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This is part 10 of the Read the Bible For Yourself. We've taken our time working through the Old Testament, section by section. Before we tackle the New Testament and look at the Gospels, we need to talk about the time between the Old and New Testaments. In the gap of roughly four hundred years, massive political and cultural changes occurred. Nowhere in the Old Testament do we see anything about the Romans, Pharisees, Sadducees, or the Sanhedrin. In today's episode I'll catch you up on what happened after the OT and before the NT so you can better understand the world in which Jesus functioned. Listen to this episode on Spotify or Apple Podcasts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3humYIVYho&list=PLN9jFDsS3QV2TrdUEDtAipF3jy4qYspM_&index=10 —— Links —— See other episodes in Read the Bible For Yourself Other classes are available here, including How We Got the Bible, which explores the manuscript transmission and translation of the Bible Get the transcript of this episode Support Restitutio by donating here Join our Restitutio Facebook Group and follow Sean Finnegan on Twitter @RestitutioSF Leave a voice message via SpeakPipe with questions or comments and we may play them out on the air Intro music: Good Vibes by MBB Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) Free Download / Stream: Music promoted by Audio Library. Who is Sean Finnegan?  Read his bio here —— Notes —— Recent History Persians: Cyrus the Great Greeks: Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes Hellenization (2 Maccabees 4.7, 10-15; 1 Maccabees 1.41-53) Maccabean Revolution: Mattathias, Judah the Maccabee, Jonathan Apphus, Simon Thassi, John Hyrcanus, Aristobulus I, Alexander Jannaeus, Salome Alexandra, Hyrcanus II, Aristobulus II Romans: Pompey the Great annexed Judea in 63bc Herodian Dynasty: Herod the Great and his descendants Geographical and Political Setting Roman Empire: Augustus (27bc-ad14), Tiberius (14-37), Caligula (37-41), Claudius (41-54), Nero (54-68) Provinces: every region outside of Italy Galilee: Herod the Great (37-4bc), Herod Antipas (4bc-ad39), Herod Agrippa I (37-44) Judea: Herod the Great (37-4bc), Herod Archelaus (4bc-ad6), Coponius (6-9), Marcus Ambivulus (9-12), Annius Rufus (12-15), Valerius Gratus (15-26), Pontius Pilate (26-36), Marcellus (36-37), Marullus (37-41), Herod Agrippa I (41-44) Samaria: under Judean jurisdiction; Samaritans and Jews conflicted with each other Jewish Groups Sadducees controlled the temple partners with Roman governors wealthy aristocrats chief priests were the leaders only accepted the Torah as scripture didn't believe in resurrection or angels Pharisees focused on obedience to Torah accepted the law (Torah), prophets (Nevi'im), and writings (Kethuvim) oral tradition & fence laws not in power at the time of Jesus, except those in the Sanhedrin Sanhedrin Romans established 5 councils over 5 districts most important council was in Jerusalem had temple police at their disposal to arrest people could meet out punishments except capital punishment, which was reserved for the Roman governor Scribes every group had scribes even Paul used scribes to write his letters (Tertius in Rom 16.22) writing was a skill copy scripture to preserve it called lawyers or experts in the law Revolutionaries wanted to overthrow Roman occupation Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews23 “But of the fourth sect of Jewish philosophy, Judas the Galilean was the author. These men agree in all other things with the Pharisaic notions; but they have an inviolable attachment to liberty; and say that God is to be their only Ruler and Lord. They also do not value dying any kind of death, nor indeed do they heed the deaths of their relations and friends, nor can any such fear make them call any man Lord” John's Renewal Movement called people to repent baptized them in the Jordan River possible connection with the Essenes Important Issues Temple Taxes Torah Unrest Review When the Greeks conquered the world, they made cities adopt their customs, culture, language, and religion. When Antiochus Epiphanes forcibly Hellenized Judah, it resulted in the Maccabean Revolution under Mattathias and his sons. After they won their independence, the Hasmonean Dynasty ruled up until 63bc when Pompey annexed Judea into the Roman Empire. Herod the Great and his descendants ruled over the region for many years, though in Judea the Romans directly ruled through governors. During Jesus' ministry Herod Antipas ruled in Galilee and Pontius Pilate governed Judea and Samaria. Sadducees partnered with the Roman government and controlled the temple. The Pharisees focused on obedience to Torah, according to the traditions of the elders. The Sanhedrin was a council in Jerusalem made of Sadducees and Pharisees that controlled a police force and ruled on legal issues. Scribes copied scripture and had expert knowledge of the Law of Moses. Jesus lived in a time of fragile peace when Roman provocations threatened to light the match of Jewish revolution at any moment.

Lesson 10 Notes Download Recent History Persians: Cyrus the Great Greeks: Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes Hellenization (2 Maccabees 4.7, 10-15; 1 Maccabees 1.41-53) Maccabean Revolution: Mattathias, Judah the Maccabee, Jonathan Apphus, Simon Thassi, John Hyrcanus, Aristobulus I, Alexander Jannaeus, Salome Alexandra, Hyrcanus II, Aristobulus II Romans: Pompey the Great annexed Judea in 63bc Herodian Dynasty: Herod the Great and his descendants Geographical and Political Setting Roman Empire: Augustus (27bc-ad14), Tiberius (14-37), Caligula (37-41), Claudius (41-54), Nero (54-68) Provinces: every region outside of Italy Galilee: Herod the Great (37-4bc), Herod Antipas (4bc-ad39), Herod Agrippa I (37-44) Judea: Herod the Great (37-4bc), Herod Archelaus (4bc-ad6), Coponius (6-9), Marcus Ambivulus (9-12), Annius Rufus (12-15), Valerius Gratus (15-26), Pontius Pilate (26-36), Marcellus (36-37), Marullus (37-41), Herod Agrippa I (41-44) Samaria: under Judean jurisdiction; Samaritans and Jews conflicted with each other Jewish Groups Sadducees controlled the temple partners with Roman governors wealthy aristocrats chief priests were the leaders only accepted the Torah as scripture didn't believe in resurrection or angels Pharisees focused on obedience to Torah accepted the law (Torah), prophets (Nevi'im), and writings (Kethuvim) oral tradition & fence laws not in power at the time of Jesus, except those in the Sanhedrin Sanhedrin Romans established 5 councils over 5 districts most important council was in Jerusalem had temple police at their disposal to arrest people could meet out punishments except capital punishment, which was reserved for the Roman governor Scribes every group had scribes even Paul used scribes to write his letters (Tertius in Rom 16.22) writing was a skill copy scripture to preserve it called lawyers or experts in the law Revolutionaries wanted to overthrow Roman occupation Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews23 “But of the fourth sect of Jewish philosophy, Judas the Galilean was the author. These men agree in all other things with the Pharisaic notions; but they have an inviolable attachment to liberty; and say that God is to be their only Ruler and Lord. They also do not value dying any kind of death, nor indeed do they heed the deaths of their relations and friends, nor can any such fear make them call any man Lord” John's Renewal Movement called people to repent baptized them in the Jordan River possible connection with the Essenes Important Issues Temple Taxes Torah Unrest Review When the Greeks conquered the world, they made cities adopt their customs, culture, language, and religion. When Antiochus Epiphanes forcibly Hellenized Judah, it resulted in the Maccabean Revolution under Mattathias and his sons. After they won their independence, the Hasmonean Dynasty ruled up until 63bc when Pompey annexed Judea into the Roman Empire. Herod the Great and his descendants ruled over the region for many years, though in Judea the Romans directly ruled through governors. During Jesus’ ministry Herod Antipas ruled in Galilee and Pontius Pilate governed Judea and Samaria. Sadducees partnered with the Roman government and controlled the temple. The Pharisees focused on obedience to Torah, according to the traditions of the elders. The Sanhedrin was a council in Jerusalem made of Sadducees and Pharisees that controlled a police force and ruled on legal issues. Scribes copied scripture and had expert knowledge of the Law of Moses. Jesus lived in a time of fragile peace when Roman provocations threatened to light the match of Jewish revolution at any moment. The post 10: Key Background for Reading the New Testament first appeared on Living Hope.

Lesson 10 Notes Download Recent History Persians: Cyrus the Great Greeks: Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes Hellenization (2 Maccabees 4.7, 10-15; 1 Maccabees 1.41-53) Maccabean Revolution: Mattathias, Judah the Maccabee, Jonathan Apphus, Simon Thassi, John Hyrcanus, Aristobulus I, Alexander Jannaeus, Salome Alexandra, Hyrcanus II, Aristobulus II Romans: Pompey the Great annexed Judea in 63bc Herodian Dynasty: Herod the Great and his descendants Geographical and Political Setting Roman Empire: Augustus (27bc-ad14), Tiberius (14-37), Caligula (37-41), Claudius (41-54), Nero (54-68) Provinces: every region outside of Italy Galilee: Herod the Great (37-4bc), Herod Antipas (4bc-ad39), Herod Agrippa I (37-44) Judea: Herod the Great (37-4bc), Herod Archelaus (4bc-ad6), Coponius (6-9), Marcus Ambivulus (9-12), Annius Rufus (12-15), Valerius Gratus (15-26), Pontius Pilate (26-36), Marcellus (36-37), Marullus (37-41), Herod Agrippa I (41-44) Samaria: under Judean jurisdiction; Samaritans and Jews conflicted with each other Jewish Groups Sadducees controlled the temple partners with Roman governors wealthy aristocrats chief priests were the leaders only accepted the Torah as scripture didn't believe in resurrection or angels Pharisees focused on obedience to Torah accepted the law (Torah), prophets (Nevi'im), and writings (Kethuvim) oral tradition & fence laws not in power at the time of Jesus, except those in the Sanhedrin Sanhedrin Romans established 5 councils over 5 districts most important council was in Jerusalem had temple police at their disposal to arrest people could meet out punishments except capital punishment, which was reserved for the Roman governor Scribes every group had scribes even Paul used scribes to write his letters (Tertius in Rom 16.22) writing was a skill copy scripture to preserve it called lawyers or experts in the law Revolutionaries wanted to overthrow Roman occupation Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews23 “But of the fourth sect of Jewish philosophy, Judas the Galilean was the author. These men agree in all other things with the Pharisaic notions; but they have an inviolable attachment to liberty; and say that God is to be their only Ruler and Lord. They also do not value dying any kind of death, nor indeed do they heed the deaths of their relations and friends, nor can any such fear make them call any man Lord” John's Renewal Movement called people to repent baptized them in the Jordan River possible connection with the Essenes Important Issues Temple Taxes Torah Unrest Review When the Greeks conquered the world, they made cities adopt their customs, culture, language, and religion. When Antiochus Epiphanes forcibly Hellenized Judah, it resulted in the Maccabean Revolution under Mattathias and his sons. After they won their independence, the Hasmonean Dynasty ruled up until 63bc when Pompey annexed Judea into the Roman Empire. Herod the Great and his descendants ruled over the region for many years, though in Judea the Romans directly ruled through governors. During Jesus’ ministry Herod Antipas ruled in Galilee and Pontius Pilate governed Judea and Samaria. Sadducees partnered with the Roman government and controlled the temple. The Pharisees focused on obedience to Torah, according to the traditions of the elders. The Sanhedrin was a council in Jerusalem made of Sadducees and Pharisees that controlled a police force and ruled on legal issues. Scribes copied scripture and had expert knowledge of the Law of Moses. Jesus lived in a time of fragile peace when Roman provocations threatened to light the match of Jewish revolution at any moment. The post 10: Key Background for Reading the New Testament first appeared on Living Hope.

The name Herod is mentioned nearly 50 times in the New Testament, but Scripture is not speaking of just one man.There are five different rulers named Herod referred to in Scripture: Herod the Great, his sons Herod Archelaus and Herod Antipas, and his grandsons Herod Agrippa I and Herod Agrippa II. (Herod Philip would make six, though he is mentioned simply as Phillip).On this episode, we explore the five different Herods mentioned in the New Testament, including their historical context, where they show up in Scripture, and how they are important to understanding New Testament times. For more on this topic, visit ReasonableTheology.org/HerodIf you enjoy the Reasonable Theology Podcast go to ReasonableTheology.org/Subscribe and get the weekly email, which includes the latest article or podcast episode, a helpful theological definition, a painting depicting a scene from Scripture or church history, a musical selection to enrich your day, and the best book deal I've found that week to build your library.Support the showGET THE NEWSLETTEREach edition of the Reasonable Theology newsletter contains my latest article or podcast episode PLUS: A Theological Word or Phrase Explained Quickly and Clearly A Painting Depicting a Scene from Scripture or Church History Audio of a Hymn or other Musical Selection to Enjoy A Recommended Book or Resource to Expand Your Library SUBSCRIBE HERE

Jennifer and I improvise each week, asking who it is on the flipside wants to chat with us. Luana Anders is our moderator on the flipside, and whoever wants to come through is up to her. Her mentioning this woman "Magda" in terms of a book I'm writing, an interview I did with a woman who was able to access this Magda, who claimed to be a Praetor's wife in the cabinet of Herod in the time of Jesus was pretty unusual.  A note here to say that I've never heard of the word Praetor that I'm aware of, I don't know what it means, but as I was typing this description the word came to mind "Praetor's wife" - which means according to Wikipedia: Praetor ( Classical Latin: was the title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected magistratus (magistrate), assigned to discharge various duties." I've heard of the Praetorian guard, but I assumed they only guarded Caesar, and as such the word Praetor is completely unknown to me. But it popped into my head. Magda Archelaus - I don't know if she was married to Herod, or just someone in his cabinet - but in the research I'd done on the name, I looked up Herod Archelaus. (Famed during the era).  The interview I did with her was mind bending, as she claimed to be privy to events that led to the Crucifixion as well as the recovery of the body of Jesus, and those who attended to him - trying to heal him with aloe and myrrh (also reported in the Bible.) Luana suggests I dig deeper.  (I had stopped digging after including the article in this book I've written about accounts of Jesus from the flipside perspective.)  I shall endeavor to do some more digging. Robin Williams came in to talk about process - and indeed, mentioned this woman who reached out to me who had a conversation with him after our mentioning him recently.  She got this idea of a "granny award" or the role of granny - which I at first assumed meant Mrs. Doubtfire, but according to this conversation, may be the one where he played the role of a Granny onstage for Andy Kaufman in the 1970's.  Pretty funny stuff. As always, enjoy the podcast as an example of how simple it is to reach out to one's loved ones.  Enjoy. 

Law of Study # 4 - Historical Background The interpreter must have some awareness of the life and society of the times in which the Scripture was written. The spiritual principle will be timeless but often can't be properly appreciated without some knowledge of the background. If the interpreter can have in his mind what the writer had in his mind when he wrote – without adding any excess baggage from the interpreter's own culture or society – then the true thought of the Scripture can be captured resulting in an accurate interpretation. This is where archeological finds, customs, and extra-biblical writings (Josephus) can inform us of what life was like in the life and times of the biblical authors and audience. This is one of my favorite things to learn. Historical Background Sources: Maps Cultural Manners and Customs Extra-biblical writings Bible Dictionaries During our study of the Acts of Jesus, there were a few passages that, in my studies, have been greatly impacted by the study of Historical Background. One of them was the passage of the Temple Tax. You've heard me mention this one several times but I am still amazed at how this understanding changed my interpretation. There were a couple of other ones as well. Jesus curses the fig tree Understanding the seasons, Jesus fully knew that the tree should not bear figs yet. But with the tree having leaves, it should have had the berries or knops on it. Because it did not have the berries, Jesus knew that something was wrong with the tree internally. Another passage, one that I could say fits this law perfectly is found in Luke 19. If you remember, this parable is very much like the parable of the talents. One servant is given five talents, another three talents, and another one talent, according to their ability. Remember the first two doubled their talents but the last one hid his talent in the ground. This parable of the minas is almost the same as the parable of the talents. Do you remember what was different about this parable? Where it was told - Jericho As Jesus is speaking, there stands the palace of Herod Archelaus. According to the writings of Josephus, after the death of Herod the Great, the land was divided between his four sons. Archelaus went to Rome to speak with Caesar about making him king. The Jews hated Archelaus and sent a delegation to plead with Caesar to not make him their king. This would have been common knowledge for those hearing Jesus speak. Before this study, had any of you heard of Archelaus' palace? Or how he came into power? I hadn't But learning this information unlocks the parable Jesus is giving. This information also allows us to separate the parables of the Minas and Talents. This illuminates the idea that Jesus would adapt His parables based upon His surroundings and the people listening to Him. So how does that help us when we interpret? It shows us we cannot assign meaning across the board without context. This shows the unity of the laws of the study IMPORTANT NOTE - Historical Background must not become the focus of your interpretation. Historical background provides information, but the text is the most important thing! We must avoid “falling in love” with historical background.

Jesus of Nazareth is born in the Roman-occupied land of Judea around 6 or 4 BC, an event that will inspire the holiday of Christmas. The world of the Nativity is a tumultuous scene of competing empires, diverse cultures, and ambitious leaders. How did Judea, homeland of Jesus and the Jewish people, become a province of the Roman Empire, and how did the infamous King Herod ascend the throne? Far from the capital of Rome, the wondrous birth of a child in rural Judea would one decide the fate of a mighty empire. A story from the Roman world (c. 67 BC - 4 BC), featuring: Jesus of Nazareth, Mary, Joseph, Herod the Great, Hyrcanus II, Aristobulus II, Antipater the Idumean, Pompey the Great, Mark Antony, Octavian/Augustus, Antigonus II, Herod Archelaus, Herod Antipas For more on Judea's earlier history, including the life of Judas Maccabeus and the beginnings of the Hasmonean dynasty, check out our story “The Wars of the Maccabees”! --- CREDITS: Music by Scott Buckley Episode Thumbnail Image: Mosaic depicting the Nativity of Christ (1296-1300 AD, Church of Santa Maria in Trastevere, Rome, by Pietro Cavallini) WDS Logo Image: Kylix with Apollo playing the lyre and pouring a libation (c. 470 BC, Delphi Archeological Museum) --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

The last days of Herod are marked with rebellion. Even after his death, Herod Archelaus puts down a rebellion with three thousand causalities around the temple mount. Archelaus goes to Rome to confirm his appointment as king, and three other rebellions break out leading to another two thousand casualties and crucifixions alongside the Judean roadways as Rome restores order. When it was time for Joseph and Mary to return from Egypt, their fear of Herod Archelaus was justified. Thus, they settled in Nazareth. Matthew 2:22-23 Luke 2:39-40 Isaiah 53:1-3 www.messagetokings.com

The parable of the minas (or pounds) is told just as Jesus is about to arrive in Jerusalem as king. This is a complex parable that even includes historical data about Herod Archelaus. Join us as we explore the many aspects of this parable. https://smile.amazon.com/Parables-Jewish-Tradition-Christian-Interpretation/dp/0801048206/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2QUGQ5LMFOEIC&dchild=1&keywords=brad+young+parables&qid=1606869713&sprefix=brad+youn%2Caps%2C211&sr=8-1 https://www.jerusalemperspective.com/ http://read.gov/aesop/112.html

The parable of the minas (or pounds) is told just as Jesus is about to arrive in Jerusalem as king. This is a complex parable that even includes historical data about Herod Archelaus. Join us as we explore the many aspects of this parable. Support Fig Tree Ministries: https://donorbox.org/support-figtree-ministries www.figtreeteaching.com

Herod Wielki jest chyba najbardziej znany z opisanego w Biblii rozkazu zabicia wszystkich dzieci w okolicach Betlejem. W Ewangelii Mateusza 2:16 czytamy, że wyda rozkaz, aby pozabijać wszystkie dzieci w Betlejem oraz w całej okolicy, od dwóch lat i młodsze. Powodem tej decyzji był fakt, że mędrcy ze wschodu powiedzieli mu, że tam urodził się król. Czy ten fragment jest prawdziwy? Nie mamy potwierdzenia w źródłach świeckich, ale dzisiaj będę mówić o tym jak Herod traktował swoich własnych synów.Zanim jednak przejdziemy do dzieci Heroda Wielkiego. Warto wspomnieć o jego ojcu oraz starszym bracie. To co ich spotkało tłumaczy dlaczego później Herod był tak podejrzliwy oraz zabijał tych, którzy jak mu się wydawało spiskowali przeciwko niemu. Ojcem Heroda był Antypater, a starszym bratem Fazael. W 44 p.n.e. zabito Juliusza Cezara. Wybuchła wojna domowa. Korzytając z niej wrogowie Antypatra Idumejczyka wysyłali wielu skrytobójców. W końcu przekupili podczaszego, który otruł ojca Heroda. Gdy zabójcy Cezara zginęli, czyli gdy zakończyła się jedna wojna domowa, prawie doszło do drugiej pomiędzy zwycięzcami Markiem Antoniuszem oraz Oktawianem. Korzystając z tego konfliktu na wschód najechali Partowie. Ich wsparcie dostał potomek dynastii Machabejskiej - Matatiasz Antygon. Został on ostatnim z dynastii machabejskiej królem Judei. Zdobywając tą władzę podstępnie zabił starszego brata Heroda, czyli Fazaela. Herod uciekł do Egiptu. Tam spotkał się z Kleopatrą, a stamtąd popłynął do Rzymu.W międzyczasie Marek Antoniusz i Oktawian się pogodzili. Podzielili też sfery wpływów. Cały wschód (granica była we współczesnej Albanii) dostał się Markowi Antoniuszowi. Do wschodu zaliczała się także Judea. A co z Herodem? Niespodziewanie został on ustanowiony królem Judei przez obu konsulów oraz rzymski senat. Był rok 40 p.n.e., Herod poszedł złożyć ofiarę w świątyni Jowisza, co chyba wyraźnie dowodzi jak głęboko wierzył w Boga Biblii. Stamtąd Herod wrócił do Judei. Około trzech lat zajęło mu jej zdobywanie, tak więc jego królowanie liczy się gdzieś od roku 37 p.n.e. Ostatniego z królów machabejskich, czyli Matatiasza Antygona odesłał do Marka Antoniusza do Antiochii, gdzie ten król został zabity. Gdy to wszystko się działo, Herod miał już jedną żonę, ale był już też zaręczony z miłością swojego życia czyli Mariamme.Herod miał dwie żony o imieniu Mariamme. Mariamme jest to wersja imienia Miriam, imienia od którego pochodzi polskie imię Maria. W każdym bądź razie Herod Wielki ożenił się z dwoma kobietami o tym imieniu. Jednak jego pierwszą żoną była Doris. Herod miał z nią syna, który dostał imię po dziadku - Antypater. Jednak później Herod ożenił się z Marianną I, która pochodziła z rodu Hasmoneuszy. Jak może pamiętacie rodzina Heroda doszła do władzy, bo Hasmoneusze walczyli między sobą o władzę. Mariamme I była wnuczką po mieczu z Arystobula II, a po kądzieli Jana Hirkana II. Tak więc miała krew obu walczących niegdyś rodów. Żeniąc się z nią Herod wchodził do królewskiego rodu. Czy jednak musiał się rozwodzić ze swoją pierwszą żoną Doris?W tamtych czasach wielożeństwo było czymś normalnym. Herod chciał chyba jednak pokazać, że zrywa pogańskie małżeństwo. Odprawił swoją nie żydowską żonę i jej dziecko. Być może chciał nawiązać do tego co jest napisane w Księdze Nehemiasza. Żydzi wtedy żenili się z kobietami z okolicznych ludów i musieli potem odprawić te żony wraz z dziećmi. Teraz to zrobił Herod. Skazał na wygnanie Doris i jej syna Antypatra. Księżniczka hasmonejska Mariamme urodziła mu kilkoro dzieci, między innymi dwóch synów Aleksandra i Arystobula. Później jednak Herod stał się podejrzliwy wobec rodu Hasmoneuszy.Był rok 37 p.n.e. Herod zdobył po trzech latach Jerozolimę z pomocą Rzymian. Ostatniego króla z dynastii Hasmoneuszy odesłał do Marka Antoniusza, gdzie wykonano wyrok śmierci. Antoniusz udał się do Aleksandrii do Kleopatry. Tam zostały mu przedstawione portrety młodego rodzeństwa - młodziutkiej żony Heroda czyli Mariamme oraz jej brata Arystobula. Marek Antoniusz i Kleopatra okazywali zainteresowanie młodemu potomkowi rodu Hasmoneuszy. Jak już wspomniałem Herod właśnie stracił ojca, który został otruty. Potem starszego brata, a niedawno także młodszego brata, który także wpadł w zasadzkę. Teraz Kleopatra, która miała chęć rządzić wschodem zaczynała interesować się młodziutkim szwagrem Heroda. Herod przestał ufać Hasmoneuszom.Najpierw zabił swojego szwagra, brata Mariamme I. Herod kazał go czyli Arystobula III utopić w Jerychu. Był on arcykapłanem i ulubieńcem ludu. Herod obawiał się pewnie, że jak poprzedni arcykapłani z tego rodu zostanie też królem. Dlatego utopił swojego szwagra Arystobula III. Później kazał też zabić swoją żonę - księżniczkę Mariamme. A na sam koniec także jej synów Aleksandra i Arystobula. Wtedy do łask wrócił syn z pierwszego małżeństwa. Oficjalnym następcą Heroda Wielkiego ogłoszono Antypatra, syna Doris. Jednak Herod zabił już dwóch synów.Herod był tak podejrzliwy, że zaczął podejrzewać także Antypatra. Kazał go zabić 5 dni przed swoją własną śmiercią. W ten sposób Herod sam zabił swoich trzech najstarszych synów. Gdyby żył dłużej być może na liście znaleźliby się kolejni synowie, a może nawet wnukowie. Na szczęście dla nich Herod Wielki umarł. Nie wiadomo dokładnie kiedy, ale żył jeszcze gdy urodził się Jezus. Jest wspomniany w Ewangelii Mateusza, gdy każe zabić dzieci w okolicy Betlejem. Wspomina go też Łukasz w Łukasza 1:5, gdzie czytamy o kapłanie Zachariaszu, który żył w czasach króla Heroda.Czwartym synem Heroda Wielkiego był jego syn, który dostał imię po ojcu. Aby go więc odróżnić dodano mu przydomki. Jest znany jako Herod bez ziemi, bo nic nie dostał po swoim ojcu. Znany jest też jako Herod Filip, pierwszy mąż Herodiady i ojciec Salome. Ten Herod Filip był synem Mariamme II. Ożenił się z córką swojego brata Arystobula, czyli wnuczką Heroda Wielkiego. Dostała imię po dziadku - Herodiada. Był to rzymski zwyczaj, np. dzieci Juliusza dostawały imię ojca: chłopcy Juliusz, a dziewczynki Julia. Wielu synów i wnuków Heroda dostało imię Herod, a jego wnuczka imię Herodiada. Czy była podobna do dziadka?Herod Wielki zabił trzech najstarszych synów. Herodiada była córką trzeciego z nich czyli Arystobula. Wyszła za mąż za czwartego, czyli najstarszego z żyjących. Być może myślała, że jej mąż zostanie następcą Heroda Wielkiego. Jak jednak wiemy przeszedł on do historii jako Herod bez ziemi. Biblia używa jego drugiego imienia Filip. W Ewangelii Mateusza 14:3,4 czytamy, że Herodiada go opuściła i wyszła za mąż za jego brata Heroda Antypasa. Biblia opisuje, że ten ślub był krytykowany przez Jana Chrzciciela. Jak pewnie wiecie Mateusz w Ewangelii opisuje jak córka Herodiady i Heroda bez ziemi, ta córka miała na imię Salome, tańczyła przed Herodem Antypasem. Obiecał on jej cokolwiek zechce, a ona za namową matki poprosiła o głowę Jana Chrzciciela.Herod bez ziemi był 4 synem Heroda Wielkiego, a Herod Antypas 6. Pominęliśmy piątego czyli Heroda Archelausa. Został on wymieniony w Biblii tylko raz, bo rządził krótko. Mateusz wymienia go jako powód dla którego po powrocie z Egiptu Józef i Maria nie zamieszkali w Betlejem, ale udali się do Nazaretu w Galilei. W Mateusza 2:22 czytamy: “gdy usłyszał, że Archelaus króluje w Judei po ojcu swoim, Herodzie, bał się tam iść”. Herod Archelaus został następcą ojca i był tak samo jak on okrutny dlatego Oktawian August pozbawił go władzy i skazał na banicję. Królem został Herod Antypas, o którym mówiłem przed chwilą.Herod, który rządził przez większą część życia Jezusa, a także w okresie opisanym w Dziejach Apostolskich był właśnie Herod Antypas. Jego brat czyli Herod Archelaus stracił władzę, a Rzymianie ustanowili nad Judeą swój nadzór w postaci namiestnika. Herod Antypas dalej jednak był władcą Galilei. To właśnie on ożenił się z Herodiadą, żoną swojego brata. A gdy go za to krytykował Jan Chrzciciel kazał go uwięzić, a potem zabić. Gdy przed Piłata, czyli rzymskiego namiestnika przyprowadzono Jezusa, nie za bardzo chciał go sądzić. Ucieszył się więc, gdy się dowiedział, że Jezus jest z Galilei i odesłał go do Heroda Antypasa. W Łukasza 23:7 czytamy, że gdy Piłat dowiedział się “że jest poddanym Heroda, odesłał go do Heroda, który w tych dniach był właśnie w Jerozolimie”.W ten sposób omówiliśmy 6 synów Heroda Wielkiego. Pierwszy trzech kazał zabić sam ojciec. Czwarty zwany Herodem bez ziemi lub Herodem Filipem jest znany tylko jako pierwszy mąż Herodiady i ojciec Salome. Piąty to Herod Archelaus, który panował gdy rodzice Jezusa wrócili z Egiptu, ale ponieważ był tak okrutny jak jego ojciec Oktawian August skazał go na wygnanie. Najważniejszy jest więc szósty syn, czyli Herod Antypas, o którym Biblia wspomina wielokrotnie. Wnukami Heroda Wielkiego zajmę się w następnym odcinku.Hiszpańskie Historie:https://www.spreaker.com/show/hiszpanskiHistoria wg Dzieci (historia Polski dla Dzieci):https://historiawgdzieci.pl/podkast/listaTego dnia (historyczne rocznice na każdy dzień):https://historiawgdzieci.pl/tego-dnia/lista

Jesus shared the parable of the master and the ten servants specifically because he was near Jerusalem and the people thought that the kingdom of God was going to appear at once. Jesus draws a parallel between the master who was appointed as king a reference to Herod Archelaus and the judgment when the king returns. More importantly, he tells the people that to be proven to be trustworthy servants they had to put the masters resources to work until he returned. Jesus was telling the people then and all of us now that our focus should not be on when and how the master will return but rather on maximizing the return on kingdom investments.

THE HERODIANSIntroductionØ Related Scriptures:• Herod the Great (73 B.C. – 4 B.C.) - Matthew 2:16-17• Herod Archelaus (23 B.C. – 18 A.D.) – Matthew 2:22• Herod Antipas (Before 20 B.C. – 39 A.D.) – Mark 6:17-29; Matthew 14:1-12• Herod Philip (27 B.C. – 34 A.D.) – Luke 3:1• Herod Agrippa I (12 B.C. – 44 A.D.) – Acts 12:21-23• Herod Agrippa II (27 A.D. – 100 A.D.) – Acts 26:28-29• The name Herod is mentioned nearly 50 times in the New Testament, but Scripture is not speaking of just one man.• Like the Pharisees and Sadducees, the Herodian family receives negative treatment in the New Testament.• They submitted to Herod, and to Rome, for political convenience.Herod the Great• He was ruler of Judea despite being Idumean descent (from Edom). The fact that he was a non-Jew, along with his notably cruel manner of ruling, made him largely distrusted and resented by the Jewish people.• Responsible for the slaughter of the innocents (Matthew 2:16-17).• Ironically, he was never called “the Great” in antiquity. This became a later designation because of his extensive building campaigns and strong foreign policy.• His accomplishments were funded through burdensome taxes which contributed greatly to the Jews disliking of tax collectors.Tumultuous Times• In 44, Caesar is assassinated, and the following year, the second triumvirate of Antony, Octavian (later called Augustus), and Lepidus ascends.• In 32, Antony and Octavian separate, and in 31, at the Battle of Actium, Octavian conquers his rival. Herod, who had originally sided with Antony, accompanies Octavian from Egypt, and is restored to governmental good graces.His Building Projects• Herod sponsored the rebuilding of the Jerusalem Temple and the patriarchs’ tomb in Hebron.• He built Caesarea Maritima; Sebaste (ancient Samaria); and fortresses, including Masada, Machaerus, and the Herodium.• Rabbinic sources suggest that the Pharisees were interested in extending the sanctity of the Temple to the home.His Family• Herod married ten times, participated in several divorces, and executed many sons, a wife, numerous in-laws, and even more political rivals.• In 38, after a five-year engagement, Herod marries the Hasmonean princess Mariamme.• Eventually, Herod will kill his sons by Mariamme, his mother-in-law, and Mariamme herself.His Death• Herod died in agony from renal failure? syphilis? and was buried, ancient sources suggest, in Herodium, near Bethlehem. His tomb has not yet been discovered.• Herod the Great, having executed most of his sons, divides his kingdom among Philip, Antipas, and Archelaus.Herod Archelaus• As an ethnarch (a non-King in charge of an ethnic group in a region) Archelaus was in charge of Judea, Samaria, and Idumea. However, Archelaus did not remain in power for long. He only held his post from 4 B.C. until being deposed in A.D.6, when the Jews requested that Caesar Augustus replace him.• Even so, Archelaus did influence the history of the New Testament. It was fear about his reign in Judea that prompted Joseph, Mary, and Jesus to live in Galilee rather than in Judea (Matthew 2:22).Herod Antipas• Herod Antipas became the tetrarch of Galilee and Perea from 4 B.C. to A.D. 39, meaning he was one of four appointed regional rulers. He is seen in the New Testament to have been rebuked by John the Baptist for taking the wife of his half-brother, Philip (Mark 6:17-20).• Antipas had John beheaded to fulfill an oath sworn to his daughter (Mark 6:20-29) and later worries that Jesus is John the Baptist back from the dead (Matthew 14:1-12).Herod Agrippa I• Agrippa sought to maintain good standing with the Jewish people, ultimately gaining the respect of both the Sadducees and Pharisees. Agrippa attempted to crack down on messianic movements (Acts 12:1-2).• In 44, he dies suddenly in Caesarea (Acts 12:22-23).Herod Agrippa II• Agrippa II was rumored to have had an incestuous relationship with his sister Berenice.• According to Acts 25:13–26:32, at Festus’s request, Agrippa II and Berenice hear Paul at Caesarea. He found no fault in Paul worthy of imprisonment and remarked that he could have been let go if Paul had not appealed to make his case before Caesar.The Herodians• Influential persons who were partisans of the Herodian dynasty. They are mentioned three times in the NT (Mark 3:6; Matt. 22:16).• They would be theologically and politically close to the Sadducees.

After over a year, this is the last of the deep dives into ancient Egyptian history. In this episode, I cover how Rome instituted their culture in Egypt including their military, path to citizenship, tax and economic policies, and the caste system. I also walk through how these impacted the exiled Joseph, Mary, and Jesus. Finally, I cover the transition from Herod the Great to his son and successor Herod Archelaus, and how this allows us to timestamp when the young Jesus' family returned from Egypt. After listening, let me know what you think.

The family of Herod the Great weaved in and out of the story of the early church, including the lives of Jesus and Paul. But […]

Historical Jesus 3: Rulers in Christ’s World Life was very different in the world of Jesus, especially politics.  In this lecture you will learn about the three main leaders that shaped Jesus’ time: Herod the Great, Herod Antipas, and Pontius Pilate.  Drawing on the Jewish historian, Josephus, you will discover the cut-throat way that Roman Read more about Podcast 27: Rulers in Christ’s World (Historical Jesus 3)[…]

Historical Jesus 3: Rulers in Christ’s World Life was very different in the world of Jesus, especially politics.  In this lecture you will learn about the three main leaders that shaped Jesus’ time: Herod the Great, Herod Antipas, and Pontius Pilate.  Drawing on the Jewish historian, Josephus, you will discover the cut-throat way that Roman Read more about Podcast 27: Rulers in Christ’s World (Historical Jesus 3)[…]

Herod the Great, Herod Archelaus, Herod Antipas, Philip - who was actually in charge of Israel when Jesus was alive? We sort through the Herods for you.