox: Sure. On all platforms, I'm Mike Knox, at Mike Knox comedy, or I have a website at mikeknox. com. [00:26:05] Lindsey Dinneen: Perfect. Excellent. Well, thank you so much again for your time today. We are so honored to be making a donation on your behalf as a thank you for your time today to Save the Children, which works to end the cycle of poverty by ensuring communities have the resources to provide children with a healthy, educational, and safe environment. So thank you so much for choosing that charity to support, and also thank you for continuing to work to change lives for a better world. [00:26:35] Mike Knox: Thank you so much for having me. [00:26:38] Lindsey Dinneen: Of course, absolutely. And thank you also to our listeners for tuning in. And if you're feeling as inspired as I am at the moment, I would love if you would share this episode with a colleague or two, and we will catch you next time. [00:26:53] Ben Trombold: The Leading Difference is brought to you by Velentium. Velentium is a full-service CDMO with 100% in-house capability to design, develop, and manufacture medical devices from class two wearables to class three active implantable medical devices. Velentium specializes in active implantables, leads, programmers, and accessories across a wide range of indications, such as neuromodulation, deep brain stimulation, cardiac management, and diabetes management. Velentium's core competencies include electrical, firmware, and mechanical design, mobile apps, embedded cybersecurity, human factors and usability, automated test systems, systems engineering, and contract manufacturing. Velentium works with clients worldwide, from startups seeking funding to established Fortune 100 companies. Visit velentium.com to explore your next step in medical device development. And we just wish you the most continued success as you work to change lives for a better world.

Join Jay Gunkelman, QEEGD (the man who has analyzed over 500,000 brain scans) and host Pete Jansons for another engaging NeuroNoodle Neurofeedback Podcast episode discussing neuroscience, psychology, mental health, and brain training.✅ Mouth Breathing & Apnea Myths: Jay dives into common misconceptions about neurofeedback's role in treating sleep apnea and nasal vs. mouth breathing patterns.✅ Understanding Mu & the Mirror Neuron System: We break down mu rhythms, their connection to frontal lobe function, and what they reveal about disengagement and attention.✅ Gamma Brainwaves: Helpful or Harmful? Jay clears the confusion around gamma activity, discussing the difference between healthy “chirps” and pathological patterns.✅ Bonus Brainwaves & Topics Covered:--Overtraining symptoms and vascular clients-Smell loss and the olfactory system-EEG signs of inattention and drowsiness-Compressed neurofeedback protocols and RAD findings-Environmental disruptors: EMFs, microplastics, LED light-The neuroscience of shame, guilt, and early development-Jay's October EEG Summit at the Yacht Club✅ Key Moments0:00 – Intro0:32 – Questions left over from our Q&A Show

The goal of CPR is to keep the brain and vital organs perfused until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is achieved.Post-arrest care and recovery are the final two links in the chain of survival.Identification of ROSC during CPR.Initial patient management goals after identifying ROSC.The patient's GCS/LOC should be evaluated to determine if targeted temperature management (TTM) is indicated.Patients that cannot obey simple commands should receive TTM for at least 24 hours.Recently published studies on TTM and ACLS's current standard.Monitoring the patient's core temperature during TTM.Patients can undergo EEG, CT, MRI, & PCI while receiving TTM.Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Practice ECG rhythms at Dialed Medics - https://dialedmedics.com/Safe Meds VIP - Learn about medication safety and download a free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vipPass ACLS Web Site - Episode archives & other ACLS-related podcasts: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn No statistical diff (TTM2 summary): https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.122.026539

Despite advances in epilepsy management, disparities and lack of inclusion of many people with epilepsy are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Improving awareness and promoting diversity in research participation can advance treatment for underserved populations and improve trust. In this episode, Teshamae Monteith, MD, PhD, FAAN speaks Dave F. Clarke, MBBS, FAES, author of the article “Diversity and Underserved Patient Populations in Epilepsy,” in the Continuum® February 2025 Epilepsy issue. Dr. Monteith is a Continuum® Audio interviewer and an associate editor of Continuum® Audio and an associate professor of clinical neurology at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine in Miami, Florida. Dr. Clarke is the Kozmetsky Family Foundation Endowed Chair of Pediatric Epilepsy and Chief or Comprehensive Pediatric Epilepsy Center, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Additional Resources Read the article: Diversity and Underserved Patient Populations in Epilepsy Subscribe to Continuum: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN Host: @HeadacheMD Full episode transcript available here Dr Jones: This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum, the premier topic-based neurology clinical review and CME journal from the American Academy of Neurology. Thank you for joining us on Continuum Audio, which features conversations with Continuum's guest editors and authors who are the leading experts in their fields. Subscribers to the Continuum Journal can read the full article or listen to verbatim recordings of the article and have access to exclusive interviews not featured on the podcast. Please visit the link in the episode notes for more information on the article, subscribing to the journal, and how to get CME. Dr Monteith: This is Dr Teshamae Monteith. Today I'm interviewing Dr Dave Clarke about his article on diversity and underserved patient populations in epilepsy, which appears in the February 2025 Continuum issue on epilepsy. So why don't you introduce yourself to our audience? Dr Clarke: Sure. My name is Dr Dave Clarke, as alluded to. I'm presently at the University of Texas in Austin, originating from much farther south. I'm from Antigua, but have been here for quite a while working within the field in epilepsy surgery, but more and more getting involved in outreach, access to care, and equity of healthcare in epilepsy. Dr Monteith: And how did you get involved in this kind of work? Dr Clarke: That's an amazing question. You know, I did it in a bit of a inside out fashion. I initially started working in the field and trying to get access to persons in the Caribbean that didn't have any neurological care or investigative studies, but very quickly realized that persons around the corner here in Texas and wherever I've worked have had the exact same problems, getting access via fiscal or otherwise epilepsy care, or geographically getting access, with so few having neurologists close at hand. Therefore, I started working both on a regional, national, and it transcended to a global scale. Dr Monteith: Wow, so you're just everywhere. Dr Clarke: Well, building bridges. I've found building bridges and helping with knowledge and garnering knowledge, you can expand your reach without actually moving, which is quite helpful. Dr Monteith: Yeah. So why don't you tell us why you think this work is so important in issues of diversity, underserved populations, and of course, access to epilepsy care? Dr Clarke: Sure, not a problem. And I think every vested person in this can give you a different spiel as to why they think it's important. So, I'll add in a few facts pertaining to access, but also tell you about why I think personally that it's not only important, but it will improve care for all and improve what you believe you could do for a patient. Because the sad thing is to have a good outcome in the United States presently, we have over three hundred epilepsy centers, but they have about eight or nine states that don't have any epilepsy centers at all. And even within states themselves, people have to travel up to eight hours, i.e., in Texas, to get adequate epilepsy care. So that's one layer. Even if you have a epilepsy center around the corner, independent of just long wait times, if you have a particular race or ethnicity, we've found out that wait may be even longer or you may be referred to a general practitioner moreso than being referred to an epilepsy center. Then you add in layers of insurance or lack thereof, which is a big concern regardless of who you are; poverty, which is a big concern; and the layers just keep adding more. Culture, etcetera, etcetera. If you could just break down some of those barriers, it has been shown quite a few years ago that once you get to an epilepsy center, you can negate some of those factors. You can actually reduce time to access and you can improve care. So, that's why I'm so passionate about this, because something could potentially be done about it. Dr Monteith: That's cool. So, it sounds like you have some strategies, some strategies for us. Dr Clarke: Indeed. And you know, this is a growth and this is a learning curve for me and will be for others. But I think on a very local, one-to-one scale, the initial strategy I would suggest is you have to be a good listener. Because we don't know how, when, where or why people are coming to us for their concerns. And in order to judge someone, if they may not have had a follow-up visit or they may not have gotten to us after five medications, the onus may not have been on that person. In other words, as we learned when we were in medical school, history is extremely important, but social history, cultural history, that's also just as important when we're trying to create bridges. The second major thing that we have to learn is we can't do this alone. So, without others collaborating with us outside of even our fields, the social worker who will engage, the community worker who will discuss the translator for language; unless you treat those persons with respect and engage with those persons to help you to mitigate problems, you'll not get very far. And then we'll talk about more, but the last thing I'll say now is they have so many organizations out there, the Institute of Medicine or the International League Against Epilepsy or members of the American Epilepsy Society, that have ways, ideas, papers, and articles that can help guide you as to how better mitigate many of these problems. Dr Monteith: Great. So, you already mentioned a lot of things. What are some things that you feel absolutely the reader should take away in reading your article? You mentioned already listening skills, the importance of interdisciplinary work, including social work, and that there are strategies that we can use to help reduce some of this access issues. But give me some of the essential points and then we'll dive in. Dr Clarke: OK. I think first and foremost we have to lay the foundation in my mind and realize what exactly is happening. If you are Native American, of African descent, Hispanic, Latinx, geographically not in a region where care can be delivered, choosing one time to epilepsy surgery may be delayed twice, three, four times that of someone of white descent. If you are within certain regions in the US where they may have eight, nine, ten, fourteen epilepsy centers, you may get to that center within two to three years. But if you're in an area where they have no centers at all, or you live in the Dakotas, it may be very difficult to get to an individual that could provide that care for you. That's very, very basic. But a few things have happened a few years ago and even more recently that can help. COVID created this groundswell of ambulatory engagement and ambulatory care. I think that can help to mitigate time to get into that person and improving access. In saying that, there are many obstacles to that, but that's what we have to work towards: that virtual engagement and virtual care. That would suggest in some instances to some persons that it will take away the one-to-one care that you may get with persons coming to you. But I guarantee that you will not lose patients because of this, because there's too big a vacuum. Only 22% of persons that should actually get to epilepsy centers actually get to epilepsy centers. So, I think we can start with that foundation, and you can go to the article and learn a lot more about what the problems are. Because if you don't know what the problems are, you can't come up with solutions. Dr Monteith: Just give us a few of the most persistent inequities and epilepsy care? Dr Clarke: Time to seeing a patient, very persistent. And that's both a disparity, a deficiency, and an inequity. And if you allow me, I'll just explain the slight but subtle difference. So, we know that time to surgery in epilepsy in persons that need epilepsy surgery can be as long as seventeen years. That's for everyone, so that's a deficiency in care. I just mentioned that some sociodemographic populations may not get the same care as someone else, and that's a disparity between one versus the other. Health equity, whether it be from NIH or any other definition, suggests that you should get equitable care between one person and the other. And that brings in not only medical, medicolegal or potential bias, that we may have one person versus the other. So, there's a breakdown as to those different layers that may occur. And in that I'm telling you what some of the potential differences are. Dr Monteith: And so, you mentioned, it comes up, race and ethnicity being a major issue as well as some of the geographic factors. How does that impact diagnosis and really trying to care for our patients? Dr Clarke: So again, I'm going to this article or going to, even. prior articles. It has been shown by many, and most recently in New Jersey, that if you're black, Hispanic, Latin- Latinx, it takes you greater than two times the time to surgery. Reduced time to surgery significantly increases morbidity. It potentially increases mortality, as has been shown by a colleague of mine presently in Calgary. And independent of that, we don't look at the other things, the other socially related things. Driving, inability to work, inability to be adequately educated, the stigma related to that in various cultures, various countries. So, that deficit not only increased the probability of having seizures, but we have to look at the umbrella as to what it does. It significantly impacts quality of life of that individual and, actually, the individuals around them. Dr Monteith: So, what are some of these drivers, and how can we address them, or at least identify them, in our clinic? Dr Clarke: That's a question that's rather difficult to answer. And not because there aren't ideas about it, but there's actually mitigating those ideas or changing those ideas we're just presently trying to do. Although outlines have been given. So, in about 2013, the federal government suggested outlines to improve access and to reduce these inequities. And I'll just give you a few of them. One of those suggestions was related to language and having more improved and readily available translators. Something simple, and that could actually foster discussions and time to better management. Another suggestion was try to train more persons from underserved populations, persons of color. Reason being, it has been shown in the social sciences and it is known in the medical sciences that, if you speak to a person of similar culture, you tend to have a better rapport, you tend to be more compliant, and that track would move forward, and it reduces bias. Now we don't have that presently, and I'm not sure if we'll have that in the near future, although we're trying. So then, within your centers, if you have trainings on cultural sensitivity, or if you have engagements and lectures about how you can engage persons from different populations, those are just some very simple pearls that can improve care. This has been updated several times with the then-Institute of Medicine in 2012, 2013, they came out with, in my mind, a pretty amazing article---but I'm very biased---in which they outline a number of strategic initiatives that could be taken to improve research, improve clinical care, improve health equity through health services research, to move the field forward, and to improve overall care. They updated this in 2020, and it's a part of the 2030 federal initiative not only for epilepsy, but to improve overarching care. All of this is written in bits and pieces and referenced in the article. To add icing on top, the World Health Organization, through advocacy of neurological groups as well as the International League Against Epilepsy and the AES, came out with the Intersectoral Action Plan on Epilepsy and Other Neurological Diseases, which advocates for parallel improvement in overall global care. And the United States have signed on to it, and that have lit a fire to our member organizations like the American Epilepsy Society, American Academy of Neurology, and others, trying to create initiatives to address this here. I started off by saying this was difficult because, you know, we have debated epilepsy care through 1909 when the International League against Epilepsy was founded, and we have continually come up with ways to try and advance care. But this have been the most difficult and critical because there's social dynamics and social history and societal concerns that have negated us moving forward in this direction. But fortunately, I think we're moving in that direction presently. That's my hope. And the main thing we have to do is try to sustain that. Dr Monteith: So, you talked about the importance of these global initiatives, which is huge, and other sectors outside of neurology. Like for example, technology, you spoke about telemedicine. I think you were referring to telemedicine with COVID. What other technologies that are more specific to the field of epilepsy, some of these monitorings that maybe can be done? Dr Clarke: I was just going to just going to jump on that. Thank you so much for asking. Dr Monteith: I have no disclosures in this field. I think it's important and exciting to think how can we increase access and even access to monitoring some of these technologies. That might be expensive, which is another issue, but…. Dr Clarke: So, the main things in epilepsy diagnosis and management: you want to hear from the patient history, you want to see what the seizures look like, and then you want to find ways in which to monitor those seizures. Hearing from the patient, they have these questionnaires that have been out there, and this is local, regional, global, many of them standardized in English and Spanish. Our colleagues in Boston actually created quite a neat one in English and Spanish that some people are using. Ecuador has one. We have created someone- something analogous. And those questionnaires can be sent out virtually and you can retrieve them. But sometimes seeing is believing. So, video uploads of seizures, especially the cell phone, I think has been management-changing for the field of epilepsy. The thing you have to do however, is do that in a HIPAA-compliant way. And several studies are ongoing. In my mind, one of the better studies here was done on the East Coast, but another similar study, to be unnamed, but again, written out in the articles. When you go into these apps, you can actually type in a history and upload a video, but the feed is not only going to you, it may be going to the primary care physician. So, it not only helps in one way in you educating the patient, but you educate that primary care physician and they become extenders and providers. I must add here my colleagues, because we can't do without them. Arguably in some instances, some of the most important persons to refer patients, that's the APPs, the PAs and the nurse practitioners out there, that help to refer patients and share patients with us. So, that's the video uploads they're seeing. But then the other really cool part that we're doing now is the ambulatory world of EEGs. Ceribell, Zeto, to name of few, in which you could potentially put the EEG leads on persons with or without the EEG technologist wirelessly and utilize the clouds to review the EEGs. It's not perfect just yet, but that person that has to travel eight hours away from me, if I could do that and negate that travel when they don't have money to pay for travel or they have some potential legal issues or insurance-related issues and I could read the EEG, discuss with them via telemedicine their care, it actually improves access significantly. I'm going to throw in one small twist that, again, it's not perfect. We're now trying to monitor via autonomic features, heart rate movement and others, for seizures and alert family members, parents, because although about 100,000 people may be affected with epilepsy, we're talking about 500,000 people who are also affected that are caregivers, affiliates, husbands, wives, etcetera. Just picture it: you have a child, let's say three, four years old and every time they have a seizure- or not every time, but 80% of times when they have a seizure, it alerts you via your watch or it alerts you in your room. It actually gives that child a sense of a bit more freedom. It empowers you to do something about it because you can understand here. It potentially negates significant morbidity. I won't stretch it to say SUDEP, but hopefully the time will come when actually it can prevent not only morbidity, but may prevent death. And I think that's the direction we are going in, to use technology to our benefit, but in a HIPAA-compliant way and in a judicious way in order to make sure that we not only don't overtreat, but at the end of the day, we have the patient as number one, meaning everything is vested towards that patient and do no harm. Dr Monteith: Great. One thing you had mentioned earlier was that there are even some simple approaches, efficiency approaches that we can use to try and optimize care for all in our clinics. Give me what I need to know, or do. Give me what I need to do. Dr Clarke: Yeah, I'll get personal as to what we're trying to do here, if you don't mind. The initial thing we did, we actually audited care and time to care delivery. And then we tried to figure out what we could do to improve that access and time to care, triaging, etcetera. A very, very simple thing that can be done, but you have to look at costs, is to have somebody that actually coordinates getting persons in and out of your center. If you are a neurologist that works in private practice, that could potentially be a nurse being associated directly one-and-one with one of the major centers, a third- or fourth-level center. That coordination is key. Educate your nurses about epilepsy care and what the urgent situations are because it will take away a lot of your headache and your midnight calls because they'll be able to know what to do during the day. Video uploads, as I suggested, regardless of the EMR that you have, figure out a way that a family could potentially send a video to you, because that has significantly helped in reducing investigative studies. Triaging appropriately for us to know what patients we can and cannot see. Extenders has helped me significantly, and that's where I'll end. So, as stated, they had many neurologists and epileptologists, and utilizing appropriately trained nurse practitioners or residents, engaging with them equally, and/or social workers and coordinators, are very helpful. So hopefully that's just some low-hanging fruit that can be done to improve that care. Dr Monteith: So why don't you give us some of your major takeaways to how we can improve epilepsy care for all people? Dr Clarke: I've alluded to some already, but I like counts of threes and fives. So, I think one major thing, which in my mind is a major takeaway, is cultural sensitivity. I don't think that can go too far in improving care of persons with epilepsy. The second thing is, if you see a patient that have tried to adequately use medications and they're still having seizures, please triage them. Please send them to a third- or fourth-level epilepsy center and demand that that third- or fourth-level epilepsy center communicate with you, because that patient will eventually come back and see you. The third thing---I said three---: listen to your patients. Because those patients will actually help and tell you what is needed. And I'm not only talking about listening to them medication-wise. I know we have time constraints, but if you can somehow address some of those social needs of the patients, that will also not only improve care, but negate the multiple calls that you may get from a patient. Dr Monteith: You mentioned a lot already. This is really wonderful. But what I really want to know is what you're most hopeful about. Dr Clarke: I have grandiose hopes, I'll tell you. I'll tell you that from the beginning. My hope is when we look at this in ten years and studies are done to look at equitable care, at least when it comes to race, ethnicity, insurance, we'll be able to minimize, if not end, inequitable care. Very similar to the intersectoral action plan in epilepsy by 2030. I'll tell you something that suggests, and I think it's global and definitely regional, the plan suggests that 90% of persons with epilepsy should know about their epilepsy, 80% of persons with epilepsy should be able to receive appropriate care, and 70% of persons with epilepsy should have adequately controlled epilepsy. 90, 80, 70. If we can get close to that, that would be a significant achievement in my mind. So, when I'm chilling out in my home country on a fishing boat, reading EEGs in ten years, if I can read that, that would have been an achievement that not necessarily I would have achieved, but at least hopefully I would have played a very small part in helping to achieve. That's what I think. Dr Monteith: Awesome. Dr Clarke: I appreciate you asking me that, because I've never said it like that before. In my own mind, it actually helped with clarity. Dr Monteith: I ask great questions. Dr Clarke: There you go. Dr Monteith: Thank you so much. I really- I really appreciate your passion for this area. And the work that you do it's really important, as you mentioned, on a regional, national, and certainly on a global level, important to our patients and even some very simple concepts that we may not always think about on a day-to-day basis. Dr Clarke: Oh, I appreciate it. And you know, I'm always open to ideas. So, if others, including listeners, have ideas, please don't hesitate in reaching out. Dr Monteith: I'm sure you're going to get some messages now. Dr Clarke: Awesome. Thank you so much. Dr Monteith: Thank you. I've been interviewing Dr Dave Clarke about his article on diversity and underserved patient populations in epilepsy, which appears in the most recent issue of Continuum on epilepsy. Be sure to check out Continuum Audio episodes from this and other issues. And thank you to our listeners for joining today. Dr Monteith: This is Dr Teshamae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal, which is full of in-depth and clinically relevant information important for neurology practitioners. Use this link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members, you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.

Israel Gasperin is a visionary entrepreneur, engineering scientist and the founder of Zentrela, a company dedicated to transforming cannabis research through advanced neurotechnology and AI. Under Israel's leadership, Zentrela developed the Psychoactive Effect Level (PEL) metric, an innovative EEG-based measure capable of objectively assessing cannabis products' psychoactive potency. By combining wearable EEG technology with AI-driven EEG analysis, the PEL metric provides cannabis producers, researchers, and regulators with a non-invasive and cost-effective way to quantify product effects and maintain quality control.  At CannMed 25, Israel will share results from over 10,000 EEG scans of consumers using a wide range of cannabis products in his oral presentation titled “Cannabis Effect Research Driven by EEG Technology and Machine Learning”. During our conversation, we discuss:  How Zentrela's wearable EEG technology got its start measuring drowsiness in truck drivers   The unreliability of consumer feedback with regards to cannabis product effects  How the PEL metric was created to measure the unique psychoactive effects of cannabis How producers can use PEL to objectively measure the quality and effectiveness of cannabis products beyond cannabinoid percentages  Research findings that show THC% and PEL% are not directly correlated  and more  Thanks to This Episode's Sponsor: The DENT Institute With more than 300,000 patient visits per year, the DENT Neurologic Institute ranks among the largest neuroscience centers in North America. Its 24 subspecialty clinics often treat the most challenging neurologic conditions including but not limited to Migraine, Chronic pain, ALS, MS, Parkinson's, Dementia, and Neuro-Oncology. With their mission of advancing neuroscience, the Dent Institute established a cannabis clinic in 2016 to aid in the treatment of these chronic conditions seen throughout the institute. Learn more at dentinstitute.com Additional Resources Zentrela Website Israel Gasperin on LinkedIn Use of a Novel EEG-Based Objective Test, the Cognalyzer®, in Quantifying the Strength and Determining the Action Time of Cannabis Psychoactive Effects and Factors that May Influence Them Within an Observational Study Framework Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy of a Novel EEG-Based Objective Test, the Cognalyzer®, in Detecting Cannabis Psychoactive Effects Register for CannMed 25 Meet the CannMed 25 Speakers and Poster Presenters Review the Podcast CannMed Archive

Subscribe here or wherever you get your podcasts. This episode's guide is Santiago Brand, founder and director of MindLab Neuroscience Consulting in Singapore. He is a clinical and sports psychologist with expertise in qEEG, neurofeedback and biofeedback. He teaches and consults all over the world. Santiago gave a free webinar to the NRBS about EEG signs of trauma. In this podcast, we went a bit deeper into some of these biomarkers and how we they can be used to help individuals experiencing the consequences of trauma.Please rate us and leave reviews. It really helps get us to more listeners.This podcast is produced by the Northeast Region Biofeedback Society. NRBS is an organization for professionals, students, and everyone interested in neurofeedback, biofeedback, and whole body health.Learn more about Dr. Saul Rosenthal at advancedbehavioral.care.Contact us at healthybrain@nrbs.org.Our theme music is Catch It by Coma-MediaThe Healthy Brain Happy Body logo was designed by Alexandra VanDerlyke. Our heartfelt thanks to her and the rest of the team at Collectively Rooted.#biofeedback #neurofeedback #nrbs #trauma #PTSD #EEG #qEEG

Join Pete Jansons, Jay Gunkelman, QEEGD (the man who has read over 500,000 brain scans), and Dr. Mari Swingle (author of i-Minds) for another insightful episode of the NeuroNoodle Neurofeedback Podcast!

Many patients with epilepsy are unable to acheive optimal seizure control with medical therapy. Palliative surgical procedures, neurostimulation devices, and other nonpharmalogical treatments can lead to a meaningful reduction in seizures and improved outcomes. In this episode, Teshamae Monteith, MD FAAN, speaks with Daniel Friedman, MD, MSc, author of the article “Surgical Treatments, Devices, and Nonmedical Management of Epilepsy,” in the Continuum® February 2025 Epilepsy issue. Dr. Montieth is a Continuum® Audio interviewer and an associate editor of Continuum® Audio and an associate professor of clinical neurology at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine in Miami, Florida. Dr. Friedman is a professor (clinical) of neurology at NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Director of NYU Langone Comprehensive Epilepsy Center at NYU Langone Health in New York, New York. Additional Resources Read the article: Surgical Treatments, Devices, and Nonmedical Management of Epilepsy Subscribe to Continuum: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN Host: @headacheMD Guest: @dfriedman36  Full episode transcript available here Dr Jones: This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum, the premier topic-based neurology clinical review and CME journal from the American Academy of Neurology. Thank you for joining us on Continuum Audio, which features conversations with Continuum's guest editors and authors who are the leading experts in their fields. Subscribers to the Continuum Journal can read the full article or listen to verbatim recordings of the article and have access to exclusive interviews not featured on the podcast. Please visit the link in the episode notes for more information on the article, subscribing to the journal, and how to get CME. Dr Monteith: This is Dr Teshamae Monteith. Today, I'm interviewing Dr Daniel Friedman about his article on surgical treatments, devices, tools, and non-medication management of epilepsy, which appears in the February 2025 Continuum issue on epilepsy. Welcome to the podcast. How are you? Dr Friedman: I'm well, how are you? Dr Monteith: Thank you for your article. Dr Friedman: Thank you for the opportunity to talk today. Dr Monteith: Why don't you introduce yourself? Dr Friedman: So yeah, so I'm Dan Friedman. I am a professor of neurology here at NYU Grossman School of Medicine and I am the director of the NYU Comprehensive Epilepsy Center. I'm primarily an adult neurologist and I treat teens and adults with hard- difficult-to-treat epilepsy, including surgical treatments for epilepsy. Dr Monteith: And I know you see a lot of patients because I did my residency there. And so, when you graduate, you get a lot of it, like I think many, many residents. What inspired you to choose epilepsy as a profession? Dr Friedman: I came to neurology through my interest in neuroscience. I was a neuroscience undergraduate. I was very interested in the brain and brain function. Particularly, I was interested in how neurons communicate and organize to entrain and rhythms and that encode information. And through that interest and through my experiences in the laboratory, I actually became interested in how they do that in pathological circumstances like seizures. And so, I started reading about epilepsy, and then when I started seeing patients with epilepsy, you know, I decided this is the specialty for me for a lot of reasons. One is it combines inpatient and outpatient care. You get to establish long-term relationships with patients. For many of my patients, I'm probably the doctor that they see most often. You see people across the lifespan. And what I'm going to talk about today is for some people, you actually get to cure their disease, which at the time I was coming into neurology was something pretty rare. Dr Monteith: Yeah, that's great. Why don't you tell us, what were you thinking when you started writing the article? What did you set out to do? Dr Friedman: What I really wanted to do is to educate neurologists out there about the options that they have for their patients with epilepsy, especially those with difficult-to-treat or drug-resistant epilepsy, and give them the tools to communicate those options. Especially for them to understand the rationale, why we choose the interventions that we do as epileptologists, how to appropriately refer patients and have them be partners in that discussion with patients and families. One of the things that we have known for a long time is that the time to referral for things like epilepsy surgery is too long. You know, the average patient with drug resistant epilepsy who undergoes epilepsy surgery waits about twenty years. And for patients who could have curative therapy, you know, become seizure free, that's a lot of life years lost. If we can get patients to that potentially life-altering therapy earlier, that'd be great. Dr Monteith: Yeah, that is really impactful as you think about it. So why don't you tell us what the essential points of your article? Dr Friedman: The central point of my article is really that when patients have drug-resistant epilepsy, which means that our available anti-seizure medicines are not controlling their seizures to the degree that they need, there are other treatment options. Some of those are what we call curative, which means that they could stop their seizures entirely; and some of them are palliative, they could reduce the frequency or severity of seizures and improve quality of life and other outcomes. The other thing that I wanted to highlight was, in addition to these types of therapies, there are other tools we have at our disposal that can improve the quality of life and safety of our patients with epilepsy, including devices for seizure monitoring. Dr Monteith: And how do you define drug-resistant epilepsy? I feel like that could be a moving target. Dr Friedman: The International League Against Epilepsy actually set out to define it about a decade ago, and they defined it as patients who fail at least two appropriately selected anti-seizure medicines due to lack of efficacy. Then they're still having ongoing seizures. What does that mean? So, that means that the medicine that was chosen was appropriate for the type of seizures that they have, whether it's focal or generalized, and that it didn't work because of a lack of efficacy and not because of side effects. And we know from multiple studies that once patients fail two medications, the likelihood that the third, fourth, fifth, etcetera, medicine will control their seizures becomes smaller and smaller. It's not impossible, but the rates fall below five percent. And so we call those patients drug-resistant. Dr Monteith: So, it sounds like despite newer therapies, really things haven't changed in ten years. Dr Friedman: Yeah, unfortunately, at least when the concept was first investigated back in 2000 by Quan and Brody, they found that a third of patients were drug-resistant. When they went back in the mid-2010s to relook at these patients, despite the introduction of many new medications, the rate of patients who were drug-resistant was essentially unchanged. There may be therapies that are emerging or in development that may have better odds, but right now we don't really understand what makes people drug resistant and how we can target that. Dr Monteith: But you do raise a good point that this is about efficacy and not tolerability. And at least for some of the newer medications, they're better tolerated. If you stop the medicine because you had some side effect, that might change how that person has classified better-tolerated treatments. Dr Friedman: It's true. And better-tolerated treatments, you can potentially use higher doses. One of the things that is not in the definition of drug-resistant epilepsy, but as a practicing neurologist, we all know, is that the patients have to take the medicine for it to be effective. And unfortunately, they have to take it every day. And if the medicine makes them feel bad, they may choose not to take it, present to you as drug-resistant, when in reality they may be drug-sensitive if you got them on medicine that doesn't make them feel bad. Dr Monteith: So why don't we talk about patients that are ideal candidates for epilepsy surgery? Dr Friedman: The ideal candidates for epilepsy surgery… and I'll start by talking about curative epilepsy surgery, where the goal of the surgery is to make patients seizure-free. The best candidates are patients who have lesional epilepsy, meaning that there is a visible MRI abnormality like a focal cortical dysplasia, hippocampus sclerosis, cavernoma in a part of the brain that is safe to resect, non-eloquent, and where you can safely perform a wide margin of resection around that lesion. It helps if they have few or no generalized tonic-clonic seizures and a shorter duration of epilepsy. So the ideal patient, the patient that if they came to my office, I would say you should get surgery right now, are patients with non-dominant temporal lobe epilepsy of a few years' duration. So as soon as they've shown that they're not responding to two medicines, those are the ideal patients to say, you would have the most benefit and the least risk from epilepsy surgery. We know from studies that patients with temporal lobe epilepsy do a little better with surgery. We know patients who have a visible lesion on MRI do better with epilepsy surgery. We know that patients who have infrequent secondarily generalized seizures do better. But all patients with drug-resistant epilepsy should be considered for some form of surgery because even if they're not candidates for a curative surgery, there may be some palliative options, whether it's surgical resections that lessen the severity of their seizures or neurostimulation devices that reduce the frequency and severity of seizures. Ideal candidates, the ones that you would push through sooner rather than later, are those who have the likelihood of the best outcomes and the least risk of neurocognitive decline. Dr Monteith: So, you mentioned that there may be other candidates that still benefit, although maybe not ideal. You mentioned neuromodulation. What other interventions are available? Dr Friedman: For patients who are not candidates for resective surgery, there are several neurostimulation options. There's vagus nerve stimulation, which has been around the longest. It is a device that is implanted in- under the skin near the clavicle and has a lead that goes to the left vagus nerve and delivers stimulation, electrical stimulation to the nerve. For reasons we don't fully understand, it can reduce the both the frequency and severity of seizures. Seldom does it make people seizure free, but the reduction in seizure frequency for many patients is associated with improved quality of life, reduced risk of injury, and even reduced rates of SUDEP. We also have two intracranial neurostimulation devices we use for epilepsy. One is the responsive neurostimulator. So, this is a device that- it has leads that are implanted directly into the seizure focus and sense electrocortical brain activity and deliver electrical stimulation to attempt to abort abnormal brain activity. So functioning kind of like a cardiac defibrillator for the heart, but for seizures in the brain. And because these devices have two leads, they can be used to treat people with more than one seizure focus---so up to two---or be used in patients who are not candidates for resection because their seizure focus is in language cortex, motor cortex, things that would be unable to resect. And the RNS has somewhat better efficacy in terms of percent reduction in seizures compared to the VNS, but obviously because it's an intracranial device, it's also a little riskier. It has more potential for neurosurgical adverse effects. There's also a deep brain stimulator for epilepsies, the same exact device that we use to treat movement disorders. We can implant in the thalamus, in either the anterior nucleus of the thalamus or now, for some patients, into the central median nucleus of the thalamus, and deliver open loop stimulation to treat epilepsy and reduce the frequency and severity of seizures as well. Unlike the RNS, you don't have to localize the seizure focus, so you don't need to know exactly where the seizures are coming from. And you could treat patients with multifocal epilepsy with seizures coming from more than two locations or even generalized seizures. Dr Monteith: So, it sounds like there are a lot of options available to patients. I think one of the things I find challenging is when we have patients that may have some cognitive dysfunction, especially in the hospital, and they've had some seizures that are very obvious, but then there are these, maybe, events that you wonder are seizures. So, what is the utility of some of these seizure detection devices? Dr Friedman: The development of seizure detection devices started out primarily with the observation that a majority of cases of sudden unexpected death and epilepsy, or SUDEP, occurred following tonic-clonic seizures. And there was a need to be able to monitor for convulsive seizures, especially that occur at night when people were otherwise unattended. And so, the first generation of devices that were developed came on the market, essentially detected convulsive seizures, and they alerted caregivers nearby who are able to come to the bedside, provide basic seizure first aid, turn people on the side. And theoretically all this---this hasn't been shown in studies---prevents SUDEP. And so, the ones that are currently available on the market are focused on the detection of convulsive seizures, mostly generalized tonic-clonic seizures, but some devices can also detect other seizures with very prominent motor components. What we don't have yet available to us, and what people are working on, are devices that detect nonconvulsive seizures. We know that patients who have focal impaired aware seizures are often amnestic for their seizures. They don't know they had a seizure if family members aren't there to observe them. They may never report them, which makes treating these patients very difficult. How do you quantify disease burden in your headache patients, for instance? You say, how many headache days did you have since we last met in the clinic? Your patients will be able to report on their calendar, this many days. Well, imagine if the patients had no awareness of whether or not they had a headache day. You wouldn't know if your therapy is working or not. In epilepsy, we need those types of devices which can tell us whether patients are having seizures they're unaware of, and that may be more subtle than convulsions. Dr Monteith: Oh, that'd be great for headache, too. You just gave me an idea, but that's the next podcast. So, you mentioned SUDEP, really important. How good are surgical interventions at reducing what we would think the prevalence of SUDEP? Dr Friedman: For me that is one of the primary motivations for epilepsy surgery in patients who are drug-resistant, because we know that if patients who are candidates for epilepsy surgery have high SUDEP rates. Estimates range from six to nine per thousand patients per year. If surgery is successful, their mortality rates go down to the general population level. It literally can be lifesaving for some patients, especially when you're talking about curative epilepsy surgery. But we also know that the biggest driver for SUDEP risk is tonic-clonic seizures and the frequency of those tonic-clonic seizures. So even our palliative interventions, which can reduce the frequency and severity of seizures, may also reduce the risk of SUDEP. So, we know in study- observational studies of patients with VNS and with RNS, for instance, the rates of SUDEP in patients treated with those devices are lower than expected for the drug-resistant epilepsy population. Dr Monteith: Let's talk a little bit about some of these prediction models. And you have a lot of great work in your article, so I don't want to get into all the details, but how do you use that in the real world? Do you communicate that with patients? How do you approach these prediction factors? Dr Friedman: There are two places where, I think, clinical prediction tools for epilepsy surgery have a role. One is, for me, in my clinic where I'm talking to patients about the risks and benefits for surgery, right? You want to be able to accurately communicate the likelihood that the surgery is going to give you the desired outcome. So patients and their families can make educated decisions, be weighing the risks and benefits. I think it's important to be realistic with patients because surgery, like- you know, any surgery is not without risk, both acute risks and long-term risks. You're removing part of the brain, and, you know, every part of the brain is important. That's where I use prediction tools. But I think it's also important for the general neurologist, especially trying to triage which patients you are going to be aggressive with referring to a comprehensive epilepsy center for evaluation. Where you may use your limited time and capital with patients to counsel them on surgical treatments. Where a healthcare system with limited resources prioritizes patients. So, there's a significant need for having prediction tools that only take the input that a general neurologist seeing a patient in the clinic would have at hand. You know, the history, an MRI, an interictal EEG. Dr Monteith: I guess part of that prediction model includes adverse outcomes that you're communicating as well. Dr Friedman: Certainly, for me, when I'm discussing surgery for the patient in front of me, I will use prediction models for adverse outcomes as well that are informed by the kind of surgery we're proposing to do, especially when talking about things like language dysfunction and memory dysfunction after surgery. Dr Monteith: So, you mentioned a lot of great advances, and certainly since I was a resident, which wasn't that long ago. Why don't you tell me how some of these interventions have changed your clinical practice? Dr Friedman: Thinking about epilepsy surgery, like other surgical specialties, there's been a move to more minimally invasive approaches. For instance, when I started as an epilepsy fellow fifteen years ago, sixteen years ago, most of our surgeries involve removing a large portion of the skull, putting electrodes on the brain, doing resections through big craniotomies which were uncomfortable and risky, things like that. We now do our phase two or intracranial EEG monitoring through small burr holes in the brain using robotically placed electrodes. For many of our patients, we can actually treat their epileptic focus with a laser that is targeted through a small catheter and MRI guidance. And patients are usually home in two days with, you know, a lot less discomfort. Dr Monteith: Well, that's great. I didn't expect that one, but I do think that translates to many areas of neurology. Really just this idea of meeting their goals and personalizing their care. My last question is, what out of these advances and what you know about the future of epilepsy, what makes you the most excited and what gives you the most hope? Dr Friedman: I think there are a lot of exciting things in epilepsy. Last count I heard, there's something like over a hundred biotech companies developing epilepsy therapies. So that gives me hope that people are still interested in meeting the unmet needs of patients with epilepsy. And some of these therapies are really novel. For instance, there's a trial of stem cell treatments for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy that's ongoing now, where inhibitory interneuron progenitor cells are implanted in the brain and kind of restore the brain circuit disruptions that we see in some of these epilepsies. There are combinations of drug and device therapies or gene therapy and device therapies that are in development, which have a lot of promise, and I think we'll have much more precise and targeted therapies within the next decade. Dr Monteith: Awesome. I really appreciate our conversation, and thank you so much for your wonderful article. I learned a lot reading it. Dr Friedman: Thank you. Dr Monteith: Today I've been interviewing Dr Daniel Friedman, whose article on surgical treatments, devices, tools, and non-medication management of epilepsy appears in the most recent issue of Continuum on epilepsy. Be sure to check out Continuum audio episodes from this and other issues. And thank you to our listeners for joining today. Dr Monteith: This is Dr Teshmae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal, which is full of in-depth and clinically relevant information important for neurology practitioners. Use this link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members, you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.

In this episode, I’m joined by Dr. Heidi Haavik, an internationally renowned chiropractor, neurophysiologist, and pioneer in chiropractic research, to explore the profound connection between chiropractic adjustments, brain function, and practice growth. Dr. Haavik shares her groundbreaking insights into how spinal health influences the nervous system and overall well-being, drawing from decades of innovative research and over 90 published papers. If you want to grow a practice grounded in cutting-edge science, improve patient outcomes, and confidently communicate the power of chiropractic care, this episode is not to be missed. You’ll learn: How chiropractic adjustments impact brain function and unlock neural potential. Science-backed strategies to enhance your communication with patients, build trust, and boost retention. The key to leveraging research to strengthen your practice and elevate its credibility. Dr. Haavik’s insights will transform how you think about chiropractic care and provide actionable tools to help your practice thrive. Tune in to discover how the latest in neuroscience can fuel your growth, deepen your impact, and elevate your enjoyment in practice. Thanks for all you do. Keep saving lives! Angus Links: Contact Details for Dr Heidi Haavik: New Zealand College of Chiropractic heidi.haavik@nzchiro.co.nz Haavik Research Ltd Company heidi@haavikresearch.com Personal Website and Shop heidihaavik.com European Distribution Shop: heidihaavik.eu Membership Website: chiroshub.com Learning Academy Website chirosacademy.com Learning Hub Website chiroslearninghub.com Centre for Chiropractic Research chiropractic.ac.nz/research/ Bio: Dr. Heidi Haavik is an internationally acclaimed chiropractor and human neurophysiologist, celebrated for her groundbreaking research on the connection between spinal health and brain function. With over 25 years of experience, she has transformed the understanding of how chiropractic care impacts overall health and well-being. Dr. Haavik earned her Chiropractic degree from the New Zealand College of Chiropractic in 1999 and her Ph.D. in Human Neurophysiology from the University of Auckland in 2008. As Vice President of Research at the New Zealand College of Chiropractic, she established and leads the Centre for Chiropractic Research, conducting innovative studies that advance the profession. Her bestselling book, The Reality Check: A Quest to Understand Chiropractic from the Inside Out, explains how chiropractic adjustments affect the brain. Drawing on two decades of research, it simplifies complex neuroscience for readers and is available at heidihaavik.com and Amazon. Dr. Haavik’s work employs cutting-edge techniques like somatosensory-evoked electroencephalography (EEG), resting-state EEG, functional near-infrared spectrometry, and connectivity brain analysis. Her research explores how correcting vertebral subluxations enhances brain processing, motor control, and neural connectivity, emphasizing the vital link between spinal health and nervous system function. Beyond research, Dr. Haavik founded Chiros Hub and Chiros Academy to educate chiropractors and the public on the science of spinal care. Her achievements include receiving the prestigious New Zealand Order of Chiropractic in 2024 and being named Chiropractor of the Year in 2007. She has presented her findings globally and serves on editorial boards for leading journals. Dr. Haavik is also a proud mother of two and remains a passionate advocate for advancing chiropractic science and education.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ever wondered how hallucinogens like Salvia Divinorum affect the brain? In this episode, Neurofeedback legend Jay Gunkelman shares insights from a groundbreaking EEG study that captured 10-second, 1000-microvolt brain waves during a live altered state experiment. We also dive deep into the neurochemistry of consciousness, the science of near-death experiences, and why EEG analysis needs an upgrade. Plus, what does modern neuroscience say about autism, epileptiform content, and brain feedback loops?

Welcome to the NeuroNoodle Neurofeedback Podcast!

TODAY'S SPONSORSSoltec: Check out soltec.com and use the code DANIHEALTH to get your discountTimeline: Head to timelinenutrition.com and use the code DANIHEALTH to get 10% offBEAM Minerals: Head to beamminerals.com and use the code DANIHEALTH to get 20% offTODAY'S GUESTDr. Dan Cohen is a Diplomat of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology and holds many patents related to EEG and sleep analysis algorithms and devices. Dr. Cohen invented the first automated sleep disorder diagnostic equipment used in sleep labs and by sleep professionals. He also co-founded CNS, the company that launched Breathe Right Nasal Strips, through which he later sold to GSK for $566 million. Dr. Cohen has spent over 15 years researching and testing technology to improve sleep quality.Website: www.soltechealth.com/buy-nowInstagram: @soltechealthON TODAY'S EPISODEWhat is the importance of deep sleep for overall health and immune function?How does the decline in deep sleep correlate with aging and chronic illnesses?What role does exercise play in maximizing the amount of deep sleep you get?How does the Soltech system help restore deep sleep and manage stress?What are the key features of wearable technology designed to enhance sleep quality?Why is calibration essential for individual sleep needs, and how does it work?How does stress impact sleep quality, and what strategies can improve it?What is the relationship between deep sleep and gut hormones like leptin and ghrelin?How do magnetic frequencies support deep sleep, and are they safe to use?Why is consistency and patience important when improving sleep quality over time?STAY IN TOUCH WITH ME:You can find me:On Instagram @daniellehamiltonhealth On Facebook at Danielle Hamilton HealthMy website is daniellehamiltonhealth.comOn my YouTube Channel (make sure you subscribe!)Sign up for my Wellness Wednesday Newsletter: https://www.daniellehamiltonhealth.com/newsletterThank you for subscribing, rating, reviewing, sharing and reposting the show! I appreciate each and every one of you! ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐